#best nephrologist in agartala

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Kidney Infection - Symptoms & Causes

Kidney infection (pyelonephritis) is a type of urinary tract infection that usually occurs when you urinate or fall into your gallbladder and go to one or both of your kidneys.

Kidney infections need immediate medical care if left untreated. Kidney infections can permanently damage your kidneys or cause bacteria to spread to your bloodstream and death-threatening infections.

Symptoms of kidney infection may include:

·       Fever

·       Chills

·       Back, side or groin pain

·       Abdominal pain

·       Frequent urination

·       Strong urge to urinate

·       Burning or pain in the urine

·       Frequent vomiting

·       Pus or blood in your urine

When to consult a doctor?

If you have any worries or symptoms, consult the nearest nephro doctor. If you are receiving treatment for urinary tract infections but your symptoms are not improving, change your specialist. Kidney disease can be life-threatening. If you have symptoms of kidney infection with bloody urine or nausea and vomiting, seek medical help immediately. If you live somewhere near Tripura, Agartala, seek the treatment of the best nephrologist in Agartala.

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Complications That Arise from Acute Kidney Failure

If your kidneys suddenly stop filtering waste products from your blood, acute kidney failure happens. There may be an imbalance in the chemical composition of your blood and alarming levels of wastes may accumulate when your kidneys fail to filter properly. Most cases of acute kidney failure develop within a few days. It can lead to various complications. The best nephrologist in Agartala treats many cases of acute kidney failure. 

Fluid build-up: There can be a build-up of fluid in your lungs due to acute kidney failure. This causes difficulty in breathing.

Chest pain: When there is inflammation in the pericardium, the lining that covers your heart, you may feel pain in the chest.

Muscle weakness: When there is a chemical imbalance in your blood, it can cause weakness in your muscles.

Permanent kidney damage: End-stage renal disease or permanent loss of kidney function can happen due to acute kidney failure. When this happens, you will need either permanent dialysis or a kidney transplant.

Death: There can ultimately be death due to loss of kidney function when there is acute kidney failure.

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3 minutes read on Hepatorenal Syndrome

Hepatorenal syndrome is a certain health complication that is a result of end-stage renal disease. Also, this is a progressive condition of a patient suffering from rapid deterioration in the kidneys. Eventually, it leads the patient to suffer from acute kidney failure.

Who is at most risk?  

As per the reputed nephrology doctor in Agartala, hepatorenal syndrome mostly affects people who already have a chronic liver disease such as cirrhosis. If not treated on time, this condition can be fatal.

What are the common types of Hepatorenal Syndrome? 

Type 1 HRS

This type of HRS usually has an overproduction of creatinine and a rapid progression of kidney failure. Some common symptoms of this condition are edema, low blood pressure, azotemia and decreased urination.

Type 2 HRS

This type of HRS has a slow progression as compared to type 1 HRS. The major symptom of type 2 is Ascites.

Causes and risk factors

Acute alcoholic hepatitis

Unstable blood pressure

Use of diuretics

Infection in kidney

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Intradialytic Hypertension

The condition in which there is an intradialytic increase in the mean arterial pressure by greater or equal than 15mmHg is intradialytic hypertension There can also be an intradialytic increase in the systolic blood pressure by greater or equal than 10 mmHg in this condition.

After significant ultrafiltration takes place, hypertension normally develops during the second or third hour of haemodialysis. The symptoms depend on the blood pressure level and can vary at times.

Acute headache

Acute target organ damage

For the proper diagnosis of this condition, you need to undergo certain tests as per the advice of the best nephrologist in Kolkata. These tests include:

Serum calcium test, which helps to exclude hypercalcemia

Haemoglobin test, which helps to exclude erythrocytosis

Electrocardiogram(EKG), which helps to exclude arrhythmias or acute myocardial infarction

Chest X-ray

Bioelectrical impedance analysis

CT scan of the head

When there is proper detection of the condition, the doctor decides the treatment option for the patient.

