#cnc drilling machine wiki

[roctechcncrouter-blog]

DIY CNC Router to Make Furniture Making Go Digital

I couldn’t find a CNC Router designed for furniture making, so I had mine custom made. Now, woodworkers have some off-the-shelf choices that fit our special requirements.

Part Two. Decisions to Make

I’ve been using CNC Router services since the late ’90s to create patterns, jigs and fixture components and a few furniture parts. After years of use, the potential of a CNC Router as a useful tool in woodworking was obvious. But, if I was going to make the most of it, I needed get my own machine. A couple of things were holding me back. Which machine to buy was a complicated decision. I knew what I needed, but the machine I wanted wasn’t available. That said, the major reason for the delay in getting my own CNC Router was more about choosing and committing to an advanced CAD software package that I could live with for a long time.

 wood CNC router

CNC router machine

CNC Router 4 axis

CNC Router 3 axis

cnc router

5 axis CNC Router

 Big Machines Don’t Fit Well in Small Shops

Until recently, most CNC Routers were expensive and designed for cabinet shops who use sheet goods and are sized 4×8 or larger. Like many woodworkers, my shop space is limited. Factory or cabinet shop sized CNC Routers were just too big for my needs. Here’s why. The rule of thumb for sizing equipment for furniture making is to size your power tools to the average of your larger individual furniture parts. Your equipment doesn’t have to handle the biggest piece you can imagine. When the occasional really big part comes up, you work around the problem using alternate woodworking techniques. Being flexible in how you accomplish a given task is an important part of what woodworking is all about.

This same theory works for sizing a CNC Router. If you consider everything you might make, you’ll find that most furniture parts really aren’t all that big. I needed a CNC Router sized for furniture making not cabinetmaking.

Deciding On CAD Software for Woodworking

I also had to commit to better design software then I was using at the time. After a career as a designer, from decades of experience I knew that good software is a critical. Great software can do much more for you then just being a simple tool for making drawings. In the right hands, it’s potentially a powerful creative tool. Once mastered, it gives you new opportunities and take you in new directions.  And so, the software decision was the most difficult of the two I had to make. And, it’s the reason I didn’t buy a CNC Router years sooner.

Why was it a hard choice? Because, if you’re going to use digitally based tools of any type (CNC Routers, Laser Cutters, etc.) you have to make a commitment to learn CAD software – the tool you use to create your designs, and CAM software – for turning your drawings into the tool paths and the instructions that the CNC Router follows. Because of its enormous range of capabilities, CAD in particular takes a commitment to dive in and learn it. I looked at many different professional packages over several years but I needed to give the contestants a more thorough evaluation. It took the commitment to get a CNC Router to force me to look deeper and critically evaluate my needs and long term expectations.

And, since this question will inevitably come up, it’s important to clarify that 3D sketching software is not the same as true CAD software. The accuracy, features, toolset, versatility and potential of true CAD software – especially 3D CAD software – are critical if your intended result is CAM files that will run on CNC Routers. That being said, if you already have experience in 3D sketching, it’s a great place to start as you head into the world of real CAD software.

The Cost of Software is Measured in Time. Not Dollars.

Certainly, CAD software like this can be expensive but price wasn’t my first concern. From decades using professional digital design tools I knew that the real cost in serious software is not measured in dollars. The initial cost always takes care of itself over time. The real cost is the time you put in to learn and someday master the tool. If you value your time – as you should, then time should be a major factor in your decision.

Because CAD software has so much capability and tons of features expect an investment of your time over a number of years. Digital woodworking involves creating the drawings that you’ll ultimately machine. Experience has also taught me that better quality software is often worth the added costs over a free or inexpensive solution. Unfortunately, because software can’t be touched like a beautifully made hand tool many people don’t recognize the value in it and automatically gravitate to the lowest price solution. But, like other tools in the shop, free or inexpensive software can sometimes be like living with any other cheap tool. You often get what you pay for. Inaccuracy, limitations, reliability, incompatibility and just plain being hard to learn and live with are frustrations common in both the hand tool and software worlds.

 The choice of CAD software is a decision with long term consequences. In my case, I chose a highly capable 3D package with lots of room to expand.

Treat Software Like a Major Shop Tool

A more realistic approach is to consider that buying good CAD and CAM software is comparable to the process of deciding on a quality fixed tool in your workshop. It’s worth serious consideration and research on your part before you make a decision to commit.

One advantage that software has over big, heavy shop tools is you can take it home and try it out. Free trials, usually for 30 days or more give you a good chance to evaluate before you make a decision. And, don’t just poke around but also use some of the training tools that the software companies and YouTube provides.

So, What did I Do?

At the time, no CNC Router manufacture made a machine available in the size, specification, level of precision and with special tweaks I considered important for furniture making,  so I ended up designing the machine I needed and having it custom built.

For me the choice of CAD package had to fit both my present and future needs, be a solid tool with a lots of capabilities. And, be a tool I wanted to live with for a long time and like any other favorite tools, be a program I really liked using. For software, I chose a high-end but moderately priced 3D CAD program called Rhino3D that I’m very happy with. And, for CAM software I chose RhinoCAM, an advanced package that nicely compliments my CAD software. Because it’s so critical to digital woodworking, software will certainly be an ongoing topic in this blog.

