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Yet another Clone OC for my collection. this is Captain Clutter, Miikah's loyal right hand.
While Miikah has a more cheery and impish personality, Clutter is serious and grim.
He likes to wear his armor filled with battle scars as he believes it makes him more threatening.
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Deviant With a Big Defect Pt.3
The Bad Batch x Reader, Obi-Wan x Reader
Disclaimer: I own none of the fanart, screenshots, or gifs used with my stories.
Warnings: Descriptions of injury and war.
I meant to mention this in the last post but the artists water tag is Galactic Problems. If anyone knows if they're here on Tumblr lmk so I can properly give them credit for their art, because it is just 🤌🏻.
Part 2 Part 4
Geonosis
You were following 99 as he was headed to the mess to clean up a spill.
"But 99 your back. You need help around here." You argued with him, but he just shook his head.
"No (Y/n). I am exactly where I should be, and you are exactly where you should be." He said simply as he grabbed his mop bucket and a wet floor sign. You sighed as you continued to follow him into the mess. Your arm was grabbed, and you spun on whoever had a hold of you.
"Sorry 99, I've been looking for (Y/n), and I need her to come with me." Cody told 99 who nodded.
"Take her before she tries to stay here to help me." 99 said as he walked away to the spill. Cody pulled you behind him as he jogged through the halls. Alarms started to blare, and troops started to clutter the hallways.
"Cody, what's going on?" You ask him.
"We're being deployed to Geonosis." Cody says.
"Alright, so why were you looking for me?" You ask him.
"Because you're my Captain until Unit 99 is fully ready to deploy." Cody said.
"To be a Captain, I would've had to of taken the Captains test. I've never taken that test, Commander." You told him, and he looked even more confused.
"I could've sworn Mistress Nala Se said you took the test and passed with flying colors." Cody said, and you were even more confused than he was. He pushed a button on his com, and Nala Se answered.
"Yes, Commander?" She asked.
"(Y/n) says she's never taken the Captains test." Cody said.
"She has. She did not know that's what the test was, though." She told him.
"And she passed without studying for it?" Cody asked, surprised.
"Yes. She even received the second highest grade, right behind CT-7567. Is that all Commander?" Nala Se asked.
"Yes, ma'am." He said and disconnected the com. "So, as I was saying, until Unit 99 is ready to deploy, you're under my command." Cody said with finality.
"As your Captain? But Hunter is a sergeant and my commanding officer." You argue back, and he shakes his head as he continues to lead you through the halls.
"Incorrect. He is your sergeant, but you are his commanding officer." Cody corrected, and you groaned.
"How am I going to explain this to him?" You ask Cody.
"Well, you just say it, but for now, we have to be focused. Do you have all your gear?" Cody asked.
"Yes, I've kept all my gear on me while I'm out and about since yesterday." You confirm to him.
"Good, because we're here." Cody says, and the door opens. You follow Cody through the hangar to the Venator that's docked outside. "This is the cruiser Negotiator. You'll be stationed on it with me." Cody says, and you nod.
"Yes, sir." You say. He leads you to the hangar on board the Venator where there are several troopers already waiting. Cody launches into the briefing, and you listen to what he's saying. You feel the ship jolt, and you gain a sudden wave of anxiety being away from Tech. 'At least he's safe'. You think to yourself. Once the briefing was over, you stuck close to Cody since he was showing you the important areas you needed to know... Which you already did, but you weren't going to steal his thunder. You made sure that both of your cortosis vibroblades were still in fact in their sheaths. He ended the tour on the bridge and led you to the window. You watched in awe as the stars passed by in a blur.
"When we get to Geonosis, I want you to respond with the ground forces directly to where the Generals will be located. Assist them in any way that you can." Cody told you.
"Yes, sir. Understood." You said, and he rolled his eyes.
"Oh, come on. Having me as your commanding officer can't be that bad, can it?" Cody asked.
"No, it's not. I just know it irritates you when I say that." You told him, and he sighed.
"Alright. Go on ahead and go back to the hangar so you can be ready to go as soon as we get there." Cody said, and you took off back the way you came. You towered over the rest of the clones in the hangar, and it caught the attention of a few of them. You were just ignoring all the chattering around you. A clone finally approached you and stood staring at you until you turned to look at him.
"Can I help you?" You ask him.
"A-aren't you a p-part of U-unit 99?" He asked and you froze.
"Yes, I am. Is that an issue?" You asked as you looked down at him.
"N-n-no m-ma'am. I j-just thought they w-weren't ready f-for d-deployment y-yet." He said.
"The rest of my batch isn't ready, but I was... Apparently. Anything else you need?" You asked him.
"N-no. I was j-just c-curious." He says. "W-what's y-your n-name?" He asks.
"(Y/n). What's yours?" You ask him.
"My s-squad c-calls m-me S-stutter." He says, but he doesn't seem happy with the name.
"Do you even like that name?" You ask and he shakes his head. "How about... James?" You ask and he thinks about it for a moment then nods.
"Y-yeah. I l-l-like th-at." He says and you smile at him. The alarm for the hangar doors started to blare and you put your helmet on.
"Well, James it was nice to meet you. It seems that it's time for the music to start." You say and he nods then heads off to his fighter. 'So he's a pilot.' You think to yourself as you climb into your gunship. After waiting for a few moments all the troopers were on board with you, and the doors slid shut. The ride there was tense and you could feel eyes on you, but no one said anything. You were after all their superior. The doors opened and troopers started dropping down lines onto the battlefield. The moment your boots hit the ground you were shooting droids left and right. Soon enough a familiar Jedi appeared at your side.
"I had a feeling I would see you here today." He commented and you scoffed.
"No, you didn't." You countered back and continued to shoot more droids.
"You're right. I thought I was going to die." He said and you laughed. "If you see an old man with a maroon-ish cape let me know. He's important to this cause." Obi-Wan told you and you nodded.
"Yes, sir!" You said then spotted the old man. "You mean him?" You asked over the sound of gunfire.
"Yes, that's him! His name is Count Dooku." Obi-Wan informed you.
"Count Dooky? I feel like someone in royalty would have a better name!" You shout back to Obi-Wan.
"No Doo-Koo!" He sounded it out for you.
"Oh, my bad. I'm going to pursue and tag his transport with a tracking beacon. I'll follow him for as long as his armed guard will allow me." You tell Obi-Wan.
"No wait!" Obi-Wan shouted but it was too late as you traded one of your blasters for one of your vibroblades. You sliced and shot your way through the crowd and made it just in time to see 'Dooku' climb onto a speeder bike. His four guards took four of the others, but there was one more left.
"Hmm, lucky." You say to yourself as you take aim at his speeder and shoot a tracking beacon on it. You race to the last speeder and climb onto it. You take off after your target and take out two of his guards. This led to a chase that you weren't going to lose, but according to them, you weren't going to win either. One of them landed a lucky shot to one of the thrusters for your speeder and it crashed. You jumped off of it and waited for them to confirm the kill. You tossed a thermal detonator onto it and waited. They came back around and got off of their speeders to check around the crash. As soon as they walked up to the site the detonator blew and both droids were out for the count. You smirked and went over to their speeders and commandeered one. You checked the tracking device and it had come to a stop about 2 klicks north. You headed in that direction but groaned when you realized it was the side of a cliff. You could see the landing platform from below so you pulled out your grapple and started your ascent. When you got onto the landing pad you heard weapons clashing together and peaked around the corner. A young Jedi was protecting Obi-Wan as he fought Dooku. He was doing great until Dooku cut off his arm and used his powers to push him back to be with Obi-Wan. The younger Jedi looked like he passed out from the pain of losing his arm, but Obi-Wan was wide awake. Dooku started to push forward toward them, and you shook your head.
"This is so dumb of me." You muttered before you pulled out both of your vibroblades and intercepted a killing blow to the boy. Your arms were crossed in an X to use both of your blades to block the hit.
