#disposable surgical products

[bellcrossindustries]

Top-Quality Surgical Disposable Products Manufacturer in Mumbai -Bellcross Industries

Find top-quality surgical disposable products manufacturer in Mumbai at Bellcross Industries. Trusted manufacturer offering a wide range of medical supplies for hospitals and healthcare facilities. Browse now!

[madhuinstrument]

Madhu Instruments | Ophthalmic Products Manufacturers in India 

[macgyvermedical]

Let's Talk ESRD and Dialysis

Have you thanked your kidneys today? Do you feel grateful when you pee? How about when you eat a little too much potassium or drink a little too much water, do you really enjoy feeling confident that your kidneys will just dispose of the excess?

If so, you probably know the alternative.

About 10% of the world's population has a condition called Chronic Kidney Disease, or CKD. About 2 million of those people are in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and require dialysis or a kidney transplant to live.

Your kidneys are amazing things. They are two organs that sit outside of the sac that hold the rest of the abdominal organs, called the peritoneum. They take in blood from the body, determine the levels of electrolytes, water, and waste products in that blood, and remove the waste products and excess electrolytes and water.

They also have secondary tasks. They monitor the amount of red blood cells in your blood and send out hormones that entice the bone marrow to make more when we're low. They also monitor blood pressure and release hormones that raise that blood pressure when it gets low.

Lots of things can hurt the kidneys. For example, poorly controlled high blood pressure and poorly controlled diabetes are among the top reasons why kidneys fail. Additionally, being dehydrated while engaging in strenuous exercise or taking medications like ibuprofen or naproxen (any NSAIDs) can cause kidney damage.

We measure how well the kidneys are working via the Glomerular Filtration Rate, or GFR. This is a measure of (essentially) how much blood in milliliters the kidneys filter per minute. 90 or higher is normal, while a GFR of 15 or lower is considered ESRD.

So let's say someone has a GFR of less than 15 and the decision is made to start them on dialysis and put them on the kidney transplant list. What options do they have?

Well, they need to figure out if they want to do hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

In hemodialysis, the patient is hooked up to a machine that runs their blood across a special membrane. On the other side of the membrane, a solution called dialysate draws excess water, electrolytes, and waste products from the blood. Hemodialysis is usually done at a dialysis center for 3-5 hours, 3 times per week.

Hemodialysis is better for patients who have either failed home peritoneal dialysis or can't or aren't comfortable with doing the technical part of the job by themself at home. There is also a social component, where dialysis is a chance to meet and interact with other people who are going through the same things they are.

People who undergo hemodialysis have to have some kind of "access", or a way for the blood to come out of their body, go through a machine, and go back into their body. For some people, this is a dialysis catheter that is inserted into the person's chest and looks like this:

It can also be a fistula. A fistula is the surgical connection between a vein and an artery in the arm or leg. Over time, this connection becomes large and rubbery, and each time dialysis is done, two needles (one to remove blood, and one to return it) are placed in the fistula. A fistula often looks like this:

In peritoneal dialysis, the patient instills the dialysate directly into the sac that holds their abdominal organs. The sac itself acts as the membrane, and dialysate draws the electrolytes, water, and waste directly through the sac wall. They then wait a certain number of hours, and drain the dialysate. This can be done manually by the patient during the day, or at night while the patient sleeps with a machine called an automatic cycler. Usually peritoneal dialysis is done every day, with 2-4 cycles of 4 hours per cycle.

People using peritoneal dialysis also need a form of access, but instead of it being to their blood stream, it is to their peritoneum. Here's what that looks like:

The catheter is placed surgically into the peritoneum, and stays there all the time, even in between dialysis sessions.

Someone using peritoneal dialysis has to be very careful when they are accessing their dialysis catheter. This is because the biggest problem with peritoneal dialysis is the risk of a life threatening infection called peritonitis. Someone who gets peritonitis too many times may need to switch to hemodialysis.

Here is what a manual exchange looks ilke:

Someone may choose to do peritoneal dialysis over hemodialysis because it affords more freedom to keep a job or do daily tasks like keeping house. People who do PD also don't have to find rides to the dialysis center. However, they do have to take on more of the responsibility for making sure they do treatments correctly and be able to keep accurate records of the treatments they give themselves. Peritoneal dialysis also tends to be less taxing on the body, and have fewer side effects than hemodialysis when done correctly.

[mrfancyfoot]

Plots & Prosody: Prompts

Raphael x Evie (f!OC)

.

- Bite of Cold -

"Just because Raphael must dispose of the many enemies standing between him and his rule of the Hells doesn’t mean he needs to be wasteful.

Or: Raphael presents Evie with some nice, new hides of his enemies furs to fight off the chill of winter that has come to Baldur’s Gate."

Prompt: Warming the Chill

Happy Solstice! I’ve been ill (again) and wanted to write something warm and seasonal between some other stuff.  This installment swings kinda wildly from dark power fantasy to cute fluff to dark/very suggestive romance. :)

.

Rating: M / NSFW Word Count: ~2k Timeline: Plots & Prosody, Part II - Canon Tags: POV Raphael; Evie (She/Her Pronouns Used; Has Fox Features); Hellhounds; Dark Romance; Fluff; Indulgent Schmoop; Date Night; Story Time; ❄️ Seasonal Gift Giving 🎁; Raphael’s Theatrics; Raphael Has a Praise Kink if You Look Close; Raphael's Thinly Disguised Size Kink; Devil is Smitten; Only Soft For Her; Devil Courtship Warnings: Violence & Gore (Skinning an Animal); Murder; Possessive Raphael; Voyeurism; Highly Suggestive Sexual Content (Referenced PiV and Oral - No Sex "On Screen," but Raphael's gratuitous in his language)

Main Fic (Rated E/Varied): AO3 + Tumblr | Master List (contains related prompts)

[Quick Context: After being isekai'd by the nautiloid, Evie spends most of Plots & Prosody Part I (Game Events) “befriending the devil,” yet denying him her soul.  Once things settle after game events, Evie goes about her new life kick-starting her business and re-inventing modern-day things. As somewhat of a demi-ro cinnamon bun, she remains oblivious to Raphael's attempts at courting her and chalks many of his more questionable behaviors up to cultural differences.]

Part of my devil courtship series.

❤️ Thanks for reading! :3 ❤️

It wasn’t often that he fouled his own claws with the mind-numbing task of dispatching pitiful devils but a pair in particular had caught his eye as they skulked about through the shadows, searching for weaknesses and information among his forces to take back to their master.

Winter was blanketing the City of Baldur’s Gate and through the strife and ruinnous magics, a brutal cold had descended upon it.  He recalled the frequent shivers and complaints of the chill from his little fox. Until it was safe to do so with Avernus fully under his reign, he could not move her more permanently into the heat of his home and embrace.

