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Aad Aadje Aafje Aagje Aagtje Aalbert Aalbrecht Aalderik Aaldert Aaldrik Aalrik Aard Aardse Aarnout Aart Aat Abby Abdimsstork Abe Abel Abellio Abelone Abeltje Abilene Abnoba Abraham Abuja Acaciapiedbarbet Acadianflycatcher Acco Acevedo Achiel Acorn Acornwoodpecker Acosta Ad Ada Adaemkin Adalmar Adam Adamawaturtledove Adams Adamstown Adana Addisababa Adelaide Adelheid Adeliepenguin Adelmar Adelwijn Adelwin Adkins Admirablehummingbird Adolf Adri Adriaan Adrian Adrie Adrienne Adsullata Aericura Afeppigeon Afghansnowfinch Africa Agnes AgnÚs Agra Agrona Aguilar Aguirre Ahmedabad Akron Alain Alan Alashankou Alaska Alaunus Albacore Albania Albatross Albert Alberta Alberto Albuquerque Aldemar Aleppo Aleutiantern Alewife Alex Alexander Alexandra Alexandre Alexandria Alexis Alfons Alfonsino Alford Alfred Alfredo Algaeeater Algeria Algiers Alice Alicia Alida Aline Alisanos Alison Allahabad Allan Allen Allensgallinule Allenshummingbird Allentown Alligator Alligatorfish Allison Allium Allspice Alma Almar Almaty Aloe Alonso Alonzo Alpineaccentor Alpinechough Alpineswift Alston Altay Alvarado Alvarez Alvin Alyssa Alyssum Amanda Amandine Amarillo Amaryllis Amber Amberjack Ambisagrus Ambrosia Amelia Amethyst Amman Amsterdam Amy Amélie Ana Anaheim Ancamna Ancasta Anchorage Anchovy Anda Andarta Anderson Andong Andorra Andraste Andre Andrea Andreas Andrew Andrews Andries André Andrée Andy Anemone Anemonefish Anextiomarus Angel Angela Angelfish Angelica Angelina Angie Angler Anglerfish Angola Anguo Angélique Aniseed Anita Ankang Ankara Ankou Anlu Ann Anna Annarbor Anne Anneke Annelies Annemarie Annemieke Annette Annick Annie Anning Anouk Anqing Anqiu Anshan Anshun Antananarivo Antbird Anthony Antigua Antioch Antlia Antoine Antoinette Antonia Antonio Antoon Anyang Apostlebird Apple Apricot April Apus Aquamarine Aquarius Aquila Ara Arabia Aral Arapaima Arausio Arbutis Archerfish Arduinna Arend Argentina Arie Aries Arizona Arkansas Arlene Arlette Armando Armenia Armorhead Armstrong Arnaud Arnemetia Arnold Arnoud
Arnout Arowana Arrowtooth Artemisia Arthur Artio Artux Aruana Arvada Arvernus Arxan Asansol Ascension Ashley Ashyfacedowl Ashyheadedgoose Ashyheadedgreenpigeon Ashywoodpecker Asmara Astana Aster Astilbe Astrid Asuncion Atepomarus Athens Atkins Atkinson Atlanta Auckland Audrey Aufaniae Augusta Auriga Aurora Aurore Aurélie Aurélien Austin Australia Austria Aventia Avery Aveta Avila Avocet Ayala Ayers Ayu Azalea Azure AÀron Babyblue Baghdad Bahamas Bahrain Baicheng Baikal Bailey Baird Baise Baishan Baiyin Baker Bakersfield Baku Bala Baldwin Ball Ballan Ballard Balloonflower Baltimore Bamako Bandedkestrel Bandedkingfisher Bandedlapwing Bandedstilt Bandedwoodpecker Bandfish Bandung Bangalore Bangkok Bangladesh Bangus Banjo Banks Baoding Baoji Baoshan Baotou Baptiste Barb Barbados Barbara Barbel Barber Barbet Barbthroat Barcelona Barfish Barheadedgoose Barinthus Barkam Barker Barkingowl Barlow Barnaclegoose Barneckedcuckoodove Barnes Barnett Barnswallow Barr Barracuda Barracudina Barramundi Barranquilla Barredowlet Barreleye Barrera Barrett Barron Barry Bartlett Barton Basiel Basil Baskingshark Bass Basseterre Basslet Bastiaan Bates Batfalcon Batfish Bathawk Batonrouge Batray Battle Bauer Baxter Bayannur Bayleaf Bazhong Bazhou Beach Beachkingfisher Beachsalmon Bean Beard Beardedreedling Beardedscreechowl Beardedvulture Beardfish Beasley Beatrice Beatrijs Beaumont Beck Becker Becky Beebalm Beeeater Beehummingbird Begonia Beian Beige Beihai Beijing Beiliu Beining Beipiao Beirut Beitun Beizhen Belarus Belatucadros Belenus Belgium Belgrade Belinda Belisama Belize Bell Bellbird Bellevue Bellflower Belém Ben Bender Bengbu Benjamin Bennett Benoßt Benson Bentley Benton Benxi Bep Berg Berger Berkeley Berlin Bermuda Bern Bernadette Bernard Bernice Berry Bert Bertha Bertrand Bessie Best Beth Bethany Betsy Betta Betty Beulah Beverly Bhopal Bichir Bigeye Bigscale Bijie Bill Billfish Billie Billings Billy Binzhou Bird Birmingham Bishop Bitterling Bittern Black Blackburn Blackchin Blackduck Blackfish Blackgrouse Blackheadedoriole
Blackheron Blackswan Blackswift Blacktern Blackwell Blair Blake Blanca Blanchard Blanche Blankenship Blanketflower Bleak Bleedingheart Blenny Blevins Blobfish Bloemfontein Blowfish Blue Bluebell Bluebilledduck Blueeye Bluefin Bluefish Bluegill Bluegreen Bluejay Bluequail Bluethroat Bluetit Blush Bo Boafish Boarfish Bob Bobbie Bobby Bocaccio Boga Bogota Boise Bole Bolivia Bolton Bond Bonefish Bonito Bonn Bonner Bonnetmouth Bonnie Bonytongue Booker Boone Booth Borage Borrum Borvo Bosnia Boston Botou Botswana Boudewijn Boulder Bowen Bowers Bowfin Bowman Boxfish Boyd Boyer Boyle Bozhou Boötes Brad Bradford Bradley Bradshaw Brady Bram Branch Brandi Brandon Brandy Brasilia Bratislava Bray Brazil Brazzaville Bream Brenda Brennan Brent Brett Brewer Brian Bridgeport Bridges Bridget Bridgetown Brigantia Briggs Bright Brigitte Brill Brisbane Bristlemouth Bristlenose Britain Britannia Britt Brittany Broadbill Brock Brokenarrow Bronze
