#classes residential schools

[pikapeppa]

Alright, why wouldn't Hekarro wanna use Carja glyphs as the Tenakth writing system? The Phincian alphabet is the basis for most of the writing systems in Western Europe - if you got a writing system that works, why not adapt it?

I'M FINALLY ANSWERING THIS ASK TWO MONTHS LATER 😂

For anyone who's curious, the context for this was a post I made a while back in response to an ask regarding whether the Quen might be able to read Chinese, since the Focuses they would have found in the Great Delta would plausibly have been formatted in Chinese. In the tags on the post, I remarked that I had a rant about Hekarro wanting to borrow the Carja writing system. Everbright has asked me to elaborate, and now I'll finally be writing the essay that's been sitting at the back of my mind for like a year LOL.

My thesis here is as follows: it's not the idea of the Tenakth borrowing the Carja writing system that bothers me, necessarily. I take umbrage with the fact that Hekarro seems to think the Tenakth are inferior to the Carja because they aren't a literate society. 

This post is going to get long, so I will put the rest behind a cut to give anyone a break who wants to scroll on past LOL. Also, please note: trigger/content warning for mentions of residential schools in Canada.

First things first: I'm writing this as a non-indigenous Canadian, so I may be writing with biases of my own that I will apologize for in advance. If any members of the cultural groups I'm going to mention should read this and take issue with anything I've said, please do feel free to write me a message here on Tumblr!

Okay, let me set the context here. When Aloy first meets Hekarro, a piece of their conversation is as follows, with the transcript to follow:

Aloy: I’m sorry about Fashav. He seemed like a good man. Hekarro: More than a man. A bridge between Tenakth and Carja. No outlander ever earned our respect as he did. I had hoped he would be my voice in Meridian. That peace with the Carja might become something more. A: An alliance? H: An exchange. The Carja have much we lack. Our deeds are written in ink upon our bodies. Our memories die with our flesh. But the Carja never forget. Their deeds are written in book and scroll. A:  You wanted to learn from them? H: As I learned from Fashav. He will be missed.

This conversational exchange has always bothered me, because inherent in this exchange is the idea that Hekarro views the Tenakth as being lacking compared to the Carja -- that the Carja are superior to the Tenakth because of the fact that they're able to read and write, rather than tattooing their history on their skin. This statement reflects a bias that feels very 'colonizer' to me in an icky way. Being a literate society does not inherently make you superior to a society that doesn't use writing, but that exact idea has been used tons of times in history to argue that the indigenous cultures of a place are less advanced/less intelligent/less valuable than the people who are coming in and trying to force their ideals, including literacy, on the indigenous group(s). In the context of Canada, for instance, Kirmayer et al. (2009) wrote that "aboriginal peoples were viewed as incapable of understanding and participating in democratic government, thereby motivating efforts to 'civilize' and assimilate them into mainstream Canadian society," with that mainstreaming process including residential schools: institutions that took indigenous children from their families and communities and placed them into segregated spaces where they were forbidden from speaking their native languages, practicing their traditional customs, and from contacting their families at all.

This is especially irksome to me because the Tenakth tradition of tattooing (or "ink", as they call it in-game), is based on tattooing traditions IRL with an extremely rich historical and cultural background. The most obvious similarity is to Polynesian tattoo (or "tatau") practices, which I'll focus on here, but similar methods with equally rich histories exist in the Philippines and in Japan. 

One of the most striking things about Polynesian tatau practices is that it's not just the act of striking ink into the skin that matters; it's the meaning behind the act of getting a tattoo, and the embracing of community and identity inherent in the practice. As one Samoan tatau artist said, "it's important to know the meaning behind the symbols of our traditional tatau so you have a deeper understanding of the significance of what you're wearing. Each 'maman' or each pattern has its own meaning and story behind it." Polynesian artists also highlight the fact that these traditions are passed through the generations for thousands of years, and that those who wear tatau are "wearing the maps of our ancestors." As another artist said, Polynesian tatau is "a reconnection to all my ancestors and everybody behind me, because I'm not only speaking for me, but a whole generation of kids that are like me, that are getting Polynesian tattoos to reconnect." 

