#bio culture for wastewater treatment | Explore Tumblr posts and blogs

frp-bio-digester-septictanks · 3 months ago

Text

FRP Bio Digester Septic Tanks : The Next Generation of Wastewater Treatment

Introduction:

Wastewater remedy is an essential part of town infrastructure, specifically as population growth and environmental concerns give a boost to. Traditional septic tanks, frequently applied in rural and suburban areas, had been a considerable answer for treating family wastewater. However, their inefficiencies and environmental effects have spurred the need for more sustainable alternatives. Enter FRP (Fiber-Reinforced Polymer) Bio Digester Septic Tanks, an modern, green solution that guarantees to revolutionize the manner wastewater is dealt with.

It explores the technology, blessings, and destiny potential of FRP Bio Digester Septic Tanks as the next technology of wastewater treatment. From their layout and functioning to environmental advantages, this answer represents a bounce ahead in sustainability.

1. Understand septic tanks: the traditional treatment plant

Historical Overview: Septic tanks have been in use for over a century, traditionally designed to collect and treat shelter through anaerobic digestion. The process depends on microorganisms to break down organic matter in wastewater.

How traditional septic tanks work: Basic principles for drainage treatment, including settlement, anaerobic digestion and drainage release. Limitations in traditional septic tanks: problems such as clogging, maintenance challenges, ineffective treatment and the risk of pollution in groundwater.

2.FRP Bio Digester Septic Tanks & What is FRP?

A brief explanation of fiber -reinforced polymer, a composite material known for its strength, light properties and corrosion resistance.

What does FRP Bio Digester Septic Tanks do differently? How do these tanks integrate advanced technology for better cleaning treatment?

Design features: The structure of a Frp -Bio digester, including its room, microbial culture and filtration system.

The role of anaerobic digestion and aerobic treatment: a breakdown of the processes in the Frp system that improves efficiency.

3. Benefits of Frp Bio Digester Septic Tanks

Durability and longevity: The strength and resistance of Frp materials make these septic tanks long-lasting and maintenance-free.

Corrosion resistance: Unlike concrete or metal tanks, FRP is impermeable to rust, a common issue in traditional septic tanks.

Compact design and flexibility: These systems are designed to be compact, which provides easy installation in residential and commercial areas.

Environmental Benefits:

Less carbon footprints than traditional drainage systems.

Effective waste degradation with fewer harmful by -products.

Minimal sludge production, making them with little maintenance.

Sustainability functions: Use of environmentally friendly materials in production. Zero energy consumption for the treatment process, which ensures sustainability.

4. How to work FRP Bio Digester septic tank

Treatment Process: Early filtration: Raw enters the sewage system, where it is filtered to remove large particles.

Anaerobic digestion: Organic matter breaks in the absence of oxygen by special bacteria.

Aerobic treatment: Some systems integrate an aerobic phase to break the waste, which improves waste quality.

Waste disposal: Clean water is released safely, often suitable for irrigation or safe discharge in the environment.

Microbial culture: The role of germs in digesting waste and how the FRP tank supports a stable microbial ecosystem.

Maintenance and monitoring: How much is the need for minimal maintenance and how users can monitor the performance of the system.

5. Use applications and cases

Residential application: FRP bio digesters how an ideal solution is for homes, especially in areas without centralized wastewater treatment systems.

Commercial and Industrial Applications: Use in hotels, restaurants, hospitals and factories that produce large amounts of waste water.

Rural and remote areas: ideal solutions for small communities or locations limited to sewage infrastructure.

Urban development: Integration of these systems in areas with high density as a part of the smart city initiative.

6. Challenges and ideas

Installation requirements: space, ground position, and other factors that must be considered during the installation process.

Early costs vs. long -term savings: While FRP bio digesters may have more advanced costs, long -term savings in terms of maintenance and water treatment efficiency may overtake these early costs.

Regulatory approval: Understanding the permits and rules required for installation.

Entry and awareness in market: FRP system adoption rate compared to traditional systems

7. Compare FRP bio digestion with other waste water treatment solutions

FRP vs. concrete septic tank: comparison of each strength and weaknesses.

FRP Bio Digester vs. Traditional Septic Tank: How FRP system performs better than traditional septic tanks in efficiency, longevity and environmental impact.

FRP Bio Digester vs. Sewage Treatment Plants (STP): When it is appropriate to use FRP bio digestion on STP on a large scale, a discussion on it.

8. FRP Bio Digester septic tank future

Technical innovation: Possible progress in FRP content and microbial technology that can further increase the efficiency of these systems.

Integration with smart systems: The role of automation and real -time monitoring in system performance adaptation.

Global Adoption: Extension of FRP Bio Digester Technology for emerging markets and developing countries.

Sustainability Trends: Increasing demand for sustainable infrastructure solutions and FRP bio -digestion role in this movement.

With global changes towards permanent waste water management, FRP (fiberglass reinforced plastic) bio -digester septic tanks are emerging as a revolutionary solution for modern hygiene needs. These advanced tanks offer highly efficient, low maintenance and environmentally friendly options for traditional septic systems. Using Anti-bacterial decomposition, FRP bio -digestives break the waste in biogas and treated water, significantly reducing environmental pollution by promoting renewable energy production.

Why waste water treatment requires an upgradation:

Waste water mismanagement today is one of the most pressing environmental issues. According to the United Nations, about 80% of global wastewater is untreated, natural water bodies are contaminated and serious public health leads to concerns. Traditional septic tanks and sewage treatment systems are often expensive, disabled and environmentally harmful. In contrast, FRP Bio Digester septic tanks provide a durable, light and highly efficient solution, making them an ideal option for residential, commercial and industrial applications.