Bronzewing Brooder Brooke Brooks Broom Brotula Brown Browndove Browning Brownsville Bruce Brunei Bruno Brushturkey Brussels Bryan Bryant Buchanan Bucharest Buck Buckley Buckner Budapest Buenosaires Buffalo Buffalofish Bulgaria Bullhead Bullheadshark Bullock Bullshark Bulltrout Burbank Burbot Burch Burgess Burgundy Buri Burke Burks Burmadanio Burnet Burnett Burns Burrfish Burris Bursa Burt Burton Burundi Busan Bush Bustard Butler Buttercup Butterflybush Butterflyfish Butterflyray Butterflyweed Buttonquail Buxenus Buzzard Byers Byrd Byron Byzantium BĂ©atrice Cabrera Cactus Caelum Cain Cairo Calderon Caldwell Calendula Calgary Calhoun Cali California Callahan Caloocan Calvijn Calvin Camacho Cambodia Cambridge Camellia Camelopardalis Cameron Cameroon Camille Campbell Campestres Campinas Campos Camulus Canada Canberra Cancer Candace Candice Candiru Candlefish Candytuft Canesvenatici Canetonnessis Cangzhou Canismajor Canisminor Cannon Cantrell Cantu Capecoral Capelin Capetown Capricornus Caracas Cardenas Cardinalfish Cardinaltetra Carey Carina Carl Carla Carlos Carlsbad Carlson Carmen Carmine Carnation Carney Carol Carole Caroline Carolyn Carp Carpenter Carpetshark Carpsucker Carr Carrie Carrillo Carroll Carrollton Carson Carter Carver Cary Casablanca Case Casey Cash Cassandra Cassiopeia Castaneda Castillo Castro Catalufa Catfish Catharijne Catherine Cathy Catla Catmint Catshark Cattail Cavefish Cayenne Cecelia Cecil Cecilia Celia Centaurus Centennial Cenxi
Cepheus Cerise Cernunnos Cerulean Cervantes Cetus Chad Chamaeleon Chambers Chamdo Chamomile Champagne Chan Chandler Chaney Chang Changchun Changde Changge Changji Changle Changning Changsha Changshu Changyi Changzhi Changzhou Channelbass Channelcatfish Chantal Chaohu Chaoyang Chaozhou Chapman Char Charlene Charles Charleston Charlie Charlotte Chase Chattanooga Chavez Chelsea Chelyabinsk Chen Chengde Chengdu Chennai Chenzhou Cherry Cherrysalmon Cherubfish Cheryl Chesapeake Chester Chibi Chicago Chickadee Chifeng Chile Chimaera China Chinooksalmon Chishui Chittagong Chizhou Chloé Chocolate Chongqing Chongzhou Chongzuo Chris Christelle Christensen Christiaan Christian Christiane Christie Christina Christine Christoffel Christophe Christopher Christy Chrysanthemum Chub Chubsucker Chulavista Chumsalmon Church Chuxiong Chuzhou Cichlid Cicolluis Cimbrianus Cincinnati Cindy Circinus Cisco Cissonius Cixi Claire Clara Clarence Clark Clarke Clarksville Claude Claudia Claudine Clay Clayton Clearwater Clematis Clements Clemons Cleveland Clifford Clifton Cline Clingfish Clinton Clota Clover Clovis Clownfish Clyde Clémence Clément Co Cobaltblue Cobb Cobbler Cobia Cochran Cocidius Cockburn Cockoftherock Cod Codlet Codling Cody Coelacanth Coffee Coffey Coffinfish Cohen Cohosalmon Coimbatore Cole Coleman Colette Coley Collareddove Colleen Collegestation Collier Collins Colombia Colombo Colon Colorado Columba Columbia Columbine Columbus Coma Combfish Combs Compton Conakry Concord Condatis Condor Coneflower Conger Congo Conley Connecticut Conner Connie Conrad Constance Constantijn Contrebis Contreras Conway Cook Cooke Cookiecutter Cooley Coolieloach Cooper Coot Copeland Copenhagen Copper Cor Cora Coral Coralbells Coralie Coreopsis Corey Coriander Corinne Cormorant Cornelia Cornelis Cornetfish Corona Corpuschristi Corrie Cortez Corvus Cory Corydoras Cosmos
Costamesa Costarica Cote Cotton Coucal Courtney Coventina Cowbird Cowfish Cownose Cowshark Cowslip Cox Craft Craig Crake Crane Crappie Crater Crawford Crestedhummingbird Crestfish Crimson Cristina Croaker Croatia Crocodileshark Crocus Crosby Cross Crow Crux Cruz Crystal Cuba Cuckoo Cuckoodove Cuckoohawk Cuckooshrike Cuckoowrasse Cummings Cunningham Curitiba Curry Curtis Cusk Cuskeel Cutlassfish Cutthroateel Cutthroattrout Cyan Cyclamen Cygnus Cynthia Cyprus Cyrenaica Cyril Czech Cécile Cédric Céline Córdoba Daan Daas Dab Dace Daegu Daejeon Daffodil Daggertooth Dahlia Daisy Dakar Dale Dali Dalian Dallas Dalton Damara Damascus Damien Damona Damselfish Dan Dana Dandelion Dandong Dangyang Daniel Danielle Daniels Danio DaniÚle Daniël Danjiangkou Danny Danyang Danzhou Daqing Darla Darlene Darrell Darren Darryl Darter Dartfish Daryl Dashiqiao Datong Daugherty Davao Dave Davenport David Davidson Davis Dawn Dawson Daxian Day Daye Daylily Dayong Dayton Dazhou
Dealfish Dean Deanna Debbie Deborah Debra Decker Dehui Dejesus Delacruz Delaney Delaware Deleon Delgado Delhi Delia Delingha Della Delores Delphine Delphinium Delphinus Demoiselle Dengfeng Dengta Dengzhou Denis Denise Denmark Dennis Denver Derek Derrick Desertsand Desiree Detroit Devario Devilray Dexing Deyang Dezhou Dhaka Dhanbad Dhufish Diana Diane Dianna Dianne Diaobingshan Diaz Dickerson Dickson Didier Dihua Dillard Dillon Dingxi Dingzhou Dipper Dirk Dirkje Discus Diver Dixie Dixon Djibouti Dodson Dogfish Dogteeth Doha Dollarbird Dolores Dolphinfish Dominguez Dominique Don Donald Donaldson Dongfang Donggang Dongguan Dongning Dongtai Dongxing Dongyang Dongying Donna Donovan Dora Dorab Dorado Doreen Doris Dorothy Dorsey Dory Dotson Dottyback Douala Douglas Dowitcher Downey Downs Doyle Draco Dragonet Dragonfish Dragongoby Drake Driftfish Drum Duane Dubai Dublin Duckbill Dudley Duffy Dujiangyan Duke Dukou Duncan
