#caucasian spruce

[acrossthewavesoftime]

This is a clip from a somewhat longer feature by the regional news magazine hessenschau of the Hessischer Rundfunk (HR), the state of Hessen's public broadcasting coopertion from four years ago.

Harald Seipp, who has a business as a mechanic for agricultural machinery, built the Christmas tree canon for no other reason than to have fun.

The trees that are launched into the rural Hessian airspace are 'donations' by the local fire brigade, who organise the post-Christmas tree collection and give a few of the disposed-of Christmas trees to Seipp. No tree is wasted exclusively for his stunt, and the remaining stumps are disposed afterwards by Seipp himself.

Having watched the full 2:24 min feature, it becomes clear that Seipp's seemingly very serious manner when discussing the questionable usefulness of his invention was just done jokingly - immediately after where this clip cuts off, he breaks into a fit of laughter.

We also learn that blue spruces fly much further than Caucasian firs, in his experience.

But the best thing is, he did it again this year, and the HR was there to film it!

According to one of the people in attendance, Seipp originally did not want to do it again (presumably because as the feature mentions, every single shot costs him around 50 Euro), but he changed his mind, much to the joy of his audience, and his own. In this more recent video, he appears to allude to this fairly well-known clip from the prior feature, by pretending to think for a moment on the question of why he invented this device before he replies, shrugging (and grinning) "...I still remembered it yesterday!"

The 2024 feature also shows another 'invention' of Seipp's - a concrete mixer converted into a deep-fryer:

If you speak German (even if not), I can only warmly recommend the videos of Seipp's exploits. Contrary to the much-shared clip, he comes across as very warm and bubbly, and the interviews done with admirers, friends, and family are also quite humorous.

Here are the videos:

2020: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y5kwnis6nXc

2024: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bYz1gax74p0

[outofangband]

Flora and Fauna of Dorthonion/Taur-nu-Fuin

I originally had only the flora posted separately but I wanted to post this together for convenience and to add to the flora! 

Flora and fauna of Arda masterlist 

Disclaimer: I used both what we can extrapolate is likely indigenous to the region based on descriptions of the landscape and climate as well as my own headcanons and inspirations and reference books on similar habitats as well as books like The Atlas of Middle Earth and The Flora of Middle Earth

I really love working on and researching these! and as always feel free to ask more, even if I've already done a place I'd always enjoy going into more detail of tacking a more specific kind of life there

Environmental headcanons

Dorthonion translates to Land of Pines and is north of greater Beleriand. It is described as highlands and mountainous region. The Ered Gorgoroth or Mountains of Terror bordered the Southern part and Ard-Galen to the North. Ard-Galen was what would become Anfauglith or Dor-nu-Fauglith, just south of Angband in the Iron Mountains. According to the Atlas of Middle Earth, Dorthonion is 60 leagues East to West.

After Dagor Bragollach, Dorthonion came under Morgoth’s rule and the remaining forested regions became known as Taur-nu-Fuin or the Forest under Night, the Forest of Terror. The destruction caused by the fires of Dagor Bragollach forced the people of the House of Bëor, those who survived, to flee as refugees into Brethil and eventually Dor-lómin. There was a small group of survivors including Baragund, father of Morwen, who managed to survive the battle but died at Tarn Aeluin after being betrayed by Gorlim.

Ladros was a small area of Northeastern Dorthonion that was given to the House of Bëor by Angrod and Aegnor. It was said to be covered in pine forests and steep slopes. 

As Dorthonion was covered in many pine forests that were likely made up of a variety of coniferous species of spruces, larches, pines and fir tree families  Potential species include Balkan pine, pinedrow fir, Caucasian fir, dark-bark spruce 

The climate was cold with little undergrowth in the more forested areas. What undergrowth was found  was likely ferns, some herbaceous plants and mushrooms. Huckleberry, wild raspberry, heather, juniper, wintergreen, bilberry, sand myrtle, pine blossom, inkberry, pitcher plant and sundew, reindeer moss, red capped lichen and earth star fungus are all possible examples

Wetter areas like mossy bogs and small lakes would contain a greater variety of plant types; willow (sharp leafed willow, red willow, woolly willow, etc) , alder like gray alder, , and aspen as well as more ferns (water fern, genus Microlepia, etc)

Flora of the cool highlands was mostly grasses with some flowering plants and roots. Cleistogenes, Cymbopogon commutatus (also called incense grass), running mountain grass, purple stemmed cat-tail, etc. 

Non grasses might include bedstraw/gaillet, spreading bedstraw, rock jasmine, moss campion, silver thistle, common wintergreen, Alpine clover, yellow dock, mountain rose, cottonsedge, fireweed and more. 

Mountain pine and Siberian fir probably grew in less densely forested areas especially in Ladros.

When Dorthonion fell under Morgoth’s rule after Dagor Bragollach, it became the dreaded forest of Taur-nu-fuin, the forest of terror which was dense, dark, and dangerous. There are several kinds of flora directly associated with Taur-nu-fuin in Tolkien’s writing; bearded lichen (not a plant), yew trees, ivy, thorns, and bracken ferns. Less sunlight reached the forest and decay spread throughout which of course brings with it a new kind of biodiversity 

Birds of Dorthonion likely include the hazel grouse, great bustard, gray nightjar, landrail, hooded cranes, pied harrier, Montagu’s harrier, Eurasian pygmy owl, gryfalcon, azure tit, bearded reedling, common treekeeper, Merlin falcon, mountain finch and more. 

Most of the bird diversity is in the highlands and less forested areas. 

Mammals of Dorthonion have some similarities to mammals of Hithlum due to the similar climates however because of the more heavily forested areas of Dorthonion, and the fact that the plains and open spaces were more wild, there are some interesting differences!

Examples include the Chinese goral, Eurasian lynx, wildcat, reed cat,  hog badger, mountain hair, Hoplitomeryx, possibly giant elk, mountainous brown bear, ibex, sable, pine marten, tundra wolf, corsac fox, fallow deer, and other smaller mammals related to rabbits and rodents. 

Reptile and amphibian biodiversity is low due to climate. The four clawed tortoise (that’s the kind I have!), species of rock lizard, mountain grass lizard,  The Amur soft-shelled turtle is also a possibility depending on what sorts of wetlands there are in the more open areas of Dorthonion and Ladros The green toad, agile frog, and Northern newt are possible amphibians. 

This is of course only an overview! Please feel free to ask more questions or ask about specific categories. 

[whatsortofschoolisthis]

IDENTITY

Full Name: Wednesday Anne Drew

Nicknames: Wen, Drew.

Name Meanings: Wednesday — German, ”Woden’s Day”,  Anne— Hebrew, “God has Favored Me” , Drew — Irish, Original surname  Ó Draoi “Descendant of the Druid”.

Date of Birth: Christmas Day, 1972

Gender: Female

Sexuality: Straight

Blood Status: Pureblood.

Ethnicity/Race: White/Caucasian.

Nationality: Irish/American (Dual Citizenship).

MBTI Type: ENTP-A- The Debater

Residence:  Wizarding Dublin, Ireland

MAGIC

Wand:

Wood: Cherry Wood Wand

Core: Thestral Core.

Length: 10 inches

Flexibility: Inflexible

Other Magical Abilities: Animagus, Scarlet Tanager. 

Patronus: American Beaver.

Patronus Memory: Eating wild strawberries with her older brother Jericho

Boggart:  A dark indistinguishable shape with red eyes and sharp teeth, what a ‘haint’ might look like in Wednesday’s eyes.

Riddikulus: The creature turns into a dapper 1920s man dancing aggressively around

Amortentia:

Wednesday smells creature treats, potions classroom, and a fireplace.

Wedneday smells like Strawberries, spruce forests, and clean mountain air.

Mirror of Erised:  A simple house with a calico cat and a one eared crup, it looks a lot like her late great-grandmother’s house.

HOGWARTS

House: Ravenclaw

OWL Classes:

Transfiguration - O

Charms - E

Herbology - E

Astronomy - O

Potions - E

History of Magic - A

Defense Against the Dark Arts - O

Flying - P

OWL Electives:

Ghoul Studies- O

Care of Magical Creatures- A

NEWT Classes:

Charms- O

Potions- O

Astronomy- E

Defense Against the Dark Arts- E

Quidditch: No

Prefect: Yes

Clubs: Sphinx Club, Bookbinding club, and Ghoul Club.

Favorite Professors: Professor Rakepick (she is the only one) and Professor Sinstra. 

Least Favorite Professors:  Professor Snape.

CAREER

11 to 17 - Hogwarts student. Worked part time at Honeydukes as a saleswitch.

18 to 24- Bookbinder at Florish and Blotts, Graduated from the University of Limerick with a degree in anthropology.

25 to 26- Went into hiding during the war and was captured.

26 to 28- Escaped and fled to Romania.

28 to 98- Magical Anthropologist/writer.

APPEARANCE

Faceclaim: No Idea,

Height: 5 ft 6.

Weight & Physique: 140 pounds, thin.

Hair Color: Brick red

Hair Style: Long and wavy, worn down.

Eye Color: Blue.

Skin Tone: Fair

Scars: None, surprisingly. 

Modifications: (piercings, tattoos, glasses, etc.)  : Gets a tattoo of a lobelia flower on her wrist in her fifth year.

Distinguishing Marks: Heart shaped birthmark on her right shoulder.

Clothing Style: Skirts with sweaters.

Accessories: A bracelet her mom got her and tortoiseshell glasses.

What’s In Her Pockets: Her wand.

What’s In Her School Bag:

Textbooks

Parchment and quills.

Pens.

Knitting needles.

Handmade book of ‘Granny Magic’ spells passed down from her great-great-great grandmother.

Bookbinding kit.

A few galleons.

VOICE & LANGUAGE

Voiceclaim: Kate Micucci.

Accent: (might differ from voiceclaim’s) : American with a bit of Dublin thrown in 

Dialect: Local Dublin English mixed with American English and Appalachian English. She sounds weird.

Languages Spoken: English, Irish, and Appalachian English.

Languages Understood: English, Irish, and Appalachian English.

Speech and/or Language Disorder: None

FAMILY

Father: Noal Marvin Drew

Born on Halloween 1928 to Easton and Aideen Drew in a wizarding village in the Appalachian Mountains. The oldest of five children, three boys and two girls. (Noal, Skylar, Baylor, Easton Junior, and Kinley.)

His grandparents were well known blood purists, his mother coming from the Edelwood family (one of the pure 10) and his father being distantly related to 27 members of the sacred 28 and one of the pure 10 in the US. 

His parents did not buy into their ideologies and they were disowned and driven out of their home village of Vespers.  

Unfortunately, most of his siblings did buy into purism and the only one Noal still speaks to is Easton Junior.

He had a very happy and chaotic childhood.

Noal was sorted into Horned Serpent in Illvermony and was on their broom racing team.

Became a Cursebreaker after graduation and worked with his sister Skylar.

He met Ilse while breaking a curse for the O’Malley family and they started writing back and forth. They got married in 1950 and had Bailey in 1952, Jericho in 1965, Wednesday in 1972, and Rosie in 1979.

Noal and Ilse immigrated to Ireland in 1978 so Ilse could be closer to her family after her father died and to have a new start after a falling out with Skylar over blood purism. They brought Aideen with them.

