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franchisepartnership · 6 months ago

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Unlocking the Secrets of Franchise Disclosure Documents

Essential Insights on Franchise Disclosure Documents

Franchise Disclosure Documents (FDD) are crucial resources for those thinking about investing in a franchise. These documents provide prospective franchisees with detailed and vital information about the franchise, enabling them to make well-informed decisions. In this blog post, we will delve into the essential components of FDDs and highlight their importance in various sectors such as restaurant franchises, retail franchises, and service franchises in the USA. Furthermore, we will offer simplified explanations of complex terms for better comprehension.

Understanding Franchise Disclosure Documents

Franchise Disclosure Documents contain 23 items, each providing specific information about the franchise. The primary goal of the FDD is to ensure transparency and protect both franchisors and franchisees. Below are the critical components included in an FDD:

Item 1: The Franchisor and Any Parents, Predecessors, and Affiliates - This section details the franchisor’s business history and related entities, helping prospective franchisees understand the franchisor’s background and reputation.

Item 2: Business Experience - Information about the management team's experience within the franchisor’s organization is outlined here. This is crucial as it can reflect the success likelihood based on the leadership’s expertise.

Item 3: Litigation - This item reveals any pending or past lawsuits involving the franchisor, allowing potential franchisees to evaluate any legal risks.

Item 4: Bankruptcy - Details about any bankruptcies filed by the franchisor or its officers. Prospective franchisees need this to gauge the franchisor’s financial stability.

Item 5: Initial Fees - This section lists the initial fees required to purchase the franchise. Understanding these costs is critical for financial planning.

Item 6: Other Fees - Ongoing fees such as royalties and advertising fees are specified here, aiding franchisees in budgeting for continual expenses.

Item 7: Estimated Initial Investment - A detailed estimate of the initial investment needed, including all associated costs.

Item 8: Restrictions on Sources of Products and Services - Any limitations on where the franchisee can purchase supplies. This often applies to specific industries to uphold quality standards.

Item 9: Franchisee's Obligations - A table outlining the franchisee’s duties under the franchise agreement, providing a clear understanding of what is expected from the franchisee.

Item 10: Financing - Information about financing options available through the franchisor.

Item 11: Franchisor's Assistance, Advertising, Computer Systems, and Training - The support provided by the franchisor in terms of training and ongoing assistance.

Item 12: Territory - Details about the franchisee’s territory and any exclusivity agreements, helping to understand the competitive landscape.

Item 13: Trademarks - Information about the trademarks used by the franchise, conveying brand protection.

Item 14: Patents, Copyrights, and Proprietary Information - Details about patents, copyrights, or proprietary information related to the franchise.

Item 15: Obligation to Participate in the Actual Operation of the Business - Whether the franchisee must actively participate in the business’s daily operations.

Item 16: Restrictions on What the Franchisee May Sell - Any restrictions on the range of products or services the franchisee can offer.

Item 17: Renewal, Termination, Transfer, and Dispute Resolution - Terms regarding the renewal, termination, or transfer of the franchise agreement.

Item 18: Public Figures - Information about any public figures associated with the franchise.

Item 19: Financial Performance Representations - Financial performance data provided by the franchisor. This information helps in projecting potential earnings.

Item 20: Outlets and Franchisees - Details about the number of outlets and franchisees, indicating the franchise's growth and market presence.

Item 21: Financial Statements - The franchisor's audited financial statements provide insights into the franchisor’s financial health.

Item 22: Contracts - Copies of the franchise agreement and related contracts are included for legal scrutiny.

Item 23: Receipt - A receipt that the franchisee signs and returns, confirming they have received all disclosed items in the FDD.

Industry-Specific Considerations

Restaurant Franchises

Restaurant franchises often have unique requirements and restrictions due to the industry's nature. Here are some crucial aspects:

Item 8: Restrictions on Sources of Products and Services - Restaurant franchises may require ingredients and supplies to be sourced from specific vendors to maintain quality and consistency.

Item 11: Franchisor's Assistance, Advertising, Computer Systems, and Training - They typically offer extensive training and ongoing support to ensure franchisees can effectively operate the business.

Item 19: Financial Performance Representations - Providing financial performance data helps prospective franchisees understand potential earnings and associated costs.

Retail Franchises

Retail franchises involve unique considerations, particularly regarding inventory and supply chain management. Key points include:

Item 8: Restrictions on Sources of Products and Services - Retail franchises may have designated suppliers to ensure product consistency and quality.

Item 12: Territory - Defined territories to prevent overlap and competition between franchisees.

Item 17: Renewal, Termination, Transfer, and Dispute Resolution - Understanding terms related to renewing or terminating the franchise agreement is crucial.

Service Franchises

Service franchises, such as home cleaning or repair services, differ in their operational needs. Consider the following:

Item 11: Franchisor's Assistance, Advertising, Computer Systems, and Training - These franchises often include training on service delivery and customer service standards.

Item 15: Obligation to Participate in the Actual Operation of the Business - Franchisees may need to actively participate in daily operations, especially for hands-on services.

Item 20: Outlets and Franchisees - Reviewing the number of existing outlets and franchisees helps gauge market saturation.

Best Practices for FDD

Understanding and utilizing FDDs effectively can significantly impact your decision to invest in a franchise. Here are some best practices:

Thoroughly Review the FDD - Carefully read and understand each item. It is a comprehensive document designed for the protection of both parties involved.

Seek Legal Advice - Engage a lawyer who specializes in franchise law to interpret the legal terms and implications clearly.

Verify Financial Information - Review the financial statements and performance data meticulously to assess the franchise’s financial health.

Understand Ongoing Fees - Be aware of all ongoing fees to ensure you can manage the financial commitments effectively.

Evaluate Support and Training - Consider the level of support and training provided by the franchisor to ensure it meets your needs.

Leveraging FDD for Success

Here’s how you can use the FDD to your advantage:

Make Informed Decisions - Utilize the detailed information in the FDD to make knowledgeable decisions about franchise investment.

Negotiate Terms - Understanding the FDD allows for informed negotiations on terms with the franchisor, ensuring clarity and mutual benefit.

Plan Financially - Using the financial data in the FDD, plan your finances and budget accurately to avoid surprises.

Ensure Compliance - The FDD outlines your obligations, helping you stay compliant with all requirements and avoid potential legal issues.

In conclusion, Franchise Disclosure Documents are invaluable tools for anyone considering a franchise investment. They provide comprehensive information that can help you make informed decisions, negotiate better terms, plan financial strategies, and ensure compliance. Thoroughly understanding each section of the FDD, particularly with the aid of professional legal advice, can significantly enhance your ability to navigate the complexities of franchising successfully.

#Franchise #BusinessInvestment #FDD #FranchiseDisclosure #FranchiseAgreement

Thoroughly understand your FDD with our detailed guide, visit https://thefranchiseadvisor.com

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crazybus1997 · 5 years ago

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How to Develop an Invention Organisation Plan for Success

A reliable Invention Service Strategy is an inventor's ideal tool for successfully navigating through the invention process. As a knowledgeable investor, I have discovered that an idea is not perceived as a practical company opportunity until it can be efficiently communicated on paper (or any type of another legible style). before continue reading you can also find out more help by visiting https://kulturehub.com/inventhelp-support-inventors/

When submitting my concepts to invention hunts, accrediting representatives, manufacturers, stores, designers, as well as the patent workplace, I was asked many different kinds of questions. The concerns ranged from "What trouble does it resolve?" to questions that required substantial research such as "That is your target audience?"

Luckily, with my entrepreneurial background and experienced writing service proposals, I was acquainted with responding to such concerns. For that reason, to save time, I decided to combine all of these concerns right into a universal format that could be used and/or adapted for any type of audience within the invention process.

In this short article, I go over exactly how to establish a functional yet compelling organization prepare for innovators as well as their inventions. I discuss its relevance, primary elements, exactly how as well as where to locate content, and also its many usages. I likewise offer real examples adjusted for 3 typical functions: for filing a provisional patent, for becoming part of an invention search, as well as for submitting to other key individuals. Other crucial customers might consist of sellers, suppliers, commercial engineers, financiers, and licensing representatives. By sharing my insights and also instances, I wish to aid inventors like you to establish your product to properly communicate as well as offer your invention to the many different users within the invention process.

The Significance

An Invention Service Plan is a reliable communication device for offering a clear and substantial summary of your invention while conveying its stability and worth. It tells an in-depth tale regarding your invention including what it is, exactly how it works, and also why your invention is a credible business opportunity. It can usually be described as an arranged all-in-one vault of everything you understand or have discovered your invention. It consists of every angle concerning your invention to be made use of as a recommendation point for the growth and/or entry of audience-specific requests. Having a broad target market range allows it to be utilized as a collection of info that can after that be changed or adjusted according to the target market in which it serves.

Invention Business Strategy Example: The Main Components

Many different readers and also audiences require to see your idea in composing. You will certainly be surprised how many various concerns will certainly be inquired about your invention. To efficiently respond to such inquiries, the paper ought to be created such that it functions as a thorough yet functional overview and also resource to be used by a wide audience. Thus, the aspects and also material of your strategy should be both extensive (i.e. can address most questions concerning your invention) as well as versatile (i.e. can be conveniently customized) for a specific use or target market. The suggested components for an extensive and also versatile record are as adheres to:

Short Summary: A summary (1-3 sentences) of what your invention is (name), what it does, and also exactly how it serves.

Abstract: A basic summary of your invention, its market, as well as its advantages. Include the target audience, just how your invention resolves an issue, or how it is useful to your market.

Fit: Just how does your invention fit right into an existing merchant or maker's product mix? Crucial marketing advantages might consist of up-sell possibility, a shelf attention-getter, cutting-edge disruptive top qualities, and/or fills up an underserved market specific niche. Customer advantages might include simpleness, the comfort of use, automates a hands-on job, conserves time as well as steps, and/or solves an existing unmet demand.

Comprehensive Summary: This is where you explain the main parts or elements that make up your invention, just how your invention works or what it does, its primary attributes, and also technique or purpose of usage. Instances of main functions may include dishwashing machine risk-free, automatic functionality, ease of usage, etc.

If the invention integrates the job of 2 or even more existing products on the market, provide the price of using those products individually as well as after that demonstrate exactly how your invention is priced such that it conserves the customer time as well as money. Whereas your invention, the food processor, is priced much less than all of those things incorporated, plus you have included worth of ease and time savings.

Approximated Manufacturing Expense: The ideal situation is to contract manufacturers to obtain an estimate of how much it would certainly set you back to build your invention. However, this can be hard if you don't have specific specifications. The various other recommended general policy is to divide your Suggested List price by an element of 4. As an example, if your recommended retail price is $80, then your Estimated Manufacturing Cost is $20.

Problem/Challenge It Resolves: Talk about the details about the trouble or test your invention fixes. Include market fads and also truths drawn from reliable sources. Describe how your invention is far better than existing products. What are the defects or failures of existing products and also how does your invention address those problems? Utilizing the food mill invention as an example, you would claim currently it takes 20 minutes to reduce veggies for dinner making use of typical methods (knives as well as reducing board). The food processor would reduce that time to 2 minutes.

What Makes It Cutting-edge: Exactly how does your invention stand-out or just how is it far better than existing products or conventional methods? Given that there is no demand to use several knives and also reducing boards for reducing vegetables for supper, you conserve clean-up time and counter space.