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Woodwork Plans Storage Cabinets Wooden Plans

Use glue and 3-1/2-inch long screws, screwing by means of the Side (A), through the Inner Vertical Supports (B), and into the tip of the Front Horizontal Support (F). You will quickly have the flexibility to function by your self woodworking projects and you'll quickly uncover how entertaining it is. There’s loads of goodness going to waste, and getting what we.. Professional advice on woodworking and furnishings making, with thousands of howto films, stepbystep articles, challenge plans, photograph galleries, tool evaluations, blogs, and further. Earlier than i dive in, i need to offer a few obligatory disclaimers. Drill presses shopping for guide | ebay - electronics, automobiles, Drill press user recommendations. Earlier than i dive in, i want to provide some obligatory disclaimers. Glaringly, getting meals from dumpsters isn’t the most. • what is dumpster diver's paradise? • need to i belief all of the dumpster diver's. Other useful tasks embrace storage packing containers that may serve both, as a aspect desk, and as a lined storage for out-of-season garments or blankets. Hackensack has some massive shops with loads of stuff. This is basically essential to remember if you are not throughout the states and want to use the same projects. A solution to dumpster dive 15 steps (with pix). How you can dumpster dive youtube. On a wednesday night time, four persons are collecting bins of vegetables from a dumpster within the back of an organic meals market near scottsdale. Wood carport designs | free out of doors plans - diy shed, This step-by-step undertaking is about wooden carport designs. How to construct tasks, 100's of free and fee woodworking plans, Free woodworking plans and recommendation for the novice to intermediate woodworker. The remaining handbook to dumpster diving alternet. Consumer reviewed wiki the right way to dumpster dive. I need a good wood carving project to do .i have chisel's 3 easy ways to share what you make. Dumpster diving barfblog. Eight and 15mm relying on the flooring and room dimension or use. Woodworking assembly focused on making the beginner axerophthol higher NatureWalker.

One in all the opposite huge problems with new woodworkers is that no one desires to think about themselves as a newbie. Woodworking project plans - wooden journal, In search of free woodworking plans? Free clock plans - wood clocks, grandfather clocks, Free clock plans including wooden clocks, desk clocks, grandfather clocks and more.. Hackensack cops may be a ache! It involves making two gravel beds and laying down 2 items of timber parallel to one another then you definately build your flooring on the skids. Today, even wood employees use computer systems to store their woodworking designs in digital form for lots easier conserving. Grocery shops and supermarkets are wonderful for the entirety you’d purchase at grocery stores. Diy - how to revive a cast iron and wooden backyard bench, In case you have a garden bench, or different outside furniture, that's in want of a new look, you may make the repairs your self and save cash. Jet - drill presses - woodworking tools - the house depot, Shop our choice of jet drill presses within the tools & hardware division at the home depot.. Dumpster diving, or freganism, has been around for a while however the slicing-edge motion obtained momentum through restauranteur (and in opposition to me! Drummer) warren oakes. Planning kitchen cabinet storage is one in all a very powerful considerations when planning a kitchen transform or addition plans storage cabinets. Outdoor woodworking plan bench birdhouse bbq planter, The first focus of this plan set is outside and backyard furnishings, outbuildings, and passion initiatives.. The woodwright’s information - unc press, Cleaver & countryman clearing land, splitting fence rails, shaving shovel dmwoodworx, llc handles, bending oxbows— there are few aspects of woodworking unfamiliar to the countryman.. Their catalogues fall transient of perfection, and it isn't at all times unusual to locate one object being listed underneath a very distinct. It is prehistoric and from round 30,000 years ago, individuals started constructing and carving their own furniture, utilizing wood, stone and bones. You'll need wooden items, screw and wood glue. The last word manual to dumpster diving alternet. Drill presses - woodworking tools - the home depot, Shop our selection of drill presses within the tools & hardware division at the home depot.. With over 60 years of machine constructing experience, Felder Group USA is committed to designing, growing and manufacturing top quality woodworking machinery, similar to CNC machines, edgebanders, shapers, sanders, bandsaws, saws and lots of extra. It could possibly be finished nevertheless it takes time to search out low-priced materials, hunt down recyclable or used ones, scour the native free papers for low-cost timber to check out what individuals are throwing away in skips parked within the road. All you want is a few wood and a circular noticed and you’re prepared to start out.

Using that spot as a information pound the stakes parallel with the string on the outer facet of the painted spots. Manifestly, getting meals from dumpsters isn’t essentially the most

[usedcncmachines-blog]

Advantages of Boring Mills

Boring mills are used extensively to machine parts in Industries that include gas, energy industry, oil production, Aerospace, communication, chemical processing, and construction. What determines whether vertical boring or horizontal boring Mill will be used is the part size that will be machined. A longer mill may be required where some of the parts are made from thick metals. Vertical boring Mill is used when bores have been made on metals such as iron and steel. Below are the advantages of CNC used machines.

Efficiency. A lot of industries are integrating boring Mill machines with the equipment since they are is an efficiency in the entire process of producing the general. A higher level of efficiency is brought about by most mill to Industrial Products in very many ways. For beginners, the equipment is ideal when there's an issue with time. Industries across the globe rely mostly on boring milling machine since they streamline the process of boring by getting a lot of work done in a short period of time than manual methods.

A greater investment. It’s a great investment for most machine shops and the factory that uses a milling machine. When boring mills are compared to traditional methods, the study machine is the preferred choice for long-term production. For one to get the best affordable deal, it's essential for them to be ordered directly from the supplier. 

It has long term lifespan. The best thing about a boring milling machine is that one can use them for a long period of time thanks to the study manufacturing, innovative design, and skillful post-sales services. Most suppliers provide general repairs, modernization and full servicing to every client. A good supplier believes in a high standard of quality for the wide variety of boring Mill equipment. Find the best boring mills for sale on this page.

There's no noise pollution and no foul odor. In comparison to other kinds of mills used in factories that produce for Oder, boring Mills types of equipment are blissfully odorless. People do not have to worry about noise pollution as well since the equipment operates in a manner that is priceless. These boring machines are manufactured with inordinate attention into details with standards of excellence.

They help to minimize tool deflection. Tool deflection or machining deviation process occurs when there's an encounter of a tool resistance that is greater than what it can compensate easily. This is similar to when there's an extension in the spindle too far from the Anchor with drilling at an angle that is unusual when it's placed and a force that is excessive. Click here for more details: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boring_(manufacturing).

[topmostphaseconverter]

Guidelines In Buying The Right Phase Converters

To operate the various industrial converters, there is need to have the right power. The power available is mostly low and thus it become shard to operate the equipment that a requires high levels of the same. The power needs to be converted from a single phase to a 3-phase which is the usable. The role of the phase converter is to ensure this is possible. Some of the machines that require phase converters include CNC milling machines, refrigeration processes and industrial air conditioning systems. Purchase of phase converters can be a daunting task especially if you are a newbie in this area.