What is a FRP Bio Digester septic tank?

A FRP Bio Digester septic tank is a fiberglass-renovated, utter waste water treatment system that breaks organic waste using special bacterial cultures. Unlike traditional septic tanks, which require frequent disassembles and can cause groundwater contamination, FRP bio digesters can easily turn sewage into harmless waste and biogas, causing manual maintenance and external waste disposal requirement Is.

FRP Bio Digester septic tank key features:

Unlike lightweight and corrosion-resistant-concrete or steel, FRP is non-jungle, weather-resistant and easy to install.

The smell-free operation-controlled anaerobic digestion eliminates the smell from dishonesty, making it ideal for urban environments.

Minimal maintenance - No time and chemical additives are required any time.

Environmentally friendly waste disposal reduces pathogens, prevents groundwater contamination.

Biogas generation - converts organic waste into methane, which can be used for cooking, heating and power generation.

Long-lasting and durable-FRP content ensures a lifetime of over 50 years with minimal wear and tears.

Adaptable Design - According to the various requirements available in various requirements and abilities.

How to work FRP Bio Digester septic tank:

The function theory of a FRP Bio Digester septic tank includes a multi-step anaerobic digestive process:

1. waste collection

Sewage FRP from toilets and drainage systems enters the bio digester tank.

The solid waste is settled on the floor while the liquids move through separate chambers.

2. Anaerobic digestion

Specific anaerobic bacteria break organic materials without oxygen, converting complex waste into simple compounds.

The digestive process removes harmful pathogens and toxins, ensuring safe waste disposal.

3. Biogas formation

Methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) are produced as byproducts.

The collected biogas can be used for energy production, providing an alternative fuel source.

4. waste treatment

Treated wastewater is free from harmful bacteria and organic solids.

It can be discharged in the environment without polluting water bodies or without treatment for irrigation and other uses.

Benefits of FRP Bio Digester Septic Tank on traditional systems:

Traditional septic tanks, although widely used, have several drawbacks, including groundwater contamination, high maintenance costs and inability to treat waste water. In comparison, FRP bio digesters provide important benefits:

1. Environmentally friendly and durable

Fact: Traditional septic tanks often release untreated waste, contributing to water pollution.

FRP bio -digestive pathogens and pollutants eradicate, ensuring the discharge of cleaner water.

2. Low carbon footprint

Facts: Waste decomposition in traditional septic tanks releases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

FRP bio digesters catch and use methane gas, reducing carbon emissions.

3. Minimum maintenance requirements

Fact: Standard septic tanks lead to high operating costs, persistent desludging and maintenance.

FRP bio digesters work for years without the need for manual intervention.

4. Cost effective solution

Fact: The initial installation cost of FRP bio digesters may be slightly higher than in traditional tanks, but long -term savings on maintenance and mud removal make them more economical.

5. Space and light design

Fact: Traditional septic tanks are heavy and difficult to transport.

FRP bio digestion is light, making installation easier and faster.

FRP Bio Digester Septic Tank -Benefit for Industries & Area

FRP Bio Digester septic tank has received applications in various fields:

1. Residential and smart cities

Urban homes and apartment complexes are adopting FRP bio -digestion for rapid efficient waste management.

2. Rural and off-grind region

Ideal for villages, military bases and remote places where traditional sewage infrastructure is unavailable.

3. Educational and healthcare institute

Schools, colleges and hospitals benefit from hygiene and odor-free hygiene.

4. Hospitality and tourism industry

Hotels, resorts and eco-tourism projects use bio digestion to maintain stability.

5. Railway and transportation

Indian Railways has established more than 2.4 lakh bio-digester in train coaches, which demonstrate their effectiveness.

Government initiative and global adoption trends:

1. Clean India Mission of India

The Government of India is promoting bio-master technology as part of its cleanliness and waste management programs.

2. United Nations Sustainable Development Target (SDG)

FRP bio digesters align with SDG 6 (clean water and hygiene) and SDG 7 (inexpensive and clean energy).

3. Stories of global success

Countries such as China, Australia and Germany are integrating bio -digester technology in their waste management policies.

Material

Concrete / Plastic

Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastic (FRP)

Lifespan

10-20 years

50+ years

Maintenance

High (Frequent Sludge Removal)

Minimal (Self-Sustaining System)

Environmental Impact

Groundwater Contamination

Eco-Friendly & Sustainable

Biogas Generation

Yes (Renewable Energy Source)

Odor Control

Poor

Odor-Free

Feature

Traditional Septic Tanks

FRP Bio Digesters

FRP bio -digester septic tanks represent the next generation of waste water treatment by offering a cost -effective, environmentally friendly and low maintenance solution. Their ability to convert waste into biogas, eliminate harmful pathogens and prevent water pollution makes them a significant innovation in permanent hygiene.

With rising global awareness and government support, FRP bio digesters are ready to change traditional septic systems in the coming years. By adopting this technique, home, business and industry can contribute to a cleaner, greenery and more sustainable future.

#EcoFriendlyWasteManagement #FRPBioDigester #FRPTanks

0 notes

taknikinc · 10 months ago

Text

Taknik Inc Wastewater treatment involves physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove contaminants and produce environmentally safe treated wastewater. Here are the basic characteristics of each type of treatment:

Physical Treatment:

Physical treatment methods remove solids and large particles through mechanical means.

1. Screening:

*Removes large debris such as sticks, rags, and plastics.

*Typically the first step in wastewater treatment.