But…

Being a provider of warmth in another manner was the next best option as he continued to woo her.

“You should feel honored.  Your pathetic hide shall now grace another - a gift for the future Archduchess!”

Snapping jaws and sharp claws were no match for him.

He admired the dense, rippling fur of the hellhound within his grip, its toothy maw wide and long tongue lolling about in a manner belying more life than its owner.  Its brethren lie broken and motionless at his feet.

With a surgically careful claw, he sliced and rent the hides from pungent, bloody flesh, uncaring of what became of the mass of slaughtered carcasses dropped to the dirt.  Thrilling, though, it may have been, to skin them alive and shrieking, he decided against chancing anything less than perfect for his gift through their struggles.  Raphael now thought only of how best he should present them to her.

The only challenge due him in this battle had been in avoiding unduly marring the hounds as he struck them down.  A successful endeavor for the hunter!

He had his spoils delivered to a skilled furrier.  After three days' time, he paid them a visit to inspect and collect the final products.

What awaited him were two glossy, soft pelts of midnight black fashioned into a pair of blankets and a scarf that retained their hellish heat and would repel even the harshest of winter chills.

He ran a hand over the finished furs.

Magnificent.

.

.

Wishing to bypass the tedium of being made to wait in her receiving room by her housekeeper, yet still invoke that mystique of a courtly suitor, he arrived, instead, just beyond her balcony doors.  With the curtains drawn open, he was able to silently spy inside her bedroom.

Evie was seated at her vanity readying herself with her back to him.  For their evening out, she had donned a conservative, green, velvet dress and blackened, sheer stockings.  The sash around her slender waist was bowed above the dense fur of her tail, the tip of which swayed just above the floor.  Her fingers worked quickly to thread strands of curling auburn hair into a braid, pinning it behind her ear with a matching bow.  

She did like her pretty collection of hair bows and clips and combs.  

They lent to the air of flirtatiously chaste innocence that he knew merely guised the seductive vixen beneath.  He would look forward to peeling away the layers like gift wrap to reveal the pale flesh beneath later.

Now, as practiced…

He rapped sharply on the glass causing her to whip around in surprise.  The fox lept from her stool and rounded her bed, unlocking the bolt and twisting one of the knobs to push open the door.

She looked up at him with a bright smile and waggle of her tail.  “Hi, there!  Come in, come in.”

“Good evening, my dear,” he returned as he took the door from her and closed out the chill behind himself as he entered her room.  

“A bit early today, yeah?” she teased as she returned to her vanity and prised open a small tin.  “I was just finishing up, though.”  Her finger rubbed a balm into her lips.

A quiet sound directed his attention to an odd contraption sat upon her bedside table that hadn’t been there when he visited the prior tenday.  A large glass container was filled with gently gurgling water and misting it into the room at intervals.  “A new apparatus of yours?”

“A humidifier!” she exclaimed with pride.  “My skin’s gotten so dry with the cold, and I picked up a bit of a morning cough from the dry night air.  It’s helped quite a bit!  Keeps the plants happy, too.  Since I don’t have a giant pool in my bedroom and all.”

He smiled at the ribbing but frowned as another thought occurred to him.  Avernus was inhospitably dry and his pool of restoration served multiple purposes to create comfort within his home, but her bedroom provided there was isolated from it.  His hospitality could not be found wanting by his intended.

“It is a clever thing.  Next you visit my House, let us devise a solution for your quarters.”  Though he could merely provide himself, he did love listening to the unique ways her mind worked.  And allowing her to aid in such decisions bonded her closer to all that would soon be hers.

“It is pretty dry there, too.  I can just make another,” she shrugged.

“I believe we can do better for a more permanent fixture.”  He regathered himself and straightened.  “But that is a distraction for another time - I did arrive early for a reason.”

“Oh?”  Evie canted her head, curiosity piqued.

With a grin, Raphael strode to stand in front of her fireplace, closing her curtains with a snap to set the desired atmosphere.

He heard her quiet gasp, “Story time!”  She picked up her vanity stool and moved it closer to watch raptly.

“As the Avernal sun cast shadows about the desolate land, sneaking from between the depths of ruddy mountain and cliffside, I did spy a pair that moved,” he began his captivating tale.  “Hellhounds!  Intelligence gatherers working fleet on their feet for Archdevil Zariel.  Monstrous canid devils with coats of blackest pitch and glowing maws that spit and drool fire.”  The fire behind him sparked forth embers with his words and she jumped, her eyes wide.

“I, of course, could not allow such beasts to cross the line of battle and weasel their way around my forces!  Away, I lured them, to an outlying crag, whereupon I descended in ambush from the very shadows through which they moved.”  He dimmed the fire and drew forth a clutch of flaming embers into his fist held up in mimicry of one of the hounds’ flaming mouths.

“Though they howled and thrashed their claws about, neither was any match for my might.  But!  As I fought, I took the utmost care to preserve them whole.”  He dropped the embers from his hand and they fell glowing to the floor as they extinguished.  “My enemies were soon crumpled - dead at my feet with nary a scratch upon them thanks to my diligence.”  Arms spread wide, he dipped into a brief bow to signify the end of his short performance and heard her begin to clap.  He then held a finger aloft to pose his question that halted her applause, “And whyever should I have bothered to expend such effort, you may ask?”

He approached Evie, falling to one knee as he brought forth one of the furs with a flourish.  Her lips parted in shock as he draped it about her shoulders.

Dainty hands rose to clutch and pet along the fur in wonder.

“For you, my dear, to chase away the bite of the harsh winter chill that has befallen this city.”

She looked from him to it, appearing unsure.  “For me?  This is…them?”  Torn on the gift?

Smirking at her form swallowed within the dark fur, he replied, “It is, indeed!  Hellhound hides retain their magical properties to produce heat.”  His hand rose again and the rest appeared neatly folded upon her bed.

“Better than letting them go to waste, I suppose,” Evie reasoned to herself as she eyed them, a means to justify acceptance of the gift.  Silly woman, were animals not routinely hunted for their furs and hides and any other parts deemed of use?  These curs should be honored to be repurposed thusly! She brought the fur to her nose and inhaled contentedly.  “It smells like you.”

Inwardly, he thrilled at her obvious approval.

With the fur cloaked around herself, she stood and walked to the bed.  Standing in front of the other furs, Raphael watched as she pitched forward and planted her face into them.  “So warm!” she crooned happily as she rubbed her cheeks against the furs.  “We should go before I fall asleep like this,” Evie warned.

With reluctance, she stood and shook her head.  Pivoting on her heel, she marched to him and threw her arms wide.

