#colistin

[hoantovet]

BIO-TETRA.COLIVIT

THUỐC BỘT HÒA TANCHUYÊN DÙNG ĐỂ ÚM GÀ, VỊT, CÚT CON TRỊ TIÊU CHẢY PHÂN TRẮNG, E.COLI, VIÊM RỐN THÀNH PHẦN: Colistin Sulfate, Oxytetracycline HCl, Vitamin A, Vitamin D3, Vitamin E, Vitamin K3, Riboflavin, Vitamin B12, Calcium Pantothenate, Niacinamide, Lactose, Dextrose  vừa đủ. CÔNG DỤNG:Trị tiêu chảy, thương hàn, tụ huyết trùng, trên gia cầm và heo.LIỀU LƯỢNG VÀ CÁCH DÙNG:Liều chung cho gia…

[phonemantra-blog]

Polymyxin: Unlocking Its Potent Power in Antibiotic Therapy In the ever-evolving landscape of modern medicine, antibiotics stand as stalwart defenders against bacterial infections. Among these pharmaceutical heroes, polymyxin emerges as a formidable weapon, particularly in the battle against multidrug-resistant bacteria. This article delves into the world of polymyxin, illuminating its crucial role in antibiotic therapy, and explores its mechanisms, uses, and potential future applications. What Is Polymyxin? Polymyxin, a key player in the antibiotic arsenal, belongs to a distinct class of antibiotics with a unique mode of action. These antibiotics are derived from certain strains of the bacterium Bacillus polymyxa. Polymyxin is primarily known for its two variants: polymyxin B and polymyxin E, more commonly recognized as colistin. These antibiotics exhibit powerful bactericidal properties and are employed when other antibiotics fail to combat drug-resistant bacteria effectively. [caption id="attachment_54657" align="aligncenter" width="2000"] polymyxin[/caption] Types of Polymyxins Polymyxins come in different forms, each with its strengths and areas of specialization: Polymyxin B: This variant is often used to treat urinary tract infections, skin infections, and eye infections. Its mechanism of action involves disrupting the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane, leading to bacterial death. Polymyxin E (Colistin): Colistin, on the other hand, is typically reserved as a last-resort antibiotic, particularly for cases involving multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Its mechanism of action is similar to that of polymyxin B. Mechanism of Action The potency of polymyxins lies in their distinctive mechanism of action. These antibiotics target the bacterial cell membrane, a protective barrier crucial for a bacterium's survival. Polymyxins disrupt this membrane's integrity, causing it to become permeable and leaky. As a result, essential molecules leak out, and the bacterial cell loses its structural integrity. This leads to cell death, effectively eradicating the infection. Common Uses in Medicine Polymyxins have found their niche in various medical applications, each testament to their remarkable efficacy: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Polymyxin B is frequently employed to combat UTIs, especially when caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Its ability to target Gram-negative bacteria makes it a valuable tool in UTI treatment. Pneumonia: Colistin, or polymyxin E, steps in when pneumonia becomes challenging to treat due to antibiotic resistance. It plays a crucial role in managing severe pneumonia cases. Administration and Dosage The administration of polymyxin antibiotics demands precision to ensure effective treatment: Intravenous (IV) Administration: Polymyxins are often administered intravenously for systemic infections. The dosage depends on the severity of the infection, the patient's weight, and kidney function. Topical Formulations: For localized infections, topical formulations like creams or ointments containing polymyxin B are applied directly to the affected area. Eye Drops: Polymyxin B eye drops are instilled into the eye as prescribed for treating eye infections. Potential Side Effects While polymyxins are invaluable in combating infections, they are not without potential side effects: Kidney Toxicity: Extended use of polymyxins, especially at high doses, can lead to kidney toxicity. Monitoring kidney function is crucial during treatment. Neurotoxicity: Some patients may experience neurotoxic effects, such as confusion or weakness. Promptly reporting these symptoms to a healthcare provider is vital. Hypersensitivity Reactions: Allergic reactions to polymyxins are possible, although rare. Any signs of allergic responses, such as rash or difficulty breathing, should be addressed immediately. Antibiotic Resistance and Polymyxin The emergence of antibiotic resistance has catapulted polymyxins into the spotlight. Understanding the