Tenakth tattoos, like Polynesian tattoos, are a way of recording history and lore -- not only one's own stories and victories, but those of the people that are important to a warrior, as evidenced by Kotallo stating that he plans to ink Varl's deeds on his own skin in tribute. I also personally think that it's culturally fitting for the Tenakth to record important history on their bodies, since the Tenakth place such emphasis on physical strength. It makes logical sense that they would record their proudest deeds on the thing that they view with such pride, i.e. their physical bodies. Hekarro's statement that the Tenakth are "lacking" because they don't record their history "in book and scroll" feels like a devaluation of the Tenakth's culturally-specific method of recording history, much in the way that colonizing societies have devalued the oral traditions of North American indigenous groups. Oral traditions are an extremely important aspect of many indigenous cultures; a group that provides indigenous culture training has stated that "certain stories are never written down, which preserves the tradition of sharing knowledge, culture, and history orally. These stories are the fabric of the community’s history, knowledge and culture, and some are thousands of years old. In some cultures, if a story is written down it is degraded." By ignoring this rich tradition and imposing written records of those stories, they would be degraded and rendered less than what they're meant to be.

Now, some of you might be asking whether it was an oversight/mistake on the part of the Guerrilla Game writers that Hekarro made this accidentally-denigrating comment toward his own tribe. Honestly, I do think it was an oversight, and one that I find disturbing, because it seems to stem from a blind spot that GG isn't aware of. This isn't the only time that content coming from the Horizon world seems to follow this 'colonizer'-like idea of certain societies being more advanced and superior to others. In the concept art book for Horizon Zero Dawn, for instance, there's a description of the Carja as follows (p. 47), transcript below:

 [Transcript: Among all the tribes of Horizon Zero Dawn, the Carja Sundom boasts the most advanced culture. Using the advantages of their geographical position, the Carja have developed agriculture and trade while other tribes still rely on hunting and gathering. The Carja's impregnable capital, Meridian, provides security for a civilized population. Artisans and traders flourish here, serving sophisticated, well-to-do citizens. Carja civilization towers over the other tribes, just as the Sun of their religion rises above the horizon of their mesa valley.]

Even worse, there’s this passage from p. 48, where the non-Carja tribes are called “primitive”.Transcript below:

[Transcript: Through ages of perfecting the techniques of machine plate-working, the Carja have developed the most sophisticated way: to apply the materials of mechanical fauna. While more primitive tribes would roughly affix more or less useful machine parts on their garments, Meridian artisans interweave fine fitted machine elements into comfortable and functional pieces.]

Quotes like this make me worry that there are people at GG who aren't recognizing their own bias inherent in the description of the Carja compared to other tribes. There seems to be a lack of awareness here about the dangerous underpinnings of seeing one culture as more "advanced" than another just because it is more dominant or mainstream. As Shaw (2001) states, "in not according recognition, let alone respect, to the distinctive linguistic and cultural identities that have shaped First Nations peoples, the majority culture continues to exert a significantly negative influence on identity, on self-esteem, on pride in one's cultural heritage, and on one's sense of self and of place in the broader society."

To summarize to some degree: I don't have a problem per se with the Tenakth borrowing the Carja writing system. My qualms come from the idea that the idea of the Carja being superior will come along with that borrowing, thereby devaluing the rich tradition of Tenakth tattoos. As Hale (1992) states, "while it is good and commendable to record and document fading traditions, and in some cases this is absolutely necessary to avert total loss of cultural wealth, the greater goal must be that of safeguarding diversity in the world of people. For that is the circumstance in which diverse and interesting intellectual traditions can grow."

TLDR: Tenakth tattoos are just as valid and important a method of recording lore and history as Carja writing, and the Tenakth are not inferior or primitive for not having a tradition of reading/writing. I think Hekarro's comment about the Tenakth being "lacking" is reflective of a blind spot at GG that I hope will be addressed in future games. 

If you came this far, THANK YOU FOR READING and accept this cookie as thanks for staying with me! 🍪😂 A friendly final note: do be warned that any replies or comments to the effect of "but literate societies ARE inherently better than illiterate ones" will be removed and the writers of such comments may be blocked, depending on their intentions as I read them. 🥰

-- love from your friendly neighbourhood Pika xoxo

[purgaytorysupremacy]

I would like everyone to know that I will be celebrating November 5th by presenting the draft outline of this paper to my graduate-level "uses and abuses of history" philosophy class

[rishikul-123]

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[guiltyblogging]

I live in England. I think we should learn bsl and English at the same time.

French isn't needed. I have never used it. [But Rue, we must learn and immerse ourselves in other cultures and languages to be able to communicate] Okay then, explain why we don't learn Welsh or Scottish or Irish? We actually travel to those places often. What about the many Asian languages and dialects used around us, then? So we can communicate with our peers, and Papin can be called his actual name rather than a nickname given so the teachers have something to call them?