~Flashback~
"When out on the battlefield you might come across an adversary with one of these. It will be red, or a color that represents them." Your instructor said as he pulled out what he called a lightsaber. He activated it and the black hue the blade gave off was eery. "Don't worry though, because your vibroblades can stop a lightsaber. But that doesn't mean the fight is over there. These adversaries have powers, but your gauntlets have helpful tools to deal with those powers. Over the next few months, I will be teaching you to fight against these wizards." He said and you nodded.
"Yes, sir." You said and got into position.
~Flashback Over~
"Oh. This is a surprise. A clone I'm assuming?" Dooku asks and you nod. "Then this should be easy." You kick him back and he seems stunned for a moment then raises his hand. You respond by activating the shield on your left gauntlet. Right on time as well since he shot FRIGGIN LIGHTNING out of his fingers. "Maybe not." He says and advances. You deactivate the shield and ready yourself for the oncoming fight. The next few minutes are a flurry of movement and flashes as his lightsaber makes contact with your blades. You trap his lightsaber between the blades of your knives. He outsmarts your next move by striking first and connecting his elbow with the underside of your jaw. You stumble back and try to bring your left arm up to stop him from slicing you. That didn't work as he cuts off your left arm from the elbow down, but he didn't stop there. The tip of his saber had dug through your armor, and he continued to follow through with his swing. Cutting up your torso then through the right side of your helmet. The white-hot pain that stung through your body caused you to drop to your knees.
"No!" You heard Obi-Wan shout, but you couldn't make any noise. You looked up at Dooku who seemed pleased with his work.
"You were more of a challenge than two Jedi. Be proud of yourself for the little time you have left alive." Dooku brought his lightsaber up and swung down, but you raised your right hand which still held your other blade. You blocked the hit successfully and started to stand up. He looked at you surprised and you exhaled harshly. As much as it hurt you brought your foot up and it made contact with his stomach. It was once again his turn to stumble backward, and you spun and then flung your blade at his head. He barely dodged it and turned to watch it whiz by his face. The distraction was enough as you activated the lasso on your right gauntlet and whipped it around his midsection. You activated the electricity, and it electrocuted him. He yelled in pain for a moment then brought his lightsaber down on it. It snapped and he glared at you with hatred.
"Fine." Is all he said before he raised his hand and you panicked as you realized what was about to happen. Before you could utter a word he was shooting lightning directly at you. You still didn't allow him the satisfaction of hearing you yell as you fell to the ground. You finally lay still on the ground as your energy was spent, and your body was in excruciating pain. Your eyelids became heavy and you passed out.
~Back on Kamino~
Tech hadn't calmed down since they were told that you had been sent to Geonosis. He was pacing the room back and forth as he continued to worry. Hunter went up to him and stopped his pacing by slapping his hands onto his shoulders.
"She's strong Tech. She'll make it back." Hunter said and Tech sighed.
"This is the longest amount of time that we've been apart since she got reintegrated. I don't like being away from her for this long." Tech finally admitted.
"Yeah. I don't like it either." Wrecker said as he hugged his pillow. Crosshair was observing his brothers and couldn't help but feel the same anxiety they were. You were the last to come in, but the first to go out. Something wasn't adding up to Crosshair, but he couldn't quite pinpoint it.
~Back On Geonosis~
As soon as the transport Cody was on landed he was off of it and into the hangar. Commander Skywalker was barely conscious and General Kenobi was staring at the other side of the hangar. Cody followed his gaze and caught sight of the familiar black and red armor. He immediately ran over, but you were on your side and your back was to him. He knelt behind you and rolled you onto your back, but he wasn't ready to see what he was about to see. A gash from right below your ribs on your left side to the top of your helmet on your right was all he could see. Then your left arm flopped to the ground next to him and he nearly gagged when he realized it was only a stump. He felt a hand on his shoulder and he turned to look at who it was. General Kenobi was looking at the two of you sadly.
"She fought very well, and she was very brave." Kenobi said and Cody turned back to you. The soft sound of short footsteps and a walking cane were heard.
"Still alive, she is. A medic, she needs." General Yoda said and Cody automatically com'd a medic to be ready for your arrival. He stands back up and pulls you into his arms. He gets back onto the transport he was previously on with Generals Yoda and Kenobi right behind him.
"What happened?" He asked General Kenobi.
"Count Dooku was about to kill Anakin. She just appeared out of thin air and blocked his strike. They fought and she did very well, but she lost in the end." Kenobi said then he looked to Skywalker who was passed out. Cody pulled off his helmet and rubbed his face. You took a sharp inhale of breath as you came back to consciousness. You tried to bring your hand up to remove your helmet, but you didn't have enough energy. Cody helped you remove it and set it to the side.
"Cody?" You asked weakly and he nodded.
"I'm here." He said as he took your good hand into his.
"The sith was smart... He disarmed me." You joked as you weakly brought your left stub up to show him. He scoffed out a half laugh half irritated sigh. Your eyes roll into the back of your head and you pass out again.
"Her brothers are going to kill me." Cody says. "They're very protective of her." Idle chat erupts between the Jedi and some of the clones as well. The moment the doors opened and they were back in the hangar for the Negotiator a team of medics took you with them.
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characters: you x changbin summary: in which an emergency room doctor becomes entangled with a stoic-faced detective
–doctors and detectives are at the opposite of the spectrum–doctors save patients, while detectives arrest suspects. they both have the same goal: to help the community, but it was their ways that drove them apart. it was always an unspoken rule–doctors would not interfere with detectives and vice versa. there was always a harsh line between the two, one that no one from either side would cross–
3:29 pm – emergency room
Ripping off your latex gloves, you shoved it in a nearby trash can, groaning as you walk to the counter. “Tough day?” Hyunjin peers from behind the screen.
Groaning, you replied, “Tell me about it. I had to deal with this couple and their surrogate, like c’mon, their surrogate was badly injured in an accident and their first question was about the condition of the baby? We’re not even sure if she’s able to deliver anymore.”
Hyunjin nods in sympathy. “I totally get you, it feels like once people pass through these doors, they don’t have their morals anymore.”
“You got that right,” you snorted.
As you finish your sentence, a pair of paramedics burst through the sliding doors, wheeling in two injured people in gurneys, both bloodied.
“17-year-old male was speeding before getting involved in an accident. There are traces of alcohol in his system at the time we reported to the scene.”
“19-year-old male pedestrian was walking on a dimly lit crosswalk before he was hit by the driver."
Before you could go to help, Seungmin and Jeongin, a medical student who was interning, rushes in, along with Hyunjin. “We got this, y/n,” Seungmin says, even though he was as equally tired as you.
“I’ll take you in Room 3,” Hyunjin says, pushing back the curtains.
“Room 2,” Seungmin guides. As they lift the patients into their beds, the team began to work.
“He’s suffering blunt force to the skull,” Hyunjin announces. “Looks like he’s broken a few bones in his upper left arm and right leg.”
“He also has signs of blunt force on his head, looks like he was knocked out as soon as he crashed.” Seungmin continues to examine the patient for any more wounds.
“His stats are failing,” Seungmin watches as the numbers drop, “Contact radiology and tell them we’re coming up to get a CT scan.”
“Already did,” Jeongin says.
“Good job.” Seungmin props up the sides of the bed and begins to wheel the bed out of the room and into the hallway.
The sliding doors open once again, revealing two leather-clad boys. “Seoul Police,” the one in the black leather jacket announces as he walks up to Jeongin. “We ask you to halt any procedures done to this patient currently and have his blood drawn.”
“Uh…” Jeongin’s head blanks. What was he supposed to do? Help his patient or help the detectives? If he helps the detectives, Seungmin’s patient could die, but if he doesn’t then the detectives wouldn’t have the evidence they need.
You notice the cluttered group in the hallway and stepped in between them. “I’m Dr. y/l/n, is there anything I can do to help you guys?” you ask, pulling Jeongin behind you.
The one in the black leather jacket seemed to be annoyed. “Yes, this patient of yours is suspected to be driving well over the minimum blood alcohol concentration and we will need to have his blood taken to confirm it.”