Though he was becoming used to her affectionate mannerisms, her sudden embrace was still unexpected.  But not unwelcome.

“Thank-you for the gift and thinking of me, Raphael,” she said into his chest.

“But seriously, we need to go before I doze off.”

He pushed the pelt down from her head. “Mm, should you look closer, there is a scarf atop that pile, so you may still enjoy it when we step out.”

“A scarf!”  Evie pulled away and bounded back to her bed to properly inspect the others.  She unfurled the hound fur from herself and laid it out on the bed.  Picking up the scarf, it was quickly wound around her neck.  “You thought of everything!”

Brimming over with fiery pride and ego, his eyes followed her as she flitted about her room adding rings to her fingers, a bracelet to her wrist, grabbing this and that to shove into her purse - all the while continuing to be very vocal with her praise.  If they did not soon depart, there would be another reason they would not be leaving this room.

.

.

Raphael tipped his head back and closed his eyes, enjoying the crackle of the fire and the quiet of a city blanketed by snow.

Beneath the warmth of pillowy covers and new furs, the softness of her bared body pressed against his.  He yet felt the phantom touches of her lips upon his neck and the scrape of her claws across his scalp; heard the echoes of her whimpers and cries; tasted her essence on his tongue.

Impatient was he for her to rouse once more.  His hunger and thirst for her had not yet been sated.

This had been an eventful night of dining, music, and coaxing the fox into the lively steps of a dance.  How he had revelled in the surreptitious glances of envy, lustful stares, and covetous glowers that his date drew.  He commanded her attentions; those bright, glittering eyes ever upon him.  Did she know the desires and appetites she stirred within others?  That every giddy shake of her tail, twirl of her skirts, and murmured moan of delight around the fork passing her lips hardened another member, wetted another sheath?

He could hardly restrain himself to wait until they had returned to this room to lay his claim to her body.

Evie slept soundly at his side, ignorant to the growing number that approached him for her favor, for her access - to use and abuse.  Ah, the wicked and craven fantasies that deluged their tiny minds!

His fingers slid absently through the mussed curls of her hair as he mused personally acting on some of the inspiration gleaned.

They would never know the aroused blush of her heaving bosom, the prick of her fangs, nor the pulsing squeeze of her quim. It was his name she called as she writhed impaled.  It was his seed that now painted the walls of her sacred vault and soaked the sheets beneath them.  None but he would know her softness.

For he was a possessive devil.

[dreamsatdusk]

Black Face Masks and Respirators

@bisexualbaker

I am so sorry for the delay in getting this info to you. There's some Stuff going on over here and it also took me a while to comb through all the mask info I'd squirreled away to find the black ones.

This got so long I decided I'd best post it on its own rather than hijack the original post. In case others see this: this is a post about mask/respirator options in black. I have grouped them in rough categories, but if someone needs a mask to be explicitly certified against a specific standard, please research the specs and confirm for the model you are interested in. Also be mindful of where things are being sourced, as there have been issues with counterfeit respirators. Some resources on that front:

Counterfeit Respirators/Misrepresentation of NIOSH Approval: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/usernotices/counterfeitResp.html (Pertains to N95s)

More Tips To Spot Counterfeit Respirators: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/usernotices/AdditionalTips.html (More general advice for various types of respirators/masks)

The 3M Auras mentioned on the other post are an N95 and unfortunately they do not come in black at this time. (There has been a campaign to get them to make them in black and last I saw, there has been some attention from 3M.) They are widely considered a great mask though and many people find it well-fitting and comfortable. I've tried them and my face shape isn't quite suited to it I think because the staples dug into my cheekbones and I haven't seen most people mention that at all. But they have the best nose piece I've seen on any disposable respirator: very good at conforming to my face, padded, long enough to seal better than others.

Also there are several different models of Aura. The model I found at the local Home Depot was the one with blue rubber straps and I could not deal with wearing those. However the 9210+ has white braided elastic straps and those were great.

Getting into options in black:

"Surgical-Style":

This term is overloaded in many places these days, with everyday usage now often meaning a mask style by this term rather than indicating something like their ASTM level (or even if the have one). In this case I mean earloop face masks, typically but not always with pleated fronts, that are not respirators (e.g. not N95s, etc.). They may not be tight-fitting, as many models are focused on fluid resistance. The ones below are 3 or 4 ply and have various ASTM levels.

Armbrust has 3 ply masks in a variety of colours, including black: https://www.armbrustusa.com/products/usa-made-disposable-face-masks

Bandless style: https://www.armbrustusa.com/products/black-3ply-usa-made-disposable-masks?_pos=5&_sid=c44400ae4&_ss=r

Demetech - https://shop.demetech.us/products/copy-of-black-astm-level-3-disposable-face-mask-with-earloops-size-regular?variant=41286569328816

Altor: https://www.altorsafety.com/facemasks/black-facemask

Cranberry (that's the brand, the colour is black): https://aiden.health/products/cranberry-carbon-black-face-masks-astm-level-3-protection-fda-510k

High filtration face mask - Protective Health Gear: https://protectivehealthgear.com/collections/shop/products/high-filtration-face-mask?variant=42211501637865 These look more like some of the KN95s, but the maker does not claim them to be a type of respirator. They often have sales around holidays, between 35 - 50% off. There's currently a 35% off sale going. They have N95s too but those are only white.

KF94/KN95/FFP2:

This is the type that has more black versions than any other, so the below is only a short list of options.

Different ones are certified to different standards, so read up on individual details as needed.

KF94 - HappyLife: https://kollecteusa.com/products/happylifegooddaykf94-adult-black-mask?variant=35994428637333

KN95 - Armbrust: out of stock on black at the moment though. https://www.armbrustusa.com/products/us-made-kn95-mask?variant=40057768280197

KN95 - BNX:

Large: https://accumed.com/bnx-50-pack-kn95-face-mask-disposable-particulate-kn95-mask-made-in-usa-protection-against-dust-pollen-and-haze-50-pack-earloop-model-e95-black-4.html

Medium: https://accumed.com/bnx-20-pack-kn95-e95m-protective-face-mask-disposable-particulate-mask-made-in-usa-protection-against-dust-pollen-and-haze-black-20-pack-earloop-model-e95m.html

Demetech: https://shop.demetech.us/products/copy-of-d95-blue-particulate-respirator-fold-style-with-black-earloops-box-of-20 I dithered about where to group this - from what they said, I think they took their N95 design and made an earloop version. So it is NOT an N95 (and not NIOSH approved), but is a respirator style.

MaskLab: https://masklab.us They have some black options, along with a whole lot of patterns. Check the details on the various ones for what they are - the ones I looked at are FFP2, which is a European standard.

