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The Importance of Emergency Plumbing Services in Albany, NY
In the midst of a plumbing crisis, time is of the essence. Whether it's a burst pipe flooding your home or a malfunctioning water heater leaving you in the cold, emergencies like these demand immediate attention. Fortunately, Albany, NY, residents can rely on emergency plumbing services to come to their rescue when disaster strikes.
Understanding Emergency Plumbing Services: Emergency plumbing services in Albany, NY, are specialized services designed to address urgent plumbing issues that occur unexpectedly, often outside of regular business hours. These services prioritize rapid response and quick resolution to minimize damage and restore functionality to your plumbing system.
The Importance of Prompt Response: When faced with a plumbing emergency, every minute counts. Delaying action can exacerbate the problem, leading to extensive water damage, mold growth, and structural issues in your home. Emergency plumbing services understand the urgency of the situation and are equipped to respond promptly, day or night, ensuring that your home is protected from further damage.
Common Plumbing Emergencies:
Burst Pipes: Sudden temperature drops or aging pipes can cause pipes to burst, resulting in significant water damage.
Clogged Drains: Stubborn clogs can lead to overflowing sinks or toilets, creating a messy and unsanitary situation.
Water Heater Malfunctions: A malfunctioning water heater can deprive you of hot water when you need it most, disrupting your daily routine.
Benefits of Emergency Plumbing Services:
24/7 Availability: Emergency plumbing services are available round the clock, including weekends and holidays, ensuring that help is always just a phone call away.
Rapid Response: Experienced technicians respond swiftly to emergencies, arriving at your doorstep equipped with the tools and expertise to resolve the issue promptly.
Prevent Further Damage: By addressing emergencies promptly, emergency plumbing services help prevent further damage to your property, saving you time, money, and stress in the long run.
Peace of Mind: Knowing that you have access to reliable emergency plumbing services provides peace of mind, allowing you to rest assured that help is available when you need it most.
Choosing Ewtompkins for Emergency Plumbing Service: Choosing Ewtompkins for emergency plumbing service in Albany, NY, ensures you partner with a reputable and reliable team. With years of experience serving the Albany Ewtompkins Plumbing understands the urgency of plumbing emergencies and prioritizes prompt response times.
Conclusion: In times of crisis, having access to emergency plumbing services can make all the difference. Whether it's a burst pipe or a clogged drain, these services offer prompt response and expert solutions to protect your home and restore peace of mind. Don't wait until disaster strikes – be proactive and ensure that you have Ewtompkins a trusted emergency plumbing service on standby to help you navigate any plumbing emergency with confidence.
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Importance of Engaging a Prof
Delegating your pipes and gas suitable demands to a qualified specialist is paramount. A qualified plumbing undertakes strenuous training, ensuring they stick to safety standards and provide high quality work. Inaccurate installments or repairs can cause unsafe situations, including gas leakages or water damages. In both property and commercial buildings, working with a qualified plumbing not just assures the safety of the owners but also preserves the honesty and worth of the residential property.
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The Progression of Service Plumbing Solutions
In the extensive world of pipes, commercial pipes differentiates itself as a customized area, providing professional services to services and large jobs. Unlike its property equivalent, commercial pipes addresses the ins and outs of facility systems in skyscrapers, manufacturing facilities, and public spaces, which need consistent maintenance to prevent pricey interruptions and ensure seamless procedures. Leveraging innovative innovation, modern commercial plumbing technicians use advanced tools such as high-resolution video cameras for comprehensive pipeline evaluations and hydro-jetting to clear consistent obstructions. Furthermore, eco-friendly services and water conservation have actually ended up being top priorities, reflecting the market's commitment to sustainability. As services remain to expand and broaden, the relevance of commercial pipes just increases, making certain the safety and performance of water supply for all.
Urgent Plumbing Services: A Beacon in Emergencies
Homeowners can take a breath a sigh of alleviation knowing that emergency situation pipes services are simply a phone call away. These heroes of the profession are ready to spring into activity at a moment's notice, equipped with the expertise and devices to tackle any type of pipes crisis that comes their way. Whether it's a pipeline that's burst, a commode that's overruning, or a drainpipe that's obstructed, they'll function relentlessly to minimize damages and recover order to your home as rapidly as possible. With their swift reaction times and innovative tools, they're the ultimate problem-solvers in a pipes emergency situation. So, while routine maintenance can certainly help stop problems, having a trusted emergency situation pipes service on hand is a clever move for any type of homeowner.
Essential Restaurant Plumbers
In the busy world of dining establishments, pipes plays an crucial duty. From the cooking area to the restrooms, a seamless pipes system makes sure smooth procedures. Dining establishment pipes services focus on resolving the special challenges dealt with by eateries, such as oil trap maintenance, high-volume water use, and quick wastewater disposal. A small leak or blockage can interrupt service, resulting in possible earnings loss and unsatisfied consumers. In addition, health and wellness regulations mandate routine evaluations and maintenance to stop contamination and ensure sanitation. By partnering with specialist dining establishment pipes services, restaurateurs can ensure optimum capability, longevity, and compliance. Essentially, a durable pipes system is as crucial to a dining establishment's success as its cooking offerings.
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Reliable Plumbers Albany NY
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Professional Plumbers for Drain Cleaning Services in Albany, CA
UTZO is the fastest & most reliable plumbing services company, actively engaged in providing drain cleaning services in Albany, CA. UTZO’s plumbing professionals are available 24/7 to perform drain repair & maintenance services, including drain cleaning, drain breakage replacement, drain chemical treatment, reroute the drains, drain installation and replacement, drain breakage repair, and clear clogged drains for both residential and commercial in Albany, California.
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Save More On Georgia Plumbing Solutions With Our Round The Clock Accessible Helpdesk!
If your Plumbing systems need any installation, maintenance and installation services then reach out to our Best Plumbers In Georgia. At our platform- trusted captain, our professional plumbers respect your place, time and money as well. Connecting with us means that you are going to get quick solutions from one of the Best Plumbers In Georgia. Plumbers which are going to serve you highly skilled, knowledgeable and dedicated professionals. All our plumbers are passionate about the plumbing solutions that’s why they ensure that you get the best and most Affordable Plumbing Supply from our platform. If you have any plumbing issues with your commercial or residential plumbing we encourage you to make us a call on our helpdesk immediately.
If you are unsure while connecting us? Know the exception benefits our platform are listed below:
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Get Connected With Georgia Plumbing Specialists Over A Single Call Now!
We understand the complex plumbing issues and the need for Emergency Plumber In Georgia. Plumbing solutions offered by our platform – Trusted Captain is highly customizable and can be managed by certified and Best Plumbers In Georgia. Don’t get tensed over anything make a use a call even in the odd hours and leave all your plumbing issues on our certified plumbers as we believe that complex plumbing issues can be resolved only by the experienced plumbing specialists.
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We offer complete commercial or residential plumbing services with the help of our Best Plumbers In Georgia. Services which are not easily available can be availed from our platform as our plumbers are well trained and dedicated to offering you the genuine Emergency plumbing services. Our plumbing services are not only reliable but also they meet your needs and offer you the best solutions. This is the only place where you can find the pleasant, responsible and Best Plumbers In Georgia. We can assure that our every plumbing work is very important for us. So don’t waste your time anymore just call us on our helpline number.
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Installation & repairing of commercial plumbing.
Sewer and drain cleaning services.
Fittings and replacements of broken or blocked pipelines.
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Global Construction Lasers Market is Expected to Reach $3,363.0 Million by 2025
The global construction lasers market is expected to reach $3,363.0 million by 2025, from $2,394.6 million in 2017, growing at a CAGR of 4.4% from 2018 to 2025. Construction lasers are used at construction sites for accurate measurement of length, angle, alignment, and elevation.
In construction and surveying applications, the laser level is a measurement tool, which consists of a laser beam projector affixed to a tripod or used in a handy manner. The tool is leveled according to the accuracy of the device and projects a fixed green or red beam about the vertical and/or horizontal axis. The following are a few indoor and outdoor applications of construction lasers, in which aligning and plumbing walls, leveling floors, ensuring ease of installation in drop ceiling, checking door or window heights easily, installing chair rails and wainscoting in homes, and aligning shelves, cabinets, and trims are indoor applications of laser levels. Whereas, outdoor applications of laser levels include using for any type of basic surveys, facilitating masonry alignment, conducting site layout, checking land elevations, aligning fences, posts, and decks, and contouring farming or drainage.
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New infrastructure has been constructed globally to cater to the requirement of growth in population. This, in turn, drives the growth of the residential and commercial building sectors. Furthermore, there is an increase in the global demand for construction lasers, owing to the development of smart cities in many countries. In addition, the emerging economies provide favorable environment for construction of different residential and commercial complexes. The region has increased its spending on improving the existing infrastructure, owing to the growing need among the local population. This expenditure results in the launch of new construction projects, which provide lucrative opportunities for the growth of the construction lasers market. However, construction lasers require regular maintenance for proper functioning. Therefore, factors, such as high maintenance cost and frequent replacement of diodes and other laser beam generators, impede the growth of the construction lasers market.
Key benefits for Construction Lasers Market:
- The study provides an in-depth analysis of the global construction lasers industry along with the current trends & future estimations to elucidate imminent investment pockets.
- Information about key drivers, restraints, opportunities, and their impact analysis on the market is provided.
- Porter's Five Forces analysis illustrates the potency of buyers & suppliers that operate in the industry.
- The quantitative analysis of the construction lasers market from 2018 to 2025 is provided to determine the market potential.
Construction Lasers Key Market Segments:
By Product
- Rotary level laser
- Liner laser level
- Plumb/dot laser
- Others
By Range
- 1ft to 100ft
- 101ft to 200ft
- 201ft and above
By Region
North America
- U.S.