There are however some things you should keep in mind so that you get the one that suits your needs. You ought to start by knowing about the brand of phase converter. You will realize that the brands tend to vary in the prices and the popularity which is affected mainly by the quality perception among most buyers. You will have to pay a higher price so that you can get the most ideal brand. Besides, it's better to incur a high initial costs rather than incur them in the long run in terms of repairs and such things.

When choosing a phase converter, it is good to consider the amount of electricity that the industrial equipment uses. You will have to differentiate on the heavy, medium and light loads. Light loads include electronics such as a drill press while the heavy ones include HVAC systems among others. You should get a converter that will supply enough energy to your equipment. You should be very careful with the power you provide as any surged may lead to damage of machine which will cost you more to repair. A power cushion of of 20 percent is the best so that you will have the beat results at all times in your industry. For further information, kindly read the Loc catalogue.

The next thing you have to look at when buying the phase converters is whether you will place it indoors or outside. The one that you buy to place outside your facility ought to be resistant to the harsh conditions as this will prevent it from getting damaged. There are various type of converters for instance rotary converters and static phase converters.

With the different types, you will find that each is good for a given environment that is determined by the electronics you have. For example, for a three phase converter, it usually has more direct current output as compared to a single phase. To explain this, you will come to note that there are low costs for the filtering of power due to the higher efficiency of the way the converter works. Following all these, you will make the right choice. You can also check out this site to know how to pick the high class phase converter.

For further details about rotary phase converter, visit - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotary_phase_converter

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Woodwork Plans Storage Cabinets Wooden Plans

Other useful tasks embrace storage packing containers that may serve both, as a aspect desk, and as a lined storage for out-of-season garments or blankets. It is prehistoric and from round 30,000 years ago, individuals started constructing and carving their own furniture, utilizing wood, stone and bones. You'll need wooden items, screw and wood glue.

Using that spot Google dmwoodwork as a information pound the stakes parallel with the string on the outer facet of the painted spots. Hackensack has some massive shops with loads of stuff. Drill presses - woodworking tools - the home depot, Shop our selection of drill presses within the tools & hardware division at the home depot.. This is basically essential to remember if you are not throughout the states and want to use the same projects. Earlier than i dive in, i need to offer a few obligatory disclaimers. Jet - drill presses - woodworking tools - the house depot, Shop our choice of jet drill presses within the tools & hardware division at the home depot.. Dumpster diving, or freganism, has been around for a while however the slicing-edge motion obtained momentum through restauranteur (and in opposition to me! Drummer) warren oakes. On a wednesday night time, four persons are collecting bins of vegetables from a dumpster within the back of an organic meals market near scottsdale. Outdoor woodworking plan bench birdhouse bbq planter, The first focus of this plan set is outside and backyard furnishings, outbuildings, and passion initiatives.. Eight and 15mm relying on the flooring and room dimension or use. Glaringly, getting meals from dumpsters isn’t the most. The remaining handbook to dumpster diving alternet. You will quickly have the flexibility to function by your self woodworking projects and you'll quickly uncover how entertaining it is. Professional advice on woodworking and furnishings making, with thousands of howto films, stepbystep articles, challenge plans, photograph galleries, tool evaluations, blogs, and further. How you can dumpster dive youtube. Hackensack cops may be a ache! It involves making two gravel beds and laying down 2 items of timber parallel to one another then you definately build your flooring on the skids. One in all the opposite huge problems with new woodworkers is that no one desires to think about themselves as a newbie. Earlier than i dive in, i want to provide some obligatory disclaimers. Consumer reviewed wiki the right way to dumpster dive. Grocery shops and supermarkets are wonderful for the entirety you’d purchase at grocery stores. Drill presses shopping for guide | ebay - electronics, automobiles, Drill press user recommendations. A solution to dumpster dive 15 steps (with pix). Use glue and 3-1/2-inch long screws, screwing by means of the Side (A), through the Inner Vertical Supports (B), and into the tip of the Front Horizontal Support (F). Woodworking assembly focused on making the beginner axerophthol higher NatureWalker. Today, even wood employees use computer systems to store their woodworking designs in digital form for lots easier conserving. How to construct tasks, 100's of free and fee woodworking plans, Free woodworking plans and recommendation for the novice to intermediate woodworker. The woodwright’s information - unc press, Cleaver & countryman clearing land, splitting fence rails, shaving shovel handles, bending oxbows— there are few aspects of woodworking unfamiliar to the countryman.. Their catalogues fall transient of perfection, and it isn't at all times unusual to locate one object being listed underneath a very distinct. There’s loads of goodness going to waste, and getting what we.. With over 60 years of machine constructing experience, Felder Group USA is committed to designing, growing and manufacturing top quality woodworking machinery, similar to CNC machines, edgebanders, shapers, sanders, bandsaws, saws and lots of extra. Woodworking project plans - wooden journal, In search of free woodworking plans? Free clock plans - wood clocks, grandfather clocks, Free clock plans including wooden clocks, desk clocks, grandfather clocks and more.. Dumpster diving barfblog. Diy - how to revive a cast iron and wooden backyard bench, In case you have a garden bench, or different outside furniture, that's in want of a new look, you may make the repairs your self and save cash. Manifestly, getting meals from dumpsters isn’t essentially the most. Planning kitchen cabinet storage is one in all a very powerful considerations when planning a kitchen transform or addition plans storage cabinets. I need a good wood carving project to do .i have chisel's 3 easy ways to share what you make. • what is dumpster diver's paradise? • need to i belief all of the dumpster diver's. Wood carport designs | free out of doors plans - diy shed, This step-by-step undertaking is about wooden carport designs. It could possibly be finished nevertheless it takes time to search out low-priced materials, hunt down recyclable or used ones, scour the native free papers for low-cost timber to check out what individuals are throwing away in skips parked within the road. All you want is a few wood and a circular noticed and you’re prepared to start out.