dynamics of antibiotic resistance is crucial: The Rise of Drug Resistance: Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become increasingly prevalent, rendering many antibiotics ineffective. Polymyxins are often reserved for cases where other antibiotics fail. Responsible Antibiotic Use: The overuse and misuse of antibiotics have accelerated the development of resistance. Healthcare providers and patients must prioritize responsible antibiotic use to safeguard the effectiveness of polymyxins and other antibiotics. Future Developments and Research The world of antibiotics is constantly evolving, and polymyxins are no exception. Here, we explore ongoing research and potential future developments: Combating Resistance: Researchers are working tirelessly to find ways to combat resistance to polymyxins and extend their effectiveness. New Formulations: Innovative formulations and delivery methods are being explored to optimize the therapeutic benefits of polymyxins while minimizing side effects. Alternative Treatments: In addition to polymyxins, scientists are investigating alternative treatments, such as phage therapy and novel antibiotics, to address antibiotic-resistant infections. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) 1. What are polymyxin antibiotics? Polymyxin antibiotics are a class of antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections, particularly those caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. 2. What are the types of polymyxin antibiotics? The two primary types of polymyxin antibiotics are polymyxin B and polymyxin E (colistin). These variants are commonly used in clinical settings. 3. How do polymyxin antibiotics work? Polymyxins work by disrupting the bacterial cell membrane, leading to increased permeability and cell death. This unique mechanism makes them effective against Gram-negative bacteria. 4. In what medical conditions are polymyxin antibiotics used? Polymyxins are used to treat a range of infections, including urinary tract infections (UTIs), pneumonia, skin infections, and eye infections. They are also reserved as a last resort for multidrug-resistant bacteria. 5. How are polymyxin antibiotics administered? Polymyxins can be administered intravenously (IV) for systemic infections, topically for localized infections, and as eye drops for eye infections. 6. What are the potential side effects of polymyxin antibiotics? Potential side effects include kidney toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hypersensitivity reactions. Monitoring and communication with healthcare providers are essential. 7. What is antibiotic resistance, and how do polymyxins address it? Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria become resistant to the effects of antibiotics. Polymyxins are used when other antibiotics fail to combat drug-resistant bacteria effectively. 8. Are there ongoing research efforts related to polymyxin antibiotics? Yes, ongoing research aims to combat resistance to polymyxins, develop new formulations, and explore alternative treatments for antibiotic-resistant infections. 9. Can I use polymyxin antibiotics without a prescription? No, polymyxin antibiotics are typically available only with a prescription from a healthcare provider. 10. What can individuals do to promote responsible antibiotic use? Individuals can promote responsible antibiotic use by taking antibiotics as prescribed, completing the full course of treatment, and avoiding the use of antibiotics for viral infections. Conclusion: In conclusion, polymyxin antibiotics, including polymyxin B and colistin (polymyxin E), stand as powerful weapons in the fight against bacterial infections. Their unique mechanisms of action and effectiveness against multidrug-resistant bacteria make them invaluable in modern medicine. However, their potency comes with potential side effects, emphasizing the importance of responsible antibiotic use, careful monitoring, and prompt reporting of adverse effects.

[omkarmeds]

The Reliable and Amazing Wholesaler of Injections 

Neck pain is a very prevalent condition affecting most people because of poor posture, long sitting, or improper sleeping positions. The utilization of the best cervical pillow for neck pain can be a great respite by properly supporting the neck and proper alignment of the spine. An orthopedically designed cervical pillow using memory foam or orthopedic material that matches the natural cervical curvature eliminates pressure points and tension in the muscles.

