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13)What is Sustainability?

The concept of sustainability is composed of three pillars: environmental, economic and social. Explained in the English dictionary Sustainability is the “avoidance of the depletion of natural resources in order to maintain ecological balance.” Sustainability is the focus on meeting the demands of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Sustainability influences businesses to take a more active approach in improving the environment. Increasingly, companies have issued goals such as commitment to zero-waste packaging by a certain year, or to reduce overall emissions by a certain percentage.

The environmental impact of the fashion industry 

Although the fashion industry is striving toward a more sustainable future, the industry still has a disastrous impact on the environment. It is considered to be the second biggest polluter of the world, just after the oil industry; and the impact is only increasing environmental damages as the industry continues to grow.

Water pollution

In a lot of the countries that garments are typically produced; untreated toxic waste waters from these textile factories are dumped directly into the rivers.

Waste water contains toxic substances, such as lead, mercury and arsenic among many others. These have an extremely harmful impact on the aquatic life and the health of those living near these rivers.The contamination eventually reaches the sea and eventually spreads around the globe.

Another major source of water contamination is the extended use of fertilisers for cotton production, which heavily pollutes run off and evaporation waters.

To prevent this we should choose clothes made in countries that have stricter environmental regulations for factories ie Canada, the EU and Us.

We should also choose more organic and natural fibres that do not require chemicals to be produced.

Water Consumption

The fashion industry is a major water consumer.

Large quantities of fresh water are used for the dyeing and finishing process for all of our clothes. To put this into perspective; It can take up to 200 tonnes of fresh water per tonne of dyed fabric.

Cotton also needs large amounts of water to grow; Up to 20,000 litres of water are needed to produce 1kg of cotton. This causes many issues, one being that it generates tremendous pressure on this already scarce source and secondly, it has dramatic ecological consequences such as the decertification of the Aral Sea; where cotton production has completely drained out the water.

Image found and taken from: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/46685/the-shrinking-aral-sea-recovers

We should be more conscious and choose fibres with low water consumption such as linen and recycled fibres etc.

Microfibres in the Ocean

When synthetic garments like polyester, nylon etc are washed, about 1,900 individual microfibres are released into the water; which then make its way into the oceans.

Scientists have since discovered that small aquatic organisms ingest these microfibres; These are then eaten by small fish which are then eaten by bigger fish, introducing plastic into our food chain.

To help eliminate this, we should use natural or semi-synthetic fibres.

Waste accumulation

Clothing has become disposable and as a result of this we are seeing- or not seeing- more textile waste being generated.

The average western household throws away around 30kg of clothing each year. Only 15% is recycled or donated, while the rest go directly to landfill or are incinerated.

Synthetic fibres like polyester are plastic fibres and therefore, non-biodegradable and can take up to 200 years to decompose. Synthetic fibres are used in 72% of our clothing.

We can choose natural or semi-synthetic fibres and buy less, buy better quality, mend and recycle clothes to help reduce this.

Chemicals

Chemicals are a major component in our clothes. They are used during fibre production, dyeing, bleaching and the wet processing of each garment.

This heavy use of cotton farming, causes diseases and premature death among cotton farmers. Along with that, massive amounts of fresh water and ocean water pollution and soil degradation are created.

These substances are also harmful to us, the consumer.

In order for us to reduce this we should choose organic fibres, sustainable and ethical brands and always wash new clothes before use. We should also look and wear garments with certification labels- such as; OEKO-TEX, GOTS or BLUESIGN.

Greenhouse gas emissions 

The fashion industry is accountable for 10% of global carbon emissions.

The industry is generating a lot of greenhouse gases due to the amount of energy that is used during its production and manufacturing process as well as the transportation of garments each year.

Synthetic fibres(Polyester, acrylic, nylon etc.) which are used in the majority of our clothes, are made from fossil fuel; making this a more energy-intensive   process than with natural fibres. Most of our clothing is produced in countries that are essentially powered by coal like China, Bangladesh and India to name few. This is the most impure and dirtiest type of energy in terms of carbon emission.

James Conca, Forbes reflects that “Cheap synthetic fibres also emit gases like N2O which is 300 times more damaging than CO2.”

Being aware of this, we should aim to buy clothes in countries powered by renewable energy and or choose natural fibres and buy better quality or mend clothing.

Soil Degradation 

Soil, is the fundamental element of our ecosystem. Healthy soil is needed for food production but also to absorb CO2.

The global degradation of soil is one of the main environmental issues our planet is facing- contributing to global warming and threatening global food security.

The fashion industry plays a major part in the degradation of soil in many ways: overgrazing of pastures through cashmere goats and sheep raised for their wool; massive use of chemicals to grow cotton and the use of wood based fibres like rayon that is causing deforestation. It is because of this that we should be conscious of more soil friendly fibres.

Rainforest Destruction

Every year, thousands of hectares of endangered and ancient rainforests are cut down and replaced by plantation of trees used to make wood-based fabrics such as rayon, viscose and modal.

The loss of forests are a direct threat to the ecosystem and indigenous communities. Over the past decade Indonesia has suffered large- scale deforestation of its rainforests.

Image found and taken from: https://www.thinkinghumanity.com/2018/05/revealing-video-by-greenpeace-international-raises-awareness-of-massive-deforestation-in-indonesia.html

Opt for lyocell/tencel instead of rayon, modal or viscose materials.

When we’re talking about the negative impacts that the fashion industry has on the environment, we should also take into account the un-ethical practices of those that are in the fast fashion garment making industry,

Majority of our clothes are made in countries in which workers rights are limited or non-existent. Production companies regularly move locations in search for even cheaper labour costs.Many of our beloved fashion brands assure its customers that the people making their clothes are paid at least the minimum legal wage. However in most countries like China, Bangladesh and India the minimum wage is said to be a lot less- between half to a fifth of the living wage. We can even see this type of thing with fast fashion retailers like ‘Boohoo’ who had been reported to only be paying their workers at their Leicester factory a meagre £3.50 an hour, when the minimum legal wage in the UK for those aged 25 and above stands at £8.72.Despite these claims BooHoo still managed to accumulate a surge in sales. It is also worth mentioning that Boohoo’s sister company ‘Pretty Little Thing’ received backlash after their Black Friday sale which reduced its products down to 99%. It was also discovered that during this current climate, the staff at the Leicester factory were not wearing protective face masks to help stop the spread of the coronavirus and so it comes as no surprise to find out the fashion workers are exploited and forced to work in health compromising working conditions in poorer climates. Garment workers are forced often forced to work 14-16 hours a day, 7 days a week in order to meet the brands deadlines. Because these workers have such a low income, a lot of them are unable to refuse overtime and in some cases, overtime is not even paid at all.

The collapse of the Rana Plaza, in 2013, killing 1134 garment workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh has given us a peek into the unacceptable labour conditions of these garment making factories within the fashion industry.

Image found and take from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/19/rana-plaza-uk-pressure-compensation-fund-victims

Workers are often left without ventilation; breathing in toxic substances. Accidents, fires, injuries and disease are very prevalent occurrences within these unethical textile production sites.

It is estimated that 168 billion children in the world are forced to work. Because the fashion industry requires low-skilled labour, children are often recruited and this is very prominent in the industry. In South India, 250,000 girls work under the sumangali scheme, in which girls are sent to work for 3-5 years in a textile factory in exchange for a basic wage and a lump sum at the end of their dowry. These children are often left overworked and are forced to live in appalling conditions.

Image found and taken from: https://features.hrw.org/features/HRW_2015_reports/Bangladesh_Garment_Factories/chapter-1.html

Sustainable Fashion

Image found and taken from: https://fashionmagazine.com/style/high-fashion-sustainable-clothing-photoshoot/

The meaning of sustainable fashion is having the intention to reduce environmental impact and improve social conditions within the industry.

The Green Strategy has set out clear goals to improve all stages of a product lifestyle focusing on harmful environmental effects and working conditions.

The Environmental Goals are aimed to protect natural resources; water, energy, land, soil, animals, plants, biodiversity, ecosystems; select renewable energy sources; wind, wave, solar, repair, remake, reuse, care and recycle products; Improve working conditions in the field, factories, transportation chain, and stores and to follow good ethics, best practice and international codes of conduct to ensure that these goals are maintained.

Green Strategy’s Anna Brismar has since identified seven main forms of more sustainable fashion production and consumption, as seen below.

Image found and taken from: https://www.greenstrategy.se/sustainable-fashion/seven-forms-of-sustainable-fashion/

Circular Fashion as explained by A. Brismar 2017 is “defined as clothes, shoes or accessories that are designed, sourced, produced and provided with the intention to be used and circulated responsibly and effectively in society for as long as possible in their most valuable farmland hereafter return safely to the biosphere when no longer of human use.”

The concept of circular fashion is based on the main principles of the circular economy and sustainable development. It’s concerned with the entire life cycle of a product, from design and sourcing all the way to production.

Essentially, fashion products should be designed with longevity, resource efficiency, non-toxicity, biodegradability, recyclability and good ethics in mind.

Moreover, products should be used for as long as possible, through good care, repair, refurbishment and sharing among multiple users over time. Things like shopping second hand/vintage, rent clothing, use resale sites, like Vinted, eBay, Depop and others alike can help with this as well as investing in circular fashion brands like MaisonCléo, AVAVAV and Rave Review who all use dead stock and left over materials for their creations; extending the life of unwanted or over-produced fabrics that would most likely end up landfill; materials should be recycled and reused for the manufacturing of new products. If unfit for recycling, these materials should instead be composted to become nutrients for plants and other living organisms in the ecosystem.

‘Clevercare’ owned by designer Stella McCartney has created a list of tips to help ensure the longevity of your clothing and to also become more environmentally friendly. She suggests to; not wash your clothes as often and spot clean; Wash clothes at a lower temperature to save energy and extend the life of your clothing; Hang clothes out to dry instead of relying on a tumble dryer and avoid using energy; Iron only when necessary; Consider using eco friendly dry cleaners and if you tire of an old item of clothing, recycle it and ultimately, the less you wash your clothes the better.