2. Grit Removal:

*Removes sand, gravel, and other heavy particles.

*Prevents damage to downstream equipment.

3. Sedimentation:

*Settles out suspended solids by gravity in sedimentation tanks or clarifier tank

*Sludge is collected from the bottom of the tanks.

Chemical Treatment:

Chemical treatment involves adding chemicals to the wastewater to facilitate the removal of contaminants.

1. Coagulation and Flocculation:

*Chemicals (coagulants) are added to destabilize suspended particles.

*Flocculants cause small particles to clump together into larger aggregates (flocs) that can be more easily removed.

2. Disinfection:

*Chemicals such as chlorine, ozone, or UV light are used to kill or deactivate pathogens.

*Ensures that the treated water is safe for discharge or reuse.

3. pH Adjustment:

*Chemicals such as lime or sulfuric acid are added to adjust the pH of the wastewater.

*Important for optimizing other treatment processes and protecting the environment.

Biological Treatment:

Biological treatment uses microorganisms to degrade organic matter and nutrients in the wastewater.

1. Activated Sludge Process:

*Aeration tanks are used to mix wastewater with a microbial culture (activated sludge).

*Microorganisms consume organic matter, converting it into biomass and carbon dioxide.

2. Trickling Filters:

*Wastewater is distributed over a bed of media where microorganisms form a biofilm.

*As the wastewater passes through the media, the microorganisms degrade organic matter.

4. Anaerobic Digestion:

*Decomposes organic matter in the absence of oxygen, producing bio gas (methane and carbon dioxide).

*Used for sludge treatment and to reduce the volume of organic waste.

visit our site for more details

https://www.taknikinc.com/

#taknikinc #WastewaterTreatment #treatment #sewagetreatmentplant #filtration #engineering #consultant #bharuch #gujarat

0 notes

accessories-2624 · 2 years ago

Text

Unleash your Style with Rittz Accessories: Premier Leather Manufacturers in Chennai

Introduction

Leather manufacturing has a long-standing history and continues to be a sought-after industry due to the durability, versatility, and timeless appeal of leather products. However, concerns about environmental impact and sustainability have brought to light the need for finding a balance between leather manufacturing and environmental responsibility. Rittz Accessories intends to explore the challenges faced by the industry, innovative solutions, and steps taken by responsible Leather Manufacturers in Chennai to mitigate their environmental footprint.

The Environmental Impact of Leather Manufacturing

Like every other business, leather manufacture has an influence on the environment. The procedure enlists a number of steps, including the acquisition of raw materials, tanning, dyeing, and finishing, each of which has an impact on the environment. The enormous water use and probable water contamination caused by tanneries is one of the key issues. Additionally, the tanning process uses chemicals that can be hazardous to both human health and the environment, such chromium salts. Another urgent concern is deforestation, which is a result of the leather industry's need for hides.

Challenges and Roadblocks

It might be difficult to strike a balance between leather production and environmental responsibility. Sustainable manufacturing objectives are hampered by conventional manufacturing processes, which frequently rely on resource-intensive techniques. The issue is further complicated by societal and economic constraints, the culture of fast fashion, and market expectations for cheaper and quicker manufacturing. However, these difficulties also provide chances for ground-breaking fixes and broad industry transformation.

Innovations and Sustainable Practices

Fortunately, the leather production sector is moving towards more creative and ecological methods. Many businesses are switching to environmentally friendly alternatives to lessen their reliance on dangerous chemicals, such vegetable tanning. Additionally, the utilisation of water recycling systems, renewable energy sources, and enhanced waste management practises all contribute to reducing the environmental effect. Innovative technologies are also developing as workable alternatives, including as enzymatic processing and bio-based tanning chemicals.

Transparency and Ethical Sourcing

Ethical sourcing methods and environmental responsibility in the leather industry go hand in hand. Traceability is a top priority for responsible producers, and they make sure that the raw materials, such as animal skins, originate from ethical and ecological sources. This entails advocating for animal welfare, supporting fair trade, and abiding by strict laws that forbid using endangered animals.

Consumer Awareness and Responsible Choices

In order to promote environmental responsibility in the leather business, customers also play a critical role. By purchasing goods from businesses dedicated to sustainability and openness, we encourage more environmentally friendly procedures. By assisting businesses that prioritise eco-friendly production techniques and ethical sourcing, consumers are making it abundantly apparent that they value environmental responsibility.

Sustainable Initiatives by Leather Manufacturers

Various initiatives are being implemented by ethical leather producers to solve the environmental issues related to the production of leather. Following are some noteworthy sustainable initiatives used by forward-thinking businesses:

Water Management and Treatment: For environmentally aware leather makers, saving water and managing wastewater responsibly are top objectives. To minimise pollution and cut back on water use, many people are investing in water purification facilities. Manufacturers may recycle and reuse water by using cutting-edge technology like reverse osmosis and biological treatment systems, which reduces their demand on freshwater supplies.

Energy Efficiency: Energy-efficient practices are being adopted by leather makers to lessen their carbon footprint. They are using renewable energy sources including solar and wind power, establishing energy management systems, and optimising the use of their machines. Energy-saving practises not only lessen their negative effects on the environment, but they also save money, making sustainability a sensible financial decision.

Waste Reduction and Recycling: Within the Leather Manufacturers in Chennai, creative waste management techniques are taking off. Manufacturers are putting waste segregation systems in place to separate various waste kinds, enabling efficient recycling and appropriate disposal. Leather offcuts and scraps can be used in other sectors or recycled into new items, reducing the amount of trash that is disposed of in landfills.

