#duchy of lorraine

[funkyllama]

The Ionian Royal Family Tree,

In the style of UsefulCharts. "Hi, this is Matt Baker. Today I'm going to show you the Complete Family Tree of Ionian monarchs, all the way from their royal roots in the Wittenburg dynasty to their more recent dynastic alliances."

@trhor @royaltysimblr @officalroyalsofpierreland @simming-in-the-rain @nexility-sims @empiredesimparte Written Tree Below Cut. Open the image in a new tab, it’s quite large!

House of Wittenburg:

Prince Alexander, Graf March -> Grafin Wilhelmine married Bernard Arpad von Celle, Graf Celle -> The House of Rodchester.

The House of Rodchester:

Adelheid married the Margrave Nirgend. Marie-Odile became the Countess March and had non-dynastic issue. Everette I, Grand Duke Bergstrasse -> Kezia -> Everette II & Princess Alexandrina (daughter of Queen Alexandrina) -> Everette III establishes the Kingdom of Iona with his marriage to Hereditary Grand Duchess Hana Ludvig (daughter of Hans IV, Grand Duke Helmstadt).

Ludvig von Helmstadt:

Hans III married Princess Louise of Windenburg and San Myshuno -> Hans IV married Princess Marguerite of Pierreland -> Queen Hana of Iona.

Everette III's Children:

Rose Mary married the Count March. Stephen inherited the Grand Duchy of Helmstadt. Lorraine married King Arnaut of Uspana (son of Queen Beatriz) and had non-dynastic issue, including Crown Prince German. Queen Viviana I reorganizes the government, establishing the Ionian Union -> Princess Bernedette -> Queen Viviana II married Imperial Prince Philippe Simparte -> Prince Lenerd (rumored son of Crown Prince Louis of Pierreland) and Prince Sigismund.

[handfuloftime]

(A while ago @apurpledust mentioned wanting to know more about Duroc's children, so here's what information I have)

Duroc and his wife, Maria de las Nieves Martínez de Hervas, had two children, both of whom died tragically young. (Hervas left instructions that her gravestone should be engraved with "To the unhappiest of mothers".)

Their first child, Napoléon Louis Sidoine Joseph Duroc, was born on 24 February 1811 in Paris. Named for the emperor and his two grandfathers (Claude Sidoine de Michel du Roc and José Martínez de Hervas), he lived for just over fourteen months. The infant’s health was never good; Duroc wrote to Bertrand in March 1812 that “[Hervas] is doing well but her son has been and always is ill”. (As Duroc’s biographer Danielle Meyrueix notes, when writing of his wife and child he habitually referred to “her son” rather than “our son”. Perhaps not the most engaged of fathers.) Napoléon died on 6 May 1812 at Maidières in Lorraine. The architect Pierre Fontaine, noting in his journal that Hervas had asked him to design a tomb for her lost son, wrote that the child had been “a few days older than the King of Rome and destined to enjoy at that prince’s side all the favor with which the Emperor honored his father.”

Their daughter Hortense Eugénie Nieves Duroc was born on 14 May 1812, eight days after the young Napoléon’s death. (In a letter, Duroc implied that the news of the boy’s death had been kept from Hervas, who was in Paris, to avoid imperiling her health.) Named for her godmother, Hortense de Beauharnais, she was baptized in January 1813 alongside the duke of Bassano's daughter. After Duroc’s death in May 1813, Napoleon transferred the duchy of Friuli to her, writing to Hervas that Hortense would be “assured of my constant protection”. He also remembered her in his will, leaving her a large sum of money and recommending, in one last attempt at matchmaking, that she marry Bessières’s son, the duke of Istria. Hortense’s aunt wrote in 1823 that “Hortense is perfectly sweet, she’s a rare child for her spirit and intelligence, who her poor father would have been happy to see so fine in all respects”. She died of pneumonia on 24 September 1829 after three days of illness, aged seventeen.

A 1933 biography of Charles-Nicolas Fabvier (Hervas’s second husband) identifies this painting by Jeanne-Elisabeth Chaudet as a young Hortense Duroc. It was sold at an auction a few years ago with the title “Young Embroideress”, so either the sitter’s identity has been lost since then or it may never have been Hortense at all.

Duroc’s long liaison with the dancer Emilie Bigottini may also have resulted in at least one child. Felix Bouvier, writing a biographical sketch of Bigottini in 1909, claimed that “children were born of this irregular union, a daughter and a son named Odilon”. However, Odilon (full name Pierre Dominique Jean Marie Odilon Michel du Roc), born in 1801, was the son of Duroc’s cousin Géraud Pierre Michel du Roc, the marquis de Brion. On Duroc’s death, Napoleon made Odilon a page in the imperial household. (This may have given rise to Bouvier’s claim, as it seems to have confused people at the time. Caulaincourt had been tasked with sorting out Duroc’s affairs, including a substantial amount of money for Bigottini, and Duroc’s sister Jeanne implied that he had gotten the wrong impression from one of Duroc’s requests: “On the subject of the allowance for little Odilon, M. the duke of Vicenza was misled…he took a step which pained me very much”.) As for the daughter, all I’ve been able to find so far is a remark from Laure Junot that “It was known that the count Armand de Fuentès had had a daughter with Mademoiselle Bigottini, and that Duroc was in the same position”.