Competition: Checklist existing similar products or alternative approaches presently offered or used on the market. Describe how your invention has a competitive advantage over these existing alternatives.

Market Placement or Target Market: What are the target customers and/or target buyers? Who are the target retailers or manufacturers? What are the main circulation channels (online, brick and mortar stores, both)? Listing instances.

Product packaging Pointer: Just how do you want to package your product such that it orders the attention of the target user/buyer? Will your product be included as part of a set of other products, or will it be a stand-alone product?

Product Expansions, Variations, and also Attachment Suggestions: What other shades, layouts, or designs can your invention have? Do you want to provide a warranty for your invention?

Copyright: Give a patent number or provisional patent number if you have one. Provide the day and just how you came up with the invention. Make Use Of the USA Patent Office internet site research other relevant prior art. Listing and define that related prior art. List the history of the invention if any kind of. You can find descriptions of the history of any one of the prior art instances. Note its key parts, provisionary claims, and also offer illustrations or schematics of its style. Use prior art instances as your overview. You might determine to employ an industrial engineer, in which instance, include those designs here.

Exactly how as well as Where to Discover Web content

While the majority of the content needs to be in your own words, the leading five suggested content sources for discovering inspiration and also ideas as they associate with the above aspects include:

A relevant store or maker's 10-Q (Quarterly Declaration) or 10-K (Yearly Declaration)- for Market Research, Problem/Challenge It Addresses, Competition, and Target Users. 10-Q's and also 10-K's can be discovered on the internet site of many public companies, or look for business on the Safety and security as well as Exchange Compensation's (SEC.gov) website.

Relevant licenses from the USA Patent and Hallmark Workplace (USPTO.gov) - for Abstract, Thorough Description, Parts, Quality, Techniques, Intellectual Property Research Study, Patent Results, and Illustrations and also Style.

Profession organization websites, publications, and also various other professional products - for Marketing research, Competition, and Target Users. A well-known trade organization is the International Housewares Association (IHA).

Internet sites of retailers or makers - for Packaging Suggestion, Product Variations, Trick Marketing Advantages, Secret Consumer Advantages, Recommended Market Price, Production Cost (general rule: separate the retail price by 4).

Usefulness and also Target market

The invention process entails revealing your invention to a variety of readers. As discussed, such a document is a beginning factor or layout for offering future material worrying the many various readers as well as target markets for which you will certainly need to interact with your invention.

As an example, invention pursues industrial developers or engineers, stores, suppliers, certifying agents, legal representatives, marketing firms, and the United States Patent Workplace.

With a well-documented plan, you can comfortably adjust or change it relying on its primary usage or target market, therefore, saving you time and actions. As a basic policy, nonetheless, be conventional about what you divulge. Only supply information that is asked for or required. I likewise recommend consisting of a non-disclosure contract (even if a provisionary patent is filed).

Final thought

In summary, an Invention Company Strategy is utilized for lots of reasons. It is an essential part of the invention process. It helps inventors effectively convey an idea right into a tangible, understandable, and understandable service opportunity. I want you much success with your invention endeavors.

More Resources:

https://midhudsonnews.com/2020/05/10/how-does-inventhelp-support-new-inventors/

https://www.techtimes.com/articles/249715/20200518/how-inventhelp-gets-new-inventors-onto-the-right-path.htm

#InventHelp #Ideas #Patent #Inventors #Prototypes #Inventions #Technology #Innovation #help with inventions #What is InventHelp #should i use inventhelp

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off-off-off · 5 years ago

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how to Establish an Invention Business Plan for Success

An effective Invention Service Strategy is an inventor's ideal tool for effectively navigating with the invention procedure. As a seasoned capitalist, I have learned that an idea is not perceived as a feasible organization opportunity up until it can be effectively communicated on paper (or any other readable style). Despite exactly how terrific your idea is, many people expect that you have it jotted down. When I was new to creating, I had no concept of what that implied. I searched around however really did not discover any universal layout for recording my ideas.

When sending my concepts to invention pursues, certifying representatives, manufacturers, retailers, engineers, as well as the patent office, I was asked various sorts of inquiries. The questions varied from "What issue does it resolve?" to concerns that required substantial study such as "That is your target market?"

The good news is, with my entrepreneurial history and experience writing organization proposals, I was extremely accustomed to addressing such questions. Consequently, to save time, I determined to settle all of these inquiries into a universal format that could be used and/or adjusted for any type of target market within the invention process.

In this article, I talk about how to develop a versatile yet compelling company strategy for developers and their inventions. By sharing my insights as well as instances, I hope to assist innovators like you develop your material to properly interact and also present your invention to the several various customers within the invention procedure.

The Significance

An Invention Service Plan is a reliable interaction tool for giving a clear and also concrete summary of your invention while communicating its viability and also value. It tells a detailed story regarding your invention including what it is, how it functions and why your invention is a credible organization chance. It can generally be referred to as an arranged all-in-one depository of whatever you know or have found out about your invention. It includes every angle concerning your invention to be used as a referral point for the development and/or entry of audience-specific demands. Having a wide audience range permits it to be used as a collection of information that can then be customized or readjusted according to the target market in which it offers.

You can also find out more advice: https://www.macobserver.com/why-turn-to-inventhelp-with-your-tech-invention-idea/

Invention Business Strategy Instance: The Main Elements

You will be surprised exactly how numerous different questions will certainly be asked concerning your invention. Thus, the elements and material of your strategy need to be both detailed (i.e. can answer most inquiries concerning your invention) and also adaptable (i.e. can be conveniently customized) for a particular use or target market.

Short Summary: A summary (1-3 sentences) of what your invention is (name), what it does, and how it serves.

Abstract: A basic description of your invention, its market, and also its benefits. Include the target market, just how your invention resolves a problem, or exactly how it works to your market.

Fit: How does your invention fit right into an existing store or producer's product mix? Key selling benefits may include up-sell possibility, a rack attention-getter, ingenious disruptive high qualities, and/or fills up an underserved market specific niche. Consumer advantages may consist of simplicity, the convenience of use, automates a hand-operated job, saves time and steps, and/or addresses an existing unmet requirement.

Detailed Summary: This is where you explain the main parts or components that make up your invention, how your invention works or what it does, its main attributes, and also technique or intent of usage. Examples of main features may include dishwasher secure, automated capability, simplicity of use, and so on.

Suggested Retail Price: If the invention integrates the task of two or more existing products on the market, offer the price of utilizing those items individually and also after that demonstrate just how your invention is priced such that it saves the consumer time and also cash. Whereas your invention, the food processor, is priced less than all of those things incorporated, plus you have the included worth of ease and time cost savings.

Approximated Manufacturing Expense: The perfect situation is to acquire makers to get a price quote of just how much it would cost to build your invention. If your suggested retail cost is $80, then your Estimated Production Expense is $20.

Estimated Manufacturing Cost: Describe exactly how your invention is far better than existing items. What are the defects or failures of existing items and also how does your invention fix those issues? Utilizing the food cpu invention as an instance, you would certainly say currently it takes 20 minutes to reduce veggies for supper utilizing typical methods (blades and cutting board).

What Makes It Cutting-edge: How does your invention stand-out or exactly how is it better than existing items or standard methods? For instance, the food mill conserves users' time, cash, steps, and also cooking area mess in the cooking procedure. Since there is no demand to make use of multiple knives and also cutting boards for reducing veggies for dinner, you save cleaning time and counter area. Rather, customers obtain a compact easy to use the device with an automated motor for cutting vegetables to the wanted size.

Competitors: List existing similar products or alternate methods currently marketed or made use of on the market. Clarify just how your invention has a competitive advantage over these existing options.

Market Setting or Target Market: Who are the target users and/or target buyers? List examples.

Packaging Idea: How do you want to package your item such that it gets hold of the attention of the target user/buyer? Will your product be included as part of a set of other items, or will it be a stand-alone product? Will it be packaged in a box, a bag, with or without a tag? What are your suggested plan layouts and message? For ideas, research study plan styles by other stores or suppliers.

Product Extensions, Variants, as well as Attachment Suggestions: What various other shades, layouts, or styles can your invention have? Do you want to give a warranty for your invention?

Copyright: Give a license number or provisionary license number if you have one. List the day and how you thought of the invention. Make Use Of the United States License Workplace web site to research various other relevant prior art. Listing as well as describe that related prior art. List the history of the invention if any type of. You can find descriptions of the history of any one of the prior art examples. Provide its main parts, provisional insurance claims, and also offer illustrations or schematics of its design. Use prior art instances as your guide. You might decide to employ an industrial designer, in which situation, include those designs right here.

How and Where to Find Web content

While the majority of the material needs to be in your own words, the leading five suggested material sources for finding motivation as well as suggestions as they connect to the above components consist of:

An associated retailer or supplier's 10-Q (Quarterly Statement) or 10-K (Yearly Statement)- for Marketing Research, Problem/Challenge It Solves, Competition, as well as Target Individuals. 10-Q's and 10-K's can be discovered on the site of many public companies, or search for a business on the Safety and security and Exchange Compensation's (SEC.gov) internet site.

Relevant licenses from the USA Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO.gov) - for Abstract, In-depth Description, Parts, Features, Methods, Intellectual Property Study, License Results, as well as Illustrations as well as Layout.

Profession association web sites, magazines, as well as other professional materials - for Market Research, Competitors, as well as Target Users. For instance, a well-known profession association is the International Housewares Organization (IHA).

Internet sites of merchants or suppliers - for Product packaging Suggestion, Product Variations, Key Selling Advantages, Secret Consumer Advantages, Recommended List Price, Production Price (general regulation: separate the retail price by 4).

Efficiency as well as Audience

The invention procedure entails revealing your invention to a wide array of viewers. As stated, such a file is a beginning point or theme for supplying future products concerning the many different visitors as well as target markets for which you will certainly need to connect your invention.

As an example, invention pursues commercial developers or designers, sellers, producers, certifying representatives, legal representatives, advertising and marketing firms, as well as the USA License Workplace.

With a well-documented plan, you can conveniently adjust or customize it relying on its key usage or audience thereby conserving your time and also actions. As a general guideline, however, be conventional regarding what you disclose. Only give information that is asked for or required. I also suggest consisting of a non-disclosure arrangement (even if a provisionary license is filed).

Conclusion

In summary, an Invention Organisation Plan is utilized for numerous reasons. It is a crucial part of the invention process. It helps inventors efficiently communicate a concept into a tangible, reasonable, and understandable organization opportunity. I desire you much success with your invention endeavors.

You can also check https://blog.chron.com/frugalconfessions/2020/03/how-much-can-you-make-from-patenting-your-idea/

#innovation #technology #prototype #success story #products #ideas #inventhelp

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tinyshe · 4 years ago

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The Fauci Files

At 79 years old, Dr. Anthony Fauci — who has served as the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) since 1984 — has yet to come out with the “Big One” — a vaccine or infectious disease treatment that will allow him to retire with a victory under his belt.

He failed to create a successful vaccine for AIDS, SARS, MERS and Ebola. A COVID-19 vaccine is essentially his last chance to go out in a blaze of glory. As evidenced by his history, he will stop at nothing to protect Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine and Gilead’s antiviral Remdesivir.