Adoption of Sustainable Materials: Healthy leather manufactures are looking at alternative materials in addition to manufacturing methods to lessen their environmental effect. They look for eco-friendly substitutes for linings, packaging, and trimmings, such as those made of recycled or plant-based materials. With this method, sustainability is extended across the full product lifespan.

Collaboration and Certifications:To exchange information, share best practices, and promote collective sustainable innovation, leather producers are actively collaborating with trade groups, environmental organisations, and research institutes. Furthermore, certifications like the Leather Working Group (LWG) accreditation offer transparency and confirmation that producers follow stringent ethical and environmental criteria.

Continuous Improvement and Transparency: Continuous improvement is prioritised by sustainable leather producers. They frequently evaluate their methods, tools, and sources of raw materials to find potential areas for improvement. Manufacturers help consumers make educated decisions and comprehend the environmental effect of their products by being transparent about their practices.

Benefits of Balancing Leather Manufacturing and Environmental Responsibility

Every individual must be concerned about striking a balance between leather manufacture and environmental health.Some key point to note are:

Environmental Protection: Leather producers help to protect ecosystems and natural resources by using sustainable practices. The industry's ecological footprint may be reduced and the environment can be preserved for future generations by using less water, managing waste properly, and using less energy.

Improved Air and Water Quality: Environmentally friendly leather production techniques, such as wastewater treatment and minimal chemical use, result in better air and water quality. Manufacturers contribute to preserving the health and wellbeing of people residing close to tanneries by reducing pollution and guaranteeing proper waste disposal.

Enhanced Brand Reputation: Leather producers receive a competitive edge in the market by prioritising environmental responsibility. Brands that exhibit a dedication to sustainability and transparency draw in customers who care about the environment and appreciate products that were created responsibly. This promotes a favourable brand image and increases client loyalty.

Long-Term Viability: The industry's long-term success depends on finding a balance between leather production and environmental responsibility. Manufacturers may future-proof their operations by using sustainable practices, guaranteeing compliance with changing environmental requirements and customer expectations. In a company environment that is continually evolving, this helps firms remain relevant and resilient.

Conclusion

As we all know, it requires time to strike a balance between the production of leather and environmental responsibility. Although there are obstacles, ethical manufacturers are making efforts to lessen their impact on the environment through sustainable practices, cutting-edge technology, and ethical sourcing. According to Leather manufacturers in Chennai, buyers can make a difference by choosing wisely and backing companies that value sustainability. By cooperating, the leather sector may grow while reducing its negative environmental effects, conserving resources, and assuring a more sustainable future.

#LeatherManufacturersChennai #ChennaiLeatherGoods #LeatherManufacturers #LeatherAccessories #LeatherGoods #RittzAccessories

1 note · View note

bionicsenviro · 3 years ago

Text

One of the primary characteristics of Bio-culture for wastewater treatment is that it can be used in place of physical methods. It does not affect the volume of water or the level of organic matter in wastewater, but it does affect its quality.

#Bio-culture for wastewater treatment

0 notes

mitcorerbarshi · 4 years ago

Text

Indian Railways Toilet System

Indian Railways serve 7,000 stations and 22 million passengers daily. Indian Railways commits to provide clients with safe and trustworthy train services, as well as clean and hygienic surroundings on trains and in stations. There are only 1600 long-distance trains. Suburban trains cover an average of 42 km. The remaining 4700 trains are estimated to be 3100 passenger trains traveling 50 to 250 km and 1600 mail/express trains operating 300 to 2400 km. Mail and fast trains are filthy. Both must be addressed. Even if we haven't done so, it would be fascinating to look at the train profile's duration and time (two or more nights or one night and arriving early in the morning) in terms of biological functioning and cultural norms. In the early days of the IR, lower-class train coaches had no bathrooms. On July 2, 1909, Babu Okhil Chandra Sen complained to Sahibganj [1].

Here's the letter

Later, all lower-class trains traveling over 50 kilometers were expected to have bathrooms added. Trains over 150km must have bathrooms in every compartment.

Indian Railways is testing three toilet models.

1. Modular Toilet

The IR rebuilt the coach toilets to be more pleasant and modern. The revised toilets are created as fibre reinforced plastic modules that may be installed directly inside coaches in place of conventional toilets. Jan Shatabdi railway cars now have modular toilets. With the modular toilet, waste is stored in a sealed tank, eliminating the need for dirtying stations. When train speed surpasses 40 km/h, the tank is steadily emptied. There is no environmental impact because the discharge occurs in the broad countryside. 7.5 lakh per coach for modular toilets. It will be part of IR's Operation Cleanliness.

2. Chemical Toilet

The RDSO of the IR has developed specifications for train toilet systems. Standard mainline rolling stock requires a vacuum toilet system to flush toilet waste to a collection/retention tank located below the under the frame. The toilet system should provide a sealed commode with an effective flushing mechanism and an odor-free interior for IR main line broad gauge (BG) coaches. There are four toilets in each IR mainline passenger coach. One or two toilets on some coaches. The coach type determines the quantity and type of toilets. No discharge of trash. No spilling of wastes on the bogie parts, undergear, or track.

3. Bio Toilet

The IR had tried chemical toilets on long-distance trains, but they were not successful in terms of odour and disposal frequency. Other countries, however, employ this in planes and railways. Instead of keeping waste in a hole or piping it to a sewage treatment plant, a chemical toilet disinfects it using chemicals. The blue pigment in the bowl water identifies these toilets on flights and trains. Alternatively, a chemical toilet can be made by mixing chemicals with water in a container or bucket. These can be found on intercity buses or in dwellings without indoor plumbing.