[dncinginthemccnlight]

Closed starter: Sophie Osman and Barbara Lorraine (@crxwnedbarbie)

Location: The Marble Courtyard

Sophie loved the design of the courtyard, the strong contrast of the black and white stones formed in geometric precision while the gilded palace loomed behind. It was a stunning reminder of what France had been before the revolution and what many hoped it would become again. Still, there was change in the air as former duchies became kingdoms and countries were formed. While she pondered the implications, she noticed a blonde woman in front of her and decided to make new acquaintances; after all, was it not her job as Sultana to strengthen alliances or make new ones. "Is this not such a unique design for a palace? I find something new wherever I go," she remarked to the young woman. "Pardon, I should have introduced myself. I am Sophie Osman, Sultana of the Ottoman Empire."

[nobility-art]

Kaiser Franz I. Stephan

Artist: Martin van Meytens (Swedish-Austrian, 1695–1770)

Date: circa 1745-1765

Medium: Oil on Canvas

Collection: Belvedere, Vienna, Austria

Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor

Francis I (Francis Stephen; French: François Étienne; German: Franz Stefan; Italian: Francesco Stefano; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Lorraine and Bar, and Grand Duke of Tuscany. He became the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, Austria, and Tuscany through his marriage to Maria Theresa, daughter of Emperor Charles VI. Francis was the last non-Habsburg monarch of the Empire. The couple were the founders of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty, and their marriage produced sixteen children.

Francis was the oldest surviving son of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine, and the French princess Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans. Duke Leopold died in 1729, and was succeeded by their son. In 1736, Francis married Maria Theresa. In 1738, he left the Duchy of Lorraine and Bar for the deposed Polish king Stanisław Leszczyński in exchange for the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, as one of the terms ending the War of the Polish Succession. Following the death of his father-in-law, Charles VI, in 1740, Francis and his wife became the rulers of the Habsburg domains. Maria Theresa gave her husband responsibility for the empire's financial affairs, which he handled well. Francis died in 1765 and was succeeded by their son, Joseph II, who co-ruled Austria alongside Maria Theresa.

[scalamore]

MAP of the world of YM I love the worldbuilding for this series. For fun, here's a map. From what I noticed from the series, most, not all of these territories were mentioned, and here are some neat details:

Champagne, the Capital City, is split in half by a river (We can see RupeLali crossing it at the end of the kidnapping arc, when they back to the palace)

Morgan Barony - Riche was engaged to Baron Morgan in TL1 (unknown in TL2). Mariqus Gorten set it up as a political marriage, and Riche was not pleased. Despite being "only" a baron, he had tremendous political benefits since he occupied the area next to Champagne.

Auberine County - Count Auberine was one of the potential marriage candidates for Lari in TL2. Rupert took one look and identified him as a lame pervert lol.

Belois County actually has a lot of land, and has as much wealth and prestige as the Gorten Marquessate, whom has multiple mines. Belois also has a ton of knights in their personal army.

Count Vincent had a brief alliance with Marquis Gorten to de-stabilize Count Belois' power/authority (kidnapping arc). But that alliance fizzled (not much information) and the Vincent County didn't gain power as they hoped for.

The Hamel Viscountcy is kinda quiet. Their daughter, Sasha, attended Lari's bday party at the start and isn't mentioned again.

In terms of distance: on a good day, from Champagne to Belois is perhaps about a day a way, from Champagne to Lorraine is about half a day when in a rush (roughly)

The subcontinent of Vellnelni is mostly barren land except for the area where Champagne is - that's the center of commerce. It has long cold winters.

St Volgorwad is the holy city, has a nice blue lake there. The last few generations of the royal family (including RupeLali) aren't religious, so the power of the temple has really decreased. But the records of the "law of the land" are archived there, so they re-establish their bond with the temple, because more allies is always good, and they help Lari achieve power as Chief High Justice. But there very much is a separation of religion + state as before.

Surprisingly, Ardel isn't the capital of Willetan - Baha is.

In Willetan, we have the Miramonte Duchy - the ones who plotted to send Eva over as a slave with the Blue Eagle

Ardel is the area of commerce; it's also where Schlavi's (the magician's tower) is. Willetans are more open to using both Alchemy and Magic.

Eva was first sent to the Western Colonies as a slave/prisoner of war, where she met the Crazy War Hero, who fell in love with her at first sight.

Lari used up all her savings and purchased a small island/land off the Republic of Hirel as an emergency getaway for House Belois. This is also where Nigelle is said to have escaped to.

[whatthecrowtold]

#unhallowedarts The Tale Of Lohengrin, Wagner and the Golden Age of Illustration

“Aye , quick it is with the seeds of

change

With blessing and with bane.