Oh, I don't know! what about our national sign language so we don't have kids segregated and put into "special" classes so they have the ability to communicate with one or two others? Would help those with hearing difficulties, autism, mutism, and you know, deafness?

idk man. i just think itd be really cool if sign language classes were mandatory throughout primary school. yeah because it would make communication with deaf kids and autistic/nonverbal kids much easier. and those kids would be accessible to the others so they could make friends and have healthy relationships. yeah. and kids would eat that shit up man. like their own little secret language? they love that.

[sundropcass]

There’s something so depressing about being bad at school. I couldn’t get myself to do more than 5/15 of the stupid 10 point assignments that just counted for completion. I got a 98% on my final paper. This class should’ve been an easy A for me and instead I barely got the C required for me to not need to retake the course.

[mydaylight]

Every time I watch American teen movies I always marvel at the existence of stuff like prom dances and science labs where they dissect animals.... the most remarkable thing that my graduation ceremony had was an ice cream stand and the fact the neighbors called the police on us for noise disturbance

[shieldglobalschool]

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[queenhollyberry90]

https://www.indigenouswatchdog.org/calls-to-action/

Per this website 14% of the Calls to Action have been completed.

21% have stalled. This number should not exist.

16% have not been started. This should not be the case.

Meaning 49% are in progress.

More needs to be done so the number of completed is hire.

We as a nation need to listen and continue to do better for Canada's Indigenous population.

So here's your annual reminder that most of you reading this, myself included, never learned much about Canadas history pre-colonization outside of 'ya people were here'. Not did we learn what that colonization meant for the peoples we stole the land from.

We need to educate ourselves and help and support where we can.

Educate, mourn, do better.

[scarletcomet]

I need to email my advisor, a professor, and probably someone from disability resources in the next hour before phone time is over, but im feeling kinda upset right now, so i don't think that's going to happen tonight

[rishikeshadiyogii]

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[rishikul-123]

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[lesmana-enterprise-ltd]

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[coastalcowplant]

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Over a century ago, these townhomes were designed as upscale housing for San Myshuno’s growing middle class during the city’s industrial boom. Situated adjacent to one of the original spice factories that gave the district its name, the townhomes were intended to blend industrial charm with residential sophistication. The red-brick façades and ornate ironwork were inspired by European urban architecture of the time, giving the row an enduring historic appeal.

The exteriors have remained largely intact, featuring original brickwork, tall windows, and detailed cornices. Over the years, climbing ivy has enveloped the townhomes, giving them a distinct, romantic character that makes them stand out among the Spice District’s eclectic mix of old warehouses and modern high-rises.

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available for download on the gallery :)

Gallery ID | briannaasims

No CC build

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Residential Lot

30 x 30

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Packs Used: Base Game, Life and Death, For Rent, Horse Ranch, Growing Together, High School Years, Cottage Living, Snowy Escape, Eco Lifestyle, Discover University, Island Living, Get Famous, Seasons, Cats & Dogs, City Living, Get Together, Get to Work, My Wedding Stories, Dream Home Decorator, Journey to Batuu, Realm of Magic, StrangerVille, Jungle Adventure, Vampires, Spa Day, Tiny Living, Romantic Garden Stuff, Perfect Patio Stuff, Desert Luxe

[w-sims]

The Sims 4 Businesses & Hobbies: A List of Small Business Ideas

With the recent announcement of the Businesses & Hobbies expansion pack, we'll be able to run small business on both residential lots or their 'community' lots.

On these lots, you'll be able to charge an entrance or hourly fee, sell items and encourage certain behaviours and actions.

I'm trying to create a list of ideas for different small businesses that it's possible to create, using different content from various other packs. Hopefully it will inspire you once we're able to use the pack!

I've tried to avoid any types of retail space/store, as that would make the list even longer! (Plus I'm not sure how they'll interact with Get to Work.) They're in no particular order, just as I thought of them.

Tattoo parlour

Laundrette

Woohoo playrooms

Table top/board game café

Garden maze

Science museum

Library

Gym

Spa

Yoga studio

Bowling alley

Sauna

Pool

Onsen

Massage therapist

Salon

Cinema

Karaoke bar

Comic book store

Gallery

Art studio

Pet café

Medium/psychic

Crystal workshop

Private gardens

Member's fishing lake

Lecture hall

Robotics workshop

Artist's studio

Petting zoo

Flower arranging school

Nudist colony

Photography studio

Rock climbing centre

Ice skating rink

Rollerskating rink

Nightclub

Bubble blower lounge

Thrift store

Movie studio tour

Soft play centre

Pet training/agility classes

Horse training paddock

Vineyard

Campground

Cooking classes

Food market

Convention centre

Content creation studio

Church

Arcade

[shieldglobalschool]

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