- Canada
- Mexico
Europe
- Germany
- U.K.
- France
- Russia
- Rest of Europe
Asia-Pacific
- China
- Japan
- India
- South Korea
- Rest of Asia-Pacific
LAMEA
- Latin America
- Middle-East
- Africa
KEY MARKET PLAYERS PROFILED IN THE REPORT
- AdirPro
- Stanley Black & Decker, Inc.
- Hilti Corporation
- Johnson Level & Tool Mfg. Co., Inc.
- Kapro Industries Ltd.
- Pacific Laser Systems (Fortive Corporation)
- Robert Bosch GmbH
- STABILA Messgerte Gustav Ullrich GmbH
- Trimble, Inc. (Spectra Precision)
- Topcon Corporation (Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc.)
Browse Full Report With TOC@ https://www.kdmarketinsights.com/product/construction-lasers-market-amrr
Table of Contents@
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1. Report description
1.2. Key Benefits
1.3. Key Segments
1.4. Key Market Players Profiled In The Report
1.5. Research methodology
1.5.1. Secondary research
1.5.2. Primary research
1.5.3. Analyst tools & models
Chapter 2: Executive summary
2.1. CXO perspective
Chapter 3: MARKET OVERVIEW
3.1. Market definition and scope
3.2. Key findings
3.2.1. Top investment pockets
3.2.2. Top winning strategies
3.3. Porter’s Five Forces analysis
3.4. Top players positioning
3.5. Market dynamics
3.5.1. Drivers
3.5.1.1. Rapid increase in construction industry
3.5.1.2. Growth in urbanization and wide application of construction lasers in modern buildings
3.5.2. Restraints
3.5.2.1. Laser hazards
3.5.2.2. High set-up cost and periodic maintenance
3.5.3. Opportunities
3.5.3.1. Increase in demand in the emerging economies
3.5.3.2. High investments in R&D and advancements in technology
Chapter 4: Construction lasers MARKET, by product
4.1. Overview
4.1.1. Market size and forecast
4.2. Rotary level lasers
4.2.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities by region
4.2.2. Market size and forecast
4.2.3. Market analysis by country
4.3. Line laser levels
4.3.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities by region
4.3.2. Market size and forecast
4.3.3. Market analysis by country
4.4. Plumb/Dot lasers
4.4.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities by region
4.4.2. Market size and forecast
4.4.3. Market analysis by country
4.5. Others
4.5.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities by region
4.5.2. Market size and forecast
4.5.3. Market analysis by country
Continue…
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About KD Market Insights
KD Market Insights has come with the idea of helping business by intelligent decision making and thorough understanding of the industry. We offer a comprehensive database of syndicated research, customized reports as well as consulting services to help a business grow in their respective domain. At KD Market Insights, we offer our client a deep Market research reports accompanied by business consulting services that can help them to reach on top of the corporate world. Our customized reports are built by keeping all factors of the industry in mind.
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Telephone: +1-518-300-1215
Email: - [email protected]
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#Construction Lasers Market#Construction Lasers Market Size#Construction Lasers Market Share#Construction Lasers Market Growth#Construction Lasers Market Trends
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The Other COVID Risks: How Race, Income, ZIP Code Influence Who Lives Or Dies
It started with a headache in late March. Then came the body aches.
At first, Shalondra Rollins’ doctor thought it was the flu. By April 7, three days after she was finally diagnosed with COVID-19, the 38-year-old teaching assistant told her mom she was feeling winded. Within an hour, she was in an ambulance, conscious but struggling to breathe, bound for a hospital in Jackson, Mississippi.
An hour later, she was dead.
“I never in a million years thought I would get a call saying she was gone,” said her mother, Cassandra Rollins, 55. “I want the world to know she wasn’t just a statistic. She was a wonderful person. She was loved.”
Shalondra Rollins, a mother of two, had a number of factors that put her at higher risk of dying from COVID-19. Like her mother, she had diabetes. She was black, with a low-salary job.
And she lived in Mississippi, whose population is among the unhealthiest in the country.
She was one of 193 Mississippi residents who have died of COVID-19, and one of more than 4,800 with confirmed illnesses.
Doctors know that people with underlying health conditions ― such as the 40% of Americans who live with diabetes, hypertension, asthma and other chronic diseases ― are more vulnerable to COVID-19. So are patients without access to intensive care or mechanical ventilators.
Yet some public health experts contend that social and economic conditions ― long overlooked by government leaders, policymakers and the public ― are even more powerful indicators of who will survive the pandemic. A toxic mix of racial, financial and geographic disadvantage can prove deadly.
“Most epidemics are guided missiles attacking those who are poor, disenfranchised and have underlying health problems,” said Dr. Thomas Frieden, a former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Federal health officials have known for nearly a decade which communities are most likely to suffer devastating losses ― both in lives and jobs ― during a disease outbreak or other major disaster. In 2011, the CDC created the Social Vulnerability Index to rate all the nation’s counties on factors such as poverty, housing and access to vehicles that predict their ability to prepare, cope and recover from disasters.
Download The Data
Download the county-level data (.zip)
Yet the country has neglected to respond to warning signs that these communities ― where people already live sicker and die younger than those in more affluent areas ― could be devastated by a pandemic, said Dr. Otis Brawley, a professor at Johns Hopkins University.
“This is a failure of American society to take care of the Americans who need help the most,” Brawley said. Although vulnerable counties are scattered throughout the country, they are concentrated across the South, in a belt of deprivation stretching from coastal North Carolina to the Mexican border and deserts of the Southwest.
Some of the most vulnerable communities are in Mississippi, which has the highest poverty rate of any state; Indian reservations in New Mexico, the second-poorest state, where thousands of households lack running water; and cities such as Memphis, Tennessee, a hot spot for asthma that recently ranked among the bottom 15 metro areas in offering safe, livable housing to its residents.
The first U.S. COVID-19 cases were detected in metropolitan areas, with Hispanics and blacks making up a disproportionate number of deaths in New York City. Outbreaks are now flaring in rural communities, the South and Upper Midwest. Both the New Orleans and Albany, Georgia, areas have infection rates above 1% of their populations. More than 1,600 people have been diagnosed with COVID-19 in the Sioux Falls, South Dakota, home to a meat-packing plant that employs immigrants and refugees from around the world.
Whether COVID-19 patients live or die probably depends more on their baseline health than whether they have access to an intensive care bed, Brawley said. Some hospitals report that only about 20% of COVID-19 patients on ventilators survive.
Many public health experts fear that COVID-19 will follow the same trajectory as HIV and AIDS, which began as a disease of big coastal cities ― New York, Los Angeles and San Francisco ― but quickly entrenched in the black community and in the South, which is considered the epicenter of the nation’s HIV/AIDS outbreak today.
Like HIV and AIDS, the first COVID-19 cases in the United States were diagnosed in “jet-setters and people who traveled to Europe and other places,” said Dr. Carlos del Rio, professor of infectious diseases at the Emory University Rollins School of Public Health. “As it settles in America, [COVID-19] is now disproportionately impacting minority populations, just like HIV.”
Mississippi: The Legacy Of Segregation
One in 5 Mississippi residents live in poverty.
It is also in the heart of the “Stroke Belt,” a band of 11 Southern states where obesity, hypertension and smoking contribute to an elevated rate of strokes. Blacks make up 38% of the state population ― but more than half of COVID-19 infections in which race is known. They also account for nearly two-thirds of deaths from the virus, according to the state health department.
Medical and socioeconomic conditions put Mississippians at higher risk of COVID-19 in several ways, said Frieden, now CEO of Resolve to Save Lives, a global public health initiative.
People in low-income or minority communities are more likely to work in jobs that expose them to the virus ― in factories or grocery stores and public transit, for example. They’re less likely to have paid sick leave and more likely to live in crowded housing. They have high rates of chronic illness. They also have less access to health care, especially routine preventive services. Mississippi is one of 14 states that have not expanded Medicaid.
“If they do have chronic conditions such as hypertension or diabetes,” Frieden said, “the health system doesn’t work as well for them, and they are less likely to have it under control.”
Minority communities suffer the legacy of segregation, which has trapped generations in a downward economic spiral, said Dr. Steven Woolf, a professor at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond.
“The fact that African Americans are more likely to die of heart disease is not an accident,” Woolf said. “COVID-19 is a very fresh, vivid example of an old problem.”
Research shows that “stress, economic disadvantage, economic deprivation not only affect the people experiencing it, but it’s passed on from one generation to another,” Woolf said.
Tonja Sesley-Baymon, president and CEO of the Memphis Urban League, noted that social distancing is a privilege of the affluent. Just getting to work can put people at risk if they ride the bus. “If you take public transportation, social distancing is not an option for you,” she said.
Cassandra Rollins with daughter Shalondra(Courtesy of the Rollins family)
Dr. LouAnn Woodward, the University of Mississippi Medical Center’s top executive, has treated many people in the emergency room whose life-threatening crises could have been prevented with routine care. She’s seen diabetes patients with blood sugar levels high enough to put them in a coma.
Health insurance is only part of the problem, she said. When Woodward asked one woman why she waited so long to seek treatment for her breast tumor, the woman said, “I just got a ride.”
Cassandra Rollins, the youngest of 11 siblings, knows hardship. Two of her sisters were murdered. She helped raise their children, who are now grown.
She raised four of her own children as a single mother. Shalondra, the eldest, often acted as a second mom to her brother 18 years younger. Shalondra even attended her brother’s parent-teacher conferences when her mother couldn’t leave work.
In September, her brother died by suicide at age 20.
When her daughter was diagnosed with COVID-19, Cassandra Rollins said, “we had just gotten to a point where we didn’t cry every day.”