He even threw tried and true pandemic protocols out the window when COVID-19 hit, turning into an unquestioning spokesman for draconian liberty-stripping measures instead. To echo a question asked by Dr. Sal Martingano in his article,1 “Dr. Fauci: ‘Expert’ or Co-Conspirator,” why are we not questioning this so-called expert?

Fauci ‘Has Been Wrong About Everything’

The risk we take when listening to Fauci is that, so far, he’s been wrong about most things. In a July 14, 2020, “Opposing View” editorial in USA Today, White House adviser Peter Navarro, director of the Office of Trade and Manufacturing Policy, stated that Fauci “has been wrong about everything that I have interacted with him on.”2 According to Navarro, Fauci’s errors in judgment include:3

• Opposing the ban on incoming flights from China in late January 2020.

• Telling the American people the novel virus outbreak was nothing to worry about well into February.

• Flip-flopping on the use of masks — first mocking people for wearing them, and then insisting they should. In fact, mid-July, he suddenly urged governments to “be as forceful as possible” on mask rules.4

• Claiming there was only anecdotal evidence supporting the use of hydroxychloroquine, when the scientific grounds for it go as far back as 2005, when the study,5 “Chloroquine Is a Potent Inhibitor of SARS Coronavirus Infection and Spread,” was published in the Virology Journal.

Fauci should have been well aware of this publication. According to that study,6 “Chloroquine has strong antiviral effects on SARS-CoV infection of primate cells. These inhibitory effects are observed when the cells are treated with the drug either before or after exposure to the virus, suggesting both prophylactic and therapeutic advantage,” the study authors said. In other words, the drug worked both for prevention and treatment.

As noted by Navarro, more recent research found hydroxychloroquine reduced the mortality rate among COVID-19 patients by 50% when used early.

Interestingly, in a March 24, 2020, interview7 with Chris Stigall, Fauci did say that — were he to speak strictly as a doctor treating patients — he would certainly prescribe chloroquine to COVID-19 patients, particularly if there were no other options.

Then, in August, he flipped back to insisting hydroxychloroquine doesn’t work,8 even though by that time, there were several studies demonstrating its effectiveness against COVID-19 specifically.

So, it appears Fauci has had a hard time making up his mind on this issue as well, on the one hand dismissing the drug as either untested or ineffective against COVID-19, and on the other admitting it would be wise to use, seeing how the options are so limited.

Navarro continues:9

“Now Fauci says a falling mortality rate doesn’t matter when it is the single most important statistic to help guide the pace of our economic reopening. The lower the mortality rate, the faster and more we can open. So when you ask me whether I listen to Dr. Fauci’s advice, my answer is: only with skepticism and caution.”

Fauci Has Done Nothing to Help Unite the Country

While Fauci claims to be exasperated by how political the pandemic has become,10 Robert F. Kennedy Jr. pointed out in an August 2, 2020, Instagram post11 that Fauci himself is, at least in part, part of the problem, as his double standards on hydroxychloroquine have done much to polarize and divide the nation:

“Fauci insists he will not approve HCQ for COVID until its efficacy is proven in ‘randomized, double blind placebo studies.’ To date, Dr. Fauci has never advocated such studies for any of the 72 vaccine doses added to the mandatory childhood schedule since he took over NIAID in 1984. Nor is he requiring them for the COVID vaccines currently racing for approval.

Why should chloroquine be the only remedy required to cross this high hurdle? HCQ is less in need of randomized placebo studies than any of these vaccines since its safety is well established after 60 years of use and decades on WHO’s listed of ‘essential medicines.’

Fauci’s peculiar hostility towards HCQ is consistent with his half century bias favoring vaccines and patent medicines. Dr. Fauci’s double standards create confusion, mistrust and polarization.”

In a June 10, 2020, article,12 Global Research also questioned Fauci’s many attempts to disparage the drug for no apparently valid reason; even promoting the fake (and ultimately retracted) Lancet study that claimed to show hydroxychloroquine was dangerous. At the end of the day, who benefits? Well, certainly it benefits the drug and vaccine industries, which seems to be where Fauci’s loyalties lie.

Fauci’s Bias Is Hard to Miss

While Fauci is not named on the patents of either Moderna’s vaccine or Remdesivir, the NIH does have a 50% stake in Moderna’s vaccine,13 and the recognition that would come with a successful vaccine launch would certainly include Fauci.

He also has lots to lose — if nothing else, his pride — if Remdesivir doesn’t become a blockbuster, as his NIAID is sponsoring the clinical trials.14 The NIAID also supported the original research into Remdesivir, when it was aimed at treating Ebola.15

His bias here is clear for anyone to see. April 29, 2020, he stated16 Remdesivir "has a clear-cut and significant positive effect in diminishing the time to recovery." How good is that? Patients on the drug recovered in 11 days, on average, compared to 15 days among those receiving a placebo. Overall, the improvement rate for the drug was 31%.

Meanwhile, research17 now shows hydroxychloroquine reduced mortality by 50% when given early, and many doctors anecdotally claim survival rates close to 100%. This still isn’t good enough for Fauci, who continues insisting hydroxychloroquine is a bust.18

His stance on these two drugs certainly doesn’t make sense based on the data alone. But it does make sense if he wants (or has been instructed) to protect the profits of Remdesivir.

As director of NIAID, which has been part of Remdesivir’s development from the start, why wouldn’t he want to see it become a moneymaker for the agency he dedicated his career to? It also makes sense when you consider his primary job is to raise funds for biodefense research, primarily vaccines but also diagnostics and drug therapies.19,20

Fauci Doubts Safety of Russian Vaccine

Early in August 2020, Russia announced they would begin vaccinating citizens with its own COVID-19 vaccine, despite not finishing large-scale human trials.21 The announcement drew skepticism from American infectious disease specialists, including Fauci, who said he has “serious doubts” that Russia’s COVID-19 vaccine is actually safe and effective.22

Fauci conveniently ignores the many failed attempts to create other coronavirus vaccines over the past two decades, including vaccines against SARS and MERS.

He’s probably right on that point. It’s hard to imagine you can prove safety and effectiveness in a mere two months of trials. But the fast-tracked vaccine efforts of the U.S. and EU are hardly bound to be significantly better, considering the many shortcuts that are being taken.

Fauci Ignores Two Decades of Failed Coronavirus Vaccines

Despite being in a position to know better, Fauci conveniently ignores the many failed attempts to create other coronavirus vaccines over the past two decades, including vaccines against SARS and MERS. A paper23 by Eriko Padron-Regalado, “Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2: Lessons From Other Coronavirus Strains” reviews some of these past experiences. As noted in the Conservative Review:24

“Since their emergence in 2003 and 2012 respectively, no safe and efficacious human vaccines for either SARS-Cov1 or MERS have been developed.

Moreover, experimental non-human (animal model) evaluations of four SARS-Cov1 candidate vaccine types, revealed that despite conferring some protection against infection with SARS-Cov1, each also caused serious lung injury, caused by an overreaction of the immune system, upon viral challenge.25

Identical ‘hypersensitive-type’ lung injury occurred26 when mice were administered a candidate MERS-Cov vaccine, then challenged with infectious virus, negating the ostensible benefit achieved by their development of promising … ‘antibodies’ … which might have provided immunity to MERS-Cov.

These disappointing experimental observations must serve as a cautionary tale for SARS-Cov2 vaccination programs to control epidemic COVID-19 disease.”

NIAID Safety Controversies and Ethics Violations

When recently asked for a rebuttal to criticism of his leadership during the pandemic, Fauci replied, “I think you can trust me,” citing his long record of service in government medicine. However, that long service record is fraught with ethics and safety lapses.

For example, in 2005, NPR reported27 the NIH tested novel AIDS drugs on hundreds of HIV-positive children in state foster care during the late 1980s and90s without assigning patient advocates to monitor the children’s health, as is required by law in most states.

Fauci was appointed director of the NIAID in 1984. The AIDS research was part of his research portfolio, and the AIDS research division reported directly to him, so these violations occurred on his watch.28 In 2008, two NIH biomedical ethicists published a paper on the controversial practice of using wards of the state as guinea pigs, noting:29

"Enrolling wards of the state in research raises two major concerns: the possibility that an unfair share of the burdens of research might fall on wards, and the need to ensure interests of individual wards are accounted for ... Having special protections only for some categories is misguided. Furthermore, some of the existing protections ought to be strengthened."

Under Fauci, the NIAID became the largest funder of HIV/AIDS in the world.30 Despite that, numerous articles over the years have discussed how AIDS activists have been less than satisfied with Fauci and the NIAID.31,32,33 A 1986 article stated:34

“If Fauci were less intent on amassing power within the federal health bureaucracy … he would have left AIDS treatment research with the NCI, where it began, relying on that institute's proven expertise in organizing large, multisite clinical trials for cancer therapies."

A July 23, 2020, article in Just the News lists several other safety and ethics problems that Fauci has been involved in through the years, including conflict of interest violations in vaccine research.35

Just the News also interviewed NIAID chief of ethics and regulatory compliance Dr. Jonathan Fishbein, whom the NIAID was forced to reinstate in 2005 after it was determined that Fishbein had been wrongly fired in retaliation for raising concerns about lack of safety in some of the agency’s research:36

“Fishbein said … Fauci failed to take responsibility for the managers and researchers working below him when signs of trouble emerged, allowing problems to persist until others intervened. ‘Fauci is all about Fauci,’ Fishbein said. ‘He loves being the headline. It’s his ego.’”

Fauci’s Connections to Wuhan Lab

By now, you probably also know that the NIAID funded gain-of-function research on coronaviruses at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. As reported by Newsweek:37

“In 2019, with the backing of NIAID, the National Institutes of Health committed $3.7 million over six years for research that included some gain-of-function work. The program followed another $3.7 million, 5-year project for collecting and studying bat coronaviruses, which ended in 2019, bringing the total to $7.4 million.”

This money was not given directly, but rather funneled to the Wuhan lab via the EcoHealth Alliance. According to a recent report by The Wall Street Journal,38 the NIH is now insisting EcoHealth Alliance submit all information and materials from the Wuhan lab before it’s allowed to resume funding.

Fauci is a longtime proponent of dangerous gain-of-function research. In 2003, he wrote an article39 published in the journal Nature on how “the world needs new and creative ways to counter bioterrorism.”

“We will pursue innovative approaches for modulating innate immunity to induce and enhance protection against many biological pathogens, as well as simple and rapid molecularly based diagnostics to detect, characterize and quantify infectious threats,” Fauci wrote.

“These are lofty goals that may take many years to accomplish — but we must aspire to them. Third, we must enormously strengthen our interactions with the private sector, including biotechnology companies and large pharmaceutical corporations.

Many biodefence-related products that we are pursuing do not provide sufficient incentives for industry — the potential profit margin for companies is tenuous, and there is no guarantee that products would be used.

Therefore, we will seek non-traditional collaborations with industry, for example guaranteeing that products will be purchased if companies sign up … so that we can quickly make available effective vaccines and treatments …”

With that, there can be little question about which team Fauci is on. He’s on the side of drug and vaccine makers, and has been for decades. There’s no money to be made by either the agency or its private collaborators from natural products such as vitamin D, vitamin C, quercetin or its drug equivalent, hydroxychloroquine. All of these are dirt-cheap and off patent.

Prediction Track Record = Null

Fauci’s predictions for COVID-19 mortality have also turned out to be as inaccurate as all of his previous predictions. In 1987, he predicted heterosexual infection of HIV/AIDS would rise to 10% by 1991. It never rose above 4%.