Powecom: https://bonafidemasks.com/Black-Powecom-KN95-Face-Mask

BreatheTeq KN95: Black in several sizes https://breatheteq.com/collections/all

Various models KF94: https://behealthyusa.net/collections/black

WellBefore KN95: https://wellbefore.com/products/kn95-disposable-fda-ce?variant=32907790909569

N95s:

True N95s always have head straps, not ear loops. They have received NIOSH approval - see link up top for info on how to validate authenticity. There aren't a ton out there in black, likely given their primary pre-pandemic use cases. But there are some.

BNX: They have two styles in black https://accumed.com/bnx-n95-mask-niosh-certified-made-in-usa-particulate-respirator-protective-face-mask-10-pack-approval-number-tc-84a-9315-model-h95w-black-3.html Trifold: https://accumed.com/bnx-n95-mask-black-niosh-certified-made-in-usa-particulate-respirator-protective-face-mask-tri-fold-cup-fish-style-10-pack-approval-number-tc-84a-9362-model-f95b-headband-black.html

Benehal: I've seen positive reports on their black N95, but at the moment I haven't found anything but the white ones for sale on legit sites that ship to/in the US.

Demetech: https://shop.demetech.us/products/black-n95-respirator-mask-fold-style-niosh-approved-box-of-20-size-regular

WellBefore: https://wellbefore.com/products/n95-medical-mask-fda?variant=32909323436161

VitaCore: Okay a note here: these are a Canadian manufacturer model certified to a standard in use in Canada. Their white version is also a NIOSH certified N95. The black is newer and is certified in Canada but the NIOSH process isn't done yet so VitaCore isn't selling them on their US site yet. However they did approve a reseller to sell the black ones in the US here. I've heard great things about these and am getting some to try myself. https://www.protectly.co/products/vitacore-can99-black-respirator-mask

Elastomeric Respirators:

These are reusable respirators, where you replace the filter material, but the overall respirator is reusable (made of rubber, etc). On the one hand they are widely held to be the most comfortable options for long term use and once the initial investment is made, it's less expensive to buy replacement filters than disposable respirators. Even the filters themselves can be used for a long time before replacement compared to a disposable. That said, these respirators are more 'noticeable' in style and like with any mask, not all models are going to be comfy on all face shapes.

I can't think of any ones with black filter materials but some of the respirators themselves come in black or can be painted. And some have housing over the filters such that you don't see much of the filter material itself except through little holes. If anyone is interested in more info on some of the more common models though, let me know.

I'll mention one that has a black faceplate option and is less obtrusive looking in style, that I also have personally tried: FloMask: https://www.flomask.com Adult and child modes available. I advise the halo strap for the top strap for staying put and comfort, especially if you have longer hair. There are two different levels of filter material available, interchangeable in the same respirator. They also have two different mask styles to suit different nose bridges.

Strapless:

I'm only familiar with ReadiMask, and I think those are just in yellow or grey. But mentioning them anyway to cover the use case of needing a respirator without metal parts. They are an actual N95, but use adhesive rather than straps. Very comfortable and can be worn in MRI machines. They'd also work well for things like massages IMO because laying on your face is comfortable in these.

https://readimask.com

https://alliantbiotech.com/product/readimask-strapless-n95-niosh-approved

They have different sizes. But in my experience, unless your face is VERY small, you probably need at least the Large size. There are instructions on how to measure your face for size.

---

Some other notes:

Armbrust has a mask sampler for $40 https://www.armbrustusa.com/products/armbrust-mask-sampler-kit?_pos=3&_sid=debca69cb&_ss=r Some of the samples are masks that do not come in black but some are ones that you can buy in black, 3 or 4 of them (though I think all the samples themselves are white or blue).

[fvriva]

10 for Winter?

I'm gonna go ahead and do the full thing because my brain works better that way lol

10 character building questions + justifications here!

What is the character’s go-to drink order? (this one gets into how do they like to be publicly perceived, because there is always some level of theatricality to ordering drinks at a bar/resturant)

Winter is a very choosy person and has a specific palate, but tends to get caught up in the effort of it all sometimes which causes her to end up getting overwhelmed and shut down. She likes smoky, sweet coffee, black tea with lemon or flowery syrup, and specific red wines. She can't stand overly sugary things and will often make unsweetened or instant versions of all of her drinks if she's in a hurry.

What is their grooming routine? (how do they treat themselves in private)

It's long. She's got a Patrick Bateman level of skincare routine and an even longer one for her hair, because it has a magical texture that requires extra care. Not only does she need special products for it but she needs to perform a morning ritual to keep its luster and flowing quality intact. She also tends to pay very close attention to her makeup and shaving routines even after she leaves home, though with less obsession.

What was their most expensive purchase/where does their disposable income go? (Gets you thinking about socio-economic class, values, and how they spend their leisure time)

Honestly despite the fact that I tend to only draw her in the one outfit, clothing and jewelry. Less glamorous is spell components for school use, but Winter is from a rich family and has a decent allowance for that specific use. She also has a food budget but she tends not to use it, relying instead on the food from the school itself in order to have a little bit of a stockpile fund.

Do they have any scars or tattoos? (good way to get into literal backstory)

None at the beginning of her arc, which was a miracle as her family did die in a house fire with her inside.

However her most notable scar that she racks up during the story itself is one through her abdomen. It consists of five small divots, very clean but rather deep, as she dove in front of [love interest tbd] to save her from a surgical strike administered by her Aunt Blanche.

What was the last time they cried, and under what circumstances? (Good way to get some *emotional* backstory in.)

Winter isn't really a crier, she just dissociates for the most part out of habit. But the last time she remembers crying notably was when her parents had just died and then on and off for a few years as she struggled to adjust to Blanche's household. It tended not to get a sympathetic response.

Are they an oldest, middle, youngest or only child? (This one might be a me thing, because I LOVE writing/reading about family dynamics, but knowing what kinds of things were ‘normal’ for them growing up is important.)

Technically she's an only child, but she was essentially raised as an older sister to her cousin Autumn. Though she rarely was ever in a position of actual responsibility over her.

Describe the shoes they’re wearing. (This is a big catch all, gets into money, taste, practicality, level of wear, level of repair, literally what kind of shoes they require to live their life.)

Black heels are a must. She's already tall, but she likes the extra bit of height, the sound, the poised gait, the fragility, everything. It's a perfect garment for her, even if it's a bit impractical.

Describe the place where they sleep. (ie what does their safe space look like. How much (or how little) care / decoration / personal touch goes into it.)

She does technically have a bed in her room and in her dorm but she rarely uses it. She prefers to sleep at her desk in short bursts, even using her ergonomic wrist support as a pillow, sort of. Sleep is the kind of things she'll take when she can get it. Wherever she sleeps she needs to have a lock on her door and ideally no windows. She's never had roommates.