Dunhua Dunhuang Dunlap Dunn Duran Durban Durham Dushanbe Duskygrouper Dustin Duyun Dwarfkingfisher Dwayne Dwight Dyer Dylan Eagleowl Eagleray Earl Eaton Ebony Ecuador Eddie Edgar Edison Edith Edmonton Edna Eduard Eduardo Edward Edwards Edwin Eel Eelgoby Eelpout Eeltailcatfish Egypt Eileen Ekaterinoburg El-jadida Elaine Elasmobranch Eleanor Electricblue Electriceel Elena Elephantnose Elgin Eliene Eline Elisa Elizabeth Elkgrove Ella Ellen Elliott Ellis Ellison Elmer Elmonte Eloise Elsa Elsie Elver Elvira Emeishan Emerald Emeraldcuckoo Emerson Emily Emirates Emma Emmanuel Emmanuelle Emperor England English Enping Enrique Enshi Enzo Equuleus Erenhot Ergun Eric Erica Erickson Eridanus Erik Erika Erin Eritrea Erma Ernest Ernestine Escolar Esfahan Esmée Espinoza Essen Essie Estelle Estes Esther Estonia Estrada Esus Ethel Ethiopia Eucalyptus Eugene Eula Eulachon Eunice Eva Evans Evansville Evelyn Everett Evert Ewing Ezhou Fabien Fabienne Fabrice Fagus Fairfield Fairybluebird Faisalabad Faith Falcon Falklands Fangchenggang Fangtooth Fannie Fanny Fargo Faridabad Farley Farmer Farrell Faulkner Faye Featherback Feicheng Felicia Felix Fengcheng Fenghua Fengzhen Fennel Fenyang Ferguson Fern Fernandez Fernando Ferrell Fields Fierasfer Figueroa Filefish Finch Finfoot Fingerfish Finland Finley Firefish Fischer Fisheagle Fisher Fishowl Fitzgerald Fitzpatrick Flagblenny Flagfin Flagfish Flagtail Flameback Flamingo Flashlightfish Flatfish Flathead Fleming Fletcher Flicker Flier Flora Florence Florent Flores Florian Florican Florida Flounder Flowers Floyd Flufftail Flyingfish Flynn Foley Folkert Footballfish Forbes Ford Foreman Forestfalcon Forgetmenot Fornax Forsythia Fortaleza Fortcollins Fortlauderdale Fortwayne Fortworth Foshan Foster Fowler Fox Foxglove France Frances Francine Francis Francisco Franck Franco Francolin Frank Franklin Franks Frans François Françoise Frazier Fred Freda Freddie Frederick Frederik Freeman Freetown Fremont French Fresno Frigatebird Fringehead
Frisco Frogfish Frost Fruitdove Fruiteater Fry Frye Frédéric Fuan Fuding Fuentes Fujin Fukang Fukuoka Fuller Fullerton Fulton Funafuti Fuqing Fuquan Fushun Fusilier Fuxin Fuyang Fuyu Fuyuan Fuzhou FÚs Gaborone Gabriel Gail Gaines Gaizhou Galjoen Gallagher Gallegos Galloway Gambia Gamble Gangesshark Gannet Ganzhou Gaoan Gaobeidian Gaomi Gaoping Gaoyou Gaozhou Gar Garcia Gardenia Gardner Garibaldi Garland Garlic Garner Garpike Garrett Garrison Gary Garza Gates Gay Gayfeather Gayle Gaétan Gaëlle Gejiu Gemini Gene Geneva Genevieve GeneviÚve Genhe Gentry George Georges Georgetown Georgette Georgia Gerald Geraldine Geranium Gerard Gerardus Germaine Germany Gerrit Gert Gertrude Ghana Ghislaine Ghostfish Ghostflathead Ghostknifefish Ghostpipefish Ghostshark Ghoul Gibberfish Gibbs Gibraltar Gibson Gijs Gilbert Giles Gill Gilles Gillespie Gilliam Gilmore Gina Ginette Ginger GisÚle Giza Gladiolus Gladys Glass Glassfish Glen Glenda Glendale Glenn Globeflower Gloria Glossystarling Glover Gnatcatcher Goatfish Goawaybird Goby Godelieve Goedele Goele Goff Goiùnia Gold Golden Goldeneye Goldenplover Goldensparrow Goldentrout Goldeye Goldfinch Goldfish Golmud Gombessa Gomez Gongqingcheng Gongyi Gongzhuling Gonzales Gonzalez Good Goodman Goodwin Goose Goosefish Gordon Goshawk Gould Gourami Grace Graham Grandprairie Grandrapids Grannus Grant Grass Grassowl Graveldiver Graves Gray Grayling Greece Green Greenbay Greene Greeneye
Greenland Greenling Greenpigeon Greensboro Greer Greg Gregory Grenada Grenadier Gresham Gretchen Greyhornbill Greywoodpecker Griffin Griffith Grimes Gross Groundcuckoo Grounddove Groundshark Grouper Grozny Grunion Grunt Grunter Gruntsculpin Grus Grégory Guadalajara Guadalupe Guam Guan Guangan Guanghan Guangshui Guangyuan Guangzhou Guarulhos Guatemala Guayaquil Gudgeon Gudula Guernsey Guerra Guerrero Guigang Guilin Guillaume Guinea Guineafowl Guiping Guisui Guitarfish Guixi Guiyang Gujiao Gujranwala Gull Gulper Gunnel Guppy Gurnard Gustaaf Gustavia Guthrie Gutierrez Guy Guyuan Guzman Gwangju Gwen Gwendolyn Gérard Haddock Hagfish Hahn Haicheng Haidong Haikou Hailin Hailun Haimen Haining Hairtail Haiti Haiyang Hake Hale Haley Halfbeak Halfmoon Halibut Hall Halosaur Hama Hamburg Hami Hamilton Hamlet Hammerhead Hammerjaw Hammond Hampton Hancheng Hanchuan Hancock Handan Handfish Haney Hangzhou Hannah Hanoi Hans Hansen Hanson Hanzhong Harare Harbin Hardhead Hardin Harding Hardy Harelip Hargeisa Harlequin Harm Harmon Harold Harper Harrell Harrier Harrierhawk Harriet Harrington Harris Harrison Harry Hart Hartman Harvey Hatchetfish Hatfield Hattie Havana Hawaii Hawkeagle Hawkfish Hawkins Hawkowl Hayden Hayes Haynes Hays Hazel Head Heath Heather Hebert Hebi Hechi Hechuan Hector Hefei Hegang Heidi Heihe Hejian Hejin Helen Helena Helong Helsinki Henderson Hendrick Hendricks
Hendrix Hengshui Hengyang Henri Henrietta Henriette Henry Hensley Henson Herbert Hercules Herman Hernandez Heron Herrera Herring Herringgull Hervé Heshan Hess Hester Hewitt Heyuan Heze Hezhou Hezuo Hibiscus Hickman Hicks Higgins Hilda Hill Hillsboro Hillstar Hines Hinton Hiroshima Hobbs Hobby Hodge Hodges Hoffman Hogan Hogsucker Hohhot Hoki Holcomb Holden Holder Holingol Holland Holloway Holly Hollyhock Hollywood Holman Holmes Holt Homs Honeybird Honeybuzzard Honeysuckle Honghu Hongjiang Hongkong Honiara Honolulu Hood Hooper Hoopoe Hoover Hope Hopkins Hopper Horn Hornbill Horne Hornshark Horologium Horsefish Horsemackerel Horton Hosta Hotan Houma Houndshark House Houston Howard Howe Howell Huadian Huaian Huaibei Huaihua Huainan Huaiyin Huanggang Huanghua Huangshan Huangshi Huayin Huaying Huazhou Hubbard Huber Huberta Huchen Hudson Hueteris Huetiris Huff Huffman Hugh Hughes Hugo Huguette Huhehaote Huixian Huizhou Hulin Hull Huludao Hulunbuir Hummingbird Humphrey Hunchun Hungary Hunjiang Hunt Hunter Huntingtonbeach Huntsville Huozhou Hurley Hurst Hussar Hutchinson Huzhou Hyacinth Hyde Hyderabad Hydra Hydrangea Hydrus Hyssop Hà noi HélÚne Ian Ibadan Icefish Iceland Ida Idaho Ide Ieneke Ienje Ilisha Illinois Impatien Imperialpigeon Inanga Incheon Inconnu Independence India Indiana Indianapolis Indigo Indonesia Indore Indus Ineke Ines Inez Inglewood Ingram Intarabus InÚs Iovantucarus Iowa Iran Iraq Ireland Irene Iris Irma Irvine Irving Irwin IrÚne Isaac Isabel Isabelle Islamabad Israel Istanbul Italy Ivan Ivory Ivy Izmir Jaap Jabalpur Jacamar Jacana Jack Jackfish Jackie Jackson Jacksonville Jacob Jacoba Jacobs Jacobson Jacobus Jacqueline Jacquelyn Jacques Jade Jaime Jaipur Jakarta Jakob Jamaica James Jamestown Jamie Jamshedpur Jan Jana Jane Janet Janice Janie Janine Janis Jannetje Jannie Japan Jared Jarvis Jasmijn Jasmine Jason Javelin Javier Jawfish Jay Jean Jeanclaude Jeanette