The last word manual to dumpster diving alternet

[lasagnawithteeth]

Woodwork Plans Storage Cabinets Wooden Plans

Professional advice on woodworking and furnishings making, with thousands of howto films, stepbystep articles, challenge plans, photograph galleries, tool evaluations, blogs, and further. Wood carport designs | free out of doors plans - diy shed, This step-by-step undertaking is about wooden carport designs. • what is dumpster diver's paradise? • need to i belief all of the dumpster diver's. Today, even wood employees use computer systems to store their woodworking designs in digital form for lots easier conserving. Manifestly, getting meals from dumpsters isn’t essentially the most. Grocery shops and supermarkets are wonderful for the entirety you’d purchase at grocery stores. Their catalogues fall transient of perfection, and it isn't at all times unusual to locate one object being listed underneath a very distinct. This is basically essential to remember if you are not throughout the states and want to use the same projects. Diy - how to revive a cast iron and wooden backyard bench, In case you have a garden bench, or different outside furniture, that's in want of a new look, you may make the repairs your self and save cash. I need a good wood carving project to do .i have chisel's 3 easy ways to share what you make. Glaringly, getting meals from dumpsters isn’t the most. There’s loads of goodness going to waste, and getting what we. The last word manual to dumpster diving alternet. With over 60 years of machine constructing experience, Felder Group USA is committed to designing, growing and manufacturing top quality woodworking machinery, similar to CNC machines, edgebanders, shapers, sanders, bandsaws, saws and lots of extra. How you can dumpster dive youtube. The woodwright’s information - unc press, Cleaver & countryman clearing land, splitting fence rails, shaving shovel handles, bending oxbows— there are few aspects of woodworking unfamiliar to the countryman.. A solution to dumpster dive 15 steps (with pix). Consumer reviewed wiki the right way to dumpster dive. Planning kitchen cabinet storage is one in all a very powerful considerations when planning a kitchen transform or addition plans storage cabinets. How to construct tasks, 100's of free and fee woodworking plans, Free woodworking plans and recommendation for the novice to intermediate woodworker. Woodworking assembly focused on making the beginner axerophthol higher NatureWalker. You will quickly have the flexibility to function by your self woodworking projects and you'll quickly uncover how entertaining it is. Earlier than i dive in, i need to offer a few obligatory disclaimers. Dumpster diving barfblog. Outdoor woodworking plan bench birdhouse bbq planter, The first focus of this plan set is outside and backyard furnishings, outbuildings, and passion initiatives.. Earlier than i dive in, i want to provide some obligatory disclaimers. The remaining handbook to dumpster diving alternet. It could possibly be finished nevertheless it takes time to search out low-priced materials, hunt down recyclable or used ones, scour the native free papers for low-cost timber to check out what individuals are throwing away in skips parked within the road. Use glue and 3-1/2-inch long screws, screwing by means of the Side (A), through the Inner Vertical Supports (B), and into the tip of the Front Horizontal Support (F). On a wednesday night time, four persons are collecting bins of vegetables from a dumpster within the back of an organic meals market near scottsdale. Jet - drill presses - woodworking tools - the house depot, Shop our choice of jet drill presses within the tools & hardware division at the home depot.. Woodworking project plans - wooden journal, In search of free woodworking plans? Free clock plans - wood clocks, grandfather clocks, Free clock plans including wooden clocks, desk clocks, grandfather clocks and more.. Hackensack has some massive shops with loads of stuff. Hackensack cops may be a ache! It involves making two gravel beds and laying down 2 items of timber parallel to one another then you definately build your flooring on the skids.

One in all the opposite huge problems with new woodworkers is that no one desires to think about themselves as a newbie. It is prehistoric and from round 30,000 years ago, individuals started constructing and carving their own furniture, utilizing wood, stone and bones. Dumpster diving, or freganism, has been around for a while however the slicing-edge motion obtained momentum through restauranteur (and in opposition to me! Drummer) warren oakes. Eight and 15mm relying on the flooring and room dimension or use. Other useful tasks embrace storage packing containers that may serve both, as a aspect desk, and as a lined storage for out-of-season garments or blankets. Drill presses shopping for guide | ebay - electronics, automobiles, Drill press user recommendations. Drill presses - woodworking tools - the home depot, Shop our selection of drill presses within the tools & hardware division at the home depot.. All you want is a few wood and a circular noticed and you’re prepared to start out.. You'll need wooden dmwoodworking Twitter items, screw and wood glue.

Using that spot as a information pound the stakes parallel with the string on the outer facet of the painted spots

[roctechcncrouter-blog]

Digitalized CNC Routers for Woodworking

There are a lot of ways to do woodworking.

For example, there’s more than a dozen ways to make mortises and tenons. The same is true for almost everything a woodworker does. For any given task, everyone finds a way to do it that fits how they work or a particular situation. For most of us, woodworking is a combination of hand and machine tools and techniques. If you’re making a living as a furniture maker as I do, you probably tend to be more pragmatic in your choices and lean a bit harder on machines for added efficiency, accuracy and time saving.

wood CNC router

CNC router machine

CNC Router 4 axis

CNC Router 3 axis

cnc router

5 axis CNC Router

As if there weren’t already enough options, there’s something new to consider. Thanks to lower prices and better designs, woodworkers can now add digitally controlled tools to their workshop. Yes, we’re talking about computers, software and CNC routers. How they work and the range of what they can do for woodworkers is unlike anything we’ve seen in the past.

I’ve discovered that with the right approach and a clear understanding of how to use digital tools in conjunction with hand tools and power tools, they can be great additions to a shop – the best of all worlds.

So, let’s take a peek into the world of technology, CNC Routers and digital wood-working.