Fashion is seeing the start of products being pulled into the market based on actual demand rather than being pushed towards us based on guesses and forecasts.

Fashion on demand is a factor that a lot of designers are adopting to make their practices more ethical and environmentally aware as spoken by A.Brismar 2017 “We are likely to see a rise in the demand for more personalised items of higher quality that are produced ‘on-demand’ (such as tailor-made, custom-made and bespoke items.” Through this concept, we will hopefully see the result of a rise in just-in-time production, reduced levels of overstock, and an increase in the importance of small-batch production cycles.

Image found and taken from: https://bymegancrosby.com/collections/blooming-chaos-🍓

Designer Megan Crosby tailors to each customer, producing made to order pieces using old stock or sustainable fabrics, bold, bright fabric. Megan herself says that she uses “remnant, sustainable and deadstock fabrics as well as environmentally friendly dyes on every garment, to make sure I’m not harming the planet... Each item is made to order, so as well as giving you the perfect fit, I’m also not wasting fabric.” Statement taken and found: https://bymegancrosby.com/pages/about

Circular fashion is a concept that encourages to keep clothing and materials in use through recycling, repurposing and rewearing, avoiding the idea of making completely new products, thus, reducing the amount of ecologically harmful waste. This idea helps us to introduce the reduction of the amount of resources we are using up, as well as the amount of materials and products that end up in landfill.

Image found and taken from: https://stormfashion.dk/product/headwear/headband-marine-serre-1

Designer, Marine Serre creates dresses from patch worked vintage scarves and up-cycles used garments.

Compassionate Fashion: The protection of nature and people

Compassionate fashion (Slow fashion) has been developed as a contrast to the fast fashion industry. The aims are to create clothing within the lens of environmental, ethical, and sustainable ideals. As a result of this, slow fashion finds itself recycling material, reusing excess textiles, up-cycling vintage clothes and advocating for the prolonged lifetime of a garments. While these ideals have always been at the core of the ethical fashion movement, more of the fashion industry is opening up to become more ethically and environmentally conscious.

Designer Stella McCartney and her company believe that “Everybody in our supply chain should be treated with respect and dignity. We believe everybody should earn a fair wage. We believe in building modern and resilient supply chains that provide desirable jobs, foster people’s skills, strengthen worker’s voices and advocate for vulnerable groups.” Stella McCartney 2020

McCartney prides herself on using sustainable or sustainably sourced materials: re-engineered cashmere,100% sustainable viscose, fur free fur, organic cotton, recycled nylon & polyester, vegetarian leather, wool sourced from animal welfare farms etc.

Screenshots taken from: https://www.stellamccartney.com/experience/en/sustainability/themes/materials-and-innovation/

Other brands and designers are taking this approach with E.L.V. Denim taking discarded and unwanted denim; reusing and reworking them into modern and sophisticated designs and Richard Malone who uses natural dyes and little water waste as well as “keeping these women away from harmful chemicals that mega brands consistently overlook in their search for profit over progress.” he states. He has since developed techniques which turned recycled plastic and viscose into yarn and fringing, as well as working with weavers on recycling ocean waste.

How are High Street stores responding to sustainability issues?

Although we are aware that the majority of high street fashion brands are not using ethical and environmentally conscious practices-we are slowly starting to see certain brands and retailers stepping up and heading towards a more sustainable future.

H&M are amongst a few brands that have taken a step towards sustainable fashion. They state that “This is an ongoing process, with a clear aim of continuous improvement...Our vision is for all our operations to be run in a way that is sustainable; economically, socially and environmentally...It will also allow us to improve the livelihood for people and strengthen the communities where we operate. We are involved in various projects and initiatives related to both environmental and social issues.”

H&M have introduced a garment collection service ‘I:collect’ and created a collection attributed to their sustainable practices called ‘The Conscious Collection; where it is said that all items are made from recycled materials. In 2017 their promotion video called ‘H&M Conscious: Bring it on’ suggests that this revoke allows them to revamp these items of clothing, donating them to other people or recycling the materials and making them into new items of clothing or useful items like cloths and cardboard, to name a few- “Instead of throwing old or unwanted garments away, you can bring these to the H&M Store. We will then give them a new life...we work to prevent textiles ending up in landfills...In early 2014, we took the first big steps in this mission and made the first products with at least 20% recycled material from collected garments.”

image found and taken from: https://www.retaildetail.eu/en/news/fashion/hm-continues-its-sustainability-efforts-conscious-exclusive-collection

Zara is another major high street fashion label that has been making an effort to boost its sustainability image with the launch of their ‘JOIN LIFE’ movement; which includes sustainability commitments, ethical goals and products that are made from the most sustainable raw materials – organic cotton, Tencel, Lyocell and recycled polyester, which will account for 20% of Zara’s collections by the end of the of 2015. They claim that by 2025 Zara clothes will be made from 100% sustainable materials- with the owner stating that Massimo Dutti and Pull&Bear will shortly follow suit.

An article from GraziaDaily.co.uk documented that Zara has made plans for 2,232 stores to meet the company’s eco-efficient standard and by 2020, “Zara’s factories will aim to produce zero discharge of hazardous chemicals for all products at every stage of the supply chain, while all collections will use sustainable cotton, linen and recycled polyester by 2025.The company is also committed to producing zero landfill waste from its logistic centres and headquarters by 2023 and those same Zara facilities are driving towards using 80 per cent clean energy before 2025.” To top this off Zara has already eliminated single-use plastic bags, with its bags now being 100% recycled as are its cardboard online boxes. Source: https://graziadaily.co.uk/fashion/news/zara-sustainability/

Images found and taken from: https://www.eco-stylist.com/how-sustainable-is-zara/

https://www.triplepundit.com/story/2016/zara-launches-sustainable-fashion-line-fall/22461

Ultimately,It is through this that we can appreciate H&M’s and Zara’s step towards making their brand more sustainable and ethically conscious. With this we can only hope that more fast fashion brands alike will feel more inclined to adopt this and carry this out into their own brands/labels.

[pingmycareer]

Coal India Recruitment 2018 | 528 Medical Executives Posts

Coal India Recruitment 2018 | 528 Medical Executives Posts

Coal India Recruitment 2018 | 528 Medical Executives Posts

All eligible candidates are hereby asked to Apply Online for 528 Medical Executives Posts in Coal India, West Bengal. Online Applications are invited by Coal India from 29 Jun 2018 at 10:00 AM to 28 Jul 2018 till 05:00 PM for 528 vacancies. Other necessary details regarding, Coal India Recruitment 2018 are given below::

Total Vacancies:…

[preeti-shetty]

Best IAS Coaching in Dhanbad

While there are lots of success stories of students who crack the IAS exam with Top IAS Coaching in Dhanbad, joining a coaching class helps improve your skills, knowledge to crack the UPSC exam. There are Top IAS Coaching in Dhanbad that you can join to upgrade your IAS exam Preparation. Being in a constantly competitive world will boost your performance and also make expert yourself for IAS preparation in the right direction by Top IAS Coaching in Dhanbad. There is no alternate for the Best IAS coaching in Dhanbad when it comes to UPSC preparation. Here are the detail of the Best IAS Coaching in Dhanbad for IAS exam will enhance your chances and help you get better in the competition. Best IAS Coaching in Dhanbad, Contact details, Address, Faculty, Batch size, Batch time, Location, Infrastructure, fee structure, Facilities, Subject lists, Test series, Optional subject- their faculties, Online/ offline classes & Top IAS Coaching in Dhanbad, Which is the top UPSC coaching in Dhanbad with fees structure, List of Top IAS coaching in Dhanbad.

Better the coaching, higher the chances for success. However, each student has his or her own requirements. So make sure you choose the best IAS coaching in Dhanbad that is right for you based on the faculty experience, course fees, distance from your home and your own strengths and weaknesses in English, Quantitative Aptitude, Logical Reasoning, Decision Making, History, Indian Polity, Geography, Economy, Environment, Science and Current Affairs for IAS.

Dhanbad is the second-most populated city in the Indian state of Jharkhand after Jamshedpur. It ranks as the 42nd largest city in India and is the 34th largest million-plus urban agglomeration in India. It is the 96th fastest growing city of the world by the City Mayors Foundation. Dhanbad shares its land borders with Paschim Bardhaman district, West Bengal.

The city is called the 'Coal Capital of India' for housing one of the largest coal mines of India. The prestigious institute, Indian School of Mines (now IIT Dhanbad) is situated in Dhanbad. Apart from coal, it has also grown in information technology,

Dhanbad is the 56th cleanest city of India, according to the 2019 Swachh Survekshan cleanliness survey. It showed a great change in the city which was considered the dirtiest city in the 2018 Swachh Survekshan. Dhanbad Municipal Corporation works for increasing green cover in the city. Among the rail divisions of Indian Railway, Dhanbad Rail Division is the second-largest in revenue generation after the Mumbai division. Dhanbad ranked as the top city in India with the highest 4G mobile phone network availability in India by a survey of Open signal.

The Union Public Service Commission, commonly abbreviated as UPSC, is India's premier central recruiting agency for Group 'A' officers of Government of India under union government civil services, union government defense services, union government engineering services, union government health science services, union government natural resources services, union government architecture services, union government functionality services and union government law services . It is responsible for appointments to and examinations for Group A posts of the union government under different professions. While Department of Personnel and Training is the central personnel agency in India.

The agency's charter is granted by Part XIV of the Constitution of India, titled as Services Under the Union and the States. The commission is mandated by the Constitution for appointments to the services of the Union and All India Services. It is also required to be consulted by the Government in matters relating to the appointment, transfer, promotion and disciplinary matters. The commission reports directly to the President and can advise the Government through him. Although, such advice is not binding on the Government. Being a constitutional authority, UPSC is amongst the few institutions which function with both autonomy and freedom, along with the country’s higher judiciary and lately the Election Commission.

The commission is headquartered at Dholpur House, in New Delhi and functions through its own secretariat. Pradeep Kumar Joshi has been the Chairman of UPSC since August 2020.

Established on 1 October 1926 as Public Service Commission, it was later reconstituted as Federal Public Service Commission by the Government of India Act 1935; only to be renamed as today's Union Public Service Commission after the independence.

