#colistin
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phonemantra-blog · 1 year ago
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Polymyxin: Unlocking Its Potent Power in Antibiotic Therapy In the ever-evolving landscape of modern medicine, antibiotics stand as stalwart defenders against bacterial infections. Among these pharmaceutical heroes, polymyxin emerges as a formidable weapon, particularly in the battle against multidrug-resistant bacteria. This article delves into the world of polymyxin, illuminating its crucial role in antibiotic therapy, and explores its mechanisms, uses, and potential future applications. What Is Polymyxin? Polymyxin, a key player in the antibiotic arsenal, belongs to a distinct class of antibiotics with a unique mode of action. These antibiotics are derived from certain strains of the bacterium Bacillus polymyxa. Polymyxin is primarily known for its two variants: polymyxin B and polymyxin E, more commonly recognized as colistin. These antibiotics exhibit powerful bactericidal properties and are employed when other antibiotics fail to combat drug-resistant bacteria effectively. [caption id="attachment_54657" align="aligncenter" width="2000"] polymyxin[/caption] Types of Polymyxins Polymyxins come in different forms, each with its strengths and areas of specialization: Polymyxin B: This variant is often used to treat urinary tract infections, skin infections, and eye infections. Its mechanism of action involves disrupting the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane, leading to bacterial death. Polymyxin E (Colistin): Colistin, on the other hand, is typically reserved as a last-resort antibiotic, particularly for cases involving multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Its mechanism of action is similar to that of polymyxin B. Mechanism of Action The potency of polymyxins lies in their distinctive mechanism of action. These antibiotics target the bacterial cell membrane, a protective barrier crucial for a bacterium's survival. Polymyxins disrupt this membrane's integrity, causing it to become permeable and leaky. As a result, essential molecules leak out, and the bacterial cell loses its structural integrity. This leads to cell death, effectively eradicating the infection. Common Uses in Medicine Polymyxins have found their niche in various medical applications, each testament to their remarkable efficacy: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Polymyxin B is frequently employed to combat UTIs, especially when caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Its ability to target Gram-negative bacteria makes it a valuable tool in UTI treatment. Pneumonia: Colistin, or polymyxin E, steps in when pneumonia becomes challenging to treat due to antibiotic resistance. It plays a crucial role in managing severe pneumonia cases. Administration and Dosage The administration of polymyxin antibiotics demands precision to ensure effective treatment: Intravenous (IV) Administration: Polymyxins are often administered intravenously for systemic infections. The dosage depends on the severity of the infection, the patient's weight, and kidney function. Topical Formulations: For localized infections, topical formulations like creams or ointments containing polymyxin B are applied directly to the affected area. Eye Drops: Polymyxin B eye drops are instilled into the eye as prescribed for treating eye infections. Potential Side Effects While polymyxins are invaluable in combating infections, they are not without potential side effects: Kidney Toxicity: Extended use of polymyxins, especially at high doses, can lead to kidney toxicity. Monitoring kidney function is crucial during treatment. Neurotoxicity: Some patients may experience neurotoxic effects, such as confusion or weakness. Promptly reporting these symptoms to a healthcare provider is vital. Hypersensitivity Reactions: Allergic reactions to polymyxins are possible, although rare. Any signs of allergic responses, such as rash or difficulty breathing, should be addressed immediately. Antibiotic Resistance and Polymyxin The emergence of antibiotic resistance has catapulted polymyxins into the spotlight. Understanding the dynamics of antibiotic resistance is crucial: The Rise of Drug Resistance: Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become increasingly prevalent, rendering many antibiotics ineffective. Polymyxins are often reserved for cases where other antibiotics fail. Responsible Antibiotic Use: The overuse and misuse of antibiotics have accelerated the development of resistance. Healthcare providers and patients must prioritize responsible antibiotic use to safeguard the effectiveness of polymyxins and other antibiotics. Future Developments and Research The world of antibiotics is constantly evolving, and polymyxins are no exception. Here, we explore ongoing research and potential future developments: Combating Resistance: Researchers are working tirelessly to find ways to combat resistance to polymyxins and extend their effectiveness. New Formulations: Innovative formulations and delivery methods are being explored to optimize the therapeutic benefits of polymyxins while minimizing side effects. Alternative Treatments: In addition to polymyxins, scientists are investigating alternative treatments, such as phage therapy and novel antibiotics, to address antibiotic-resistant infections. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) 1. What are polymyxin antibiotics? Polymyxin antibiotics are a class of antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections, particularly those caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. 2. What are the types of polymyxin antibiotics? The two primary types of polymyxin antibiotics are polymyxin B and polymyxin E (colistin). These variants are commonly used in clinical settings. 3. How do polymyxin antibiotics work? Polymyxins work by disrupting the bacterial cell membrane, leading to increased permeability and cell death. This unique mechanism makes them effective against Gram-negative bacteria. 4. In what medical conditions are polymyxin antibiotics used? Polymyxins are used to treat a range of infections, including urinary tract infections (UTIs), pneumonia, skin infections, and eye infections. They are also reserved as a last resort for multidrug-resistant bacteria. 5. How are polymyxin antibiotics administered? Polymyxins can be administered intravenously (IV) for systemic infections, topically for localized infections, and as eye drops for eye infections. 6. What are the potential side effects of polymyxin antibiotics? Potential side effects include kidney toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hypersensitivity reactions. Monitoring and communication with healthcare providers are essential. 7. What is antibiotic resistance, and how do polymyxins address it? Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria become resistant to the effects of antibiotics. Polymyxins are used when other antibiotics fail to combat drug-resistant bacteria effectively. 8. Are there ongoing research efforts related to polymyxin antibiotics? Yes, ongoing research aims to combat resistance to polymyxins, develop new formulations, and explore alternative treatments for antibiotic-resistant infections. 9. Can I use polymyxin antibiotics without a prescription? No, polymyxin antibiotics are typically available only with a prescription from a healthcare provider. 10. What can individuals do to promote responsible antibiotic use? Individuals can promote responsible antibiotic use by taking antibiotics as prescribed, completing the full course of treatment, and avoiding the use of antibiotics for viral infections. Conclusion: In conclusion, polymyxin antibiotics, including polymyxin B and colistin (polymyxin E), stand as powerful weapons in the fight against bacterial infections. Their unique mechanisms of action and effectiveness against multidrug-resistant bacteria make them invaluable in modern medicine. However, their potency comes with potential side effects, emphasizing the importance of responsible antibiotic use, careful monitoring, and prompt reporting of adverse effects.
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hoantovet · 2 years ago
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BIO COLI-MUTIN
ĐẶC TRỊ NHIỄM TRÙNG HÔ HẤP, THỞ KHÓ TRÊN GIA SÚC, PHỤ NHIỄM BỆNH TAI XANH THÀNH PHẦN: Trong 100 mlTiamulin Hydrogen FumarateColistin SulfateBromhexine HCl Nước pha tiêm vừa đủ CÔNG DỤNG: Trị nhiễm trùng đường hô hấp, đường tiêu hóa trên trâu, bò, bê, nghé, heo, chó, mèo.LIỀU LƯỢNG VÀ CÁCH DÙNG:Heo con, chó, mèo: 1 ml / 5 kg thể trọng.Heo lớn, bê, nghé: 1 ml / 7 – 10 kg thể trọng.Trâu, bò: 1 ml…
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suchananewsblog · 2 years ago
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Study spotlights India’s ‘intense’ veterinary antimicrobial use
The ‘intensity’ with which India administers antimicrobial drugs in food-producing animals is much higher than the world average and is expected to stay that way by the end of this decade, a new modelling study has found. The projection bodes ill for India’s reputation as the site of “one of the world’s highest rates of resistance to antimicrobial drugs … both in humans and food animals,” partly…
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omkarmeds · 4 days ago
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Bangalore's Best Foldable Adult Walkers and Easycast Pneumatic Boots for Mobility Assistance
Introduction:
People who've portability issues or are improving from wounds or activities need customary protection. The Easycast Pneumatic walker boot and Bangalore's foldable individual walker are events of the various choices for supporting adaptability inside the city. Clients can recuperate their chance and conviction of their capacity to send round with the assistance of these contraptions, which may be made common give predictable quality, backing, and help.