Jeanfrançois Jeanlouis Jeanluc Jeanmarc Jeanmarie Jeanmichel Jeanne Jeannette Jeannie Jeannine Jeanpaul Jeanpierre Jeddah Jeff Jefferson Jeffery Jeffrey Jellynose Jenkins Jenna Jennie Jennifer Jennings Jenny Jensen Jeremy Jeroen Jerome Jerry Jerseycity Jerusalem Jesse Jessica Jessie Jesus Jet Jewel Jewelbabbler Jewelfish Jewfish Jiamusi Jian Jiande Jiangdu Jiangjin Jiangmen Jiangshan Jiangyin Jiangyou Jianou Jianyang Jiaohe Jiaozhou Jiaozuo Jiaxing Jiayuguan Jieshou Jiexiu Jieyang Jilin Jill Jim Jimenez Jimmie Jimmy Jimo Jinan Jinchang Jincheng Jingdezhen Jinggangshan Jinghong Jingjiang Jingmen Jingsha Jingxi Jingzhou Jinhua Jining Jinjiang Jinshi Jinxi Jinzhong Jinzhou Jishou Jiujiang Jiuquan Jixi Jiyuan Jo Joachim Joan Joann Joanna Joanne Jocelyne Jochem Jodi Jody Joe Joel Johan Johanna Johannes Johannesburg John Johndory Johnnie Johnny Johns Johnson Johnston Joke Joliet Jon Jonathan Jones Jonquil Joost Jordan Jorge Joris Jose Josefien Josefina Joseph Josepha Josephine Josette Joshua Josian Josien Josina José Joy Joyce Joyner Joël Joëlle Juan Juana Juanita Juarez Juba Judith Judy Julia Julian Julie Julien Juliette Julio June Junglegreen Juniper Jurong Justice Justin Justine Juårez JérÎme Kabul Kafue Kahawai Kaifeng Kaili Kaiping Kaiyuan Kalookan Kaluga Kalyan Kampala Kane Kangding Kano Kanpur Kansas Kansascity Kanyu Kaohsiung Kara Karachi Karaj Karamay Karel Karen Kari Karine Karl Karla Kashgar Kashmir Kate Katherine Kathleen Kathmandu Kathryn Kathy Katie Katowice Katrina Kaufman Kawasaki Kay Kayes Kayla Kazan Kees Keith Keller Kelley Kelli Kellie Kelly Kelpfish Kelpperch Kemp Ken
Kendra Kennedy Kenneth Kent Kentucky Kenya Kerr Kerria Kerry Kestrel Kevin Key Kharkiv Khartoum Khorgas Kidd Kiev Killeen Killifish Kim Kimberly King Kingfish Kingfisher Kingofthesalmon Kingston Kingstown Kinney Kinshasa Kirby Kirk Kirkland Klein Kline Knapp Knifefish Knifejaw Knight Knowles Knox Knoxville Kobe Koch Kochi Koenraad Koi Kokanee Kokdala Kokopu Kolkata Korea Korla Kosovo Koulikoro Kramer Krista Kristen Kristi Kristie Kristin Kristina Kristine Kristy Krystal Kualalumpur Kumasi Kunming Kunshan Kunyu Kurdistan Kurt Kuwait Kuwaitcity Kuytun Kyle Kyoto Labyrinthfish Lacerta Ladyfish Laetitia Lafayette Lagena Lagos Lahore Laibin Laiwu Laixi Laiyang Laizhou Lakeland Lakewood Lamb Lambert Lamium Lampfish Lamprey Lana Lancaster Lance Lancetfish Landry Lane Lang Langfang Langley Langzhong Lansing Lantana Lanternfish Lanternshark Lanxi Lanzhou Laohekou Laos Lapwing Lara Laredo Largemouth Lark Larkspur Larry Larsen Larson Lascruces Lasvegas Latobius Latoya Latvia Laura Laure Lauren Laurence Laurens Laurent Laurie Lavender Laverne Lawrence Lawson Le Leach Leaffish Leah Leatherjacket Lebanon Leblanc Lechang Lee Leendert Leentje Lefteyeflounder Leigh Leiyang Leizhou Lela Leling Lemon Lemonshark Lemonsole Lena Lengshuijiang Lenok Lenus Leo Leominor Leon Leona Leonard Leopard Leping Lepus Leqing Leroy Leshan Leslie Lester Leticia Leucetios Levine Levy Lewis Lewisville Lexington LeĂłn Lhasa Lia
Lianjiang Lianyuan Lianyungang Lianzhou Liaocheng Liaoyang Liaoyuan Libra Libreville Libya Lichuan Lidewij Liechtenstein Lies Lieve Lieven Lightfish Lijiang Lila Lilac Liliane Liling Lillian Lillie Lily Lilyofthevalley Lima Lime Limia Linan Lincang Lincoln Linda Lindsay Lindsey Linedsole Linfen Ling Lingbao Lingcod Linghai Lingwu Lingyuan Linhai Linjiang Linqing Linxia Linxiang Linyi Linzhou Lionel Lionfish Lisa Lisbon Lishui Lithuania Little Littlerock Liuan Liupanshui Liuyang Liuzhou Livebearer Livingston Liyang Lizardfish Lloyd Loach Lobelia Lodewijk Loes Logan Logrunner Lois Lola London Long Longbeach Longfin Longhai Longjing Longkou Longnan Longquan Longyan Lonnie Loosejaw Loosestrife Lopez Lora Lore Lorena Lorene Loretta Lori Lorraine Losangeles Lott Lotte Loudi Louis Louise Louisiana Louvar Love Lowe Lowell Lowery LoĂŻc Luan Luanda Lubbock Luc Lucas Lucheng Lucia Lucie Lucien Lucienne Lucille Lucknow Lucy Luderick Ludhiana Ludovic Lufeng Lugus Luis Luk Lula Lumpsucker Luna Lungfish Luoding Luohe Luoyang Lupine Lupus Lusaka Lushan Lushui Luuk Luxembourg Luxi Luxovius Luz Luzhou Lydia Lydie Lynch Lynda Lynette Lynn Lynne Lynx Lyons Lyra LĂ©a LĂŒda LĂŒliang Maanshan Maarten Maartje Mabel Mable Macau Macdonald Macedonia Macheng Macias Mack Mackerel Mackerelshark Macon Madagascar Madden Maddox Madeleine Madelief Madeline Madison Madrid Madtom Madurai Mae Magali Magenta Magentarose Maggie Magnolia Magpie