He predicted the bird flu would result in 2 million to 7 million deaths. In the end, the avian H5N1 flu killed 440 worldwide. He sought billions of dollars to combat the threat of Zika, a virus that fizzled without making much of an impact anywhere.40

When you look at his track record, you realize he’s predicted “nightmare” scenarios for decades, none of which have materialized. Last but not least, Dr. Fauci serves on Bill Gates leadership council.

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heightadjustableworktable · 4 years ago

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The Surprising History Of Standing Desks

The popularity of standing desks has grown big in the last few decades. The many health benefits offered by these desks is what's fuelling their demand. But most people have been confusing these desks as new products, which is not correct. You will be surprised to learn how old standing desks are. Standing desks have been around for several centuries. But started growing popular late in the 20th century due to increased lifestyle diseases as a result of sedentary life. That's why everyone today wants to switch to standing desks in the office. Although the modern standing desk has been improved in technology, its design and use have not changed. Now, let's look at the long history of the standing desk and its evolution into modern times.

History of Standing Desks

Nobody can tell when the first standing desk was made or used. But there are pieces of history that can trace when these desks many centuries ago. According to the recorded history, the first time that a standing desk was used was in the 1400s. The first person recorded in history using a standing desk was Leonardo da Vinci.

While painting one of his popular masterpieces, Mona Lisa, he used a standing desk. This shows he was using a standing desk for most of his work. However, there is no evidence that he invented these desks. It would then take several centuries for the standing to be traced again in history. It is in the 1700s that these desks would then appear again. During this time, they were being used as a solution to various lifestyle problems. The use of these desks in the 18th century was after Samuel-Auguste Tissot's findings on health problems associated with deskbound individuals. In 1797, Job Orton, a Presbyterian minister, recommended the use of standing desks. He cautioned that slouching and sedentary life could be harmful to their health. In this case, he was categorical that they should use standing desks. Job Orton's findings would be re-emphasised by a self-help book of 1858 for office workers. By this time, more people were working in offices where they spent most of the day seated. With the booming of writing services, the writing industry was a big employer. But slouching and poor posture were a big problem. The self-help book emphasized the use of standing desks to alleviate various health concerns. In 1883, a scientific article by Dr Felix Oswald re-emphasised the use of standing desks. In the same 19th century, there was a huge improvement on standing desks with crank-adjustable varieties coming into the market. There were also many patents filed for the modernised standing desks by the end of the 19th century. By the end of the 20th century, standing desks popularity exploded across the world.

Famous People In History Who Used Standing Desks

Apart from Leonardo da Vince, many other famous people in history used standing desks. Most of these people were usually writing or drawing. Here is a list of prominent persons that used standing desks:

Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln is the first president of the United States. He's credited for many things, among them creating a cohesive America and stopping the infamous slave trade. But most people don't know that he was a stander. One quote from his Emancipation proclamation gives evidence of using standing desks. He mentions that his standing desk is what inspired him to end the infamous slave trade.

Thomas Jefferson

There is evidence that Thomas Jefferson, 3rd president of the USA, used standing desks. The recorded history is that he ordered for standing desk in the late 1700s. The 'tall desk,' as it is referred to, has 6 peg legs for better stability. It has a secondary desktop beneath it for the extra surface when needed. The desk is still displayed at the Monticello.

Lewis Carroll

Lewis Carroll was an English writer best for the famous children's fiction books. If you haven't read his work, look up Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. He lived in the 19th century and is one of the prominent people known for using standing tables. It is believed that he wrote he wrote most of his tales at a standing desk.

Ernest Hemingway

Ernest Hemingway is an American novelist who won the Nobel Prize in literature. He is known for his incredible writing and is said to be one of the best writers of the 20th century. But one thing most people don't know about him is that he was a stander. He used a standing desk for most of his writings. However, it is important to note that a knee injury is one of the reasons why he used standing desks.

Vladimir Nabokov

Vladimir Nabokov is another writer that is believed to have used standing desks for most of his work. The Russian-American novelist is ranked as one of the top writers of the 20th century. But he didn't spend most of the time standing while writing. What he had was a makeshift standing desk where he starts the writing. That's he is put among prominent standers.

Donald Rumsfield

Donald Rumsfield is one of the most renowned US Secretary of Defence. He served in two different regimes. But what stands out about him is the use of a standing desk. Did you know that he was working standing for most of the day? Well, he once said that he stands 8-10 hours a day. That's why he is considered as one of the serious standers.

Winston Churchill

Last in our list of famous people who used standing desks is Winston Churchill. The famous prime minister and statesman used a standing desk most of his official. It's also important to note that he was in the British army for many years before joining politics. This could the place where he got used to standing desks.

Final Thoughts

The standing desks are not a new thing. They have been around for centuries. But over the years, they have grown popular because of the health benefits they offer. The modern standing desk is more advanced to promote efficiency and productivity. They offer better features and more health benefits due to their height adjustability.

from Height Adjustable Work Table - News https://heightadjustableworktable.com/blogs/news/history-of-standing-desks

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mostlysignssomeportents · 7 years ago

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DRM's Dead Canary: How We Just Lost the Web, What We Learned from It, and What We Need to Do Next

PLEASE REBLOG THIS

EFF has been fighting against DRM and the laws behind it for a decade and a half, intervening in the US Broadcast Flag, the UN Broadcasting Treaty, the European DVB CPCM standard, the W3C EME standard and many other skirmishes, battles and even wars over the years. With that long history behind us, there are two things we want you to know about DRM:

Everybody on the inside secretly knows that DRM technology is irrelevant, but DRM law is everything; and

The reason companies want DRM has nothing to do with copyright.

These two points have just been demonstrated in a messy, drawn-out fight over the standardization of DRM in browsers, and since we threw a lot of blood and treasure at that fight, one thing we hope to salvage is an object lesson that will drive these two points home and provide a roadmap for the future of DRM fighting.

DRM IS TECHNOLOGICALLY BANKRUPT; DRM LAW IS DEADLY

Here's how DRM works, at a high level: a company wants to provide a customer (you) with digital asset (like a movie, a book, a song, a video game or an app), but they want to control what you do with that file after you get it.

So they encrypt the file. We love encryption. Encryption works. With relatively little effort, anyone can scramble a file so well that no one will ever be able to decrypt it unless they're provided with the key.

Let's say this is Netflix. They send you a movie that's been scrambled and they want to be sure you can't save it and watch it later from your hard-drive. But they also need to give you a way to view the movie, too. At some point, that means unscrambling the movie. And there's only one way to unscramble a file that's been competently encrypted: you have to use the key.

So Netflix also gives you the unscrambling key.

But if you have the key, you can just unscramble the Netflix movies and save them to your hard drive. How can Netflix give you the key but control how you use it?

Netflix has to hide the key, somewhere on your computer, like in a browser extension or an app. This is where the technological bankruptcy comes in. Hiding something well is hard. Hiding something well in a piece of equipment that you give to your adversary to take away with them and do anything they want with is impossible.

Maybe you can't find the keys that Netflix hid in your browser. But someone can: a bored grad student with a free weekend, a self-taught genius decapping a chip in their basement, a competitor with a full-service lab. One tiny flaw in any part of the fragile wrapping around these keys, and they're free.

And once that flaw is exposed, anyone can write an app or a browser plugin that does have a save button. It's game over for the DRM technology. (The keys escape pretty regularly, just as fast as they can be revoked by the DRM companies.)

DRM gets made over the course of years, by skilled engineers, at a cost of millions of dollars. It gets broken in days, by teenagers, with hobbyist equipment. That's not because the DRM-makers are stupid, it's because they're doing something stupid.

Which is where the law comes in. DRM law gives rightsholders more forceful, far-ranging legal powers than laws governing any other kind of technology. In 1998, Congress passed the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), whose Section 1201 provides for felony liability for anyone commercially engaged in bypassing a DRM system: 5 years in prison and a $500,000 fine for a first offense. Even noncommercial bypass of DRM is subject to liability. It also makes it legally risky to even talk about how to bypass a DRM system.

So the law shores up DRM systems with a broad range of threats. If Netflix designs a video player that won't save a video unless you break some DRM, they now have the right to sue -- or sic the police -- on any rival that rolls out an improved alternative streaming client, or a video-recorder that works with Netflix. Such tools wouldn't violate copyright law any more than a VCR or a Tivo does, but because that recorder would have to break Netflix DRM, they could use DRM law to crush it.

DRM law goes beyond mere bans on tampering with DRM. Companies also use Section 1201 of the DMCA to threaten security researchers who discover flaws in their products. The law becomes a weapon they can aim at anyone who wants to warn their customers (still you) that the products you're relying on aren't fit for use. That includes warning people about flaws in DRM that expose them to being hacked.

It's not just the USA and not just the DMCA, either. The US Trade Representative has "convinced" countries around the world to adopt a version of this rule.

DRM HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH COPYRIGHT

DRM law has the power to do untold harm. Because it affords corporations the power to control the use of their products after sale, the power to decide who can compete with them and under what circumstances, and even who gets to warn people about defective products, DRM laws represent a powerful temptation.

Some things that aren't copyright infringement: buying a DVD while you're on holiday and playing it when you get home. It is obviously not a copyright infringement to go into a store in (say) New Delhi and buy a DVD and bring it home to (say) Topeka. The rightsholder made their movie, sold it to the retailer, and you paid the retailer the asking price. This is the opposite of copyright infringement. That's paying for works on the terms set by the rightsholder. But because DRM stops you from playing out-of-region discs on your home player, the studios can invoke copyright law to decide where you can consume the copyrighted works you've bought, fair and square.

Other not-infringements: fixing your car (GM uses DRM to control who can diagnose an engine, and to force mechanics to spend tens of thousands of dollars for diagnostic information they could otherwise determine themselves or obtain from third parties); refilling an ink cartridge (HP pushed out a fake security update that added DRM to millions of inkjet printers so that they'd refuse remanufactured or third-party cartridges), or toasting home-made bread (though this hasn't happened yet, there's no reason that a company couldn't put DRM in its toasters to control whose bread you can use).

It's also not a copyright infringement to watch Netflix in a browser that Netflix hasn't approved. It's not a copyright infringement to record a Netflix movie to watch later. It's not a copyright infringement to feed a Netflix video to an algorithm that can warn you about upcoming strobe effects that can trigger life-threatening seizures in people with photosensitive epilepsy.

WHICH BRINGS US TO THE W3C

The W3C is the world's foremost open web standards body, a consortium whose members (companies, universities, government agencies, civil society groups and others) engage in protracted wrangles over the best way for everyone to deliver web content. They produce "recommendations" (W3C-speak for "standards") that form the invisible struts that hold up the web. These agreements, produced through patient negotiation and compromise, represent an agreement by major stakeholders about the best (or least-worst) way to solve thorny technological problems.

In 2013, Netflix and a few other media companies convinced the W3C to start work on a DRM system for the web. This DRM system, Encrypted Media Extensions (EME), represented a sharp departure from the W3C's normal business. First, EME would not be a complete standard: the organization would specify an API through which publishers and browser vendors would make DRM work, but the actual "content decryption module" (CDM) wouldn't be defined by the standard. That means that EME was a standard in name only: if you started a browser company and followed all the W3C's recommendations, you still wouldn't be able to play back a Netflix video. For that, you'd need Netflix's permission.