Noal loves all his children/family and is always looking for Jericho and Danny.

Faceclaim: Harrison Ford.

Mother: Ilse Marie Drew (Nee Edelwood).

Born on June 8th 1928, in Traelee Ireland to Maxwell (born in Appalachia, USA) and Mary Edelwood. She had one sister named June who died in 1948 due to complications from Pneumonia.

Ilse had a very pleasant childhood and would often play with her maternal cousin Saorise, who lived nearby. 

Ilse was sorted into Ravenclaw and played keeper for their Quidditch team.

After graduation, she worked with her maternal grandfather on his tree farm and opened a small stand for drinks that she had from the fruit of the fruit trees. Here she met Noal who was helping her grandfather get rid of a curse on one of his older trees. They started writing and were married on May 28th 1950 and Ilse immigrated to America with her husband in 1951.

Ilse became an American citizen in 1952 a month before Bailey was born. 

Moved back to Ireland in 1978 after her father died to help her mother and to keep her children away from Skylar.

She loves her family and her husband. No one is allowed to bad mouth him.

Faceclaim: Maureen O'Hara

Older Brother: Bailey John Drew

Born on March 30th, 1952.

Was sorted into Wampus House at illvermorny and played chaser on their Quidditch team.

Works as a train engineer. Was never interested in magical work.

Very quiet. Doesn’t talk a lot and when he does, you’d better listen. because it’s important.

Wednesday isn’t all that close to him but she does love him.

Faceclaim: Young Clint Eastwood.

Brother: Jericho Jacob Drew

Born on Thanksgiving Day 1965.

Jericho is a highly intelligent Ravenclaw with low wisdom and enjoys things he finds challenging, which is why he helped Danny hunt the vaults.

A very sweet person and a good older brother, in direct contrast to Danny, who is an asshole.

He becomes an archaeologist after being freed from the vault and swears off cursebreaking as a career.

Wednesday adores him even though he can be “A bit reckless and stupid.”

Faceclaim: River Phoenix.

Sister: Rosie June Drew

Born on July 4th, 1979.

The baby of the family and a future Gryffindor. Very adventurous, always giving her mother and Wednesday a heart attack.

Wants to be a Cursebreaker like her dad and cousins, her favorite being Sean.

Rosie thinks Wednesday is annoying and a busybody. Wednesday thinks she is annoying and too careless. They love each other.

Faceclaim: Young Liliana Mumy.

Cousins: Rubin, Wren, Fiadah, Danny, Bryn, Hecate, Sean, and Kit. Also Evangeline.

She gets along best with Hecate but even then they fight a lot. 

Being around Evangeline is a bit awkward but it’s not her circus or her clowns so she treats Evangeline like she would anyone else- with condescension and like she can’t read.

They all love each other, don’t get me wrong, but they tend to rub one other the wrong way.

Wednesday treats Rubin and Wren as aunts due to the age difference.

She tends to avoid Fiadah like the plague, the woman makes Wednesday VERY uncomfortable.

Pets: Rat named Bobbin and a Barn owl named Spectacles. 

FRIENDSHIPS

Best Friends:

Angelica Cole.

Jane Court

Chester Davies.

Bill Weasley.

Close Friends:

Orion Amari.

Murphy McNully (by force, he befriended her by force).

Ben Copper, somehow.

Friends:

Victor Katsuki.

Erika Rath

Acquaintances:

Everyone else.

It’s Complicated:

Chiara Lobasca.

Jae Kim

Dormmates:

Unnamed Ravenclaws.

Rivals: Tulip Karasu.

Enemies: R, Death Eaters, Rakepick, Merula Snyde. 

ROMANCE & CHILDREN

Love Interest: Jae Kim/Felix Rosier

They met while at Hogwarts, Felix was much older so Wednesday didn’t talk to him much.

Wednesday dated Jae Kim in her 3rd year through the beginning of her 4th year and acted like an absolute crazy person. Jae broke it off and started dating Chiara at the end of year 4 and Wednesday took it very badly.

Ben, of all people, gave her a ‘get your shit together’ talk, which kept her from burning bridges with her ex and her family in their 6th year and her 7th.

She starts dating Felix when she’s 20 and they get married when she’s 23.

Future Daughter: Raven May Rosier

Born October 10th 1996 at 12:00pm .

She’s a quiet unassuming girl and would like to be the next Hogwarts Librarian when she grows up. Ravenclaw.

Willow wand, 11 and a half inches, with a unicorn hair core and bendy.

Future Son: Maxwell John Rosier

Born on August 31st 2000 at 6:00am. 

Loud, boisterous, and utterly chaotic, Slytherin. Would like to own his own Joke Shop in the US or be an electrician.

Dogwood wand, 11 inches, dragon heartstring core, and very flexible.

PERSONALITY

Traits:

Positive: Intelligent, brave, loyal, kind generous.

Neutral: Outspoken, polite, cautious, sarcastic.

Negative: Stubborn, possessive, pessimistic, know it all, uptight, and nosy.

Favorites:

Color: Burgundy 

Food: Biscuits and gravy.

Weather: Cool and windy

Books: Mostly non-fiction, does enjoy Agatha Christie novels though.

Hobbies: Bookbinding, reading, building model trains, knitting, gardening, and writing.

Music: Jazz music

Dislikes: Blood supremacy, rock music, snow,

Description: Despite being a stick in the mud, Wednesday does love her family and friends and would do anything to help them (within reason). She can be very possessive and often has to keep herself from acting on those impulses.

MBTI Description: "Quick-witted and audacious, Debaters aren’t afraid to disagree with the status quo. In fact, they’re not afraid to disagree with pretty much anything or anyone. Few things light up people with this personality type more than a bit of verbal sparring – and if the conversation veers into controversial terrain, so much the better."

HISTORY & BACKGROUND

Pre-Hogwarts Childhood:

Wednesday was born in the small Wizarding town of Redwood in 1972. Her Paternal grandfather died shortly before she was born.

She had a fairly pleasant early childhood, following Jericho and Bailey around their property and visiting with her Mimi (great grandmother) who lived in a house on the property

Her Mimi died in her sleep when Wednesday was 6. Jericho and Wednesday found her.

They immigrated to America not long after her maternal grandfather died and left Bailey behind as he had no desire to move to Ireland or be anywhere near "that death eater shit."

Jacob went missing alongside Jacob after searching for the cursed vaults.

Hogwarts Years:

Trying to google everything would only frustrate me and waste my time, so I’m not going into detail.

Becomes a prefect in her third year.

Wednesday helps with the vaults and with research on them.

Second Wizarding War:

Forced to go into hiding during the war due to her marriage to Felix and they are seperated after being found out by Purists.

After being held captive for several months while the Death Eaters tried to get Felix on their side, she managed to escape

Wednesday joined her husband in Romania shortly before having Raven. They housed refugees in their home and Granny (Aideen).

Adulthood:

Wednesday spent the rest of her life in Romania with Felix writing and studying Muggle ghosts, which she refers to as haints.

Aideen dies a very old woman in Wednesdays home.

Death:

Wednesday dies of a stroke at the age of 98, a decade before Felix. She left two children, four grandchildren, and eight grandchildren.

MISCELLANEOUS

Wednesday enjoys American action movies, her favorites being Terminator and Speed.

She likes her own children but not other people's.

Can't carry a tune and is tone deaf.

Considered becoming a train engineer if she turned out to be a Squib and still really likes trains.

Mimi taught her to knit and Wednesday finished her final project: scarves for their family Christmas.

Template made by @unfortunate-arrow

[hcrmincs]

—— isn’t that hermina 'mina' scott? yeah that is them, outside the three broomsticks! they used to go to the salem witches' institute but apparently they now work as a barmaid at the hogshead inn. sybill once said that they reminded her of a handful of glitter being released into the air, a dangerously wobbly pile of vinyl records, microdresses and stilletos, and a can do attitude, which seems about right. anyway i’ve heard they’re still a bit  s p a r k l y, freespirited and vibrant. they’re twenty two now but some things never change! i wonder how being a halfblood is affecting them after moving back home, especially now they’re an associate of the order of the phoenix? i guess only time will tell… —— pinterest || playlist

→ NAME: hermina ‘mina’ ivy adelyn scott jnr → NICKNAMES: mina, ivy, ives, glitter girl,   → AGE / D.O.B.: 22 / 7 january 1955  → SPECIES: halfblood witch → GENDER / PRONOUNS: cisfemale / she&her → SEXUALITY: open to love in all it’s multifaceted glory, but prefers men

FAMILY → PARENTS: steve scott, 45, international magical cooperation.                        hermína jörgensdóttir, 44, homemaker, but always busy - → SIBLINGS: alice none → COUSINS: alice, barty, hilde, → PETS: clyde, long-eared owl she came home from the shops with one christmas because ‘he’s got the cutest little hoot, listen, listen’ ‘hooo’ ‘😍‘

LIFESTYLE → BORN: edinburgh, scotland → RAISED: grassmarket, edinburgh, scotland (as a child) ; salem, massachusetts, usa  → CURRENT RESIDENCE: hogsmeade  → NATIONALITY: scottish, icelandic, NOT AMERICAN - STOP SAYING THAT  → SPOKEN LANGUAGES: english and french, and a smidgen of icelandic → OCCUPATION: barmaid, professional meddler  → DRINK | SMOKE | DRUGS: occasionally, occasionally, occasionally → RELIGION: god is a woman and heaven is whatever you want to be --  (raised catholic)

PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES → FACE CLAIM: milena tscharntke → ETHNICITY: caucasian, german → HEIGHT: 5ft. 3 in. → WEIGHT: 110 lbs → BUILD: petite and proportional, lightly toned muscles → HAIR: long blonde hair, usually curled, falls to her (natural) waist → EYE COLOR: blue → DOMINANT HAND: right → SCENT: sweet pea and peonie → NERVOUS HABITS: paces, crosses and uncrosses her legs, start stops a thousand sentences, tears up, chews the ends of her hair

CHARACTER → MORAL ALIGNMENT: chaotic good → MBTI: enfp  → WESTERN ZODIAC: capricorn → SONG: belter - gerry cinnamon

MAGIC → WAND: blue spruce, phoenix feather, 10 ¼", swishy → PATRONUS: st bernard → BOGGART:  the black flash - an urban legend she learned while in the states, the black flash was one of the scary stories the girls used to tell each other in the dorms at night, and the only one that lingered with mina enough to frighten her. with the war heating up, and mina back in the thick of it after an extended stay well away from any ideas of a magical war, it’s probable that her boggart will be changing, and soon.