Mahseer Maine Makasar Makkah Makoshark Malaysia Maldives Maldonado Mali Malone Malta Mamie Manaus Manchester Mandy Manefish Mang Mango Manila Mann Manning Manofwar Manon Mantaray Manuel Manzhouli Maoming Maponos Maponus Maputo Maracaibo Marblefish Marc Marcel Marcella Marcelle Marcia Marcus Margaret Margarita Margie Margreet Margriet Marguerite Maria Marian Marianne Marie Mariechristine Marieclaude MariethĂ©rĂšse Marietje Marigold Marigot Marilyn Marine Mario Marion Maritje MariĂ«lle Marjoram Marjorie Mark Marks Marlene Marlin Maroon Marquez Marrakech Marsh Marsha Marshall Marshharrier Marta Martha Martijn Martin Martine Martinez Martinus Marvin Mary Maryann Maryland Maseru Mashhad Maskedowl Mason Massachusetts Massey Masu Mathew Mathews Mathieu Mathilde Mathis Matthew Matthews Matthieu Matthijs Mattie Maureen Maurice Maurits Mauve Max Maxime Maximiliaan Maxine Maxwell May Mayer Maynard Mayo Mays Mcallen Mcbride Mccall Mccarthy Mccarty Mcclain Mcclure Mcconnell Mccormick Mccoy Mccray Mccullough Mcdaniel Mcdonald Mcdowell Mcfadden Mcfarland Mcgee Mcgowan Mcguire Mcintosh Mcintyre Mckay Mckee Mckenzie Mckinney Mcknight Mclaughlin Mclean Mcleod Mcmahon Mcmillan Mcneil Mcpherson Meadows Medaka Medan MedellĂn Medina Medusafish Meerut Meeuwis Megamouthshark Megan Meghan Meihekou Meishan Meixian Meizhou Mejia Melanie Melba
Melbourne Melendez Melinda Melissa Melody Melton Melvin Memphis Mendez Mendoza Mengzhou Mengzi Menhaden Menno Mensa Mercado Mercedes Mercer Meredith Merrill Merritt Mesa Mesquite Metaltail Mexico Mexicocity Meyer Meyers Miami Miamigardens Mianyang Mianzhu Michael Michaël Micheal Michel Michele Micheline Michelle Michigan MichÚle Mickaël Micronesia Microscopium Middleton Midland Mie Miek Mieke Miep Mies Miguel Mike Milan Mildred Mile Miles Milkfish Miller Mills Milton Miluo Milwaukee Mindy Mingguang Minneapolis Minnesota Minnie Minnow Minnowofthedeep Minsk Mint Miranda Mireille Miriam Mirjam Mishan Mississippi Missouri Mistletoe Misty Mitchell Mobile Modocsucker Mogadishu Moguns Mohamed Mojarra Mola Molina Molly Mona Monaco Monarchbird Mongolia Monica Monique Monkfish Monkshood Monoceros Monroe Monrovia Montana Monterrey Montevideo Montgomery Montoya Montréal Moody Moon Mooney Mooneye Moonfish Moonflower Moore Mopti Mora Morales Moran Moray Moreno Morgan Morgane Morid Morin Moritasgus Morningglory Morocco Morris Morrison Morrow Morse Morton Morwong Moscow Moses Mosley Mosquitofish Moss Mountaintoucan Mouthbrooder Mozambique Mrigal Mudanjiang Mudcat Mudfish Mudminnow Mudskipper Mudsucker Mueller Muling Mullen Mullet Mullins Mullo Multan Mumbai Mummichog Munoz Murfreesboro Muriel Murphy Murray Murraycod Murrelet
Murrieta Musca Muscat Muskellunge Mustardeel Myers Myra Myriam Myrtle MĂ©lanie MĂ©lissa MĂŒnchen Nadia Nadine Nagoya Nagpur Nairobi Nakuru Nan'an Nanan Nanchang Nanchong Nancy Nangong Nanhai Nanjing Nanning Nanping Nantong Nanxiong Nanyang Nanzheng Naomi Naperville Naples Narcissus Nase Nash Nashik Nashville Nassau Nasturtium Natalie Natasha Nathalie Nathan Nathaniel Nativehen Navarro Navyblue Neal Nebraska Needlefish Needletail Neeltje Nehe Neijiang Neil Nel Nellie Nelson Nemausus Nepal Nerius Netherlands Nettie Nevada Newhampshire Newjersey Newman Newmexico Neworleans Newportnews Newton Newyork Nguyen Nibblefish Nicaragua Nicholas Nichole Nichols Nicholson Nicolaas Nicolas Nicole Nicosia Nicotiana Nielsen Nienke Nieves Niger Nigeria Nighthawk Nightheron Nightjar Nina Ningan Ningbo Ningde Ningguo Nixon Noble Nodens Noel Nolan Noodlefish Nora Norfolk Norma Norman Norris Northcarolina Northcharleston Northdakota Northlasvegas Norton Norwalk Norway Novosibirsk NoĂ©mie Nunbird Nunez Nurseryfish Nurseshark Nyingchi Oakland Oarfish Obrien Oceanside Ocher Ochoa Oconnor Octans OcĂ©ane Odessa Odette Odile Odom Odonnell Ogmios Ohio Oilfish Oklahoma Oklahomacity Olathe Oldwife Oleander Olga Olive Olivepigeon Oliver Olivia Olivier Ollie Olsen Olson Omaha Oman Omdurman Omsk Oneal Oneil Oneill Ontario Opah Opal Opaleye Openbill Ophiuchus Ora Orange Orangetree Orchid Ordos Oregon Orion Orlando Orr Ortega Ortiz Osaka Osborn Osborne Oscar Oslo Ottawa Ouagadougou Overlandpark Owen Owens Owlet Oystercatcher Pace Pacheco Paddlefish Padilla Page Paintedsnipe Pakistan Palembang Palestine Palm Palmbay Palmdale Palmer Palmswift Pam Pamela Panama Panga Panjin Panshi Pansy Panzhihua Paradisefish Paradiseflycatcher Paraguay Paris Park Parker Parks Parore Parrish Parrotfish Parsons Partridge Pasadena Pascal Pascale Passionflower Pat Pate Patel Paterson Patrice Patricia Patrick Patsy Patterson Patti
Patton Patty Paul Paula Paulette Pauline Pavo Payne Peach Peacockflounder Peacockpheasant Peamouth Pear Pearl Pearland Pearleye Pearlfish Pearson Peck Pedro Pegasus Peggy Pelicaneel Pembrokepines Pena Pencilfish Pencilsmelt Penglai Penguin Pengzhou Penh Pennington Pennsylvania Penny Peony Peoria Perch Perez Periwinkle Perkins Perry Perseus Persianblue Perth Peru Peter Peters Petersen Peterson Petrel Petty Petunia Petunias Pheasant Phelps Philadelphia Philip Philippe Philippines Philipsburg Phillip Phillips Phnom Phnompenh Phoenix Phyllis Pickerel Pickett Pictor Piculet Piedhornbill Pien Pierce Pierre Pierrette Piet Pieter Pigfish Pike Pikeblenny Pikeconger Pikeperch Pilchard Pilotfish Pim Pine Pineapplefish Pineconefish Pingdingshan Pingdu Pinghu Pingliang Pingxiang Pink Pinks Pinksalmon Pipefish Piranha Pirarucu Pirateperch Pisces Pittman Pitts Pittsburgh Pizhou Plaice Plano Platy Platyfish Pleco Plownose Plum Plymouth Poacher Pol Poland Pollard Pollock Pollyfish Pomfret Pomona Pompano Pompanobeach Ponyfish Poole Pope Poppy Porbeagle Porcupinefish Porgy Porter Portland Portoalegre Portugal Potter Potts Powell Powen Powers Prague Praia Pratt Preston Pretoria Price Prickleback Pricklefish Pricklypear Pricklyshark Primrose Prince Priscilla Pristina Providence Prowfish Pruitt Prussianblue Puce Puckett Pueblo Puer Puffbird Puffer Pufferfish Puffin Puffleg Pugh Pumpkinseed Pune Puning Pupfish Puppis Puqi Purple Putian Puyang Pygmyfalcon Pygmygoose Pygmykingfisher Pygmyowl Pyongyang Pyxis PĂntano Qianan Qianjiang Qidong Qingdao Qingtongxia Qingyang Qingyuan Qingzhen Qingzhou Qinhuangdao Qinyang Qinzhou Qionghai Qionglai Qiqihaer Qiqihar Qitaihe Qixia Quanzhou Quentin Qufu Quillback Quillfish Quinn Quito Qujing Quzhou Rabat Rabbitfish Rachael Rachel Rafael Ragfish Rail Rainbowfish Rainbowtrout Raleigh Ralph Ramallah Ramirez Ramon Ramona Ramos Ramsey Ranchocucamonga Randall Randolph Randy RaphaĂ«l Raquel