It's hard to overstate how weird this is. Web standards are about "permissionless interoperability." The standards for formatting text mean that anyone can make a tool that can show you pages from the New York Times' website; images from Getty; or interactive charts on Bloomberg. The companies can still decide who can see which pages on their websites (by deciding who gets a password and which parts of the website each password unlocks), but they don't get to decide who can make the web browsing program you type the password into in order to access the website.

A web in which every publisher gets to pick and choose which browsers you can use to visit their sites is a very different one from the historical web. Historically, anyone could make a new browser by making sure it adhered to W3C recommendations, and then start to compete. And while the web has always been dominated by a few browsers, which browsers dominate have changed every decade or so, as new companies and even nonprofits like Mozilla (who make Firefox) overthrew the old order. Technologies that have stood in the way of this permissionless interoperabilty -- for instance, patent-encumbered video -- have been seen as impediments to the idea of the open web, not standardization opportunities.

When the W3C starts making technologies that only work when they're blessed by a handful of entertainment companies, they're putting their thumbs -- their fists -- on the scales in favor of ensuring that the current browser giants get to enjoy a permanent reign.

But that's the least of it. Until EME, W3C standards were designed to give the users of the web (e.g. you) more control over what your computer did while you were accessing other peoples' websites. With EME -- and for the first time ever -- the W3C is designing technology that takes away your control. EME is designed to allow Netflix -- and other big companies -- to decide what your browser does, even (especially) when you disagree about what that should be.

Since the earliest days of computing, there's been a simmering debate about whether computers exist to control their users, or vice versa (as the visionary computer scientist and education specialist Seymour Papert put it, "children should be programming the computer rather than being programmed by it" -- that applies equally well to adults. Every W3C standard until 2017 was on the side of people controlling computers. EME breaks with that. It is a subtle, but profound shift.

WHY WOULD THE W3C DO THIS?

Ay yi yi. That is the three billion user question.

The W3C version of the story goes something like this. The rise of apps has weakened the web. In the pre-app days, the web was the only game in town, so companies had to play by web rules: open standards, open web. But now that apps exist and nearly everyone uses them, big companies can boycott the web, forcing their users into apps instead. That just accelerates the rise of apps, and weakens the web even more. Apps are used to implement DRM, so DRM-using companies are moving to apps. To keep entertainment companies from killing the web outright, the Web must have DRM too.

Even if those companies don't abandon the web altogether, continues this argument, getting them to make their DRM at the W3C is better than letting them make it on an ad-hoc basis. Left to their own devices, they could make DRM that made no accommodations for people with disabilities, and without the W3C's moderating influence, these companies would make DRM that would be hugely invasive of web users' privacy.

The argument ends with a broad justification for DRM: companies have the right to protect their copyrights. We can't expect an organization to spend fortunes creating or licensing movies and then distribute them in a way that lets anyone copy and share them.

We think that these arguments don't hold much water. The web does indeed lack some of its earlier only-game-in-town muscle, but the reality is that companies make money by going where their customers are, and every potential customer has a browser, while only existing customers have a company's apps. The more hoops a person has to jump through in order to become your customer, the fewer customers you'll have. Netflix is in a hyper-competitive market with tons of new entrants (e.g. Disney), and being "that streaming service you can't use on the web" is a serious deficit.

We also think that the media companies and tech companies would struggle to arrive at a standard for DRM outside of the W3C, even a really terrible one. We've spent a lot of time in the smoke-filled rooms of DRM standardization and the core dynamic there is the media companies demanding full-on lockdown for every frame of video, and tech companies insisting that the best anyone can hope for is an ineffectual "speed-bump" that they hope will mollify the media companies. Often as not, these negotiations collapse under their own weight.

Then there's the matter of patents: companies that think DRM is a good idea also lovesoftware patents, and the result is an impenetrable thicket of patents that make getting anything done next to impossible. The W3C's patent-pooling mechanism (which is uniquely comprehensive in the standards world and stands as an example of the best way to do this sort of thing) was essential to making DRM standardization possible. What's more, there are key players in the DRM world, like Adobe, who hold significant patent portfolios but are playing an ever-dwindling role in the world of DRM (the avowed goal of EME was to "kill Flash"). If the companies involved had to all sit down and negotiate a new patent deal without the W3C's framework, any of these companies could "turn troll" and insist that all the rest would have to shell out big dollars to license their patents -- they have nothing to lose by threatening the entire enterprise, and everything to gain from even a minuscule per-user royalty for something that will be rolled out into three billionbrowsers.

Finally, there's no indication that EME had anything to do with protecting legitimate business interests. Streaming video services like Netflix rely on customers to subscribe to a whole library with constantly added new materials and a recommendation engine to help them navigate the catalog.

DRM for streaming video is all about preventing competition, not protecting copyrights. The purpose of DRM is to give companies the legal tools to prevent activities that would otherwise be allowed. The DRM part doesn't have to "work" (in the sense of preventing copyright infringement) so long as it allows for the invocation of the DMCA.

To see how true this is, just look at Widevine, Google's version of EME. Google bought the company that made Widevine in 2010, but it wasn't until 2016 that an independent researcher actually took a close look at how well it prevented videos from leaking. That researcher, David Livshits found that Widevine was trivial to circumvent, and it had been since its inception, and that the errors that made Widevine so ineffective were obvious to even a cursory examination. If the millions of dollars and the high-power personnel committed to EME were allocated to create a technology that would effectively prevent copyright infringement, then you'd think that Netflix or one of the other media companies in the negotiations would have diverted some of those resources to a quick audit to make sure that the stuff actually worked as advertised.

(Funny story: Livshits is an Israeli at Ben Gurion University, and Israel happens to be the rare country that doesn't ban breaking DRM, meaning that Israelis are among the only people who can do this kind of research without fear of legal retaliation)

But the biggest proof that EME was just a means to shut down legitimate competitors -- and not an effort to protect copyright -- is what happened next.

A CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT

When EFF joined the W3C, our opening bid was "Don't make DRM."

We put the case to the organization, describing the way that DRM interferes with the important copyright exceptions (like those that allow people to record and remix copyrighted works for critical or transformative purposes) and the myriad problems presented by the DMCA and laws like it around the world.

The executive team of the W3C basically dismissed all arguments about fair use and user rights in copyright as a kind of unfortunate casualty of the need to keep Netflix from ditching the web in favor of apps, and as for the DMCA, they said that they couldn't do anything about this crazy law, but they were sure that the W3C's members were not interested in abusing the DMCA, they just wanted to keep their high-value movies from being shared on the internet.

So we changed tack, and proposed a kind of "controlled experiment" to find out what the DRM fans at the W3C were trying to accomplish.

The W3C is a consensus body: it makes standards by getting everyone in a room to compromise, moving toward a position that everyone can live with. Our ideal world was "No DRM at the W3C," and DRM is a bad enough idea that it was hard to imagine much of a compromise from there.

But after listening closely to the DRM side's disavowals of DMCA abuse, we thought we could find something that would represent an improvement on the current status quo and that should fit with their stated views.

We proposed a kind of DRM non-aggression pact, through which W3C members would promise that they'd only sue people under laws like DMCA 1201 if there was some other law that had been broken. So if someone violates your copyright, or incites someone to violate your copyright, or interferes with your contracts with your users, or misappropriates your trade secrets, or counterfeits your trademarks, or does anything else that violates your legal rights, you can throw the book at them.

But if someone goes around your DRM and doesn't violate any other laws, the non-aggression pact means that you couldn't use the W3C standardised DRM as a route to legally shut them down. That would protect security researchers, it would protect people analyzing video to add subtitles and other assistive features, it would protect archivists who had the legal right to make copies, and it would protect people making new browsers.

If all you care about is making an effective technology that prevents lawbreaking, this agreement should be a no-brainer. For starters, if you think DRM is an effective technology, it shouldn't matter if it's illegal to criticize it.

And since the nonaggression pact kept all other legal rights intact, there was no risk that agreeing to it would allow someone to break the law with impunity. Anyone who violated copyrights (or any other rights) would be square in the DMCA's crosshairs, and companies would have their finger on the trigger.

NOT SURPRISED BUT STILL DISAPPOINTED

Of course, they hated this idea.

The studios, the DRM vendors and the large corporate members of the W3C participated in a desultory, brief "negotiation" before voting to terminate further discussion and press on. The W3C executive helped them dodge discussions, chartering further work on EME without any parallel work on protecting the open web, even as opposition within the W3C mounted.

By the time the dust settled, EME was published after the most divided votes the W3C had ever seen, with the W3C executive unilaterally declaring that issues for security research, accessibility, archiving and innovation had been dealt with as much as they could be (despite the fact that literally nothing binding was done about any of these things). The "consensus" process of the W3C has so thoroughly hijacked that EME's publication was only supported by 58% of the members who voted in the final poll, and many of those members expressed regret that they were cornered into voting for something they objected to.

When the W3C executive declared that any protections for the open web were incompatible with the desires of the DRM-boosters, it was a kind of ironic vindication. After all, this is where we'd started, with EFF insisting that DRM wasn't compatible with security disclosures, with accessibility, with archiving or innovation. Now, it seemed, everyone agreed.

What's more, they all implicitly agreed that DRM wasn't about protecting copyright. It was about using copyright to seize other rights, like the right to decide who could criticize your product -- or compete with it.

DRM's sham cryptography means that it only works if you're not allowed to know about its defects. This proposition was conclusively proved when a W3C member proposed that the Consortium should protect disclosures that affected EME's "privacy sandbox" and opened users to invasive spying, and within minutes, Netflix's representative said that even this was not worth considering.

In a twisted way, Netflix was right. DRM is so fragile, so incoherent, that it is simply incompatible with the norms of the marketplace and science, in which anyone is free to describe their truthful discoveries, even if they frustrate a giant company's commercial aspirations.

The W3C tacitly admitted this when they tried to convene a discussion group to come up with some nonbinding guidelines for when EME-using companies should use the power of DRM law to punish their critics and when they should permit the criticism.

"RESPONSIBLE DISCLOSURE" ON OUR TERMS, OR JAIL

They called this "responsible disclosure," but it was far from the kinds of "responsible disclosure" we see today. In current practice, companies offer security researchers enticements to disclose their discoveries to vendors before going public. These enticements range from bug-bounty programs that pay out cash, to leaderboards that provide glory to the best researchers, to binding promises to act on disclosures in a timely way, rather than crossing their fingers, sitting on the newly discovered defects, and hoping no one else re-discovers them and exploits them.

The tension between independent security researchers and corporations is as old as computing itself. Computers are hard to secure, thanks to their complexity. Perfection is elusive. Keeping the users of networked computers safe requires constant evaluation and disclosure, so that vendors can fix their bugs and users can make informed decisions about which systems are safe enough to use.

But companies aren't always the best stewards of bad news about their own products. As researchers have discovered -- the hard way -- telling a company about its mistakes may be the polite thing to do, but it's very risky behavior, apt to get you threatened with legal reprisals if you go public. Many's the researcher who told a company about a bug, only to have the company sit on that news for an intolerably long time, putting its users at risk. Often, these bugs only come to light when they are independently discovered by bad actors, who figure out how to exploit them, turning them into attacks that compromise millions of users, so many that the bug's existence can no longer be swept under the rug.