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Intradialytic Hypotension

When there is a systolic blood pressure of less than 100 mmHg or a systolic blood pressure decrease of greater than 10 mmHg, it is intradialytic hypotension. It also happens when there is a mean arterial pressure decrease of greater than 30 mmHg with or without symptoms. You can know about this condition in details from a renal physician in Kolkata.This condition can lead to severe complications including:

Inadequate dialysis

A rapid decline in the residual kidney function

Delay in the recovery of kidney function when there is acute kidney injury

Vascular access thrombosis

Chronic fluid retention

Increased risk of mortality

Increased risk of cardiovascular disorders

The following tests may be necessary.

Electrocardiogram (EKG) to exclude arrhythmias or acute myocardial infarction

Serum albumin test to exclude hypoalbuminemia

Blood glucose test to exclude hypoglycaemia

Cardiac biomarkers

Haemoglobin test to exclude acute blood loss

24-hour Holter monitor to exclude cardiac arrhythmias

Transthoracic echocardiography

Bioelectrical impedance analyses

Thyroid function tests to exclude subclinical hypothyroidism

Serum cortisol test to exclude adrenal insufficiency

Chest X-ray

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A Brief Overview of Lupus Nephritis

When there is inflammation of the kidneys due to systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), the condition is lupus nephritis. The immune system of the body targets your own body tissues and organs including the kidneys in this condition. Protein can leak from the kidneys when these get inflamed. There can be kidney failure if you cannot control lupus.

The different symptoms of lupus nephritis include:

Swelling of the legs, ankles and feet

High blood pressure

Weight gain

Dark urine

Urine with foam and froth

The need for urinating at night

A kidney specialist doctor in Agartala will ask you questions about your symptoms and advise you to undergo some tests. These tests include blood and urine tests and kidney biopsy. The aim of the treatment is to:

Manage the symptoms

Control the progression of the disease

The doctor decides the treatment option based on the type of lupus nephritis in every case. He/she prescribes medicines like immunosuppressive drugs and corticosteroids. If necessary, you may also have to take medicines that lower blood pressure or prevent blood clots.

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Habits That Can Damage Your Kidneys

The kidneys have a vital role in the proper functioning of our body. These help in the filtering of the blood before it travels back to the heart. The kidneys also help in the passing out of the waste from the body in the form of urine. A nephrologist in Agartala told us about some habits that can damage our kidneys.

Having excess salt

You are consuming high amounts of sodium if you have a diet high in salt. This will harm your kidneys by increasing your blood pressure.

Overuse of painkillers

If you have the habit of taking painkillers frequently, it may give you relief from your pain but it can damage your kidneys.

Not drinking enough water

Your kidneys can properly clear sodium and toxins from the body if you remain well hydrated. There is a chance of developing kidney stones if you don’t drink enough water.

Eating an excess amount of meat

High amounts of acid get generated in the blood due to the consumption of animal protein. It can be harmful to the kidneys.

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Some Ways to Prevent Kidney Stones

The hard deposits of minerals that form inside your kidneys are kidney stones. These can cause much pain and make your life miserable. It may happen sometimes that you need surgery for the treatment of kidney stones. However, as per the opinion of a nephrologist in Agartala, it is possible to lessen the risk of developing kidney stones. Here we will mention some ways for that.

Stay hydrated

An effective way to prevent kidney stones is by drinking more water. You can also drink fresh fruit juice. If your urine looks clear or pale yellow, it means that your body is properly hydrated.

Eat foods rich in calcium

If your diet is low in calcium, it can increase your risk of developing kidney stones. You should consume more calcium-rich foods.

Have less sodium

Your risk of calcium kidney stones increases due to a high-salt diet. Calcium does not get properly reabsorbed from the urine to the blood if there is an excessive amount of salt in your urine. Kidney stones may form as this causes high urine calcium.

Avoid oxalate-rich foods

Oxalate often binds with the calcium in urine to form kidney stones. You may prevent these stones from forming by avoiding oxalate-rich foods as much as possible.

