#cobble paving setts | Explore Tumblr posts and blogs

paveworld · 8 months ago

Text

best slate wall cladding in uk

In Paveworld, we pride ourselves on offering the best traditional paving in UK. Our commitment to excellence extends to our unparalleled collection of sandstone spheres and natural stone spheres. Crafted with precision and care, our artisans ensure that each piece epitomizes the best sandstone balls available in the market. Whether you seek to enhance the aesthetics of your garden or create a distinctive landscape feature, our range of sandstone spheres promises durability, elegance, and timeless appeal. Explore Paveworld today and discover the epitome of quality in paving and stone spheres.

In Paveworld, we take pride in offering the best traditional paving options, ensuring that every project is infused with timeless charm and durability. Our commitment extends to providing the best natural stone spheres in UK, crafted to perfection and sourced from the finest quarries. Among our top offerings are the exquisite top sandstone balls, renowned for their unparalleled quality and aesthetic appeal. Whether it's a classic pathway or an intricate garden feature, our top sandstone spheres elevate any outdoor space with their innate elegance and enduring beauty. At Paveworld, we invite you to discover the unmatched allure of our sandstone sphere collection, where quality meets craftsmanship in every sphere.

Welcome to Paveworld, where we pride ourselves on offering the best garden stone spheres in UK. Crafted with precision and passion, our collection boasts exquisite sandstone balls, revered as the epitome of elegance and quality. With a commitment to excellence, we present the best sandstone balls in UK, each meticulously crafted to perfection. Elevate your outdoor space with our top sandstone spheres in UK, adding a touch of timeless charm and sophistication to any garden or landscape. Discover the unparalleled beauty and durability of our sandstone spheres, exclusively at Paveworld.

In Paveworld, our collection boasts the top sandstone balls in UK, offering unparalleled quality and durability. For best slate wall cladding, look no further than our meticulously sourced materials, ensuring not only aesthetic appeal but also longevity. Embrace the charm of traditional paving with our diverse range of options, each imbued with timeless elegance. Elevate your outdoor space with our exquisite natural stone spheres, crafted to perfection to add a touch of sophistication to any landscape. Discover the epitome of craftsmanship and beauty with Paveworld's selection of premium paving solutions.

Paveworld offers a stunning array of garden stone spheres in UK, adding a touch of elegance to any outdoor space. Their selection includes an assortment of Cobbles, Setts, and Edging options, allowing for personalized landscaping designs that exude charm and sophistication. Enhance the aesthetic appeal of your garden with their exquisite slate wall cladding, creating a captivating backdrop for plants and foliage. Whether you seek to elevate pathways or create defined borders, Paveworld's range of garden stone spheres and accompanying products promises durability, beauty, and timeless style for your outdoor sanctuary.

#natural stone #best natural stone supplier in uk #natural stone paving #natural stone supplier in uk #natural stone suppliers #natural stone supplier

0 notes

deadmomjokes · 8 months ago

Note

Regarding the question of the carriage being safe for transport of a stab victim: the short answer is "it's better than nothing." The long answer: It depends. On a lot, actually.

In the 1890s, London was a hodgepodge of road types. You had "macadam," which was compressed gravel/stone chip; "tarmacadam"/tarmac, which was compressed gravel treated with tar to make it hold together better; the coveted "sett" or "stone sett", which is the granite paving that looks like bricks; cobble/cobblestone, which is what most people think of but was actually not that commonly used; and wood block paving. This last was most common for quite a while, but was also what we would consider today to be a massive biohazard.

Wood is porous. It sucks stuff up. In an era when all serious overland transportation was done with literal horse power, and when animal control and public health weren't exactly ubiquitous, this meant those wood blocks were marinating every day in an awful lot of urine and feces. More expensive woodblock roads in swankier parts of town were pretreated with creosote or oil, which helped. But many woodblock roads and carriageways were giant sewer sponges that oozed when compressed, and turned into shallow rivers of what can only be described as toxic sludge when it rained. Which it is wont to do a lot in London.