Rasbora Rasmussen Raspberry Ratfish Ratliff Rattail Raul Rawalpindi Ray Raymond Raymonde Razorfish Rebecca Recife Red Redfin Redfish Redlip Redmouth Redsalmon Redsnapper Redstart Redviolet Reed Reedfish Reedwarbler Reefshark Reese Reeves Regina Reginald Reid Reilly Remora Renaat Renate Rene Renee Renhuai Reno Renqiu René Renée Requiemshark Reticulum Reyes Reykjavik Reynolds Rhode Rhodes Rhododendron Rhonda Rialto Ribboneel Ribbonfish Ricardo Rice Riceeel Ricefish Rich Richard Richards Richardson Richmond Rick Ricky Riddle Ridgehead Rie Riga Riggs Rik Riley Rinus Riodejaneiro Rios Rita Rivas Rivera Rivers Riverside Rivuline Riyadh Rizhao Roach Roadtown Roanokebass Robbins Roberson Robert Roberta Roberto Roberts Robertson Robin Robinson Robles Robor Robyn Rocha Rochelle Rockbass Rockbeauty Rockcod Rockfish Rockford Rockjumper Rockling Rockpigeon Rodgers Rodney Rodriguez Rodriquez Roger Rogers Rogier Rohu Rojas Roland Rollins Romaan Romain Roman Romania Rome Romero Ron Ronald Rongcheng Ronnie Ronquil Roosterfish Ropefish Rosa Rosales Rosalie Rosario Rose Roseau Rosemarie Rosemary Rosie Ross Roth Rotterdam Roughscad Roughsculpin Roughy Roundhead Roundrock Rowe Rowland Roxanne Roy Ruben Ruby Rudd Rudderfish Rudianos Ruffe Rugao Ruian Ruichang Ruijin Ruili Ruiz Rush Rushan Russell Russia Russo Ruth Rutledge Ruud Ruzhou Rwanda Ryan Régine Régis Rémi Rémy Sabertooth Sabertoothfish Sabine Sablefish Sabrina Sacramento Sacredibis Sadie Sage Sagitta Sagittarius Sailfish Saintpaul Saintpetersburg Saipan Saitama Salamanderfish Salas Salazar Salem Salinas Sally Salmon Salmonshark Saltlakecity Salvador Salvia Sam Samantha Samara Sampson Samuel Sanantonio Sanchez Sandbarshark Sandburrower Sanddab Sanddiver Sandeel Sander Sanders Sandfish Sandgoby Sandgrouse Sandiego Sandknifefish Sandlance Sandoval Sandperch Sandra Sandrine Sandroller Sandstargazer Sandtiger Sandtilefish
Sandy Sandysprings Sanford Sanfrancisco Sangria Sanhe Sanjose Sanjuan Sanmarino Sanmateo Sanmenxia Sanming Sanne Sansalvador Sansha Santa Santaana Santaclara Santaclarita Santamaria Santana Santarosa Santiago Santodomingo Santos Sanya Saopaulo Saotome Sapphire Sapporo Sara Sarah Sarajevo Sardine Sargassumfish Sargent Saskia Satinbird Saudi Sauger Saunders Saury Savage Sawfish Sawshark Sawyer Scabbardfish Scabiosa Scalyfin Scarlet Scat Schmidt Schneider Schroeder Schultz Schwartz Scilla Scimitarbill Scissortail Scopsowl Scorpionfish Scorpius Scott Scottsdale Screechowl Scrubfowl Sculpin Sculptor Scup Scurassow Scutum Seabass Seabream Seacatfish Seachub Seadevil Seadragon Seahorse Sealamprey Seamoth Sean Searaven Searobin Sears Seasnail Seatoad Seattle Sebastiaan Sedatus Sedum Segomo Sellers Semarang Sendai Seoul Serbia Serge Sergio Serpens Serpenteagle Serrano Seth Sextans Sexton Seychelles Shad Shaffer Shag Shahe Shane Shanghai Shangluo Shangqiu Shangrao Shangrila Shangzhi Shannan Shannon Shantou Shanwei Shaoguan Shaoshan Shaowu Shaoxing Shaoyang Shari Shark Sharksucker Sharon Sharp Sharpe Sharpnose Shaw Shawn Shawna Sheartail Shearwater Sheatfish Sheathbill Sheepshead Sheila Shelduck Shelia Shelley Shelly Shelton Shengzhou Shenyang Shenzhen Shenzhou Shepard Shepherd Sheppard Sheri Sherman Sherri Sherry Sheryl Shields Shifang Shigatse Shihezi Shijiazhuang Shiner Shiraz Shirley Shishi Shishou Shiyan Shizuishan Short Shouguang Shoveler Shrimpfish Shrubroses Shuanghe Shuangliao Shuangyashan Shulan Shunde
Shuozhou Siamesefightingfish Sicklebill Sidney Sieme Sihui Sikasso Sillago Silva Silver Silverlacevine Silverside Silvia Simao Simivalley Simmons Simon Simone Simpson Sims Singapore Singleton Siouxfalls Siping Sixgillray Sixgillshark Sjaak Skate Skilfish Skimmer Skinner Skipjacktuna Skopje Slategray Slater Sleeper Sleepershark Slickhead Slimehead Slipmouth Sloan Slovakia Slovenia Small Smelt Smeltwhiting Smertrios Smilax Smith Snailfish Snakeeel Snakehead Snapdragon Snapper Snider Snipe Snipeeel Snipefish Snoek Snook Snow Snowballbush Snowcock Snowdrops Snubnose Snyder Sofia Solange Soldierfish Sole Solis Solomon Somalia Songyuan Songzi Sonia Sonja Sonya Sophia Sophie Sosa Soto Southbend Southcarolina Southdakota Spadefish Spaghettieel Spain Sparks Sparrow Sparrowhawk Spearfish Spears Speckledtrout Spence Spencer Spiderfish Spiderflower Spikefish Spinefoot Spinetail Spinyfin Splitfin Spookfish Spoonbill Sprat Springbud Springfield Springfish Springgreen Spurfowl Squaretail Squawfish Squeaker Squirrelfish Stacey Stacy Stafford Stamford Stanley Stanton Starfrontlet Stargazer Stark Starling Steele Steelhead Stefan Stein Stella Stephanie Stephanotis Stephen Stephens Stephenson Steve Steven Stevens Stevenson Stewart Stickleback Stingfish Stingray Stock Stockholm Stockton Stokes Stone Stonecat Stonefish Stoneroller Stork Stormpetrel Stout Strawberry Streamertail Strickland Strong Stuart Sturgeon Stéphane Stéphanie Suarez