As the research world grew more gunshy about talking to companies, companies were forced to make real, binding assurances that they would honor the researchers' discoveries by taking swift action in a defined period, by promising not to threaten researchers over presenting their findings, and even by bidding for researchers' trust with cash bounties. Over the years, the situation has improved, with most big companies offering some kind of disclosure program.

But the reason companies offer those bounties and assurances is that they have no choice. Telling the truth about defective products is not illegal, so researchers who discover those truths are under no obligation to play by companies' rules. That forces companies to demonstrate their goodwill with good conduct, binding promises and pot-sweeteners.

Companies definitely want to be able to decide who can tell the truth about their products and when. We know that because when they get the chance to flex that muscle, they flex it. We know it because they said so at the W3C. We know it because they demanded that they get that right as part of the DRM package in EME.

Of all the lows in the W3C DRM process, the most shocking was when the historic defenders of the open web tried to turn an effort to protect the rights of researchers to warn billions of people about harmful defects in their browsers into an effort to advise companies on when they should hold off on exercising that right -- a right they wouldn’t have without the W3C making DRM for the web.

DRM IS THE OPPOSITE OF SECURITY

From the first days of the DRM fight at the W3C, we understood that the DRM vendors and the media companies they supplied weren't there to protect copyright, they were there to grab legally enforceable non-copyright privileges. We also knew that DRM was incompatible with security research: because DRM relies on obfuscation, anyone who documents how DRM works also makes it stop working.

This is especially clear in terms of what wasn't said at the W3C: when we proposed that people should be able to break DRM to generate subtitles or conduct security audits, the arguments were always about whether that was acceptable, but it was never about whether it was possible.

Recall that EME is supposed to be a system that helps companies ensure that their movies aren't saved to their users' hard-drives and shared around the internet. For this to work, it should be, you know, hard to do that.

But in every discussion of when people should be allowed to break EME, it was always a given that anyone who wanted to could do so. After all, when you hide secrets in software you give to people who you want to keep them secret from, you are probably going to be disappointed.

From day one, we understood that we would arrive at a point in which the DRM advocates at the W3C would be obliged to admit that the survival of their plan relied on being able to silence people who examined their products.

However, we did hold out hope that when this became clear to everyone, that they would understand that DRM couldn't peacefully co-exist with the open web.

We were wrong.

THE W3C IS THE CANARY IN THE COALMINE

The success of DRM at the W3C is a parable about market concentration and the precarity of the open web. Hundreds of security researchers lobbied the W3C to protect their work, UNESCO publicly condemned the extension of DRM to the web, and the many crypto-currency members of the W3C warned that using browsers for secure, high-stakes applications like moving around peoples' life-savings could only happen if browsers were subjected to the same security investigations as every other technology in our life (except DRM technologies).

There is no shortage of businesses that want to be able to control what their customers and competitors do with their products. When the US Copyright Office held hearings on DRM in 2015, they heard about DRM in medical implants and cars, farm equipment and voting machines. Companies have discovered that adding DRM to their products is the most robust way to control the marketplace, a cheap and reliable way to convert commercial preferences about who can repair, improve, and supply their products into legally enforceable rights.

The marketplace harms from this anti-competitive behavior are easy to see. For example, the aggressive use of DRM to prevent independent repair shops ends up diverting tons of e-waste to landfill or recycling, at the cost of local economies and the ability of people to get full use out of your property. A phone that you recycle instead of repairing is a phone you have to pay to replace -- and repair creates many more jobs than recycling (recycling a ton of e-waste creates 15 jobs; repairing it creates 150 jobs). Repair jobs are local, entrepreneurial jobs, because you don't need a lot of capital to start a repair shop, and your customers want to bring their gadgets to someone local for service (no one wants to send a phone to China for repairs -- let alone a car!).

But those economic harms are only the tip of the iceberg. Laws like DMCA 1201 incentivize DRM by promising the power to control competition, but DRM's worst harms are in the realm of security. When the W3C published EME, it bequeathed to the web an unauditable attack-surface in browsers used by billions of people for their most sensitive and risky applications. These browsers are also the control panels for the Internet of Things: the sensor-studded, actuating gadgets that can see us, hear us, and act on the physical world, with the power to boil, freeze, shock, concuss, or betray us in a thousand ways.

The gadgets themselves have DRM, intended to lock our repairs and third-party consumables, meaning that everything from your toaster to your car is becoming off-limits to scrutiny by independent researchers who can give you unvarnished, unbiased assessments of the security and reliability of these devices.

In a competitive market, you'd expect non-DRM options to proliferate in answer to this bad behavior. After all, no customer wants DRM: no car-dealer ever sold a new GM by boasting that it was a felony for your favorite mechanic to fix it.

But we don't live in an a competitive market. Laws like DMCA 1201 undermine the competition that might counter their worst effects.

The companies that fought DRM at the W3C -- browser vendors, Netflix, tech giants, the cable industry -- all trace their success to business strategies that shocked and outraged established industry when they first emerged. Cable started as unlicensed businesses that retransmitted broadcasts and charged for it. Apple's dominance started with ripping CDs and ignoring the howls of the music industry (just as Firefox got where it is by blocking obnoxious ads and ignoring the web-publishers who lost millions as a result). Of course, Netflix's revolutionary red envelopes were treated as a form of theft.

These businesses started as pirates and became admirals, and treat their origin stories as legends of plucky, disruptive entrepreneurs taking on a dinosauric and ossified establishment. But they treat any disruption aimed at them as an affront to the natural order of things. To paraphrase Douglas Adams, any technology invented in your adolescence is amazing and world-changing; anything invented after you turn 30 is immoral and needs to be destroyed.

LESSONS FROM THE W3C

Most people don't understand the risks of DRM. The topic is weird, technical, esoteric and take too long to explain. The pro-DRM side wants to make the debate about piracy and counterfeiting, and those are easy stories to tell.

But people who want DRM don't really care about that stuff, and we can prove it: just ask them if they'd be willing to promise not to use the DMCA unless someone is violating copyright, and watch them squirm and weasel about why policing copyright involves shutting down competitive activities that don't violate copyright. Point out that they didn't even question whether someone could break their DRM, because, of course, DRM is so technologically incoherent that it only works if it's against the law to understand how it works, and it can be defeated just by looking closely at it.

Ask them to promise not to invoke the DMCA against people who have discovered defects in their products and listen to them defend the idea that companies should get a veto over publication of true facts about their mistakes and demerits.

These inconvenient framings at least establish what we're fighting about, dispensing with the disingenuous arguments about copyright and moving on to the real issues: competition, accessibility, security.

This won't win the fight on its own. These are still wonky and nuanced ideas.

One thing we've learned from 15-plus years fighting DRM: it's easier to get people to take notice of procedural issues than substantive ones. We labored in vain to get people to take notice of the Broadcasting Treaty, a bafflingly complex and horribly overreaching treaty from WIPO, a UN specialized agency. No one cared until someone started stealing piles of our handouts and hiding them in the toilets so no one could read them. That was global news: it's hard to figure out what something like the Broadcast Treaty is about, but it's easy to call shenanigans when someone tries to hide your literature in the toilet so delegates don’t see the opposing view.

So it was that four years of beating the drum about DRM at the W3C barely broke the surface, but when we resigned from the W3C over the final vote, everyone sat up and took notice, asking how they could help fix things. The short answer is, "It's too late: we resigned because we had run out of options.

But the long answer is a little more hopeful. EFF is suing the US government to overturn Section 1201 of the DMCA. As we proved at the W3C, there is no appetite for making DRM unless there's a law like DMCA 1201 in the mix. DRM on its own does nothing except provide an opportunity for competitors to kick butt with innovative offerings that cost less and do more.

The Copyright Office is about to hold fresh hearings about DMCA 1201.

The W3C fight proved that we could shift the debate to the real issues. The incentives that led to the W3C being colonized by DRM are still in play and other organizations will face this threat in the years to come. We'll continue to refine this tactic there and keep fighting, and we'll keep reporting on how it goes so that you can help us fight. All we ask is that you keep paying attention. As we learned at the W3C, we can't do it without you.

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2017/10/drms-dead-canary-how-we-just-lost-web-what-we-learned-it-and-what-we-need-do-next

#w3c #eff #drm #copyfight #longreads #a11y #pwds

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blakeosuj724 · 5 years ago

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10 Reasons Why You Are Still An Amateur At Android Showbox Apk

Android

Patches to insects discovered in the core operating system commonly do not reach users of older and also lower-priced devices. Nonetheless, the open-source nature of Android permits security professionals to take existing gadgets and also adjust them for very safe and secure uses. For example, Samsung has dealt with General Characteristics through their Open Kernel Labs procurement to rebuild Jelly Bean on top of their hard microvisor for the "Knox" task.

Android 11 może znieść ograniczenia w nagrywaniu wideo. Lepiej późno niż wcale.

Offer a consistent experience with various other Android-powered gadgets for individuals and also application designers. Speedtest VPN guarantees your online personal privacy as well as protection from the comfort of your Speedtest ® mobile application. Begin protecting your link with 2 GB of totally free data over VPN per month or upgrade to Premium for endless data defense.

Furthermore, Google introduced a brand-new "target API degree demand" (targetSdkVersion in manifest) at least Android 8.0 (API level 26) for all new applications as well as application updates. The API degree need might fight method of app programmers bypassing some consent displays by defining very early Android variations that had a lot more crude permission model.

Samsung's One UI 2.5 upgrade will certainly make it possible for Google's gesture navigation in third-party launchers.

Google, he said, was assuming much more ambitiously and also the intention was to utilize their placement as a cloud companies to bring Google items right into clients' homes. Google has actually publicly expressed its disappointment for the existing patent landscape in the USA, accusing Apple, Oracle and Microsoft of attempting to remove Android via license litigation, as opposed to contending and introducing with much better services and also products. In August 2011, Google purchased Motorola Movement for US$ 12.5 billion, which was seen partly as a defensive procedure to safeguard Android, considering that Motorola Movement held more than 17,000 patents.

With Nokia re-established, the firm appears to be searching for the following frontier, and it resembles it wishes to start an added business as a mobile driver. An "HMD Connect" app has quietly appeared on the Play Store, and also going by the listing as well as the summary's photos, the Finnish business wants to focus its initiative on giving data-only plans to those that travel a great deal worldwide. After exterminating a couple of earlier attempts at dominating the chat application market, Google has made a decision to establish Messages at full speed. Thanks to the rich interaction solutions (RCS) rolling out in more and more nations, the SMS application is getting ready to come to be a possible WhatsApp or Facebook Carrier replacement for lots of people. Keeping that in mind, a straightforward photo markup editor should not be missing out on from the solution, and also Google appears to assume the same.

Android wreszcie pozwoli zadzwonić z komputera z Windowsem. Apka Twój Telefon zaktualizowana.

OEMs will no longer be barred from marketing any type of gadget running incompatible variations of Android in Europe. Android has an expanding choice of third-party applications, which can be obtained by individuals by installing the application as well as downloading and install's APK (Android application plan) documents, or by downloading them utilizing an application shop program that allows users to install, upgrade, and also eliminate applications from their devices. Google Play Store is the key application shop installed on Android devices that adhere to Google's compatibility requirements and also license the Google Mobile Solutions software application. Google Play Store allows individuals to search, download and install and upgrade applications published by Google as well as third-party designers; since July 2013 [update], there are more than one million applications readily available for Android in Play Store. Since July 2013 [upgrade], 50 billion applications have actually been installed.