Carriages at speed could throw wakes of sludge up to 15 feet high on the wettest days, and a fine mist of filth at most other times. There's a reason passenger cabs and carriages were covered and had shades or thick curtains, and it wasn't for the sake of privacy. It was so the passengers didn't get coated in ick. So depending on weather, route, mode of transit, and speed which your rescuer asks the driver to employ, you could very well be dealing with a choice between "trying to stop this man's bleeding in the dark," or "able to see but risking infection from the backsplash of road gunk."

Barring the aforementioned sludge storm, the ride itself wouldn't be that much of a danger to someone in need of medical attention for a stab wound. Contrary to popular media belief, carriages aren't all that bumpy or unstable. It all depends on the surface and the speed at which they're traveling.

Despite being heinous sponges of infectious filth, woodblock roads weren't all that bumpy. Not until they started needing repairs, anyway. Generally speaking London wood paved roads were routinely described as being smooth enough to cycle on, and quiet enough that carriages and wagons posed a documented risk to pedestrians. No clanking through potholes here.

When they started rotting, however, they did form wheel ruts and holes that led to a more uncomfortable ride. The rotting blocks were usually pulled up and replaced on an as-needed basis so that the road as a whole stayed open; so much like roads today, there may be a few divots here and there, but it was unlikely the whole route would be a bumpy, jostly mess. So field treatment en route to a hospital? Totally doable, especially when you only have to worry about controlling blood loss.

The main issue is going to be space and positioning, as well as speed.

"Carriage" could mean a number of things nowadays, but very few of those things would have been private transit back in the day. Most people walked where they needed to go, and those who needed to go a fair distance hopped on an "omnibus" (shortened to 'bus') or coach. These were long "carriages" (in quotes because a carriage was a very specific kind of vehicle at the time in question) pulled by teams of horses, often with set routes and stops. They also didn't go super fast, and were generally pretty crowded.

For urgent "get us to the hospital" travel in 1890s London, your characters would most likely hail a hansom cab, sometimes just called a "hansom," which was usually only big enough for one or two passengers. It's not spacious, and won't have room for the injured person to lie down. This could be a bit of a problem depending on where they've been injured. It could also make applying pressure to the wound more difficult (again, depending on location).

Hansoms had only one bench seat, facing forward with a lovely view of the horse's butt (the driver basically sits on the roof in the back). The door also closed across the front, roughly over the passengers' knees, like a slightly more roomy version of the safety bar on a roller coaster. Your characters are going to be shoulder to shoulder and pretty well unable to move around or change positions during the ride.

Hansoms could go a lot faster than other modes of hired transportation, but by the 1890s, there were also laws designed to discourage reckless speed. Exceptions could and would probably be made for life threatening situations, and with enough compensation to the cabbie, of course, but you could still run into traffic that makes it difficult to maintain the necessary speed, depending on where your characters are trying to go. It'll also depend on time of day-- it was easier to go recklessly fast at night when there was less pedestrian traffic and fewer witnesses.

So to boil it down to your original question, is it safe? Generally speaking. It's not going to be so bumpy as to dislodge important blood clots or anything. Is it going to make things worse? Probably not, unless they get stuck in a traffic jam so tight they can't get out of the vehicle and keep walking, or if your injured character gets so disoriented and anxious that they panic and try to jump out of a fast-moving hansom or open cart. But a lot of the specifics will depend on destination, path to get to said destination, mode of transit, weather/time of year, traffic/time of day, and how much money your characters have on them.

So here, have some links for more information and research!

I'm writing a scene where character A gets ambushed by an assassin. A gets injured and starts bleeding out. B swoops in to save them in the nick of time, but A starts fading in and out of consciousness. B transports A using a horse-drawn carriage (setting is 1890's London, so no cars) to a safe place for medical attention. Would the carriage be safe enough for transportation or make things worse? Also, any ideas where the wound could plausibly be located on A? (Stab/cut, no guns.)