Before he could step in, you stepped in, building a wall between him and the patient. “I’m sorry, but we can’t comply. First, we will need permission from the patient to conduct a blood withdrawal and if you can’t see, he is unconscious because he suffered blunt force to his head, which brings me to my second reason. We need to conduct a CT scan to see if he suffered any internal head injuries and if we don’t act quickly, you might not even have a suspect.”
The boy leans in closer, his gaze furious. “Failure to comply will result in an arrest, if you don’t give us a blood sample, we’ll have no other way but to arrest you for interference.”
“I signed the Hippocratic Oath, it is my duty to save a patient, and this patient is no different. I don’t care if you arrest me or not, but this patient will not get his blood taken until he is fully conscious,” you shot, crossing your arms before nodding at Seungmin and Jeongin. “Go.”
Bowing their heads, the two quickly enter the elevators as the detective’s jaw tightens. He pulls out a pair of handcuffs from his back pocket. “I guess you wanted it that way,” he mutters as he pulls your hands behind your back. “Ms. y/l/n, you are arrested for interfering in an ongoing investigation. You have the right to remain silent, anything you say now will be used against you.”
“I understood the consequences,” you say, “Now I must face them.”
4:15 pm – 99th precinct
You watched as the police officer continuously typed on his computer. Leaning over slightly, you caught sight of his badge, Officer Lee Felix. He looks up, shooting you a hint of a smile. “Sorry, the system is so slow.”
You smiled back at him. “It’s alright, it’s not your problem.”
He returns back to typing, but a few seconds later, he leans over the counter. “Speaking out against Changbin? That was totally badass of you, by the way,” he says as his eyes sparkle in admiration.
Chuckling, you waved it off. “I was just doing my job and he was doing his.”
“Speaking of jobs,” a voice from behind says, you see the detective, whose name you assumed was Changbin, stand behind Felix. “What’s taking you so slow, Felix?”
“Sorry, this computer is just really slow, I–“
Changbin puts a hand up. “I’ll do it.” He peers at you. “Follow me.”
He leads you into what seems like an interrogation room. Taking the seat in front of him, you crossed your arms. “If you’re asking for an apology, you’re not getting one,” you said, tilting your head.
His jaw tightens. “I’ve been in this force for almost 7 years and not once have I been talked back to by a nurse–“
“Doctor, not a nurse, officer,” you interrupted him, purposefully calling him the wrong title.
“Doctor, excuse me. The investigation I am conducting involves underage drinking and drinking will over the maximum BAC level. The victim, who is a sophomore at Korea University was walking back from his last class before he would be traveling to study to become a physical therapist. I want as much evidence as I can to charge the suspect who was hit the victim and a blood sample would’ve confirmed that the suspect had been drinking,” he explains.
“I understand, detective,” you said. “I understand that it is your job to put the suspect in jail for his crime, but as a doctor, it is my job to save a patient, no matter their identity or criminal history, I’m sorry this interfered with your investigation, but you also have to understand my side of the story.”
He sighs. “If this investigation is foiled because of you–”
Before he could finish, Felix bursts into the room. Changbin opens his mouth as if to yell, but Felix speaks. “Captain Bang and Dr. Ha want to speak to you both in the conference room.”
You both look at each other with some sort of panicked face. It was never good to speak with either of them, especially at this time. Following Felix out of the interrogation room, you and Changbin find your superiors sitting next to each other.
“Good afternoon, detective Seo, Dr. y/l/n,” they nod their heads at your as you two take a seat next to each other.
“I see that a conflict occurred at the hospital’s emergency room, right?” You nod. “Between you two?”
“Yes.”
“Yes.” Suddenly, you feel nervousness rise in your body as your hands fidget with each other. You were doing what was right, but so was Changbin, so who would have the upper hand in this situation?
“As a doctor, you must follow the Hippocratic Oath, where you must serve a patient without your personal opinion surfacing,” your superior says, turning to Captain Bang. “And that is exactly what y/n did today, they followed their orders to try to save their patient.”
“I agree, Dr. y/l/n was following orders and Changbin needed to obtain evidence to charge the suspect,” Captain Bang states as he gives an apologetic look to Changbin. “However, there is sufficient evidence that the suspect was driving the car and had possession of alcohol in his car to charge him. In this case, I will have to give Dr. y/l/n the upper hand.”
“I agree.” You let out a sigh of relief as you heard the two superiors side with you.
“Thank you,” you say, bowing your head.
“You two are now cleared to go.”
Walking out of the conference room, you and Changbin didn’t say a word. “You were just doing your job,” you speak up. “You didn’t do anything wrong.”
“And you were, too,” Changbin says. “Tell me when your patient is awake so I can question him.”
5:02 pm – emergency room
“There they are!” Hyunjin announces as you walk into the department. He runs up to you, holding your arm. “What happened with you and that detective?”
You chuckle, shrugging your arm out of his hold. “I’ll tell you about it later, but right now, how are the patients?”
Hyunjin’s smile falls as his voice grew solemn. “The victim,” he says, looking down, “didn’t make it.”
This time, your smile drops as the same pair of paramedics walk passed you with a covered gurney in their hands. You were unable to process words, despite the questions that arose in your head. “W-what?” was all you could say.
“We did an x-ray on his chest; multiple broken ribs and a punctured lung. He could’ve survived with a few disabilities, but it was his head that was the problem. He suffered major force to the skull and was already brain dead by the time he entered the emergency room. I’m sorry y/n.” Hyunjin puts a reassuring hand on your shoulder as you feel tears well up in your eyes.
Wiping them quickly, you lifted your head. “You did the best you can do, and unfortunately, it wasn’t enough to save him. For now, we must shift our focus on saving the other patient so the detectives can question him.”
Nodding, Hyunjin returns to the computer. “Seungmin’s in surgery right now, operating on his brain. It seems like his seatbelt and airbag pretty much saved him from other injuries. If all goes well, he should be fine in a few weeks.”
“Great, I’ll let the detectives know.” Walking into the hallway, you passed by Jeongin, who stops you with his hand. “Hm?”
“I just want to say that what you did earlier was really brave,” he meekly says. “It made me want to become a doctor even more.”
8:23 am – next week; emergency room
“Looks like loverboy sent you a bouquet this time,” Hyunjin chuckles, handing you the wrapped flowers. They were at first gifts of apologies, but soon, you found it to become daily notes, asking you how you were doing, if you were eating well, and whatnot. “I’m not even sure if he’s here to see the patient or you anymore.”
“Maybe it’s both.” Dropping off your backpack, you headed to Room 2 and knocked on the wall before pulling apart the curtain.
Changbin’s tired eyes lit up as soon as he saw you. “Hey,” he greets, straightening his leather jacket. “How are you?”
“Good,” you reply, pulling on a pair of latex gloves as you peer at the unconscious boy. “Has he awoken yet?”
Changbin shook his head. “I saw his fingers twitch, but that’s all. Dr. Kim said that it’s normal.”
You peered at the patient before calling out his name. “Mr. Song?” After repeating his name a few more times, you saw the boy’s head move as his eyes slowly open. Changbin’s eyes widen as you called Seungmin.
Racing to the room, Seungmin arrives in less than a second. “He’s awake!” he says as he checks the patient’s vitals. Turning to Changbin, he says, “I’ll do a check up on his vitals and stimuli and then you may question him.”
After a few minutes, Changbin was cleared to enter the room, his notepad in hand. Because you had another patient to tend to, you were unable to accompany Changbin. As you finish checking on your patient, Changbin exits the room.
“How’d it go?” you ask, walking up to him.
“He was hysterical,” Changbin explains, “started saying how he was part of this gang that made him drink and drive, but besides that, he was pretty compliant. The most confusing part is his record. It was clean, he’s never been affiliated with that gang, never has been in possession of alcohol, and not to mention, he’s an honor student who’s the president of his homeroom.”
“Why would someone with such a bright future ahead of him be in this sort of problem?” you asked. Changbin shrugged his shoulder.