In many cases it might not be possible to refute particular consents to pre-installed applications, nor be possible to disable them. The Google Play Solutions application can not be uninstalled, neither handicapped.

What must I get Thursday (Mar 19 - Your weekly tool query thread!

After assessing these approvals, the individual can pick to approve or decline them, installing the application just if they accept. In Android 6.0 "Marshmallow", the consents system was changed; applications are no more instantly granted all of their defined approvals at installment time.

Regardless of its success on smartphones, at first Android tablet computer fostering was slow-moving. Among the major causes was the hen or the egg scenario where consumers were reluctant to acquire an Android tablet because of a lack of premium quality tablet applications, but designers were hesitant to hang out as well as sources establishing tablet applications till there was a considerable market for them. The content as well as application "environment" showed more vital than hardware specs as the selling factor for tablet computers. Because of the absence of Android tablet-specific applications in 2011, early Android tablet computers needed to make do with existing smartphone applications that were improper to bigger screen dimensions, whereas the prominence of Apple's iPad was strengthened by the large number of tablet-specific iphone applications. In July 2011, Google stated that 550,000 Android gadgets were being triggered every day, up from 400,000 each day in May, and more than 100 million tools had actually been activated with 4.4% development per week.

The comprehensive variation of equipment showbox.work in Android tools has actually caused considerable hold-ups for software program upgrades and protection patches. Each upgrade has needed to be specifically tailored, a time- and resource-consuming procedure. Except for tools within the Google Nexus and Pixel brand names, updates have typically gotten here months after the release of the brand-new version, or not whatsoever. Producers often prioritize their newest devices as well as leave old ones behind. ShowBox APK permits you not only to view your favored movies and collection, but likewise to download files from the web server. Recently, the internet sites dispersing and advertising ShowBox reached a negotiation with Hollywood workshops. As part of the contract, the internet sites began cautioning individuals that if you utilize ShowBox, the motion-picture studio would certainly have the ability to see your IP address and your watching history. That's the reason the ShowBox application as well as a lot of its choices are not offered on the Google Play Store.

Where can I watch free movies without signing up?

Update (November 06, 2019) We are now seeing unconfirmed reports that Showbox is back, but the service now features major changes.

Why Choose ShowBox Over Other Applications?

It's constantly extremely suggested that you link only through your Surfshark VPN application to enjoy brand-new films and TV programs privately. Without the encrypted defense of a VPN, you might swiftly find yourself dealing with net blackouts, litigation, stolen identification, and also worse. And also I prefer to download and install flicks on my computer system, so I commonly utilize HD Video Converter Manufacturing facility to aid me. Many online streaming applications on the web are tricking in nature and also they simply try to infuse malware into your gadget. These applications request for permissions which are not needed for their regular performance.

ShowBox Application Features.

If you are facing any kind of concerns downloading and install the applications or being used them after that do not hesitate to comment below. Additionally, supply your valuable suggestions and ideas in the type of remarks in the area listed below. If you want to make use of the applications anonymously then you can attempt any kind of VPN solutions like OperaVPN which is available on Google Play Store. Video clip Downloading-- You can download and install videos straight from the Mod App with the wanted top quality.

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juniperpublishers-imst · 5 years ago

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Maintenance of Bucket Elevator (Case of the Cement Plant of El Malabiod, Algeria) - Juniper publishers

Journal of Insights in Mining Science & Technology

Abstract

The most important objective of this work is to examine the failures of the Bucket Elevator based on the cost of the parts. We use a both methods, Pareto Analysis and Ishikawa diagram, to predict areas of parts affected by breakdowns. The hexagonal head bolts and the square head bolts represent 74.92% of the total cost of the changed parts. We consider, in perspective, to review the design of elevator and apply the recommendations of the manufacturer to increase the lifespan of the lift and improve its reliability.

Keywords : Bucket Elevator; Pareto diagram; Faillure; Cost; Ishikawa diagram

Introduction

The primary concern of a company is the improvement of the safety, the maintenance and the availability of its equipment, due to their direct influences on the smooth running of the tasks, the respect of the deadlines and the increase of production. Condition monitoring in mining industry is not as well developed as it is in other branches (i.e. power engineering, oil industry etc). One of the reasons is that mine is the specific kind of company with harsh environment and dissipation of assets in wide area. There are a lot of different mechanical systems in a lignite mine but one of the most important is a transportation system [1]. According to the study reported by Mobley, from 15% to 40% (average 28%) of total production cost is attributed to maintenance activities in the factory [2]. The complexity of maintenance in modern mining systems is based on the combination and use of various resources and the characteristics of the dynamic environment in which they exist. Maintenance is usually categorized into preventive, corrective, and predictive types [3]. In NF EN 13306 standard maintenance is defined as: “the assembly of all administrative and management technical actions during the life cycle of an asset, intended to maintain or restore it in a state which in, it can perform a required function.

Face to the development and competition to competitiveness, which drives the search for quality and above ail; cost reduction, maintenance has become one of the strategic functions in the company [4]. The Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto (1848-1923) observed in 19th century Italy that 20% of the population owned 80% of the usable land [5]. Pareto chart has been used to evaluate mining equipment failure frequency. A Pareto chart is a tool which enables factors influencing a phenomenon to be organized. By means of this graphic picture it is possible to present both relative and absolute distribution of the types of errors, problems and their causes. The detection and exclusion or reduction of the problems inherent in the Bucket elevator machine using a continuous process improvement tool will be significantly valuable in the argument of reduced machine down time, minimized repetitive stops, and diminished cost of replacing spare parts and productivity increase. The principle of this paper is to analyze the functioning of strategic equipment (elevator machine), considered the most essential machines in the cement plant of El Malabiod, Algeria. Its damage causes the stopping of the production chain. The cost of lost production and maintenance caused by this blockage is very high. In this context, the Pareto chart is undoubtedly a real optimization tool maintenance cost. The present paper will characterize the maintenance of buckets elevator type 250 by the root cause analysis methodology based on the combination of Pareto Analysis and Ishikawa diagram. The Pareto analysis is used to identify the major causes while the cause-effect relationships are illustrated by a Fishbone diagram.

History of bucket elevators

Bucket elevators are the most efficient means of elevating free flowing granular materials and most materials even some sticky materials. Bucket elevators of the centrifugal discharge are normally used, and most are of belt type. Friable materials are best handled in continuous bucket elevators that operate at low speeds. The continuous buckets are discharged by gravity on the back of the preceding bucket while passing over the head pulley, thus reducing breakage caused by the centrifugal force discharge of a centrifugal elevator. Bucket elevators usually require the least amount of horsepower for vertical conveying of any conveying system. The bucket elevator has been in used in the USA for many over a century. In addition, for the most part the same basic design has been followed. Leonardo da Vinci in the 1400’s believed art was the chief instrument of man’s search for knowledge. The ancestors of the modern-day bucket elevator first appeared at these devices were predominantly used for elevating water by the use of pots attached to an endless rope. It is believed that the water used for the famous Hanging Gardens of Semiramus was brought up to a height of 300 feet by this means. A remarkable achievement, having regard to the fact that modern elevators rarely work to heights greater than 150 feet. Since this time, the bucket elevator has gone through a period of evolution. There was a flourish of activity in elevator design and patents between 1850 and 1930. Since that time there has been very little new work or mathematically supported designs developed. As Leonardo da Vinic said, “Art is never finished, only abandoned”, this can be said for the design of bucket elevators, development has been abandoned [6].

Practical Use of a Pareto Chart for Evaluating Bucket Elevator Failure Frequency

In the mining industry a Pareto chart is used to monitor and control mining machines (a cutter-loader, chain conveyor, belt conveyor, crushers as well as power supply and control equipment) which are an important element of the mining process. It is important to evaluate these machines’ failure frequency and reliability as well as to find which of the discovered causes responsible for the high failure rate may be eliminated in the first place [7].

Using one of the important quality management tools a Pareto chart. A Pareto chart has been constructed according to the following steps:

a) Data on the type of failures of the Bucket elevator type 250 has been collected.

b) Spare parts have been assigned to particular failures with costs.

c) Cumulative percentage values have been calculated (Cost of the different replacement parts of the elevator with their cumulative percentage)

Description of the the bucket elevator

The bucket elevator has the advantages of big conveying capacity, high hoisting height, stable and reliable operation and long service life. Performance and parameter are in accordance with JB3926-85 Vertical Bucket Elevator, which is consistent with the international and foreign advanced standards and the towing circle chain is in accordance with MT36-80 High-Strength Circle Chain for Mine. The machine is applicable for conveying the power, grain and block materials, such as coal, cement, block, sand, clay and ore. The bucket elevator can convey materials with high temperature when armed with special circle chain structure (Figure 1). The bucket takes the materials from the storage silo below, follows the conveyor to the top, around the top wheel and then turns to the bottom, and pours material into the acceptance trough at the end. The conveyor which drives the belt bucket elevator is always the rubber belt, it is installed in the drive roller at the top or bottom and in the changing roller at both sides. But for the type 250 chain bucket elevator, it is always to install two parallel drive chains, with chain wheel torque and that of change to upper or lower. Generally, the bucket elevator is equipped with the hull to prevent floating dust.

Application of the pareto method

In Table 1, we present the cost of the various replacement parts of the elevator with their percentage. We present the Pareto diagram in Figure 2.

Interpretation of pareto chart

Zone A: Parts number 1, 2 & 3 (hex bolt, 10-link chain strand, full hex head bolt and M36x80 square bolt respectively) account for 74.92% of the total cost of the parts changed. It should be noted that this zone (A) is the most important one that must be given priority.

Zone B: In this area the maintenance actions on the parts, 5, 6, 7.11 represent 21.35% of the total cost of the faulty parts. By analyzing the historical file, it is noted that the causes of these failures are related to a design error, and zone (B) has lower costs compared to the first zone.

Zone C: Contains 50% of the number of rooms, and it represents only 3.73% of total cost, we contend that it is the smallest zone compared to the first two zones.

Ishikawa diagram (Figure 3)

Cause-and-effect diagrams or Ishikawa diagrams (Fish bone diagram) is one of the seven basic tools of quality, which is used to identify potential factors causing an overall effect. This technique helps the users to identify the top causes that need to be addressed to resolve the 80% of the problems. Once the major causes are identified, tools like the Ishikawa diagram or Fish-bone diagram can be used to illustrate the root causes of the problems. Then efforts can be made to remove the major obstacles in order to develop a more sustainable process [8]. To try to surpass this problem is to know all the causes that may give rise to know ‘’ the five M: Machine, Materials, Methods, Manpower and Milieu, to deduce the causes (Table 2).

Interpretation of ishikawa diagram:

According to Ishikawa diagram, we may hire the following:

Material: Inappropriate quality of replacement parts and lubricant quality are the most factors affecting the profitability of the machine.

Environment: The dusty environment is the major factor that increases downtime.

Manpower: The lack of training and qualification of workforce are major problems it is necessary to resolve.

Machines: The machines are typically used in reduced condition (poor lubrication, improper adjustment).

Method: The absence of information on the state of the machine and the ineptitude of the corrective maintenance makes the task of maintenance personnel difficult.