What is their favorite holiday? (How do they relate to their culture/outside world. Also fun is least favorite holiday.)

Her favorite holiday is Year's Masque, Tela's Halloween equivalent. It tends to feature elaborate masquerade balls as part of the yearly ritual, so she takes it as an opportunity to go all out. She dislikes Year's Tears because it's just gloomy and wet and especially down in Cursarius it was basically hurricane season. Up in Stagfell it's just sleet but it still sucks.

What objects do they always carry around with them? (What do they need for their normal, day-to-day routine? What does ‘normal’ even look like for them.)

Winter actually doesn't really keep a purse because she can make a lot of temporary objects out of her flame magic. She can usually write with just a heated fingernail. She DOES have a makeup bag and a bookbag but she doesn't personally carry that shit when she can help it, so she just invents a goon to carry it for her.

[pure-ablution]

What are the basic makeup tools you'd recommend to someone who's just starting? I was raised in a very traditional sort of family, so I've only just started to learn makeup in college, and you seem very knowledgable in all things beauty-related.

A good set of brushes: these don’t need to be expensive, and you actually don’t need all that many different brushes. The Hourglass brush set dupe on DHGate is very high quality, and a set of 10 brushes comes out at under £40 and has everything you need. Provided that you wash your brushes regularly and allow them to properly dry, they should last you a long time.

Makeup sponges and powder puffs: I would recommend buying these from AliExpress—you don’t need to spend money on brands like BeautyBlender, especially not for a beginner’s makeup kit. Buy some fluffy and spongey powder puffs, and some sponges in different sizes.

A pencil sharpener: this can (and should) be bought at your local stationery shop. Buy one of the inexpensive steel ones.

An eyelash curler: this doesn’t have to be heated or have any bells or whistles, but it does need to fit your eye’s dimensions properly for best results. I recommend using the information on this Reddit post and this blog post to measure your eye’s curvature and find a lash curler that fits you properly.

Disposable spoolies: buy a big pack from AliExpress. These are just very helpful little tools for all sorts of purposes, but I recommend disposing of them after use to keep everything hygienic.

A steel mixing palette and spatula: AliExpress again for this one. This is so useful for mixing products or simply using instead of the back of your hand for application, and the spatula helps a lot with sheer application of base products.

Tweezers: I recommend investing in a decent pair of tweezers and paying up to about £30 per pair. Tweezerman, Malteser, Zwilling, Solingen, Seki, or Shiseido—buy stainless steel, and keep them sharp. It’s best to have a set with slanted, needle-nose, and curved tips.

Micellar water and cotton buds: these are for cleaning up mistakes, and can be bought from your local drugstore.

Surgical spirits and antiseptic wipes: for disinfecting and wiping down your makeup containers. It’s important to keep everything clean to avoid acne and other irritations. You can buy these from your local drugstore or pharmacy.

A silicone brush cleaning mat and Castile soap: the silicone mat can be bought from AliExpress, and makes a huge difference when it comes to cleaning your brushes. Dilute some unscented Castile soap in water, soak your brush heads, and then swirl on the mat. You can apply a drop of neat soap for stubborn stains and grease.

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What Industries Is Injection Molding(Moulding) Applicable To?

Injection moulding is a common manufacturing process by injecting molten plastic material into a mould so that it can be formed into the desired product shape upon cooling.

Injection moulding process has the advantages of low cost, high production efficiency and stable product quality to make it widely used in various industries. In this vast injection moulding market, there are three industries are particularly eye-catching, which are extensively used for production and manufacturing due to their specific needs and product characteristics.

1.Household Appliance Manufacturing Industry

As an indispensable part of people's daily life, the market demand for household appliances is stable and continuously growing. The injection moulding process plays a pivotal role in the manufacturing of household appliances, from the outer shell to the internal components, injection moulding technology provides key support. Most of the exterior and structural components of home appliances, such as TV remote controls, refrigerators, TV sets, air-conditioning panels, and washing machine shells, are manufactured by injection molding process.

2.Automotive Components Industry & Transportation Sector

With the booming development of the automotive industry, the auto components and parts market has ushered in unprecedented development opportunities. Components and parts such as automotive dashboards, door interior panels, bumpers, and lamp housings as well as a wide range of pipework and connections are made through the injection moulding process. These parts require not only high precision and good mechanical properties, but also need to meet the strict appearance requirements, which injection moulding process is precisely by virtue of its unique advantages, in this field to occupy a place. In addition, with the rise of new energy vehicles, injection moulded parts play an important role in the manufacturing of key components such as battery packs and motor housings.

3.Medical Device Industry

With the increasing emphasis on health, the market demand for medical devices continues to grow. In medical device manufacturing, the injection moulding process is used to produce disposable medical devices such as syringes, infusion tubes and surgical instruments. These products require strict quality control and hygiene standards, and injection moulding process ensures product safety and effectiveness.

In addition, the injection moulding process is also widely used in the electrical and electronic industry, consumer electronics, packaging industry, toy manufacturing, construction materials, industrial parts, furniture and household furnishings and agriculture, among many others.

4.Electrical & Electronic Industry

In the manufacturing process of electronic products, many components such as housings, cases, sockets, connectors, cables, switches and holders for electronic circuit boards need to be manufactured by injection moulding process. Injection moulding process can achieve precise control of product appearance, size and structure, to meet the requirements of electronic products for appearance quality, functionality and reliability.

5.Consumer Electronics Industry

In the electronics industry, injection moulded parts are equally widely used. From mobile phone housings, computer components including keyboards and mice to remote controls and battery cases, the injection moulding process offers a wide variety of appearance and structure options for electronic products. These components not only need to have good mechanical properties and appearance, but also need to have excellent electrical insulation properties to ensure the stable operation of electronic products. Injection moulding technology occupies an important position in the manufacture of electronic products due to its advantages of high precision and low cost.

6.Construction Sector

In the construction field, injection moulded parts also have a wide range of applications, the drainage systems, door and window frames, pvc pipes, valves, wire troughs, insulation materials and other construction materials and accessories are mostly manufactured by injection moulding process. These components are not only high-strength and corrosion-resistant, but also weather-resistant and easy to install, meeting the construction industry's requirements for material performance and ease of use and improve construction efficiency and aesthetics. The application of injection moulding technology in the construction field not only improves the performance and quality of construction materials, but also promotes the sustainable development of the construction industry.

7.Packaging Industry

The packaging and container industry is also one of the key application areas for injection moulding processes. Plastic bottles, food boxes, cosmetic bottles, plastic bags and other packaging containers are mostly manufactured by injection moulding process to meet food safety and aesthetic requirements. These containers need to be well-sealed, drop-resistant, retain freshness and recyclable to ensure that the products are safe and environmentally friendly. Injection moulding processes can offer flexible design and manufacturing options to adapt to different packaging needs and provide strong support for the development of the packaging industry.