BIO

mina spent most of her youth in the states, at the salem witches institute, and until recently, was only back this side of the pond for holidays.

her father, steve, works in the ministry in the dept of int’l magical cooperation, and because of this, mina and her parents have traveled the world. they had been in the states for a few years when it was time for schooling to begin, and so mina, unlike the rest of her family, was the first to attend a school that wasn’t hogwarts. 

her father was called back to the ministry in her final year of schooling, and because they graduate earlier in the states, she took the opportunity to follow her family back home - well, nearly home.

steve and hermina are back in grassmarket, and mina is in hogsmeade. mina has missed her family, and is always ready for a new adventure, so it only made sense that she’d want to be as close as possible to her favorite cousin, only a stone’s throw away from hogwarts really.

her aunt causes a lot of strife in the family, actually, and so does her own mother.

and alice

and barty, duh

but not mina ;)  

(she’s an angel)

as a child in edinburgh, she attended (private) muggle primary and played field hockey briefly, before they started moving around, which led to much of mina’s education coming from salem institute satellite campuses.

she also grew up dancing - and you’ll still find a pair of pointe slippers in her trunk. When mina really needs to think, or clear her mind so she can’t think, she finds her peace in the structured movement running through the stretches can bring her.

unfortunately, she never took to duelling the way alice did, and while this is one place their paths differed, there’s a reason: the war that LV has begun here at home... is not happening in the states. but, she’s been alice’s practice opponent every time she’s come ‘round. she’s rusty, and she’s shaky... not at all confident in her dueling skills, but she duels with alice for the heck of it anyways any time she’s asked, because it’s fun.

she was a beater and a captain in salem - and her sparkly bedazzled bat is still her signature (and her pride. she misses quidditch a lot)

she was also an illicit moonlight inter-school scrimmage ringleader ... but that was a wild few years she’d love to tell you about

mina loves to bake and she’ll use any excuse to make you some cookies

everything she owns is covered in glitter

e v e r y t h i n g

she almost always looks like she’s going to a party - and a lot of times..she is

she loves to perform, and she lives for her spotlight moments, so god help you if you try to step into her light, on her toes, or get in her way

she has so many hobbies - designing, baking, quidditch (go wasps, yes, pre-ludo, though it’s hard to believe there was ever a time pre-ludo, how embarrassing), singing, dancing.. you name it, she’ll (probably) try it : it’s important to mina to support her friends in all of their endeavors, and if that means picking up something new so they don’t have to do it alone, so be it

she is a meddler, and she will meddle in your life every chance you give her (and even when you don’t)

she is also incredibly prone to dramatics, and schemes, and if you aren’t careful, she’ll drag you straight into her shenanigans

she was the president of the salem chapter of the burt reynolds fan club - and had a framed autographed picture in the dorm

she still has the picture, and it sits in place of pride in the entryway of her flat

do not get glitter bombed by mina - she is every bit as petty as she is sweet, and vindictive to boot - and the glitter bomb is her specialty.

idk

mina is mina

she’s annoying

but she’s adorable

and more importantly, she’s genuine.

she just is

she’s wild, a real hoot

you’re gonna love her

me my mo mina

[strxngdrxm]

BLACKWELL, S  –-  information and statistics

BASIC INFORMATION

Full name: Seraphina Marie Blackwell Nicknames: Sera Age: Twenty Six Years Old Date of Birth: November 22 Hometown: Salem, MA Current Location: Salem, MA Ethnicity: Caucasian Gender: Cisgender Female (she/her) Sexuality: Bisexual Religion: Irreligion Occupation: Mechanic  Languages Spoken: English, Spanish, French, Russian Accent: None

PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

Face Claim: Kat McNamara  Hair Colour: Blonde Eye Colour: Green Weight: 115lbs Height: 5′ 5″ Build: Fit Tattoos: a snake that wraps around her left ankle and stops on the top of her foot. the phases on the moon going down her inner upper arm. the main four elements on her inner forearm arm. a simple spruce tree on her sternum. a small capital N on her inner ring finger.  Piercings: industrial, rook, helix, and three lobe piercings on her left ear. three lobe piercings on her right ear along with three helix piercings. a tongue frenulum piercing. and finally a navel piercing.

PERSONALITY

Label: The Icarian  Positive Traits: + driven, intelligent, resourceful, protective Negative Traits: - hot headed, distant, secretive, arrogant Goals/Desires: to protect those she cares about. it’s all that matters to her. Fears: losing people she cares about.  Hobbies: driving. sera’s always been into cars and bikes and not just working on them. the woman loves to drive fast. basically a bit of an adrenaline junkie.

FAMILY

Father: none Mother(s): Natasha † and Jules † Sibling(s): Isaac † and Dylan † [ Twins ] Children: none Pet(s): none

EXTRA

Zodiac Sign: Sagittarius - “sagittarius is the ultimate empiricist. they will always choose principles over feelings and will often question who they are. they are explorers of the human condition and are unafraid of change. sagittarians feel like the world is their playground. they love to explore the unknown. they want to understand how the world works. sagittarians are reckless in their pursuit of what they want, and often end up doing and experiencing things that defy conceptions of the possible. they are both the fearless adventurer and the jaded critic. sagittarius knows that external knowledge can be easily gained while internal knowledge is exponentially deeper and more powerful. they’re on a quest to delve into the depths of the universe inside the human mind. they don’t do this to prove that they have all the answers, but instead because they know that the journey is the destination..” MBTI: INTJ - The Architect. “rational and quick-witted, architects may struggle to find people who can keep up with their nonstop analysis of everything around them. these personalities can be both the boldest of dreamers and the bitterest of pessimists. architects believe that, through willpower and intelligence, they can achieve even the most challenging of goals. but they may be cynical about human nature more generally, assuming that most people are lazy, unimaginative, or simply doomed to mediocrity..” Alignment: Chaotic Good - “chaotic good characters are strong individualists marked by a streak of kindness and benevolence. they believe in all the virtues of goodness and right, but they have little use for laws and regulations. they have no use for people who ‘try to push folk around and tell them what to do.’ their actions are guided by their own moral compass which, although good, may not always be in perfect agreement with the rest of society. these characters are basically good, but tend to be selfish and maybe a bit greedy. they tend to hold personal freedom and welfare above anything else. the chaotic good dislikes confining laws, self-discipline, and they distrust authority.” Enneagram: Type 8 - The Challenger. “eights are defined by their desire to be powerful and to avoid any vulnerability. they present a confident, assertive, and decisive image to others. eights can be argumentative and intimidating; it is important to them to stand up for what they believe in and to protect those who are weaker than themselves. eights fear being vulnerable and powerless more than anything, and cope with this fear by always being strong and in control. eights are motivated by their desire to be independent and in control. they resist appearing or feeling weak and reject any authority that restricts them.” Celtic Tree: Reed, The Inquisitor - “the one that keeps secrets between the tree signs of the celtic horoscope is the reed. this sign can dig deep to find the real meaning of things and discover the truth. people born under this celtic tree sign love a good story, gossip and scandals. they have the ability to find the core of things and strip every layer of the story. however, they tend to be a bit manipulative at times, but still have a strong sense of truth and honour.” Temperament: Choleric - “the choleric temperament is fundamentally ambitious and leader-like. they have a lot of aggression, energy, and/or passion, and try to instil it in others. they can dominate people of other temperaments, especially phlegmatic types. they like to be in charge of everything. however, cholerics also tend to be either highly disorganised or highly organised. they do not have in-between setups, only one extreme to another. as well as being leader-like and assertive, cholerics also fall into deep and sudden depression. essentially, they are very much prone to mood swings.” Hogwarts House: Slytherclaw - “slytherins values ambition, cunning, leadership, and resourcefulness while ravenclaws values intelligence, learning, wisdom and wit... when you belong to both; originality, individuality, and acceptance are added to the list. a slytherclaw is someone who would stab you in the back without looking up from their book.” Element: Fire - “a fire personality consists of someone who is passionate, creative, and authoritative. their personalities tend to be impulsive and irritable. the element of fire has great power for forging will and determination. they are energetic, passionate, dramatic, and have a tendency to be emotionally volatile. .”

[imdrowninginocs]

Tsutsutaka Agoyamato Bio (long)

=the character and name are canon, but this info is by me=

MASTERLIST

Gender: amab, Male – he/him

Age: 16

Birthday: December 12th (Sagittarius)

Birthplace: Northern Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture

Orientation: Heteromantic/Heterosexual

Appearance: long, black hair, kept in a pompadour; Caucasian skin with warm undertones; inverted triangle body type/mesomorph body type; large chin; large, gray-blue eyes

Height: 5’8” (current) 5’9” (adult)

Blood Type: B+

Notable Likes/Pastimes: building and modifying gunpla models, sometimes for money; making small clay dioramas for money; the punk aesthetic; trying different types of tea; ichi-go ichi-e; tea ceremonies

Notable Dislikes: people who make fun of others’ interests; being honked at when he’s on his bike; people gatekeeping hobbies/interests; fake wasabi

Pet Peeves: when he snips a piece off the spruce and it flies away; when the main weapon for his gunpla is too heavy; sanding tiny pieces; seam lines; stressed plastic; details not being correct , in anything, really; cyclists who use both earbuds to listen to music

Notable Quirks: does that anime nose/upper lip rub thing when embarrassed

Hobbies: cycling – usually with Hitoshi; creating models and dioramas; learning about and trying different teas

Nickname(s): Tsu, Tsutsu

Quirk: Calculator: can look at/think of a math equation and immediately know the answer; however this doesn’t mean he understands math any better bc of his quirk. Using his quirk too much causes headaches and/or migraines

  Questions

1. Do they have siblings? If not, do they want any?: No sibling, but he wouldn’t mind having one.

2. Parents’ Names:

Father: Hirotaka; quirk: same as Tsutsutaka’s; job: owner of a bank

Mother: (DECEASED) Toyoko; quirk: can mentally set alarm clocks for herself; job: NA, stay at home mom

3. What Is Their Family’s Income Class?: Middle class

4. Are they religious?: Tsutsutaka and his dad practice Shintoism; Tsutsutaka more-so than his father

5. Who is their role model(s)?: His father, for his work ethic and passion for models; all engineers in the world; gunpla and other model makers; hero support (basically engineers)

6. What did they want to be as a little kid?: A robot; a gundam pilot; a person who builds giant, maybe even sentient, robots; captain of a spaceship that can turn into a robot; person who grew the best tea ever in the world

7. Were they considered popular in school?: He was average; not popular, but not considered unpopular. When he decided to dress more punk-like, his popularity dipped because people grew more intimidated by his appearance, but he still did well. He has no regrets about changing up his wardrobe.

8. Were they bullied in school?: Possibly? I’m not sure if “bullied” is the correct term. Kids would make fun of his interests, but they didn’t do it with the intent to be mean, they thought they were being funny. Of course, Tsutsutaka still internalized some stuff.

9. Have they ever kissed before?: Yes, it happened when he was a little kid. His parents had thrown a party, and a friend of the family brought her daughter along. Tsutsutaka and the girl hung out often because their families were close, and she had a not-so-secret crush on him, which he was oblivious to. That night, she kissed him by surprise in an attempt to finally get the point across that she liked him, but he did not reciprocate. In fact, he said “Ew” after she kissed him, and wiped his mouth on his sleeve. She cried.

10. What is their typical clothing style?: Anything that pairs well with his black leather jackets. So, typically boots, sunglasses, and roughed-up-looking jeans that are stylized with chains.

11. Do they have any scars?: A couple of faded scars on his finger from cutting himself while making models, and another faded scar on his forehead. –mentioned in #12

12. What Is Their Worst Injury?: Tsutsutaka has REM Parasomnia, in which he moves around a lot and makes noises when he’s in the REM stage of sleep. More specifically, he tends to fall out of bed a lot. When he was younger, Tsu fell and hit his head against the corner of his nightstand; he had to get several stitches, and now has a faded scar.

13. Do they have any friends not in UA?: He has 3 friends that he met first on an online forum about gunpla, and then decided to meet in real life.