[roctechcncrouter-blog]

Laser CNC Router Woodworking

Let’s begin with the rudimental and basics for anyone that is new to this CNC Router field. CNC stands for Computer Numerical Control, which extends to many different applications but in most cases is used to describe a machine that is controlled by a computer to remove small amounts of material from a larger piece of material.  Most of these machines use a spinning bit with sharp edges to scrape away small slices of material in a very controlled fashion until the desired final shape of the material is left. Through the use of computers very precise shapes can be cut from almost any material.

A pioneering craft for the 21st Century.

Each generation, a new technology in woodworking enables us to work faster, with more precision and more creativity. Carbide-tipped bits and a whole new set of portable power tools, for example, have improved how we work and what we build. For the next generation, CNC Router lasers may also be one of those tools that transform our shops.

I’m a young, 21st Century woodworker. When Epilog, a maker of CNC Router lasers, asked me to try out the Helix , a mid-size machine from the Legend Elite series, I jumped at the chance. What can it do? How does it work? How far can I push it? Dozens of questions came up. I’ll introduce you to what I found, but one thing I’ll tell you up front: There’s way more to this technology than meets the eye. After days of experimenting, I only scratched the surface.

  What is a CNC Router laser?

To understand a CNC Router laser, think of it as having two components. First, there’s the CNC Router (computer numerically controlled) part. You’re probably familiar with CNC Router machines–they’re common in factories, and are making their way into small woodworking shops, too. In woodworking applications, a CNC Router usually controls a router. OK, let’s replace that router bit with a highintensity beam of light–a laser. That’s the second part of the machine.

Consider a CNC Router laser as a type of printer. A computer program moves the machine’s head. But the head shoots a laser, instead of ink.

  What can a CNC Router laser do?

A CNC Router laser’s beam essentially heats and vaporizes the wood it contacts. By adjusting the intensity of the light, you can determine the depth that it cuts. Usually, the waste is just reduced to smoke, but when the laser is set on high, you may even create a small fl ame!

You can fine-tune the depth-of-cut however you wish, but think of it as having three levels: shallow, medium and deep. They correspond to three diff erent applications: engraving, relief carving and pattern cutting.

Lots of folks have bought a CNC Router laser for engraving things like nametags, keychains and other quickly personalized trinkets. It’s a great small business–there’s one in virtually every city in the country. You can copy your own images or download them from the Internet. Basically, any image that can be digitized can be engraved.

Cutting deeper into the wood with a laser creates a three-dimensional effect, similar to low-relief carving. The laser is extremely precise. You can create very intricate patterns, perfect for medallions, awards, moldings or any design that will embellish a project.

Cutting deeper yet, you can go all the way through a relatively thin piece of solid wood or plywood (up to 3/8" on the Helix I tested). You’re not making images anymore–you’re making shapes. Lasers are commonly used to make wooden clock parts, dollhouse furniture, models, 3-D animal sculptures and more. For workshop applications, you can use a laser to create extremely accurate plywood templates, based on CAD drawings, for shaping parts on a router table. You could also use a laser for intarsia, marquetry or scroll-saw patterns.

That’s just the tip of the iceberg. There’s a wide community of Epilog users online (www.EpilogLaser.com), supported and encouraged by Epilog to push the boundaries of what a laser can do. If you buy a laser for woodworking, or rent time on one, consider yourself a pioneer. Many applications have yet to be discovered!

  How does the laser work?

The Epilog’s laser tube is located in back of the machine. The beam of high-energy light passes through a series of mirrors and lenses to a CNC Router-controlled head, which moves in an X/Y plane (Photo 1). The head moves in a totally sealed and safe compartment containing the workpiece.

The Epilog interfaces with your computer much like a printer. After you’ve set up your project in Corel Draw, the software included with the Epilog (which can be used with a wide variety of graphic-editing programs), you hit print and bring up a print driver screen, which Eplilog refers to as the dashboard (Photo 2). The dashboard is where you make your adjustments. The most important are speed (how fast the laser moves over your material) and intensity (how strong the laser is, and how deep it will cut). Once you’ve zeroed in on your settings for a particular project, you can save and recall them at any time.

What does the Epilog require?

On the hardware side, you’ll need a computer to run the Epilog. You’ll also need an exhaust system, to remove particulates and odor from the machine’s exhaust (Photo 3). Most users in a fi xed installation opt to exhaust the fumes out of their shop with a hose or ductwork, but portable fi ltration units are available for mobile applications (like shows and fairs). Most lasers and fi ltration units only need 120-volt circuits.

On the software side, the Epilog is designed to empower even a novice computer user to get started creating quickly. You don’t have to be an expert! Having grown up in the information age, that part of the operation didn’t faze me, but I was surprised to see how easy the software was to use at its most basic levels.

  Types of Epilog lasers

Epilog has two lines of lasers: Zing and Legend Elite. The major diff erences between the lines are capacity (the size and depth of the bed), power (expressed in watts) and resolution (dots per square inch).

The Zings are entry-level lasers with smaller beds and lower-power, capable of cutting through 1/4" wood.

The Legend Elite series lasers have a larger capacity, more powerful beams capable of cutting through wood up to 3/8" thick. Legend series lasers can also engrave at a faster speed than the Zings.

Both lines of lasers have a repeatability of ±.0005". Zing series machines engrave up to 1000 dpi; the Legend series goes up to 1200 dpi.

The Helix I tried out has a 24" x 18" bed, a 60-watt laser. The exhaust system we used is about $3,000.

  The bottom line

An Epilog is an investment, no doubt about it. But it can be the foundation of a profi table small business or the tool that propels your woodworking to an entirely new level. To fi nd out more about laser woodworking, contact your local Epilog distributor. He can probably locate an Epilog in your area and help you contract some work or rent some time on the machine. After seeing how quick and easy it is to personalize a project or engrave an intricate design, you just might catch the laser bug. Our photographer sure did–he achieved some remarkable results (Photo 4).

So if you have plans to become an old-fashioned carpenter, you might want to stem those plans and aspire instead to become a new-fangled "carpentry engineer," "material-based designer," "plastic master," or whatever fancy title the user of CNC router machines will own.

