#betty okino

[dozydawn]

Teammates Kim Zmeskal and Betty Okino, 1991. Photographed by Tony Duffy.

[viktoriakomova]

What's wrong with the ballet footage? Gen question, I don't know much about ballet

ok i will separate this into 2 parts, glaring fundamental flaws and pedantic nitpicky shit (which, to be fair, should only be corrected once the former are dealt with. but it looks like neither are happening any time soon so...)

Part 1: The Egregious

Zero turnout happening. Usually i'd point to the hips and talk about if the rotation is coming from the hips (good) or the knees and/or feet (bad very bad and kinda dangerous esp in gymnastics). but they arent even doing that.

The arms. The elbows should be slightly bent to create a "curved" look. The arms should be held up and in front of you with your hands around the height of your belly button, supported from your upper back muscles. The girl in the back (nola???) actually has hers pretty good (ignoring the hands, see below) but i would say she should have them a little lower and it looks like her delts are doing the work to keep her arm lifted instead of her back muscles.

Alignment. its difficult to tell from this one screenshot (i refuse to put in the effort to watch these frames 100x to get a great one im sorry) both because the legs are straightening (after what is ostensibly a plié lol) and bc of the camera angle, but you should be able to draw a straight vertical line from the ball of the foot to the hips to the shoulders. again the girl in the back looks a lot better than jade or kayla here.

More issues with turnout here that are more evident (bc theyre making an actual attempt to turn out here) they're starting to turn in passé here, i wont bother trying to articulate what the legs are supposed to look like bc miss betty okino here is doing it correctly xoxo.

i'll start with leanne. her supporting leg is actually quite nice and she's very high up on relevé, her ankle is straight/extended and right on top of the ball of her foot with her knee straight and quads engaged. however the leg she's bringing up to passé (pretty late, since shes turning, i should add) is basically totally turned in. the muscles in the hip that rotate the leg outward are doing nothing. the leg should be turned out from the hip the whole time you're bringing the foot up to the front of the knee.

now onto kayla. i circled the reflection because you can see the leg positions better, the video crops it out. she has the same issue with the hip turnout of the free leg, but her supporting leg is also turned in. look at the knee in the reflection. it's basically not turning out at all, but her supporting foot is like 45º turned out. considering that they're turning in this screenshot, thats bad news. turning out from the foot (ie rotating outward at the ankle) instead of the hip puts a lot of torque on your knee. its obviously not nearly as severe as the stress that twisting into the ground on a tumbling pass would put on it, just bc of the force being applied there, but its still not harmless.

Part 2: The Nitpicky

The hands...... how are the fingers (jade's and kayla's) the body part doing the most work here 💀 broken wrists (but like. tense and intentional, inexplicably???), palms facing the floor. hyperextended fingers. thumbs rotated away/out from the palms. the wrist should be straight but not rigid, it should complete the "curve" mentioned above when i talked about the elbows. the thumbs should be in, but again not taut, just relaxed by the rest of your fingers. its hard to explain verbally how the fingers should be, but they shouldnt be taut and/or stuck together either (aka pancake hands or karate chop hands lol). the girl in the back, her hand would be decent if she put her thumb in and rotated her wrist 90º counter-clockwise

Forward head carriage. That's my only gripe about Girl In The Back's posture, and even that isnt really Bad, otherwise it's great. Kayla's would be fine too but her shoulders themselves are a little too forward. Jade's is.... not great, it looks like she carries a lot of tension in her neck. i typed this whole post hunched over in my bed tho so.... do as i say not as i do ;)

i didnt bother editing the picture to circle it lol but kayla's foot is sickled in the pic with okino

also the first pic is hard to look at alignment/posture bc none of them are on the same count kfjdkjfkdjfk so musicality is a big fat L there

[gymnasticscoaching]

Sticking the Parenting Landing: A Handbook for Parents of Gymnasts

by Betty Okino Benson (Author), Jacob Okino Benson (Editor), Valorie Kondos Field (Foreword) I’ve not yet read the NEW book — but I’m certain it’s terrific. The Emotional Rollercoaster – The emotional highs and lows of gymnastics can be tough on both you and your child. One day they’re flying high, the next they’re down in the dumps. It’s a wild ride…that can be fun! The Time Commitment –…

[freifraufischer]

1980s Hair: Betty Okino 1989 age 12.

[gym-oldies]

[gymfanconfessions]

“People who say things like, "beautiful lines basically means white girls" seem to be forgetting about Betty Okino who had some of the most beautiful lines in gymnastics ever.”

[just-gymnastics]

I remember listening to a gymcastic interview of Betty Okino where she was asked about Dominique Moceanu’s views of training with the Karolyis. Betty said that if Dominique didn’t like the training there, she was free to leave. I love Betty but I don’t agree with her on this. The Karolyi’s need to be held accountable. And leave for where? MLT where she later trained? It’s time that all coaches be held accountable for the disgusting behaviour of the past, admit to their faults and learn from the past. It’s the only way forward. 

[ghost-deduction]

I was starting to think I was crazy for remembering Betty Okino vehemently defending the Karolyis but they go through that here and she talks about realizing how she was traumatized from her training.

[an-apple-a-day-or2]

Jade working floor with Betty Okino 👀👀👀👀👀

If her floor presence improves just a lil bit man it could help her presentation so so much

[tasksweekly]

[TASK 165: UGANDA]

In celebration of Ugandan Independence Day on October 9th, here’s a masterlist below compiled of over 570+ Ugandan faceclaims categorised by gender with their occupation and ethnicity denoted if there was a reliable source. If you want an extra challenge use random.org to pick a random number! Of course everything listed below are just suggestions and you can pick whichever faceclaim or whichever project you desire.

Any questions can be sent here and all tutorials have been linked below the cut for ease of access! REMEMBER to tag your resources with #TASKSWEEKLY and we will reblog them onto the main! This task can be tagged with whatever you want but if you want us to see it please be sure that our tag is the first five tags, @ mention us or send us a messaging linking us to your post!

THE TASK - scroll down for FC’s!

STEP 1: Decide on a FC you wish to create resources for! You can always do more than one but who are you starting with? There are links to masterlists you can use in order to find them and if you want help, just send us a message and we can pick one for you at random!