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Some Points on Hydronephrosis

If a kidney swells due to the lack of proper draining of urine from the kidney to the bladder, it leads to hydronephrosis. In this condition, the urine builds up in the kidney. This results in enlargement of the kidney and it puts pressure on the nearby organs. It can affect one or both the kidneys. An underlying disease often causes hydronephrosis. It happens when there is a blockage or obstruction in the urinary tract. You can develop different symptoms if you have hydronephrosis. A kidney specialist doctor in Agartala can help you get rid of this problem through proper treatment. If there is a lack of treatment, your kidneys can permanently stop functioning.

The doctor will thoroughly check you for any symptoms. He/she will also take the help of the following tests to understand your condition.

Blood tests

Urine tests

An ultrasound

A specialized X-ray of the urinary tract

CT scan

MRI

MAG3 scan

The treatment options depend on the condition of hydronephrosis in a person. The doctor can prescribe some antibiotics to reduce the chance of urinary tract infections. The use of a catheter to drain out excess urine often proves beneficial. There may be a need for surgery in some cases.

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A Brief Discussion on Membranous Nephropathy

When there are damage and thickening of the glomeruli, which are the small blood cells in the kidney, you suffer from membranous nephropathy. The purpose of these cells is to filter wastes from the blood. This leads to the leakage of the proteins from the damaged blood vessels into the urine (proteinuria). There are different signs and symptoms in many people due to the loss of these proteins and these are known as nephrotic symptoms.

This condition can lead to the following complications:

Blood clots

High cholesterol

Infections

High blood pressure

Nephrotic syndrome

Chronic kidney disease

Acute kidney failure

You must undergo proper treatment by the best nephrologist in Agartala to keep things under control. The doctor will suggest some tests to diagnose membranous nephropathy. These include urinalysis, blood tests, antinuclear antibody test, glomerular filtration rate test, computed tomography, kidney ultrasound, kidney biopsy and anti-PLA2R antibody test. The test results will help the doctor to decide the treatment option.

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3 Tips To Help You Adjust To Dialysis

Dealing with kidney failure is quite a life-changing experience. Unfortunately, a failed kidney has no fix. Potential patients either need dialysis or a transplanted kidney to live with. As per the survey records, the majority of kidney patients rely on the process of dialysis.

If you are one of the dialysis patients, you need to adjust to the ‘new normal’ life. 3 important tips are mentioned below: 

Learn The Basics:

To begin with, you will be overloaded with information. Do your own homework to know everything about your disease about dialysis and medicines and most importantly, about your body.

Stay Positive:

Try to focus on the positive facts. Always keep the positive attitude that dialysis will allow you to live. Sometimes, it is alright to feel angry about your situation. But don’t allow these emotions to rule your life.

Be Your Own Boss: 

There will be different people with different pieces of advice around you. But if you are under a dialysis treatment, you need to be an active participant. Take your own decision on how to choosing the best kidney doctor in Agartala. 

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3 Habits to Ditch If You Want to Reduce Kidney Risks

We consulted with the best kidney specialist in Agartala 3 common habits that might be putting pressure on your kidneys.It’s never too late to unlearn these kidney damaging behaviors.

Overdoses of Painkillers:

Are you one of them who swallow a pain killer every time you have a headache or menstruation pain? Often over the counter pain medications can harm your kidneys. Reduce your regular dosages of such NSAID.  

Consuming Too Much Salt:

Having a diet high in sodium can increase your blood pressure and in turn harm your kidneys like salted fish, sea fish, salted dry fish (sidol and sutki for Tripura, assam, Nagaland and Bangladesh patients)

Binge Eating Junk Food

Processed foods serve as significant sources of phosphorus and sodium. If you have kidney disease you need to cut down the consumption of junk food.   

Sitting still for a long span of time might lead to the possibility of kidney disease. That is why greater physical activity is associated with glucose metabolism and improved blood pressure.