The Navajo: Health Suffers In Food Deserts
The coronavirus is battering impoverished communities. More than 1,200 COVID-19 cases and 48 deaths have been diagnosed in the Navajo Nation, the country’s largest Indian reservation, located on 27,000 square miles at the junction of Arizona, New Mexico and Utah.
There are few hospitals in the region, an area the size of West Virginia, and most lack intensive care units.
The communities that make up the Navajo Nation have among the worst scores on the CDC’s Social Vulnerability Index. Thirty-nine percent of residents live in poverty.
With a shortage of adequate housing, many live in modest homes with up to 10 people under one roof, said Jonathan Nez, Navajo Nation president. That can make it harder to contain the virus.
“We’re social people,” Nez said. “We take care of our elders at home.”
The first residents tested positive in mid-March, and cases skyrocketed within weeks. In the eight counties comprising the Navajo, Hopi and Zuni nations, 1,930 residents have tested positive and 79 have died. That’s more cases per 100,000 residents than the Washington, D.C., area.
The Navajo Nation has taken aggressive steps to control the outbreak, including weekend curfews enforced by checkpoints and patrols.
But more than 30% of its households lack a toilet or running water, according to the Navajo Water Project, a nonprofit that installs plumbing in homes. Residents often drive long distances to fill containers with water, Nez said.
Having no running water makes it difficult to properly wash hands to prevent coronavirus infections.
Navajo patients with diabetes have long struggled to clean skin infections, said Dr. Valory Wangler, chief medical officer at Rehoboth McKinley Christian Health Care Services in Gallup, New Mexico.
Maintaining a healthy weight on the reservation is challenging, Nez said. Residents commonly spend hours daily traveling by car to and from work, leaving little time to exercise or cook. While the region has fast-food restaurants, far fewer stores sell fresh fruits and vegetables, he said, adding, “we’re in a food desert.”
Memphis: Childhood Diseases Take Their Toll
Most children with COVID-19 are at low risk of death. But many adults felled by the disease suffer the long-term effects of health damage they suffered as children, such as lead exposure or asthma, said Brawley of Johns Hopkins.
More than 208,000 homes in Memphis, Tennessee, pose potential lead hazards. Lead ― toxic at any level ― can cause brain damage and lead to hypertension and kidney disease, conditions that increase the risk of complications in COVID-19 patients.
Shelby County, which includes Memphis, is home to 937,000 residents, 14% of the state’s population. Its COVID-19 burden is outsized, representing one-quarter of the cases and deaths in Tennessee. Where race is known, most patients have been black.
The National Center for Healthy Housing ranked Memphis the worst metropolitan area for housing in 2013, although its rating has since improved slightly.
Memphis, with older housing stock and one of the poorest big U.S. cities, is a hot spot for asthma, which afflicts up to 13.5% of its children. The CDC has said that people with asthma may be at higher risk from COVID-19, although some hospitals haven’t seen higher death rates in this population.
Blacks are almost three times as likely to die of asthma as whites, according to the Health and Human Services’ Office of Minority Health. Many children develop asthma after being exposed to tobacco smoke or substandard housing with dust mites, cockroaches, rodents and molds. Some suffer for a lifetime.
Many poor people can’t afford asthma medications and have no regular source of medical care to monitor their disease, said Dr. Robin Womeodu, chief medical officer at Methodist University Hospital.
Asthma patients often go through “a revolving door in and out of the emergency department,” with an increased risk of death, she said.
Health experts say these health risks could remain long after the pandemic passes.
“The question is, ‘Do we value all life equally?’” said Dr. James Hildreth, president and CEO of Meharry Medical College in Nashville, a historically black college. “If we do, we will find a way to address these things.”
KHN data editor Elizabeth Lucas contributed to this report.
METHODOLOGY
Kaiser Health News analyzed COVID-19 case rates across the country and compared them to a number of demographic factors. KHN obtained COVID-19 data by county from The New York Times and populations from 2019 U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates to calculate cases per 100,000 residents. The national map displays COVID-19 case rates per 100,000 by commuting zone, defined as a group of counties that approximate local economies and can cross state boundaries.
The charts comparing COVID-19 cases in Mississippi and Shelby County, Tennessee, by population and race are irrespective of Hispanic ethnicity because ethnicity is coded separately in the data.
DATA SOURCES
COVID-19 cases and deaths by county: The New York Times
Commuting zone definitions: Urban Institute, with adjustments for recent county boundary changes
Hospitals and ICU beds: Kaiser Health News analysis, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
Population: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates, 2019
Race, ethnicity and age: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey, 2018
Health insurance: U.S. Census Bureau Small Area Health Insurance Estimates, 2018
Poverty: U.S. Census Bureau Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, 2018
Social Vulnerability: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Social Vulnerability Index, 2018
The Other COVID Risks: How Race, Income, ZIP Code Influence Who Lives Or Dies published first on https://nootropicspowdersupplier.tumblr.com/
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The Other COVID Risks: How Race, Income, ZIP Code Influence Who Lives Or Dies
It started with a headache in late March. Then came the body aches.
At first, Shalondra Rollins’ doctor thought it was the flu. By April 7, three days after she was finally diagnosed with COVID-19, the 38-year-old teaching assistant told her mom she was feeling winded. Within an hour, she was in an ambulance, conscious but struggling to breathe, bound for a hospital in Jackson, Mississippi.
An hour later, she was dead.
“I never in a million years thought I would get a call saying she was gone,” said her mother, Cassandra Rollins, 55. “I want the world to know she wasn’t just a statistic. She was a wonderful person. She was loved.”
Shalondra Rollins, a mother of two, had a number of factors that put her at higher risk of dying from COVID-19. Like her mother, she had diabetes. She was black, with a low-salary job.
And she lived in Mississippi, whose population is among the unhealthiest in the country.
She was one of 193 Mississippi residents who have died of COVID-19, and one of more than 4,800 with confirmed illnesses.
Doctors know that people with underlying health conditions ― such as the 40% of Americans who live with diabetes, hypertension, asthma and other chronic diseases ― are more vulnerable to COVID-19. So are patients without access to intensive care or mechanical ventilators.
Yet some public health experts contend that social and economic conditions ― long overlooked by government leaders, policymakers and the public ― are even more powerful indicators of who will survive the pandemic. A toxic mix of racial, financial and geographic disadvantage can prove deadly.
“Most epidemics are guided missiles attacking those who are poor, disenfranchised and have underlying health problems,” said Dr. Thomas Frieden, a former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Subscribe to KHN’s free Morning Briefing.
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Federal health officials have known for nearly a decade which communities are most likely to suffer devastating losses ― both in lives and jobs ― during a disease outbreak or other major disaster. In 2011, the CDC created the Social Vulnerability Index to rate all the nation’s counties on factors such as poverty, housing and access to vehicles that predict their ability to prepare, cope and recover from disasters.
Download The Data
Download the county-level data (.zip)
Yet the country has neglected to respond to warning signs that these communities ― where people already live sicker and die younger than those in more affluent areas ― could be devastated by a pandemic, said Dr. Otis Brawley, a professor at Johns Hopkins University.
“This is a failure of American society to take care of the Americans who need help the most,” Brawley said. Although vulnerable counties are scattered throughout the country, they are concentrated across the South, in a belt of deprivation stretching from coastal North Carolina to the Mexican border and deserts of the Southwest.
Some of the most vulnerable communities are in Mississippi, which has the highest poverty rate of any state; Indian reservations in New Mexico, the second-poorest state, where thousands of households lack running water; and cities such as Memphis, Tennessee, a hot spot for asthma that recently ranked among the bottom 15 metro areas in offering safe, livable housing to its residents.
The first U.S. COVID-19 cases were detected in metropolitan areas, with Hispanics and blacks making up a disproportionate number of deaths in New York City. Outbreaks are now flaring in rural communities, the South and Upper Midwest. Both the New Orleans and Albany, Georgia, areas have infection rates above 1% of their populations. More than 1,600 people have been diagnosed with COVID-19 in the Sioux Falls, South Dakota, home to a meat-packing plant that employs immigrants and refugees from around the world.
Whether COVID-19 patients live or die probably depends more on their baseline health than whether they have access to an intensive care bed, Brawley said. Some hospitals report that only about 20% of COVID-19 patients on ventilators survive.
Many public health experts fear that COVID-19 will follow the same trajectory as HIV and AIDS, which began as a disease of big coastal cities ― New York, Los Angeles and San Francisco ― but quickly entrenched in the black community and in the South, which is considered the epicenter of the nation’s HIV/AIDS outbreak today.
Like HIV and AIDS, the first COVID-19 cases in the United States were diagnosed in “jet-setters and people who traveled to Europe and other places,” said Dr. Carlos del Rio, professor of infectious diseases at the Emory University Rollins School of Public Health. “As it settles in America, [COVID-19] is now disproportionately impacting minority populations, just like HIV.”
Mississippi: The Legacy Of Segregation
One in 5 Mississippi residents live in poverty.
It is also in the heart of the “Stroke Belt,” a band of 11 Southern states where obesity, hypertension and smoking contribute to an elevated rate of strokes. Blacks make up 38% of the state population ― but more than half of COVID-19 infections in which race is known. They also account for nearly two-thirds of deaths from the virus, according to the state health department.
Medical and socioeconomic conditions put Mississippians at higher risk of COVID-19 in several ways, said Frieden, now CEO of Resolve to Save Lives, a global public health initiative.
People in low-income or minority communities are more likely to work in jobs that expose them to the virus ― in factories or grocery stores and public transit, for example. They’re less likely to have paid sick leave and more likely to live in crowded housing. They have high rates of chronic illness. They also have less access to health care, especially routine preventive services. Mississippi is one of 14 states that have not expanded Medicaid.
“If they do have chronic conditions such as hypertension or diabetes,” Frieden said, “the health system doesn’t work as well for them, and they are less likely to have it under control.”