Nam-Sun; male – he/they; Japanese-Korean; quirk: water-repel – he can’t get wet, all liquids bead off of his skin

Mikuni; male – he/him; quirk: fleshsuit – he can shift his skin layer to be anywhere on his body

Shimako; female & nb – she/they/xe; quirk: smokebomb – she can emit large clouds of smoke

14. Earliest memory: Making a “secret lair” underneath his bed.

15. How was their childhood overall?:

            It wasn’t bad, but it could’ve been better.

            The worst part of Tsutsutaka’s childhood was when his mom passed away. Hirotaka struggled to adjust to raising his son on his own, while also running a business, and mourning the death of his wife. It was difficult for the Tsu, too, especially since his father was never the type to be emotionally vulnerable.

            Social-wise, he did decently well. Not many people understood his interest in modeling and gundam, and poked fun at it, but eventually he just sucked it up, deciding to grin and bear it. He would still half-heartedly defend it, though. It wasn’t until he was 12 that he met his friends on online forums.

16. What is currently their biggest achievement?: Personally, he thinks its him starting his own side business of making models and dioramas for money, even though it’s really tiny.

17. What is currently their biggest regret?: Not spending more time with his mom, and telling her he loved her.

18. What is 1 thing they would change about their past?: Looking at gunpla forums earlier. The ones he’s on is filled with cool people, and it’s just nice to talk with others who have similar interests.

19. What is the worst thing they’ve done?: When he was 13 he got into a heated argument with his dad in one of his banks. In hindsight, he feels bad about not waiting for a more private area.

20. When were they the most frightened?: When his mom’s health started to spiral during her chemotherapy treatment. (she had AML – acute myeloid leukemia)

21. What was their most embarrassing moment so far?: In 3rd grade, he used and clogged one of the toilets in the boy’s bathroom. One of the other boys in his class thought it was hilarious and told the rest of his classmates that he was the one who did it, to which Tsutsutaka denied fervently.

22. What is their best memory?: Entering into an unofficial gunpla tournament and winning 4th place.

23. What is their worst memory?: The day his mother passed away.

24. What is their proudest moment?: #1 is being accepted into UA

25. What moment are they most ashamed of?: During his mother’s downspiral, there was a time when he was with his friends and just broke down, saying, “I wish she would just die already”, and would continue to think it at times, up until her death. Yes, things like this are very stressful for everyone, and his reaction is completely understandable, but he still feels like a pos for saying and thinking that.

26. Are they more optimistic or pessimistic?: Optimistic

27. Are they more of a leader or follower?: Follower at the moment, but with enough time, he would be a good leader.

28. What is their greatest fear?: His dad’s or friends’ health declining, and not being able to do anything about it.

29. Do they believe in true love?: Yes.

30. What does success mean to them? Being able to do what you enjoy for a living, and/or making decent money. If the two can be combined, it’s the best scenario!

31. Are they usually honest with themselves about their emotions?: Yes, despite his upbringing, he’s surprisingly insightful about his own emotions.

32. Are they usually honest with others about their emotions?: For the most part, yes. But, he tries to avoid talking about his negative emotions too much. At the most, he’ll give surface-level information.

33. What do they feel the most passionate about?: As typical as it sounds, his gunpla, models, but, also tea! Just not as much as gunplay.

34. Who do they respect the most and why?: A side character I’m making up just at this moment – A youtuber who makes modeling videos and vlogs. Tsutsutaka respects him (parasocial much?), and his work ethic, and how seriously he takes modeling, and his creativity. Overall, he’s just a cool, caring person.

35. Have they ever been in love?: No

36. Are they currently dating someone?: No

37. What is their idea of a perfect date?:

            Tsutsutaka likes cliché romance, and tries to go all out.

            So, Tsutsutaka wants to make a whole day out of this date, it starts in the morning and ends after the sun goes down (unless his partner wants otherwise). The preferences of his partner play a major role in his planning, as the date revolves around them. Really, the only thing he’ll ask is that he can drive you to any places you want to go on his (future) motorcycle – though currently you’d be taking public transit.

            Since there are so many variables that would stem from his significant other, I can’t give a 100% detailed plan of what Tsutsutaka’s ideal date is, but I can give some basic info: First things first, when he comes over, he brings a lovely bouquet that incorporates your favorite flower(s), and gives you a loving kiss. Then he makes you a fancy breakfast; you can even choose to stay in bed if you want! After that, maybe some cuddle time, then you’re both out the door to do whatever your heart desires! At dinnertime, he takes you to a fancy restaurant, because “you deserve it”.

            I know that sounds kinda lackluster, but let me also add, that Tsutsutaka tries to plan everything perfectly down to the last detail! He does his research about everything you like, and want to do. He checks the forecast every day the same week you’re both due to go out, secretly stashing away an umbrella if there’s even a slim chance of rain. He calls the restaurants/cafés to make they have your favorite food in stock, if there’s inside/outside heating, etc. And of course, if he can, he’s making a reservation. He just wants you to be happy and have the best date ever!

38. Do they consider anyone outside their family tree to be family?: His friends Nam-Sun, Mikuni, and Shimano.

39. How close are they to their family?:

            Tsutsutaka is not as close to his father as he’d like. Hirotaka is introverted, strict, and isn’t good at opening up, or being emotionally available. Despite this, he does genuinely care for his son. The most they talk is whenever the subject of modeling/dioramas comes up.

            However, because of this, Tsutsutaka seldom tries to engage his dad in conversation, or at least anything that comes to emotions. He genuinely believes that his father doesn’t care, and that he’ll be scolded if he’s “too emotional”, or “unmanly”.

40. Who do they turn to in desperate times?: His friends. If it’s a very desperate situation, he’ll turn to his father.

41. Who do they trust to protect them?: Heroes and police, I suppose? He knows his friends would gladly try to protect him from harm, but they aren’t trained to fight, and he doesn’t want them to get hurt.

42. Who do they dislike the most?: NA. no one atm

43. Do they tend to argue or avoid conflicts?: He usually avoids conflicts unless something really rustles him the wrong way. Unless, the conflict is about someone’s interests. If somebody makes fun of his hobbies, he’ll politely defend himself, but if he sees someone else’s being made fun of, he’ll be more aggressive.

44. Do they tend to care about what people think of them?: I’d say he’s just below average. But still, he’s only human.

45. What is there most prized possession?: He has an old bottle of perfume that his mother used to wear. He brought it with him to the dorms.

46. Do they have a favorite color?: Black and red

47. Do they have a favorite food?: Savory: seafood, preferably kaisendon, raw shirasu (whitebait), and shizuoka-style oden kuro hanpen (black fishcake)// Sweet: castella cake and baumkuchen (tree/log cake)

48. Do they have a favorite movie/tv show genre?: Anything with robots; sci-fi; slice-of-life; whatever genre shows like “How It’s Made” or “Dirty Jobs” are

49. Do they have a favorite book genre?: Anything with robots; sci-fi

50. Do they have a favorite type of music?: Rock and hip-hop

51. What is a usual lazy day for them like?: Listening to music and working on models/dioramas. Maybe his friends would come over and they’d hang out. On lazy days, he wouldn’t be in the mood to bike unless his friends wanted to.

52. Rain or Sun?: Sun

53. Day or Night?: Day

54. How do they deal with stress?: Listening to music, complaining to his friends, and going biking. Sometimes doing modeling helps, but he tries not to, because he’s prone to make more mistakes or hurt himself.

55. Are they more spontaneous or need to plan?: He’s more spontaneous when he’s alone, unless there’s something specific he wants to do, like go to a convention for example. Besides this, he likes planning, and getting the fine details just right. He sometimes struggles with this if he and his friends decide to just “go out and walk around”. There could be a lot of fun stuff they could be doing! Just give him like…2 hours to plan something.

56. Best and Worst School Subject: Math I and English I

57. Are they more of a Spender or Saver with their Money?: Saver.

58. What is their Greatest Strength?: Detail-oriented

59. What is their Greatest Weakness?: Wanting things to be done his way

60. What is the #1 thing they would change about themself?: He wants to stop caring what others think of him. Yes, he knows that others’ opinions matter to an extent, but the anxiety he has about it sucks. (I know, this sounds like he needs to get rid of his anxiety instead, but he doesn’t see it that way)

61. Overall, do they like themself?: Yes

62. How Do They Comfort People?: Asks if they want to talk, he’s a good listener. If someone was mean to his friend, he’ll trash talk the other person and hype his friend up. Asks if they want something to eat and drink. He’s completely at your service.

63. How Do They Handle Being Complimented?: He smiles a little and tries to play it off, as if it didn’t affect him, but thanks the person for it. If people compliment his modeling skills, he’ll also blush some.

64. Are they easily embarrassed?: I’d say it’s average.

65. What does embarrass them?: People complimenting his modeling skills, people seeing him with his hair unmade, people seeing him wearing his glasses, people first discovering that he likes gundam

66. How Do They Handle Criticism?:

For gunpla, he likes it when he receives compliments along with constructive criticism, aka: the sandwich method. He understands that the person is just giving them advice to help, but hearing about his mistakes one after the other makes him feel insecure in his abilities. But he thanks the person, and remembers the information for next time.

If it’s unwarranted, and for something in a more gray-area, like his appearance, he’ll be huffy, and probably keep doing what he wants. Ex: a stranger passing by him says he needs to change his appearance because he looks scary. If it comes from someone he knows, he’ll give it more thought.

67. Do They Tend To Be More Forgiving Or Hold Grudges?: He’s more forgiving, but he does stew for a little bit.

68. Are They A Good Liar?: He’s decent.

69. What Is Their Dream Job?: Being a popular youtuber (or whatever the bnha equivalent is) who does dioramas and models and whatnot. Basically, doing what he enjoys, while living a relatively cushy lifestyle. At least, that’s what he thinks being a youtuber is like.

70. What Is Their Job Probably Going To Be?: He’s going to keep doing his models as a side hobby, but professionally, he’s gonna be an architect!

71. Does He Worry About His Place In Society?: A little bit. He doesn’t really want to take over his father’s position, but he doesn’t know what else to do. He’s more worried about what his financial situation would be.

72. Are They Usually Trustworthy?: Yes

73. Can They Fight?: No. He’ll try his best, but no, he’s not good at fighting. The most he can do is throw a punch.

74. Would They Purposely Hurt Someone?: Yes, if he thought he needed to defend himself or someone else… Or just if he thinks some jerk deserved it.

  Uncommon Questions

1. What do they do if they have a hard time sleeping?: screw around on the internet, walk around the house, and/or drink some non-caffeinated tea. If he’s feeling really awake, he’ll work on a model

2. What triggers nostalgia for them?: Castella cake and stovetop made baumkuchen (tree/log cake), because his mom used to make them. Looking at his first gunpla model, because it was a gift from his parents. The smell of his mother’s perfume.

3. What were they scolded for most as a child?: Touching his dad’s model stuff

4. Do they swear often?: No, only occasionally, and only around people who are okay with swearing.

5. Have they tried alcohol?: Yes, because he was curious how it tasted, not because he actually wanted to drink. He didn’t like it.