“That’s what I’m thinking.” He checks his watch. “I have to go to the precinct, I’ll see you later.” Giving you a quick hug, Changbin goes to his car and drives away.
Heading back into the hospital, you walked up to Seungmin. “What school did your patient go to?”
A few minutes later, you were on the phone with the school. An hour later, you peered into the boy’s room before walking into it. “How are you feeling?” you asked.
“Better than the other guy,” he mutters, looking at his bruised hands.
You held up his backpack. “I heard you were a smart kid, so I brought your books here, in case you wanted to catch up on what you missed. Can’t be behind on anything, especially when you’re so close to taking your college entrance exam,” you smiled.
As soon as you place the backpack on the foot of his bed, he kicks it away. The sound of a laptop shattering echoed off the walls. “I don’t want it.” He crosses his arms, staring at the light blue walls.
“I’m afraid your laptop might be broken, I’ll pay for another one–”
“Don’t,” he says. “I’m never going to return to school anyways. I don’t belong in school, I don’t belong anywhere! I tried to find friends and look at what I’ve become! A murderer! What are my parents–no scratch that, what is the entire population of South Korea going to think? I’ll just go to prison and rot in here, it’ll be better than being shunned by my own people. Now, can you please leave me be?”
Grabbing the unwanted backpack, you slowly backed out of the room, placing the bag on the counter. Sighing, you leaned your head into your palms. “Sounds like it didn’t go right,” Hyunjin says, popping next to you.
“Tell me about it. Did you hear anything?”
He nods. “The kid was basically yelling, I think even the precinct heard it.”
“This whole situation is so odd. He doesn’t want to go to school despite being an honor student, so he joined a gang? This is like a story out of a k-drama,” you muttered.
“Well, he’s going to be handed over to the detectives once he fully recovers anyway. I’m sure they’ll figure it out there and after all that is over, you and Changbin–”
You put a hand to stop him. “We’re just friends.”
“‘Friends’,” Hyunjin air-quotes. He chuckles as you walk off, shaking your head to wear the red tint away from your cheeks.
12:23 pm – a few days later
You watched as Changbin’s team lead the boy away in handcuffs. Standing next to you, Changbin says, “Thanks for keeping him alive.”
“Just doing my job,” you shrugged. “Now it’s time for you to do yours.”
Smiling, Changbin was about to walk away before he stops in front of the sliding doors and steps back to face you. “I’ll be busy the next few days due to working on this case, but I was wondering if you’ll be free next Thursday? I would like to take you out.”
“Like on a date?” You raise your eyebrows, causing a red tint to light the usually stoic-faced detective’s cheeks.
“Yes, a date,” he confirms. “Unless you don’t–“
You chuckle at his flustered state. “I would love to go on a date with you.”
“Really?” You nod. “Great! Thanks!”
You watch as he walks out, a light bounce that hid in his steps. “He’s whipped,” Hyunjin says as he stands next to you.
“And so am I.”
8:49 pm – next Tuesday
You entered the last piece of information into the database before hitting save and logging out. Cracking your knuckles, you stifled a yawn. “I’m finally done. How many hours are left?”
Seungmin raises his watch. “Approximately 4 more hours.”
You groaned as you feel a hot cup of coffee in your hands. “I know,” Hyunjin mutters. “I can’t believe we got kicked to the night shift, like are you serious? Poor Jeongin can barely keep his eyes open.”
“Jeongin was the one that wanted to be on this shift.”
“In my defense,” the intern raises a hand, “I learned more with this team than any other teams.”
“You also heard more gossip,” you snort.
“And you’re basically watching the love story of y/n and Changbin unfold,” Hyunjin adds, making you choke on your coffee.
“G-get back to w-work,” you stutter as you walk away, the chorus of boys chuckling at you.
The flashing lights of the ambulance shine through the opaque glass and become bright once the paramedics raced in with gurneys. “Shooting involving 5 males; I have a 26-year-old male who was shot in the throat and left thigh.”
“Over here!” Jeongin yells as the gurney is pushed into his room.
More gurneys races through the doors as you wondered what could’ve led to this. At the very last gurney to appear, your heart stopped. “Changbin? Changbin?!” Panic arises when you see his bloodied collar shirt.
“He was shot multiple times in the chest and one in his left collarbone,” the paramedic announces. “Stats are low, CPR was performed in transit.”
Before you could walk up to Changbin, Jeongin pulls you away. “I need help with my patient,” he says as you watch Seungmin and Hyunjin lead Changbin into another room.
“Y-yeah, what do you need?” Heading over to Jeongin’s room, you catch sight of his patient, more importantly, the tattoo that rested on his neck. A gang tattoo. He must’ve been the one that shot Changbin. Stopping in your steps, thoughts raced through your head. Now you knew why some people acted against the Hippocratic Oath and you were now debating whether or not you were to uphold the oath, despite knowing that Changbin is the one he had injured.
“Dr. y/l/n?” Jeongin’s voice brings you back to reality. He leads you to his patient. “I need to intubate, but I can’t find the tube.”
“I got this,” you say as you take the equipment away from Jeongin. You took a deep breath, but that didn’t stop the shaking in your hands. Steadying yourself, you reassured yourself that Changbin would be okay and–“Is he flatlining?!”
You force yourself to not look up and chose to not hear the sound of a flatline in the other room. Shaking the thought away from your head, you focused on the patient again. Of course, you’ve dealt with many criminal patients in the past and patients whose opinion you did not agree with, but this time was different. You didn’t know why.
Clearing your head, you found focus and quickly intubated the man before handing him off to Jeongin. “Thank you, doctor,” you hear Jeongin say as you rush out of the room, only to be greeted with Changbin in a gurney.
“W-where are you t-taking h-him?” you ask frantically, grabbing the sides of the gurney.
Hyunjin stops you as the gurney enters the elevator. “You guys go ahead,” he says as he rests his hands on your shoulder and leads you to the break room. The sounds of machines and doctors yelling were muted once you entered the room.
As soon as you felt the chair, your feet collapse and your head falls into your hands, hot tears running down your face. “He’ll be alright,” Hyunjin reassures, taking a seat on the edge of the table. “We were just bringing him up to get his chest x-ray. After that, he’ll be patched up and recover.”
The whimpering only grew louder as Hyunjin lays a comforting hand on your shoulder. “I saw what you did there with Jeongin’s patient. Putting aside your personal thoughts to help a patient, no matter how strong your feelings were. That was so strong of you, don’t lose that part of you.”
1:59 am – later that night
Hyunjin, Seungmin, and Jeongin had offered to stay with you as you waited for Changbin to wake up, but you waved them off. “You’ve done more than you had to today,” you had said as the boys reluctantly exit the hospital.
Falling into the plastic chair at the head of Changbin’s bed, you took his hand, running your thumb along the smooth skin. “Please wake up. You have to.”
As the night drags on, you found the quiet hum of the electric lights above to be soothing as it lulls you and before you knew it, you were asleep.
You woke up to the feeling of fingers running through your locks. Opening your eyes, you see Changbin’s endearing smile. “Good morning,” he greets as you stand and wrapped your arms around him.
“I was so scared I was going to lose you,” you whispered as Changbin leans his head into the crook of your neck.
“You can’t get rid of me that easily,” he chuckles, his laugh vibrating through your body. Pulling away from the hug, he shoots you another smile. “I promised a date with you and I am a man of my word.”
8:25 pm – three months later
“–so as I said, it gets a little crazy in here, especially when–”
“Excuse me.” Hyunjin turns around and is greeted by a stoic-faced detective. The two interns that Hyunjin was mentoring–Jisung and Minho–shudder in fear as they meet eyes with the serious detective, but Hyunjin only smiled.
“Hey man,” he greets, high-fiving Changbin as the two interns look in astonishment. “Guys, this is Changbin, our very own Romeo–”
“Haven’t I told you the ending of that story?” you say from behind him and pressed a kiss on Changbin’s cheek, shocking the interns even more.