Proposition

To provide solutions that improve maintenance and increase the lifespan of the equipment (elevator) we propose the application of the maintenance range based on the manufacturer’s recommendations with the aim of:

a) Eliminate air and material leaks.

b) Cleaning of the installations, and their surroundings.

c) Operate the hoists on elevators before the long stop (or replace them)

d) Return to service of emergency stops for carriers

e) Infrared bar control before long stop or inspection of busbar during stop

f) Rehabilitation of the protection of rotating installations

g) Cleaning the workplace.

Conclusion

The failures problems of buckets elevator in cement plant of El Malabiod are analyzed. Pareto chart and Cause and- Effect Diagram are used to identify and evaluate different defects and causes for these failures responsible for breakdowns of buckets elevator. According to the Pareto analysis Parts (hex bolt, 10-link chain strand, full hex head bolt and M36x80 square bolt respectively) account for 74.92% of the total cost of the replacement parts. It should be noted that this part is the most important that must be given priority.

According to the root cause, the preventive maintenance action is recommended to reduce defects in order to minimize the replacement of parts.

Acknowledgement

The authors wish to register their heartfelt gratitude to all management staff and workers of cement plant of El Malabiod (Algeria) for supporting us with necessary technical information and giving feedback about the failure modes for drilling machine.

To Know More About Insights in Mining Science & Technology click on: https://juniperpublishers.com/imst/index.php

To Know More About Open Access Journals Please click on: https://juniperpublishers.com/index.php

#Juniper Publishers #Open Access Journals #Juniper publisher reviews #Journal of mining science #Mining Science & Technology #Peer review Journals

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jobsaggregation2 · 5 years ago

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Patent Attorney - Philadelphia, PA

Join an intellectual property practice specializing in electrical, chemical, and manufacturing engineering technologies to fulfill the following roles: Invention disclosure meetings with clients, and preparation of new patent applications. Analysis and preparation of replies to USPTO or overseas agencies. Preparation and prosecution of trademark applications. Study of patents and prosecution history files for opinions of non-infringement or invalidity. Drafting and reviewing technology licensing agreements and related transactions. Support of litigation handled by senior attorneys. Handle re-examination requests and reissue applications, petitions, and appeals. Take on a position with a company offering a generous compensation package with competitive bonuses, company paid health and wellness benefits, company matched 401(k), profit sharing, stock options, and pension. Vacation time from start with paid time off for personal days, sick days, and holidays. For complete details contact Mason Ingling at: (609) 584-9000 ext 239 Or submit resume online at: dmc9.com/mpi/app.asp Or email to: 1000042225_10007348 AT jobbank303.com Please reference #39145145 when responding. Education Requirements: Bachelor Degree Minimum Experience Requirements: 2-5 years Job City Location: Philadelphia Job State Location: PA Job Country Location: USA Salary Range: $80,000to $120,000 Diedre Moire Corporation, Inc. Diedremoire_dot_com WE ARE AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER and our employment decisions are made without regard to race, color, religion, age, sex, national origin, handicap, disability or marital status. We reasonably accommodate individuals with handicaps, disabilities and bona fide religious beliefs. Jobs Career Position Hiring. CONSIDERED EXPERIENCE INCLUDES: Patent Attorney Associate Patent Agent Patent Prosecution Intellectual Property Practice #DiedreMoire #PatentAttorneyJobs #JobSearch #JobHunt #JobOpening #Hiring #Job #Jobs #Careers #Employment #jobposting DISCLAIMER: We will make every effort to consider applications for all available positions and shall use one or more of the contact methods and addresses indicated in resume or online application. Indicated location may be proximate or may be desirable point of embarkation for paid or unpaid relocation to another venue. Job descriptions may fit single or multiple presently available or anticipated positions and are NOT an offer of employment or contract implied or otherwise. Described compensation is not definite nor precise and may be estimated and approximate and is negotiable depending on market conditions and candidate availability and other factors and is solely at the discretion of employers. Linguistics used herein may use First Person Singular and First Person Plural grammatical person construction for and with the meaning of Third Person Singular and Third Person Plural references. We reserves the right to amend and change responsibilities to meet business and organizational needs as necessary. Response to a specific posting or advertisement may result in consideration for other opportunities and not necessarily the incentive or basis of the response. Nothing herein is or may be considered a promise, guarantee, offer, pledge, agreement, contract, or oath. If you submit an application or resume which contains your email address, we will use that email address to communicate with you about this and other positions. We use an email quality control service to maintain security and a remove and dead address filter. To cancel receiving email communications, simply send an email from your address with the word "remove" in the subject line to pleaseremove_AT_candseek4.com Or, visit the website at jobbankremove_dot_com. If you have further concern regarding email received from us, call (609) 584-5499. Reference : Patent Attorney - Philadelphia, PA jobs from Latest listings added - JobsAggregation http://jobsaggregation.com/jobs/technology/patent-attorney-philadelphia-pa_i7108

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nox-lathiaen · 5 years ago

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Patent Attorney - Philadelphia, PA

Join an intellectual property practice specializing in electrical, chemical, and manufacturing engineering technologies to fulfill the following roles: Invention disclosure meetings with clients, and preparation of new patent applications. Analysis and preparation of replies to USPTO or overseas agencies. Preparation and prosecution of trademark applications. Study of patents and prosecution history files for opinions of non-infringement or invalidity. Drafting and reviewing technology licensing agreements and related transactions. Support of litigation handled by senior attorneys. Handle re-examination requests and reissue applications, petitions, and appeals. Take on a position with a company offering a generous compensation package with competitive bonuses, company paid health and wellness benefits, company matched 401(k), profit sharing, stock options, and pension. Vacation time from start with paid time off for personal days, sick days, and holidays. For complete details contact Mason Ingling at: (609) 584-9000 ext 239 Or submit resume online at: dmc9.com/mpi/app.asp Or email to: 1000042225_10007348 AT jobbank303.com Please reference #39145145 when responding. Education Requirements: Bachelor Degree Minimum Experience Requirements: 2-5 years Job City Location: Philadelphia Job State Location: PA Job Country Location: USA Salary Range: $80,000to $120,000 Diedre Moire Corporation, Inc. Diedremoire_dot_com WE ARE AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER and our employment decisions are made without regard to race, color, religion, age, sex, national origin, handicap, disability or marital status. We reasonably accommodate individuals with handicaps, disabilities and bona fide religious beliefs. Jobs Career Position Hiring. CONSIDERED EXPERIENCE INCLUDES: Patent Attorney Associate Patent Agent Patent Prosecution Intellectual Property Practice #DiedreMoire #PatentAttorneyJobs #JobSearch #JobHunt #JobOpening #Hiring #Job #Jobs #Careers #Employment #jobposting DISCLAIMER: We will make every effort to consider applications for all available positions and shall use one or more of the contact methods and addresses indicated in resume or online application. Indicated location may be proximate or may be desirable point of embarkation for paid or unpaid relocation to another venue. Job descriptions may fit single or multiple presently available or anticipated positions and are NOT an offer of employment or contract implied or otherwise. Described compensation is not definite nor precise and may be estimated and approximate and is negotiable depending on market conditions and candidate availability and other factors and is solely at the discretion of employers. Linguistics used herein may use First Person Singular and First Person Plural grammatical person construction for and with the meaning of Third Person Singular and Third Person Plural references. We reserves the right to amend and change responsibilities to meet business and organizational needs as necessary. Response to a specific posting or advertisement may result in consideration for other opportunities and not necessarily the incentive or basis of the response. Nothing herein is or may be considered a promise, guarantee, offer, pledge, agreement, contract, or oath. If you submit an application or resume which contains your email address, we will use that email address to communicate with you about this and other positions. We use an email quality control service to maintain security and a remove and dead address filter. To cancel receiving email communications, simply send an email from your address with the word "remove" in the subject line to pleaseremove_AT_candseek4.com Or, visit the website at jobbankremove_dot_com. If you have further concern regarding email received from us, call (609) 584-5499. Reference : Patent Attorney - Philadelphia, PA jobs Source: http://jobrealtime.com/jobs/technology/patent-attorney-philadelphia-pa_i7524

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patentserviceusa · 6 years ago

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Design patent ideas quickly with the help of Patent Services USA

Learn the history of patenting and how to design patent ideas successfully

A patent is basically legal documentation or license given to an inventor, which in turn gives his/her invention exclusive ownership by the government of that country. Design patent ideas with ease and simplicity.

Prior to designing an idea, we must know the kind of patents available in the market:

Types of Patents

There are three types of basic patents:

Utility Patent: The most common patent type and used by approximately 90% of inventors to design patent ideas. Meanwhile, a utility patent is issued for the invention of new and essential processes, the machine, and manufacture also a composition of matter. Utility patents can go up to twenty years. A utility patent protects the way a product is used and performs its work.

Design Patent: It is issued for a new, original, and ornamental design embodied in or applied to an article of manufacture. A design patent protects the way a product's visuals.

Plant Patent: It is issued for a new and distinct, invented or discovered asexually reproduced plant.

Steps how to design patent ideas and making them public

1. The source of an idea is important. Keep a record of it and also of the step by step progress needed for it.

2. Do good research on your idea to make sure it is eligible for patenting under established patent laws.

3. Build a prototype of your invention when filing a patent.Design patent ideas step by step.

4. Prepare the patent application and understand the cost incurred, type of the patent and the possible provisional patents.

5. File your patent application to obtain the actual patent that takes care of your invention or design.

Looking for the avenues where you can design patent ideas beautifully?

Fret not we at patent services usa provides varied ideas to design patent ideas. From which you can choose your best design. Designing an idea is an important process to understand so that you can protect your ideas from theft and robbery. Unfortunately, the filing process can be troublesome if you’ve never done it before. Above all, you should know whether you can patent an idea or not? Actually, No. Ideas alone cannot be patented.

You can only get a patent on the invention generated from an idea. That’s it. The invention should be actually produced or a description of the invention must be included with the patent application.

But wait, are you the right person, to apply for a patent?

In order to obtain a patent, you must:

1.) Be the inventor of the idea

2.) You must have been assigned the invention by another person

3.) Should be the legal a representative of the deceased inventor

4.) Either be the co-inventor or apply for a patent as joint inventors

Following your Application

Why Hire an Experienced Patent Lawyer?

It is crucial to hire a good patent lawyer. A patent lawyer not just files a patent for you but also design patent ideas for you. An experienced patent lawyer takes care that the patent you submit and the idea you generate should be protected and gives you the highest form of protection by offering you a monopoly by making your patent application as strong as possible with solid claims.

Tasks a patent lawyer performs

For a patent lawyer to offer you a monopoly, it requires a strong patent with solid claims.

A patent lawyer not only helps you draft a patent application but also helps you:

• Determine the patentability of the item and whether it is new, non-obvious and useful

• Create and document all application documents including descriptions, claims, drawings, etc.

• Do patent research in the US to prevent patent infringement

• File the regular or provisional patent application

• Pay for the applicable patent application fees

• Defend your patent during the application examination process

Drafting a temporary patent application could easily take hours of research, patent searching, and reading, following a certain terminology and creating drawings per application. In short, design patent ideas chronologically i.e.filing and designing to make it an easy process.

To sum up, the design patent protects the non-functional aesthetics of a patentable subject matter. The item is still required to meet the subject-matter requirements of a patent, as the design is generally inseparable from the item to which it is attached.

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optometrist0 · 7 years ago

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