6. What thoughts/things make them nauseous?: really squishy sounds, the strong fish smell at fish markets; hearing someone else throw-up; certain smells of hair-products; smell of strong disinfectant

7. How do they express jealousy?:

In a relationship, if he’s jealous that his partner is talking to someone (*cough* that makes him feel insecure *cough*), he becomes quiet and broody, hoping they notice and understand his change in disposition. -- I suppose that basically, if the jealousy stems from feeling inadequate, he becomes broody.

If he’s jealous of a person’s physical characteristics, he tries his best to hide it from others, but in private brainstorms of ways to change himself. He wouldn’t be afraid to express his jealousy around his friends, though.

8. Is it easy for them to shake guilt?: If the guilt stems from someone getting hurt, especially physically, it would be difficult to shake the guilt. Otherwise, it’s not that hard.

9. How do they react to something their friend is interested in, but they’re not?: Tsutsutaka is respectful and pays attention, asking questions here and there. He’ll even ask if the other person wouldn’t mind educating him more on the subject, since sometimes being uninterested in something is because you don’t understand it. Tsutsutaka will even do his own research on the subject, even if it’s just the basics.

10. Do they actively seek out romance, or do they wait for it to come to them?: Tsutsutaka is shy when it comes to romance. He’s one of those guys that sneaks glances and secretly pines after someone. If you want to romance him, you’ll more than likely have to make the first move.

11. How easy is it for them to ignore other peoples flaws?: Depends on the flaw. If it’s something simple, like being forgetful, he can easily overlook it, even try to help. But, if it’s something more dangerous/mean-spirited, he’ll point it out to the person, trying to persuade them to be more careful/more empathetic, etc. The worst case scenario is that he avoids the other person unless he has to be around them.

12. How do they feel about kids?: He likes kids a lot! But, he doesn’t know how to interact with them. Uuh, you want candy? Play a game? Take a nap? What do kids like? And, how do you deal with them when they start crying?!

  Misc. Questions

1. What’s their shoe size?: Usually, men’s size 10

2. What is their favorite sleeping position?: On his back with arms folded on his chest, like a dead person.

3. What’s their favorite dish to make?: Potato, Shirasu, & Natto Oyaki , and Shio-konbu and Shirasu Rice Balls. The oyaki recipe is mainly for infants, but he still likes it.

4. Do they have any allergies?: No

5. Can they dance?: HA no

6. What smell(s) do they hate the most?: paint remover, gasoline, and strong disinfectant

7. What sound(s) do they hate the most?: squeaky machinery, the squeak that styrofoam makes, his father’s “disappointed” sigh, and the sick/sad noises his mother made when she was sick

8. Do/Would they wear makeup?: He doesn’t wear makeup, but would with some convincing.

9. Right or left handed?: Left

10. How do others usually see him?: Based purely on physical appearance, others see Tsutsutaka as a delinquent of some kind. Once you get to know him, you discover that he’s really just a chill nerd that likes leather.

11. Do they make good first impressions?: No. Because of his punk aesthetic, and preference for wearing sunglasses, Tsutsutaka looks rather intimidating. His face also naturally rests into a scowl.

[anne-lister-adventures]

Wednesday, 5 March 1840

..

9 40/’’

Dubowka a little Gorod – Good Station House, but too late to stop now – Slumbering and asleep till roused by a stoppage about, before, 5 as I felt by my watch, for our wax light too long – 

The lantern a pother for fixing a light in – The light had jolted out – Put my head out to ask if it was the Station – Nobody answered – All flat, and snow, no House – But soon the plunging of the horses in water and the noise of the men, and the bracking of ice shewed that our Station was on the bursting ice of the Volga – Luckily A-[Ann] was not apparently aware of danger – The servants Kibitka (always following) had avoided the badplace and were on glace ferme 20 or 30 yards to the right and ahead of us – They said our man did not know the road but their man did know of this place – No danger because plenty of thickness of ice beneath! – I doubt this – We were luckily sufficiently near to the right bank to be not over deep water – One of the horses sunk almost overhead – I think his feet were on the ground – Luckily the ice on which the carriage rested did not give way so as to let the water get inside – Gross came to us and advised our not getting out as he had got up to the knees in water – 

We took their horses and were at last after 10 minutes or more skewed round on to fine ice, and pursued our way without further désagrément to Pitschouga good Station House and, at a little distance, the village and neat little white church steep ravine-pitch again down upon our Volga – I desired we might not go на волга (Na Volga, on the Volga) again in the right, but nothing against it, supposing they could see their way, in the day time – 

Alight at Tzarizine at 9 35/’’ – 3 good neat white churches in a line on the height above the Volga – Largeish Gastinoi Dvor and square full of Drovni and people and hay and stuff  (Drovni is I suppose plural and only employed in the plural vide Heard’s Grammar p.[page] 66 at the top сани one of the larger sledges and Drovi the smaller sledges) one or 2 goodish looking largeish houses (offices or inhabited by Government Employés) and all the rest log or board houses – Largeish shabbyish looking villagy town – 

View of Tsaritsyn (today’s Volgograd) before 1917.

28 v.[versts] to Sarepta ∴[therefore] stop to breakfast – A little room to ourselves more than we had at the large good Station House (private house – No Eagle – Not belonging to Government) at Ust Salah vide p.[page] 56 – But still our Station House here (Tzariztine) is not a very spruce looking place – No Semovar – Glad of our own – ‘What, said A-[Ann], a fortified Town and no Semovar!’ 

Off at 11 20/’’, and in going down the steep ravine to the Volga, pass (right) part of a thick Pierre de Taille (calcarious sandstone?) low wall, cracked and probably partly let down by the washing over the water – A small remain of the old fortress or fortification – No appearance of fortifications nor need for them now – all along, on, the Volga, apparently about midway the river – The effect of the sun on the snow in many places, was singularly beautiful – It looked like fine white glistening spun glass, or mother of pearl – 

Nothing seen of Sarepta from the river except 2 or 3 common cottages and a few trees – Could not believe we were so near the place – No church dome or clocher – No picturesque line of houses stretching along the higher ground – Drove up steepish pitch (but the ravine less deep and picturesque than on the opposite bank) and soon in the neat, little comfortable, well built, partly stone, partly board, town of Sarepta – Our comfortable Auberge in a large square into which several little streets open – The very neat clean church is on the opposite side the square – Its small clocher with one little bell rising too little from the centre of the ridged roof to be seen at any great distance – 

Alight at 1 55/’’ having entered the Town under a Schlagbaum barrier a relic as our Cicerone afterwards told us of the cholera-time – This terrible scourge did not come here and many families came and staid here during the time and ∴[therefore] the barriers were put up to keep people away who had not permission to come – Dissatisfied at paying 15/- a day (as at Saratoff) came myself about rooms – Only 3 for us – The girl said 1/- per day each but did not know – The master said 5/- a day! for the 3 – Took them and soon settled and comfortable – Taking the best room for ourselves and leaving the 2 others for the servants – Both rooms good – One of them nearly if not quite as large as ours but looking to the courtyard full of people and cattle and Drovnis &c. like a fair – 

Sarepta in 1810 (Image source).

A civil respectable looking man a tradesman here offered or consented to go about with us – And he came to us out at 2 55/’’ direct to the church after we had been in the church (door open) – Beautifully neat and clean – Benches some with backs some without – Table covered with a black cloth and chair for the clergyman – No appearance of pulpit – An oblong quadrangular room – Organ and loft at one end, and a little corresponding gallery at the other the boarded floor clean enough to eat off – 2 of the largest and best buildings in the Town, and near the church the House of the Brothers, and the Town-house burnt down and only 2 stories of the blueish green coloured, irregular shaped stone, plastered-over walls standing – Want help and money from the head of the Maravian Community at …. near Erfurth in Germany before they can rebuild these houses – People not rich here but live very well – Have no taxes to pay – Are free of everything – 

The 2 singular looking goat-sheep-like white animals we had seen in a little wattled off court, are 2 Caucasian wild goats that were taken here last winter having come so far in search of something to eat – The animals have a very singular head – The male has 2 fluted sharp pointed rather spiral horns about 12 in.[inches] + ? long – The female none – But the face of each is broad with large fat chops and broad fleshed muzzle – Like a broad flabby sheep’s face – The countenance very grave and striking – The animals about the size of a fine 4 or 5 months old calf – 

Our friend took us 1st to to a nice woman, 2 years since from Magdebourg, head of 36 sisters, who knit, and wind silk, (a few mulberry trees and silk-worms here) and work little things which are sent to Moscow Kazan Saratoff Astrakhan so that little to be seen here – A-[Ann] bought a little knitted waist for an infant = 5/- the nicest thing she shewed us was a brown cloth worsted-worked table cover 45/- probably would be quite as cheap at Moscow &c. as here – 

Saw over the house – Sufficiently good and comfortable – Good comfortable kitchen large raised square of boilers perhaps 6 large iron boilers (of 18 or 20 galleries?) in 2 rows, heated by fires underneath like our set-pots – Dine at 12 – Sup at 6 – Large room upstairs where the lady reads family prayers night and morning – Some of the silk a good red or crimson colour – They dye it themselves – There were some girls at the end of this long pile of building knitting – 

Then across the court and past the back of the church to a stocking weaver, a very civil man – Only him and a boy there for some time when our 2 more men came – Perhaps 1/2 dozen stocking looms in the room – All woollen socks or women’s cotton stockings the latter much too small and short in the leg for any but those who garter below the knee and did not wear natural or cork calves – Asked for nightcaps – A-[Ann] bought 1 for Captain Sutherland white with red horizontal stripes 2/20 and I a black with ditto ditto 2/50 both cotton – 

Here we staid perhaps near an hour I asking a multiplicity of questions Gross with us en qualité de Dragoman Allemand – My own German is not yet beyond a few words of speaking and about twice as many of understanding – Herschen a little round grain, like a large mustered seed – Gross has sought in vain for it in the dictionary – Knows not what to call it in English – When the chaff or outside of the grain is taken off, and the little largeish-pin-head-sized yellowish boule de farine is left, it is then used to make Kasha – Vide Káwa, Gruau Cuit, Mille-Feuille (herbe) a mass = 48 to 50 Russian lbs.[pounds] and Herschen per mass sells for 1/- per mass                    

Wheat = 1/80 .. ..                                                                  

Rye = 1/10 to 1/20                                                                

Oats or barley = 1/- to 1/10                          

the rotation of crops in Herschen

Wheat

Rye

Oats or Barley

And the land is left to rest 4 or 5

and then the same rotation as above – The Germans use their manure but the Russians let the river wash it away because they are too idle to put it on the land – And as the land will produce the 4 crops as above after 4 or 5 years rest, and there is plenty of land to allow of this system; there is no absolute need of a better system – In very good years 10 mass yield 123 mass or 123/10 = 12 3/10 say at most 12 1/2 to 13 fold -  In middling years _____________ 40 to 50 mass = 4 or 5 fold - In very bad years _______ will not yield itself again = sometimes nothing – The best cows, from Odessa                                                                          

1 good, the best, from 120/- to 150/-

1 ditto of this country (hereabouts) 40/- to 50/-      

good fresh butter per lb.[pound] -/50 to -/60

Beef - -/14

Mutton .. -/14

Bacon .. -/15

Cheese made by a German farmer near Saratoff -/50 to -/60 per lb.[pound]