As a result, IR is currently focused on bio-toilets developed with DRDO. Bacteria digest garbage. CO2 and methane are discharged into the atmosphere. Any remaining liquid can be discharged onto the tracks. Rats and fish were not harmed by the wastewater in experiments. They have been installed in about 5,500 trains since 2011. Passenger train bio-toilets not only reduce track littering by roughly 2,74,000 gallons per day but also save the Indian Railways around Rs 400 crore yearly. Indian Railways has installed 2,58,906 bio-toilets in 73,078 carriages, helping to keep railway tracks clean. A bio-toilet is a dry toilet that composes human waste. Methane gas, carbon dioxide gas, and water are produced from the decomposition of human excretory waste in the digester tank [2].

References:

1. Toilet and Trains, G. Raghuram (IIM Ahmedabad), August 2007.

2.https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/bio-toilets-save-rly-rs-400crayear/articleshow/83269272.cms?utmsource=contentofinterest&utmmedium=text&utm campaign=cppst

#indian railways #mitcorer #transformindia #mitcorerbarshi

7 notes · View notes

irispublishersagriculture · 4 years ago

Text

Iris Publishers - World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science (WJASS)

Current Application of Microencapsulation Technology in Bioremediation of Polluted Groundwater

Authored by Stalis Norma Ethica

The long-term establishment of the global water supply and sustainability is closely related with the world population growth and global climate change. Steadfast growth of the world’s population forecasted to be almost multiplied by two from 3.4 to 6.3 billion between 2009 - 2050, is presented by a predicted required growth of 70% agriculture production by 2050 [1]. Hence, the need for fresh water is dramatically increasing, especially for food production. It is because 70% of the withdrawals of world’s freshwater are already adjudged for agricultural land irrigation. Today each year, 64 billion cubic meters of fresh water are consumed progressively by worlds’ population [2].

In developing countries, ground water contamination is a key issue, with high levels of pollutants being reported in various regions. Various contamination control and groundwater treatment technologies methods should be applied to overcome this problem [3]. Groundwater treatment technologies encompass physical, chemical, or biological treatment techniques. They could be divided as ex-situ or in-situ technologies.

Aside of world population growth and global climate change, in particular, agricultural activities have been known to give impact to groundwater pollution. For example, high nitrogen fertilizers application rates have been associated with the raise of groundwater pollution [4]. Groundwater has been found as vulnerable to pesticides used in agricultural land [5].

Public concern with polluted soil and groundwater encouraged the development of programs designed to control and remediate this contamination, as well as to prevent further contamination [1]. Bioremediation as an environmentally friendly, socially allowable and economically viable is among the best way to eliminate pollutants from the environment. In bioremediation, microorganisms with beneficial biological activity, including fungi, algae, bacteria, and yeast, could be utilized in their naturally occurring forms [6].

In situ bioremediation involving bio-stimulation and/ or bioaugmentation, being an economical and eco-friendly approach, has come out as the most beneficial soil and water clean-up technique for contaminated sites [7]. Systems involving degrading bacteria have been found helpful in supporting bioremediation option to treat the polluted groundwater [8]. Cells of degrading bacteria have been known as bioremediation agent [9]. Microencapsulation is among important strategy used in bio-augmentation and biostimulation improve the effectiveness of bioremediation processes [10].

Microencapsulation is among quality preservation techniques of vulnerable substances, such as enzymes, living bacterial cells, phytochemicals, and a method for generation of materials with novel precious characteristics. Microencapsulation is defined as a process of packing micron-sized particles in a polymeric shell. Various techniques are now available for the encapsulation of different entities. This mini review provides a literature review of different microencapsulation techniques applied in bioremediation of groundwater worldwide in the last ten years [1].

Discussion

Bioremediation for polluted groundwater

With latest advancements, bioremediation offers an environmentally friendly, socially acceptable and economically viable as well as choice option to deplete pollutants from the environment. There are three major ways of bioremediation including the use of microorganisms, plants and enzymes as remediation agent [11].

Bioremediation technology optimizes and exploits the natural role of microorganisms in the transformation and mineralization of these environmental pollutants. The range of contaminated environments may include surface and subsurface soils and surface and groundwater. Bioremediation for contaminated sites including groundwater containing heavy metals and/or organic pollutants usually involves bio-augmentation and/or bio-stimulation [10]. Bioaugmentation could be defined as addition of pre-grown microbial cultures to support the degradation of unwanted substances (contaminants), while bio-stimulation is the injection of nutrients and other supplementary substances to the indigenous microbial population to influence propagation at a stimulated rate [7].

As the concern towards environmental deterioration grows worldwide, new technological achievements become important for all countries. Among the technologies offering great potential of bioremediation is the microencapsulation of active material including living cells or microorganisms [12]. For bioremediation to be effective, microorganisms must enzymatically attack the pollutants and convert them to harmless products [11].

Role of microencapsulation in bioremediation

Microencapsulation is defined as a process of enclosing or encapsulating micron-sized particles of solids or small drops of liquids or gasses in an inert shell, which in turn protects and isolates them from the external environment [13]. Micro-particles are products obtained by microencapsulation. When the particles have diameter between 3–800mm, they are regarded as micro-particles, microspheres or microcapsules. Micro-capsules are distinguished from microspheres in terms of morphology and internal structure [14].

Microencapsulation is a technology developed to pack solids, liquids and gases in tiny, sealed capsules isolating and protecting them from harsh environmental factors, such as moisture, light, oxygen, and interaction with other substances. Such microcapsules could gradually release their contents under specific conditions at controlled rates. Those packs are spherical with a micrometer size; yet are highly affected by the structure of micro-carriers and the core components [15,16].