Styles of grown-up falling walker:
In the event that you truly need a portable walker yet need help going for strolls, the Foldable adult walker in Bangalore is a common decision. These walkers are light, smooth to move, and direct customary kink for transportation or carport. With the help of changing the zenith settings, clients could make the walker fit their desires and make unequivocal security and solace. Standard their extreme edges, added balance, and ergonomic handles, many models can be utilized inside or outside. A foldable grown-up walker can design adaptability and regular ways of life, whether it is utilized to research the home, visit mates, or go for a walk inside the redirection locale.
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Foldable adult walker in Bangalore
Pneumatic Walker Boots from Easycast:
The Easycast Pneumatic walker boot in Bangalore, on the other hand, is appropriate for people recovering from foot or lower leg difficulties. By considering secure ambulation and versatile concordance and help, this boot maintains recuperation. The pneumatic making of the boot will enable clients to broaden or release it dependably inclined toward pressure. The outcome is a cushty sound which could traverse developing. Solace is meandered forward through the lightweight substances and shock holding sole, working on it for clients to perform rehearsals without betting with their adjusting.
Dependably the ensuing while at the same time Going buying in Bangalore:
While looking all through, adaptability maintains Bangalore, reassurance, versatility, and solace should standard all be examined. Close-by clinical convey each walker and on line structures bring the Easycast Pneumatic walker boot in Bangalore and the foldable walker for adults in Bangalore that regularly meet your necessities. Extra snippets of data in standard, the standard thing open available can be acquired through talking with clinical thought trained professionals and isolating remarks from normal.
Conclusion:
In light of everything, escalating conveyability is basic for working on the wonders of life, explicitly for people who fight with versatility. The Easycast Pneumatic walker boot in Bangalore and the Foldable adult walker in Bangalore, which might all be regular, are utilitarian choices for people that need an open door and help. Individuals can furthermore encourage their normal flourishing and recover self-assurance in their regular games through picking sensible mobility has an effect.
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marketinganalysis201 · 2 years ago
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https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/colistin-sulphate-market-size-share-2022-growth-trends-covid-19-impact-analysis-and-forecasts-to-2030-https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/colistin-sulphate-market-size-share-2022-growth-trends-covid-19-impact-analysis-and-forecasts-to-2030-2022-12-05-12-05
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brostateexam · 1 year ago
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Ella Balasa was 26 when she realized the routine medical treatments that sustained her were no longer working. The slender lab assistant had lived since childhood with the side effects of cystic fibrosis, an inherited disease that turns mucus in the lungs and other organs into a thick, sticky goo that gives pathogens a place to grow. To keep infections under control, she followed a regimen of swallowing and inhaling antibiotics—but by the beginning of 2019, an antibiotic-resistant bacterium lodged in her lungs was making her sicker than she had ever been. 
Balasa’s lung function was down to 18 percent. She was feverish and too feeble to lift her arms over her head. Even weeks of intravenous colistin, a brutal last-resort antibiotic, made no dent. With nothing to lose, she asked a lab at Yale University whether she could volunteer to receive the organisms they were researching: viruses that attack bacteria, known as bacteriophages.
That January, Balasa trundled to New Haven from her home in Virginia, burdened with both an oxygen concentrator and doubts over whether the treatment might work. Every day for a week, she breathed in a mist of viruses that biologist Benjamin Chan, scientific director at Yale’s Center for Phage Biology and Therapy, had isolated for their ability to attack Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the multi-drug-resistant bug clogging Balasa’s lungs.