These areas above are just a few examples of the application areas of the injection moulding process. In the toy industry, injection moulded parts are used to manufacture a variety of plastic toys; In the textile and clothing industry, injection moulded parts are used to manufacture accessories such as zips and buttons; In the agricultural sector, injection moulded parts are used to manufacture agricultural tools and equipment such as sprayers and watering cans; Even in the aerospace sector, injection moulded parts are also used to manufacture parts for aircraft and spacecraft. It can be said that injection moulded parts have penetrated into almost every corner of our life.

In summary, injection moulded parts play an important role in several industries by virtue of their high precision, low cost and wide applicability. The application of injection moulding process in these areas not only improves production efficiency, but also meets the needs of product diversification and individualisation. With the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of people's requirements on product quality, injection moulding technology will continue to be widely used and developed in various fields.

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[galacticnova3]

I will not shut up about this actually rambling in tags isn’t enough I need to shout my fantasy giant friend spider propaganda into the void or I will explode

-Various domesticated spiders raised just for their silk. Different species can produce silk more suited for some applications, such as construction, clothing, wiring, and even surgical use. Even the largest ones are comparatively cheap to care for, being content to stay in one place and being healthiest when fed once every few days or so. The main drawback would be the time it takes for them to reach adulthood, and the risks to males when it comes to breeding.

-Spiders raised as pets! Sure, people already keep real spiders as pets, but I’m thinking something a bit more tolerant of interaction. Not necessarily social, but able to recognize the people they’re around and not stressed by handling. Maybe they’re otherwise very similar to real life spiders, maybe they’re selectively bred to have reduced fang size or limited/no venom production. Think of all the morphs, too! Given that it’s a fantasy world I feel like it wouldn’t be unfair to have them come in all sorts of colors, since real life spiders of various kinds already do. Even just taking tarantulas into account they can be the usual dark browns, blacks, and grays, but also come in sapphire blue and bright purple and purplish-pink and peach and orange… And that’s not taking into account the fact that they can have beautiful patterns and MORE COLORS!! I mean just look at the Antilles pinktoe— contrary to what the name suggests, they start out bright blue and then grow into adults with a teal cephalothorax and black legs with fuzz that ranges from blueish-purple to red! Heck, imagine being able to keep a hamster-sized peacock spider that actually doesn’t mind being held!

-Spiders raised to protect livestock or even people. Could be brightly colored as a warning to would-be threats, put down thin layers of silk around the perimeter that alert it to anything approaching before it even comes into view, threat displays offer a final chance to avoid confrontation. Could kick hairs as another deterrent which might also act as a way to mark a would-have-been offender. Just imagine the satisfaction of finally having proof the neighbor’s dog is the thing that’s been terrorizing your chickens because your spider has a bald spot on its butt, and the dog has been scratching ever since a bunch of hairs that are the exact same color as your spider mysteriously appeared on it. Sure, scuffles would involve a bit of clean-up, but better to clean up after a spider than dispose of livestock remains.

-This one I don’t have any details for but imagine with me, for a moment: jumping spider if it was like a cat. Y’know how some cats do the begging thing with their front paws? Jumping spiders basically already do that sometimes. Excited tippy taps. Failing the mirror test and trying to either scare off or hide from the uninvited stranger spider. Doing a lil dance like a pigeon trying to woo its owner. Pouncing on toys. Showing off brightly colored chelicerae or booty. Making a little silk nest and hanging out in there. Trying to threat pose at the vacuum cleaner

[n-bjd]

Tek's Respirator FAQ for faceups & modding Ball Jointed Dolls

Copied from DenofAngels original posted date: Sep 21, 2010 Last edited by a moderator: Oct 10, 2016

Are you qualified to talk about this?

Yes. I [Tekenduis] am a Certified Respiratory Protection Tester/Trainer with extensive training in respiratory protection. I work at a company where my staff are exposed on a daily basis to some of the most harmful chemicals in industry. They can and will be exposed to things like silica, isocyanates and cyanide gas. Their short and long-term health is in my hands and I take that very seriously. Deadly seriously, in fact.

What is respiratory protection?

Respiratory protection is a part of your Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) designed to filter or block harmful substances from reaching your respiratory system. The hobbyists primary form of respiratory protection is the respirator. There are a great number of types of respirators, some useful only for certain applications (see more on this below). The two most common respirators for hobbyists are the disposable respirator and the half-face respirator.

The half-face respirator is a mask that covers your nose and mouth, and has cartridges that clip on, screw on, or otherwise attach to ports on the mask.

The disposable respirator looks like a dust mask or surgeon's mask. It is, as the name implies, made to be disposed of after a short period of time.

Why do I need it?

Many of the items that we work with as doll customizers are toxic and many of them are cumulatively toxic. You may feel ill for a while and then get better, but the sorts of diseases that can be caused by sanding processes and spraying processes can come back to haunt you many years down the road. These products can cause Cancer and Pneumoconiosis. Cancer may be treatable if caught early enough. Pneumoconiosis, which is respiratory diseases like asbestosis, silicosis and coalworker's "black lung" disease, is NOT TREATABLE. Your doctors will work hard to make you comfortable while you die. That is the most they will be able to do for you. If you get Pneumoconiosis you will DIE.

☠️ Are you scared? You should be. This is life and death. Do not play Russian Roulette with your health. ☠️

What do I need?

That depends on the application that you are going to be using your respiratory protection for.

Sanding

For sanding applications (including sanding of resin, apoxie and other sculpting materials, and wood), you need a respirator that provides at least N95 level protection. It should say N95 somewhere on the mask itself. If it doesn't say, it is not good enough. There is a scale to protection levels and anything above N95 is also acceptable (of course).

The levels are: N95 P95 N100 P100

What does this mean?

The prefix ahead of the number will tell you if the mask is Oil Proof or Not. The number will tell you the percentage effectiveness of the filter against particles of less than 0.3 Microns. An N100 or P100 filter may also be known as a HEPA filter. On the bright side, having a small supply of these types of respirators will mean that you are following CDC and WHO recommendations for infectious disease outbreaks, which may or may not include the Inevitable Zombie Apocalypse.

P100 filters are also effective in welding applications. N95 and above filters are most commonly found in the disposable variety and may also be referred to as "dust masks" or "surgical masks". Remember, if it doesn't say N95 (or one of the other codes listed above) it is not good enough!**

Spray

This includes all types of spray applications, whether you are spraying sealant (like MSC or Testors) or airbrushing or spraying paints. The process of spraying releases aerosols (and this is true whether or not you are using an aerosol spray can product. Airbrushing paint creates aerosols too!) for which an N95 filter is not effective.