But I deem it a thousand years shall run

Or ever beneath the open sun Thy voice shall sound again”

(T.W. Rolleston)

It was a knight in shining armour all right, albeit not white-steeded but pulled up the river Scheldt by a white swan, to save Elsa, ubiquitous damsel in distress, from dark Count Telramund’s cabal to usurp the Duchy of Brabant. In trial by combat, goes without saying, as it was the custom back in the days of King Henry the Fowler, which were at the turn of the 10th century when the place was part of the East-Frankish kingdom of Austrasia. Or so Richard Wagner would have it in his usually somewhat giddy take on Medieval epics and historical events. The valiant’s name, however, was Lohengrin, the one from Lothringen, Lorraine, obfuscating the man’s true origins: Lohengrin hailed from the grail castle Monsalvat, Wagner’s scene for “Parsifal” thirty years after “Lohengrin” premiered in Weimar in 1850.

Lohengrin’s mystical provenance is one of the arch-Romantic opera’s central motifs and, of course, the Germans have a word for it, “Frageverbot”, the forbidden question after the man’s origins, checking at least two of the “tall, dark, stranger” three boxes. Lohengrin is a luminous figure, but a rather sad one and the story ends in tears when the hero sails, swan-propelled, into the sunset after his work is done. Bitter, but Wagner and the zeitgeist wouldn’t have it any other way.

The tale of Lohengrin itself hails back to the High Middle Ages, honourably mentioned by Wolfram von Eschenbach in the early 13th century as Garin le Loherain in the minnesinger's “Parsifal”, gets two own contemporary verse epics and several variants of the swan knight theme over the next centuries until Wagner collected them all and crammed the rich material into his three hour opera, along with heroics from antiquity, elements that were perceived as Germanic paganism in the rather clouded view of the 19th century on Iron Age customs and beliefs and politics of Wagner’s own day when the Germans fought for their national unity. Along with romanticised Christian mysticism. Lohengrin is a grail knight, after all. And they do get properly married, Elsa and Lohengrin, to the sounds of “Here Comes the Bride”, no less, faithfully guided, “Treulich geführt” in Wagner’s original German from the opera’s libretto, a tune heard at the fabled joyous event across the globe ever since a Prussian royal wedding in 1858.

Wirkmächtig, efficacious, and if only for said tune, even if the topic borrowed from the old tale of Zeus and Semele, the metaphysic being hiding its true identity because the partner-to-be, as the saying goes, “can’t handle the truth” should raise every imaginable red flag, Romantic mystery or not. Even if Lohengrin reveals his true identity in the end, before his picturesque exeunt when the king calls to arms to make war against the pagan marauding Hungarians down South.

On that note, it is not without irony that Willy Pogany, born in 1882 in the back-then Austro-Hungarian city of Szeged, illustrated the tale of Wagner’s “Lohengrin” for Rolleston’s retelling with rich imagery that equals that of the better known Arthur Rackham’s of the “Ring” trilogy published around the same time. Pogany’s “Lohengrin” hit the booksellers’ shelves in 1911, along with “Parsifal” and “Tannhäuser”, when precious “gift books”, illuminated by the luminaries of the Golden Age of Illustration, were still all the rage as Christmas presents in a time when “education” was a hallmark of what passed as “better classes” back in the day.

Pogany, pronounced PO-gahn, immigrated to the US before the Great War turned the world upside down in Europe, after getting properly married in London, revealing his true identity from the very beginning, goes without saying. He continued to illustrate mainly children’s books and stuck to his Art Nouveau-influenced style that sometimes reminds of Edmund Dulac, albeit with stronger lines and expressions than the Anglo-French better-known master would come up with in his dreamy takes on often the same themes as Pogany took on.

T.W. Rolleston retelling of Wagner's "Lohengrin" along with all of Willy Pogany's enchanting (and often quite dark) illustrations can be cherished following the link to a facsimile below:

[dxncingxnmyown]

@classiqcals | Frederick and Lavinia, The Palace Courtyard

King Frederick Wolfenbuttel. Now, he liked the sound of that. Though it should not come as a surprise. For better or worse, he is a man born into luck (or luck, aided by privilege) and that luck puts him at equal footing with Europe's many rulers. Of course, it is not solely luck. The once-Duchy of Brunswick is vocal and relentless, in their pursuit of the truth. And once the Ottoman scum is exposed, he is the first to reap the rewards of his newly independent nation. What better way to celebrate, than to chat with an old friend (or foe)? "Your Highness." Frederick regards, formal yet with a hint of condescension. "It's rather funny, is it not? In a matter of months, you and I arrive at the same station." But where the Lorraine's bludgeoned and bribed their way into power, the Wolfenbuttel's merely glide into it. "To your victory." He caps his hat, with a smirk in full glow.

[vivelafranceblog]

Nancy

City in France

Nancy, a riverfront city in the northeastern French region of Grand Est, is known for its late baroque and art nouveau landmarks, some dating to its days as the former capital of the Duchy of Lorraine. Its focal point is the 18th-century Place Stanislas. This grand square, decorated with gilded wrought-iron gates and rococo fountains, rests by the ornate palaces and churches filling the city’s medieval old town. 