Minority communities suffer the legacy of segregation, which has trapped generations in a downward economic spiral, said Dr. Steven Woolf, a professor at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond.
“The fact that African Americans are more likely to die of heart disease is not an accident,” Woolf said. “COVID-19 is a very fresh, vivid example of an old problem.”
Research shows that “stress, economic disadvantage, economic deprivation not only affect the people experiencing it, but it’s passed on from one generation to another,” Woolf said.
Tonja Sesley-Baymon, president and CEO of the Memphis Urban League, noted that social distancing is a privilege of the affluent. Just getting to work can put people at risk if they ride the bus. “If you take public transportation, social distancing is not an option for you,” she said.
Cassandra Rollins with daughter Shalondra(Courtesy of the Rollins family)
Dr. LouAnn Woodward, the University of Mississippi Medical Center’s top executive, has treated many people in the emergency room whose life-threatening crises could have been prevented with routine care. She’s seen diabetes patients with blood sugar levels high enough to put them in a coma.
Health insurance is only part of the problem, she said. When Woodward asked one woman why she waited so long to seek treatment for her breast tumor, the woman said, “I just got a ride.”
Cassandra Rollins, the youngest of 11 siblings, knows hardship. Two of her sisters were murdered. She helped raise their children, who are now grown.
She raised four of her own children as a single mother. Shalondra, the eldest, often acted as a second mom to her brother 18 years younger. Shalondra even attended her brother’s parent-teacher conferences when her mother couldn’t leave work.
In September, her brother died by suicide at age 20.
When her daughter was diagnosed with COVID-19, Cassandra Rollins said, “we had just gotten to a point where we didn’t cry every day.”
The Navajo: Health Suffers In Food Deserts
The coronavirus is battering impoverished communities. More than 1,200 COVID-19 cases and 48 deaths have been diagnosed in the Navajo Nation, the country’s largest Indian reservation, located on 27,000 square miles at the junction of Arizona, New Mexico and Utah.
There are few hospitals in the region, an area the size of West Virginia, and most lack intensive care units.
The communities that make up the Navajo Nation have among the worst scores on the CDC’s Social Vulnerability Index. Thirty-nine percent of residents live in poverty.
With a shortage of adequate housing, many live in modest homes with up to 10 people under one roof, said Jonathan Nez, Navajo Nation president. That can make it harder to contain the virus.
“We’re social people,” Nez said. “We take care of our elders at home.”
The first residents tested positive in mid-March, and cases skyrocketed within weeks. In the eight counties comprising the Navajo, Hopi and Zuni nations, 1,930 residents have tested positive and 79 have died. That’s more cases per 100,000 residents than the Washington, D.C., area.
The Navajo Nation has taken aggressive steps to control the outbreak, including weekend curfews enforced by checkpoints and patrols.
But more than 30% of its households lack a toilet or running water, according to the Navajo Water Project, a nonprofit that installs plumbing in homes. Residents often drive long distances to fill containers with water, Nez said.
Having no running water makes it difficult to properly wash hands to prevent coronavirus infections.
Navajo patients with diabetes have long struggled to clean skin infections, said Dr. Valory Wangler, chief medical officer at Rehoboth McKinley Christian Health Care Services in Gallup, New Mexico.
Maintaining a healthy weight on the reservation is challenging, Nez said. Residents commonly spend hours daily traveling by car to and from work, leaving little time to exercise or cook. While the region has fast-food restaurants, far fewer stores sell fresh fruits and vegetables, he said, adding, “we’re in a food desert.”
Memphis: Childhood Diseases Take Their Toll
Most children with COVID-19 are at low risk of death. But many adults felled by the disease suffer the long-term effects of health damage they suffered as children, such as lead exposure or asthma, said Brawley of Johns Hopkins.
More than 208,000 homes in Memphis, Tennessee, pose potential lead hazards. Lead ― toxic at any level ― can cause brain damage and lead to hypertension and kidney disease, conditions that increase the risk of complications in COVID-19 patients.
Shelby County, which includes Memphis, is home to 937,000 residents, 14% of the state’s population. Its COVID-19 burden is outsized, representing one-quarter of the cases and deaths in Tennessee. Where race is known, most patients have been black.
The National Center for Healthy Housing ranked Memphis the worst metropolitan area for housing in 2013, although its rating has since improved slightly.
Memphis, with older housing stock and one of the poorest big U.S. cities, is a hot spot for asthma, which afflicts up to 13.5% of its children. The CDC has said that people with asthma may be at higher risk from COVID-19, although some hospitals haven’t seen higher death rates in this population.
Blacks are almost three times as likely to die of asthma as whites, according to the Health and Human Services’ Office of Minority Health. Many children develop asthma after being exposed to tobacco smoke or substandard housing with dust mites, cockroaches, rodents and molds. Some suffer for a lifetime.
Many poor people can’t afford asthma medications and have no regular source of medical care to monitor their disease, said Dr. Robin Womeodu, chief medical officer at Methodist University Hospital.
Asthma patients often go through “a revolving door in and out of the emergency department,” with an increased risk of death, she said.
Health experts say these health risks could remain long after the pandemic passes.
“The question is, ‘Do we value all life equally?’” said Dr. James Hildreth, president and CEO of Meharry Medical College in Nashville, a historically black college. “If we do, we will find a way to address these things.”
KHN data editor Elizabeth Lucas contributed to this report.
METHODOLOGY
Kaiser Health News analyzed COVID-19 case rates across the country and compared them to a number of demographic factors. KHN obtained COVID-19 data by county from The New York Times and populations from 2019 U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates to calculate cases per 100,000 residents. The national map displays COVID-19 case rates per 100,000 by commuting zone, defined as a group of counties that approximate local economies and can cross state boundaries.
The charts comparing COVID-19 cases in Mississippi and Shelby County, Tennessee, by population and race are irrespective of Hispanic ethnicity because ethnicity is coded separately in the data.
DATA SOURCES
COVID-19 cases and deaths by county: The New York Times
Commuting zone definitions: Urban Institute, with adjustments for recent county boundary changes
Hospitals and ICU beds: Kaiser Health News analysis, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
Population: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates, 2019
Race, ethnicity and age: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey, 2018
Health insurance: U.S. Census Bureau Small Area Health Insurance Estimates, 2018
Poverty: U.S. Census Bureau Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, 2018
Social Vulnerability: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Social Vulnerability Index, 2018
from Updates By Dina https://khn.org/news/covid-south-other-risk-factors-how-race-income-zip-code-influence-who-lives-or-dies/
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E.W. Tompkins: Your Trusted Partner for Burst Pipe Repair Service in Albany
Are you facing a plumbing emergency in Albany? In search of something that truly does the job for you? Look no further than E.W. Tompkins plumbing company in Albany, calling which is your own vendor for all your plumbing needs. Now, it goes without saying that E.W. Tompkins, has built a reputation of being the best while also striving to exhibit the highest level of customer satisfaction over the years. They have been a source of plumbing services including burst pipe repairs. This discussion entails the very reason why they are regarded as the prime plumbers of Green island.
Why Choose E.W. Tompkins Plumbing Company?
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Prompt and Reliable Service: The impact of such instances as a burst pipe can be symptomised by the fact that each passing minute counts. We take pride in bestowing peace of mind to our clients; we are exactly where they need us – at their fingertips. The professional team realizes the speed with which things need to be resolved, so they swiftly attend to the problem and do their best to avoid further damage on your property.
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Best Plumbers in Green Island:
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Importance of Engaging a Prof
It is important to count on a qualified expert for your pipes and gas fitting needs. Licensed plumbing professionals undertake substantial training to guarantee they follow security regulations and supply premium services. Inappropriate setups or repair work can cause dangerous situations such as gas leaks or water-related harm. Whether it's a property or industrial property, employing a qualified plumbing not just makes sure the security of the passengers yet additionally keeps the property's honesty and worth.
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The Progression of Service Plumbing Solutions
In the expansive globe of pipes, industrial pipes identifies itself as a customized field, providing expert services to businesses and large jobs. Unlike its property counterpart, industrial pipes addresses the intricacies of complex systems in high-rise buildings, manufacturing facilities, and public rooms, which require constant maintenance to prevent expensive disturbances and make sure smooth operations. Leveraging sophisticated innovation, contemporary industrial plumbing professionals utilize advanced equipment such as high-resolution cameras for thorough pipe evaluations and hydro-jetting to clear persistent clogs. Additionally, environmentally friendly services and water preservation have come to be leading concerns, showing the industry's dedication to sustainability. As businesses remain to grow and expand, the importance of industrial pipes just increases, making certain the security and effectiveness of water systems for all.
Urgent Plumbing Services: A Solution in Emergencies
Property owners can breathe a sigh of alleviation recognizing that emergency situation pipes services are simply a telephone call away. These heroes of the trade prepare to spring into action at a minute's notification, armed with the expertise and devices to take on any kind of pipes crisis that comes their means. Whether it's a pipe that's burst, a commode that's overflowing, or a drain that's obstructed, they'll function relentlessly to decrease damages and bring back order to your home as rapidly as feasible. With their quick reaction times and sophisticated equipment, they're the supreme problem-solvers in a pipes emergency situation. So, while routine maintenance can definitely help stop problems, having a relied on emergency situation pipes solution accessible is a smart move for any kind of homeowner.
Essential Restaurant Plumbers
Plumbing plays a essential duty in the busy restaurant industry. From the kitchen area to the shower rooms, a dependable pipes system is necessary for smooth operations. Dining establishment pipes services concentrate on addressing the specific obstacles encountered by eateries, such as keeping grease catches, handling high-volume water use, and rapidly getting rid of wastewater. Even a little leak or blockage can interfere with solution, leading to potential financial losses and dissatisfied customers. Additionally, health and wellness regulations require routine evaluations and maintenance to avoid contamination and make sure tidiness. By partnering with expert restaurant pipes services, restaurant proprietors can guarantee their establishment functions efficiently, lasts long, and complies with regulations. Inevitably, a strong pipes system is just as essential to a restaurant's success as its scrumptious food.