The Wholesaler of injections

Most chronic neck pain patients, patients with cervical spondylosis, and pain from injury achieve relief using such pillows as they relieve tension and improve the quality of sleep. Having the appropriate cervical pillow ensures proper neck alignment, so one does not wake up with stiffness or a headache. It also ensures circulation, relaxing the muscles of the neck, resulting in pain relief in general. It is particularly useful for individuals spending long hours at the computer desk or in front of computer monitors. Are you someone who wants to gather more facts about the best cervical pillow for neck pain, Wholesaler of injections? If Yes. This is the best place where people can gather more facts about the best cervical pillow for neck pain, Wholesaler of injections.

Besides pain relief drugs, there is also a need for proper medical equipment to enable effective treatment. An efficient injection wholesaler is an extremely important component in providing hospitals, clinics, and pharmacies with an unbroken chain of necessary drugs. Injections are also widely utilized in delivering drugs speedily and effectively, particularly where oral drugs cannot work. A quality wholesaler delivers quality, certified injections at correct storage conditions for efficacy and safety. Bulk supply allows medical facilities to maintain a steady supply, unhampered by shortages that can compromise patients' care. A good Wholesaler of injections offers affordable prices, correct documentation, and timely delivery, which is essential in maintaining the healthcare supply chain. An efficient supplier guarantees life-saving drugs, for the control of chronic conditions, emergency measures, or for postoperative purposes, are stocked when required.

[tobrodachi]

i've come to bring you cursed knowledge about microbiology and antibiotics

colistin

super antibiotic, usually reserved as a last resort treatment for bacterial infections that are resistant to everything

it's literally the gundam hammer and works the same, just bash the fucking bacteria dead until it bursts open lmao

[acti-veg]

This was a flippant comment out of exasperation but I have much more to say on this.

If you had to design a perfect testing and proliferation environment for the next pandemic, you literally could not do much more than what factory farms already do. These are environments where thousands of animals are kept in filthy, crowded environments and are fed antibiotics to avoid the illnesses that would naturally result from these environments.

Emergent pathogens have multiple opportunities to jump between individuals, and between species. At the end of this process, they also have a guaranteed opportunity to make it into the human food chain, in large volumes. A single factory farm can raise and kill 500,000 animals in a year. Now imagine an antibiotic-resistant disease emerging in one of these facilities. We all play lip service to the idea that factory farming is bad and we should avoid it, but in reality, that is where the vast majority of us are getting our meat, dairy and eggs from. Almost all fast food, almost all meat in all western supermarkets, most chickens are factory farmed, and almost all pigs are. All told, it is estimated that 99% of animals in the US are factory farmed. The figures in the rest of the Western world and much of Asia are better, but quickly getting worse.

When we talk about antibiotic resistance, we think of our doctors refusing to prescribe antibiotics for common illnesses unless there is no other option. However, an estimated 73% of all antibiotics worldwide are used in agriculture. That is where antibiotics are failing, and that is where pathogens are getting the opportunity to adapt to antibiotic use. Back in 2015, Chinese, British, and US universities announced in the journal Lancet Infectious Diseases that they had identified a new form of resistance, to the very last-ditch drug colistin—and that it is present in both farmed animals and people, probably comes from agricultural use of that drug, can move easily among bacteria, and may already be spreading across borders. In our waterways here in the UK, we have already found strains of bacteria that can no longer be treated by common drugs.

Clearly, it isn't just within these facilities where the risk lies. A recent report by Environmental Working Group found that more than 200 million Americans—more than half of the people in the US—are exposed to contaminated drinking water due to fertilizer pollution. The estimated clean water costs to taxpayers are more than $2 billion per year. On top of that, dumping animal manure on crops, as well as agricultural run-off, is what causes these e-coli outbreaks we see at least a dozen times a year.

Despite this, we are still not taking action, since animal agriculture interests wield huge influence through propaganda and corporate lobbying. An essay in the American Journal of Public Health commented that “changing the way humans treat animals – most basically, ceasing to eat them or, at the very least, radically limiting the quantity of them that are eaten – is largely off the radar as a significant preventive measure.”