New milk per Stoff = 1 English quart? -/5

Cream .. ..          ______________ -/50

The baths which nobody knew anything about at Saratoff or Ust Salah (or Tzaritzine, nothing to be learnt there at the Station House) are 7 v.[versts] from here on the road to Tzarizine and one v.[verst] from the high road – Our Cicerone did not know of them having any name – Never heard them called d’Ecatherine vide Dictionary of Geography vol.[volume] 2 article Saratoff p.[page] 187 ‘Eaux Minerales d’Ecatherine, qui se trouvent près de Tzaritzine’ – But our Magdebourg lady said they were called Gesundt Brun (health spring) and that several people still go there in the summer – There is one house there – A great many people used to go there formerly – When I 1st mentioned baths our Cicerone immediately said they were in the Cavcase – Stavropol – Pettigorsk – These and the Bains de Boue in the Crimea seem to be all the baths of any present name in Russia – On inquiring for the great Salt Lake, and if there was a road from here to it (Lake Ilton) 300 v.[versts] from here – 

Calmucks here – 50 Kibitkas – 50 families – A priest Gillon (Ghillon) and more of these people (pagans) 60 or 70 v.[versts] from here – The great encampment about 100 v.[versts] from Astrakhan, North East – Had best go to it from A-[Astrakhan] the Calmucks pay no taxes except to their own Prince – The Kibitkas just out of the Town here – Nearer to the river, northwards – All near together – 

We went into 2 of them – A man and his wife and daughter and little boy in one, and a couple of women in the other – But each had a little wood (board) door painted green beside the felt curtain that hung over the little entrance thro’ which we crept – About 3 ft.[feet] high by 2 ft.[feet]? wide – Literally a ground floor – The man was lying on his bed opposite the door – The little fire in the centre, the smoke escaping thro’ the circular opening of perhaps 2 ft.[feet] diameter – All the tents those of the lower order and apparently of the same size about 5 yards or something more? diameter – Would take down in 1/2 hour – Good strong felt – 1st I ever saw – The mainstay of the tent seems to be the diamond trellis about 3 ft.[feet] high – Of sticks about an inch in diameter – That forms as it were the skirting board, and to which all the rafter-sticks (thick and not more than 1 1/2 in.[inch] diameter) are tied – And tied likewise to a hoop at the top which forms the chimney –

All the sticks of the trellis I am not certain that there were any uprights the people in dirty Shubes women too the latter only distinguishable by their gold ear-rings and long black in 2 long tresses reaching down to the hip, and the top 1/2 in a sort of case, or like dark dirty cotton velvet long narrow bag – A little queer something or the hair itself towards the bottom made a little thin round queue, with a few thin longer-than-the-rest hairs finishing the whole in a point – The faces of the people resembling all the types I have seen of the Mongoli – Small dark rather sunk eyes highish cheekbones and rather tapering chins – smoke brown complexions – Good white teeth – 

Portrait of woman from Kalmykia. (c. 1810)  Reference: CLARKE, Edward Daniel. Travels in various countries of Europe, Asia and Africa by Edward Daniel Clarke LL.D. Part the First. Russia Tatary and Turkey, London, Printed for T. Cadell and W. Davies, 1810. (Image Source)

I thought the people dirty as they were, so much less ugly than I expected, that I asked our Cicerone to tell one the women I thought her handsome – She grinned her satisfaction – The urchin of a boy (Æt [aetatis] 4 to 6) was sitting over the fire with his face bloated and smoke red and his eyes almost buried, but said to be quite well – 

From the Kibitkas (Yourtes?) to the cattle shed – A long, good, wattled, straw-thatched shed, full of Calmuch sheep, some dark brown some white, with a Tail the whole breadth of the 2 buttocks (whole breadth of the seat) and about 6 in.[inches] long a soft, squeezable, moveable, cushiony mass of fat – The sheep as large as a large South down – A tallish, large, well made large thick nosed sheep – These are the sheep which furnish the families Shubes which when really black (not dyed like ours) are very excellent things – The wool is rather of a hairy nature – The animals are thus kept up and fed on hay from the Steppes (looked nice and fresh coloured, but coarseish) during the severe cold – They all looked healthy – 

It began to snow a little before we went to the Kibitkas – (Yourtes) – Then passed the good houses of the Horloger часы Clock-maker with neat little garden before it – And the Coppersmith’s close upon the street – All the houses tidy – Then to the Bread-baker’s – Bought some nice little ring-cakes, and another sort of spiced slice hard of little cake with almonds in it – He had no white bread left – The clock and watchmaker here gains a very good living – The Coppersmith, the Baker, the everybody – Plenty of work – 400 inhabitants – It seems they do not farm – The Russians grow the corn of which we got samples yesterday – But some of the families make butter ∴[therefore] they keep cows – And everybody seems to have a sort of farm courtyard as in general in Russia –

A Kalmyk, or as Anne calls it, Calmuck encampment.

Came in at 5 3/4 – Dinner ordered at 5 – Sat down to it at 6 20/’’ – Very good dinner and enjoyed it – Good cinnamoned soup with white tender chicken in it – pigeons? cut in 2 and nicely done (baked?) they passed for game with A-[Ann] and good potatoes cut into 2 and browned and in the dish with the birds – And a salad very pretty and good dressed – With vinegar and sugar Red and white cabbage cut into very fine shreds and well mixed 1/2 and 1/2 – Think of this for a pretty salad for home – And an excellent little dish of rice browned and cinnamoned over – And preserved plums and apples on our little dish to eat with the birds of which we had 3 ate 2 and put one away in our casserole – No tea – 

Fine day but cold wind – Snowing a little between 4 and 5 p.m. and George said snowing this evening

Br[ou]ght ov[e]r fr[om] p.[page] 56  .           .                            266 1/2 + 26      

Volga a.m. 12 38/’’ to 3 10/’’ Sanodnoy to Dubowka (Gorod)           24            

D[itt]o .. .. 4 to 6 33/60 D-[Dubowka] to Pitschouga                          20 1/2  

Br[eak]f[a]st [ditt]o .. .. 6 57/’’ to 9 35/’’ P-[Pitschouga] to Tzarizine (Gorod)       28 1/2      

D[itt]o .. ... 11 20/’’ to 1 55/’’ p.m. T-[Tzarizine] to Sarepta                28

                                                                                                     367 1/2

                                                                                                          26

                                                                                                      393 1/2

[symbols in left margin of the page:]         +

[in the margin of the page:]            Plunge in the Volga

[in the margin of the page:]             Tzarizine. Sani and Drovni

[in the margin of the page:]            vide p.[page] 56

[in the margin of the page:]            Sarepta

[in the margin of the page:]            Rooms. Dinner for ourselves (2) 3/50

[in the margin of the page:]            Caucasian wild goats

[in the margin of the page:]            Sarepta

[in the margin of the page:]            Rotation of crops

[in the margin of the page:]            Russian too idle to manure their land

[in the margin of the page:]            Baths near Sarepta

[in the margin of the page:]            Calmucks

[in the margin of the page:]            Calmuck sheep

[in the margin of the page:]            Salad

[in the margin of the page:]            Reaumur 12 3/4º now at 9 35/’’ on our dinner table

Page References: SH:7/ML/E/24/0032  SH:7/ML/E/24/0033  SH:7/ML/E/24/0034

[ivy-williamss]

isn’t that IVY WILLIAMS? yeah that is her, sitting there at the HUFFLEPUFF table with those other SEVENTH years and i think i heard sybill saying they look like SARAH HYLAND… whoever that is! when she looks into her crystal ball she sees a handful of glitter being released into the air, a tiny warrior wielding a bat and a dangerous smile, laughter that makes your belly ache and tears you can’t wipe away fast enough to save your mascara, a family with many branches - every one of them with something to scream about, a trio in yellow tucked into the corner of the room surveying their kingdom, a pair of girls so close that even death couldn’t separate them - and she tried, a dangerously wobbly pile of vinyl records, sundresses and stilettos, a can do attitude, a shoulder to lean on, and a heart large enough to hold the world.  anyway i’ve heard they’re pretty SHARP, SWEET and VIBRANT. apparently they’re a HALFBLOOD but i;m sure that’s not related --

→ NAME: adelyn ivy addison williams jnr → NICKNAMES: ivy, glitter girl, addy → AGE / D.O.B.: 18 / 7 january 1959 → SPECIES: halfblood witch → GENDER / PRONOUNS: cisfemale / she&her → SEXUALITY: open to love in all it’s multifaceted glory, but prefers men

FAMILY → PARENTS: steve williams, 38, division head, accidental magic reversal. adelyn greengrass, 37,                             housewife, but always busy - charities, hogwarts pta, whatever → SIBLINGS: alice none → COUSINS:   alice, andrew, elsie, abigail, barty (ew) → PETS: clyde, long-eared owl she received for becoming quidditch captain, year five

LIFESTYLE → BORN: manchester, engalnd → RAISED: manchester, england → CURRENT RESIDENCE: hogwarts castle / manchester → NATIONALITY: english → SPOKEN LANGUAGES: english and french → OCCUPATION: student, quidditch captain and beater, hufflepuff wine aunt,  → DRINK | SMOKE | DRUGS: occasionally, occasionally, occasionally → RELIGION: god is a woman and heaven is whatever you want to be - but you shouldn’t need                           a god to tell you you need to be a good person.

PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES → FACE CLAIM: sarah hyland → ETHNICITY: caucasian → HEIGHT: 5ft. 3 in. → WEIGHT: 110 lbs → BUILD: petite and proportional, toned muscles → HAIR: medium brown hair, usually curled, falls below her chest → EYE COLOR: green → DOMINANT HAND: right → SCENT: sweet pea and peonie → NERVOUS HABITS: paces, crosses and uncrosses her legs, start stops a thousand sentences, tears up

CHARACTER → MORAL ALIGNMENT: chaotic good → MBTI:  → WESTERN ZODIAC: capricorn → SONG: belter - gerry cinnamon

MAGIC → WAND: blue spruce, phoenix feather, 10 1/4", swishy → PATRONUS: st bernard → BOGGART:  with her tendency to tackle everything head on (after a breakdown and a lot of crying) ivy’s fears are much more to do with her own nature and her family’s tendency to drive those they love away. typically, her boggarts change and the last emotional event she experienced will guide the change, but the most frequent tends to be a separation from alice, a permanent one - a fight that drives her away, and, most recently, her death, after the attack on nye.