Where To Find a LOcal Plumber Near You
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The Other COVID Risks: How Race, Income, ZIP Code Influence Who Lives Or Dies
It started with a headache in late March. Then came the body aches.
At first, Shalondra Rollins’ doctor thought it was the flu. By April 7, three days after she was finally diagnosed with COVID-19, the 38-year-old teaching assistant told her mom she was feeling winded. Within an hour, she was in an ambulance, conscious but struggling to breathe, bound for a hospital in Jackson, Mississippi.
An hour later, she was dead.
“I never in a million years thought I would get a call saying she was gone,” said her mother, Cassandra Rollins, 55. “I want the world to know she wasn’t just a statistic. She was a wonderful person. She was loved.”
Shalondra Rollins, a mother of two, had a number of factors that put her at higher risk of dying from COVID-19. Like her mother, she had diabetes. She was black, with a low-salary job.
And she lived in Mississippi, whose population is among the unhealthiest in the country.
She was one of 193 Mississippi residents who have died of COVID-19, and one of more than 4,800 with confirmed illnesses.
Doctors know that people with underlying health conditions ― such as the 40% of Americans who live with diabetes, hypertension, asthma and other chronic diseases ― are more vulnerable to COVID-19. So are patients without access to intensive care or mechanical ventilators.
Yet some public health experts contend that social and economic conditions ― long overlooked by government leaders, policymakers and the public ― are even more powerful indicators of who will survive the pandemic. A toxic mix of racial, financial and geographic disadvantage can prove deadly.
“Most epidemics are guided missiles attacking those who are poor, disenfranchised and have underlying health problems,” said Dr. Thomas Frieden, a former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Federal health officials have known for nearly a decade which communities are most likely to suffer devastating losses ― both in lives and jobs ― during a disease outbreak or other major disaster. In 2011, the CDC created the Social Vulnerability Index to rate all the nation’s counties on factors such as poverty, housing and access to vehicles that predict their ability to prepare, cope and recover from disasters.
Yet the country has neglected to respond to warning signs that these communities ― where people already live sicker and die younger than those in more affluent areas ― could be devastated by a pandemic, said Dr. Otis Brawley, a professor at Johns Hopkins University.
“This is a failure of American society to take care of the Americans who need help the most,” Brawley said. Although vulnerable counties are scattered throughout the country, they are concentrated across the South, in a belt of deprivation stretching from coastal North Carolina to the Mexican border and deserts of the Southwest.
Some of the most vulnerable communities are in Mississippi, which has the highest poverty rate of any state; Indian reservations in New Mexico, the second-poorest state, where thousands of households lack running water; and cities such as Memphis, Tennessee, a hot spot for asthma that recently ranked among the bottom 15 metro areas in offering safe, livable housing to its residents.
The first U.S. COVID-19 cases were detected in metropolitan areas, with Hispanics and blacks making up a disproportionate number of deaths in New York City. Outbreaks are now flaring in rural communities, the South and Upper Midwest. Both the New Orleans and Albany, Georgia, areas have infection rates above 1% of their populations. More than 1,600 people have been diagnosed with COVID-19 in the Sioux Falls, South Dakota, home to a meat-packing plant that employs immigrants and refugees from around the world.
Whether COVID-19 patients live or die probably depends more on their baseline health than whether they have access to an intensive care bed, Brawley said. Some hospitals report that only about 20% of COVID-19 patients on ventilators survive.
Many public health experts fear that COVID-19 will follow the same trajectory as HIV and AIDS, which began as a disease of big coastal cities ― New York, Los Angeles and San Francisco ― but quickly entrenched in the black community and in the South, which is considered the epicenter of the nation’s HIV/AIDS outbreak today.
Like HIV and AIDS, the first COVID-19 cases in the United States were diagnosed in “jet-setters and people who traveled to Europe and other places,” said Dr. Carlos del Rio, professor of infectious diseases at the Emory University Rollins School of Public Health. “As it settles in America, [COVID-19] is now disproportionately impacting minority populations, just like HIV.”
Mississippi: The Legacy Of Segregation
One in 5 Mississippi residents live in poverty.
It is also in the heart of the “Stroke Belt,” a band of 11 Southern states where obesity, hypertension and smoking contribute to an elevated rate of strokes. Blacks make up 38% of the state population ― but more than half of COVID-19 infections in which race is known. They also account for nearly two-thirds of deaths from the virus, according to the state health department.
Medical and socioeconomic conditions put Mississippians at higher risk of COVID-19 in several ways, said Frieden, now CEO of Resolve to Save Lives, a global public health initiative.
People in low-income or minority communities are more likely to work in jobs that expose them to the virus ― in factories or grocery stores and public transit, for example. They’re less likely to have paid sick leave and more likely to live in crowded housing. They have high rates of chronic illness. They also have less access to health care, especially routine preventive services. Mississippi is one of 14 states that have not expanded Medicaid.
“If they do have chronic conditions such as hypertension or diabetes,” Frieden said, “the health system doesn’t work as well for them, and they are less likely to have it under control.”
Minority communities suffer the legacy of segregation, which has trapped generations in a downward economic spiral, said Dr. Steven Woolf, a professor at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond.
“The fact that African Americans are more likely to die of heart disease is not an accident,” Woolf said. “COVID-19 is a very fresh, vivid example of an old problem.”
Research shows that “stress, economic disadvantage, economic deprivation not only affect the people experiencing it, but it’s passed on from one generation to another,” Woolf said.
Tonja Sesley-Baymon, president and CEO of the Memphis Urban League, noted that social distancing is a privilege of the affluent. Just getting to work can put people at risk if they ride the bus. “If you take public transportation, social distancing is not an option for you,” she said.
Cassandra Rollins with daughter Shalondra(Courtesy of the Rollins family)
Dr. LouAnn Woodward, the University of Mississippi Medical Center’s top executive, has treated many people in the emergency room whose life-threatening crises could have been prevented with routine care. She’s seen diabetes patients with blood sugar levels high enough to put them in a coma.
Health insurance is only part of the problem, she said. When Woodward asked one woman why she waited so long to seek treatment for her breast tumor, the woman said, “I just got a ride.”
Cassandra Rollins, the youngest of 11 siblings, knows hardship. Two of her sisters were murdered. She helped raise their children, who are now grown.
She raised four of her own children as a single mother. Shalondra, the eldest, often acted as a second mom to her brother 18 years younger. Shalondra even attended her brother’s parent-teacher conferences when her mother couldn’t leave work.
In September, her brother died by suicide at age 20.
When her daughter was diagnosed with COVID-19, Cassandra Rollins said, “we had just gotten to a point where we didn’t cry every day.”
The Navajo: Health Suffers In Food Deserts
The coronavirus is battering impoverished communities. More than 1,200 COVID-19 cases and 48 deaths have been diagnosed in the Navajo Nation, the country’s largest Indian reservation, located on 27,000 square miles at the junction of Arizona, New Mexico and Utah.
There are few hospitals in the region, an area the size of West Virginia, and most lack intensive care units.
The communities that make up the Navajo Nation have among the worst scores on the CDC’s Social Vulnerability Index. Thirty-nine percent of residents live in poverty.
With a shortage of adequate housing, many live in modest homes with up to 10 people under one roof, said Jonathan Nez, Navajo Nation president. That can make it harder to contain the virus.
“We’re social people,” Nez said. “We take care of our elders at home.”
The first residents tested positive in mid-March, and cases skyrocketed within weeks. In the eight counties comprising the Navajo, Hopi and Zuni nations, 1,930 residents have tested positive and 79 have died. That’s more cases per 100,000 residents than the Washington, D.C., area.
The Navajo Nation has taken aggressive steps to control the outbreak, including weekend curfews enforced by checkpoints and patrols.
But more than 30% of its households lack a toilet or running water, according to the Navajo Water Project, a nonprofit that installs plumbing in homes. Residents often drive long distances to fill containers with water, Nez said.
Having no running water makes it difficult to properly wash hands to prevent coronavirus infections.
Navajo patients with diabetes have long struggled to clean skin infections, said Dr. Valory Wangler, chief medical officer at Rehoboth McKinley Christian Health Care Services in Gallup, New Mexico.
Maintaining a healthy weight on the reservation is challenging, Nez said. Residents commonly spend hours daily traveling by car to and from work, leaving little time to exercise or cook. While the region has fast-food restaurants, far fewer stores sell fresh fruits and vegetables, he said, adding, “we’re in a food desert.”
Memphis: Childhood Diseases Take Their Toll
Most children with COVID-19 are at low risk of death. But many adults felled by the disease suffer the long-term effects of health damage they suffered as children, such as lead exposure or asthma, said Brawley of Johns Hopkins.
More than 208,000 homes in Memphis, Tennessee, pose potential lead hazards. Lead ― toxic at any level ― can cause brain damage and lead to hypertension and kidney disease, conditions that increase the risk of complications in COVID-19 patients.
Shelby County, which includes Memphis, is home to 937,000 residents, 14% of the state’s population. Its COVID-19 burden is outsized, representing one-quarter of the cases and deaths in Tennessee. Where race is known, most patients have been black.
The National Center for Healthy Housing ranked Memphis the worst metropolitan area for housing in 2013, although its rating has since improved slightly.
Memphis, with older housing stock and one of the poorest big U.S. cities, is a hot spot for asthma, which afflicts up to 13.5% of its children. The CDC has said that people with asthma may be at higher risk from COVID-19, although some hospitals haven’t seen higher death rates in this population.