Okay, so this is a good news/bad news situation.

The good news is that blood loss is really easy to understand. If someone pokes a hole in you, and you start leaking, you'll generally keep leaking at a pretty consistent rate until you manage to stop the leak, or until you start getting additional holes poked in you.

Now, joking aside, moving around, and staying active can accelerate bleed out. Especially if you're engaging in activity that keeps your heart rate up. For example: Running, or fighting. But, normally, you're going to keep losing blood at a fairly consistent rate. (Now, it's worth noting, as you lose blood, your body will actually increase your heart rate to keep oxygen going to your brain. This means that the rate of loss isn't completely consistent. You'll also start hyperventilating.)

The fun part about blood loss is it can actually turn into a math problem. If you know the volume lost per interval, you can calculate roughly how long it will take to die. Just take 2,000, then divide that by the blood lost in milliliters per interval (so, for example, minutes), and then you will know how many minutes your character has before they bleed to death. (Technically you can go over that two liters lost a little bit. (In sloppy napkin math, this means that you'll slightly overestimate how long the character will last.)

Here's the problem.

Hypovolemic shock has four recognized stages. These stages are bracketed by how much blood you've lost. Stage one is up to 15%, Stage two is 15-30%, Stage 3 is 30-40%, and Stage 4 is 40% or more. You might know that the human body has roughly five liters of blood in it, and if you were paying attention you'll notice that two liters is 40% of five liters.

As a quick aside, Stage 1's only symptom is that you'll be a little paler than usual. Otherwise you're basically fine (even if you don't feel particularly great.) To put this in context, you can (almost) lose a liquor bottle's worth of blood without serious side effects.

Once you hit stage 2 and 3, you'll see some mental issues. Anxiety and restlessness at Stage 2, confusion and impaired reasoning at stage 3.

Loss of consciousness (and comas) are symptoms of stage 4 blood loss.

This is the bad news. If you are losing consciousness from loss of blood, you have already lost so much blood that your body (and possibly your brain) are already dying. Humans can lose a frightening amount of blood before it incapacitates them. And, that fun little math problem earlier, the time to death that you're calculating, is also the time to loss of consciousness, because there's a tiny margin between, you bled to the point that you're drifting in and out of consciousness, and, you have bled to death.

There's still some hope here, but it's not great. First aid for hypovolemic shock is to stop the bleeding. It kinda makes sense, because if you don't, they'll bleed to death and after that, it won't really matter. That means, if you're swooping in to the rescue, the first thing you need to do is stop the bleeding, as best you can. When you're already looking at someone in stage 3 or 4, you're not going to stop it in the field, and the best you can do is buy time. But that is a critical step.

This leads to a really important question. How long did it take your character to lose two liters of blood?

Because, if they lost that much blood duringthe fight (which is, actually possible with some arterial hits), there is no medical science that would keep them alive long enough to get them to a surgeon. Not in 1890, and even in 2024 it'd be touch and go with modern emergency trauma packs.

This is a mortal wound.

Now, if you slow it down, and they're bleeding out over the course of the ride, that's entirely feasible. You'll probably want to read up on the exact stages of hypovolemic shock, keep in mind that the stages do transition from one into the next. And, keep in mind that, “slipping in and out of consciousness,” is basically the end. At that point they're about to die. Immediate surgical attention could still save their life, but they need a hospital. This is beyond the scope of what a back alley clinic could reasonably deal with.

I know I didn't address it earlier, but, “where,” could be pretty much wherever. So long as it didn't sever an artery, because at that point they would be dead. Arterial nicks could result in serious bleeding over time. Really, any serious, persistent blood loss that refuses to clot could create a situation like this. Deep tissue penetration, particularly when it damages internal organs, can be pretty nasty, and surprisingly hard to stop a bleed. If someone is hemorrhaging internally, that's going to require surgical attention to keep them alive, and any effort to stop the bleed will really be wasted effort (because they'll continue bleeding into the chest cavity), though, unless your characters have a pretty solid grasp of anatomy, they're unlikely to know that.