At this point, you will need to move into a mask that protects you against Organic Vapors AND has an N95 filter. This will mean moving into a half-face respirator.

Your respirator is no longer disposable and can be used again and again without ill effect; the only thing that will need replacing is your filter and (if applicable) your prefilter. Some respirator brands have an N95 filter built right into the Organic Vapour cartridge, but I recommend looking for one that does not, for ease of replacement. Cartridges and filters have different life spans and it is more economical to replace only the part that requires replacing (more on this below!).

Okay! I've got my mask, I'm totally safe now right?

No. There are three things that can negatively impact the safety of your mask; poor fit, improper maintenance and environmental levels.

Poor Fit

A respirator (of any type) is completely and utterly useless if it is the wrong size for you and is not fitted properly. Please ensure you've read the section on fitting your mask to ensure that your mask is correctly fit.

How do I know if it fits?

According to my local Occupational Health and Safety Code, a respirator cannot legally be used in a workplace environment if it has not been correctly Fit Tested. Keep in mind that half-face respirators come in various sizes. Most women and men wear a medium but if you have a particularly slender or wide face, you may need a small or large. If you have a crooked nose, or sinus problems, look for a mask made of silicon; you will find it more comfortable than plastic or rubber.

Improper Maintenance

Your respirator is equally useless if you are not properly maintaining and caring for it. This includes care of the mask between uses and replacement. Please see the section on maintaining your mask for more information.

Environmental Levels

Environmental levels are important to take into account, as your mask can only protect you against the things it was designed to protect you against up to a certain concentration. since I'm sure none of us have the money or inclination to commit to environmental testing of our workspaces, the best way to ensure this is to make sure that the area in which you are working is properly ventilated before you start your project, and until well after you are finished. Open your windows, PREFERABLY PLEASE work outside so that there is fresh air circulating in the area you're working in. If the air is particularly still (no breeze) while you're working, it is worth investing in a simple fan. Set it up in your window, with the fan blowing out the window (ie: the front of the fan where the air blows from facing towards the window). This will help pull the toxins out of your room. Alternately, if you are working outdoors, set the fan up on your table to help promote air movement.

Fit Testing

Fit testing uses a noxious but harmless substance (usually either irritant smoke or Bitrex; an additive used to create bitterness in household cleaners to prevent children from tasting them) to ensure that the seal between the mask and the face is tight and proper. Qualitative fit testing is the most common type, and requires the user of the mask to confirm the presence of the noxious substance. In some cases (depending on chemicals in the environment or failure of the Qualitative test) Quantitative fit testing may be required; this type of fit testing uses scientific sensors to record levels inside the mask. If you have access to fit testing, especially with a half-face respirator, I encourage you to take advantage of it! Fit testing needs to be redone every two years, in the case of weight loss or gain of more than 15 lbs or in the case of surgery (including dental) involving the face.

And if I don't have access?

I have done hundreds of fit tests for staff at my place of employment and I can usually tell how well a mask is likely to fit prior to the fit test being done. This is done with a simple self test. In order to be effective this test must be done every single time you use the respirator (even if you pull it down to talk to someone and put it right back on!).

For Disposable

Step 1: Put your respirator on. Step 2: Cup your hands tightly over your mouth and nose, over top of the respirator. Step 3: Suck in a long breath. You will get air, but it should all be coming in through the small cracks between your fingers. You should not feel any air coming in from around the nose piece or under your chin. If you do, refit the mask and try again. If you cannot complete this successfully, you will need either a larger or smaller mask. Step 4: With your hands still over your mouth and nose, blow out. Again, you should feel the air moving past your fingers, and never around the bridge of your nose or under your chin.

For Half-Face

Step 1: Put on your mask and make sure the straps are tight. Step 2: Cover the cartridge, as much as possible, with the palm of your hands and suck in. The mask will likely deflate slightly. You should feel some air coming in through the cartridge but no air coming in from the sides, under your chin, or around your nose. If you do, adjust the mask and try again. If you cannot complete this step successfully, you will need either a smaller or larger mask. Step 3: Cover the exhalation valve of your respirator with the palm of your hand and blow out. You should feel the mask inflate slightly and again, you should feel no air escaping from the side of your mask, under your chin or around your nose.​

😷 How do I maintain my mask?

Respirator maintenance is exceptionally simple, takes very little time, and ensures that you are not exposing yourself to toxins. Take the extra few minutes to ensure that your respirator is working right!

Before you put it on

For Disposable

Do a quick visual check of the respirator. Is it dirty? A little discolouration from the dust is fine, but too much might mean that your respirator is clogged. I'll discuss this a bit further down. Check that your straps are still in good condition. Check that the foam piece at the nose is intact (if applicable) and that the metal part that bends across your nose is not bent out of shape. If your mask is clogged or not in good condition, replace it.

For Half-Face

Do a quick visual check of the inside and outside of your mask. Make sure that the valves (the little rubbery seals on the inhalation and exhalation points) are present and in good condition. Make sure there are no cracks or tears in your mask. Ensure that your filters are firmly attached. Correct any of these issues before proceeding with your work.

After you take it off

For disposable

Do another quick visual check of your mask. If everything is still in order, seal your mask inside a baggie and put it somewhere safe.

For Half-Face

Wipe all surfaces of the mask that touch your face with a respirator cleaning wipe. If you don't have any, use the following: For masks made of natural rubber, use a non-alcohol based antimicrobial wipe. For masks made of silicone or plastic, wipe with isopropanol (isopropyl alcohol, or rubbing alcohol). This step is less about the effectiveness of your mask and more about preventing build up of oils from the skin which can degrade the mask over time, necessitating replacement, as well as causing skin breakouts!

Seal your mask inside of a baggie or well-sealed (and clean!) coffee can and put it somewhere safe.

🧼 Once a month you should remove the cartridges and clean your mask with soap and water, and hang it up to dry. This keeps the inside of your mask smelling pleasant. Sweat and condensation from your breathing can build up in there over time and cause the mask to smell unpleasant.

🤔 How often do I need to replace my respirator, or cartridges?

Filters will only last so long! Keep in mind that whether or not you are actively breathing through your respirator (IE: wearing it) it is still filtering the air around you. The average Organic Vapour filter, which is what you should be wearing at the least for spraying, lasts approximately 24–48 hours. That's it! Not very long, right?

The good news is that you can extend the life of your filters dramatically by placing them into a sealed container, like a baggie or coffee can, as discussed in the section above. My staff generally see a lifetime of 1–2 weeks from their filters, and most staff are using their filters at least once a day.

💁 How do I know it's time to replace them?