Blacks are almost three times as likely to die of asthma as whites, according to the Health and Human Services’ Office of Minority Health. Many children develop asthma after being exposed to tobacco smoke or substandard housing with dust mites, cockroaches, rodents and molds. Some suffer for a lifetime.
Many poor people can’t afford asthma medications and have no regular source of medical care to monitor their disease, said Dr. Robin Womeodu, chief medical officer at Methodist University Hospital.
Asthma patients often go through “a revolving door in and out of the emergency department,” with an increased risk of death, she said.
Health experts say these health risks could remain long after the pandemic passes.
“The question is, ‘Do we value all life equally?’” said Dr. James Hildreth, president and CEO of Meharry Medical College in Nashville, a historically black college. “If we do, we will find a way to address these things.”
KHN data editor Elizabeth Lucas contributed to this report.
METHODOLOGY
Kaiser Health News analyzed COVID-19 case rates across the country and compared them to a number of demographic factors. KHN obtained COVID-19 data by county from The New York Times and populations from 2019 U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates to calculate cases per 100,000 residents. The national map displays COVID-19 case rates per 100,000 by commuting zone, defined as a group of counties that approximate local economies and can cross state boundaries.
The charts comparing COVID-19 cases in Mississippi and Shelby County, Tennessee, by population and race are irrespective of Hispanic ethnicity because ethnicity is coded separately in the data.
DATA SOURCES
COVID-19 cases and deaths by county: The New York Times
Commuting zone definitions: Urban Institute, with adjustments for recent county boundary changes
Hospitals and ICU beds: Kaiser Health News analysis, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
Population: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates, 2019
Race, ethnicity and age: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey, 2018
Health insurance: U.S. Census Bureau Small Area Health Insurance Estimates, 2018
Poverty: U.S. Census Bureau Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, 2018
Social Vulnerability: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Social Vulnerability Index, 2018
The Other COVID Risks: How Race, Income, ZIP Code Influence Who Lives Or Dies published first on https://smartdrinkingweb.weebly.com/
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Household Appliances Market Outlook and Growth Forecasted By 2025
A new market research report on the Global Household Appliances market has introduced by KD Market Insights. The report is dedicated to in-depth industry analysis of the global Household Appliances market. The Global Household Appliances analysis is broken down on different segmentation levels including Market By Product, By Distribution Channel. The global household appliances market was valued at $501,532 million in 2017 and is projected to reach $763,451 million by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 5.4% from 2018 to 2025. Household appliances can be classified into three categories?major appliances or white goods, small appliances, and consumer electronics. Major appliances are large home appliances used for regular housekeeping tasks such as cooking, washing laundry, food preservation, and others. They are generally equipped with special connections such as electrical, gas, plumbing, and ventilation arrangements, which limits the mobility of these appliances around the house. Small appliances are semi-portable or portable machines that are generally used on platforms such as counter-tops and table tops. Some of the small appliance are air purifiers, humidifiers & de-humidifiers, blenders, clothes steamers & iron, electric kettle & coffee machines, and others. Consumer electronics include devices used for entertainment, communications, and home-office activities such as TVs music system and others. Get Report Sample Copy @ https://www.kdmarketinsights.com/sample/3427 The key factors driving the global household appliances market are increase in technological advancements, rapid urbanization, growth in the housing sector, rise in per capita income, improved living standards, surge in need for comfort in household chores, change in consumer lifestyle as well as escalating number of smaller households. In addition, inclination of consumers toward eco-friendly & energy-efficient appliances further boost the market growth. Moreover, factors, such as government initiatives for energy-efficient appliances across the U.S. and several EU countries, are expected to facilitate the adoption of energy efficient appliances in the recent years. The report segments the market based on product, distribution channel, and region. The product segment includes refrigerator; air conditioner & heater; entertainment & information appliances; washing machine; cleaning appliance; cooktop, cooking range, microwave & oven; and others. The distribution channel segment includes supermarket & hypermarket, specialty stores, e-commerce, and others. The e-commerce distribution channel is expected to witness an exponential growth due to increase in penetration of internet & smart phones and rise of the e-commerce industry. Based on region, it is analyzed across North America (U.S., Canada, and Mexico), Europe (Germany, Spain, the UK, Italy, France, and rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, Australia, South Korea, and rest of Asia-Pacific), and LAMEA (Brazil, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and rest of LAMEA). Key players profiled in the report include AB Electrolux, Qingdao Haier Co., Ltd. (Haier), Hitachi, Ltd., LG Electronics Inc. (LG), Midea Group Co., Ltd. (Midea), Panasonic Corporation (Panasonic), Robert Bosch GmbH, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Sharp Corporation (Sharp), and Whirlpool Corporation. Key Benefits for Household Appliances Market: - The report provides an extensive analysis of the current and emerging market trends and opportunities in the global household appliances market. - The report provides detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis of current trends and future estimations that help evaluate the prevailing market opportunities. - A comprehensive analysis of the factors that drive and restrict the growth of the market is provided. - An extensive analysis of the market is conducted by following key product positioning and monitoring the top competitors within the market framework. - The report provides extensive qualitative insights on the potential and niche segments or regions exhibiting favorable growth. Household Appliances Key Market Segments: By Product - Refrigerator - Air Conditioner & Heater - Entertainment & Information Appliances - Washing Machine - Cleaning Appliance - Cooktop, Cooking Range, Microwave & Oven - Others By Distribution Channel - Supermarket & Hypermarket - Specialty Stores - e-Commerce - Others By Region North America - U.S. - Canada - Mexico Europe - Germany - Spain - UK - Italy - France - Rest of Europe Asia-Pacific - China - India - Japan - Australia - South Korea - Rest of Asia-Pacific LAMEA - Brazil - South Africa - Saudi Arabia - UAE - Rest of LAMEA Access Complete Research Report with TOC @ https://www.kdmarketinsights.com/product/household-appliances-market-amr Table of Content CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1. Report description 1.2. Key benefits for stakeholders 1.3. Key market segments 1.4. Research methodology 1.4.1. Secondary research 1.4.2. Primary research 1.4.3. Analyst tools and models CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2.1. Snapshot 2.2. CXO perspective CHAPTER 3: MARKET OVERVIEW 3.1. Market definition and scope 3.2. Key findings 3.2.1. Top investment pockets 3.2.2. Top winning strategies 3.3. Porter's five force analysis 3.3.1. Bargaining power of suppliers 3.3.2. Bargaining power of buyers 3.3.3. Threat of substitution 3.3.4. Threat of new entrants 3.3.5. Intensity of competitive rivalry 3.4. Market player positioning, 2017 3.5. Market dynamics 3.5.1. Drivers 3.5.1.1. Rise in disposable income 3.5.1.2. Increase in access to electricity 3.5.1.3. Participation of females in paid work force 3.5.1.4. Increase in urbanization 3.5.1.5. Upsurge in affordability of household appliances 3.5.1.6. Decreased time for household activity 3.5.2. Restraints 3.5.2.1. Availability of counterfeit brands 3.5.3. Opportunities 3.5.3.1. Investing in developing economies 3.5.3.2. Technological advancements 3.5.3.3. Growth in e-commerce sales CHAPTER 4: HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES MARKET, BY PRODUCT 4.1. Overview 4.1.1. Market size and forecast 4.2. Refrigerator 4.2.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 4.2.2. Market size and forecast, by region 4.2.3. Market analysis, by country 4.3. Air conditioner & heater 4.3.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 4.3.2. Market size and forecast, by region 4.3.3. Market analysis, by country 4.4. Entertainment & information appliances 4.4.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 4.4.2. Market size and forecast, by region 4.4.3. Market analysis, by country 4.5. Washing machine 4.5.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 4.5.2. Market size and forecast, by region 4.5.3. Market analysis, by country 4.6. Cleaning appliance 4.6.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 4.6.2. Market size and forecast, by region 4.6.3. Market analysis, by country 4.7. Cooktop, cooking range, microwave & oven 4.7.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 4.7.2. Market size and forecast, by region 4.7.3. Market analysis, by country 4.8. Others 4.8.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 4.8.2. Market size and forecast, by region 4.8.3. Market analysis, by country CHAPTER 5: HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES MARKET, BY DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL 5.1. Overview 5.1.1. Market size and forecast 5.2. Supermarket & hypermarket 5.2.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 5.2.2. Market size and forecast, by region 5.2.3. Market analysis, by country 5.3. Specialty store 5.3.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 5.3.2. Market size and forecast, by region 5.3.3. Market analysis, by country 5.4. E-Commerce 5.4.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 5.4.2. Market size and forecast, by region 5.4.3. Market analysis, by country 5.5. Others 5.5.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 5.5.2. Market size and forecast, by region 5.5.3. Market analysis, by country CHAPTER 6: HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES MARKET, BY REGION 6.1. Overview 6.1.1. Market size and forecast 6.2. North America 6.2.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 6.2.2. Market size and forecast, by product 6.2.3. Market size and forecast, by distribution channel 6.2.4. Market size and forecast, by country 6.2.5. U.S. 6.2.5.1. Market size and forecast, by product 6.2.5.2. Market size and forecast, by distribution channel 6.2.6. Canada 6.2.6.1. Market size and forecast, by product 6.2.6.2. Market size and forecast, by distribution channel 6.2.7. Mexico 6.2.7.1. Market size and forecast, by product 6.2.7.2. Market size and forecast, by distribution channel 6.3. Europe 6.3.1. Key market trends, growth factors, and opportunities 6.3.2. Market size and forecast, by product 6.3.3. Market size and forecast, by distribution channel 6.3.4. Market size and forecast, by country 6.3.5. Germany 6.3.5.1. Market size and forecast, by product 6.3.5.2. Market size and forecast, by distribution channel Continue @... Check for Discount @ https://www.kdmarketinsights.com/discount/3427 About Us: KD Market Insights offers a comprehensive database of syndicated research studies, customized reports, and consulting services. These reports are created to help in making smart, instant and crucial decisions based on extensive and in-depth quantitative information, supported by extensive analysis and industry insights. Our dedicated in-house team ensures the reports satisfy the requirement of the client. We aim at providing value service to our clients. Our reports are backed by extensive industry coverage and is made sure to give importance to the specific needs of our clients. The main idea is to enable our clients to make an informed decision, by keeping them and ourselves up to date with the latest trends in the market. Contact Us: KD Market Insights 150 State Street, Albany, New York, USA 12207 +1 (518) 300-1215 Email: [email protected] Website: www.kdmarketinsights.com Read More News: https://marketnewsbizz.com https://marketresearchtab.com https://kdmarketinsightsblog.com
#Household Appliances Market#Household Appliances Market Size#Household Appliances Market Share#Household Appliances Market news
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Facilities Management Market is Expected to Expand at a CAGR of 13.6% from 2017 - 2024
The North America facilities management market features a high degree of fragmentation with top 10 companies holding a meager 10% share in the overall market, states Transparency Market Research (TMR) in a new report. The market is served by several international and regional players wherein price wars and efforts to forge long-term service contracts renders intense competition in amongst them. To sustain competition, companies are focusing on improving service quality, reduce the time involved to complete tasks, employ advanced cleaning and maintenance services, and roll out bundled services.