We are sleepwalking towards a public health crisis. The research is absolutely clear; if we do not radically reduce or eliminate our consumption of animals, the next pandemic will be a case of when, not if. If you are concerned about this too, the first step is to stop giving your money to the corporations behind it.

i feel like i'm watching a car crash in slow motion

[theotherchaospixel]

word nebula

a quick experiment using the Library of Babel project (look it up, cool concept at least) as a tool to create. an exploration of the nature of language and belief and understanding. some sentences are mine, some are edited fragments of pretty much random words, but all follow proper sentence structure, and some even have something to do with anything, my point being that meaning can be constructed from nonsense. and thats pretty cool.

entropic wilderness fasteners confusably reendowed echoviruses. acetone greengrocer antiterrorisms brutalize perigees. infinite stars, infinite galaxies, infinite monkeys at infinite typewriters. osteoarthritic ciphertext tenderises dolmenic spenders. pantries contravened laddered iconolatries, lards deconstruct forewarners, retreatants incandesce kata. knowledge cannot be contained by simple words, and the belief that it could is naught but a fools errand.

silverhorn epistolises sentences, cake versings incentivise giddily. and yet, one may hope to believe that something could be translated. phyllotaxied occultist phreakers diamond oversup. they would be incorrect that it could, but the hope is not wrong. annats formalistically, diagrammatically, connivently entitle seizures. there is an answer to every question, but not every answer will make sense in what words can say. saleroom moonrakings snowslip volubility. ferrosilicon scenemen richen colistin wakanda. the essence of information can only be understood fragmentally, sensationally, like the corona of the sun in an eclipse, the only way to perceive the truth is from the bits and pieces we find just outside what we truly understand. sartorially median dermatologic caponata helmeted outshouts of spectacled waveguides. temporized impaving disposes wontedness. snob demands finer edifications, impactite bolivars. magenta does not exist, nor does any color in actuality, it is naught but red and blue at once, but we believe it does exist, and that is enough. appetitive bookfuls prologuised fantasticalness, cimbaloms areached palmist locksets. bees dance to speak, trees have clan wars, and infinity is not a number, and the truth is a small, incomprehensible mess that words can only hint at. love is a chemical, yet we feel it all the same. diplomated chaptrels transpierce decree. naebody modulates insociably. overseed resinise debones coquet ting outreasoned scrattling guipure pathetic outfind epiloguized fluidity. an amygdule afflicts shimaals pestilence, intermodulation torchons inventory ridgepole sentinels. refuging beignets unlays, sperses, harries percipiency cunningly. life has no beginning, has no end, and ultimately may not even exist, and yet exist it does, and isnt that beautiful. serpiginously, hexaplas kbars mooted prefad ing transcutaneous vadose factors. colorblind people understand red, deaf people understand sound. cockups bowget proselytic wage weirdoes. historiology aril sighted. entelechies. any set of letters, any set of words, could mean anything to anyone, and noone would ever notice the difference. prepollencies apocalyptically lurk. cleaners are communionally nonsurgical. unthoughtful resipiscence cippuses imprints on uveas. a mind could exist on thought alone, if it had to, and other minds complicate everything, by virtue of simply existing. a hairbrained cav eating umbonic skipper vires punnily. enchained exorbitancies clankingly hotplat e entryists. but thats not a bad thing.

this is also very much the sort of thing that i have a world & a bunch of characters just to explore the concept of, the nature of. hopefully this is even remotely cool to anyone else.

[weaselle]

100% !

you have lots of little guys in and on you that are doing you favors right now. Favors like preventing skin conditions and blemishes, favors like keeping you from getting infections.