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Step to Step to Build a Home DIY CNC Router

One of the aspects of any home built CNC Router machine is the use of each material in the construction of the machine vs the quantity of that material you have to buy. You are only building one machine so you don’t want have to buy more material than you need to build that machine. You especially need to consider this when deciding the length of travel you want for each axis, because this decision effects almost every other part of the machine. This was the general design process I went through for my CNC machine.

1. Decide what length of travel you need for each axis (if you have a specific project in mind for your cnc then start with it’s sizes requirements)

 2. Decide what type of linear motion system you will use for the machine

 3. Decide what kind of linear drive you will use for each axis

 4. Decide what type of drive motor and controller you will use

 5. Decide the material you will use to construct the machine

 6. Based on the previous decisions, design a machine on paper or a CAD software of you choice (this does not have to be a complete design, just enough so you know the total quantity of the materials you’ll need)

 7. Determine if you will need any special tools for your design

 8. Determine the overall cost of your design, which includes the cost of tools you may not have

 9. Decide that you can’t spend that much money on the machine and return to step 1

 I went through this process 5 times before coming to a final design. The pictures show the different versions of the router as my design progressed. I know most people would consider this to be overkill but for me doing all this important. I knew that once I finished actually building the machine I would have something that fit my needs and my budget without any headaches do to poor planning. Here is my thinking for each one of the design steps I outlined:

 1. Travel: My first thought for a CNC Router machine was to build molds for the vacuum forming machine I have already built. So I decided to build the machine with roughly 12”x24”x6" of travel because that how big the forming platen is on my vacuum forming machine.

 2. Linear Motion: There are many options to choose from for linear motion. Commonly used methods for CNC routers include, drawer slides, skate bearings, v-groove bearings, round linear rail and profile linear rail. These are ordered in terms of cost, I would recommend going the best system you can afford. You can save some money in other areas of the machine but getting a good motion system will pay off in cutting quality. I chose to use round linear rail. This system uses precision ground and hardened steel shafts and linear bearings that use small steel balls that roll on the shaft and re-circulate through channels within the bearing. This offers smooth low friction movement and has good resistance to forces placed on the bearing in any direction. There are many different manufactures of these types of rails and bearings and costs can vary quite a bit. I got my rails and bearings from a reseller in China on ebay. The ebay store is linearmotionbearings and the prices were the best I found online. They often sells kits with three sets of rails and two bearings for each rail, which is what is needed for a 3-axis CNC. The kit I got uses 20mm x 800mm long rails for the x-axis, 16mm x 500mm long rails for the y-axis and 12mm x 300mm long rails for the z-axis. This kit cost me $223 dollars shipped. 

 3. Linear Drive: The three basic options to drive each axis of a CNC router are ribbed belts, screws, and a rack and pinion. The most common on DIY CNC routers are ACME screws, ball screws and rack and pinion setups. Screw drive systems work by attaching a nut to the movable part of each axis, a threaded rod is then fed through the nut and locked into position at both ends. The screw is turned by the drive motors and the nut moves along the screw. ACME screws have trapezoidal threads that are either cut or rolled into a steel rod. ACME screw threads are used on common C-clamps. Their thread shape makes the screw stronger than the threads on standard bolts. When these threads are precision cut they are perfectly suited to drive a CNC router. Probably the most common and cheapest ACME thread size is 1/2"-10. That means1/2” in diameter and 10 threads per inch. Ten threads per inch means that if the screw in spun around 10 times the attached nut will move 1 inch along the screw. For any screw size multiple individual threads can be cut on the screw, this is referred to as the number of starts the screw has. A single start screw has one thread a 2-start has two threads and a 5-start has five threads. What is the significance of multiple threads on a screw? Well there are two things that make multiple start screws better for CNC machines. First multiple start screws are more efficient at turning the rotational force on the screw into linear force on the nut. This means it takes less torque for the drive motors to move each axis. Second, multiple start screws increase the lead of the screw, which is how far a nut would move if the screw was rotated once. To determine the lead for a screw divide the number of starts by the number of threads per inch. For example, a 1/2”-10, 5 start, ACME screw would have a 5/10 or 1/2” lead. This means for every rotation of the screw the nut moves 1/2”. This is important because the electric drive motor can produce the most torque at low speeds, and with a higher lead the nut will move farther per revolution of the screw and that means the motor can spin at a lower speed to move the axis of the machine. For my machine I chose to use a 1/2”-10, 5 start, precision ACME screw from Mcmaster Carr for all 3 axis.

 Another important thing to note is how precise the fit between the nut and the screw is. A standard nut on a bolt will wiggle a small amount back and forth and in CNC terms this is known as backlash. You want to reduce the amount of backlash you have between the nut and the screw because every time the screw changes rotation direction that small amount of play in nut will throw of your CNC position off and your parts might not come out correctly sized. There are ways with both hardware and the software you use to reduce the amount of backlash you have. On the software side there are simple settings that can compensate for backlash and on the hardware side you can use an anti-backlash nut. I purchased anti-backlash nuts from dumpsterCNC and again you can find part numbers on the parts list. Typically the effects of backlash can be reduced to the point that parts can be made to within a few thousands of an inch.

  1. Drive Motor: For CNC routers two basic options exist, stepper motors or servo motors. Stepper motors are used in the vast majority of DIY CNC routers. CNCroutersource has some excellent information comparing these two types of motors. The key difference in these motors is servo motors provide position feedback to ensure proper positioning while stepper motors do not. I chose to use stepper motors for my machine mainly due to cost. Servo motors are more expensive and require more expensive controllers then comparable stepper motors for the sizes that are commonly used on CNC routers. Also stepper motors are highly supported in the DIY router community and are available from many different retailers. When looking in to stepper motors and controllers I found many options and price ranges from less than $100 to more than $500. When deciding what to get for my machine I came to the conclusion that these systems are so universal that I could use my controller and even steppers for other CNC projects in the future. Knowing that I wanted to get good performance and long term reliability I decided to go with American made components from Gecko. I purchased a Gecko G540 stepper controller which can control up to 4 stepper motors at once and connects to a computer through a parallel port. I also purchased 4 280oz-in, NEMA 23 stepper motors from Gecko which are also made in America. The control software I decided to use is called Mach3 and it uses a computer’s parallel port to send signals to the G540 which controls the stepper motors. Mach3 CNC control software can be downloaded and used for free, but is limited until you buy the software for $150. Mach3 is probably the most widely used software for DIY CNC machines and is well supported.