The two papers of the IAS prelims are discussed in detail below:

General Studies

The General Studies test is the first paper of the preliminary examination.

This test is intended to test the general awareness of a candidate in a wide range of subjects that include: Indian Polity, Geography, History, Indian Economy, Science and Technology, Environment and Ecology, International Relations and associated UPSC current affairs.

Civil Services Aptitude Test (CSAT) (Generally conducted between 2:30 PM and 04:30 PM)

This UPSC Prelims syllabus for CSAT intends to assess the aptitude of the candidate in solving ‘Reasoning and Analytical’ questions, apart from ‘Reading Comprehension’ and the occasionally asked ‘Decision Making’ questions.

The ‘Decision Making’ based questions are generally exempt from negative marks.

To be noted:

The preliminary examination is only meant for screening a candidate for the subsequent stages of the exam.

The marks obtained in the Prelims will not be added up while arriving at the final rank list.

The subjects included in the prelims are common for all. However, there is an option to opt for a few subjects in the mains phase of the examination. Get the detailed list of IAS Subjects included in the syllabus for UPSC prelims and mains at the linked article.

UPSC Syllabus for GS Paper (Prelims Paper I)

Current events of national and international importance.

History of India and Indian National Movement.

Indian and World Geography-Physical, Social, Economic Geography of India and the World.

Indian Polity and Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.

Economic and Social Development – Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector initiatives, etc.

General issues on Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity, and Climate Change – that do not require subject specialization.

General Science.

UPSC Syllabus for CSAT Paper (Prelims Paper-II)

Comprehension

Interpersonal skills including communication skills

Logical reasoning and analytical ability

Decision-making and problem solving

General mental ability

Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc.) (Class X level), Data interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency, etc. – Class X level)

List of Top IAS Coaching institutes in Dhanbad:

#1 Online UPSC – IAS Coaching - The Prayas India

Rank – 2 - Chanakya IAS Academy

Rank – 3 - Scope IAS

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Amid Health Care Shortage, Immigrants Are Rural America's Saving Grace

Roberta Boltz keeps her doors unlocked at night. The former coal mine worker says it is just one perk of living in the small Pennsylvania town of Hegins. But last Christmas morning, she had her first epileptic seizure, and her only worry about rural life took center stage: access to health care. There is no hospital in her community of 812 residents, and she says she does not trust the one closest to her. "I've heard people say they wouldn't send their dog to that hospital," Boltz said. "They're so understaffed." Seated upright in a platinum nightgown, with gauze covering her thin forehead, Boltz recently made the one-hour commute to Danville, Pennsylvania's, eight-story, 559-bed Geisinger Medical Center to receive care, as she has done during several critical life moments. Geisinger treated her son's Crohn's disease when he was a child, and more recently, after her husband suffered a heart attack.  Located beside a 300-acre forest, Danville is not much more urban than Hegins. With a population of 4,631, it could not by itself support a hospital this size that serves all of central Pennsylvania and has grappled with its own issue of filling medical staff positions. Geisinger has tried to solve its own staffing problem by hiring immigrants from Jamaica, India, the Philippines, South Korea, Kenya, Cameroon, Nigeria, Ghana and others — many of whom have come to live in a borough (town) that is 94% white.  In interviews with VOA, Geisinger staff referred to the nursing shortage crisis as one of its biggest supply-and-demand challenges. Despite being the region's "employer of choice," they say local talent recruitment alone has fallen short of their needs. Big shortage The entire United States faces a massive shortage of health care professionals over the next decade, including up to 120,000 physicians by 2030. One-third of currently active doctors in the country will reach retirement age during that span. Unless the health care workforce gap is addressed, rural areas are likely to bear the brunt of its effects, says Andrew Lim, director of quantitative research at New American Economy, a bipartisan research organization. "If you look at urban areas, there are over 200 doctors per 100,000 people. But if you look at rural counties, the number of doctors to go around is much less — something like 82 for every 100,000," Lim told VOA. The population of Danville more than doubles when Geisinger — with its 6,200 employees — is fully staffed. Among the workers: 415 internationally trained physicians and 57 foreign-born registered nurses. "Not only is Geisinger trying to recruit (international nurses), many other health systems are," Julene Campion, vice president of human resources at Geisinger, told VOA. "We could probably use another 100 easily (across the Geisinger network), but there aren't enough available." "We've outgrown our ability to supply," added Crystal Muthler, Geisinger's vice president of nursing — a 30-year veteran.  The community's needs, combined with an aging workforce, she says, are ultimately what led Geisinger to reevaluate its staffing model and implement an international nurse initiative in 2018. "We have to look at how we attract people to the area," Muthler said.  According to U.S. Bureau of Labor statistics, health care is projected to be the largest-growing sector of new job creation over the next decade, accounting for more than 1.3 million new jobs, roughly one-third of them for registered nurses. But for those looking to find opportunity in the United States, while helping fill a critical shortage, obstacles remain. Doctors have been impacted by the Trump administration’s travel ban, while some health aides and nursing assistants could be barred from getting a green card. It is unclear whether Trump's new immigration plan, announced on May 16, will help health care staffing. The merit-based system would favor immigrants who fall into broad "high-skill" categories, including "professional and specialized vocations," at the cost of family-based and humanitarian immigrant visas. 'Kindness is my language' Even now, foreign-born health care professionals represent more than their share of the overall U.S. population; 14.7% of nurses and 22.7% of health aides are immigrants, according to NAE, compared to 13.7% of the population as a whole. Thirty-five-year-old Hemoy Drummond, a recent Geisinger hire from Jamaica, has an EB-3 employment-based immigrant visa. She has 13 years of experience as a registered nurse. "I was very nervous. It was a new setting, new expectations," Drummond said. "But when I got here, I realized that people are kind. … I said, 'That's my language.'" Danville, with its lush hillsides and nearby cornfields, reminds her of the sugar cane fields her father harvested in her native Clarkstown, Jamaica. Her community is safe. The mother of two can walk home alone after a late shift. The nursing work is easier in Danville than in a short-staffed Montego Bay hospital. "It's easier to care for four to six (patients at Geisinger) than 18 (in Jamaica)," Drummond said. "I love to talk with (patients) that extra minute." Willing to stay In town, locals generally welcome — or at least tolerate — their new international neighbors.  "They're magnificent!" remarked one woman on Danville's Mill Street. "We'd be stupid not to let them into our country." Two hours southeast of Danville, along the Susquehanna River in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, views are more mixed. A foreign-born doctor described Chambersburg as "where blue meets red."  Yet Chambersburg Hospital, too, has been trying to solve its health care staffing problems with immigrants. In Chambersburg, population 20,878, VOA spoke with 10 foreign-born doctors from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Poland and Hungary. Nine of them expressed a willingness to remain in rural Pennsylvania long term, including Indian physicians affected by a per-country green card backlog that has placed their families' future in limbo.  ​U.S.-born physicians do not want to go to Chambersburg, much less stay, explained Dr. Golam Mostofa, chairman of the department of hospital medicine at Chambersburg Hospital. "Fifty percent of our hospital medicine physicians are foreign graduates," Mostofa said. "If we interview 10 American graduates, maybe one shows up." Dr. Muhammad Khokhar, a gastroenterologist from Lahore, Pakistan, has been in Chambersburg for 16 years. He remains committed to the town, even after his sixth grade daughter's classmates at a Montessori school accused her of making bombs. "(When) you have invested so much in the community, and you have built up relationships with your partners and the practice, it's difficult," Khokhar said.  "I'm here," he added. "This is my retirement place."     from Blogger http://bit.ly/2JKjIiE via IFTTT

[falconridgegrp-blog]

ISH China & CIHE – the go-to trade fair for capturing lucrative opportunities in China's HVAC industry

ISH China & CIHE will return to the New International China Exhibition Center in Beijing on 6 – 8 May 2019. This must-attend event for the HVAC industry is currently in full swing with its exhibitor recruitment.

Organised by Messe Frankfurt (Shanghai) Co Ltd and CIEC Union (Beijing) International Exhibition Ltd, ISH China & CIHE 2019 will focus on the latest trends of the HVAC industry which present lucrative opportunities for overseas brands. The fair will occupy 116,000 sqm of exhibition space and host over 1,300 renowned brands. As a leading HVAC exhibition in Asia, ISH China & CIHE covers an impressive range of exhibits including HVAC, plumbing, smart heating and intelligent household systems.

ISH China & CIHE has already secured the participation of recognised overseas and domestic brands. Confirmed notable enterprises include A.O Smith, AIC, Airpower, Alarko, Amitime, Amnesty, Anze, Ariston, Bekaert, Bllc, Cadiffi, CALEFFI, Chant, Chongguang, Danfoss, Devotion, Fangkuai, Gassero, GREE, Grundfos, Gude, Haier, Hailin, HANSE, Herush, Honeywell, Ideal, Jae Woo, Jankun, KD Navien, Kenuo, KITURAMI, KMC, Linuo Paradigma, Nasen, Noritz, Nuociss, NWRH, Oilon, Outes, Oventrop, Panasonic, PHNIX, Power World, Radiant, Rheem, Rinnai, Shimge, Siemens, SingFun, STIEBEL ELTRON, ThermlQ, Tsinghua Tongfang, Unbeatable, Vexve, Vicot, Warm Master, watts, YUMA and Zehnder.

Return of the well-received Overseas Area provides a gateway for international HVAC brands to enter the Chinese market

Thanks to the government's coal-to-clean-energy initiatives, China is experiencing a rapid growth in the HVAC market. The debut appearance of the Overseas Area in the 2018 edition successfully allowed foreign companies to extend their market reach to China. Highly regarded by participating exhibitors, this area will again return to ISH China & CIHE in 2019, gathering prominent brands from countries such as the UK, France, Germany, Italy and Turkey. International brands that have confirmed their participation in this zone include AMETEK, Bowers Eclipse, Cordivari, Groppalli, Heatmise, KANE, MADAS, Polidoro, Sermeta, Shinwoo Valve, Vexve and ZERO.