“Yeah, but I choose to not listen,” Hyunjin admits. “Anyways, they’re like our Romeo and Juliet, minus the poison part. You’ll be seeing them a lot while you’re under my wing.”
As Hyunjin rambles on, you laced your fingers with Changbin’s. “How are you?”
Changbin smiles. “I managed to solve a five-year cold case and Felix offered me a donut in return for taking over his desk duties for a few hours.”
“And if it weren’t for me, these two would have gotten together!” Hyunjin hollers as you walked out of the sliding doors, hand in hand with Changbin.
“So what’s our snack stop today?” you ask.
Changbin thinks. “Hm, I’m craving something sweet.”
Stores racked through your head. “There’s a bakery down this block, they have some of the best sponge cakes I’ve ever had.”
He shakes his head. “Not that kind of sweet,” he chuckles.
You peer at him curiously. “What kind of sweet are you craving?”
Leaning down, Changbin presses a soft kiss on your lips, a faint trace of cherry lip balm lingering on his lips as he licks them. “This kind of sweet.”
–but two decided to test the waters and crossed the lines. what they found was the opposite of what they thought; hatred turned to love and shy glances turned into passionate kisses. and just like that, the once harsh line that separated them had become blurred.
#stray kids scenarios#stray kids#stray kids imagines#seo changbin#changbin#changbin scenarios#changbin imagines#seo changbin scenarios#seo changbin imagines#bday boi
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Solid State Radars – the White Paper
lang: en_US
Our first captain-requested White Paper, investigating tech products for the Winter Refit 2017/18.
For those considering a refit for their superyachts this winter and beyond, switching to solid state radars is likely something you have tossed back and forth. However, with so much information on the topic and not much time to read it all, weighing up all the options can be a hard graft. The SYT News team has investigated the pros, cons and legalities of solid state vs. magnetron and put it all in one place, so you can easily decide for yourself what would be the best fit for your yacht. Speaking to experts from the big three companies currently producing solid state radars – Garmin, Furuno and Navico/SIMRAD – as well as an IMO representative, we talk specifications, opinions and legislation.
What’s out there?
Furuno
It has an open array FAR3000 range, which includes an S–Band radar that uses solid state technology for long range detection and an X-Band solid state radar. The latter is marketed for smaller vessels (under 30m), though it has the potential to also be used on superyachts for short range applications. Furuno’s solid state technology uses the doppler effect, meaning it can represent a target coming towards you or moving away in different colours. Dan Conway, Area Sales Manager at Furuno, said: “It is designed for maximum user-friendliness; the idea is you don’t have to do a whole new radar training course to get up to scratch with how to use solid state if you are used to magnetron.” Its S-Band has an output power of 250w, with different models of the X-Band transmitting at 20w.
Whilst Conway says there will be bigger X-Band models coming from Furuno that can legally cater for superyachts and bigger vessels, currently the company is awaiting IMO requirement change, meaning its development (or at least the release) of this is on pause for the time being. Prices are on request. The IMO ruling will be covered in more detail further on.
Simrad
It currently offers a range of X-Band HALO open array solid state radars, which come with either a 3ft, 4ft or 6ft antenna. Simrad product line director for Navico Steve Thomas advises that generally the larger the array, the better distance performance you get, meaning that for a superyacht the HALO-6 would be preferable. Simrad’s largest antenna offers a range of up to 72 nautical miles radius, and the HALO range has a transmit power of 25w. Its website advises that though the HALO-6 Radar meets tough IEC 62388 Annex D target detection specifications, this excludes the beacon and RACON triggering requirement.
The company currently doesn’t use doppler effect technology in its solid state products. It will however be introducing this into their open arrays very soon, with the aim of having this updated product ready to promo at Fort Lauderdale this year. The HALO-6 has an SRP of £6090,00.
Garmin
Its X-Band open array Fantom offering comes with either a four or six-foot antenna, and reaches up to a 70 nautical mile range. However, Garmin’s Marine OEM Product Support Manager Bob Fry pointed out that maximum range is not always that critical. “It is seldom for the need to switch up to a 70nm range, however power is important to detect those weaker targets at the max range possible, typically 12 to 13 nm to the radar horizon,” he said. He advises that the maximum range a superyacht would commonly use is 24 to 36 nm ranges, unless they were tracking rain storms.
The Fantom range have a transmit power of 40w – equal to 5kw traditional pulse radar – and use the doppler effect through Garmin’s MotionScope technology. The Fantom-6 is currently retailing at $7,999.99 USD.
Standalone product?
When solid state radars for the marine industry were discussed in 2016, there was a consensus amongst manufacturers that their magnetron radars would by no means go obsolete as a result of solid state. Producers instead saw them as a compliment to traditional systems, which until the next technology leap should not act as replacement. However, one year on the mood has begun to change, at least for some.
Furuno’s Conway maintains that most boats will still end up with both, as currently the IMO require larger boats to have a function that triggers racons and beacons, which solid state radars cannot do effectively. However, he believes a lot of superyacht owners will still want to invest in the new tech to stay ahead of the curve. “It’s a fair way down the line that magnetron would be completely obsolete, not in at least the next ten years,” he said. He also pointed out that currently solid state radars are more expensive than magnetron as the technology in marine usage is still relatively new, though the prices will fall as the tech ages.
Speaking to Thomas, there was less hope for magnetron’s future. He thinks that eventually we will have to leave it behind because, especially from a recreational point of view, solid state has so many advantages. “At some point the IMO will be forced to take a look at their [carriage] requirements,” he said.
Thomas agreed that there is a slight premium for solid state radars, but thought that it was still very much affordable for the target market, and so wouldn’t be an issue for superyacht owners.
Garmin’s Fry was the most pessimistic about magnetron. He said that relatively soon we would see the death of the traditional radars, drawing from the example of the avionics industry which switched to solely solid state about 5/6 years ago. Indeed, he said that the only reason companies had not been building solid state into marine radars was because the prices were so high for the technology that most owners would not have bought them. However, now that prices have come down enough to make the products viable he imagines boats may well only use solid state radars in the future. “Magnetron radars generally warrant up to 3000 hours, but they are under a lot of pressure as they are constantly working hard. This makes them unreliable and their longevity questionable. Solid state should be a lot more reliable,” he said.
An IMO review of the performance standards for radar equipment in 2004 proposed that magnetron radar technology was reaching its limits at the time, now 13 years ago.
Biggest advantages for superyachts
All three of our experts agreed that there were really no disadvantages of replacing magnetron with solid state (other than uncertainty around the current IMO ruling).
Safer and longer-lasting
Solid state is safer than magnetron. Simrad’s Thomas explained how with the traditional radars, standing directly in front of them is dangerous because of the high levels of radiation they give off. However, because solid state gives off so much less power and targets radiation more efficiently, this is no longer a problem. Thomas said: “From an RF perspective solid state technology is also better, because magnetron radars tend to burn out quicker because of the power usage so it means less maintenance.”
Lower energy output
Even Conway, the most pro-magnetron of our experts, firmly believed in the significant transmitted output energy reductions advantages of solid state radars. “Our X–Bands have up to a 96 nautical mile range, which magnetrons can do but would require much more transmitted output energy – and this is transmit power, not usage power, so essentially wasted energy. Solid state is much more efficient,” he said.
Better target separation/tracking
Our experts all agreed that the new technology allowed for improved tracking and clarity in the display of other vessels, meaning that real targets are distinguished above clutter.
Collision reduction?
This was the only slight area of contention. Simrad’s Steve Thomas thought that when it came to preventing collisions and storm recognition, all radar technology was equal. He said: “Radars in general reduce collisions, but I don’t know that there is anything specific around solid state.” Fry agreed that at the time of writing it was too early to tell. However, he did say that in theory, with doppler technology showing different colours for approaching vessels, it should further aid prevention. “We only brought it out 18 months ago so we really can’t comment, but the technology certainly should help [reduce collisions],” he said. However, he pointed out that even the best tech doesn’t prevent user error.