STEP 2: Pick what you want to create! You can obviously do more than one thing, but what do you want to start off with? Screencaps, RP icons, GIF packs, masterlists, PNG’s, fancasts, alternative FC’s - LITERALLY anything you desire!

STEP 3: Look back on tasks that we have created previously for tutorials on the thing you are creating unless you have whatever it is you are doing mastered - then of course feel free to just get on and do it. :)

STEP 4: Upload and tag with #TASKSWEEKLY! If you didn’t use your own screencaps/images make sure to credit where you got them from as we will not reblog packs which do not credit caps or original gifs from the original maker.

THINGS YOU CAN MAKE FOR THIS TASK -  examples are linked!

Stumped for ideas? Maybe make a masterlist or graphic of your favourite faceclaims. A masterlist of names. Plot ideas or screencaps from a music video preformed by an artist. Masterlist of quotes and lyrics that can be used for starters, thread titles or tags. Guides on culture and customs.

Screencaps

RP icons [of all sizes]

Gif Pack [maybe gif icons if you wish]

PNG packs

Manips

Dash Icons

Character Aesthetics

PSD’s

XCF’s

Graphic Templates - can be chara header, promo, border or background PSD’s!

FC Masterlists - underused, with resources, without resources!

FC Help - could be related, family templates, alternatives.

Written Guides.

and whatever else you can think of / make!

MASTERLIST!

F:

Betty Manyolo (1938) Ugandan - painter and printmaker. 

Sarah Kisawuzi (1948) Ugandan - actress.

Annet Nandujja (1959) Ugandan - musician, composer and dancer. 

Halima Namakula (1960) Ugandan - actress, singer, Mrs. World Uganda 2009, and entrepreneur.

Zarina Bhimji (1963) Ugandan - photographer. 

Amita Dhiri (1966) Ugandan / French - actress. 

Rachael Magoola (1966) Ugandan - singer and dancer. 

Mariam Ndagire (1971) Ganda Ugandan - actress, singer, entertainer, director, producer, and playwright.

Kiara Kabukuru (1975) Ankole Ugandan / Rwandan - model.

Nam Kiwanuka (1975) Ugandan - tv personality.

Betty Okino (1975) Ugandan / Romanian - actress and gymnast.

Santa Anzo (1975) Moyo Ugandan - model, fashionista, fashion designer and businesswoman.

Florence Kasumba (1976) Ugandan - actress.

Angela Kalule (1977) Ugandan - musician and radio presenter. 

Jaqee / Jaqueline Nakiri Nalubale (1977) Nkore Ugandan, Ganda Ugandan - singer.

Rachael Kungu / DJ Rachael (1978) Ugandan - disc jockey and singer. 

Hellen Lukoma (1979) Ugandan - actress, singer, model, dancer, and fashion designer.

Nana Kagga / Nana Hill / Nana Kagga-Hill / Nana Hill Kagga (1979) Ganda Ugandan - actress, motivational speaker, director, producer, and screenwriter.

Sister Charity / Kobutungi Charity (1980) Ugandan  - singer and tv personality.

Desire Luzinda (1980) Ugandan - singer. 

Zari Hassan (1980) Ugandan - singer. 

Esther Nagawa (1980) Ugandan - model. 

Somi / Laura Kabasomi Kakoma (1981) Ugandan / Rwandan - actress, singer-songwriter, and cellist.

Iryn Namubiru / Irene Gladys Namubiru (1981) Ugandan - singer. 

Cleopatra Koheirwe (1982) Ugandan - actress, singer, radio host, and writer.

Juliana / Juliana Kanyomozi (1982) Toro Ugandan - actress, singer, and entertainer.

G’dah Oyenbot / Gladys Oyenbot (1982) Ugandan - actress, singer, and producer.

Akite Agnes (1983) Ugandan - actress, comedian, and MC.

Tshila / Sarah Tshila (1983) Ugandan - singer and musician. 

Stella Atal (1983) Ugandan - painter and fashion designer.

Zawe Ashton (1984) Ugandan / English - actress, director, and playwright.

Lillian Mbabazi (1984) Ugandan - singer and entertainer. 

Lilian Mbabazi (1984) Ugandan - singer. 

Esteri Tebandeke (1984) Teso Ugandan - actress, dancer, and visual artist.

Jackie Chandiru (1984) Kijomoro and Muganda Ugandan - musician. 

Grace Nakimera (1985) Ugandan - musician, dancer and singer. 

Cinderella Sanyu / Cindy Sanyu / Cindy (1985) Ugandan - singer. 

Jemimah Sanyu (1986) Ugandan - musician, performer, producer, and voice coach.

Anita Beryl (1986) Ugandan - fashion designer and entrepreneur.

Suzan Mutesi (1986) Ugandan - actress, model, and fashion designer.

Rehema Nanfuka (1986) Ugandan - actress, director, producer, and screenwriter.

Anne Kansiime / Kansiime Kubiryaba Anne (1986) Ugandan - actress, comedian, entertainer, and writer.

Rachel K / Rachel Kay / Rachel Kiwanuka (1986) Ugandan - singer and tv host.

Doreen Mirembe (1987) Ugandan - actress and filmmaker.

Leila Kayondo (1988) Ugandan - musician. 

Sandra Nankoma (1988) Ugandan - singer, composer, actor and performer. 

Amina Sewali (1989) Ugandan - actress and singer-songwriter.

Irene Ntale (1989) Ugandan - singer and musician.

Flavia Tumusiime (1989) Ugandan - actress, tv host, radio host, MC, and author.

Sheebah Karungi (1989) Ugandan - recording artist, dancer and actress.

Monica Birwinyo (1990) Ugandan - actress and tv personality.

Winnie Nwagi (1990) Ugandan - singer. 

Ellah / Stella Nantumbwe / Stellah Nantumbwe (1991) Ganda Ugandan - actress, tv personality, and Miss Uganda 2013.

Lydia Jazmine (1991) Ugandan - singer.

Leah Kalanguka (1991) Ugandan - actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Uganda 2014.

Rema / Rema Namakula (1991) Ugandan - singer

Aamito Lagum (1992) Ugandan - model.

Patricia Akello (1993) Ugandan - model.

Bettinah Tianah (1993) Ugandan - actress, model, and tv personality.

Nisha Kalema (1993) Ugandan - actress, producer, and writer.

Sabina Ddumba (1994) Ugandan - singer.