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Importance of a Renal Biopsy

A medical diagnostic procedure involving the removal of a small piece of the kidney and assessing its condition under a microscope is renal biopsy. It helps to diagnose a problem with the kidneys. The different types of renal biopsy include:

·         Targeted renal biopsy

·         Transplant renal biopsy

·         Implantation transplant biopsy

·         Imaging-guided renal biopsy

·         Blind renal biopsy

During our discussion with the best nephrologist in Agartala, we learnt about the importance of a renal biopsy. It helps to:

·         Find if a kidney tumour is malignant or benign

·         Measure the functionality of a transplanted kidney

·         Find why there is an abnormal level of waste products in the blood

·         Determine the cause of proteinuria (protein in the urine)

·         Detect the cause of haematuria (blood in the urine)

·         Find how severe is a progressive kidney failure

·         Create a treatment plan for a diseased kidney

You have to make some preparations before renal biopsy as advised by the doctor. Before the procedure, you cannot eat or drink anything for eight hours. The doctor may ask you to stop taking some medicines for two weeks before the procedure.

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Online Consultation Is The Answer

The whole world is in the midst of a terrible tragedy. With more than 18 lakh confirmed cases and around 1 Lakh deaths around the world, the corona crisis is putting humans to a test. 

But that is not the only problem. India, like many other countries, is facing nation-wide lockdown. While this is a good idea for stopping the virus from spreading, it comes with several constraints.

One of the main constraints it brings is your inability to visit your doctors. Health issues aren’t very predictive and many problems can arise during this time which might need immediate attention. According to Dr. Anupam Majumdar, the best Kidney Specialist in Kolkata, you might face various kidney problems during this period.

Some common problems are

Continuation of dialysis

Treatment for chronic kidney disease

Treatment for diabetic nephropathy

Inability to do kidney transplant

The answer to this problem - Online consultation

Just because you cannot visit the doctor’s chambers personally doesn’t mean that you cannot consult one from the safety of your home. 

For any kidney-related queries, visit our website- https://www.nephrologistinkolkata.com/. Book an Appointment Today

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Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)

An inherited condition causing small fluid-filled sacs (cysts) to develop in the kidneys is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). There are rarely any noticeable problems in children affected by ADPKD although they have this condition from their birth. When the cysts grow large enough to affect the function of the kidneys, problems begin to arise. ADPKD is the result of a genetic fault that causes the growth of cysts by disrupting the normal development of some of the cells. This condition happens due to faults in any of the PKD1 and PKD2 genes.

The best nephrologist in Kolkata aims to manage the problems caused by the condition through effective treatment. He/she prescribes medicines to treat problems like high blood pressure, pain and UTIs. There are two main treatment options when the kidneys cannot function properly due to ADPKD. These options are:

Dialysis: A machine acts as a substitute for kidneys in this procedure.

Kidney transplant: A healthy kidney from a living or     deceased donor is implanted into a person with kidney failure in this     procedure.

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Hypertensive Nephropathy

A type of kidney disease is hypertensive nephropathy. When the blood pressure increases, it damages the vasculature of the kidneys. This condition has two types, namely benign nephrosclerosis and malignant nephrosclerosis. The risk factors of benign nephrosclerosis include:

Hypertension

Diabetes mellitus (Type 1 and Type 2)

Some risk factors of malignant nephrosclerosis are:

Malignant hypertension (Diastolic blood pressures above 130mm Hg)

Male gender

Pre-existing renal disease

Pre-existing hypertension

A kidney specialist in Agartala may suggest blood tests to find out the functioning capability of the kidneys. It may also be necessary to collect your urine over 24 hours for measuring the severity of kidney disease due to hypertension.

The doctor prescribes antihypertension medicines to remove the risk of further kidney damage from hypertension. The doctor tries his/her level best to reduce the blood pressure in the case of malignant nephrosclerosis as the renal damage can aggravate in this disease. He/she will use intravenous drugs to reduce the blood pressure quickly, which in turn saves the renal function.