IMO rulings
The key issue is that solid state radars don’t trigger racons (radar beacons) effectively enough to meet IMO requirements for X-Bands on larger boats such as superyachts. These racons are typically on buoys outside harbours and vessels use the racon to identify the harbour they are arriving at. Solid state radars use one long low energy pulse rather than a short large energy pulse radar, and transmit a lot less power, so although the technology can sometimes trigger them the radar would have to be very close to the target and it is not guaranteed.
The last set of performance standards for radar were adopted in 2004, in response to the earlier mentioned proposal which argued that the requirement for future S-Band radars to trigger and display radar beacons should be discontinued, to allow for the development of new and improved radar technologies. However, it was agreed that X-Bands should continue to be required to trigger these racons. This was to ensure development was spread out over a few years, as it was thought radar manufacturers would need the freedom to develop new technology, but beacon manufacturers would then need some years to develop new beacons capable of responding.
Navigators can recognise harbours, just in different ways. For example, they can use an AIS (Automatic Identification System) as the signal to do this. Furuno’s Conway therefore pointed to the need to reconsider these requirements. He said: “Essentially, the legislation hasn’t kept pace with radar technology. It’s not for me to say whether [solid state is] as safe or whether the laws should change, but they do seem slightly behind with current technology.”
Fry believes that despite requirements a lot of larger vessels will have already made the switch to solid state, and that magnetron won’t be around for much longer. “There’s enough alternative Nav-Aids out there now. AIS is much more reliable anyway, so why not just use it?” he said.
Simrad is currently trying to adapt its solid state products to fit these rulings. The company is trying several – currently confidential – approaches to make its radars trigger racons, in order to overcome this issue in future models.
Thomas also agreed though that as tech evolves regulatory committees should make sure their legislation still make sense.
We asked an IMO representative to explain to us the reason behind the current requirements, as seen below:
“The radar, combined with other sensor or reported information (e.g. AIS), should improve the safety of navigation by assisting in the efficient navigation of ships and protection of the environment by satisfying the following functional requirements: – in coastal navigation and harbour approaches, by giving a clear indication of land and other fixed hazards; – as a means to provide an enhanced traffic image and improved situation awareness; – in a ship-to-ship mode for aiding collision avoidance of both detected and reported hazards; – in the detection of small floating and fixed hazards, for collision avoidance and the safety of own ship; and – in the detection of floating and fixed aids to navigation.
The carriage requirements for radar are set out in SOLAS Chapter V. They don’t specify solid state or magnetron, so it would be down to the flag State to decide if the radar is acceptable and meets the standards.
If Member States Parties to SOLAS want to amend or change the regulation or performance standards, they would need to bring the proposal to IMO.”
Summary
We hope this paper has been helpful in breaking down some of the basics of solid state radar technology, and how it can work for superyachts. If you require any further information, please feel free to contact the author at [email protected], who will do her best to try and answer your questions.
The post Solid State Radars – the White Paper appeared first on SuperYacht Technology.
Read Full Content Here
The post Solid State Radars – the White Paper appeared first on YachtAweigh.
from http://yachtaweigh.com/solid-state-radars-the-white-paper/ from https://yachtaweigh.tumblr.com/post/163169852441
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Solid State Radars – the White Paper
lang: en_US
Our first captain-requested White Paper, investigating tech products for the Winter Refit 2017/18.
For those considering a refit for their superyachts this winter and beyond, switching to solid state radars is likely something you have tossed back and forth. However, with so much information on the topic and not much time to read it all, weighing up all the options can be a hard graft. The SYT News team has investigated the pros, cons and legalities of solid state vs. magnetron and put it all in one place, so you can easily decide for yourself what would be the best fit for your yacht. Speaking to experts from the big three companies currently producing solid state radars – Garmin, Furuno and Navico/SIMRAD – as well as an IMO representative, we talk specifications, opinions and legislation.
What’s out there?
Furuno
It has an open array FAR3000 range, which includes an S–Band radar that uses solid state technology for long range detection and an X-Band solid state radar. The latter is marketed for smaller vessels (under 30m), though it has the potential to also be used on superyachts for short range applications. Furuno’s solid state technology uses the doppler effect, meaning it can represent a target coming towards you or moving away in different colours. Dan Conway, Area Sales Manager at Furuno, said: “It is designed for maximum user-friendliness; the idea is you don’t have to do a whole new radar training course to get up to scratch with how to use solid state if you are used to magnetron.” Its S-Band has an output power of 250w, with different models of the X-Band transmitting at 20w.
Whilst Conway says there will be bigger X-Band models coming from Furuno that can legally cater for superyachts and bigger vessels, currently the company is awaiting IMO requirement change, meaning its development (or at least the release) of this is on pause for the time being. Prices are on request. The IMO ruling will be covered in more detail further on.
Simrad
It currently offers a range of X-Band HALO open array solid state radars, which come with either a 3ft, 4ft or 6ft antenna. Simrad product line director for Navico Steve Thomas advises that generally the larger the array, the better distance performance you get, meaning that for a superyacht the HALO-6 would be preferable. Simrad’s largest antenna offers a range of up to 72 nautical miles radius, and the HALO range has a transmit power of 25w. Its website advises that though the HALO-6 Radar meets tough IEC 62388 Annex D target detection specifications, this excludes the beacon and RACON triggering requirement.
The company currently doesn’t use doppler effect technology in its solid state products. It will however be introducing this into their open arrays very soon, with the aim of having this updated product ready to promo at Fort Lauderdale this year. The HALO-6 has an SRP of £6090,00.
Garmin
Its X-Band open array Fantom offering comes with either a four or six-foot antenna, and reaches up to a 70 nautical mile range. However, Garmin’s Marine OEM Product Support Manager Bob Fry pointed out that maximum range is not always that critical. “It is seldom for the need to switch up to a 70nm range, however power is important to detect those weaker targets at the max range possible, typically 12 to 13 nm to the radar horizon,” he said. He advises that the maximum range a superyacht would commonly use is 24 to 36 nm ranges, unless they were tracking rain storms.
The Fantom range have a transmit power of 40w – equal to 5kw traditional pulse radar – and use the doppler effect through Garmin’s MotionScope technology. The Fantom-6 is currently retailing at $7,999.99 USD.
Standalone product?
When solid state radars for the marine industry were discussed in 2016, there was a consensus amongst manufacturers that their magnetron radars would by no means go obsolete as a result of solid state. Producers instead saw them as a compliment to traditional systems, which until the next technology leap should not act as replacement. However, one year on the mood has begun to change, at least for some.
Furuno’s Conway maintains that most boats will still end up with both, as currently the IMO require larger boats to have a function that triggers racons and beacons, which solid state radars cannot do effectively. However, he believes a lot of superyacht owners will still want to invest in the new tech to stay ahead of the curve. “It’s a fair way down the line that magnetron would be completely obsolete, not in at least the next ten years,” he said. He also pointed out that currently solid state radars are more expensive than magnetron as the technology in marine usage is still relatively new, though the prices will fall as the tech ages.
Speaking to Thomas, there was less hope for magnetron’s future. He thinks that eventually we will have to leave it behind because, especially from a recreational point of view, solid state has so many advantages. “At some point the IMO will be forced to take a look at their [carriage] requirements,” he said.
Thomas agreed that there is a slight premium for solid state radars, but thought that it was still very much affordable for the target market, and so wouldn’t be an issue for superyacht owners.
Garmin’s Fry was the most pessimistic about magnetron. He said that relatively soon we would see the death of the traditional radars, drawing from the example of the avionics industry which switched to solely solid state about 5/6 years ago. Indeed, he said that the only reason companies had not been building solid state into marine radars was because the prices were so high for the technology that most owners would not have bought them. However, now that prices have come down enough to make the products viable he imagines boats may well only use solid state radars in the future. “Magnetron radars generally warrant up to 3000 hours, but they are under a lot of pressure as they are constantly working hard. This makes them unreliable and their longevity questionable. Solid state should be a lot more reliable,” he said.
An IMO review of the performance standards for radar equipment in 2004 proposed that magnetron radar technology was reaching its limits at the time, now 13 years ago.