If you nuke them off your biome it will cause you problems. Your hands do this crazy extra tough skin callous growth trick, and can handle a lot more chemical warfare (but even they have their limits, ask nurses and dishwashers about their hands some time) but the rest of your youness contains a lot of microbial civilians doing their favor jobs in their fragile home environment, and don't need a tidal wave of acidic poison to obliterate them into nothingness.

honestly, unless you've got something on you like paint or sewage or motor oil or something, you shouldn't really need anything other than your hand or a clean cloth and some clean warm water. Most of what soap does is strip the oils off your skin and that alone can cause you problems.

Like soap is good and important and you should especially be washing your hands with soap for good social hygiene, but for mooost of your body, the paradigm has been no soap at all for the last billion years or so, and that continues to be a pretty good option for us. Your body builds itself in the womb following a blueprint that assumes there is no such thing as soap.

There are microbes that have evolved to live only on human skin and we one thousand percent want them there. Clean water (and maybe letting mud dry on us and then peeling it off sometimes) has been the totally great thing we've always used to be clean.

And the water and friction do a great job! Washing your hands with water alone kills almost 80% of bacteria on your hands in studies by the National Institute of Health. Soap merely brings that number to about 92%. So you're still getting rid of most of the baddies you want gone, the microbial civvies on their home turf in your biome will survive and multiply which you want, and the water will get rid of the organic byproducts that make you stinky bad, so that you can stinky good

Again, sanitizers and soaps are important to use on our hands that touch everything we share, most of what is in the world around us, and also our mouths, eyes, and most intimate places, and hands are good at surviving soaps and sanitizers (within reason). And if you want to use soap on your skin everywhere and that's working for you fine, though if you want to smell good, may i recommend getting clean scrubbing with simple water and then using a small misting of some kind of perfume, instead of stripping your skin of the oils your skin needs by lathering soap all over you in the name of smelling better. But soap away if that's your thing.

But please, please use antibacterial soaps and other sterilizing materials as the chemical weapons they are, targeted and purposeful, instead of simply smearing them all over our body every day for no good reason

Because not only all that, but your shower drains into the sewer, and the more antibacterial/antibiotic treatments we wash down into the sewers (which we pee out when we get prescribed antibiotics too, btw) the more certain horrifying illness-causing bacteria evolve to become immune to all antibiotics and sanitizers. It's already quite a serious issue. For example, Bacteria that are resistant to colistin, a last-resort antibiotic we use when nothing else works, has for the first time been detected in Los Angeles County wastewater.

so lets all just calm down a little, with the dousing ourselves in poisonous sterilizing chem baths and taking antibiotics for every little thing. You know all those "pro-biotic" drinks and yogurts and things that are popular now? well those micro-biotics that are so pro for you, they live all throughout your personal biome, not just in your gut. For every one human cell in your body there are approximately 10 microbes. Most of which are doing you favors. Be nice to them.

Antibacterial soap??? For your body???

[crimsonpublishers-medical]

Escherichia coli Harboring Mcr-1 on a Novel Plasmid in a Mink in Eastern China- Crimson Publishers

Escherichia coli Harboring Mcr-1 on a Novel Plasmid in a Mink in Eastern China- Crimson Publishers

In the current study, we described the characterization of an mcr-1-positive E. coli isolate from a dead mink in Dongping Lake, China. The molecular characterization of plasmids was also investigated. The strain was resistant to colistin, but it remained susceptible to several other agents, including amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, all carbapenems, and ESBLs. E. coli Mink_1 belonged to sequence type 140. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) showed that two plasmids, pM1mcr and pM1ctx, coexisted in the same bacterial. Blast and phylogenetic tree imply that Epidemic plasmids are vehicles for the dissemination of colistin resistance genes among the Enterobacterales. Restrictive use of antibiotics in animal husbandry should be taken to reduce the dissemination of mcr-1.

For more open access journals in crimson publishers Please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com

For more articles on Research in Medical & Engineering Sciences Please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com/rmes/

[444names]

Names generated from the entire page on List of Houses from awoiaf.com

Abbell Ackel Ackmons Adets Aemoter Altords Amigh Ander Ansmor Astene Aston Astswire...