Area: 15.01 km²

Postal code: 54395 /54000

Area1: 15.01 km2 (5.80 sq mi)

Arrondissement: Nancy

Demonym(s): Nancéien (masculine); Nancéienne (feminine)

Nancy — Wikipédia

Nancy, France - Wikipedia

Nancy, France by hapephotographix

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 8.16 (before 1920)

1 BC – Wang Mang consolidates his power in China and is declared marshal of state. Emperor Ai of Han, who died the previous day, had no heirs. 942 – Start of the four-day Battle of al-Mada'in, between the Hamdanids of Mosul and the Baridis of Basra over control of the Abbasid capital, Baghdad. 963 – Nikephoros II Phokas is crowned emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1328 – The House of Gonzaga seizes power in the Duchy of Mantua, and will rule until 1708. 1513 – Battle of the Spurs (Battle of Guinegate): King Henry VIII of England and his Imperial allies defeat French Forces who are then forced to retreat. 1570 – The Principality of Transylvania is established after John II Zápolya renounces his claim as King of Hungary in the Treaty of Speyer. 1652 – Battle of Plymouth: Inconclusive naval action between the fleets of Michiel de Ruyter and George Ayscue in the First Anglo-Dutch War. 1777 – American Revolutionary War: The Americans led by General John Stark rout British and Brunswick troops under Friedrich Baum at the Battle of Bennington in Walloomsac, New York. 1780 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Camden: The British defeat the Americans near Camden, South Carolina. 1792 – Maximilien de Robespierre presents the petition of the Commune of Paris to the Legislative Assembly, which demanded the formation of a revolutionary tribunal. 1793 – French Revolution: A levée en masse is decreed by the National Convention. 1812 – War of 1812: American General William Hull surrenders Fort Detroit without a fight to the British Army. 1819 – Peterloo Massacre: Seventeen people die and over 600 are injured in cavalry charges at a public meeting at St. Peter's Field, Manchester, England. 1841 – U.S. President John Tyler vetoes a bill which called for the re-establishment of the Second Bank of the United States. Enraged Whig Party members riot outside the White House in the most violent demonstration on White House grounds in U.S. history. 1844 – Governor-general of the Philippines Narciso Claveria, signs a decree to reform the country's calendar by skipping Tuesday, December 31, as a solution to anomalies that had existed since 1844. 1858 – U.S. President James Buchanan inaugurates the new transatlantic telegraph cable by exchanging greetings with Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. However, a weak signal forces a shutdown of the service in a few weeks. 1859 – The Grand Duchy of Tuscany formally deposes the exiled House of Lorraine. 1863 – The Dominican Restoration War begins when Gregorio Luperón raises the Dominican flag in Santo Domingo after Spain had recolonized the country. 1869 – Battle of Acosta Ñu: A Paraguayan battalion largely made up of children is massacred by the Brazilian Army during the Paraguayan War. 1870 – Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Mars-la-Tour is fought, resulting in a Prussian victory. 1876 – Richard Wagner's Siegfried, the penultimate opera in his Ring cycle, is premiered at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus. 1891 – The Basilica of San Sebastian, Manila, the first all-steel church in Asia, is officially inaugurated and blessed. 1896 – Skookum Jim Mason, George Carmack and Dawson Charlie discover gold in a tributary of the Klondike River in Canada, setting off the Klondike Gold Rush. 1900 – The Battle of Elands River during the Second Boer War ends after a 13-day siege is lifted by the British. The battle had begun when a force of between 2,000 and 3,000 Boers had surrounded a force of 500 Australians, Rhodesians, Canadians and British soldiers at a supply dump at Brakfontein Drift. 1906 – The 8.2 Mw Valparaíso earthquake hits central Chile, killing 3,882 people. 1913 – Tōhoku Imperial University of Japan (modern day Tohoku University) becomes the first university in Japan to admit female students. 1913 – Completion of the Royal Navy battlecruiser HMS Queen Mary. 1916 – The Migratory Bird Treaty between Canada and the United States is signed. 1918 – The Battle of Lake Baikal was fought between the Czechoslovak Legion and the Red Army.

[edwin--artifex]

Video from the series "String of Pearls" directed by Cinzia Th. Torrini/ Written & directed by: Cinzia Th. Torrini / Production: Cassiopea Film Production S.r.l., Rome/for Marchesi Antinori S.p.A., winemakers

Voice over: Edwin Alexander Francis

N°. 1: Le Mortelle

The Le Mortelle estate is located in the Tuscan Maremma near the town of Castiglione della Pescaia. It was once part of a even larger property called La Badiola, important enough to be already identified on the maps of Grand Duke Leopoldo II of Tuscany in the 19th century. The Hapsburg Lorraine rulers of the Grand Duchy, by draining the marshy and malaria-ridden area around Grosseto, the local capital, wished to make their La Badiola and Alberese estates model properties for the raising of cattle.

The estate has belonged to the Antinori family since 1999, and it has worked both on the vineyards and the new cellars with the firm conviction that the area, at the time just emerging into prominence in the overall panorama if Italian wine, had a very significant potential for the production of high quality wine. The family also believed that here the finest characteristics of the terroir and the varieties to be planted could fully find an excellent expression.

Mortella is the name of the wild myrrh which characterizes this coastal area of Tuscany and is the symbol of the property: it also derives its name from this fragrant Mediterranean shrub.

for in-depth info ->

The Antinori family ->

N°.2 ->

The Guado al Tasso estate is located near Bolgheri on the Tuscan coast, 96 kilometers (60 miles) to the southwest of Florence. The 300 hectares (750 acres) planted to vineyards on the property are in the center of the so-called” Bolgheri amphitheater”: rolling hillsides which surround a splendid plain which slopes gently towards the sea and create a micro-climate with unique characteristics. Guado al Tasso, the flagship wine of the estate, expresses all of the force and suppleness of this corner of the upper Maremma. It has contributed to raise Bolgheri to the level of the most important areas of Europe’s viticulture, expressing a decisively Mediterranean character of power, elegance, and balance.