Biggest advantages for superyachts
All three of our experts agreed that there were really no disadvantages of replacing magnetron with solid state (other than uncertainty around the current IMO ruling).
Safer and longer-lasting
Solid state is safer than magnetron. Simrad’s Thomas explained how with the traditional radars, standing directly in front of them is dangerous because of the high levels of radiation they give off. However, because solid state gives off so much less power and targets radiation more efficiently, this is no longer a problem. Thomas said: “From an RF perspective solid state technology is also better, because magnetron radars tend to burn out quicker because of the power usage so it means less maintenance.”
Lower energy output
Even Conway, the most pro-magnetron of our experts, firmly believed in the significant transmitted output energy reductions advantages of solid state radars. “Our X–Bands have up to a 96 nautical mile range, which magnetrons can do but would require much more transmitted output energy – and this is transmit power, not usage power, so essentially wasted energy. Solid state is much more efficient,” he said.
Better target separation/tracking
Our experts all agreed that the new technology allowed for improved tracking and clarity in the display of other vessels, meaning that real targets are distinguished above clutter.
Collision reduction?
This was the only slight area of contention. Simrad’s Steve Thomas thought that when it came to preventing collisions and storm recognition, all radar technology was equal. He said: “Radars in general reduce collisions, but I don’t know that there is anything specific around solid state.” Fry agreed that at the time of writing it was too early to tell. However, he did say that in theory, with doppler technology showing different colours for approaching vessels, it should further aid prevention. “We only brought it out 18 months ago so we really can’t comment, but the technology certainly should help [reduce collisions],” he said. However, he pointed out that even the best tech doesn’t prevent user error.
IMO rulings
The key issue is that solid state radars don’t trigger racons (radar beacons) effectively enough to meet IMO requirements for X-Bands on larger boats such as superyachts. These racons are typically on buoys outside harbours and vessels use the racon to identify the harbour they are arriving at. Solid state radars use one long low energy pulse rather than a short large energy pulse radar, and transmit a lot less power, so although the technology can sometimes trigger them the radar would have to be very close to the target and it is not guaranteed.
The last set of performance standards for radar were adopted in 2004, in response to the earlier mentioned proposal which argued that the requirement for future S-Band radars to trigger and display radar beacons should be discontinued, to allow for the development of new and improved radar technologies. However, it was agreed that X-Bands should continue to be required to trigger these racons. This was to ensure development was spread out over a few years, as it was thought radar manufacturers would need the freedom to develop new technology, but beacon manufacturers would then need some years to develop new beacons capable of responding.
Navigators can recognise harbours, just in different ways. For example, they can use an AIS (Automatic Identification System) as the signal to do this. Furuno’s Conway therefore pointed to the need to reconsider these requirements. He said: “Essentially, the legislation hasn’t kept pace with radar technology. It’s not for me to say whether [solid state is] as safe or whether the laws should change, but they do seem slightly behind with current technology.”
Fry believes that despite requirements a lot of larger vessels will have already made the switch to solid state, and that magnetron won’t be around for much longer. “There’s enough alternative Nav-Aids out there now. AIS is much more reliable anyway, so why not just use it?” he said.
Simrad is currently trying to adapt its solid state products to fit these rulings. The company is trying several – currently confidential – approaches to make its radars trigger racons, in order to overcome this issue in future models.
Thomas also agreed though that as tech evolves regulatory committees should make sure their legislation still make sense.
We asked an IMO representative to explain to us the reason behind the current requirements, as seen below:
“The radar, combined with other sensor or reported information (e.g. AIS), should improve the safety of navigation by assisting in the efficient navigation of ships and protection of the environment by satisfying the following functional requirements: – in coastal navigation and harbour approaches, by giving a clear indication of land and other fixed hazards; – as a means to provide an enhanced traffic image and improved situation awareness; – in a ship-to-ship mode for aiding collision avoidance of both detected and reported hazards; – in the detection of small floating and fixed hazards, for collision avoidance and the safety of own ship; and – in the detection of floating and fixed aids to navigation.
The carriage requirements for radar are set out in SOLAS Chapter V. They don’t specify solid state or magnetron, so it would be down to the flag State to decide if the radar is acceptable and meets the standards.
If Member States Parties to SOLAS want to amend or change the regulation or performance standards, they would need to bring the proposal to IMO.”
Summary
We hope this paper has been helpful in breaking down some of the basics of solid state radar technology, and how it can work for superyachts. If you require any further information, please feel free to contact the author at [email protected], who will do her best to try and answer your questions.
The post Solid State Radars – the White Paper appeared first on SuperYacht Technology.
Read Full Content Here
The post Solid State Radars – the White Paper appeared first on YachtAweigh.
source http://yachtaweigh.com/solid-state-radars-the-white-paper/ from http://yatchaweigh.blogspot.com/2017/07/solid-state-radars-white-paper.html
0 notes
Text
Solid State Radars – the White Paper
lang: en_US
Our first captain-requested White Paper, investigating tech products for the Winter Refit 2017/18.
For those considering a refit for their superyachts this winter and beyond, switching to solid state radars is likely something you have tossed back and forth. However, with so much information on the topic and not much time to read it all, weighing up all the options can be a hard graft. The SYT News team has investigated the pros, cons and legalities of solid state vs. magnetron and put it all in one place, so you can easily decide for yourself what would be the best fit for your yacht. Speaking to experts from the big three companies currently producing solid state radars – Garmin, Furuno and Navico/SIMRAD – as well as an IMO representative, we talk specifications, opinions and legislation.
What’s out there?
Furuno
It has an open array FAR3000 range, which includes an S–Band radar that uses solid state technology for long range detection and an X-Band solid state radar. The latter is marketed for smaller vessels (under 30m), though it has the potential to also be used on superyachts for short range applications. Furuno’s solid state technology uses the doppler effect, meaning it can represent a target coming towards you or moving away in different colours. Dan Conway, Area Sales Manager at Furuno, said: “It is designed for maximum user-friendliness; the idea is you don’t have to do a whole new radar training course to get up to scratch with how to use solid state if you are used to magnetron.” Its S-Band has an output power of 250w, with different models of the X-Band transmitting at 20w.
Whilst Conway says there will be bigger X-Band models coming from Furuno that can legally cater for superyachts and bigger vessels, currently the company is awaiting IMO requirement change, meaning its development (or at least the release) of this is on pause for the time being. Prices are on request. The IMO ruling will be covered in more detail further on.
Simrad
It currently offers a range of X-Band HALO open array solid state radars, which come with either a 3ft, 4ft or 6ft antenna. Simrad product line director for Navico Steve Thomas advises that generally the larger the array, the better distance performance you get, meaning that for a superyacht the HALO-6 would be preferable. Simrad’s largest antenna offers a range of up to 72 nautical miles radius, and the HALO range has a transmit power of 25w. Its website advises that though the HALO-6 Radar meets tough IEC 62388 Annex D target detection specifications, this excludes the beacon and RACON triggering requirement.
The company currently doesn’t use doppler effect technology in its solid state products. It will however be introducing this into their open arrays very soon, with the aim of having this updated product ready to promo at Fort Lauderdale this year. The HALO-6 has an SRP of £6090,00.
Garmin
Its X-Band open array Fantom offering comes with either a four or six-foot antenna, and reaches up to a 70 nautical mile range. However, Garmin’s Marine OEM Product Support Manager Bob Fry pointed out that maximum range is not always that critical. “It is seldom for the need to switch up to a 70nm range, however power is important to detect those weaker targets at the max range possible, typically 12 to 13 nm to the radar horizon,” he said. He advises that the maximum range a superyacht would commonly use is 24 to 36 nm ranges, unless they were tracking rain storms.
The Fantom range have a transmit power of 40w – equal to 5kw traditional pulse radar – and use the doppler effect through Garmin’s MotionScope technology. The Fantom-6 is currently retailing at $7,999.99 USD.
Standalone product?