The real issue here, from a practical application, is just the, “swooping in at the last minute.” If you're really coming in at the last minute, you've got a minute to make peace with their death, and move on. If you get there sooner, you have more of a scene. You have more options to spool out the drama, and subvert expectations.

Consider, alternately: Your character comes in to disrupt the assassin, and the pair make their escape. While escaping, the character who's been injured discovers they're bleeding. Leading their rescuer to realize that the situation is much worse than they initially thought, and having to change route to a hospital, while the injured character starts to become less coherent.

In this alternative, you can carefully track how quickly the character is bleeding out, so that they're getting into the hospital right around the time it's starting to become touch and go. With a real possibility that they'll die, either before or during surgery. (Also, with added stress that now your character needs to keep them safe in a public space, while that assassin is still on the loose, and they can't move the injured character to someplace more secure.)

So, you've got options, and now you've got a math problem you can play with to figure out how quickly your characters will expire after you poke new holes in them.

-Starke

This blog is supported through Patreon. Patrons get access to new posts three days early, and direct access to us through Discord. If you’re already a Patron, thank you. If you’d like to support us, please consider becoming a Patron.

#history #writing #reference #blood tw #death tw

502 notes · View notes

landscapingthings · 11 months ago

Text

2024 Block Paving Design Ideas for Your Driveway

Your driveway is more than just a parking space; it's a key feature of your home's exterior. As we move into 2024, consider these creative block paving driveway ideas to enhance your property's curb appeal and make a striking first impression.

Transforming Your Driveway into a Focal Point Driveways are often the first thing people notice about your property. A well-designed driveway not only looks great but also maximizes curb appeal. When planning your driveway, consider the size, shape, and available space to create a design that's robust, resilient, and visually appealing. Keep in mind building regulations, budget, and practicality.

Diverse Block Paving Driveway Ideas Whether you prefer a traditional block paving, stone, granite setts, cobbled, or permeable driveways, there's a wealth of options to choose from. Each style adds a unique visual appeal to your home and provides practical off-road parking. Discover Paving and Landscaping can guide you through the selection process to find the best fit for your property.

Trendy and Traditional Block Paving: Block paving is versatile, with options like Drivesett® Tegula in Autumn offering a traditional, warm, sepia-toned paving that complements most brickwork, adding timeless elegance.

Contemporary Granite Setts & Drivesett Argent®: For a touch of elegance, granite setts are ideal. Alternatively, Drivesett Argent® offers a more affordable, sleek look with a low carbon footprint.

Elegant Cobblestone Paving: Drivesys® Original Cobble in Iron Grey and Canvas can create an antique design, reminiscent of old churchyards or medieval streets. Cobblestones are durable and offer various patterns for a unique look.

Durable Stone Driveways: Stone driveways, like Indian stone, offer a traditional, classy look and are incredibly durable. They come in various colors to match your home's aesthetics.

Modern Porcelain Driveways: For a contemporary design, consider porcelain driveways. They are easy to clean, frost-resistant, and offer a sleek look.

Eco-Friendly Permeable Driveways: Driveline® Priora in Burnt Ochre is a stylish, practical, and sustainable choice, providing effective drainage and water management.

Timeless Grey Block Paving: Grey block paving, like the Drivesett® Argent range, offers a premium finish at an affordable price, adding a touch of finesse to your property.

Crafting Your Ideal Driveway with Discover Paving and Landscaping Your driveway is an extension of your home. Discover Paving and Landscaping offers a variety of paving solutions, colors, and finishes to match your style and budget. We also provide finishing touches like lighting and edging to enhance your outdoor space. Contact us for more inspiration and a free quotation for your project.