N°.3 ->

The Fattoria Aldobrandesca estate is located near the town of Sovana in the isolated, uncontaminated southern part of the Tuscan Maremma. The area is characterized by its fertility, indeed by its virtually wild character. In this rich territory, the Aldobrandesca estate represents a microcosm of incredible variety. In the space of a very few hectares, the soil takes on many different shadings of color: white pumice stone, tufaceous soils which range from yellow to garnet red, black volcanic rock. And, yet again, all the various shades of brown. It is here, with this diversity of minerals, that international varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Malbec are cultivated, as is the native Aleatico, all with interesting results, immersed as they are in a microcosm of differing soils and in a temperate micro-climate which benefits from the nearby presence of the Argentario peninsula, jutting out into the Mediterranean Sea.

for in-depth info ->

N°.4 La Braccesca estate - Montepulciano

Just a few miles away from the city of Montepulciano, near the border between Tuscany and neighboring Umbria, the La Braccesca estate is surrounded by a splendid territory, first Etruscan and Roman, then medieval and Renaissance. The property extends over 508 hectares (1255 acres) where, once upon a time, the holdings of the Bracci counts– who gave their name to the estate - were located: the counts, whose name means “arm” in Italian, also gave their coat of arms to the property, an armored arm which holds a sword. The land owned by La Braccesca is situated in two very close, but entirely different, zones: Montepulciano, the classic and prestigious area of “Vino Nobile”, and Cortona, which has made a name for itself in world markets principally with international grape varieties, above all Syrah. These two different “souls”, the essential spirit of different terroirs, represent the La Braccesca style with its respect for tradition and, at the same time, tireless research, its balance between the old and the new, its professional mastery in its work and its passion for quality. The wines of the La Braccesca estate are the results of this happy synthesis.

for in-depth info ->

N°.5

The Tenuta Tignanello estate is in the heart of Chianti Classico, in the gently rolling hillsides between the Greve and Pesa river valleys. It extends over an area of 319 hectares (788 acres), of which about 130 (321 acres) are dedicated to vines. Two of the estate’s prized vineyards are on the same hillside, Tignanello and Solaia, on soils that originated from marine marlstone from the Pliocene period rich in limestone and schist. The vines enjoy hot temperatures during the day and cooler evenings throughout the growing season. The estate’s two signature wines, Solaia and Tignanello, are produced from these vineyards and have been defined by the international press as “among the most influential wines in the history of Italian viticulture”.

for in-depth info ->

N°.6 ->

The Castello della Sala towers over a tufaceous promontory of the Umbrian Apennines (at 534 meters, or some 1750 feet, above sea level) just a short distance away from the boundary with Tuscany and approximately 18 kilometers (11 miles) from the historic city of Orvieto. It is a lovely medieval fortress, surrounded by historic, hillside Etruscan villages, halfway between the Paglia river and the peak of Mount Nibbio. The estate consists of a total surface area of 500 hectares (1250 acres), 140 of which (345 acres) are planted to vineyards located at 200-450 meters (650-1480 feet) above sea level on clayey soils rich in Pliocene-epoch fossils of volcanic and sedimentary origin. Approximately eight hectares (20 acres) are covered by olive groves for the production, for domestic use, of extra-virgin olive oil.

for more in-depth information on the Castello della Sala castle and vineyard, please click on the link below ->

[ekino-tv]

Wyczarowanie przerażającej magii horroru

Gatunek horroru zawsze zajmował szczególne miejsce w sercach kinomanów poszukujących mocnych wrażeń, a niewiele marek zdołało tak urzekać widzów jak seria filmowa Obecność. Od samego początku ten mrożący krew w żyłach kinowy wszechświat zabiera widzów w przerażającą podróż przez nawiedzone domy, demoniczne opętania i dochodzenia dotyczące zjawisk nadprzyrodzonych. W tym artykule przyjrzymy się wyjątkowym aspektom, które sprawiają, że serial „Obecność” wyróżnia się w świecie horrorów, i zagłębimy się w szerszą atrakcyjność horroru jako gatunku.

Wszechświat Przywoływania w serii

Tym, co wyróżnia serię „Obecność”, jest jej wzajemnie powiązany wszechświat. Podczas gdy wiele serii horrorów opowiada się za samodzielnymi historiami, „Obecność” splata gobelin paranormalnych doświadczeń, wprowadzając szereg postaci i bytów, które składają się na nadrzędną narrację. Od Warrenów, prawdziwych badaczy zjawisk paranormalnych granych przez Patricka Wilsona i Verę Farmigę, po złowrogie duchy nawiedzające różne rodziny, każda część składa się na ogólną mitologię, tworząc poczucie ciągłości, która sprawia, że widzowie wracają po więcej. Podobnie film Zakonnica 2 online, która zagłębia się w to universum.