Degradation activities naturally mediated by microorganisms used as bioremediation agent could detoxify pollutants. It is also the goal bioremediation to develop reliable technology, which can accelerate this degradation process, to reduce health risks of the pollutants and to restore the affected site into its natural state. However, even though these organisms have high degradation performance, there are limitations in success including microbial inoculum distribution and handling, suppression by parasites and predators as well as nutrient limitation [17]. These factors highly affect microbial bioremediation agent to survive in the environment. To overcome the issues, possible strategies include improved delivery system of microbial inoculum on microencapsulation technology, which could provide protection through the making of micro-environments and allow controlled release of inoculum to the targeted site [18].

Bio-stimulation supported by microencapsulation

Bio-stimulation is a commonly used technique for bioremediation involving the addition of rate-limiting nutrients to speed up the biodegradation process. Bio-stimulation often includes the addition of oxygen and nutrients to aid indigenous microorganisms used as bioremediation agent. The nutrients are essential as the basic building blocks of life allowing the microorganisms to produce particular enzymes, which could degrade pollutants [11].

A number of studies have reported the use of controlled release of active materials as a way of bio-stimulation and providing the nutrients required or essential for the bioremediation process [12]. In this sense, bio-stimulation could be highly supported by microencapsulation. The use of microencapsulated microorganisms offers a great potential in degrading pollutants through bioremediation. Microencapsulation of living microbial cells in a semi-permeable gel or carrier materials bring more advantages over the free cell bio-augmentation. The microencapsulation could prevent microbial cells from bacteriophage infections and protozoa grazing. It supports both biological and physical stabilities, by decreasing risks such as brief and sudden variations of pH or temperature; covers from abiotic stresses coming from heavy metals or other toxic compounds [19]. In addition, microencapsulation using carboxymethyl-cellulose as microcarrier could form fine structures for nutrient release, producing bio-stimulation in biodegradation process [12]. Thus, in general, microencapsulation is beneficial in enhancing cell survival and high biomass concentration

Bio-augmentation supported by microencapsulation

Bioremediation of pollutants or contaminants by utilizing microorganisms is among the most important strategies to eliminate contaminants from groundwater. However, there are limitations of this approach since many contaminants are not efficiently removed [11]. To overcome these limitations, bio-augmentation also includes addition more specific and efficient pollutantbiodegrading microorganisms into a microbial community as a way to support the ability of this microbial community to biodegrade contaminants. In this aspect, microencapsulation of the pollutantbiodegrading microbial cells is relevant to allow steady supply of the bioremediation agent.

To date, the elimination of contaminants by bio-augmentation has been widely investigated in surface water, soil and groundwater [19]. However, although it has been practiced in agriculture and in wastewater treatment for years, bio-augmentation is still experimental. Many factors (e.g. predation, competition or sorption) conspire against it. However, a number of strategies have been explored to make bio-augmentation a beneficial technology in sites lacking significant populations of biodegrading microorganisms. The pollutant degradation rate under optimal local conditions, may increase upon addition of an inoculant to remediate a chemical spill; yet, the most successful examples of bio-augmentation occur in confined systems, such as bioreactors allowing controlled conditions to favor prolonged activity and survival of the exogenous microbial population [20].

Micro-carriers used in groundwater bioremediation applications

One of the vital steps in micro-coating is choosing the most suitable wall materials/ micro-carriers. Micro-carriers or coating materials usually are film-forming materials opted from various natural and synthetic polymers, or combination of both, depending on the inner component and the overall desired microcapsule characteristics [15,21]. Ideally, the wall or sphere material should be an emulsifier, so it could promote enough content release when reconstructed into the product, have a low viscosity due to high concentrations of solids, have good film-forming performance, and have high hygroscopicity.

Over the past 10 years, the number of publications on the use of encapsulated microorganisms for the elimination of pollutants in contaminated groundwater has been increasing steadily. The following are among the most commonly used wall/ sphere materials in microencapsulation: carbohydrates (sucrose, starch, maltodextrins, and cyclodextrins), cellulose (carboxymethyl cellulose and its derivatives), gum (Arabic and agar), lipids (wax and fatty acids), and proteins (gelatin, gluten, and casein) [16,21]. Most of these materials have been used in the bioremediation of groundwater in the last decade as listed in Table 1.

Based on Table 1, in the last decade, microencapsulation technology has been widely applied in bioremediation of groundwater polluted by various substances including hydrocarbons, heavy metal, dioxin, herbicides, and plastics. Various micro-carriers grouped as alginates, gums, polymers have also been used as encapsulating materials providing protection as well as nutrition source in suitable environment allowing the release and growth of microbial cells. Interestingly, the microbial cell immobilization could be done by creation of dried cells, which means it does not necessarily need any micro-carrier [8].

Based on this literature review, microencapsulation technologies with various applied micro-carriers as single or combinations keep producing novel micro-engineered materials offering great potential for more innovations in the future. Such innovations are in particular very beneficial for the treatment for contaminated groundwater [22-29].