When solid state radars for the marine industry were discussed in 2016, there was a consensus amongst manufacturers that their magnetron radars would by no means go obsolete as a result of solid state. Producers instead saw them as a compliment to traditional systems, which until the next technology leap should not act as replacement. However, one year on the mood has begun to change, at least for some.
Furuno’s Conway maintains that most boats will still end up with both, as currently the IMO require larger boats to have a function that triggers racons and beacons, which solid state radars cannot do effectively. However, he believes a lot of superyacht owners will still want to invest in the new tech to stay ahead of the curve. “It’s a fair way down the line that magnetron would be completely obsolete, not in at least the next ten years,” he said. He also pointed out that currently solid state radars are more expensive than magnetron as the technology in marine usage is still relatively new, though the prices will fall as the tech ages.
Speaking to Thomas, there was less hope for magnetron’s future. He thinks that eventually we will have to leave it behind because, especially from a recreational point of view, solid state has so many advantages. “At some point the IMO will be forced to take a look at their [carriage] requirements,” he said.
Thomas agreed that there is a slight premium for solid state radars, but thought that it was still very much affordable for the target market, and so wouldn’t be an issue for superyacht owners.
Garmin’s Fry was the most pessimistic about magnetron. He said that relatively soon we would see the death of the traditional radars, drawing from the example of the avionics industry which switched to solely solid state about 5/6 years ago. Indeed, he said that the only reason companies had not been building solid state into marine radars was because the prices were so high for the technology that most owners would not have bought them. However, now that prices have come down enough to make the products viable he imagines boats may well only use solid state radars in the future. “Magnetron radars generally warrant up to 3000 hours, but they are under a lot of pressure as they are constantly working hard. This makes them unreliable and their longevity questionable. Solid state should be a lot more reliable,” he said.
An IMO review of the performance standards for radar equipment in 2004 proposed that magnetron radar technology was reaching its limits at the time, now 13 years ago.
Biggest advantages for superyachts
All three of our experts agreed that there were really no disadvantages of replacing magnetron with solid state (other than uncertainty around the current IMO ruling).
Safer and longer-lasting
Solid state is safer than magnetron. Simrad’s Thomas explained how with the traditional radars, standing directly in front of them is dangerous because of the high levels of radiation they give off. However, because solid state gives off so much less power and targets radiation more efficiently, this is no longer a problem. Thomas said: “From an RF perspective solid state technology is also better, because magnetron radars tend to burn out quicker because of the power usage so it means less maintenance.”
Lower energy output
Even Conway, the most pro-magnetron of our experts, firmly believed in the significant transmitted output energy reductions advantages of solid state radars. “Our X–Bands have up to a 96 nautical mile range, which magnetrons can do but would require much more transmitted output energy – and this is transmit power, not usage power, so essentially wasted energy. Solid state is much more efficient,” he said.
Better target separation/tracking
Our experts all agreed that the new technology allowed for improved tracking and clarity in the display of other vessels, meaning that real targets are distinguished above clutter.
Collision reduction?
This was the only slight area of contention. Simrad’s Steve Thomas thought that when it came to preventing collisions and storm recognition, all radar technology was equal. He said: “Radars in general reduce collisions, but I don’t know that there is anything specific around solid state.” Fry agreed that at the time of writing it was too early to tell. However, he did say that in theory, with doppler technology showing different colours for approaching vessels, it should further aid prevention. “We only brought it out 18 months ago so we really can’t comment, but the technology certainly should help [reduce collisions],” he said. However, he pointed out that even the best tech doesn’t prevent user error.
IMO rulings
The key issue is that solid state radars don’t trigger racons (radar beacons) effectively enough to meet IMO requirements for X-Bands on larger boats such as superyachts. These racons are typically on buoys outside harbours and vessels use the racon to identify the harbour they are arriving at. Solid state radars use one long low energy pulse rather than a short large energy pulse radar, and transmit a lot less power, so although the technology can sometimes trigger them the radar would have to be very close to the target and it is not guaranteed.
The last set of performance standards for radar were adopted in 2004, in response to the earlier mentioned proposal which argued that the requirement for future S-Band radars to trigger and display radar beacons should be discontinued, to allow for the development of new and improved radar technologies. However, it was agreed that X-Bands should continue to be required to trigger these racons. This was to ensure development was spread out over a few years, as it was thought radar manufacturers would need the freedom to develop new technology, but beacon manufacturers would then need some years to develop new beacons capable of responding.
Navigators can recognise harbours, just in different ways. For example, they can use an AIS (Automatic Identification System) as the signal to do this. Furuno’s Conway therefore pointed to the need to reconsider these requirements. He said: “Essentially, the legislation hasn’t kept pace with radar technology. It’s not for me to say whether [solid state is] as safe or whether the laws should change, but they do seem slightly behind with current technology.”
Fry believes that despite requirements a lot of larger vessels will have already made the switch to solid state, and that magnetron won’t be around for much longer. “There’s enough alternative Nav-Aids out there now. AIS is much more reliable anyway, so why not just use it?” he said.
Simrad is currently trying to adapt its solid state products to fit these rulings. The company is trying several – currently confidential – approaches to make its radars trigger racons, in order to overcome this issue in future models.
Thomas also agreed though that as tech evolves regulatory committees should make sure their legislation still make sense.
We asked an IMO representative to explain to us the reason behind the current requirements, as seen below:
“The radar, combined with other sensor or reported information (e.g. AIS), should improve the safety of navigation by assisting in the efficient navigation of ships and protection of the environment by satisfying the following functional requirements: – in coastal navigation and harbour approaches, by giving a clear indication of land and other fixed hazards; – as a means to provide an enhanced traffic image and improved situation awareness; – in a ship-to-ship mode for aiding collision avoidance of both detected and reported hazards; – in the detection of small floating and fixed hazards, for collision avoidance and the safety of own ship; and – in the detection of floating and fixed aids to navigation.
The carriage requirements for radar are set out in SOLAS Chapter V. They don’t specify solid state or magnetron, so it would be down to the flag State to decide if the radar is acceptable and meets the standards.
If Member States Parties to SOLAS want to amend or change the regulation or performance standards, they would need to bring the proposal to IMO.”
Summary
We hope this paper has been helpful in breaking down some of the basics of solid state radar technology, and how it can work for superyachts. If you require any further information, please feel free to contact the author at [email protected], who will do her best to try and answer your questions.
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More Star wars OC Kittens!
Inspired by @klara-nya's Clone wars cats
And including @deerspringdreams's Yoox.
This was very fun to make! C: I love drawing kittens.
#my art#iellan#catto#Taay Vir#Yoox Atorr#Voxx Atorr#Miikah#ct captain clutter#ct tomcat#ct stray#clone oc#star wars oc#clone wars
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Well if you insist....
Clutter is named like that cause he is the leader and captain of the Rubble Company under General Miikah.
The Rubble Company is named like that since it's guided by a Jawa Jedi, and because they specialize in clean up territory after battle, destroying any left over droids.
Most of the clones in the 404th are "problem clones." Clones that were deemed too problematic or too damaged to return to war.
General Miikah likes to ask for these clones so they can be given a second chance to continue serving.
Clutter specifically has an attitude problem and anger issues. He seems to be too aggressive towards the enemy and the kaminoans (and other jedi) worry he might turn that anger towards an ally eventually.
However Clutter is also fiercely protective, he channels much of that hatred into being overprotective. And he needs to when his general is 1.20mts tall.
Clutter is stoic, serious, overprotective, and grumpy on main. Barely ever smiles.
I like yo think of him like the joke of Kocoum in the pocahontas movie:
"He is so handsome."
"Yeah, especially his smile..."
Colors of the squad are purple and orange since those are the colors of Miikah's lightsabers.
@fiveminutetrash (thought you might want to know too.)
Yet another Clone OC for my collection. this is Captain Clutter, Miikah's loyal right hand.
While Miikah has a more cheery and impish personality, Clutter is serious and grim.
He likes to wear his armor filled with battle scars as he believes it makes him more threatening.
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