BIO

most people forget that ivy is a halfblood - she doesn’t go out of her way to correct them, either, but the topic rarely comes up, and she has a soft, easy existence. raised in the same pureblood society as her cousins - thanks to her mother’s continued good standing in the community, the greengrass in her dominates the williams line, and ivy, as a result, is almost exactly what her aunt wanted in a daughter...if she weren’t tainted

her aunt causes a lot of strife in the family, actually, and so does her own mother. the greengrass triplets (adelyn, aurelia and adrian) are still separated, but their children, the would-be next gen triplets, are not - and the girls are a little too like their mothers. andrew is their main peacekeeper, like his father before him. 

as a child in manchester, she attended (private) muggle primary and played field hockey (and rugby, for two weeks, before her mother figured it out)

she’s been a beater on the hufflepuff team since her third year - and her sparkly bedazzled bat is her signature

she became the captain at the start of her 5th year, weaseled alice into joining the team “temporarily” and was thrilled to see her for try outs in their 6th year. they’re an unstoppable team - on and off the field

ivy loves to bake and she’ll use any excuse to make you some cookies

everything she owns is covered in glitter

e v e r y t h i n g

she almost always looks like she’s going to a party - and a lot of times..she is

she’s the president of the manchester chapter of the burt reynolds fan club - and has a framed autographed headshot in the dorm

do not get glitter bombed by ivy - she is every bit as petty as she is sweet, and vindictive to boot

idk

ivy is ivy

she’s just ivy

im gonna shut up now

ay ay ivy

[conifersgarden]

[spookiernigga-blog]

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It's Freedella Dé Vil bitch & this week on Trap Gardening we talk about how you can spruce up your dusty trap house or season your caucasian home with the Majesty Palm, which can heal AND kill. 🌴🦂 (at The Ghetto Garden) https://www.instagram.com/p/BxnKbBwF12_/?igshid=1hwa2nur0qkwd

[balillee]

what about a type of tree for a name? like spruce or oak or smth

oh now that sounds caucasian. we're definitely getting there

[jules-hoard-of-stuff]

Jules Staufferson

(Yes, this is a self insert. I've never made one before, and this is the first time I've attempted anything like this. So please, bear with me.)

Jules is a genderflux individual who generally goes by they, but can go by she or he on a particularly feminine or masculine day. They bind on male days, and spruce themselves up on female days, but mostly just remain themselves.

Jules is.. larger. About 235 pounds, they're chubby with wide hips and a larger chest. AFAB, and sometimes not very happy to be, but they make do. They don't care for anyone who immediately considers them female just because of their chest, and they make a bit of a point to stay gender neutral.

They have chin length brown hair, in waves unless they find a way to straighten it, in a pony tail if they can't. Caucasian skin, american descent. Their face is covered in acne scars from constantly trying to get rid of them in highschool. They don't mind this as much as their dark circles from insomnia.

Jules is a Void light Warlock, but... it's not often they fight. Not even on Striker missions or in Crucible games. Instead, they help out as much as they can at home, doing odd jobs for people, and trying their best to contribute.

They have several diagnosed mental illnesses, the main ones being aspergers, anxiety, depression and ADD. This causes them to forget things easily, including what they've been doing for whole hours, and adjusting to their new life does have them breaking down often. They need a support system, and fast.

Jules is a bit fragile, taking most things to heart even if said in jest. They can often be found trying to improve themselves and the lives of others, but need to be stopped if they push themselves too far.

Jules and Crypt are very very close, and they are good friends. They keep each other company, as they both are introverts and somewhat of loners. It helps that they both enjoy some of the same things, and generally feel the same about crowds and loud noises.

Jules has a very big heart. They will go out of their way to try and make you feel accepted and cared for, and they will listen to your troubles if you need a shoulder to lean on, offering advice if they feel you might need some. They try their hardest to make everyone who tells them about their troubles feel valid and cared about.

They like soft music, plush toys, warm things, knit clothing, and cooking.

They are lonely sometimes, and wish they had the courage to ask for others' company when they needed it.

When they have a bad anxious episode, they tend to accidentally lash out using their light as a reflexive reaction. They've gotten a lot better at doing this, but it can be hard sometimes.

[blueguitars]

Just in!! @red_guitars FUJII GUITARSのルシアー藤井圭介氏が当社ショップオーダーの納品でご来店いただきました。Topはイーストヨーロピアンとも言えるコーカシアンスプルース、Side&Backはホンジュラスマホガニー。Backには通称Fiddlebackと言われる細かな杢が美しい方向で贅沢に木取りされている希少材をセレクト。共に藤井氏と山田で選定した木材を使用して製作していただきました。ノンカッタウェイのDサイズならではのダイナミック感にFUJII GUITARSならではの繊細さが交わり、これでしかなし得ない価値観となっています。ぜひ店頭にてお試しいただきたいと思います。※姉妹店のRed Guitarsにて展示販売となります。 FUJII GUITARS 　 D Caucasian Spruce/Honduras Mahogany(Fiddleback) https://store.mpc-web.jp/redguitars/products/detail/17298 𝖡𝗅𝗎𝖾 𝖦𝗎𝗂𝗍𝖺𝗋𝗌 𝖧𝗂𝗋𝗈 𝖸𝖺𝗆𝖺𝖽𝖺 𝖮𝗇𝗅𝗂𝗇𝖾 𝖲𝗍𝗈𝗋𝖾 - 𝖶𝖾 𝗌𝗁𝗂𝗉 𝗐𝗈𝗋𝗅𝖽𝗐𝗂𝖽𝖾 𝖫𝗂𝗇𝗄 𝗂𝗇 𝖻𝗂𝗈. @blue_guitars https://store.mpc-web.jp/blueguitars/ #blueguitarstoyama #blueguitars #toyama #japan #guitar #guitarra #chitarra #guitarporn #guitarsdaily #guitaristsofinstagram #instaguitar #guitarlife #guitarist #guitarplayer #electricguitar #acousticguitar #boutiqueguitar #guitarlove #iloveguitar #gear #geartalk #guitarshop #mpcstore #ブルーギターズ #富山 #ギター #redguitarstakaoka #レッドギターズ #fujiiguitars #luthier (Blue Guitars) https://www.instagram.com/blue_guitars/p/CYk0WrBvbqy/?utm_medium=tumblr

[acousticguitar999]

^^#@! Parlor - Russian acoustic Guitar. Solid of Caucasian spruce, maple. Doff https://ift.tt/2WEoV1g

[juniperpublishers-agriculture]

Pine Forest on Tree-Line Ecotone in the Mountain Kazbegi in the Georgia (South Caucasus)-Juniper Publishers

A widely distributed species of the pine in Georgia is - Pinus kochiana in the Caucasus Mountains. Central Great Caucasus higher is 5047m of Mt. Kazbegi and many summits are higher than 4000m. Caucasian pine from 300 to 2600m above of alpine tree line ecotone. Caucasian Pinus kochiana is on slopes from 784-2417m. Forest degradation will be activated to climate change in alpine zone and forest restoration is for protection of the environment. Other, planted pine species are migrated from Russia in Georgia in 1970s and this is mainly Pinus sylvestris. Pinus kochiana is synonym and accepted name is Pinus sylvestris var. hamata Steven. Other synonym names of this species are Pinus sosnowskyi, Pinus caucasica, Pinus hamata, Pinus kochiana var. parviflora, Pinus sylvestris subsp. kochiana, Pinus sylvestris var. kochiana. Forests occupy 32-35% of the territory of Georgia. The riparian and marsh forests occur in all regions of Georgia. The number of chromosomes in Pinus kochiana was precisely reported as 2n=24 and no mutation has been found. Forests were destroyed and burned by Kazbegi district during the wars in old centuries. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is planted in degraded areas. Flowering period of this species is April-May and seeds are matured in September-October. Caucasian pine rock scree forest is distributed on the slopes of rocky southern exposition dry ecotone or limestone layers.

Keywords: Pinus; Subalpine; Forests; Synonym; Accepted

    Introduction

Georgia covers an area of 69 494 km2. Forests cover are mountain forests spread from the lower mountain belt up to the tree line ecotone the highest summits of the Caucasus. Elevation range of the Caucasus Greater Mountains varies from sea level to 5633m of Mt. Elbrus. Western Great Caucasus in Georgia has a highest peak 5068m of Mt. Shkhara and Central Great Caucasus higher is 5047m of Mt. Kazbegi and many summits are higher than 4000m [1,2]. Thus, the alpine and subalpine belts are here much wider, and the possibilities for high mountain forest growth and diversity are greater. In addition to their ancient isolation, the differences within their high mountain forest have also been influenced by the following factors. Forest degradation will be activated to climate change in alpine zone and forest restoration is for protection of the environment. It presents a great variety of widely contrasting landscapes due to geological, geomorphological, hydrological, climate and soil conditions and frequently alternating and ranging from subtropical forests to Desert Steppes from Black Sea to the east. The western region Kolkhis has a subtropical climate, with a warm winter. In sharp contrast to this region is eastern and southern Georgia with a nearly continental climate. The vegetation in Kolkhis is represented by wetlands, forests and even dense subtropical forests, in high mountains (western and eastern Georgia) tree line ecotone and alpine meadows followed by the nival ecotone are representative; southern Georgia is covered by secondary mountain steppes occupied area of primary forests growing in this area in the past; arid and semi-arid vegetation is widely spread in the eastern Georgia. Most typical of these include semi-deserts (with desert spots), steppes, vegetation of dry canyons, hemixerophilic shrub lands, foothill deserts, and dry open woodlands [3,4].

A widely distributed species of the pine in Georgia is - Pinus kochiana Klotz. ex K. Koch. (synonyms Pinus hamata, Pinus sosnowskyi). Accepted species is Pinus sylvestris var. hamata Steven. Caucasian pine (Pinus kochiana) composed in the mountains from 300 to 2600m above of alpine tree line ecotone. Forests were destroyed and burned by Kazbegi district during the wars in old centuries. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is planted in degraded areas. Caucasian pine is distributed on the slopes of rocky southern exposition. Scots pine grows in different slopes. These two pine species have the same 6 ectomycorrhizal fungal species and can growing in similar soils. In west Georgia it is mixed with coniferous forests, the pure stand is only in rocky locations. Vertical borders on the distribution of the pine forest are from 700 to 2400 meters a.s.l.. Optimum conditions for the distribution are at the altitude of 1000-2200 meters. In certain places pine is found at the altitude of 2500-2600 meters. The pine grows both on limestone and volcanic layers. The pine rocky forest is especially distinguished in terms of the great variety of species [5].

The pine forest of limestone on Tetrobi-Chobareti range (1800-2000 meters) is characterized by a slightly different composition. Earlier the pine distribution here was considered as endemic Pinus kochiana, whereas a more widely distributed was called “Sosnowski pine” (Pinus sosnowskyi). At the moment they are considered as one species. However, the Tetrobi pine forest according to the composition is considered as a peculiar refugium where pine is mixed with mountain steppes. In this community overall 48 species of vascular plants are represented. The following species of herbaceous plants are associated with Pinus kochiana: Steven arenaria - Arenaria steveniana, Sosnowski chickweed - Cerastium sosnowskyi, Voronov minuartsia - Minuartia woronowii, caryophylaceae campion - Silene dianthoides, Sosnowski houseleek - Sempervivum sosnowskyi, astragalus - Astragalus arguricus, A. campylosema, Javakheti lucerne - Medicago dzhawakhetica, sun rose - Helianthemum nummularium, H. orientale, Transcaucasian Daphne - Daphne transcaucasica, prickly thrift - Acantholimon glumaceum, hogweed - Heracleum antasiaticum, bedstraw - Galium grusinum, cornflower - Centaurea bella, hawksbread - Crepis pinnatifida, grapevine hyacinth - Muscari sosnowskyi, etc. This phytosenosis is quite rich with endemic species that are mainly common on the limestones of the tetrobi plateau. Diphelypaea coccinea (the blooming parasite) and asphodelo - Asphodeline taurica need to be mentioned especially [6,7].

These range from the obvious timber to mushrooms, berries and edible plants that have become more important for rural populations during economic hardship. From soil and watershed protection to recreation, tourism, and the existence value associated with the conservation of biological and landscape diversity of forests. Pine forests yield excellent construction and carpentry timber, fuel, tar, resin, pitch, black or marine tar, carbon black, turpentine, essential turpentine oil, and colophony.