Sucellos Sucheng Sucker Sudan Sue Sugarbird Suifenhe Suihua Suining Suixi Suizhou Sukhumi Sullivan Summers Sunbeam Sunfish Sunflower Sunnyvale Suqian Surabaya Surat Surfperch Surgeonfish Surprise Susan Susie Sutton Suva Suzanne Suzhou Svalbard Swallower Swampeel Swampfish Swamphen Swanson Sweden Sweeney Sweeper Sweet Sweetpea Swift Swiftlet Switzerland Swordfish Swordtail Sydney Sykes Sylvain Sylvia Sylvie Syracuse Syria Såbalo Sébastien Ségou Séverine Tabitha Tabriz Tacheng Tadpolefish Taian Taicang Taichung Tailor Taimen Taipei Taishan Taiwan Taixing Taiyuan Taizhou Tallahassee Talley Tallinn Tamara Tami Tammy Tampa Tan Tang Tangerang Tangshan Tanner Tanya Taonan Tapetail Tara Taranis Tarpon Tarwhine Tasha Tashkent Tate Taupe Taurus Taylor Tbilisi Teal Ted Tehran Telescopefish Telescopium Temecula Tempe Tench Tengchong Tengzhou Tennessee Tenpounder Tenuis Teresa Teri Tern Terrance Terrell Terrence Terri Terry Tessa Tetra Texas Thailand Thane Thelma Theo Theodore Theresa Thierry Thijs Thomas Thompson Thornfish Thorntail Thornton Threadfin Threadtail Threetoedwoodpecker Thresher Throatedmountaingem Throatedsunangel Thyme Théo ThérÚse Tianchang Tianjin Tianmen Tianshui Tiefa Tieli Tieling Tiemenguan Tiffany Tigerbarb Tigerheron Tigerperch Tigershark Tijn Tijuana Tilapia Tilefish Tillman Tim Timo Timor Timothy Tina Toadfish Tobago Todd Tokyo Toledo Tom Tomas Tommy Tommyruff Tompot Tongcheng Tongchuan Tonghua Tongjiang Tongliao Tongling Tongren Tongshi Tonguefish Tongxiang Tongzhou Toni Tonny Tony Tonya Tope Topeka Topminnow Toronto Torpedo Torrance Torres Toutatis Town Townsend Tracey Traci Tracy Trahira Tran Travis Treecreeper Treefish Trees Trevally Trevino Triangulum Tricia Tridamos Triggerfish Trijntje Trinidad Triplefin Triplespine Tripletail Tripoli Trogon Trout Troutperch Troy Trujillo Trumpeter Trumpetfish Trumpetvine Trunkfish Truus Tubeblenny Tubeeye Tubeshoulder Tubesnout Tucana Tucker Tucson Tulip Tulsa
Tumen Tumxuk Tuna Tunis Tunisia Tunny Turbot Turkey Turkeyfish Turkmenistan Turner Turpan Turquoise Tyler Tyrone Tyson Uaru Uganda Ukraine Ulanhot Ulanqab Ulsan Underwood Unicornfish Unitedkingdom Ursamajor Ursaminor Uruguay Urumqi Utah Uzbekistan Vadodara Vaduz Valdez Valencia Valentijn Valentin Valentine Valenzuela Valerie Vallejo Valletta Valérie Vance Vancouver Vanessa Vang Vanjaram Vanuatu Varanasi Vargas Vasquez Vatican Vaticancity Vaughan Vaughn Vazquez Veerle Veerletje Vega Vela Velasquez Velazquez Velez Velma Velvetfish Vendace Venezuela Vera Vermont Verna Vernon Veronica Veteris Vheteris Vicki Vickie Vicky Victor Victoria Victorville Vienna Vientiane Vietnam Villarreal Vilnius Vimba Vinca Vincent Vindonnus Vinotonus Vinson Viola Violet Viperfish Virgil Virginia Virginiabeach Virginie Virgo Viridian Virotutis Visakhapatnam Viscaria Vista Visucius Vitiris Vivian Volans Volgograd Vosegusabudhabi Vulpeculaafghanistan Véronique Wade
Wafangdian Wagner Wahoo Walker Wall Wallace Wallago Waller Walleye Walls Walsh Walter Walters Walton Walu Wanda Wanning Wanyuan Warbler Ward Ware Warmouth Warner Warren Warsaw Wartyangler Waryfish Washington Waspfish Waterbury Waters Watkins Watson Wattledlapwing Wattleeye Watts Waxbill Wayne Weaselshark Weatherfish Weaver Webb Weber Webster Weeks Weever Weeverfish Weifang Weihai Weihaiwei Weihui Weinan Weiss Welch Wellington Wells Wenchang Wendy Wenling Wenzhou Wesley West Westjordan Westminster Westpalmbeach Westvalleycity Westvirginia Whalefish Whaleshark Wheeler Whiff Whistlingduck Whitaker White Whitebait Whitecroaker Whiteeye Whitefish Whitehead Whiteibis Whitemarlin Whitepelican Whiteshark Whitetip Whitetipshark Whitfield Whiting Whitley Whitney Wichita Wichitfalls Wiebrand Wigeon Wiggins Wilcox Wilder Wiley Wilhelmina Wilkerson Wilkins Wilkinson Willard Willem Willemijn William Williams Williamson Willie Willis Wilma Wilmington Wilson Wim Windhoek Winifred Winstonsalem Winters Wisconsin Wise Wisteria Witt Wobbegong Wolf Wolfe Wolfeel Wolffish Wolfherring Wong Wood Woodard Woodbridge Woodcock Woodowl Woodpecker Woodpigeon Woodquail Woodruff Woods Woodstarabandinus Woodward Wooten Workman Wormeel Wormfish Wouder Wouteralbacore Wrasse Wright Wrymouth Wuan Wuchang Wuchuan Wudalianchi Wugang Wuhai Wuhan Wuhu Wujiaqu Wujin Wusu Wuwei Wuxi Wuxian Wuxue Wuyishan Wuzhishan Wuzhong Wuzhou Wyatt Wynn Wyomingabbott Xavier Xiamen Xian Xiangcheng Xiangfan Xiangtan Xiangxiang Xiangyang Xianning Xiantao Xianyang Xiaogan Xiaoshan Xiaoyi Xichang Xilinhot Xingcheng Xinghua Xingning Xingping Xingshan Xingtai Xingyang Xingyi Xinhailian Xining Xinji Xinle Xinmi Xinmin Xintai Xinxiang Xinyang Xinyi Xinyu Xinzheng Xinzhou Xishan Xuancheng Xuanwei Xuchang Xuzhou Yaan Yakeshi Yanan Yancheng Yang Yangchun Yangjiang Yangon Yangquan Yangzhong Yangzhou Yanji Yann Yannick Yanshi Yantai Yaounde Yarrow Yates
Yellowandromeda Yellowbass Yellowhead Yellowjack Yellowmargin Yellowtail Yemen Yerevan Yibin Yichang Yicheng Yichun Yidu Yima Yinchuan Yingcheng Yingde Yingkou Yingtan Yining Yiwu Yixing Yiyang Yizheng Yizhou Yokohama Yolanda Yongan Yongcheng Yongchuan Yongji Yongkang Yongzhou Yonkersaaron York Young Yuanjiang Yuanping Yucheng Yueqing Yueyang Yulin Yumen Yuncheng Yunfu Yushu Yuxi Yuyao Yuzhou Yves Yvette Yvonne Zacharyalabama Zagrebaksu Zamora Zander Zaoyang Zaozhuang Zealand Zebrafish Zebraloach Zebrashark Zhalantun Zhangjiagang Zhangjiajie Zhangjiakou Zhangping Zhangqiu Zhangshu Zhangye Zhangzhou Zhanjiang Zhaodong Zhaoqing Zhaotong Zhaoyuan Zhengzhou Zhenjiang Zhicheng Zhijiang Zhongshan Zhongwei Zhongxiang Zhoukou Zhoushan Zhuanghe Zhucheng Zhuhai Zhuji Zhumadian Zhuozhou Zhuzhou Zibo Ziege Zigong Zimbabweaad Zimmermanabbottsbooby Zingelacacia Zinniaadrien Zixing Ziyang Zoucheng Zunhua Zunyiabidjan ZĂŒrichamaranth Ăliane Ălisabeth Ălise Ălodie Ămilie Ăric Ătienne Ăvelyne