The Overseas Area presents an unrivalled opportunity for exhibitors to find new markets. One of the participating exhibitors in the 2018 edition, Sermeta, expressed strong approval on the effectiveness of this zone. Mr Joseph Le Mer, President of the company said: “We are targeting the entire Chinese market, and with the government's policies here, we see that this market is the future. We're here to explore new prospects in China.” Sermeta considered ISH China & CIHE as an indispensable platform, and has already decided to return to the 2019 show. “The role this fair plays in the industry is very different to Europe as it's more focused on China. China takes up a significant part of the worldwide market, which makes it worth us being here,” Mr Le Mer further explained.

ISH China & CIHE is headed by the biennial ISH event in Frankfurt, Germany, which is the world's leading trade fair for HVAC + Water. The mother event will take place from 11 – 15 March 2019 (Monday to Friday). For more information, please visit www.ish.messefrankfurt.com. Furthermore, the next edition of ISH India powered by IPA will run from 28 February – 2 March 2019 at Bombay Exhibition Centre, Mumbai.

A further ISH event in China, ISH Shanghai & CIHE, will be held from 3 – 5 September 2019 at the Shanghai New International Expo Centre. For more information about ISH China & CIHE and ISH Shanghai & CIHE, please visit www.ishc-cihe.hk.messefrankfurt.com or email info@ishc-cihe.com.

Background information on Messe Frankfurt

Messe Frankfurt is the world's largest trade fair, congress and event organiser with its own exhibition grounds. With more than 2,500* employees at 30 locations, the company generates annual sales of around €715* million. Thanks to its far-reaching ties with the relevant sectors and to its international sales network, the Group looks after the business interests of its customers effectively. A comprehensive range of services – both onsite and online – ensures that customers worldwide enjoy consistently high quality and flexibility when planning, organising and running their events. The wide range of services includes renting exhibition grounds, trade fair construction and marketing, personnel and food services. With its headquarters in Frankfurt am Main, the company is owned by the City of Frankfurt (60 percent) and the State of Hesse (40 percent). https://constructionlinks.ca/news/ish-china-cihe-go-trade-fair-capturing-lucrative-opportunities-chinas-hvac-industry/ Established in 2003, Construction Links Network is a peer-to-peer network sharing platform for the construction, building and design community. This one-of-a-kind platform provides the tools necessary to source and distribute the latest news, videos, events and innovative products / services the industry has to offer which helps our members plan, design and build great projects around the world. #construction #building #architecture #engineer #safety #realestate

[govtjob4u-blog]

Coal India Limited Recruitment 2018

Coal India Limited Recruitment 2018

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Post Date: 28-06-2018

Total Vacancy: 528

Brief Information: Coal India Limited has given an employment notification for the recruitment of Sr Medical Specialist/ Medical Specialist, Sr Medical Officer vacancies. Those Candidates who are interested in the vacancy details & completed all eligibility…

[mycindia-blog]

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For More Details Visit https://bit.ly/2IuU9wI

[indiagovtjobsinfo]

CIL 528 Medical Executives Recruitment Notification 2018

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[learngujarat-blog]

Coal India Limited Medical Professionals Recruitment 2018

Coal India Limited Medical Professionals Recruitment 2018

Coal India Limited Medical Professionals Recruitment 2018

Coal India Limited (CIL) Recruitment for 528 Medical Professionals 2018

Recently Coal India Limited (CIL) has published Advertisement for below mentioned Posts 2018. Other details like age limit, educational qualification, selection process, application fee and how to apply are given below.

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[savetopnow]

2018-03-12 09 NEWS now

NEWS

Associated Press

Democrat seeks coal-country help in Pa. House election

'Fake news' smear takes hold among politicians at all levels

Rally shows free-wheeling, media-bashing Trump here to stay

US officials: No more conditions imposed on NKorea for talks

Trump administration's words, deeds on Africa are colliding

BBC News

Trump's not so new election slogan

Climbing Mount Everest while doing 'keepy uppies'

Priya Varrier: The actress whose wink stopped India

The people trying to stop celebratory shooting

Frozen music: The festival with ice instruments

Chicago Tribune

Man shot during West Side robbery

Man charged with making false bomb threat as plane left O'Hare

South Side Irish Parade's focus on family, community offers unique appeal for celebrants

Coast Guard to break up ice for Green Bay fuel shipments

5 Lake County residents indicted on election-related charges

LA Times

Chargers sign Casey Hayward to contract extension; look to be more selective in free agency

Kevin Harvick races to third straight NASCAR Cup victory

Upton's three-run homer in the sixth lifts Angels over Rangers

Treasury secretary defends Trump after he mocks Rep. Maxine Waters as 'very low IQ' in insult-laced speech

Clippers face three games on the road this week

NPR News

Waffle House Waitress Helps Customer, Goes Viral, Gets Scholarship

Former FARC Rebels Face The Ballot In Colombia Congressional Elections

A New Rail Line In Lahore May Damage Heritage Sites, Activists In Pakistan Warn

Public Health Advice Issued To U.K. Restaurant Goers Following Ex-Spy Poisoning

Steve Bannon Takes Anti-Establishment Message Overseas: 'Let Them Call You Racists'

New York Times

Phnom Penh Journal: Deported, and Sticking Out: ‘This Ain’t Home. America’s My Home.’

‘Punish a Muslim Day’ Letters Rattle U.K. Communities

Helicopter Crashes in East River Off Manhattan, Officials Report

N.C.A.A. Tournament 2018 Live: Selection Sunday Bracket Updates

White Evangelical Women, Core Supporters of Trump, Begin Tiptoeing Away

ProPublica

Injured Nuclear Workers Finally Had Support. The Trump Administration Has Mothballed It.

We’ve Updated Our Campaign Widget to Better Help You Follow the Money

ProPublica Wins Five SABEW Awards for Business Journalism

The Trump Appointee Behind the Move to Add a Citizenship Question to the Census

Florida’s Governor Will Sign Bill Expanding Workers’ Comp Benefits for First Responders

Reddit News

Hundreds of Missouri’s 15-year-old brides may have married their rapists

Japan marks 7th anniversary of tsunami that killed 18,000

Catholic Church opposes Georgia law extending time for sex victims to sue

1,000 children may have been victims in Britain's biggest ever child abuse scandal

Irishman who killed British man found naked at airport with his genitals in a tuna can jailed for 2 years

Reuters

Syrian army splinters rebel enclave in Ghouta onslaught

Trump unleashed at raucous rally for embattled Pennsylvania Republican

RWE, E.ON reshape German power sector in Innogy asset swap deal

Not just theater: U.S. officials defend Trump-Kim meeting

Hundreds urged to wash clothes after UK nerve agent attack

Reveal News

Nation’s largest janitorial company faces new allegations of rape

A group of janitors started a movement to stop sexual abuse

The Hate Report: How white supremacists recruit online

New documents about Jehovah’s Witnesses’ sex abuse begin to leak out

California is preparing to defend its waters from Trump order

The Altantic

West Virginia's Teachers Are Not Satisfied

This Average Joe Is the Most Quoted Man in News

The Unsinkable Benjamin Netanyahu?

Eric Garcetti Isn't Expecting Much From Washington

The Particular Horror of Church Shootings

The Guardian

Novak Djokovic beaten by world No109 at Indian Wells as Edmund tumbles out

Tiger Woods falls just short as Paul Casey wins Valspar Championship

Elon Musk: we must colonise Mars to preserve our species in a third world war

Zizzi diners told to wash clothing after nerve agent traces found

Blockers review – sweet tale of parents and teens gets preachy

The Independent

Helicopter crashes into New York's East River, with people 'trapped inside'

Police close London King's Cross station amid pro-Kurdish protests

Ireland abortion referendum: Pro-choice campaign calls 40,000 Irish expats home for vote

Yemen civil war: Saudi expulsion of Yemeni workers swells Houthi ranks

Labour's general secretary shouldn't be elected by membership, Corbyn ally Chris Williamson says

The Intercept

“An Ordinary Muslim” and the Clichés of Culture Clash on Stage

“Rise and Kill First” Explores the Corrupting Effects of Israel’s Assassination Program

Bigoted Election Campaigns, Not Terror Attacks, Drive Anti-Muslim Activity

A Hidden Factor in Police Shootings of Black Americans: Decades of Housing Segregation

Congress Failed to Meet Donald Trump’s DACA Deadline, but These Dreamers Are Fighting On

The Quartz

For some reason, porn searches for Stormy Daniels are way up

The final tally of the vote that allows Xi to be president for life

Rediscover the simple, essential practice of squatting with Quartz for Messenger

When daylight saving time was put to a vote

You’re probably way too optimistic about your future happiness

Wall Street Journal

Visas Issued to Foreign Students Fall, Partly Due to Immigration Policy

Xi Jinping Clear to Rule Indefinitely as China Scraps Presidential Term Limits

U.S. Pares Back Use of Turkish Base Amid Strains With Ankara

EU, Japan Press for Tariff Waivers as U.S. Weighs Criteria

Trump on Kim Talks: 'Tell Him Yes'

[hudsonespie]

New Horizons

Frank Coles has a vision. The Wallem Group CEO wants to enhance transparency in the ship management business and change the business model through the power of technology.

"The lack of transparency is about how the business is conducted and how managers are paid,” he explains. “As a consolidator in the old business model, a ship manager was seen as a middle manager of any services provided. This created a lack of transparency in actual costs to operate. Owners should pay a fair rate for value and recognize the expertise provided by ship managers.” 

A new model is needed, Coles says: “The relationship between an owner and a manager should move to much more of a consultancy where a fair rate is paid for the expertise and risk that the manager takes on.  As we progress towards a technology-based service, where analytics and performance can be more readily monitored, it should be possible to show the value the manager is bringing in decisions, analysis, predictions and overall risk management.”  

Having previously run companies like Transas, Inmarsat Maritime and Globe Wireless, Coles certainly knows the technology business. So when Wallem came calling two years ago, he jumped at the opportunity. 

“The opportunity to lead a prestigious and diversified company like Wallem was something I could not pass up,” he commented. “With the increased industry focus on efficiency, safety and the environment, providing quality shipping services, crews and technical support is going to be critical. Wallem understands the needs and expectations of owners and clients and is well-placed to be a leader in the future of maritime operations support.”