Vinka (1994) Ugandan - singer.

Malaika Firth (1994) English, Seychellois, Ugandan, Swiss, Giriama Kenyan - model.

Anita Fabiola / Anita Kyarimpa (1994) Ugandan - actress, model, tv host, Miss Uganda West 2013, tourism ambassador, and businesswoman.

Maria Christina Fernandes (1994) Ugandan, Portuguese / Bahraini - actress, singer, and dancer.

Spice Diana / Namukwaya Hajara Diana (1996) Ugandan - singer. 

Eva Apio (2000) Ugandan - model. 

Kadiatou Holm Keita (2001) Ugandan, Guinean / Swedish - singer.

Madina Nalwanga (2002) Ugandan - actress.

Laura Kahunde (?) Toro Ugandan - actress.

Natasha Sinayobye (?) Ugandan - actress, singer, model, and dancer.

Maureen Nankya (?) Ugandan - actress.

Kemiyondo Coutinho (?) Ugandan - actress, filmmaker, and playwright.

Leila Kachapizo (?) Ugandan - comedian.

Nancy Kobusheshe (?) Ugandan - comedian.

Maggie Nansubuga (?) Ugandan - comedian.

Katiti Kironde (?) Ugandan - model.

Dimit Hilda (?) Ugandan - actress. 

Ayak Veronica Bior (?) Ugandan, South Sundanese - model. 

Martha Kemigisha Kagimba / Martha Kay (?) Ugandan - entertainer. 

Sandra Nakawunde (?) Ugandan - Instagrammer (nakawunde).

Lucy B (?) Ugandan - model and actress (Instagram: lucy_smize).

Atim Ojera (?) Ugandan - model (Instagram: atimxo).

Berlyn (?) Ugandan - model (Instagram: berlyn_l_official).

Ameria (?) Ugandan - Instagrammer (finestugandans).

Olivia Akot (?) Ugandan - Instagrammer (olivianatalie).

Diana Akiro Egatu (?) Teso Ugandan - model, dancer, 1st Miss Tourism Uganda Teso 2016, Face of Fshn Africa Amb 2018 and Face of trek Africa 2018 (Instagram: queenjudie_j).

Mwaj Ahmed (?) Ugandan - model. 

Aleper Pamela (?) Ugandan - Miss Tourism Karamoja 2016 and Miss Tourism Uganda 2nd.

Jessica Sheila Aanyu (?) Teso Ugandan - model, 2nd runner-up Miss Tourism Teso and Miss Photogenic Miss Tourism Uganda.

Nakawunde Justine Nswemu (?) Ugandan - model and Queen Africa UG 19.

Shaniqua Okwok (?) Ugandan / Jamaican - actress. 

Nodryn Evanci (?) Ugandan - actress.

Josephine Kabahuma (?) Ugandan - writer, actress and director. 

Hadijah Nakanjako (?) Ugandan - actress.

Jackie Akello (?) Ugandan - singer. 

Sophie Gombya (?) Ugandan - singer. 

Samalie Matovu (?) Ugandan - singer and winner of Diva Awards 2010. 

Phina Mugerwa / Josephine Mugerwa / Phina Mugerwa (?) Ugandan - singer.

F - Athletes:

Irene Muyanga (1943) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Mary Musani (1944) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Ruth Kyalisima (1955) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Rose Musani (1956) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Farida Kyakutema (1962) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Evelyn Adiru (1964) Ugandan - middle-distance runner. 

Christine Magnusson (1964) Ugandan / Swedish - badminton player.

Grace Buzu (1968) Ugandan - sprinter.

Edith Nakiyingi (1968) Ugandan - middle-distance runner.

Oliver Acii (1970) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Grace Birungi (1973) Ugandan - middle-distance runner.

Jane Suuto (1978) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Justine Bayigga (1979) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Supra Singhal (1982) Ugandan - swimmer. 

Ruth Kasirye (1982) Ugandan - weightlifter.

Lilian Ajio (1984) Ugandan - netball player. 

Olivia Aya Nakitanda (1984) Ugandan - swimmer. 

Nyakisi Adero (1986) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Sarah Nambawa (1986) Ugandan - triple jumper. 

Margaret Nankabirwa (1987) Ugandan - badminton player. 

Emily Nanziri (1987) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Muhayimina Namuwaya (1988) Ugandan - netball player. 

Janet Achola (1988) Ugandan - middle-distance runner. 

Gloria Najjuka (1988) Ugandan - badminton player. 

Irene Ajambo (1989) Ugandan - weightlifter. 

Peace Proscovia (1989) Ugandan - netball player.

Juliet Chekwel (1990) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Ruth Meeme (1990) Ugandan - netball player. 

Patricia Apolot (1990) Ugandan - kickboxer. 

Racheal Nanyonga (1990) Ugandan - netball player. 

Stella Oyella (1990) Ugandan - netball player. 

Jesca Achan (1991) Ugandan - netball player. 

Yolanda Ngarambe (1991) Ugandan / Finnish - middle-distance runner.

Dorcus Inzikuru (1992) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Annet Negesa (1992) Ugandan - middle-distance runner. 

Bridget Shamim Bangi (1993) Ugandan - badminton player. 

Aisha Nakiyemba (1993) Ugandan - badminton player. 

Winnie Nanyondo (1993) Ugandan - middle-distance runner. 

Leni Shida (1994) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Avice Meya (1994) Ugandan - swimmer. 

Dorcus Ajok (1994) Ugandan - middle-distance runner.

Daisy Nakalyango (1994) Ugandan - badminton player. 

Patricia Chepkwemoi (1994) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Halimah Nakaayi (1994) Ugandan - middle-distance runner.

Stella Chesang (1996) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Doreen Chemutai (1996) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Betty Kizza (1996) Ugandan - netball player. 

Rachael Zena Chebet (1996) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Sura Yekka (1997) Ugandan - footballer.

Jamila Lunkuse (1997) Ugandan - swimmer. 

Stella Nanfuka (1997) Ugandan - netball player. 

Esther Chebet (1997) Ugandan - middle-distance runner.

Mercyline Chelangat (1997) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Joan Nampungu (1998) Ugandan - netball player. 

Peruth Chemutai (1999) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Sarah Chelangat (2001) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Prossy Tusabe (?) Ugandan - paralympic swimmer.