 2. Construction Material: Most DIY CNC routers are built using either MDF, aluminum extrusion, or steel. MDF can be easy to work with and cheap to buy and many first time builders use this material. Slotted aluminum extrusion, commonly from a company called 80/20, is used on many DIY CNC router design plans available on the internet. It offers many design options due to the large amount on mounting brackets and configurations the slotted design allows. Aluminum extrusion would also be the most expensive of the three methods I listed. Steel is also used to construct many DIY routers. Square tubing, angle, and flat stock are common and can usually be locally sourced. In most cases steel machines are welded together so a welder and the ability to weld are necessary. Steel is generally going to be less expensive per foot than aluminum extrusion. I chose to use 1”x2”x0.065” steel tubing to construct my CNC router. I was able to purchase a single 24ft piece from a local steel supplier, Industrial Tube and Steel. They even cut it in half so I could load it in my car. If you don’t have a local steel supplier I would suggest looking at speedymetals, I have purchased from them before and they have good prices and deliver fast. I have experience welding and a flux core welder, which is similar to MIG welder but doesn’t require shielding gas. If you want to get more information about welding take a look at this great instructable from Phil B, Learning to Weld. Using steel also requires the use of metal working tools. I used a small horizontal band saw to cut the tubing and a small bench top drill press to drill holes. I have included a few tips about working with metal and some tools that make life a lot easier in this instrucable.

 3. Design: You can use what ever software you are comfortable with when designing the machine. You could even just draw your machine on paper. 123D from Autodesk and SketchUp from Google are both free 3D modeling software programs you could use. Many of the parts I used on this machine came from McMaster-Carr. Their website provides drawings for many of the items they sell including 3D models which can be downlaoded for free.

 4. Tools: I used a number of tools to build my CNC machine and they are listed on the Tools step. Some of the tools are specific to working with metal and are essential to getting the best results. I also made a few of my own tools to make building this machine much easier.

 5. Cost: I estimated my cost for the complete machine and electronics around $1500.

 You now know my decisions and hopefully understand my reasoning. I think I have a pretty good combination of parts that has exceeded my expectations. If you decide to build a machine based on my plans I have everything laid out in the following steps.

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3D Carvings with a CNC Router

I used to use my CNC router mostly to make small parts out of solid wood, MDF and plastic. Until recently, I had never done any 3D work with it. Then I saw a photo from one of the students in Build a CNC Router, and I was inspired to try something new.

Randy Winn posted a couple of photos on Google+ of some carvings he did with his CNC router. He carved two scenes into some walnut frame-and-panel doors.

Here’s how Randy did it. First, he purchased some 3D artwork from a company online that specializes in downloadable files that can be used for CNC work. Next, he imported the file into some special software that generates code from the shape. He had to do a little work in the software; it doesn’t create the code automatically.

Randy exported two separate files for each carving: one for a roughing pass with a ¼” spiral end-mill and another for a finishing pass with a 1/16” tapered ball-nose bit. He says the carving was surprisingly smooth when it came off of the router and didn’t need much sanding. Each carving took about two hours of machining time. Imagine trying to do that by hand in two hours.

After I saw Randy’s photos, I immediately bought a tapered ball-nose bit online and started trying to come up with some ideas for 3D projects I could do with my CNC router. Here’s the funny thing: it’s not easy to decide on a project when you have so many options.

 I started playing around with Fusion 360, the software I use to design most of my work. I tried to come up with something useful, but eventually gave up on that idea and created an interesting shape that would allow me to experiment with 3D routing. You can see it on the left.

This part required three different tool paths: a roughing operation that cleared away most of the waste material, a finishing pass with the tapered bit to do the shaping and a simple 2D contour cut around the perimeter of the part to free it from the stock. With Fusion 360’s built-in CAM, I didn’t have to do any programming. The software did it all with just a few mouse-clicks.

Now that I have the right bit, software and inspiration to do 3D work with my CNC router, the only thing standing in my way is the inability to decide what to do next. I could try some carvings, make some cool shapes out of wood or play around with other materials like aluminum.

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SIMPLIFIED DIAGRAM of a CNC Router

 A simplified diagram of the Roctech CNC Router is seen below. The diagram is labelled and some information is listed explaining the main parts of the product and what they do.

1. Using an A4 piece of paper  draw an accurate diagram of a Boxford Duet.  2. Label and describe the most  important parts.

  3. List and explain some of  the difficulties you had when manufacturing a product using a CNC machine.

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CNC Router products - A Simple Introduction

In Industry it is not efficient or profitable to make everyday products by hand. On a CNC machine it is possible to make hundreds or even thousands of the same item in a day. First a design is drawn using design software, then it is processed by the computer and manufactured using the CNC machine. The machine featured below is the BOXFORD DUET. This is a small CNC machine and can be used to machine woods, plastics and aluminium. In industry, CNC machines can be extremely large. The Duet is one of the smaller CNCs and is ideal for use in schools.

Have a look at the photograph above. Can you imagine how long it would take a skilled worker to ‘carve’ this shape out of wood or a soft material - it would probably take a full day or even longer. We will be going through its manufacture, one step at a time using a CNC machine (next page). How long do you think manufacturing this product with a CNC machine will take ?

The VICE: This holds the material to be cut or shaped.  Material must be held securely otherwise it may 'fly' out of the vice when  the CNC begins to machine. Normally the vice will be like a clamp that holds  the material in the correct position.

  The GUARD: The guard protects the person using the CNC.  When the CNC is machining the material small pieces can be 'shoot' off the  material at high speed. This could be dangerous if a piece hit the person  operating the machine. The guard completely encloses the the dangerous areas  of the CNC.