Wallem, for its part, was looking for a new leader – someone who could guide the more than century-old company in a fast-changing, increasingly technological age. “We are delighted that Frank has agreed to join us,” stated Chairman Nigel Hill. “The shipping world is grappling with a wide range of challenges and opportunities at present. We are confident that we have found the right person to ensure that Wallem stays in the forefront of delivering first-class maritime solutions to its customers, as it has done throughout its long history.”

It was a marriage made in heaven.

Roots

In 1903 a Norwegian shipbroker named Haakon Wallem started a shipping company in Shanghai, which he aptly named the Wallem Group. Two years later he bought his first ship, the SS Oscar II, a 4,750-dwt sail-steamer built in 1893. By 1908 the company was managing two sister ships in the coal trade along the Chinese coast, making Wallem – in effect – the first third-party ship manager in the world.  

Today, it’s not only the oldest but one of the largest. With roots deep in China and headquarters in Hong Kong, it’s survived the Boxer Rebellion, the collapse of the Qing Dynasty, the Warlord Era, the Japanese War and the Cultural Revolution, all the while expanding its business in Asia and opening new offices throughout the region. 

Two years ago, for example, Wallem’s Singapore office celebrated its 60th anniversary. What began as a small office offering ship agency services is now a hub – not only for Wallem but the world – with the Singapore office providing not just ship agency services but also ship management, technical management and commercial services, supported by a global network of 47 offices in 18 countries.

China remains a big market for Wallem. Among other activities, it manages cruise ships, naval vessels, project cargoes, heavy lift and breakbulk projects. In addition, the main Shanghai office has a technical team responsible for oversight of newbuilding projects as well as drydock operations. Wallem is also the only foreign shipping company to operate a Seafarer Manning Operation in China with rights to recruit, train and deploy Chinese mariners worldwide. 

All told, the company operates in 18 countries and employs about 7,000 mariners and 1,000 shore-based personnel in 47 offices. Its reach extends well beyond China and Asia, and its portfolio of services has similarly expanded to meet the changing needs of its clients. 

In addition to ship agency and ship management, Wallem offers a multitude of related functions such as Asset Management, which includes functions like lifecycle management, shipbroking and recycling along with commercial and technical management and newbuilding oversight. Crewing and Training are two other vital services. Wallem operates eight training centers in China, the Philippines, India and Ukraine that include course accreditation by local authorities and flag states along with a curriculum designed to meet and exceed industry standards.

Safety Management & Assurance, Technology Consultancy and Support Services – like procurement and port operations – are other offerings in an ever-growing list, all part of the company’s goal to be “the leading provider of technology-driven maritime solutions in a customer-centric and transparent manner.”

A New Strategy

Upon assuming the reins in October 2018, Coles wasted no time in outlining his new strategy, having spent the previous six months putting it together. It was based on three fundamentals: supporting quality through safety, transparency through technology and service through support.

Six months later the company updated its corporate identity and branding to mark “a profound shift in its service offering that will harness the latest technology to improve asset management transparency and efficiency in a program intended to transform the relationship between owners and their ships.” The new identity and logo were visible symbols of the company’s ambition to establish a fundamentally new approach to collaborating with vessel owners, enabling them to extract maximum value from their vessels.

It also announced the introduction of BASSnet™ Fleet Management Systems as the backbone for its vision to be the leading provider of technology-driven maritime services. BASSnet™ was a way to standardize ship processes and represented a total solution for maintenance, safety, operational and financial management services on a fleet-wide basis. 

In so doing Wallem became the first ship management company to implement a complete suite of integrated software without customization, defying the myth that ship operations were somehow different and required multiple layers of overlapping technology. 

“Having run several maritime software companies and considering the complexities of operations, compliance and the regulatory environment,” Coles commented, “I was keen to not reinvent the wheel. We have chosen to install a cloud-based solution without customization. Exactly how digitalization is supposed to be done. Offering transparency, analytics and business intelligence is the way forward for high-performance fleet management, and implementing a complete enterprise solution from BASSnet™ will allow us to integrate the power of big data with our business processes.”  

The next move came in July 2019 when the company migrated to the new Agency System, a cloud-based software designed to reduce paperwork and simplify workflows in its ship agency business. Simplifying documentation and actions required in port calls enabled Wallem’s agents to enhance service quality and consistency for customers worldwide. It was an immediate hit.

A month later it deployed SEDNA, a collaborative platform providing team inboxes allowing staff to work together on incoming messages and increase responsiveness to customers. Integrated with the Agency System, it formed a key component of the company’s broader digital transformation aimed at streamlining interactions with customers and improving transparency through the intelligent use of technology.

Empowering Seafarers

In the new millennial age of shipping and as a former ship master himself, Coles recognizes that seafarers must undergo continual training to stay abreast of the advances in technology and automation onboard. 

"Technology is only half the story,” he says. “For the technology to support and empower it must be used as it was designed, by someone properly trained. So the processes must follow the technology. The user must learn a new process, and the old systems removed. Poorly trained users and new technology on old systems are worse than nothing at all.” 

Training must go above and beyond the regulatory mandates, Coles adds. Captains are overburdened with too many responsibilities already. Training other crew members to take on more operational responsibilities will ensure that voyages sail more efficiently and profitably for owners.

The mayhem wrought by the coronavirus has changed the world and the shipping industry forever, but Coles sees it as a possible “Black Swan” moment to change for the better.  

He reminds us that while the trend is towards greater automation, these systems must be overseen by highly trained and competent operators. Moreover, the notion that unmanned vessels are just around the corner is more debatable now considering the complexity of new engines, fuels and environmental challenges – particularly in highly concentrated urban regions where shipping thrives. 

“Digitalization today is a toxic combination of overhyped capabilities, confused customers and fragmented implementation,” Coles says. “Multiple levels of redundancy for propulsion and safety systems are required before removing any crews can be considered.”

Reinventing Shipping

Changing the business model for not just ship management but shipping itself goes beyond leveraging fuel efficiency or smart routing or just-in-time arrivals. It’s about reinventing ships as a green node on an extended value chain. 

Coles is quite precise in his thinking as he strives to change attitudes from the top of the industry to the bottom. He reminds us that “Shipping is not special. But if it wants to be, it must let go of the past and reinvent itself.” 

Tony Munoz is Publisher and Editor-in-Chief of The Maritime Executive.

from Storage Containers https://maritime-executive.com/article/new-horizons-1 via http://www.rssmix.com/

[iasshikshalove]

Detailed News Articles: 2 July 2019

Detailed News Articles: 2 July 2019

July 3, 2019Shiksha IAS Academy

1. Rise in cases of vector-borne diseases

According to a report from the three municipal corporations in Delhi, cases of vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue and chikungunya have shown an increasing trend this week.

Details:

·         The number of cases of vector-borne diseases is expected to rise during the monsoon.

·         The three municipal corporations in Delhi have been undertaking several measures such as door-to-door to surveys and spraying insecticides to prevent mosquito breeding.

·         The experts from the public health department requested residents to take precautionary measures.

·         They also advised residents to clean all utensils, coolers, flower pots and other items which are conducive to the accumulation of water every week thoroughly.

Vectors:

·         Vectors are living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals to humans.

·         Many of these vectors are bloodsucking insects, which ingest disease-producing microorganisms during a blood meal from an infected host (human or animal) and later inject it into a new host during their subsequent blood meal.

·         Mosquitoes are the best known disease vector.

·         Others include ticks, flies, sandflies, fleas, triatomine bugs and some freshwater aquatic snails.

Diseases transmitted by Mosquitoes:

Aedes:

·         Chikungunya

·         Dengue fever

·         Lymphatic filariasis

·         Rift Valley fever

·         Yellow fever

·         Zika

Anopheles:

·         Malaria

·         Lymphatic filariasis

Culex:

·         Japanese encephalitis

·         Lymphatic filariasis

·         West Nile fever

2. Report sought on fly ash management

The National Green Tribunal sought a report from the authorities on the current status on disposal and management of fly ash.

Details:

·         The report has been sought, following a plea alleging unscientific handling of fly ash generated by a unit of NTPC.

·         A Bench headed by NGT Chairperson has directed Aravalli Power and Jhajjar Power to provide a report on the current status of fly ash disposal and management.

·         They have also been directed to furnish an action plan along with timelines within one month.

·         Additionally, the Haryana State Pollution Control Board was directed to furnish a report on the status of air quality and stack monitoring with respect to the two units within one month.

Fly Ash and Fly Ash Management:

·         Fly Ash is the residue of the combustion process produced at the time of generating power in coal based thermal power plants.

·         It is a resource material used for manufacturing of blocks, bricks & tiles, Portland cement, construction of road embankments, low lying area development and in many applications of construction industries.

·         The fly ash content produced as result of combustion of Indian coal is significantly higher as compared to the other countries.

·         Various approaches need to be adopted for effective fly ash management.

·         The coal has to be washed at the place of origin in order to prevent the ash from entering the power plant. Currently 63% of the fly ash produced is utilised.

·         Effective fly ash management reduces fly ash generation.

·         This is necessary for the environmental protection and also to reduce the land space occupied by fly ash in the power plant.

3. Lessons from Bhutan

Analysis:

Taking a Closer Look at the new move by Bhutan:

·         The new salary scales will benefit about 13,000 teachers and doctors.

·         This is a novel move.

·         No other country has accorded teachers and doctors such pride of place in its government service, both in terms of remuneration and symbolism.

·         Remarkably, the proposal was announced by Bhutan’s Prime Minister Lotay Tshering, himself a qualified doctor — which suggests that professional experience informs the policy.

(a)    Examining the Policy:

·         It is important to examine the policy’s educational aspect.

·         Is the proposal part of a coherent strategy, or an inspired announcement that is resolute in intent but likely effete in effect?

·         The policy’s tonal reference is to be found in Bhutan’s 12th Five Year Plan (2018-23), published by its Gross National Happiness Commission, which is also the country’s highest policy-making body.