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tobrodachi · 6 months ago
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i've come to bring you cursed knowledge about microbiology and antibiotics
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colistin
super antibiotic, usually reserved as a last resort treatment for bacterial infections that are resistant to everything
it's literally the gundam hammer and works the same, just bash the fucking bacteria dead until it bursts open lmao
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acti-veg · 4 months ago
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This was a flippant comment out of exasperation but I have much more to say on this.
If you had to design a perfect testing and proliferation environment for the next pandemic, you literally could not do much more than what factory farms already do. These are environments where thousands of animals are kept in filthy, crowded environments and are fed antibiotics to avoid the illnesses that would naturally result from these environments.
Emergent pathogens have multiple opportunities to jump between individuals, and between species. At the end of this process, they also have a guaranteed opportunity to make it into the human food chain, in large volumes. A single factory farm can raise and kill 500,000 animals in a year. Now imagine an antibiotic-resistant disease emerging in one of these facilities. We all play lip service to the idea that factory farming is bad and we should avoid it, but in reality, that is where the vast majority of us are getting our meat, dairy and eggs from. Almost all fast food, almost all meat in all western supermarkets, most chickens are factory farmed, and almost all pigs are. All told, it is estimated that 99% of animals in the US are factory farmed. The figures in the rest of the Western world and much of Asia are better, but quickly getting worse.
When we talk about antibiotic resistance, we think of our doctors refusing to prescribe antibiotics for common illnesses unless there is no other option. However, an estimated 73% of all antibiotics worldwide are used in agriculture. That is where antibiotics are failing, and that is where pathogens are getting the opportunity to adapt to antibiotic use. Back in 2015, Chinese, British, and US universities announced in the journal Lancet Infectious Diseases that they had identified a new form of resistance, to the very last-ditch drug colistin—and that it is present in both farmed animals and people, probably comes from agricultural use of that drug, can move easily among bacteria, and may already be spreading across borders. In our waterways here in the UK, we have already found strains of bacteria that can no longer be treated by common drugs.
Clearly, it isn't just within these facilities where the risk lies. A recent report by Environmental Working Group found that more than 200 million Americans—more than half of the people in the US—are exposed to contaminated drinking water due to fertilizer pollution. The estimated clean water costs to taxpayers are more than $2 billion per year. On top of that, dumping animal manure on crops, as well as agricultural run-off, is what causes these e-coli outbreaks we see at least a dozen times a year.
Despite this, we are still not taking action, since animal agriculture interests wield huge influence through propaganda and corporate lobbying. An essay in the American Journal of Public Health commented that “changing the way humans treat animals – most basically, ceasing to eat them or, at the very least, radically limiting the quantity of them that are eaten – is largely off the radar as a significant preventive measure.”
We are sleepwalking towards a public health crisis. The research is absolutely clear; if we do not radically reduce or eliminate our consumption of animals, the next pandemic will be a case of when, not if. If you are concerned about this too, the first step is to stop giving your money to the corporations behind it.
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i feel like i'm watching a car crash in slow motion
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crimsonpublishers-medical · 3 months ago
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Escherichia coli Harboring Mcr-1 on a Novel Plasmid in a Mink in Eastern China- Crimson Publishers
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Escherichia coli Harboring Mcr-1 on a Novel Plasmid in a Mink in Eastern China- Crimson Publishers
In the current study, we described the characterization of an mcr-1-positive E. coli isolate from a dead mink in Dongping Lake, China. The molecular characterization of plasmids was also investigated. The strain was resistant to colistin, but it remained susceptible to several other agents, including amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, all carbapenems, and ESBLs. E. coli Mink_1 belonged to sequence type 140. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) showed that two plasmids, pM1mcr and pM1ctx, coexisted in the same bacterial. Blast and phylogenetic tree imply that Epidemic plasmids are vehicles for the dissemination of colistin resistance genes among the Enterobacterales. Restrictive use of antibiotics in animal husbandry should be taken to reduce the dissemination of mcr-1.
For more open access journals in crimson publishers Please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For more articles on Research in Medical & Engineering Sciences Please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com/rmes/
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444names · 4 months ago
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Names generated from the entire page on List of Houses from awoiaf.com
Abbell Ackel Ackmons Adets Aemoter Altords Amigh Ander Ansmor Astene Aston Astswire...