Na podstawie prawdziwych wydarzeń

Jednym z najbardziej fascynujących aspektów serii „Obecność” jest jej oparcie na rzeczywistych przypadkach badanych przez Eda i Lorraine Warrenów. To powiązanie z prawdziwymi wydarzeniami dodaje widzom dodatkowej warstwy strachu, dzięki czemu zjawiska nadprzyrodzone ukazane na ekranie są jeszcze bardziej niepokojące. Autentyczność i dbałość o szczegóły w odtwarzaniu tych przypadków przyczyniają się do wciągającego i mrożącego krew w żyłach doświadczenia, które definiuje markę.

Mistrzowskie opowiadanie historii w horrorze

Sercem każdego udanego horroru jest dobrze skonstruowana historia, a serial „Obecność” przoduje pod tym względem. Filmy umiejętnie budują napięcie, wykorzystując połączenie nastrojowych zdjęć, niesamowitego dźwięku i fachowej dynamiki, aby stworzyć intensywną i pełną napięcia atmosferę. Narracje często łączą elementy horroru psychologicznego z jump-scare'ami, zapewniając wielowymiarowy strach, który trafia do zróżnicowanej publiczności.

Rozszerzanie uniwersum horroru

Poza serią „Obecność” gatunek horroru przeżywa w ostatnich latach renesans. Filmy takie jak „Uciekaj”, „Ciche miejsce” i „Dziedzictwo” przesunęły granice tradycyjnego horroru, badając kwestie społeczne, dynamikę rodziny i terror psychologiczny. Ta ewolucja pokazuje zdolność gatunku do dostosowywania się do zmieniających się lęków społecznych, przy jednoczesnym zachowaniu jego podstawowego uroku – dreszczyku emocji przed nieznanym i strachu przed zjawiskami nadprzyrodzonymi.

Urok horroru dla widzów

Dlaczego widzowie chętnie poddają się terrorowi horrorów? Odpowiedź leży w przypływie adrenaliny i oczyszczającym uwolnieniu, które wynika z konfrontacji ze strachem w kontrolowanym środowisku. Horror pozwala nam eksplorować mroczniejsze zakamarki naszej wyobraźni, siedząc bezpiecznie w teatrze lub na kanapach, przypominając nam o kruchości naszego istnienia i nieznanym, które czai się w cieniach.

Czy ta seria to dobre horrory?

Seria „Obecność” stała się kamieniem węgielnym współczesnego horroru, urzekając widzów mrożącymi krew w żyłach opowieściami o zjawiskach nadprzyrodzonych. Łącząc bogate, powiązane ze sobą uniwersum z mistrzowską narracją i oparciem na prawdziwych wydarzeniach, filmy te na nowo zdefiniowały, co to znaczy bać się w kinie. Wraz z ewolucją gatunku horroru, „Obecność” stanowi świadectwo trwałej siły strachu i dreszczyku emocji związanego z nieznanym. Tak więc, gdy następnym razem przyciągnie Cię ciemność nawiedzonego domu na ekranie, pamiętaj, że nie jesteś sam — magia kina grozy jest po to, aby wyczarować Twoje najgłębsze lęki i zapierać dech w piersiach.

[nobility-art]

Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor

Artist: Martin van Meytens (Swedish-Austrian, 1695 - 1770)

Title: Francis I 1708-65 Holy Roman Emperor And Husband Of Empress Maria Theresa Of Austria 1717-80

Francis I (Francis Stephen; French: François Étienne; German: Franz Stefan; Italian: Francesco Stefano; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Lorraine and Bar, and Grand Duke of Tuscany. He became the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, Austria, and Tuscany through his marriage to Maria Theresa, daughter of Emperor Charles VI. Francis was the last non-Habsburg monarch of the Empire. The couple were the founders of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty, and their marriage produced sixteen children.

Francis was the oldest surviving son of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine, and the French princess Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans. Duke Leopold died in 1729, and was succeeded by their son. In 1736, Francis married Maria Theresa. In 1738, he left the Duchy of Lorraine and Bar for the deposed Polish king Stanisław Leszczyński in exchange for the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, as one of the terms ending the War of the Polish Succession. Following the death of his father-in-law, Charles VI, in 1740, Francis and his wife became the rulers of the Habsburg domains. Maria Theresa gave her husband responsibility for the empire's financial affairs, which he handled well. Francis died in 1765 and was succeeded by their son, Joseph II, who co-ruled Austria alongside Maria Theresa.

[elfflqjflaoss]

딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 1화~12화 (완결) ENA

딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 1화~12화 (완결) ENA 링크<<

딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 1화~12화 (완결) ENA

딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 1화~12화 (완결) ENA

딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 1화~12화 (완결) ENA

딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 1화~12화 (완결) ENA

딜리버리맨 드라마 다시보기 1화~12화 (완결) ENA

People from the Standeshair family were treated as equal marriages, not nominal marriages. In reality, there were times when she wasn't kept well… refer to that document. Of course, in modern times, in addition to the old royal family and the Standesheir family, the Hessen-Kassel family and the Hanover dynasty, which were merged into the Kingdom of Prussia in 1866, are also eligible for equal marriage with foreign royal families. In the case of the Hessen-Kassel family, the Grand Duchy of Hesse, ruled by their relative, the Hessen-Darmstadt family, remained as a constituent state of the German Empire, and the Hanover family was also a relative of the British royal family, so even if the country disappeared, unlike the Standeshair, it was recognized as a royal bloodline. The kingdoms (Bayern, Saxony, Württemberg), 6th Grand Duchy, 5th Duchy, and 7th Duchy, which became constituent states after the establishment of the German Empire in 1871, were not incorporated into Prussia but were federal constituent states of the German Empire, so these also They were eligible for equal marriage with a foreign royal family.