·         The commission’s strategy to achieve desired national outcomes through education opens with the notation, “making teaching a profession of choice”.

·         The proposal then is evidently at the core of a larger governmental strategy to achieve the country’s human developmental objectives.

·         The decision also comes in the wake of high levels of teacher attrition, especially the best.

·         Experts opine that the government has formulated the policy as a mechanism to stop this attrition.

(b)   Positively influencing educational outcomes:

·         Intuiting the correlation, as Bhutan has, between attracting the best talent to a profession and the renumeration it potentially offers is easy.

·         However, an important question arises: Is it possible to demonstrate that improving the status of the teaching profession positively influences educational outcomes?

·         The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study that measures and compares student ability in reading, mathematics, science and global competence, with financial literacy an option.

·         Accordingly, it ranks educational systems of countries.

·         An independent study led by the economist, Peter Dolton, has demonstrated a distinct correlation between student outcomes in a country, as measured by PISA scores, and the status that its teachers enjoy.

·         The initiative’s latest report, Global Teacher Status Index 2018, based on its own surveys across 35 countries, goes on to make a strong case for high wages to improve teacher status.

·         It is important to note that policies act as levers that governments use to achieve desired results in focus areas.

·         The results of Bhutan’s policy, if implemented, will take a few years to emerge for critical evaluation. It is, however, based on credible research.

(c)    The fiscal implications:

·         Bhutan already spends about 7.5% of its GDP on education. The fiscal implications of the new salary structure are unclear now.

·         Generally, teachers constitute a considerable portion of government employees.

·         Therefore, governments looking to emulate Bhutan’s lead will inevitably be asked questions about the financial viability of such a momentous administrative decision.

·         For instance, the Minister concerned in Tamil Nadu, one of India’s better performing States on educational indices, turned down demands of striking teachers for better pension explaining that wages, pensions, administrative costs and interest repayments already amounted to 71% of the State’s expenditure.

·         He asserted it leaves little for other developmental programmes.

(d)   Can India afford a similar policy?

·         India currently spends about 3% of its GDP on education, accounting for about 10% of the Centre’s and States’ budgetary expenses.

·         Salaries constitute a large portion of this expenditure.

·         The NITI Aayog in its report last year (2018) recommended that India raise this to 6% of GDP by 2022.

·         Paying teachers (and doctors) significantly higher salaries may seem like a tall order, but the Central and State governments could consider rationalising both teacher recruitment and allocation of funds to existing programmes.

·         Some programmes may have outlived their purpose, while others could be pared down or better directed.

·         In fact, improving accountability in the system could free up huge savings.

·         It is important to note that a World Bank study found that teacher absenteeism in India was nearly 24%, which costs the country about $1.5 billion annually.

·         Absenteeism could be the result of many factors, including teachers taking up a second job or farming to boost incomes, providing parental or nursing care in the absence of support systems, or lacking motivation.

·         The incentive of an enviable income which is girded with unsparing accountability could mitigate many ills that plague the system, free fiscal space and help meet important national developmental objectives.

·         Piloting a policy of such consequence may also be easier in a smaller State, say Delhi.

(e)    Case in Point: Education System in Delhi

·         Education is a key focus area for the Delhi government; the State invests 26% of its annual budget in the sector (much more than the national average).

·         The administration has also worked on improving teacher motivation as a strategy for better educational outcomes. The base has been set.

·         Experts point out that the political leadership in the State, which is unafraid of the bold and big in the social sector, could build on this.

·         Moreover, since the State is highly urban and well-connected, it would be easier to enforce accountability measures, which must underpin so heavy an expenditure.

Concluding Remarks:

·         Ultimately, no investment that enables an educated, healthy, responsible and happy community can be deemed too high by any society.

·         The short-term GDP-minded would do well to consider these words in OECD’s ‘Education at a Glance 2018’ report: “The quality of education can be a strong predictor of a country’s economic prosperity. Shortfalls in academic achievement are extremely costly, as governments must then find ways to compensate for them, and ensure the social and economic welfare of all.”

·         In conclusion, Governments intent on improving the quality of education they offer must step out of incrementalism in policy-making.

·         Improving teacher status by offering top notch salaries to attract the best to the profession could be that revolutionary policy-step forward, which Bhutan has shown a willingness to take.

4. Miles to go: self-care medical interventions

Analysis:

·         Experts point out that ‘self-care’, which mostly happens outside the formal health system, is nothing new.

The rise of self-care interventions:

·         However, what has changed is the deluge of new diagnostics, devices and drugs that are transforming the way common people access care, when and where they need them.

·         With the ability to prevent disease, maintain health and cope with illness and disability with or without reliance on health-care workers, self-care interventions are gaining more importance.

The Twin Problems many in India face:

·         Millions of people, including in India, face the twin problems of acute shortage of healthcare workers and lack of access to essential health services.

·         According to the World Health Organization, which has released self-help guidelines for sexual and reproductive health, over 400 million across the world already lack access to essential health services and there will be a shortage of about 13 million health-care workers by 2035.

What does Self-Help mean?

·         Self-help would mean different things for people living in very diverse conditions.

·         While it would mean convenience, privacy and ease for people belonging to the upper strata who have easy access to healthcare facilities anytime, for those living in conditions of vulnerability and lack access to health care, self-help becomes the primary, timely and reliable form of care.

·         Not surprisingly, the WHO recognises self-care interventions as a means to expand access to health services.

·         Soon, experts opine that the WHO would expand the guidelines to include other self-care interventions, including for prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases.

Perspective on India:

·         India has some distance to go before making self-care interventions for sexual and reproductive health freely available to women.

·         As a matter of fact, Home-based pregnancy testing is the most commonly used self-help diagnostics in this area in India.

·         Interventions include self-managed abortions using approved drugs — morning-after pills taken soon after unprotected sex, and mifepristone and misoprostol taken a few weeks into pregnancy — that can be had without the supervision of a healthcare provider.

·         Crucially, while the morning-after pills are available over the counter, mifepristone and misoprostol are scheduled drugs and need a prescription from a medical practitioner, thus defeating the very purpose of the drugs.

·         The next commonly consumed drug to prevent illness and disease is the pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention.

·         India is yet to come up with guidelines for PrEP use and include it in the national HIV prevention programme.

·         Despite the WHO approving the HIV self-test to improve access to HIV diagnosis in 2016, the Pune-based National AIDS Research Institute is still in the process of validating it for HIV screening.

·         Lastly, one of the reasons why people shy away from getting tested for HIV is stigma and discrimination.

·         The home-based testing provides privacy.

·         India has in principle agreed that rapid HIV testing helps to get more people diagnosed and opt for treatment, reducing transmission rates.

5. Imitation registry

Analysis:

·         This is a variant of the National Register of Citizens (NRC) that Assam has adopted with decidedly mixed results so far.

·         Nagaland claims to have watched the process unfold in Assam, followed it closely, and it will now complete the task of identifying and registering indigenous inhabitants in less than five months, by December 10, 2019.

·         This is more or less the kind of time-line that was followed by Assam, which is yet to publish its final NRC a year after the process began.

·         In two months from July 10, 2019, Nagaland hopes to have a list of indigenous inhabitants, after which it will be published and time given till October 10 to file claims and objections, before finalisation.

An Issue that needs greater thought:

·         Experts opine that Nagaland’s plan sounds simple. Furthermore, Nagaland is considerably less populated than Assam.

·         However, the Assam experience shows that in the complex demographies of the Northeastern States, it may not turn out that way.

·         As many as 40 lakh people were left out of the NRC listing in Assam, which seemed aimed to filter out ‘illegal immigrants’.

·         Indeed, in Nagaland, various local attempts have been made to determine non-locals, non-tribals and non-Nagas, and identify what some people refer to as the ‘Illegal Bangladeshi Immigrant’.

·         As a matter of fact, two years ago, a town not farther than 15 km from Dimapur, the largest city and the commercial capital of the State, passed a resolution to place curbs on IBIs and devised ways to prevent them from integrating, living or trading in the town.

(a)    Need to Proceed with Caution:

·         Experts opine that when such is the situation on the ground, in an already volatile region where the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act is routinely extended, it is best that Nagaland proceeds with caution in this enterprise.

·         The RIIN should not ultimately become a vehicle to make outsiders of insiders.

·         The Assam experiment has no clear end-point.

·         As a matter of fact, Bangladesh has repeatedly suggested that the process going on in Assam is “an internal matter” of India, implying that there is no deportation possibility here.

·         Critics opine that other than deepening the existing fault-lines in its own State and rendering the situation even more volatile, it is unclear what the Nagaland government hopes to achieve through the exercise.

Concluding Remarks:

·         An important question arises: What happens to the people who are in the end found to be on the wrong side of the Nagland list?

·         It is important to note that the right to appeal and a humane hearing should be in-built in this exercise.

·         Finally, the NRC experiment in Assam witnessed extremely divisive political posturing.

·         Other Northeastern states are sure to be watching with keen interest what is unfolding in Assam and Nagaland.

·         Emotive political issues cannot be allowed to drive the compiling of a registry of citizens.

6. Violation of reservation in top posts at universities

Analysis:

·         Experts opine that the introduction of the Central Educational Institutions (Reservation in Teachers’ Cadre) Ordinance, 2019, which is meant to “provide for the reservation of posts in appointments by direct recruitment of persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and the socially and educationally backward classes, to teachers’ cadre in certain Central Educational Institutions established, maintained or aided by the Central Government”, redresses the anomaly found in the recruitment of Other Backward Class (OBC) candidates at higher levels of teaching positions.

What does the ordinance indicate?

·         The ordinance indicates that reservation to OBCs shall be provided at all levels of teaching, leaving no space of misinterpretation by some universities that had arbitrarily restricted reservation for OBCs to the level of ‘Assistant Professor’. 

Perspective on Universities in violation of the ordinance:

·         Recent advertisements by 13 central universities are in clear violation of the ordinance.

·         Of these, only Allahabad University and Dr. Harisingh Gour University have followed fully the reservation policy by earmarking positions for OBCs at all levels, while the Central University of Kashmir has reservation at all levels except that of ‘Professor’.