Christine Anyakun (?) Ugandan - middle-distance runner.

M:

Moses Matovu (1949) Ugandan - singer and musician. 

Herman Ssewanyana (1955) Ugandan - musician. 

Ntare Mwine (1967) Ugandan - actor, playwright, documentarian, and photographer.

Othman Karim (1968) Ugandan - tv presenter, director, producer, and photographer.

Phill Lewis (1968) Ugandan - actor. 

Peter Odeke (1970) Teso Ugandan - actor and radio host.

Nicholas Bailey (1971) Ugandan - actor.

Madoxx Ssemanda Sematimba / David Amon Ssemanda Ssematimba (1972) Ugandan - singer.

Gaetano Kagwa (1972) Ugandan - actor, tv host, radio host, and MC.

Baker Karim (1974) Ugandan - actor, director, and cinematographer.

Lou Bega / David Lubega (1975) Ugandan / Sicilian - singer-songwriter.

Alexander Karim (1976) Ugandan - actor and director.

Bebe Cool / Moses Ssali (1977) Ugandan - singer. 

Saba Saba / Krazy Native (1977) Ugandan - hip-hop artist.

Mc Norman / Ronald Mutebi (1978) Ugandan - dancehall singer and musician.

Sylver Kyagulanyi (1979) Ugandan - musician, producer and singer. 

Babaluku / Silas Babaluku Balabyekkubo (1979) Ugandan - rapper. 

Kushaba Moses Mworeko (1979) Ugandan - blogger and LGBT rights activist.

Enygma / I-Am Enygma (1980) Ugandan - rapper-songwriter and producer.

Vampino / Elvis Kirya (1980) Ugandan - dance hall musician and singer.

Benon Mugumbya (1980) Ugandan - singer and musician. 

Peter Miles (1980) Ugandan - reggae and dancehall artist.

Mad Ice / Ahmed Mohamed Kakoyi (1980) Ugandan - singer.

Hamdan Al Abri (1981) Ugandan, Comorian, Indian / Tanzanian - singer-songwriter.

Michael Ross Kakooza (1982) Ugandan - singer, musician and dancer.

Bobi Wine (1982) Ugandan - singer.

Arthur Simeon (1983) Ugandan - comedian.

Teacher Mpamire (1983) Ugandan - comedian, actor and high school teacher.

Viboyo / Nsubuga Moses (1984) Ugandan - singer, musician and record producer.

Aziz Azion / Aziz Mukasa (1984) Ugandan - R&B singer-songwriter and musician.

Maurice Kirya (1984) Ugandan - singer and actor. 

Exodus / George Lubega Timothy (1984) Ugandan - singer. 

Arnold Oceng (1985) Ugandan - actor. 

Nick Nola / Nicholas Tatambuka (1985) Ugandan - singer and dancer.

Ray Signature (1986) Ugandan - singer. 

Holy Keane Amooti (1986) Ugandan - gospel, dancehall and reggae artist

Michael Wawuyo Jr. (1986) Ugandan - actor.

Papa Cidy / Hamidu Sekyeru (1986) Ugandan - singer. 

Chris Evans / Christopher Evans / Christopher Evans Kaweesi (1987) Ugandan - singer. 

Michael Kiwanuka (1987) Ugandan - singer-songwriter, bassist, guitarist, keyboardist, and producer.

Ssewa Ssewa / James Ssewakiryanga Junior (1987) Ugandan - musician. 

Rabadaba / Faisal Seguya (1987) Ugandan - singer, musician and actor.

Hannz Tactiq / Producer Hannz (1988) Ugandan - DJ.

St. Nelly-Sade / Nsubuga Nelson (1988) Ugandan - rapper. 

Daniel Kaluuya (1989) Ugandan - actor and writer.

David Lutalo (1989) Ugandan - musician. 

Eddy Kenzo (1989) Ugandan - singer.

Nince Henry (1989) Ugandan - writer and musicain. 

Usama Mukwaya (1989) Ganda Ugandan, Ankole Ugandan, Rwandan - actor, tv host, director, producer, and screenwriter.

A Pass / Alexander Bagonza (1989) Ugandan - singer, musician and songwriter.

Ssemanda Mansur (1989) Ugandan - singer. 

Flex D'Paper / Alex Julius Kwesigabo (1990) Ugandan - rapper. 

Arthur Kisenyi (1990) Ugandan - actor, singer and musician.

George the Poet / George Mpanga (1991) Ugandan - rapper, spoken word artist, and poet.

Giovanni Kiyingi (1991) Ugandan - singer. 

Alex Muhangi (1991) Ugandan comedian, actor, sound engineer, director and host.

Patriq Nkakalukanyi (1991) Ugandan - actor.

Rubanda-Mayonza (1992) Ugandan - fashion designer, businessman and entrepreneur.

Housen Mushema (1992) Ugandan - actor, model, and producer.

Beenie Gunter / Baguma Crescent (1993) Ugandan - singer.

Gravity Omutujju (1993) Ugandan - rapper. 

Levixone (1993) Ugandan - gospel singer. 

Kawooya Malcolm (1994) Ugandan - rapper, actor, and filmmaker. 

Hassan Sseruwu (2000) Ugandan - dancer. 

Patrick Ssenjovu (?) Ugandan - actor, director, and producer.

Joe Opio (?) Ugandan - actor, comedian, and writer.

Michael Kasaija (?) Ugandan - actor, model, dancer, and choreographer.

Ashraf Semwogerere / Ashraf Ssemwogerere (?) Ugandan - actor, director, and screenwriter.

Samite / Samite Mulondo (?) Ugandan - flutist and kalimba player.

James Makubuya (?) Ganda Ugandan - singer, dancer, multi-instrumentalist, choreographer, and ethnomusicologist.

Solly Ian-Sangala (?) Ugandan - Instagrammer (iansangala).

Simon Acok (?) Ugandan / English - actor. 

Raymond Rushabiro (?) Ugandan - actor. 

Jay K. Mulungi (?) Ugandan - singer, model and actor. 

River Dan Rugaju (?) Ugandan - actor. 

Frank Mbalire (?) Ugandan - singer and musician. 

Isaiah Katumwa (?) Ugandan - singer and musician.

Haka Mukiga (?) Ugandan - singer, dancer, poet and musician. 

Pallaso / Pius Mayanja (?) Ugandan - singer, songwriter, producer and videographer.