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oaresearchpaper · 5 months ago
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ckavya-5358 · 8 months ago
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angellaavera · 10 months ago
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Role of tigecycline in the treatment of urinary tract infections: a systematic review of published case reports
The emergence of multi-drug resistance in urinary tract infections (UTIs) poses a significant therapeutic challenge. This is especially true for developing countries where indiscriminate usage of antibiotics is common. The choice of antimicrobials for UTIs is dependent not only on the organisms and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), but also on the ability of antimicrobials to achieve adequate concentration in the urine. Drugs such as beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, nitrofurantoin and fluoroquinolones have traditionally been the mainstay of treatment.
However, with increasing rates of drug resistance, clinicians have been forced to look for alternatives such as newer beta-lactam/ beta-lactam inhibitors (BL-BLI) combinations, as well as other antibiotics, such as fosfomycin and colistin. In cases where clinical conditions, adverse effect profile, cost and availability preclude using these second-line drugs, rescue drugs such as tigecycline are the only available option. Tigecycline is approved for routine use in intra-abdominal infections and skin-soft tissue infections. Since tigecycline was thought to have poor urinary concentration, its use in UTIs has never been encouraged. Therefore, in this systematic review, we aimed to summarize the available literature on the use of tigecycline for UTIs.
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omkarmeds · 6 days ago
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Understanding the Therapeutic Impact of Cresp 40 and Exemptia 40 Injections
Introduction:
In the clinical treatment area, understanding the capabilities between various implantations will broadly impact patient ideas and results. Both the combinations called Cresp 40 and the injection proposed as Exemptia 40 are major for the fix of a choice of flourishing circumstances. This article appears at their primary separations, applications, and advantages for patients.
Cresp 40 injection:
Cresp 40 injection is mostly used to treat paleness in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Darbepoetin alfa, a phony state of erythropoietin, engages the expansion of pink platelets inside the bone marrow. This imbuement is basic for patients on dialysis and those with renal need who're crippled. While Cresp forty is blended, it licenses raised hemoglobin ranges, which works on the incredible life of individuals with sickness.
Injection Exemptia 40:
It is a monoclonal neutralizer this is utilized in the Exemptia 40 injection in the head to oversee safe structure issues like rheumatoid joint torture, psoriasis, and provocative entrail issue. Through disturbing infection rot issue (TNF), Exemptia forty combination diminishes unsettling influence and covers the bizarre safe reaction. Accordingly, it is especially valuable for working with patients, managing general cutoff, and treating conditions set to the side through forging ahead with aggravation.
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Essential abilities among combinations of Cresp 40 and Exemptia forty:
Anyway the two implantations are major for impacted individual ideas, they address unequivocal clinical fundamentals. Injection Cresp 40 bases on vivifying red platelet creation in fragile losses, especially those with kidney issues, while Exemptia forty imbuement targets safe structure issues through controlling pollution. Clinical thought experts need to have an over the top aptitude of these arrangements for you to pick the pleasant course of treatment for their setbacks.
Conclusion:
In light of everything, the treatment of each and every condition is predicated enthusiastically on the combinations of Cresp 40 injection and Exemptia 40 injection. They're utilized to manage a wide degree of conditions, including weakness and safe structure illnesses, but their standard objective is to chip away at the prosperity and best of life of patients. Seeing those imbuements' extraordinary limits and exercises grants clinical advantages experts to go with a ton of trained decisions that upgrade impacted individual results.
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sandentistvn · 10 months ago
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Hôi miệng do uống kháng sinh là gì?
Người bệnh sử dụng thuốc kháng sinh sẽ gặp tình trạng khó chịu và ợ ra mùi hôi. Đây được xem là tình trạng hôi miệng do uống kháng sinh.
Hôi miệng uống kháng sinh do đâu?