For further ideas and options, explore our services in Patios & Paths and Garden Walls & Brickwork. Also, learn more about the Drivesett® Tegula here.

#driveways #block paving #block paving driveway #modern driveway #landscaping

0 notes

sulivan348 · 1 year ago

Text

paving contractors dublin

Right Price Paving are specialists in the installation of block paving, concrete setts, paving slabs and natural stone for driveways, paths and patios. First impressions are important. A new drive or patio installed by Right Price Paving will certainly enhance the look of your home for years to come. Individual block paving is available in a wide selection of block types and colours allowing an unlimited choice of laying patterns and designs. Whether you choose the classic lines of herringbone in standard blocks, random cobbles using concrete setts or complex patterns with circle or octant features, there is sure to be a style to suit your property.

1 note · View note

natural-indian-sandstone · 4 months ago

Text

Best quality Cobbles Setts & Edging - PAVE WORLD

Discover durable and elegant cobblestone solutions for driveways and patios in Canada. Explore cobble block paving and stone cobble options for timeless outdoor aesthetics.

#Driveway Cobble Setts #Cobble Block Paving #cobblestone driveway #cobblestone paving stones

0 notes

quicksettsuk · 1 year ago

Text

Quicksetts

Unlike typical granite cobblestone setts, Jobling Purser's QuicksettsTM may be installed and ready for traffic in a matter of hours. Customers in many old cities want paving materials that are both visually pleasing and durable enough to endure the heavy traffic of today. While granite cobble setts have traditionally been used, doing so necessitates closing roads for extended periods of time (weeks to months in the case of bigger projects), which not only disrupts traffic but also causes nearby businesses to get numerous complaints. No more. The current answer is QuicksettsTM, which were created by Jobling Purser and Design Cast. The rapidity of application is more important than their aesthetic compatibility with historic districts. QuicksettsTM can be adhered directly on to any existing sound, asphalt, or concrete surface, allowing large areas to be treated in a day and opened to traffic, significantly reducing inconvenience to road users and disruption to local business on the High Street without the need to remove the existing surface.

Visit Our Website

#Cobblestone roads #traffic calming solutions

0 notes

dangerousfurydeer · 2 months ago

Text

Right Price Paving

paving contractors dublin- Right Price Paving are specialists in the installation of block paving, concrete setts, paving slabs and natural stone for driveways, paths and patios. First impressions are important. A new drive or patio installed by Right Price Paving will certainly enhance the look of your home for years to come. Individual block paving is available in a wide selection of block types and colours allowing an unlimited choice of laying patterns and designs. Whether you choose the classic lines of herringbone in standard blocks, random cobbles using concrete setts or complex patterns with circle or octant features, there is sure to be a style to suit your property.

Contact Info: Right Price Paving Address: Cabra Rd, Cabra East, Cabra, Co. Dublin Phone: +35318762506 Website: http://rightpricepaving.com/

1 note · View note

yvonne3658 · 1 year ago

Text

paving contractors dublin

1 note · View note

quicksetts · 1 year ago

Text

youtube

Jobling Purser's QuicksettsTM mimic the look of classic granite cobblestone setts and may be installed and ready for traffic in a matter of hours. Customers in many old cities want paving materials that are both visually pleasing and durable enough to endure the heavy traffic of today. Traditionally, granite cobble setts have been used, but this has meant extensive road closures that might last weeks or months for major projects, causing significant disruption to traffic and local businesses and leading to numerous complaints. No more. The current answer is QuicksettsTM, which were created by Jobling Purser and Design Cast. They may be applied quickly and look good in any historic district. QuicksettsTM can be adhered directly on to any existing sound, asphalt, or concrete surface without the need to remove the existing surface, allowing for large areas to be treated in a day and opened to traffic, drastically reducing inconvenience to road users and disruption to local business on the High Street.