Ruyonga / Edwin Ruyonga (?) Ugandan - rapper.

Henry Tigan / Henry Kirumaganyi (?) Ugandan - singer and musician. 

Allan Toniks / Allan Ampeire (?) Ugandan  - singer, songwriter, guitarist and record producer.

Joel Okuyo Atiku (?) Ugandan - actor, model, photographer and lecturer.

Bobby Tamale (?) Ugandan - actor. 

Lyrical G / Jeff Kintu (?) Ugandan - rapper.

M - Athletes:

Frank Kisekka (1926) Ugandan - boxer. 

Peter Odhiambo (1927) Ugandan - boxer. 

Ben Nduga (1930) Ugandan - sprinter.

Jorem Ochana (1935) Ugandan - hurdler.

Peter Paul Odhiambo (1937) Ugandan - boxer. 

Amos Omolo (1937) Ugandan - sprinter. 

John Sentongo (1938) Ugandan - boxer. 

Jean Baptiste Okello (1940) Ugandan - sprinter.

Abraham Munabi (1940) Ugandan - triple jumper. 

Gadi Ado (1940) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Ernest Mabwa (1941) Ugandan - boxer. 

Virgil Okiring (1942) Ugandan - hurdler.

Henry Mugwanya (1943) Ugandan - boxer. 

Alex Odhiambo (1943) Ugandan - boxer. 

James Odongo (1944) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Matthias Ouma (1945) Ugandan - boxer. 

Bill Koskei (1947) Ugandan - hurdler.

Fulgence Rwabu (1947) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Mustafa Musa (1947) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

William Dralu (1947) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Pius Olowo (1948) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Andrew Kajjo (1948) Ugandan - boxer. 

Douglas Ogada (1948) Ugandan - boxer. 

David Jackson (1949) Ugandan - boxer. 

Deogratias Musoke (1949) Ugandan - boxer. 

Silver Ayoo (1950) Ugandan - sprinter.

Jimmy Kirunda (1950) Ugandan - footballer. 

Peter Odhiambo (1950) Ugandan - boxer. 

James Odwori (1951) Ugandan - boxer. 

John Opio (1951) Ugandan - boxer. 

Ashe Mukasa (1952) Ugandan - footballer. 

Charles Dramiga (1954) Ugandan - sprinter.

Jamil Kasirye (1954) Ugandan - footballer. 

Dodovic Owiny (1954) Ugandan - boxer. 

Vicky Byarugaba (1954) Ugandan - boxer. 

Ayub Kalule (1954) Ugandan - boxer. 

George Kabuto (1955) Ugandan - boxer. 

Cornelius Edwards (1956) Ugandan - boxer. 

Moses Kyeswa (1958) Ugandan - sprinter.

Charles Mbazira (1958) Ugandan - sprinter.

Mike Okot (1958) Ugandan - sprinter.

Peter Odhiambo (1958) Ugandan - boxer. 

Jonathan Kiriisa (1959) Ugandan - boxer. 

Vincent Ruguga (1959) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Fred Ogwang (1959) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Geofrey Nyeko (1959) Ugandan - boxer. 

Wilson Achia (1959) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

William Bagonza (1960) Ugandan - boxer. 

John Mugabi (1960) Ugandan - boxer. 

William Galiwango (1961) Ugandan - boxer. 

John Munduga (1961) Ugandan - boxer. 

Peter Okumu (1962) Ugandan - boxer. 

John Goville (1962) Ugandan - sprinter.

Edward Obewa (1962) Ugandan - boxer. 

Michael Lopeyok (1962) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Dan Odindo (1962) Ugandan - boxer. 

Patrick Lihanda (1962) Ugandan - boxer. 

John Siryakibbe (1962) Ugandan - boxer. 

Kasmiro Omona (1963) Ugandan - boxer. 

Benjamin Longiros (1963) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

John Kakooza (1964) Ugandan - boxer. 

Charles Lubulwa (1964) Ugandan - boxer. 

Vic Kasule (1965) Ugandan / Scottish - footballer.

Davis Lusimbo (1966) Ugandan - boxer. 

Andy Kiwomya (1967) Ugandan - footballer.

Sam Ssimbwa (1967) Ugandan - footballer.

John Boscoe Waigo (1967) Ugandan - boxer.

Sunday Olweny (1967) Ugandan - sprinter.

Emmanuel Nsubuga (1967) Ugandan - boxer.

Moses Musonge (1968) Ugandan - sprinter.

Davis Kamoga (1968) Ugandan - sprinter.

Chris Kiwomya (1969) Ugandan - footballer.

Godfrey Wakaabu (1970) Ugandan - boxer.

Joel Otim (1971) Ugandan - sprinter.

Fred Mutuweta (1971) Ugandan - boxer.

Justin Juuko (1972) Ugandan - boxer.

Francis Ogola (1973) Ugandan - sprinter.

Franco Agentho (1973) Ugandan - boxer.

Okello Peter (1973) Ugandan - boxer.

Alex Malinga (1974) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Muhamed Kizito (1974) Ugandan - boxer.

Charles Kizza (1974) Ugandan - boxer.

Dan Mubiru (1976) Ugandan - footballer.

Julius Achon (1976) Ugandan - middle-distance runner. 

Kato Serwanga (1976) Ugandan - football player.

Tenywa Bonseu (1976) Ugandan - footballer.

Wasswa Serwanga (1976) Ugandan - football player.

Kassim Napa Adam (1976) Ugandan - boxer.

Godfrey Ssali (1977) Ugandan - footballer.

Edward Kalungi (1977) Ugandan - footballer.

John Ertzgaard (1977) Lango Ugandan / Norwegian - sprinter.

Kassim Ouma (1978) Ugandan - boxer.

Henry Osinde (1978) Ugandan - cricketer.

Hassan Mubiru (1978) Ugandan - footballer.

Jackson Asiku (1978) Ugandan - boxer.

Godfrey Mugisha (1979) Ugandan - footballer.

Arbade Bironze (1979) Ugandan - footballer.

Joe Atuhaire (1978) Ugandan - swimmer. 

Henry Malinga (1979) Ugandan - basketball player.

Abdul Tebazalwa (1979) Ugandan - boxer.

Edgar Luberenga (1979) Ugandan - swimmer. 