Balone Banet Bannins Bareaso Bargy Barsets Barwel Batchants Bather Bathorn Beards Benger Benti Blaches Blackhoes Bladshill Blamb Blend Blozeets Blydd Boadent Boned Borack Bords Bordyreys Borns Bours Boven Bowne Brade Brannood Breen Bricon Brigiones Brigod Bring Brion Briongs Bristert Broak Broll Brood Brooketh Brops Brotheld Brotlet Broun Caftono Callivee Cands Caper Captag Captathar Carweart Cased Caster Cavion Chants Checluck Cheent Chepdowns Cherclan Cherre Cherroven Chielly Ciron Claynall Clorned Clortisle Cocke Colistine Colls Combenty Comight Comson Cones Corlacks Cormose Corne Corrownd Cortaell Cracef Crande Crant Crantar Craworch Creenty Creepdong Creets Crobs Crockty Croode Cuppeary Dalton Dapien Darimes Darmen Darrouth Deerporee Dester Deton Detory Dhann Dinds Direys Divalwath Donetwook Downs Drace Drage Drang Dreed Drions Drivends Dulion Duree Durnburs Duseag Dutter Eakew Egerwyn Ellaq Eryourn Exton Faircards Falyn Famemer Farhame Farre Felgood Ferly Flackles Flantsin Flingtons Flion Flivaidd Foold Fordendy Fordwynd Forniblon Forween Foxton Froney Frowns Gamber Garce Gatrets Gehamer Glinet Glorroath Golde Goolfing Goons Gosheryi Grake Gramb Granfier Grant Grants Graven Graynets Greeputy Gregilice Grenning Grice Grideent Gright Gring Grips Grive Gueds Halater Halle Halleton Haltie Hapered Harge Harhord Harkle Hawand Hazing Hearty Heshills Hipelmers Hoaked Hogge Honobaths Hopplack Hoquart Horry Hourques Hoynayce Hunipps Hutir Inver Irone Istelles Ivyrig Jader Kands Kannoss Karcheag Karright Keton Killis Kning Knion Krafy Lanes Lanno Larths Lassy Layne Lessposs Lided Lield Liffer Liftourre Linelm Loadenday Locklet Locklorke Longes Lorkel Lounes Lowels Lowsgron Lowth Lyndy Lynelmead Macops Maken Mandle Mands Mankwoott Mapplood Marde Massispor Mazull Mazulle Merreding Messboths Milve Mings Mingtood Misly Mooldge Morndays Morpiken Morting Moterer Moucke Mullold Mushith Myrivalan Naken Nakers Nalle Narchell Nestay Nesteak Nispeak Nobble Noblackey Noblourt Oartered Oartyn Onwood Ordescran Orners Ornerspse Ornwood Orreelled Ounhart Outyright Oxting Pands Parrier Parron Parte Partel Payedd Pearkde Pearrip Peatar Peathed Pebut Penstwyn Phips Pingclame Pinter Plend Poine Poise Polouned Poott Poteredd Potleonel Prell Prewood Priff Pring Prinine Prydeer Putifull Qholl Qhoraver Qords Quagnar Quarmith Quart Ragoott Raveng Rence Ridall Rockeeton Roody Rosting Rosts Rowed Rower Rowned Rowth Runder Rutch Ryeaks Saftons Saill Salwell Samerryne Sands Sapeaked Sclack Scollhoq Serrimst Sests Shaper Sholf Shorn Sision Siskyne Sisley Sitipe Skided Slarry Sleys Snald Snarch Somer Speas Spell Spill Spiold Spood Spoth Staing Staledger Starest Staure Stelly Stmance Stoneles Stroott Sughtnibb Summe Summerce Sunbul Sunkwood Swood Swooth Swoots Tacks Taingles Tapebury Tarpol Taundow Taurett Things Traident Treaketin Trifull Tring Tripps Turelds Turey Tworlett Twylan Uhlan Unbos Upclue Upolt Upoon Vackleyen Vailk Vaing Varneyen Vider Vides Viger Villays Vypropar Waggleon Waten Weahles Weehon Whight Whinch Whited Wicel Wickmad Widord Winerzyne Winew Wingolm Wistwen Woode Woodynd Woonshies Woredands Wortints Worty Wrigh Wyforder Wyger Wythet Yarke Yeaglicks Yedinste Yhore Yonets Yunion Zhang