As per the TMR report, the demand in the North America facilities management market is likely to translate into a revenue of US$610.21 by the end of 2024, expanding at a healthy CAGR of 13.6% between 2017 and 2024. The opportunities in the market translated into a revenue of US$248.87 bn in 2017. Of the key service types, soft services segment currently holds the dominant share in the overall market. Hard services segment, on the other hand, is anticipated to register lackluster growth over the forecast period. Among the key end users of facilities management, corporate sector is anticipated to remain attractive with a revenue of US$124.75 bn by 2024. However, retail and commercial sector is predicted to emerge lucrative expanding at the leading growth rate over the forecast period.
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Advantages of Saving Valuable Employees’ Time Boosts Uptake
Increasing practices of outsourcing services is primarily driving the North America facilities management market. Businesses are increasingly engaging third-party contractors to outsource facility management for a certain period of time. This helps businesses to focus on core business functions and save valuable time of resources from being used for non-core business activities. Thus, outsourcing helps reduce costs and expenses of businesses in the long run. The demand for facilities management is witnessing an upswing across several industry verticals such as healthcare, government, government, and corporate among others.
Furthermore, increasing demand for standardization of support services is boosting the adoption of facilities management services. Businesses are recognizing the importance of quality support services that makes a mark among clients, which may indirectly boost business growth. Large businesses are increasingly collaborating with world-class facilities management service providers that maintain quality standards and take onus in the event of subpar or poor service rendered.
Lack of Quality Standards Globally Limits Adoption
However, the market could suffer from several growth challenges. Nonexistence of standardization leading to lack of parameters to quantify performance and quality of services is a roadblock to the market’s growth. Quality and service standards are region specific with lack of standardization standards at global level. While different countries have recognized agencies that have set standards for standardization of services, there does not exist a single agency that monitors standardization of services globally.
Apart from this, increasing labor cost and increasing practices of developing in-house services are bottlenecks to the growth of facilities management market. Facilities management service providers are facing challenges of increasing labor costs during the tenure of long-term service contracts. Consequently, organizations are opting for short-term contracts or single contract thereby impacting the growth of facilities management market.
Moreover, due to nonexistence of quality standards, several organizations are forming their own in-house services by hiring personnel to be exclusively engaged in support services.
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The review presented here is based on the findings of a TMR report, titled “Facilities Management Market (Service Type - Hard Services (Plumbing, Air Conditioning Maintenance, Fire Protection Systems, and Mechanical and Electrical Maintenance) and Soft Services (Cleaning and Pest Control, Laundry, Catering, Waste Management, and Security); Industry - Corporate, Government and Public, Healthcare, Manufacturing, Residential and Educational, and Retail and Commercial) - North America Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast 2017 – 2024.”
Key Takeaways;
Advantages of saving valuable employees’ time drives adoption
Lack of standardization parameters at global level crimps growth
The North America facilities management market is segmented as follows;
Facilities Management Market, By Service Type
Hard ServicesPlumbing and Air Conditioning MaintenanceFire Protection SystemsMechanical and Electrical MaintenanceOthers (Fabric Maintenance, etc.)
Soft ServicesCleaning and Pest ControlSterilizationLaundryCateringWaste ManagementSecurityOthers (Administrative Services, etc.)
Facilities Management Market, By Industry
Corporate
Government and Public Sector
Health Care
Manufacturing
Residential and Education Institutions
Retail and Commercial
Others (Food, Sport, etc.)
Facilities Management Market, By Country
The U.S.
Canada
Mexico
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Bathroom Sinks Market: Scenario, Demand and Production with Growth Forecast 2018 - 2026
A bathroom sink is a fixture, which is also known as hand basin or wash basin, usually used to wash hands. A modern bathroom sink improves the look and functionality of the bathroom, reserved for personal hygiene. Bathroom sinks are usually made up of glass, marble, ceramic, and granite, and is considered as bathroom vanity. These sinks are attached with faucet, which supplies cold and hot water, however some bathroom sinks even have spray feature for faster rinsing. These sinks tend to be more stylish with varied colors and artistic finishes than kitchen sinks and counterparts. Sinks are made and available in variety of designs and shapes, which include oval, round, curves, Victorian styles, and modern angular forms among others. Moreover, bathroom sinks combined with a countertop and vanity cabinet are the most preferable among homeowners as vanity cabinet hides plumbing and provides storage for shaving, make-up, and legions of toiletries.
The key factors driving the bathroom sinks market are the changing consumer preferences, redefining the way bathroom is conceptualized, coupled with rising reconstruction and remodeling activities. The market is expected to witness significant growth during the forecast period due to the rising disposable income and the need for modular bathrooms. In addition, growing preference towards eco-friendly materials including reused glass and engineered stones is projected to trigger the demand for bathroom sinks. Bathroom sinks come in a number of designs, sizes, shapes, price ranges, and can also be customized according to consumer requirement, depending on the budget, taste, and personal preference. In addition, consumers can color- coordinate the sinks with the bathroom tiles or can contrast it with the house theme. The market is majorly driven by the residential construction industry and is expected to grow at a fast pace in the near future. In addition, rise in construction industry in emerging economies of Asia Pacific such as China and India are creating opportunities for the market growth.
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The global bathroom sinks market can be segmented based on type, material, application, distribution channel, and region. Based on type, the bathroom sinks market can be classified into wall mounted, drop in, pedestal, under mount, and others (corner, tabletop). In terms of material, the bathroom sinks market can be categorized into stone, ceramic, metal, and glass. Based on application, the market can be divided into residential and non-residential. In terms of distribution channel, the bathroom sinks market can be classified into hypermarkets/supermarkets, specialty stores, online retailers, and others (brand outlets, independent vendors, etc.).
In terms of region, the global bathroom sinks market can be segmented into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and South America. Europe is anticipated to dominate the global bathroom sinks market, followed by North America and Asia Pacific. North America and Europe are anticipated to account for a major bathroom sinks market share, due to high spending rate in the regions. Moreover, rapid urbanization, developing infrastructure facilities, and growth of the construction industry in emerging countries such as India and China are boosting sales of bathroom sinks in Asia Pacific region. The popularity of modular bathrooms is expected to increase in the coming years and will be one of the major trends during the forecast period.
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Some of the leading manufacturers in the bathroom sinks market are Kohler Co., Laufen Bathrooms AG, Lixil Group Corporation, Moen, TOTO Ltd., The BLANCO Group, Duravit AG, Elkay Manufacturing Company, Franke Holding AG, JOMOO Group, and Roca among others. Manufacturers are increasing their R&D capabilities to diversify their product range and are also making efforts to enhance product quality. Players are anticipated to face competition due to the presence of several local vendors. The entry of new players, pricing competition, and mergers & acquisitions are further intensifying the level of competition among manufacturers in the sanitary ware industry. This is likely to lead to the introduction of many advanced products in the bathroom sinks market during the forecast period.
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The Other COVID Risks: How Race, Income, ZIP Code Influence Who Lives Or Dies
It started with a headache in late March. Then came the body aches.
At first, Shalondra Rollins’ doctor thought it was the flu. By April 7, three days after she was finally diagnosed with COVID-19, the 38-year-old teaching assistant told her mom she was feeling winded. Within an hour, she was in an ambulance, conscious but struggling to breathe, bound for a hospital in Jackson, Mississippi.
An hour later, she was dead.
“I never in a million years thought I would get a call saying she was gone,” said her mother, Cassandra Rollins, 55. “I want the world to know she wasn’t just a statistic. She was a wonderful person. She was loved.”
Shalondra Rollins, a mother of two, had a number of factors that put her at higher risk of dying from COVID-19. Like her mother, she had diabetes. She was black, with a low-salary job.
And she lived in Mississippi, whose population is among the unhealthiest in the country.
She was one of 193 Mississippi residents who have died of COVID-19, and one of more than 4,800 with confirmed illnesses.
Doctors know that people with underlying health conditions ― such as the 40% of Americans who live with diabetes, hypertension, asthma and other chronic diseases ― are more vulnerable to COVID-19. So are patients without access to intensive care or mechanical ventilators.
Yet some public health experts contend that social and economic conditions ― long overlooked by government leaders, policymakers and the public ― are even more powerful indicators of who will survive the pandemic. A toxic mix of racial, financial and geographic disadvantage can prove deadly.