Jordan Lutalo Evora (1979) Ugandan - kickboxer and mixed martial artist. 

Peter Byaruhanga (1979) Ugandan - footballer.

Ganzi Mugula (1979) Ugandan - swimmer. 

Allan Musoke (1980) Ugandan - rugby player.

Sam Rukundo (1980) Ugandan - boxer. 

Paskar Owor (1980) Ugandan - middle-distance runner.

Mike Sekabembe (1980) Ugandan - boxer. 

Moses Golola (1980) Ugandan - kickboxer. 

Abubaker Tabula (1980) Ugandan - footballer.

Stanley Ocitti (1980) Ugandan - basketball player.

Robert Ssejjemba (1980) Ugandan - footballer.

Stephen Omony (1980) Ugandan - basketball player.

Charles Livingstone Mbabazi (1980) Ugandan - footballer.

Ibrahim Sekagya (1980) Ugandan - footballer.

Mohammed Kayongo (1981) Ugandan - boxer.

Kenneth Kamyuka (1981) Ugandan - cricketer.

Gilbert Kaburu (1981) Ugandan - swimmer. 

Timothy Batabaire (1981) Ugandan - footballer. 

Wilson Busienei (1981) Ugandan - long-distance runner.  

Joseph Lubega (1982) Ugandan - boxer. 

Jimmy Kidega (1982) Ugandan - footballer. 

Hamza Muwonge (1982) Ugandan - footballer. 

Assani Bajope (1982) Ugandan - footballer. 

Postnet Omony (1982) Ugandan - footballer. 

Joseph Kizito (1982) Ugandan - footballer.

Alimansi Kadogo (1982) Ugandan - footballer.

Phillip Ssozi (1982) Ugandan - footballer. 

Hannington Kalyesubula (1982) Ugandan - footballer. 

Badru Lusambya (1982) Ugandan - boxer. 

Simeon Masaba (1983) Ugandan - footballer. 

Mathias Kiwanuka (1983) Ugandan - footballer. 

Martin Muwanga (1983) Ugandan - footballer. 

Edwin Ekiring (1983) Ugandan - badminton player. 

Martin Toroitich (1983) Ugandan - long-distance runner

Eugene Sseppuya (1983) Ugandan - footballer. 

Brian Mayanja (1983) Ugandan - boxer. 

Geoffrey Sserunkuma (1983) Ugandan - footballer. 

Martin Mubiru (1984) Ugandan - boxer. 

Ronald Serugo (1984) Ugandan - boxer. 

Vincent Kayizzi (1984) Ugandan - footballer. 

Joel Kitamirike (1984) Ugandan - footballer. 

Joseph Kabagambe (1984) Ugandan - footballer. 

Andrew Mwesigwa (1984) Ugandan - footballer. 

Boniface Toroitich Kiprop (1985) Ugandan - long-distance runner.

David Obua (1984) Ugandan - footballer. 

Lawrence Segawa (1984) Ugandan - footballer. 

Diaz Kambere (1985) Ugandan - footballer.

Denis Onyango (1985) Ugandan - footballer.

Noah Babadi Kasule (1985) Ugandan - footballer.

Sadat Tebazaalwa (1985) Ugandan - boxer. 

Martin Kayongo-Mutumba (1985) Ugandan - footballer.

Kennedy Katende (1985) Ugandan - boxer. 

Jackson Kiprop (1986) Ugandan - long-distance runner.

Moses Ndiema Kipsiro (1986) Ugandan - long-distance runner.

Isaac Kiprop (1986) Ugandan - long-distance runner.

Moses Aliwa (1986) Ugandan - long-distance runner.

Daniel Kipkorir Chepyegon (1986) Ugandan - long-distance runner.

Kalidi Batuusa (1986) Ugandan - weightlifter. 

Stephen Nsereko (1986) Ugandan - footballer.

Geofrey Massa (1986) Ugandan - footballer.

Sula Matovu (1986) Ugandan - footballer.

Crespo Asiku (1986) Ugandan - footballer.

Micheal Azira (1987) Ugandan - footballer.

Henry Kalungi (1987) Ugandan - footballer.

Simon Ayeko (1987) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Julius Mutekanga (1987) Ugandan - middle-distance runner. 

Godfrey Baligeya (1987) Ugandan - weightlifter. 

Katende Joram (1987) Ugandan - footballer.

Ismail Katamba (1987) Ugandan - weightlifter. 

Jimmy Adar (1987) Ugandan - middle-distance runner. 

Umar Semata (1987) Ugandan - Muay Thai fighter.

George Kwasi Semakor (1988) Ugandan - footballer.

Robert Ssentong (1988) Ugandan - footballer.

Jimmy Enabu (1988) Ugandan - basketball player.

Hassan Wasswa (1988) Ugandan - footballer. 

A'Darius Pegues (1988) Ugandan - basketball player.

Abraham Chepkirwok (1989) Ugandan - middle-distance runner. 

Samuel Egadu (1988) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Sharif Bogere (1988) Ugandan - boxer. 

Brian Umony (1988) Ugandan - footballer. 

Emmanuel Tugumisirize (1988) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Abraham Kiplimo (1989) Ugandan - long-distance runner.

Godfrey Walusimbi (1989) Ugandan - footballer. 

Dan Sserunkuma (1989) Ugandan - footballer. 

Mike Sserumaga (1989) Ugandan - footballer. 

Robinson Opong (1989) Ugandan - basketball player.

Stephen Kiprotich (1989) Ugandan - long-distance runner

Geofrey Kusuro (1989) Ugandan - long-distance runner

Kasule Owen (1989) Ugandan - footballer. 

Isaka Cernak (1989) Ugandan / Czech, Scottish - footballer.

Benjamin Kiplagat (1989) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Samuel Mukooza (1989) Ugandan - basketball player.

Tony Odur (1989) Ugandan - footballer. 

Robert Odongkara (1989) Ugandan - footballer. 

Savio / Savio Nsereko (1989) Ugandan - footballer.

Henry Kisekka (1989) Ugandan - footballer.

Benjamin Ochan (1989) Ugandan - footballer.

Mark Owuya (1989) Ugandan / Russian - ice hockey player.

Brandon Sebirumbi (1990) Ugandan - basketball player.

David Emong (1990) Ugandan - paralympic sprinter. 