Conclusion

There is a need for novel advanced groundwater bioremediation technologies, in particular to ensure a high quality of drinking water and to eliminate water pollutants using suitable treatment systems. Micro-engineered materials produced by microencapsulation technology offer the potential for novel water technologies that can be easily adapted to groundwater bioremediation applications. To date, microencapsulation with various micro-carriers keep producing novel micro-engineered materials offering great potential for more innovations in the coming decades, in particular for treating heavily degradable contaminants in groundwater

To read more about this article: https://irispublishers.com/wjass/fulltext/current-application-of-microencapsulation.ID.000593.php

Indexing List of Iris Publishers: https://medium.com/@irispublishers/what-is-the-indexing-list-of-iris-publishers-4ace353e4eee

Iris publishers google scholar citations: https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=irispublishers&btnG=

#agriculture #Agriculture and Soil Science #journal of agriculture #Inter National Agriculture Science #soil science #Food science

1 note · View note

spaceexp · 6 years ago

Text

Building Better Life Support Systems for Future Space Travel

ISS - International Space Station logo. May 3, 2019 Astronauts on future long-duration spaceflight missions to the Moon and Mars could rely on microalgae to supply essentials including food, water and oxygen. A new investigation aboard the International Space Station tests using the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris as a biological component of a hybrid life support system (LSS).

Orion spacecraft in space above the Moon. Image Credits: NASA/ESA

As humans travel farther from Earth and for longer periods of time, bringing along sufficient supplies of food, water and oxygen becomes a challenge. Packing food that is nutritious and perhaps even tasty may prove harder still. Current life support systems, such as the Life Support Rack (LSR), use physicochemical processes and chemical reactions to generate oxygen and water and remove carbon dioxide from the space station.

Image above: Chlorella vulgaris cells under the microscope. These microalgae have a variety of uses on Earth and may be part of life support systems on future space voyages. Image Credits: Institute of Space Systems – University of Stuttgart, Germany. The Photobioreactor (PBR) investigation demonstrates creating a hybrid LSS by adding the biological processes of a microalgae, which has a photosynthetic efficiency up to ten times greater than more complex plants. These tiny plants could take concentrated carbon dioxide removed from the cabin atmosphere and use photosynthesis to produce oxygen and possibly even food for astronauts, according to Norbert Henn, a co-investigator and consultant at the Institute of Space Systems at University of Stuttgart. The Institute of Space Systems began research on microalgae for space applications back in 2008 and started work on Photobioreactor in 2014, together with the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and Airbus. “The use of biological systems in general gains importance for missions as the duration and the distance from Earth increase. To further reduce the dependency on resupply from Earth, as many resources as possible should be recycled on board,” said co-investigator Gisela Detrell.

Image above: The Photobioreactor chamber is used to cultivate microalgae aboard the International Space Station in a demonstration of creating hybrid life support systems that use both biological and physicochemical processes. Image Credits: Institute of Space Systems – University of Stuttgart, Germany. Astronauts activate the system hardware aboard the space station and let the microalgae grow for 180 days. That span of time allows researchers to evaluate the stability and long-term performance of the Photobioreactor in space, as well as the growth behavior of the microalgae and its ability to recycle carbon dioxide and release oxygen, according to co-investigator Jochen Keppler. Investigators plan to analyze samples back on Earth to determine the effects of microgravity and space radiation on the microalgae cells. “This is the first data from a flight-proven, long-term operation of a biological LSS component,” said Keppler. The algae’s resilience to space conditions has been widely demonstrated in small-scale cell culture, but this will be the first investigation to cultivate it in a PBR in space. Chlorella, one of the most studied and widely characterized algae worldwide, is used in biofuels, animal feed, aquaculture, human nutrition, wastewater treatment and bio-fertilizer in agriculture.

Image above: The Photobioreactor science team from the Institute of Space Research. Top, left to right: Prof. Reinhold Ewald, Johannes Martin, Prof. Stefanos Fasoulas. Bottom, left to right: Jochen Keppler, Dr. Gisela Detrell, Harald Helisch. Image Credits: Institute of Space Systems – University of Stuttgart, Germany. “Chlorella biomass is a common food supplement and can contribute to a balanced diet thanks to its high content of protein, unsaturated fatty acids, and various vitamins, including B12,” said co-investigator and biotechnologist Harald Helisch at the Institute of Space Systems. As for the taste, he adds, “if you like sushi, you will love it.” The long-term goal is to facilitate longer space missions by reducing total system mass and resupply dependency, said co-investigator Johannes Martin. “To achieve this, future areas of focus include downstream processing of the algae into edible food and scaling up the system to supply one astronaut with oxygen. We’ll also be working on interconnections with other subsystems of the LSS, such as the waste water treatment system, and transfer and adaption of the technology to a gravity-based system such as a lunar base.” Astronauts still may have to pack their own wasabi. Related links: Photobioreactor (PBR): https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=7426 Institute of Space Systems (University of Stuttgart): https://www.irs.uni-stuttgart.de/index_en.html German Aerospace Center (DLR): https://www.irs.uni-stuttgart.de/index_en.html Space Station Research and Technology: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/index.html International Space Station (ISS): https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html Images (mentioned), Text, Credits: NASA/Michael Johnson/JSC/International Space Station Program Science Office/Melissa Gaskill. Greetings, Orbiter.ch Full article

#space #science

46 notes · View notes

amalgambio24 · 16 days ago

Text

Odour control in wastewater treatment is essential to maintaining public health, environmental standards, and workplace safety. A well-designed odor control system for wastewater helps eliminate foul smells caused by hydrogen sulfide and other volatile compounds. These systems often use chemical scrubbers, biofilters, or odour control sprays to neutralize unpleasant gases. One common source of odour and operational issues is the buildup of fats, oils, and grease, making oil and grease removal from wastewater a crucial step in treatment processes. Efficient removal and odour management not only improve air quality but also enhance the performance of wastewater infrastructure.