For Disposable, N95 and above Your respirator is a simple filter made up of layer of material that filter out small particulates from the air. Eventually your respirator will become clogged and need to be replaced. This is not a matter of time, it is a matter of volume of filtering, something not easily tracked.

As a general rule of thumb, when your filter is ready to be replaced, you will know it because it will get harder to suck a good deep breath in. As soon as you start to feel this, replace your respirator. For Half-Face

Organic Vapour Cartridge – Because this is filtering vapours (or aerosols), you will know it is time to replace it the moment you smell or taste anything through the filters; even the tiniest bit. Throw them out and get new ones.

N95 Prefilter

Please see the explaination for disposables above, your prefilter works the same way. If your prefilter is built into your organic vapour cartridge, it is a matter of volume of filtering, something not easily tracked.

I've got this bandana/old respirator of my uncles/some other thing…

❌ Cloth is not an effective filter against either particulate or vapours. ❌

Your respirator needs to be yours. Quite aside from the obvious sanitation issues, if the respirator belongs to someone else, it may not fit correctly and is therefore ineffective.

You're just trying to scare us. No one actually gets sick from this. ☠️ ☠️

There are several people here on the [DenofAngels] forums that have stepped up to talk about the health problems that they have suffered as a result of exposure to chemicals in either this hobby or others.

NON ORIGINAL POST NOTE: Before you dismiss the risks involved please realize that even my friend, a professional artist has experienced the direct effects of long term exposure to harsh chemicals and resins for both film and personal BJD casting even when frequently taking proper protection.

🛍️ 🛒 Where do I get these things?

Disposable respirators are readily available in home improvement stores and pharmacies; just make sure you get one that says N95, or above, as discussed earlier. You can also refer to post #3 below for a Shopping Guide.

Half-face respirators are sometimes available in home improvement stores, but are also readily available from safety suppliers (many of which are open to the general public) and online.

🤢 I worked without my mask and now I'm not feeling well. Am I going to be okay?

This question is best discussed with your Doctor. My speciality is prevention, not treatment. I can tell you what results you may incur, but I cannot and will not attempt to diagnose your health, especially not over the internet.

Masks & Respirator Purchase links:

⚠️⚠️⚠️ THIS LIST IS FROM 2010⚠️⚠️⚠️ I AM ONLY INCLUDING PRODUCTS THAT STILL EXIST:

Disposable Respirators ("Dust Masks")

3M 8210 Lowes & Home Depot

3M 8210 Plus As above, but with a fabric elastic strap, so they last longer, but tend to be a bit more expensive.

3M 8511 Similar to the 8210 series, but these have an exhalation valve, which can prove more comfortable in hot or humid environments.

Half-Face Respirators (Rubber)

3M 6000 Series Half-Face Respirator Amazon (Small) Amazon (Med.)

3M 6001 Organic Vapour Cartridges & 3M 5N11 N95 Prefilters Cartridges Amazon Resupply Kit (OV Cartridges and Prefilters)

Starter Kits Amazon

Half-Face Respirators (Silicon)

3M 7500 Series Half-Face Respirator Amazon (Small) Amazon (Medium) Amazon (Large)

Starter Kits Amazon (Small) Amazon (Medium) Amazon (Large)

This is not my original post, I am simply sharing this information as not everyone can access the DenofAngels forums! Stay safe and creative guys!

[brehaaorgana]

Source websites are CBS news, Berkeley School of Public Health, & science direct host platform for the paper. Important to note the organic tampons tested in this study were NOT free of these toxic metals because exposure is ubiquitous on some levels.

Edit: not to burst anyone's bubble's but I thought it went without saying that disposable pads are usually made from the same sorts of materials as tampons.

From Fast Company:

The study was conducted on 30 unique tampons from 14 different “top selling” brands in the U.S. and Europe. The researchers assessed the products for 16 different metals—including lead, arsenic, nickel, mercury, and zinc—and alarmingly, they reported finding measurable concentrations of all 16 metals “in at least one sampled tampon.”

Unfortunately, the paper’s corresponding author, Jenni Shearston, told Fast Company that the names of the brands in the study could not be shared.

Most notably, every tampon that was tested contained some amount of lead

Also:

Compared to the concentrations of other metals, researchers found high levels of calcium and zinc in the products. They also identified differences between organic and nonorganic brands, finding that organic tampons tend to contain less lead but more arsenic.

Fast Company

Unfortunately, not all reusable period products are guaranteed to be free of harmful metals or chemical compounds.

This New York Times Wirecutter article details the unintentional PFAS exposure vs intentional addition of PFAS chemicals to products:

Forever chemicals are everywhere, including in period and incontinence products—even in some that companies claim are free of such substances.

That’s the conclusion from independent lab testing we solicited that looked for signs of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in 44 products—including period underwear, tampons, menstrual cups, and more—and found plenty.

&

The researchers found that nearly half of the 44 period and incontinence products we sent for testing showed fluorine levels suggesting unintentional PFAS contamination (meaning these substances could have slipped in during production, packaging, shipping, or beyond). And eight products showed high enough levels of fluorine to suggest that PFAS-treated material had been added to them.

... Two of the 10 pairs of period underwear we sent showed high enough levels of fluorine to suggest that PFAS had been added to them at some point in the manufacturing process. Two of the remaining eight showed levels that suggested unintentional PFAS contamination. These included period underwear from brands that have published documentation certifying that their products are free of these substances.

Unfortunately it's nearly impossible to avoid PFAS exposure altogether due to its prevalence in textiles and a wide variety of other goods (see also: anything marketed as non-stick) and how frequent unintentional contamination happens. For reusable cloth items, it's recommended to wash them before using.

I'm not always sure if Mamavation is...entirely reliable, but they have tested a wide variety of period underwear and ranked their results by fluorine detected in parts per million. (The brands I've tried — Bambody, Modibody, and Aisle all had non fluorine detected results. Saalt's period underwear also corrected an issue which brought them to 0).

Likewise per the Wirecutter article, surgical grade silicone menstrual cups/discs tested extremely low for fluorine (if at all) - seemingly suggesting unintentional exposure when present.

The issue is that no product is free of all concerning chemicals or metals, there's currently very little regulatory testing, and no transparency about how much of this exposure is incidental/unintentional/environmental and how much is additive (on purpose, if PFAS). The tampons likely aren't going to kill you, but cotton and viscose production is often chock full of dangerous/toxic chemicals and we have no idea to what extent the consumers or manufacturers are being impacted by this.

my period is back again and id like to take this moment to remind everyone with a uterus to avoid using tampons at all costs, if you can. a recent study was conducted with 14 different popular brands of tampons, revealing that every single one of them contained toxic metals such as lead, arsenic, and more.

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