Theo các chuyên gia, nước bọt được tiết ra mỗi ngày là dung dịch sinh hóa khá phức tạp. Ở người lớn sẽ có từ 0,5 - 1,5 lít nước bọt được sản sinh mỗi ngày. Ngoài ra, nước bọt giúp vệ sinh răng miệng, trung hòa axit và ngăn chặn sự phát triển của vi khuẩn.
Khi ngủ, dây thần kinh điều khiển nước bọt bị tổn thương, nghẹt mũi và căng thẳng sẽ làm giảm quá trình tiết nước bọt. Khi đó, người bệnh sẽ sử dụng một số loại thuốc điều trị. Theo các chuyên gia, có hơn 400 loại thuốc điều trị bệnh lý có thể gây ra tác dụng phụ như giảm khả năng tiết nước bọt và hôi miệng.
Một số loại thuốc gây hôi miệng
Thuốc kháng sinh histamin
Thuốc kháng sinh histamin là loại thuốc được dùng để điều trị các trường hợp dị ứng. Người bệnh sử dụng loại thuốc này có thể gặp tác dụng phụ như giảm khả năng tiết nước bọt, hôi miệng và khô miệng.
Thuốc làm giảm Kali
Một số loại thuốc kháng sinh như carbenicillin, colistin sẽ làm giảm lượng kali trong máu. Ngoài ra, sử dụng các loại kháng sinh có chứa Na, K trong thời gian dài cũng có thể gây hại cho sức khỏe người bệnh. Sử dụng thuốc quá nhiều sẽ ảnh hưởng đến khả năng tiết nước bọt.
Thuốc chống trầm cảm
Các loại thuốc chống trầm cảm sẽ gây ra tình trạng khô miệng, đặc biệt với những người cao tuổi. Tình trạng này trở nên nghiêm trọng, bác sĩ sẽ thay thế bằng các loại thuốc chống trầm cảm ít hơn tác dụng kháng cholinergic.
Thuốc lợi tiểu
Thuốc tiểu lợi có khả năng ngăn chặn cơ thể hấp thu muối và nồng độ kali trong máu thấp. Những loại thuốc này sẽ được áp dụng cho những trường hợp phù, người bị suy tim và suy thận. Tuy nhiên, đây là loại thuốc cũng gây ta tác dụng phụ như khô và hôi miệng.
Thuốc có chứa hoạt chất Paraldegyde
Các loại thuốc chứa Paraldehyde sẽ được điều trị cho những trường hợp co giật rối loạn, bệnh thần kinh. Tuy nhiên, khoảng 30% hoạt chất Paraldehyde đi vào cơ thể, bài tiết qua phổi và gây ra tình trạng hôi miệng.
Thuốc điều trị trào ngược dạ dày
Các loại thuốc điều trị bệnh trào ngược dạ dày có chứa sulfur gây ra tình trạng hôi miệng. Ngoài ra, một số loại thuốc không kê đơn cũng chứa nhiều cồn và lượng đường cao, điều này tạo điều kiện cho vi khuẩn gây hại phát triển.
Hôi miệng do uống kháng sinh điều trị như thế nào?
Người bị hôi miệng do uống kháng sinh có thể áp dụng các biện pháp chăm sóc răng miệng đúng cách để ngăn chặn và điều trị bệnh lý hiệu quả.
Vệ sinh răng miệng đúng cách, đánh răng 2-3 lần mỗi ngày, sử dụng chỉ nha khoa, nước súc miệng và vệ sinh lưỡi.
Hạn chế ăn thực phẩm nặng mùi như hành, tỏi, tiêu và ớt cay.
Hạn chế hút thuốc lá và uống bia rượu.
Nhai kẹo cao su không đường để kích thích nước bọt tiết ra và khử mùi hôi miệng.
Uống nước đầy đủ mỗi ngày để giữ ẩm khoang miệng.
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thealphareporter · 11 months ago
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Veterinary Antibiotic Medicine Amoxan-C 300+ Antibacterial Amoxicillin And Colistin Sulphate Soluble Powder For Animal Use
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