Representation of OBCs:

·         Further, even after a clarification issued by the Ministry of Human Resource Development recently, only the Central University of Himachal Pradesh issued a revised notification providing OBC reservation at all levels of teaching.

·         Curiously, while the Indira Gandhi National Tribal University — Amarkantak has reserved positions for ‘Economically Weaker Sections’ (EWS) at the levels of ‘Associate Professor’ and ‘Professor’, it has no reserved positions for OBCs.

·         The Tata Institute of Social Sciences, which is known for its commitment to issues related to social justice, too has no reservation at higher levels of teaching positions.

·         The rapidity with which the Central University of Rajasthan has almost reached the last step of recruitment is questionable.

·         It is important to note that though OBCs account for about 50% of the country’s population, their representation in all faculty positions in all central educational institutions is only 9.8%.

·         According to a recent report by the University Grants Commission, only 13.87% of positions at the Assistant Professor-level in central universities were occupied by OBCs. The representation became almost negligible at higher levels, i.e. those of Associate Professor and Professor, accounting for just 1.22% and 1.14%, respectively.

·         Noticeably, the representation of OBCs was less than that of Muslims at higher levels of teaching. Certain communities of Muslims are recognised as OBCs, and if we exclude them, the representation of non-Muslim OBCs in the institutions would become negligible.

Concluding Remarks:

·         Generally, the decision-making power at universities rest upon the Professors and Associate Professors.

·         Professors, who play a significant role in the recruitment process, at times misinterpret the constitutional provisions.

·         Even if a violation is found, the maximum a court does is to order a correction to the institution’s advertisement, without awarding any compensation to the petitioner or punishment to the violators. Moreover, legal procedure is tedious and hence is generally avoided.

·         Noticeably, implementation of reservation for SCs, STs and OBCs in higher educational institutions funded by the Centre was delayed for more than 15 years after the announcement, while the same for EWS was done within a month of the announcement.

·         Such differential treatment results in imbalanced representation of a social group at higher levels of teaching and decision-making.

7. Is there a case for free rides for women?

Analysis:

·         In an important recent development, women may soon get to travel for free on buses and Metro trains in Delhi.

·         However, experts point out that this gender-based public transport fare subsidy programme, announced by the Aam Aadmi Party government, has not been tested anywhere in India in the past.

Looking at the two sides of the argument:

·         Proponents claim that the policy will protect and liberate women.

·         Critics argue that it is financially unviable and unfair.

·         As polarised debates over the intent and impact of the policy continue, it is useful to assess whether this idea, in principle, has any merit.

·         A Look at the International Perspective:

·         It is important to note that cities often provide public transport fare subsidies to all or some citizens to encourage them to use public transport, or for easing their travel cost burdens.

·         Singapore, for example, offers a discount to rail commuters who are willing to travel before the morning rush-hour.

·         Public transport is free for residents in Estonia.

·         Luxembourg, with a population of about 600,000, has made public transport free for those under the age of 20. Paris, with a population of over 2 million, has announced a comparable plan.

·         Hong Kong has implemented a public transport fare concession scheme for people aged 65 years or more.

·         Berlin offered women a 21% ticket discount for one day in March this year (2019) to highlight the gender wage gap.

(b)   The Indian Perspective:

·         In India, however, urban transport fare discounts are less common, although concessions for seniors, students, and other socioeconomic groups are available for government-operated flights and long-distance railway services.

·         Further, fare discounts intend to make public transport truly public as some people are at a relative disadvantage in urban transportation markets due to their unique social, economic, and health circumstances.

·         As a matter of fact, Article 13 in the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights recognises freedom of movement as a basic human right.

·         If we consider transportation as a fundamental social need and providing mobility for the transportation-disadvantaged as our collective responsibility, then any urban transport policy should include subsidies targeted at the disadvantaged.

·         Specific supply-side investments or fare price discounts to help the disadvantaged travel, conduct activities and prosper are therefore justified.

·         Public transport may even need to be free for some. In this context, it is important to examine the case of women.

(c)    A Note on Women Commuters: 

·         It is important to note that women in India travel far less than men, and this has significant impacts on their education, employment, and enjoyment.

·         A study in Delhi found that college girls, compared to boys, chose lower ranked colleges with safe and reliable transport access.

·         Similarly, an estimated 60% of women workers in India choose to work from home or at a place which is less than a km from home, according to the 2011 Census.

·         The remaining working women tend to rely excessively on public transport, according to a World Bank Study conducted in Delhi.

·         An RTI application revealed that, in 2013, only 13% of Delhi driving licences were issued to women. These findings are suggestive of gender differences in travel choices and patterns.

(d)   Factors Contributing to the Inequality:

·         Wage discrimination, gender segregation in employment, and household labour divisions contribute to gender inequality in transportation.

·         Because men’s jobs are considered to be more valuable, they tend to own the household vehicles and commute privately.

·         This lopsided rationing of household transport budgets also results in women taking slower commute options to save on expenses.

·         When Delhi Metro hiked fares last year (2018), around 70% of women surveyed in a study suggested that they would have to choose a less safe travel option for work, or travel less.

·         It is important to note that compromises on education and jobs for travel purposes is one of the reasons for women earning less than men, leaving the workforce, and consequently being more cash-poor than men. Finally, limited money to travel also means that women are willing to forgo hospital visits, significantly affecting their health.

·         There may be a case for free or discounted public transport for women.

·         A subsidy like this is most likely to benefit women who might consider taking up jobs for which they are better suited but are further away from home.

·         Women can engage in a range of activities that promote their well being. Free public transport can therefore bring more women to public spaces, and, consequently, make those spaces safer for women.

(e)    Examining the cost of free rides:

·         Two questions remain. Who will pay for the subsidies aimed at the transportation-disadvantaged? And will such subsidies make it difficult for public transport to achieve its other major goal — reducing car use and cleaning up the air?

·         To address these questions, we must first recognise that personal motorised vehicle travel is highly subsidised globally, including in India. Believe it or not, driving is cheap.

·         Car and motorised two-wheeler users are not required to pay for the full costs their travel choices inflict on society in the form of traffic congestion, environmental pollution, and distortions in urban form.

·         It is important to note that promotion of cleaner fuels and vehicle-sharing can reduce but not eliminate the costs.

The Way Forward:

·         Indian cities must consider pricing interventions such as congestion charges, mileage-based road use charges, parking charges, and higher petrol taxes so that private driving costs better reflect full social costs.

·         London and Stockholm, for example, have been charging for congestion for over a decade. Such measures, in addition to discouraging driving, can help governments generate funds for expanding, improving, and operating relatively cleaner transportation alternatives such as public transport.

·         It is important to note that better public transport service is key to getting people out of cars, reducing air pollution, and making cities more liveable.

It is possible that revenues from appropriately charging personal motorised travel will be sufficient to make travel by public transport cheap or free for the transportation-disadvantaged, without any additional public subsidy requirement.

As a matter of fact, even if free public transport for women makes economic sense and seems fair, would all women support the policy?

Concluding Remarks:

·         Informal surveys conducted after the Delhi government’s announcement suggests that women are divided in their preference for the policy.

·         Women who feel this policy treats them as lesser citizens should have the choice to opt out.

·         Whether a free public transport pass for women should be income-based is unclear; means-testing for a public transport fare concession programme may not be worth the effort.

·         Finally, this debate is not for Delhi alone.

·         It’s time that all Indian cities crafted efficient, effective, fair, and context-specific public transport policies. Men and women do not enjoy equal freedom to move in India, and policymakers should act.

Thank you!

[coolgeneralcollectionfireth-blog]

Competitive Exams after Graduation

What is competitive exam?

  A competitive examination is an examination where candidates are ranked according to their grades. If the examination is open for n positions, then the first n candidates in ranks pass, the others are rejected. They are used as entrance examinations for university and college admissions, now a day for recruitment purpose.

 These exams are taken to check the analytical skills, presence of mind, pressure handling skills, and knowledge of the student’s. This exams follows may follow several stages on single stage of conducting exam. 

The main purpose of such exams is to shortlist the candidates. For this exam you should be practiced online aptitude test and online exam test series.

Exa: If there are seats for ‘100’ number and applicant for these seats are ‘1000’ then top ‘100’ number of applicant from the applications will be consider. Sometime they may consider more than requirement exa: ‘400’ then in next stage they shortlist required candidate.

Every recruiters or colleges have different criteria and format of exam for the position. As lot of competition, there is huge difference between the number of applications and the available seats.

Clear such entrance exam is not everyone’s cup of tea.  Don’t get demoralized, consistency, hard work can help in cracking any competitive exams. Cracktest help you to win this race if you really have willed to win.

List of Popular Exams after graduation

1) Banking Exams

Various bank recruits for different post like clerk, PO, SO.  The most popular banking exams are:

IBPS: IBPS recruits for many bank, IBPS conduct common exam for group of banks. IBPS recruit for different post like Clerk, PO, SO. You should be prepare for the free mock test IBPS exam.

SBI: SBI recruit for their own bank. You should be prepare for the free mock test SBI PO mains.

2) Insurance Exams

Like banks there are lot of insurance companies the conduct competitive exam to hire capable staff for them.

LIC

NIACL

NICL

UIIC

3) Railways

Time to time railway conduct competitive exams to fulfill their staff. Different zone publish notification for various type of posts.

Common Railway exams are:

RRB Group D

RRB NTPC

4) SSC

Staff Selection conduct exams for different Cadres. Most common exam is

SSC-CGL

5) UPSC

UPSC conduct exams for different cadres like

Civil Services

Indian Economic services

Indian Statistical Services

Combined Medical Services

Engineering Services

6) NABARD

NABARD conduct exams for officers and other post for development of rural agricultural banks

7) MBA

Various colleges/Universities conduct entrance exam for higher education in Business Administration like Master in Business Administration, Master in Business Management, and Diploma in Business Administration

Some Popular Exams are:

CAT

MAT

XAT

ATMA

SNAP

GMAT

CMAT

MH-CET

8) GATE

Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is a National Level Entrance Test through which candidates can find admission into M. Tech./M.E./PhD Programs in IITs, IISERs, IISc and other known Institutes of India

9) Navratna and Maharatna

Navratna and Maharatna companies conduct various entrance exams.