Dickson Huru (1990) Ugandan - long-distance runner

Stephen Onyango (1990) Ugandan - footballer.

Dennis Okot (1990) Ugandan - footballer.

Musa Mudde (1990) Ugandan - footballer.

Tony Mawejje (1990) Ugandan - footballer.

Patrick Ochan (1990) Ugandan - footballer.

Fabian Kizito (1990) Ugandan - footballer.

Hamis Kiiza (1990) Ugandan - footballer.

Caesar Okhuti (1990) Ugandan - footballer.

Yvan Erichot (1990) Ugandan - footballer.

Simon Sserunkuma (1991) Ugandan - footballer.

Habib Kavuma (1991) Ugandan - footballer.

Isaac Isinde (1991) Ugandan - footballer.

Moses Kalanzi (1991) Ugandan - footballer.

Mike Mutyaba (1991) Ugandan - footballer.

Alex Kakuba (1991) Ugandan - footballer.

Ali Kimera (1991) Ugandan - footballer.

Moses Kibet (1991) Ugandan - middle-distance runner.

Ronald Mukiibi (1991) Ugandan - footballer.

Ivan Bukenya (1991) Ugandan - footballer.

Timothy Toroitich (1991) Ugandan - middle-distance runner.

Sebastian Owuya (1991) Ugandan / Russian - ice hockey player.

Phillip Kiplimo (1991) Ugandan - long-distance runner

Ibra Sekajja (1992) Ugandan - footballer.

Martin Mpuga (1992) Ugandan - footballer.

Ronald Musagala (1992) Ugandan - middle-distance runner.

Solomon Mutai (1992) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Boban Zirintusa (1992) Ugandan - footballer.

Moses Oloya (1992) Ugandan - footballer.

Thomas Ayeko (1992) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Jean Sseninde (1992) Ugandan - footballer.

Patrick Edema (1992) Ugandan - footballer.

Ivan Lumanyika (1992) Ugandan - basketball player.

Julius Ntambi (1992) Ugandan - footballer.

Isaac Muleme (1992) Ugandan - footballer.

Emmanuel Okwi (1992) Ugandan - footballer.

Lloyd Paternott (1992) Ugandan / English - cricketer.

Jordan Obita (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Paul Mucureezi (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Pius Adome (1993) Ugandan - sprinter. 

Saidi Kyeyune (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Luwagga Kizito (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Geoffrey Kizito (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Bernard Muwanga (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Richard Kasagga (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Joseph Ochaya (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Daisuke Ssegwanyi (1993) Ugandan - swimmer. 

Muzamir Mutyaba (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Keith Makubuya (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Simon Okwi (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Khalid Aucho (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Ronnie Kisekka (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Godfrey Kisitu (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Ibrahim Juma (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Jason Geria (1993) Ugandan - footballer.

Charles Tibingana (1994) Ugandan - footballer.

Ivan Ntege (1994) Ugandan - footballer.

Derrick Nsibambi (1994) Ugandan - footballer.

Murushid Juuko (1994) Ugandan - footballer.

Allan Kateregga (1994) Ugandan - footballer.

Yunus Sentamu (1994) Ugandan - footballer.

Taddeo Lwanga (1994) Ugandan - footballer.

Joseph Mpande (1994) Ugandan - footballer.

Jacob Araptany (1994) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Tanoh Kpassagnon (1994) Ugandan / Ivorian - football player.

Charles Ssekyaaya (1994) Ugandan - weightlifter. 

Yasser Mugerwa (1994) Ugandan - footballer.

Nicholas Wadada (1994) Ugandan - footballer. 

Moses Kurong (1994) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Denis Iguma (1994) Ugandan - footballer. 

Shafik Batambuze (1994) Ugandan - footballer. 

Paul Musamali (1994) Ugandan - footballer. 

Melvyn Lorenzen (1994) Ugandan / German - footballer.

Abu Salim Mayanja (1995) Ugandan - middle-distance runner.

Daniel Isiagi Opolot (1995) Ugandan - footballer.

Phillip Kipyeko (1995) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Stephen Kissa (1995) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Francis Olaki (1995) Ugandan - footballer.

Ismail Watenga (1995) Ugandan - footballer.

Patrick Kaddu (1995) Ugandan - footballer.

Savio Kabugo (1995) Ugandan - footballer.

Robert Kakeeto (1995) Ugandan - footballer.

Milton Karisa (1995) Ugandan - footballer.

Erisa Ssekisambu (1995) Ugandan - footballer.

Uche Ikpeazu / Karl Anthony Uchechukwu Mubiru Ikpeazu (1995) Ugandan / Nigerian - footballer.

David Nyika (1995) Ugandan - boxer.

Fazil Kaggwa (1995) Ugandan - boxer.

Jamal Salim (1995) Ugandan - footballer.

Herbert Bockhorn (1995) Ugandan / German - footballer.

Bevis Mugabi (1995) Ugandan - footballer.

Timothy Awany (1996) Ugandan - footballer.

Joshua Tibatemwa (1996) Ugandan - swimmer. 

Joshua Cheptegei (1996) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Elio Capradossi (1996) Ugandan / Italian - footballer.

Fred Musobo (1996) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Allan Kyambadde (1996) Ugandan - footballer.

Isak Ssewankambo (1996) Ugandan - footballer.

Tom Masiko (1996) Ugandan - footballer.

David Marus (1996) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Alex Kiwomya (1996) Ugandan / Jamaican, Scottish, English - footballer.

Robert Chemonges (1997) Ugandan - long-distance runner.

Moses Opondo (1997) Ugandan - footballer. 

Farouk Miya (1997) Ugandan - footballer. 

Moses Waiswa (1997) Ugandan - footballer. 

Kizito Keziron (1997) Ugandan - footballer. 

Nelson Senkatuka (1997) Ugandan - footballer. 

Lumala Abdu (1997) Ugandan - footballer. 

Muhammad Shaban (1998) Ugandan - footballer. 

Edrisa Lubega (1998) Ugandan - footballer. 

Elvis Bwomono (1998) Ugandan - footballer. 

Joel Ayeko (1998) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Shafiq Kagimu (1998) Ugandan - footballer. 

Shafik Kuchi Kagimu (1998) Ugandan - footballer. 

Azake Luboyera (1998) Ugandan - footballer. 

Fahad Bayo (1998) Ugandan - footballer. 