In addition to the above cases, the descendants of the generally abolished royal family are usually treated equally with the reigning royal family in matters of marriage between the nobles and the heavens. In the case of the above-mentioned case of the Hessen-Kassel family, the Grand Duchess of Tuscany, a branch of the Habsburg family, the Parma family, and the Two Sicilies, a branch of the Bourbon royal family, there are cases where the abolished royal family is a branch of the reigning royal family, and even if it is not such a case, Europe This is because the princes and princesses of usually have a complicated blood relationship. In the case of France, marriage between the noble and the lowly was not strictly regulated by law, but it was customarily avoided. Since French aristocrats had to obtain the permission of the French monarch or their lord before marrying, noble marriages were filtered out.

In the case of monarchs, there was the marriage of the Duke of Orléans, who later ascended the throne as Henry II, and Catherine de Medici of the Medici family. However, since her older brother, Prince François, was alive at this time, she did not think that Catherine would become queen. Later, when Henry II ascended the throne, Catherine's status was a problem, but it was recognized as a general marriage because there was no set rule. In fact, Catherine de' Medici was a descendant of a merchant on her father's side and was a member of the Medici family, but on her mother's side she inherited the blood of French royalty. Catherine de' Medici's maternal grandmother, Jeanne, was a daughter of the Bourbon family, a descendant of the royal family, and her daughter Madeleine married Lorenzo Medici, a niece of the pope, according to the will of the King of France, who had his eyes on Italy at the time. Their daughter is Catherine de Medicis. Lorenzo Medici was also titled 'Duke of Urbino' by her uncle, and after Lorenzo's death, Urbino passed to another family, but the title nominally passed to Catherine, who married Henri as 'Duke of Urbino'. In other words, it may be a noble marriage in terms of paternal lineage, but it has some shape in terms of maternal lineage.

Later, in the case of King Henri III, he married Princess Louise of Lorraine, but Louise was only occasionally said to be of a low class, and it was also considered an equal marriage. Strictly speaking, Queen Louise's low status had nothing to do with her family. It was because Edda, the daughter of the second son of the Duke of Lorraine, who was far from her sovereignty, and her father had remarried twice, so she was living under her second stepmother who was 3 years older than her, and was being mistreated like Cinderella. In addition, Henri III, who was famous for being sentimental and impromptu, broke up with his lover, the Duchess of Condé after failing to marry, and on the way to the Polish-Lithuanian coronation ceremony, he suddenly met Louise, who was on a family trip, and suddenly proposed to her. These were the words that the original bride candidates complained about.

In the case of Lorraine, it is a strict ruling family, and members of the Lorraine family can marry members of the royal family of other countries.[16] In fact, the 'lower' family was not the Lorraine family, but its branch, the Guise family, and was treated as a Foreign Prince[18] half a level lower than the ruling family. For example, Charles V, Duke of Lorraine [19] married Eleanor of Austria, half-sister of Leopold I, a close friend, and his son, Duke Leopold of Lorraine, married Louis XIV's niece Elizabeth Charlotte d'Orléans (Louis XIII's second son). The third daughter of the Duke of Orléans, and grandson François Étienne de Lorraine, married Maria Theresia of Austria, who later became Holy Roman Emperor Franz I. In addition, Franz I's younger sister had a marriage talk with Louis XV and her maternal cousin, Duke Louis Dorleans [20], but it was canceled by the Prime Minister, the Duke of Condé, and then married Carlo Emanuele III of the Kingdom of Sardinia.

Later, in the case of Louis XIV, he had a secret marriage with Madame de Maintenon, and considering that he tried to give succession rights to bastard children (more precisely, illegitimate children)[21] [22]

[nebris]

The Nine Years' War (1688–1697), also known as the War of the Grand Alliance or War of the League of Augsburg,[d] was a conflict between France and the Grand Alliance, a coalition including the Holy Roman Empire, the Dutch Republic, England, Spain, and Savoy. While concentrated in Europe, fighting spread to the Americas, India, and West Africa, and it has been called the first world war.[12][13][14][15] Related conflicts included the Williamite war in Ireland, and King William's War in North America.

Louis XIV of France emerged from the Franco-Dutch War in 1678 as the most powerful monarch in Europe. Using a combination of aggression, annexation, and quasi-legal means, he then set about extending his gains to strengthen France's frontiers, culminating in the 1683 to 1684 War of the Reunions. The Truce of Ratisbon guaranteed these new borders for twenty years, but concerns among European Protestants over French expansion and anti-Protestant policies led to the creation of the Grand Alliance, headed by William of Orange.