[omkarmeds]

The Reliable And Amazing Colistin Injection 

Injections of Adalimumab and Colistin are two of the most important medicines that have been administered to patients to treat various but severe medical conditions. Here, the antibiotic action of Colistin works very efficiently in cases of severe bacterial infection, whereas the use of Adalimumab comes as a biologic for those illnesses which have autoimmune and inflammatory constituent elements. Are you someone who wants to gather more facts about the Adalimumab injection, Colistin injection? If Yes. This is the best place where people can gather more facts about the Adalimumab injection, Colistin injection.

The Adalimumab injection

It highly enhances mobility of joints and overall physical activity in patients suffering from rheumatic diseases. Adalimumab showed that long-term remission of a chronic disease is possible, allowing for an active and productive life beyond simple relief of symptoms. Its targeted approach makes the immune system not overly active, leading to better health outcomes when taken on schedule.

Colistin Injection is a lifesaver in the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections resistant to many drugs. It is quite effective for blood poisoning, severe respiratory infections, and UTIs that do not respond to conventional medications. The procedure involves the breakdown of the bacterial cell membrane, allowing quick and efficient reactions in the medical unit during emergency situations.

Colistin Injection 

Being a last-resort antibiotic, it is a great tool in modern medicine. These infections are treated by applying antibiotics because the microorganisms that cause them are resistant to nearly all traditional treatments.

Adalimumab Injection and Colistin Injection are critical medical tools that accurately treat both acute and chronic diseases. Colistin provides hope to the patients in the fight against severe infections, while Adalimumab improves the quality of life for people suffering from autoimmune disease. They are crucial in the treatment of complicated medical conditions because their proper application, under the guideline of physicians, ensures maximum results and security.

[angellaavera]

Role of tigecycline in the treatment of urinary tract infections: a systematic review of published case reports

The emergence of multi-drug resistance in urinary tract infections (UTIs) poses a significant therapeutic challenge. This is especially true for developing countries where indiscriminate usage of antibiotics is common. The choice of antimicrobials for UTIs is dependent not only on the organisms and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), but also on the ability of antimicrobials to achieve adequate concentration in the urine. Drugs such as beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, nitrofurantoin and fluoroquinolones have traditionally been the mainstay of treatment.

However, with increasing rates of drug resistance, clinicians have been forced to look for alternatives such as newer beta-lactam/ beta-lactam inhibitors (BL-BLI) combinations, as well as other antibiotics, such as fosfomycin and colistin. In cases where clinical conditions, adverse effect profile, cost and availability preclude using these second-line drugs, rescue drugs such as tigecycline are the only available option. Tigecycline is approved for routine use in intra-abdominal infections and skin-soft tissue infections. Since tigecycline was thought to have poor urinary concentration, its use in UTIs has never been encouraged. Therefore, in this systematic review, we aimed to summarize the available literature on the use of tigecycline for UTIs.

[sandentistvn]

Hôi miệng do uống kháng sinh là gì?

Người bệnh sử dụng thuốc kháng sinh sẽ gặp tình trạng khó chịu và ợ ra mùi hôi. Đây được xem là tình trạng hôi miệng do uống kháng sinh.

Hôi miệng uống kháng sinh do đâu?

Theo các chuyên gia, nước bọt được tiết ra mỗi ngày là dung dịch sinh hóa khá phức tạp. Ở người lớn sẽ có từ 0,5 - 1,5 lít nước bọt được sản sinh mỗi ngày. Ngoài ra, nước bọt giúp vệ sinh răng miệng, trung hòa axit và ngăn chặn sự phát triển của vi khuẩn.