#bioculture for etp #watertreatment #odour control spray #bio culture for wastewater treatment #bioculture manufacturer #wastewater odor control chemicals

0 notes

amalgambiotech22 · 2 months ago

Text

Amalgam Biotech is a leading bioculture manufacturer, providing high-quality bio culture for ETP (Effluent Treatment Plants) and bio culture for STP (Sewage Treatment Plants) to ensure efficient wastewater treatment. Our advanced bio culture for wastewater treatment is designed to break down organic pollutants, improve sludge digestion, and enhance water clarity. Whether you need bioculture for ETP, bioculture for STP, or specialized chemical for sewage treatment plants, we offer tailored solutions to meet your needs. Additionally, we provide expertise in chemical oxidation in wastewater treatment, ensuring optimal pollutant removal and compliance with environmental regulations.

FAQs:

What is the role of bio culture in ETP and STP? A: Bio culture in ETP (Effluent Treatment Plants) and STP (Sewage Treatment Plants) helps in breaking down organic waste, reducing sludge, and improving the overall efficiency of wastewater treatment systems.

How does bio culture for wastewater treatment work?A: Bio culture consists of beneficial microorganisms that degrade organic pollutants, control foul odor, and enhance the biological treatment process, making wastewater cleaner and safer for discharge.

#bioculture for stp #bio culture for stp #bioculture manufacturer #chemical for sewage treatment plant #chemical oxidation in wastewater treatment #chemicals used for wastewater treatment

0 notes

prisonsbiotech · 5 years ago

Text

Prions Biotech – A Leading Biotechnology Company

Prions Biotech is one of the leading biotechnology company based in Belgaum, Karnataka. The company was established with an aim to contribute to society and community. The company has been able to provide satisfactory solutions to the customers with its continuous innovation and development. As a result of its customer-centric approach, the company has witnessed immense growth and it has earned a reputation as one of the leading biotechnology companies in India.

With constantly increasing environmental concerns globally, Prions Biotech has been successful in providing effective solutions for Wastewater Treatment, Solid Waste Management, Aqua Culture, Agriculture, Sugar, Food & Beverages, Animal Health Care, Hotel Offices & Terrace Gardening, Organic Cleaning Solutions and Solar Energy System. All these solutions provided by Prions Biotech, are known for their uniqueness and efficiency.

The company has set high-quality standards by pushing their limits to deliver quality products and services that exceed customer expectations. With its modern and high-tech manufacturing facility, the company has been able to provide world-class solutions. In addition, the company works with farmers and helps them in converting their lands into organic. With 5 offices and more than 50 channel partners globally, the Prions Biotech is one of the fastest-growing biotechnology company in the world.

Solutions Offered by Prions Biotech

Prions Biotech offers a wide range of solutions for Wastewater Treatment, Solid Waste Management, Aqua Culture, Agriculture, Sugar, Food & Beverages, Animal Health Care, Hotel Offices & Terrace Gardening, Organic Cleaning Solutions and Solar Energy System.

Wastewater Treatment

The company offers a wide range of GMP certified enzymes and microbial cultures for effluent treatment. ENVIROZYME-PR is an enzyme formulation for wastewater treatment that improves the performance of ETP. Septozyme-PR is an enzyme formulation for bio digestor that helps in sludge treatment. METHANO BOOSTER-PR is an enzyme formulation for Methane gas production. For the treatment of waste water, the company also offers SEPTOCLEAN-PR (organic cleaning solution for septic tank) and NUTRI BOOST-PR (the synergistic enzyme blend to replace urea and DAP). All these products are known for their high quality and effectiveness in wastewater management.

Solid Waste Management

Solid Waste Management plays a vital role in protecting the environment. Prions Biotech offers various GMP and NPOP certified enzymes and microbial cultures for solid waste management. BIO CLEAN-PR is an enzyme formulation for solid waste management, that is used to treat the solid waste before it is discharged.

Aqua Culture

How to improve water quality, is one of the most critical questions asked by the people who wants to put in efforts for improving water quality. The company offers a range of CAA approved organic inputs for aquaculture and hatcheries. Because of the immense knowledge and expertise in aquaculture operation, the company has emerged as a leader in aqua culture management. The company offer AQUA BIOFLOC PRO-(PR), by Prions Biotech, is proven aqua probiotics and enzymes formulation for biofloc system. In this category, the company offers other popular brands such as AQUA GUT PRO-PR, AQUA BALANCE-PR, AQUA MAX-PR and BIO AQUA CLEAN-PR. These Probiotic in aquaculture reduces stress in Fish, shrimp and shrimp farmers. Probiotics shrimp aquaculture (shrimp probiotics) increases yield and maximizes the profit in shrimp production. As a result, it is widely used as Probiotic for biofloc fish farming and Probiotics for shrimp farmers.

Solutions for Agriculture Industry

Prions Biotech offers a wide range of NPOP certified organic inputs for agriculture. These biological products are not only eco-friendly, but also cost-effective for the farmers. The company offers GRUB BAN-PR which is an EPN Technology from NBAIR for White Grub. A soil conditioner JADOO ULTRA is also one of the popular products. In this category, the company offers other products like BLACK GOLD-PR, WATER LOCK-PR, SAMPURNA, HUMIZYME_PR, MAGIC-PR, BIO CLEAN-PR (DECOMPOSING CULTURE), NANO BIO- NPK (PR), BIO MIX-PR, VAM-PR, TARGET-PR, GREEN STICK-PR, SPEED-PR, TRICHO RICH- PR, ORGANIC-PHOS / PSB, ORGANIC- POTASH. The company has gained a reputation as a trusted plant root protectants and plant disease controller manufacturer.

youtube

1 note · View note