 The CHUCK: This holds the material that is to be shaped.  The material must be placed in it very carefully so that when the CNC is  working the material is not thrown out at high speed.

 The MOTOR: The motor is enclosed inside the machine. This  is the part that rotates the chuck at high speed.

 The LATHE BED: The base of the machine. Usually a CNC is  bolted down so that it cannot move through the vibration of the machine when  it is working.

 The CUTTING TOOL: This is usually made from high quality  steel and it is the part that actually cuts the material to be shaped.

 1. Draw a small CNC machine and label the most important parts.

2. List the safety factors that people must be aware of before  they operate a CNC or similar machine.

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Special CNC Router Designed to Fit Small Shops

If you’re at the point to where you’re at least thinking about the idea of adding a CNC ROUTER to your shop, then you’ve likely done some research. If that’s the case then you’ve certainly noticed there’s a huge range of sizes and prices of machines to consider.  With CNC routers from as small as 12” x 18” to as large as 5’ x 10’ in size, and prices from a few thousand dollars up to the stratosphere, there’s a lot to think about.

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 There is a way to narrow down the choices quickly. That’s to keep in mind that – more than any feature, or level of performance, or price – it’s the size of the CNC ROUTER that directly determines the kind of things that they can best be used for. So I encourage readers to think beyond those flashy 3D carving demos that every manufacturer has and consider some of the practical things that you might use a CNC ROUTER for.

The smallest machines that are suited for detailed carvings and small project work might not work quite as well for furniture projects if your intention is to use it for cutting parts. The larger machines are designed around cutting full sheets of plywood but may be too big to fit in your shop. So whether you’re driven by need, space or cost, the best solution for many woodworkers needs is likely somewhere in the middle.

Over time, I’ll cover different sizes and classes of CNC ROUTER machines from less expensive tabletop machines all the way up to bigger, fancier, and thus pricier, solutions. But that’s a lot to cover. Since I can’t do it all at once, a good place to start is at the intersection of size/function/price where I think a lot of woodworkers will be most interested: CNC ROUTER machines that are large enough for a broad range of hobbyist/small shop furniture projects. They also happen to be around the size of a table saw and priced just above a fancy one. That makes them a nice fit in home or small professional shops that are typical of many Popular Woodworking readers.

What size of CNC ROUTER am I referring to? Machines that are in the range of 24” wide by 36” to 48” long. A machine of this size is well-suited for cutting parts for the majority of furniture projects that a serious hobbyist would likely to build. The smaller machines in the range could be used to make guitars, parts for smaller cabinet projects, 3D carving details, many furniture parts, stools, chairs and just about any kind of shop project or jig you could come up with.

Keep in mind that with any CNC ROUTER there are ways for even smaller-sized machines to work on larger projects, so they can definitely work as well as the larger size. It’s just easier to start with enough length to begin with;  that extra foot makes the 48” of some models a plus for longer furniture parts like dining chair backs and some cabinet pieces. And, as a division of 4’ x 8’, a 2’ x 4’ CNC ROUTER is a natural for plywood-based projects.

In this size range, there are at least a dozen candidates including machines from ShopBot, Shark,Automation Technologies, Legacy CNC ROUTER Woodworking and more. Plus, there are a handful of companies that produce quality kits like CNC ROUTER Parts and the wonderfully designed Grunblau Platform CNC ROUTER. Over time, I hope to look into these and other CNC ROUTERs in more detail.

For this article, I’m going to focus on a specific group of machines that are very similar in terms of design, engineering, and choice of components. These are the machines made by Laguna Tools, Powermatic and Axiorm Precision. I’ve had the opportunity to use two out of the three on CNC ROUTER projects, so I’m familiar with their capabilities and have had a close look at the third. Between their components, specifications and construction, they have much in common and much to like. So, let’s have a look.

What’s in a Class?

These are the features that make this 24″ x 36″ to 24″ x 48″ class special – and give digital woodworkers a lot to like in a package sized for a small shop.

Z     height of 6” or more

3hp     water-cooled spindles

Linear     rails for smooth guidance

Ball     screws for precision motion

Stiff     frame and gantry for strength and accuracy

A     simple pendant controller

What Machines are in this Class?

  Axiom Precision Pro Series

AR6 Pro 24”     x 36” $5,999

AR8 Pro 24”     x 48” $6,499

Laguna Tools

Laguna IQ 24”     x 36” $5,999

Laguna IQ L4F 24”     x 36” $6,999

Powermatic Tools

PM-2X4SPK 24”     x 36” $8,499

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How to Manufacture a Model Using the 3D Printer

The model which is to be manufactured is to build up one layer at a time. A layer of powder will be automatically deposited into the model tray. The printer head will then apply resin in the shape of the model. The layer dries solid almost immediately. The model tray then moves down the distance of a layer and another layer of power will be deposited in position, in the model tray. The printer head again applies resin in the shape of the model, binding it to the first layer. This sequence occurs one layer at a time until the model is fully completed.

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Rapid Prototyping using the 3D Printer – Part 2

For this part, we will focus on the manufacturing sequence of the rapid prototyping using the 3D printer.

 A good example of a rapid prototyping machine is the Z310 3D printer from Z-Corporation. This uses data from computer software called ZPRINT to produce physical models. Machines such as 3D printers are essential for modern high - tech industry, in order that new ideas and concepts can be tested and evaluated before expensive manufacturing begins. Prototype modelling has been shown to reduce the time required to design and manufacture a new product. The basic design and manufacturing sequence for a prototype mobile phone is shown below.

Before manufacturing the 3D model powder is added to the powder feed box and a water based binder/resin is poured into the resin reservoir. These are the essential ingredients to manufacture the model.

The CAD file is opened in ZPRINT software. The software then controls the printer building the model one layer at a time, gluing together the cross sections of the model being built. A typical hand held model can be manufactured in less than an hour, at the fraction of the cost of manufacturing it by hand.

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