As on April, 2018, there are 8 Maharatnas and 16 Navratnas in India.

  Navratna CPSEs

Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)

Container Corporation of India Limited

Engineers India Limited

Hindustan Aeronautics Limited

Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited

Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited

National Aluminium Company Limited

National Buildings Construction Corporation Limited

NMDC Limited

Neyveli Lignite Corporation Limited

Oil India Limited

Power Finance Corporation Limited

Power Grid Corporation of India Limited

Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited

Rural Electrification Corporation Limited

Shipping Corporation of India Limited

Maharatna CPSEs

Coal India Limited

Gas authority of India limited (GAIL)

Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL)

National Thermal Power Corporation Limited (NTPC Limited)

Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)

Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited

Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL)

Also various states conduct different - different exams for various posts.

How to prepare competitive exam?

[omgstupendousbouquetbasement]

Amid Health Care Shortage, Immigrants Are Rural America's Saving Grace

Roberta Boltz keeps her doors unlocked at night. The former coal mine worker says it is just one perk of living in the small Pennsylvania town of Hegins. But last Christmas morning, she had her first epileptic seizure, and her only worry about rural life took center stage: access to health care. There is no hospital in her community of 812 residents, and she says she does not trust the one closest to her. "I've heard people say they wouldn't send their dog to that hospital," Boltz said. "They're so understaffed." Seated upright in a platinum nightgown, with gauze covering her thin forehead, Boltz recently made the one-hour commute to Danville, Pennsylvania's, eight-story, 559-bed Geisinger Medical Center to receive care, as she has done during several critical life moments. Geisinger treated her son's Crohn's disease when he was a child, and more recently, after her husband suffered a heart attack.  Located beside a 300-acre forest, Danville is not much more urban than Hegins. With a population of 4,631, it could not by itself support a hospital this size that serves all of central Pennsylvania and has grappled with its own issue of filling medical staff positions. Geisinger has tried to solve its own staffing problem by hiring immigrants from Jamaica, India, the Philippines, South Korea, Kenya, Cameroon, Nigeria, Ghana and others — many of whom have come to live in a borough (town) that is 94% white.  In interviews with VOA, Geisinger staff referred to the nursing shortage crisis as one of its biggest supply-and-demand challenges. Despite being the region's "employer of choice," they say local talent recruitment alone has fallen short of their needs. Big shortage The entire United States faces a massive shortage of health care professionals over the next decade, including up to 120,000 physicians by 2030. One-third of currently active doctors in the country will reach retirement age during that span. Unless the health care workforce gap is addressed, rural areas are likely to bear the brunt of its effects, says Andrew Lim, director of quantitative research at New American Economy, a bipartisan research organization. "If you look at urban areas, there are over 200 doctors per 100,000 people. But if you look at rural counties, the number of doctors to go around is much less — something like 82 for every 100,000," Lim told VOA. The population of Danville more than doubles when Geisinger — with its 6,200 employees — is fully staffed. Among the workers: 415 internationally trained physicians and 57 foreign-born registered nurses. "Not only is Geisinger trying to recruit (international nurses), many other health systems are," Julene Campion, vice president of human resources at Geisinger, told VOA. "We could probably use another 100 easily (across the Geisinger network), but there aren't enough available." "We've outgrown our ability to supply," added Crystal Muthler, Geisinger's vice president of nursing — a 30-year veteran.  The community's needs, combined with an aging workforce, she says, are ultimately what led Geisinger to reevaluate its staffing model and implement an international nurse initiative in 2018. "We have to look at how we attract people to the area," Muthler said.  According to U.S. Bureau of Labor statistics, health care is projected to be the largest-growing sector of new job creation over the next decade, accounting for more than 1.3 million new jobs, roughly one-third of them for registered nurses. But for those looking to find opportunity in the United States, while helping fill a critical shortage, obstacles remain. Doctors have been impacted by the Trump administration’s travel ban, while some health aides and nursing assistants could be barred from getting a green card. It is unclear whether Trump's new immigration plan, announced on May 16, will help health care staffing. The merit-based system would favor immigrants who fall into broad "high-skill" categories, including "professional and specialized vocations," at the cost of family-based and humanitarian immigrant visas. 'Kindness is my language' Even now, foreign-born health care professionals represent more than their share of the overall U.S. population; 14.7% of nurses and 22.7% of health aides are immigrants, according to NAE, compared to 13.7% of the population as a whole. Thirty-five-year-old Hemoy Drummond, a recent Geisinger hire from Jamaica, has an EB-3 employment-based immigrant visa. She has 13 years of experience as a registered nurse. "I was very nervous. It was a new setting, new expectations," Drummond said. "But when I got here, I realized that people are kind. … I said, 'That's my language.'" Danville, with its lush hillsides and nearby cornfields, reminds her of the sugar cane fields her father harvested in her native Clarkstown, Jamaica. Her community is safe. The mother of two can walk home alone after a late shift. The nursing work is easier in Danville than in a short-staffed Montego Bay hospital. "It's easier to care for four to six (patients at Geisinger) than 18 (in Jamaica)," Drummond said. "I love to talk with (patients) that extra minute." Willing to stay In town, locals generally welcome — or at least tolerate — their new international neighbors.  "They're magnificent!" remarked one woman on Danville's Mill Street. "We'd be stupid not to let them into our country." Two hours southeast of Danville, along the Susquehanna River in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, views are more mixed. A foreign-born doctor described Chambersburg as "where blue meets red."  Yet Chambersburg Hospital, too, has been trying to solve its health care staffing problems with immigrants. In Chambersburg, population 20,878, VOA spoke with 10 foreign-born doctors from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Poland and Hungary. Nine of them expressed a willingness to remain in rural Pennsylvania long term, including Indian physicians affected by a per-country green card backlog that has placed their families' future in limbo.  ​U.S.-born physicians do not want to go to Chambersburg, much less stay, explained Dr. Golam Mostofa, chairman of the department of hospital medicine at Chambersburg Hospital. "Fifty percent of our hospital medicine physicians are foreign graduates," Mostofa said. "If we interview 10 American graduates, maybe one shows up." Dr. Muhammad Khokhar, a gastroenterologist from Lahore, Pakistan, has been in Chambersburg for 16 years. He remains committed to the town, even after his sixth grade daughter's classmates at a Montessori school accused her of making bombs. "(When) you have invested so much in the community, and you have built up relationships with your partners and the practice, it's difficult," Khokhar said.  "I'm here," he added. "This is my retirement place."     from Blogger http://bit.ly/2EFiG3s via IFTTT

[ozonemarketreports-blog]

Global Power Plant Boiler Market Trends and Industry Forecast 2018 - 2023: Ozone Market Reports

Ozone Market Reports projects that the Power Plant Boiler market size will grow from USD 20.48 Billion in 2017 to USD 26.99 Billion by 2023, at an estimated CAGR of 4.7%. The base year considered for the study is 2017, and the market size is projected from 2018 to 2023. Developing countries are going through urbanization and industrialization which has led to increase in power demand. To keep up with the growing demand, governments are investing in the construction of new power plants and are upgrading the existing power plants. Developed countries such as U.K., U.S. and the Netherlands are setting up power plants which use cleaner fuels such as biomass, bio gas, and natural gas thereby adding to power plant boiler demand. The power plant boilers using coal as fuel are estimated to hold major share of the power plant boiler market. The coal based boiler market is primarily driven by Asian countries, namely, China and India which make up for more than 50% of the coal fuel based boilers. Coal can be easily transported through land and sea, making it a popular choice for power plants, especially in countries lacking gas or oil distribution network. Hence, developing countries are expected to witness more demand for coal fuel boilers as compared to developed countries. By Market Players: GE Alstom , Babcock & Wilcox Co. , AMEC Foster Wheeler, Dongfang Electric Corporation Ltd. , Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Sytems Ltd., IHI Corporation, Harbin Electric Company , Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction , Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. , Ansaldo S.P.A., Siemens AG , Thermax Ltd. , , , , , , , ,  By Type Pulverized Coal Tower Boiler , Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler , Others, ,  By Technology Subcritical , Supercritical , Ultra-Supercritical, ,  By Fuel Type Coal Based , Gas Based  , Oil Based , Others ,                   

To Read Complete report visit @ https://www.ozonemarketreports.com/energy-and-power/global-and-regional-power-plant-boiler-market/1902

The prime objective of this report is to help the user understand the market in terms of its definition, segmentation, market potential, influential trends, and the challenges that the market is facing. Deep researches and analysis were done during the preparation of the report. The readers will find this report very helpful in understanding the market in depth. The data and the information regarding the market are taken from reliable sources such as websites, annual reports of the companies, journals, and others and were checked and validated by the industry experts. The facts and data are represented in the report using diagrams, graphs, pie charts, and other pictorial representations.

Points Covered in The Report: The points that are discussed within the report are the major market players that are involved in the market such as manufacturers, raw material suppliers, equipment suppliers, end users, traders, distributors and etc. The complete profile of the companies is mentioned. And the capacity, production, price, revenue, cost, gross, gross margin, sales volume, sales revenue, consumption, growth rate, import, export, supply, future strategies, and the technological developments that they are making are also included within the report. The historical data from 2012 to 2017 and forecast data from 2018 to 2023. The growth factors of the market are discussed in detail wherein the different end users of the market are explained in detail. Data and information by manufacturer, by region, by type, by application and etc, and custom research can be added according to specific requirements.

To Get Request Sample report visit @ https://www.ozonemarketreports.com/sample-request/global-and-regional-power-plant-boiler-market/1902

Key Reasons to Purchase To gain insightful analyses of the market and have comprehensive understanding of the global market and its commercial landscape. Assess the production processes, major issues, and solutions to mitigate the development risk. To understand the most affecting driving and restraining forces in the market and its impact in the global market. Learn about the market strategies that are being adopted by leading respective organizations. To understand the future outlook and prospects for the market. Besides the standard structure reports, we also provide custom research according to specific requirements.

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