    Materials and Methods

Caucasian pine trees growing in slopes with all exposition and are oriented as well on high inclination till 900. Natural habitat of this species is oriented on rocks and as well on other slopes with different geological rocks. The elevation is from 0 to 2100m a.s.l. Caucasian pine tree up to 35m tall and only to 15-20m high in Kazbegi high mountain areas. Snow cover is <0.3m. Sunny edge is low on North Slope; dappled shade is more not only on North Slope: North Wall, East Wall, and West Wall. Suitable for: light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in nutritionally poor soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils and can grow in very acid and very alkaline soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers dry moist or wet soil and can tolerate drought. The plant can tolerate maritime exposure. It can tolerate atmospheric pollution.

Plant material

Forests occupy 32-35% of the territory of Georgia. The riparian and marsh forests occur in all regions of Georgia. Mountain forests are represented by lower, middle and upper belts. Oak, beech (Fagus orientalis) and beech to chestnut forests grow in the lower and middle belts changing higher in the mountains into the Caucasian fir (Abies nordmanniana) and Oriental spruce (Picea orientalis) forests. Pinus kochiana, Acer trautvetteri or Quercus macranthera grow at tree line ecotone in different regions. There are also well-developed crooked stem birch forests (Betula litwinowii) in the tree line, usually occupying the steepest northern slopes. Dry open woodlands relict forests are to be found in semi-arid regions of the eastern Georgia and are composed by Pistacia mutica, Juniperus spp., Pyrus spp., etc. Methodology Forested land in Georgia occupies 2.773.400ha. About 2.2 million ha are classified as state forest under the responsibility of the Department of Forest Management (DFM) and the remaining consists of former “Kolkhoz lands” part of which are now in the process of being transferred to the DFM [8]. About 98% of forest is located on the mountain slope. There are about 400 species in forests, among them are: trees 153, high shrubs 202, low shrubs 29, and lianas 11. Conifers are 11 species belonging to three families Pinaceae (4), Taxaceae (1) and Cupressaceae (6). 81% of total forest area is occupied by broad-leaved forests of Beech, Georgian and high mountain oak, hornbeam, chestnut, ash, maple etc. 19% is coniferous forest composed by Caucasian fir (8.5%), Oriental spruce (5.8%), Caucasian and Bichvinta pines (4.7%), yew and juniper species.

Approximately 208.000ha of forest areas were included in the Protected Areas, which amounts to 7.5% of the total forest area of Georgia. According to the “Forest Code of Georgia” a number of forest categories are subjected to some restrictions, which allow us to consider them as Protected Areas. The calculated area of “protected forest categories” (resort, green zone, steep slope, tree line and riparian forests belong to the corresponding IUCN categories; V, V-VI, IV-V, IV-V, IV-V) amounts to 1.113.130ha, which is almost 15.9% of Georgia’s territory.

Statistical analyses

The analysis was performed using the software packages SPSS v.16.0 for Windows and Statistical 6.0. We used ANOVA (p<0.05) post hoc range test to investigate whether the average soil T °C, minimum soil T °C, June minimum T °C and GDD changed in the 1m x 1m quadrates from 2012 to 2018. We used Canonical Component Analysis (CCA) of the species cover in 1m x 1m permanent plots and Dominance Curves test of PCORD. 5 statistic program in order to test the species composition and determine dominant species on each summit. The species are ranked by cover and abundance.

Results and Discussion

Georgian pine species

Pinus kochiana Klotzsch ex K. Koch is a species of the Caucasus Mountains and this is synonym from other same (Table 1) and it is related to the Scots pine group with accepted name as Pinus sylvestris var. hamata Steven. Other synonym names of this species are Pinus sosnowskyi, Pinus caucasica, Pinus hamata, Pinus kochi ana var. parviflora, Pinus sylvestris subsp. kochiana, Pinus sylvestris var. kochiana. Coniferous forest has 19% territories and composed by 8.5% of Caucasian fir (Abies nordmanniana), 5.8% of Oriental spruce (Picea orientalis), and 4.7% of and Bichvinta (Pinus pityusa) pines. Coniferous forests mainly composed in the Western Georgia of fir, spruce and The Central and Eastern Great Caucasus contains only Caucasian pine and some species of Cupressaceae. The number of chromosomes was precisely reported as 2n=24 and no mutation has been found. It is the species related to the European pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). P. sylvestris is located in north areas of the Europe and Asia and it has many subspecies and varieties. However, P. sylverstris has different number of chromosomes – 2n=18; 24; 25; 36; 48. It is used as planted tree and it is used for multiplication in nursery which might be used by chromosome number change. Morphologically P. kochiana has different structure of cones (Figure 1A & 1B) to P. sylvestris (Figure 2A & 2B). Therefore, it might be remained as other species. Caucasian pine tree grows till 35 m in the subalpine zone and leaves stiff, straight or slightly curved, mucronate, glaucescent, 3-7cm long and 1-2mm broad; male cones dense, ovoid-conical, the scales slightly denticulate on the margin; ovulate cones solitary or in 2’s-4’s, at first green, turning reddish-brown, at length brownish-gray, ovaloid/ spherical, recurved, lustrous, 1.5-5.5cm long and 2-4cm broad at base; epiphysis subrhombic, rugose, flat or pyramidal, the umbo of scales on the illuminated side of the cone produced into a hooked spine; seeds 4-5mm long, the wing 13-15mm long and 4-5mm broad.

Coniferous forest areas

Caucasian pine from 300 to 2600m above of alpine tree line ecotone. Caucasian Pinus kochiana is on slopes from 784-2417m (Table 2). The area of its common distribution is Caucasus, Crimea and western part of small Asia, Ponto mountains. In Georgia pine forests are mainly common in the mountains. The pine grows in Kazbegi District on rocks of volcanic layers. The pine rocky forest is especially distinguished in terms of the great variety of species. Caucasian pine rock scree forest is distributed on the slopes of rocky southern exposition dry ecotone or limestone layers. Forested land in Georgia occupies 2.837.900 ha which is a 43.18% of Georgian territory (69494 km2). About 98% of forest is located on the mountain slopes. 81% of total forest area is occupied by broadleaved forests of beech (Fagus orientalis), Georgian and Caucasian oak (Quercus iberica, Q. macranthera), hornbeam (Carpinus caucasica), chestnut (Castanea sativa), ash (Fraxinus excelsior), maples (Acer spp.), etc. North Ridge Mountains of the Central Great Caucasus mainly created with crooked steam forests/elfin woods of birch species (Betula litwinowii, B. raddeana, etc.) Caucasian oak and pine are on south and eastern slopes as subalpine forest till alpine tree line.

Native subalpine pine forest

The pine forests are widely distributed in the Caucasus Mountains. The forests of Kazbegi National Park are located on steep slopes (4790ha). Birch forest is covered in 2595ha and native subalpine pine forest (369ha) is located in protected area of north ridge of Central Great Caucasus. 105 species of wood plants can be found in these forests. Dominant species of the subalpine pine forest is Caucasian pine (Pinus kochiana) distributed in many areas of Georgia. Other trees are Quercus macranthera, Fagus orientalis, Juniperus spp. etc. Mountain pine forests of relatively dry ecotones can be found almost everywhere within the distribution area of P. kochiana. It is best to sow the seed in individual pots in a cold frame as soon as it is ripe if this is possible otherwise in late winter. A short stratification of 6 weeks at 4 °C can improve the germination of stored seed. Plant seedlings out into their permanent positions as soon as possible and protect them for their first winter or two. Plants have a very sparse root system and the sooner they are planted into their permanent positions the better they will grow. Trees should be planted into their permanent positions when they are quite small, between 30 and 90cm. We actually plant them out when they are about-10cm tall. So long as they are given very good weed excluding much, they establish very well larger trees will check badly and hardly put on any growth for several years. This also badly affects root development and wind resistance. Cuttings. This method only works when taken from very young trees less than 10 years old. Use single leaf fascicles with the base of the short shoot. Disbudding the shoots some weeks before taking the cuttings can help. Cuttings are normally slow to grow away.

Reproduction and growth characteristics

Caucasian pine tree with whorled branches and two types of shoots: Long shoots appearing in spring and becoming woody, and dwarf shoots growing from the axils of scale-like leaves and also bearing scale-like and true acicular leaves, in clusters of two, three, or five. Caucasian pine has crown wide, twigs spreading and directed upright. Bark dark greyish dark browns or dark browns. Needles greyish-green, margins fringed, 3.5-5 or 5-8cm long, to two, rarely to three of tree. Leaves in clusters of two or three; Male cone is round or oblong-cylindrical, clustered into globose or broadly ovoid racemes. Male strobilus develops at the base of young long shots in the axils of scale leaves. Female cones woody, maturing in two to three years, bract scales coriaceous, shorter than the broad ovuliferous scales; seeds winged, less often nutlike, wingless. Female cones opening at seed maturity; mature female cones 3-7cm long, dull, light brown or gray 6 seeds winged 4. Seed cones ovate, solitary, pink brown or yellowish when mature, glossy, directed horizontally or upright. Seed scales with pyramidal and hooked apophysis. Seed obovate, acute, 4.5mm long, wing with brown stripes. Needles persisting for four to eight years, yellowing in winter, 3-3.5 cm long; cones 3-3.5cm long. Flowering period of this species is April-May and seeds are matured in September- October. It forms woods forests or grows as single trees on rocks, reaches tree line.

Forest degradation and restoration

The degradation of qualitative consistence and productivity of the forest lead to the reduction and sometimes even caused loss in the functionality of forests. Forest area was diminished in the Kazbegi district due to anthropogenic factors such as fires, cutting of trees, and uncontrolled grazing. Forests were destroyed and burned by Kazbegi district during the wars in old centuries. As a result, avalanches and landslides are happening quite often in the mountainous regions. They are mainly located on steep slopes of Great and Minor Caucasus where the access is restricted. The loss of diversity and changes in species composition in forests is mainly a result of anthropogenic influence. Therefore, the degraded forest should be restored, and climate change will be ended. Other, planted pine species are migrated from Russia in Georgia in 1970s and this is mainly Pinus sylvestris L. and some other individuals’ P. nigra subsp. pallasiana (D. Don) Holmboe. These planted species are in all regions, from the subarctic to the forest steppe zone, it forms pure pine forests in the mountains, on sandy soils of the plains and mixed forests on loamy soils and podzols

Conclusion

Caucasian pine forms forests or grows as single trees on rocks. They occur on skeletal and poorly developed soils of prominent southward slopes. These pine forests are characterized by rich and diverse ground vegetation. The pine rocky forest is especially distinguished in terms of the great variety of species. Caucasian pine rock scree forest is distributed on the slopes of rocky southern exposition dry ecotone or limestone layers. These range from the obvious timber to mushrooms, berries and edible plants that have become more important for rural populations during economic hardship. From soil and watershed protection to recreation, tourism, and the existence value associated with the conservation of biological and landscape diversity of forests. P. kochiana pine forests yield excellent construction and carpentry timber, fuel, tar, resin, pitch, black or marine tar, carbon black, turpentine, essential turpentine oil, and colophony. The foliage yields 170 so-called pine- wool and bedding litter; young shoots have medicinal use. The pollen is used in pharmacies as a substitute for lycopodium.

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