“Most epidemics are guided missiles attacking those who are poor, disenfranchised and have underlying health problems,” said Dr. Thomas Frieden, a former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Federal health officials have known for nearly a decade which communities are most likely to suffer devastating losses ― both in lives and jobs ― during a disease outbreak or other major disaster. In 2011, the CDC created the Social Vulnerability Index to rate all the nation’s counties on factors such as poverty, housing and access to vehicles that predict their ability to prepare, cope and recover from disasters.
Yet the country has neglected to respond to warning signs that these communities ― where people already live sicker and die younger than those in more affluent areas ― could be devastated by a pandemic, said Dr. Otis Brawley, a professor at Johns Hopkins University.
“This is a failure of American society to take care of the Americans who need help the most,” Brawley said. Although vulnerable counties are scattered throughout the country, they are concentrated across the South, in a belt of deprivation stretching from coastal North Carolina to the Mexican border and deserts of the Southwest.
Some of the most vulnerable communities are in Mississippi, which has the highest poverty rate of any state; Indian reservations in New Mexico, the second-poorest state, where thousands of households lack running water; and cities such as Memphis, Tennessee, a hot spot for asthma that recently ranked among the bottom 15 metro areas in offering safe, livable housing to its residents.
The first U.S. COVID-19 cases were detected in metropolitan areas, with Hispanics and blacks making up a disproportionate number of deaths in New York City. Outbreaks are now flaring in rural communities, the South and Upper Midwest. Both the New Orleans and Albany, Georgia, areas have infection rates above 1% of their populations. More than 1,600 people have been diagnosed with COVID-19 in the Sioux Falls, South Dakota, home to a meat-packing plant that employs immigrants and refugees from around the world.
Whether COVID-19 patients live or die probably depends more on their baseline health than whether they have access to an intensive care bed, Brawley said. Some hospitals report that only about 20% of COVID-19 patients on ventilators survive.
Many public health experts fear that COVID-19 will follow the same trajectory as HIV and AIDS, which began as a disease of big coastal cities ― New York, Los Angeles and San Francisco ― but quickly entrenched in the black community and in the South, which is considered the epicenter of the nation’s HIV/AIDS outbreak today.
Like HIV and AIDS, the first COVID-19 cases in the United States were diagnosed in “jet-setters and people who traveled to Europe and other places,” said Dr. Carlos del Rio, professor of infectious diseases at the Emory University Rollins School of Public Health. “As it settles in America, [COVID-19] is now disproportionately impacting minority populations, just like HIV.”
Mississippi: The Legacy Of Segregation
One in 5 Mississippi residents live in poverty.
It is also in the heart of the “Stroke Belt,” a band of 11 Southern states where obesity, hypertension and smoking contribute to an elevated rate of strokes. Blacks make up 38% of the state population ― but more than half of COVID-19 infections in which race is known. They also account for nearly two-thirds of deaths from the virus, according to the state health department.
Medical and socioeconomic conditions put Mississippians at higher risk of COVID-19 in several ways, said Frieden, now CEO of Resolve to Save Lives, a global public health initiative.
People in low-income or minority communities are more likely to work in jobs that expose them to the virus ― in factories or grocery stores and public transit, for example. They’re less likely to have paid sick leave and more likely to live in crowded housing. They have high rates of chronic illness. They also have less access to health care, especially routine preventive services. Mississippi is one of 14 states that have not expanded Medicaid.
“If they do have chronic conditions such as hypertension or diabetes,” Frieden said, “the health system doesn’t work as well for them, and they are less likely to have it under control.”
Minority communities suffer the legacy of segregation, which has trapped generations in a downward economic spiral, said Dr. Steven Woolf, a professor at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond.
“The fact that African Americans are more likely to die of heart disease is not an accident,” Woolf said. “COVID-19 is a very fresh, vivid example of an old problem.”
Research shows that “stress, economic disadvantage, economic deprivation not only affect the people experiencing it, but it’s passed on from one generation to another,” Woolf said.
Tonja Sesley-Baymon, president and CEO of the Memphis Urban League, noted that social distancing is a privilege of the affluent. Just getting to work can put people at risk if they ride the bus. “If you take public transportation, social distancing is not an option for you,” she said.
Cassandra Rollins with daughter Shalondra(Courtesy of the Rollins family)
Dr. LouAnn Woodward, the University of Mississippi Medical Center’s top executive, has treated many people in the emergency room whose life-threatening crises could have been prevented with routine care. She’s seen diabetes patients with blood sugar levels high enough to put them in a coma.
Health insurance is only part of the problem, she said. When Woodward asked one woman why she waited so long to seek treatment for her breast tumor, the woman said, “I just got a ride.”
Cassandra Rollins, the youngest of 11 siblings, knows hardship. Two of her sisters were murdered. She helped raise their children, who are now grown.
She raised four of her own children as a single mother. Shalondra, the eldest, often acted as a second mom to her brother 18 years younger. Shalondra even attended her brother’s parent-teacher conferences when her mother couldn’t leave work.
In September, her brother died by suicide at age 20.
When her daughter was diagnosed with COVID-19, Cassandra Rollins said, “we had just gotten to a point where we didn’t cry every day.”
The Navajo: Health Suffers In Food Deserts
The coronavirus is battering impoverished communities. More than 1,200 COVID-19 cases and 48 deaths have been diagnosed in the Navajo Nation, the country’s largest Indian reservation, located on 27,000 square miles at the junction of Arizona, New Mexico and Utah.
There are few hospitals in the region, an area the size of West Virginia, and most lack intensive care units.
The communities that make up the Navajo Nation have among the worst scores on the CDC’s Social Vulnerability Index. Thirty-nine percent of residents live in poverty.
With a shortage of adequate housing, many live in modest homes with up to 10 people under one roof, said Jonathan Nez, Navajo Nation president. That can make it harder to contain the virus.
“We’re social people,” Nez said. “We take care of our elders at home.”
The first residents tested positive in mid-March, and cases skyrocketed within weeks. In the eight counties comprising the Navajo, Hopi and Zuni nations, 1,930 residents have tested positive and 79 have died. That’s more cases per 100,000 residents than the Washington, D.C., area.
The Navajo Nation has taken aggressive steps to control the outbreak, including weekend curfews enforced by checkpoints and patrols.
But more than 30% of its households lack a toilet or running water, according to the Navajo Water Project, a nonprofit that installs plumbing in homes. Residents often drive long distances to fill containers with water, Nez said.
Having no running water makes it difficult to properly wash hands to prevent coronavirus infections.
Navajo patients with diabetes have long struggled to clean skin infections, said Dr. Valory Wangler, chief medical officer at Rehoboth McKinley Christian Health Care Services in Gallup, New Mexico.
Maintaining a healthy weight on the reservation is challenging, Nez said. Residents commonly spend hours daily traveling by car to and from work, leaving little time to exercise or cook. While the region has fast-food restaurants, far fewer stores sell fresh fruits and vegetables, he said, adding, “we’re in a food desert.”
Memphis: Childhood Diseases Take Their Toll
Most children with COVID-19 are at low risk of death. But many adults felled by the disease suffer the long-term effects of health damage they suffered as children, such as lead exposure or asthma, said Brawley of Johns Hopkins.
More than 208,000 homes in Memphis, Tennessee, pose potential lead hazards. Lead ― toxic at any level ― can cause brain damage and lead to hypertension and kidney disease, conditions that increase the risk of complications in COVID-19 patients.
Shelby County, which includes Memphis, is home to 937,000 residents, 14% of the state’s population. Its COVID-19 burden is outsized, representing one-quarter of the cases and deaths in Tennessee. Where race is known, most patients have been black.
The National Center for Healthy Housing ranked Memphis the worst metropolitan area for housing in 2013, although its rating has since improved slightly.
Memphis, with older housing stock and one of the poorest big U.S. cities, is a hot spot for asthma, which afflicts up to 13.5% of its children. The CDC has said that people with asthma may be at higher risk from COVID-19, although some hospitals haven’t seen higher death rates in this population.
Blacks are almost three times as likely to die of asthma as whites, according to the Health and Human Services’ Office of Minority Health. Many children develop asthma after being exposed to tobacco smoke or substandard housing with dust mites, cockroaches, rodents and molds. Some suffer for a lifetime.
Many poor people can’t afford asthma medications and have no regular source of medical care to monitor their disease, said Dr. Robin Womeodu, chief medical officer at Methodist University Hospital.
Asthma patients often go through “a revolving door in and out of the emergency department,” with an increased risk of death, she said.
Health experts say these health risks could remain long after the pandemic passes.
“The question is, ‘Do we value all life equally?’” said Dr. James Hildreth, president and CEO of Meharry Medical College in Nashville, a historically black college. “If we do, we will find a way to address these things.”
KHN data editor Elizabeth Lucas contributed to this report.
METHODOLOGY
Kaiser Health News analyzed COVID-19 case rates across the country and compared them to a number of demographic factors. KHN obtained COVID-19 data by county from The New York Times and populations from 2019 U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates to calculate cases per 100,000 residents. The national map displays COVID-19 case rates per 100,000 by commuting zone, defined as a group of counties that approximate local economies and can cross state boundaries.
The charts comparing COVID-19 cases in Mississippi and Shelby County, Tennessee, by population and race are irrespective of Hispanic ethnicity because ethnicity is coded separately in the data.
DATA SOURCES
COVID-19 cases and deaths by county: The New York Times
Commuting zone definitions: Urban Institute, with adjustments for recent county boundary changes
Hospitals and ICU beds: Kaiser Health News analysis, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
Population: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates, 2019
Race, ethnicity and age: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey, 2018
Health insurance: U.S. Census Bureau Small Area Health Insurance Estimates, 2018
Poverty: U.S. Census Bureau Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, 2018
Social Vulnerability: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Social Vulnerability Index, 2018
The Other COVID Risks: How Race, Income, ZIP Code Influence Who Lives Or Dies published first on https://nootropicspowdersupplier.tumblr.com/
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