Address: Paradise Works, Scotswood Rd, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear. NE15 6BZ, UK

Phone: 0191 273 2331

Website: https://quicksetts.com

#Quicksetts #Youtube

1 note · View note

concretenewcastle · 1 year ago

Text

Types of Decorative Concrete

Concrete is a common construction material that can be used in a number of ways. It is often known for its strength and durability, but it can also be decorative.

A variety of techniques can be used to decorate concrete, including acid stains, acrylic stains, concrete dyes and integral colors (color mixed into the concrete before it is poured). Other methods include scoring, etching, chiseling, and polishing.

Pattern Imprinted Concrete

Often called ‘stamp’ or ‘textured concrete’, pattern imprinted concrete is a modern attractive paving method for patios, paths and driveways. It uses a range of pattern mats that imitate different types of stone, slate and cobble. This, combined with a choice of dyes, can give the impression of block, natural stone and flagstone paved surfaces.

Unlike tarmac which looks quite industrial and offers very little in terms of design, an imprinted concrete patio, path or driveway can create a more bespoke look to your property. Moreover, it doesn’t crack as easily in hot and cold weather.

Once the concrete is set it is then colour and printed with a variety of different designs. It’s very important that the colour is laid consistently to avoid a patchy finish. This is especially true if the job requires several concrete deliveries and a colour surface hardener. Once the concrete is cured it’s then sealed with a high-quality sealer that protects against stains, spillages and UV light fading.

Ashlar Stone

Ashlar is a type of finely dressed stone masonry. It can refer to either a single stone that has been worked until it is squared or masonry built from such stones. It may be coursed or stacked, creating continuous vertical joints, or random with discontinuous horizontal and vertical joints.

It is most commonly used in paving and walling projects. It can be finished in a variety of ways, including dry ashlar where all sides are precision-cut with a rough surface. This style was used in the ancient palaces of Knossos and Phaistos.

Another finish for ashlar is quarry faced. In this style, the visible faces of the stones are left natural, displaying their rock-faced texture. The beds and sides of the stones are carefully chiseled to create thin joints. This finish is a great option for areas that need a little extra grip. It is also possible to add exposed aggregate in this pattern. This gives the concrete a more rustic and natural look.

Herringbone

Herringbone is a distinctive weave pattern, sometimes known as “broken twill.” It’s similar to chevron, but differs in that herringbone uses rectangles that are straight across the width of the fabric, while chevron’s corners use angles that are less than ninety degrees.

Herringbone patterns can be seen in a variety of textiles, including tweed cloth. It’s also a common design element in flooring and parquetry, where rows of wood are staggered to create a zigzag pattern.

This elegant and versatile pattern is popping up in flooring, kitchen backsplashes, and other surfaces that can bring interest and energy to a room. When used on a large scale, herringbone can be bold and striking. However, on a smaller scale herringbone can look very subtle and read as solid from a distance. It’s a timeless, classic design option that can be incorporated into any design style. It’s an ideal choice for a kitchen backsplash, but can also accentuate the lines of mid-century modern furniture or complement reclaimed barn wood to create a rustic-chic dining table.

Cobblestone

Cobblestones are beautiful, and they instantly conjure images of winding lanes in misty villages. However, they’re tricky to walk on and a common cause of twisted ankles. They were also one of the first paving materials to be used in streets. Cobblestones are rounded stones, larger than pebbles and smaller than boulders, that were gathered from stream beds and mortared in place. Eventually cobblestones were replaced by quarried granite setts (also known as Belgian blocks), which are more uniform in size and can be installed without mortar.

In addition to being used in roads, reclaimed cobblestones are frequently found in historic buildings, including homes, stores, restaurants, stagecoach taverns and factories. The tumbling action of glaciers during the last Ice Age made abundant supplies of these small, rounded stones available in places like the Finger Lakes region of New York. These cobblestones were used to build many of the towns, villages and cities in this region of the US prior to the Civil War.

source https://concretenewcastle.wordpress.com/2023/07/14/types-of-decorative-concrete/

0 notes