Louis XIV's decision to cross the Rhine in September 1688 was designed to extend his influence and pressure the Holy Roman Empire into accepting his territorial and dynastic claims. However, Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and German princes supported the Dutch in opposing French aims, while the November 1688 Glorious Revolution secured English resources and support for the Alliance. Over the new few years, fighting focused around the Spanish Netherlands, the Rhineland, the Duchy of Savoy, and Catalonia. Although the initial military balance favoured France, by 1696 neither side was able to gain a significant advantage, and the main belligerents were financially exhausted, making them keen to negotiate a settlement.

Under the terms of the 1697 Peace of Ryswick, France retained Alsace but returned Lorraine to its ruler, and relinquished gains on the right bank of the Rhine. Louis XIV also recognised William III as the rightful king of England, while the Dutch acquired barrier fortresses in the Spanish Netherlands to help secure their borders. However, both sides viewed the peace as only a pause in hostilities, since it failed to resolve who would succeed the ailing and childless Charles II of Spain as ruler of the Spanish Empire, a question that had dominated European politics for over 30 years. This would lead to the War of the Spanish Succession in 1701.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nine_Years%27_War

[dutch-and-flemish-painters]

Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (French: le Bien-Aimé),[1] was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached maturity (then defined as his 13th birthday) in 1723, the kingdom was ruled by his grand-uncle Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, as Regent of France. Cardinal Fleury was chief minister from 1726 until his death in 1743, at which time the king took sole control of the kingdom.

His reign of almost 59 years (from 1715 to 1774) was the second longest in the history of France, exceeded only by his predecessor, Louis XIV, who had ruled for 72 years (from 1643 to 1715). In 1748, Louis returned the Austrian Netherlands, won at the Battle of Fontenoy of 1745. He ceded New France in North America to Great Britain and Spain at the conclusion of the disastrous Seven Years' War in 1763. He incorporated the territories of the Duchy of Lorraine and the Corsican Republic into the Kingdom of France. Historians generally criticize his reign, citing how reports of his corruption embarrassed the monarchy, while his wars drained the treasury and produced little gain. A minority of scholars dispute this view, arguing that it is the result of revolutionary propaganda. His grandson and successor Louis XVI inherited a large kingdom in need of financial and political reform which would ultimately lead to the French Revolution of 1789.

Jean-Baptiste van Loo (14 January 1684 – 19 December 1745) was a French subject and portrait painter.

Jean-Baptiste van Loo: Luís XV de Francia aos 17 anos (1727)

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 8.16 (before 1900)

1 BC – Wang Mang consolidates his power in China and is declared marshal of state. Emperor Ai of Han, who died the previous day, had no heirs. 942 – Start of the four-day Battle of al-Mada'in, between the Hamdanids of Mosul and the Baridis of Basra over control of the Abbasid capital, Baghdad. 963 – Nikephoros II Phokas is crowned emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1328 – The House of Gonzaga seizes power in the Duchy of Mantua, and will rule until 1708. 1513 – Battle of the Spurs (Battle of Guinegate): King Henry VIII of England and his Imperial allies defeat French Forces who are then forced to retreat. 1570 – The Principality of Transylvania is established after John II Zápolya renounces his claim as King of Hungary in the Treaty of Speyer. 1652 – Battle of Plymouth: Inconclusive naval action between the fleets of Michiel de Ruyter and George Ayscue in the First Anglo-Dutch War. 1777 – American Revolutionary War: The Americans led by General John Stark rout British and Brunswick troops under Friedrich Baum at the Battle of Bennington in Walloomsac, New York. 1780 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Camden: The British defeat the Americans near Camden, South Carolina. 1792 – Maximilien de Robespierre presents the petition of the Commune of Paris to the Legislative Assembly, which demanded the formation of a revolutionary tribunal. 1793 – French Revolution: A levée en masse is decreed by the National Convention. 1812 – War of 1812: American General William Hull surrenders Fort Detroit without a fight to the British Army. 1819 – Peterloo Massacre: Seventeen people die and over 600 are injured in cavalry charges at a public meeting at St. Peter's Field, Manchester, England. 1841 – U.S. President John Tyler vetoes a bill which called for the re-establishment of the Second Bank of the United States. Enraged Whig Party members riot outside the White House in the most violent demonstration on White House grounds in U.S. history. 1858 – U.S. President James Buchanan inaugurates the new transatlantic telegraph cable by exchanging greetings with Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. However, a weak signal forces a shutdown of the service in a few weeks. 1859 – The Grand Duchy of Tuscany formally deposes the exiled House of Lorraine. 1863 – The Dominican Restoration War begins when Gregorio Luperón raises the Dominican flag in Santo Domingo after Spain had recolonized the country. 1869 – Battle of Acosta Ñu: A Paraguayan battalion largely made up of children is massacred by the Brazilian Army during the Paraguayan War. 1870 – Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Mars-la-Tour is fought, resulting in a Prussian victory. 1876 – Richard Wagner's Siegfried, the penultimate opera in his Ring cycle, premieres at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus. 1891 – The Basilica of San Sebastian, Manila, the first all-steel church in Asia, is officially inaugurated and blessed. 1896 – Skookum Jim Mason, George Carmack and Dawson Charlie discover gold in a tributary of the Klondike River in Canada, setting off the Klondike Gold Rush.