Kizza Mustafa (1999) Ugandan - footballer. 

Emmanouil Karalis (1999) Ugandan / Greek - pole vaulter.

Albert Chemutai (1999) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Victor Kiplangat (1999) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Noble Okello (2000) Ugandan - footballer.

Allan Okello (2000) Ugandan - footballer.

Jacob Kiplimo (2000) Ugandan - long-distance runner. 

Tofiri Kibuuka (?) Ugandan - skier.

Jay Mulucha (?) Ugandan - basketball player - Trans!

Bashir Ramathan (?) Ugandan - paralympic boxer. 

Edward Semwanga (?) Ugandan - footballer.

Abdulla Nasur (?) Ugandan - footballer.

Mike Mutebi (?) Ugandan - footballer.

Sam Musenze (?) Ugandan - footballer.

Stephen Bengo (?) Ugandan - footballer.

Frank Kalanda (?) Ugandan - footballer.

Problematic:

Patrick Bogere (1981) Ugandan - boxer. - Committed attempted robbery.

Rabadaba / Faisal Seguya (1987) Ugandan - actor and singer. - Stabbed someone.

[thegymnasticarchive]

1990 Goodwill Games WAG

[hon-440-project]

The Pressure to Perform While Hurt and the Environments that Inspire It

Athletes have not only been pressured into performing with physical injuries, as poor mental health has also long been put up with at all levels throughout history. The pressures of training and performance, coupled with the often-toxic environments that have long existed within various sports, organizations, and leagues, can have a negative effect on the mental health of athletes. The discussion and acknowledgment of mental health among athletes is something that has only recently happened. In line with the national dialogue and stigma that has long surrounded mental health, this topic was something rarely acknowledged in sports and often came with a stigma. As society has progressively become more open to discussing and acknowledging mental health, so has the sports world. Yet, given the hyper-masculine attitudes of various sports leagues and sports culture, it is still seen as a taboo topic by many. Even with mental health awareness in sports being at an all-time high, thanks to athletes like Kevin Love and Simone Biles, as well as social media campaigns and TV shows like Ted Lasso, the topic remains somewhat delicate, with criticism and backlash often following it (Porter 2021:1).

The pressures of competition and training extends beyond professional and collegiate athletes, with children participating in youth sports even struggling with mental health issues. Many female gymnasts are teenagers, having to juggle school, sports, puberty, etc. all at a young age. As a result of this, in recent decades, doctors and spectators have noticed a severe decline in the height and weight of female gymnasts. Sports medicine specialists point to eating disorders, absent or delayed menstrual periods, and premature osteoporosis caused by weak bones as the reason of this physical change. Former Olympic gymnast Betty Okino stated that she and her fellow gymnasts were eating much less than they normally would, which likely contributed to the injuries they would sustain. Strenuous work and a poor diet combine to place a greater injury risk on these female gymnasts. Given the age of the gymnasts and the unidimensional lives of these athletes, gymnastics becomes their whole world. This environment pushes athletes to sacrifice their safety, even maybe putting their lives on the line, for something that is ultimately only a game. This, alongside intense and dangerous training, can trigger psychological problems in the athletes. These problems can continue to persist after their athletic careers have finished. Gymnasts often retire from competition in their late teens and early twenties. Yet, after building such a reliance on this way of life, structuring your entire world around gymnastics, these gymnasts feel already at 17 or 18 that the most important part of their life is over.

(The balance beam event in gymnastics)

Former star gymnasts, like Mary Lou Retton, have said that the world of gymnastics placed incredible pressure on them. The sport encouraged toxic young girls to embrace unhealthy habits, pushing gymnasts to anorexia and bulimia to meet the standards set forth before them. Verbal abuse would follow any gymnast that failed to meet these standards, with bullying and ostracization worsening the mental health of all those involved. This abuse drives many of the gymnasts out of the sport, yet the mental scars of their time in it don’t simply go away. And for those that stay, this unhealthy environment can push you to extremes. When you’re in what is essentially a socially acceptable equivalent to child abuse, the extremes you push yourself to are celebrated, rather than met with concern (Wright House 1997). One of the most famous moments in American Olympic history is when Kerri Strug, an 18-year-old gymnast competing in the 1996 Summer Olympics, severely injured her ankle after an awkward landing on the vault. Rather than rest and treat her ankle, Strug continued to perform (NBC Sports 2021). With the team needing one more good vault completed for a gold medal, U.S. Coach Béla Károlyi told Strugg “Kerri, we need you to go one more time. We need you one more time for the gold.” Strug rose to her feet with the help of her coach, approached the runway, and did one more vault. After doing a back handspring onto the vault, Strug soared towards the ground, landing hard. She stuck the landing, but heard another crack in her already-injured ankle. Yet, she managed to gingerly picked up her ankle, fold it behind her, keep her balance, and finish the move (ESPN 2008). After the move, Strug collapsed in pain with a badly damaged ankle and tears in her eyes (NBC Sports 2021). The moment was immediately met with celebration and praise. Though Strug tore two ligaments and sprained her ankle, people treated the injury and performance as something to celebrate. It was used in advertising, replayed in highlight reels, and seen as the ultimate show of competitive spirit and national pride, even decades later. Yet, many fellow gymnasts who experienced and were aware of the rigors of Team USA gymnastics and its training believed Strug was conditioned to push through her pain under an abusive environment where girls were afraid to challenge authority (NBC Sports 2021). The headspace and mental health of these athletes, many of whom are children, is likely to be poor when subjected to the toxic environments that exist within many of these sports. And when it is normalized at the level it’s been, cheered on by much of the public, it only reinforces that these behaviors are “okay.”

(Kerri Strug being held by Coach Béla Károlyi following her gold medal winning vault and subsequent injury)

[gymnasticscoaching]

NEW book - Beyond the Chalk Box

Published Aug. 20 2024. Interviews with Akash Modi, Justin Spring, John McReady, Kim Zmeskal, Betty Okino, Tracee Talavera, and more. … unfiltered and heartfelt interviews presented in Beyond the Chalk Box. … … the challenges and triumphs of former elite gymnasts … Beyond the Chalk Box is not just a chronicle of athletic accomplishments. It’s a valuable resource for athletes, shedding light…

[freifraufischer]

Betty Okino (USA), FX, 1991 World Championships

[gym-oldies]