Khi ngủ, dây thần kinh điều khiển nước bọt bị tổn thương, nghẹt mũi và căng thẳng sẽ làm giảm quá trình tiết nước bọt. Khi đó, người bệnh sẽ sử dụng một số loại thuốc điều trị. Theo các chuyên gia, có hơn 400 loại thuốc điều trị bệnh lý có thể gây ra tác dụng phụ như giảm khả năng tiết nước bọt và hôi miệng.

Một số loại thuốc gây hôi miệng

Thuốc kháng sinh histamin

Thuốc kháng sinh histamin là loại thuốc được dùng để điều trị các trường hợp dị ứng. Người bệnh sử dụng loại thuốc này có thể gặp tác dụng phụ như giảm khả năng tiết nước bọt, hôi miệng và khô miệng.

Thuốc làm giảm Kali

Một số loại thuốc kháng sinh như carbenicillin, colistin sẽ làm giảm lượng kali trong máu. Ngoài ra, sử dụng các loại kháng sinh có chứa Na, K trong thời gian dài cũng có thể gây hại cho sức khỏe người bệnh. Sử dụng thuốc quá nhiều sẽ ảnh hưởng đến khả năng tiết nước bọt.

Thuốc chống trầm cảm

Các loại thuốc chống trầm cảm sẽ gây ra tình trạng khô miệng, đặc biệt với những người cao tuổi. Tình trạng này trở nên nghiêm trọng, bác sĩ sẽ thay thế bằng các loại thuốc chống trầm cảm ít hơn tác dụng kháng cholinergic.

Thuốc lợi tiểu

Thuốc tiểu lợi có khả năng ngăn chặn cơ thể hấp thu muối và nồng độ kali trong máu thấp. Những loại thuốc này sẽ được áp dụng cho những trường hợp phù, người bị suy tim và suy thận. Tuy nhiên, đây là loại thuốc cũng gây ta tác dụng phụ như khô và hôi miệng.

Thuốc có chứa hoạt chất Paraldegyde

Các loại thuốc chứa Paraldehyde sẽ được điều trị cho những trường hợp co giật rối loạn, bệnh thần kinh. Tuy nhiên, khoảng 30% hoạt chất Paraldehyde đi vào cơ thể, bài tiết qua phổi và gây ra tình trạng hôi miệng.

Thuốc điều trị trào ngược dạ dày

Các loại thuốc điều trị bệnh trào ngược dạ dày có chứa sulfur gây ra tình trạng hôi miệng. Ngoài ra, một số loại thuốc không kê đơn cũng chứa nhiều cồn và lượng đường cao, điều này tạo điều kiện cho vi khuẩn gây hại phát triển.

Hôi miệng do uống kháng sinh điều trị như thế nào?

Người bị hôi miệng do uống kháng sinh có thể áp dụng các biện pháp chăm sóc răng miệng đúng cách để ngăn chặn và điều trị bệnh lý hiệu quả.

Vệ sinh răng miệng đúng cách, đánh răng 2-3 lần mỗi ngày, sử dụng chỉ nha khoa, nước súc miệng và vệ sinh lưỡi.

Hạn chế ăn thực phẩm nặng mùi như hành, tỏi, tiêu và ớt cay.

Hạn chế hút thuốc lá và uống bia rượu.

Nhai kẹo cao su không đường để kích thích nước bọt tiết ra và khử mùi hôi miệng.

Uống nước đầy đủ mỗi ngày để giữ ẩm khoang miệng.

Kiểm tra sức khỏe răng miệng định kỳ 6 tháng/lần để phát hiện sớm bệnh lý răng miệng.

Nếu bạn có bất kỳ thắc mắc liên quan đến tình trạng hôi miệng do uống kháng sinh hay phương pháp cấy ghép Implant, hãy liên hệ với nha khoa San Dentist qua hotline hoặc fanpage để được tư vấn và hỗ trợ.