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Check out this listing I just added to my Poshmark closet: Stella McCartney Adidas 2 in 1 Running Shorts S 4 6 Floral Mesh Athletic Gym Yog.
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The World Weekly News
The World Weekly News, was a stockbroker's piece, to fund San Quentin, run by Charles Manson. Each piece article, was from a business that collapsed, identifying the cause as MI-6, through common theme, granted to the prison by the British Commonwealth, as payment for protecting SAS officer Charles Manson (irregular).
When it was shut down by Canadian Mounted patrol, and taken from Roseanne Barr's care at the print shop in the North Shore region of Boston, I scrambled to avenge the defeat, to follow an MI-6 tension plan planted on the sitcom, Roseanne; a baccarat variant, where the card was placed on the head of the gambler, linked to the show, where the Jewish family plays the same game, except with snacks.
I engaged their Canadian street runner, "Brian Monaghan", "Ben Carl", "B-Rock", "Alex Svorsgaard", real name Robert Wolfinackis, working out of Amazon corporate in Ashburn, Virginia, his server base. Several of his friends were drawn in, however Zsasz, portrayed by his cousin on "Gotham", the television show on Fox.
I took three hands, with my deal, after a shuffle, for him. O'Neill rules, of course, the male witch is the subtler.
I handed him an Ace of Diamonds and a Two of Clubs, then a pair of Deuces, then a high hand, for an Royal Flush Club, the third hand he'd ever played. I then ordered him, not to play for money.
After years of poker, with his associates from Canada and North Ireland, Commonwealth British countries (they all work for the Monarchy, through Prime Ministers, the same relations with Australia, the Caymans, Papua New Guinea, and Bermuda), I moved back east, and they remained at college.
I drove out, for a final game, a three hour drive, taking a North Shore road, instead of the Mass Pike toll road.
I offered my last cigarette, a Maverick, as a common chip bet, to their Camel Filters. They refused, I said I'd come back afte buying a fresh pack, and never returned.
Their command unit, the International Monetary Fund, through the Kruz Clan, William Wallace, is now hooked on gambling for food.
A gambler's addiction.
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Do you like your barre class straight up or with a side of Pilates? We've got both today! Barre-latte at 1:30pm and Barre at 6:30pm! Meet us at the barre! #Bermuda #Barre #Pilates #fitness #wellness #GetLucky #LuckyElephantWellness (at Lucky Elephant Wellness)
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Ship of fools
I donât know about you, but Iâm not the least bit impressed by the rats scurrying from Trumpâs sinking ship.
Where were William Barr, Mick Mulvaney, Lindsey Graham, Mitch McConnell, Mike Pence, etc., etc., when it became clear - say, in the second day of the Trump administration - that the president was steering the country straight into a Bermuda Triangle of lies, corruption and disdain for the U.S. Constitution?
The answer: They were lounging on deck, luxuriating in their own sense of self-importance, expecting to find safe harbor in Trumpâs ill-gained popularity
Take Michiganâs own Betsy DeVos. Assuming sheâs not stupid, she could see where Trump was taking the country. Only now, in these final days of this disastrous administration, does she call the bossâ behavior âunconscionable.â
Itâs been unconscionable all along. But DeVos et al made the calculation that it served their own self-interests to doze in their deck chairs until the wind shifted and they no longer feared the wrath of the mad captain at the helm.
Make them walk the plank, I say.
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Events 7.1
AD 69 â Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor. 552 â Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the Ostrogoth king, Totila, is mortally wounded. 1097 â Battle of Dorylaeum: Crusaders led by prince Bohemond of Taranto defeat a Seljuk army led by sultan Kilij Arslan I. 1431 â The Battle of La Higueruela takes place in Granada, leading to a modest advance of the Kingdom of Castile during the Reconquista. 1520 â Spanish conquistadors led by HernĂĄn CortĂ©s fight their way out of Tenochtitlan after nightfall. 1523 â Jan van Essen and Hendrik Vos become the first Lutheran martyrs, burned at the stake by Roman Catholic authorities in Brussels. 1569 â Union of Lublin: The Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania confirm a real union; the united country is called the PolishâLithuanian Commonwealth or the Republic of Both Nations. 1643 â First meeting of the Westminster Assembly, a council of theologians ("divines") and members of the Parliament of England appointed to restructure the Church of England, at Westminster Abbey in London. 1690 â Glorious Revolution: Battle of the Boyne in Ireland (as reckoned under the Julian calendar). 1766 â François-Jean de la Barre, a young French nobleman, is tortured and beheaded before his body is burnt on a pyre along with a copy of Voltaire's Dictionnaire philosophique nailed to his torso for the crime of not saluting a Roman Catholic religious procession in Abbeville, France. 1770 â Lexell's Comet is seen closer to the Earth than any other comet in recorded history, approaching to a distance of 0.0146 astronomical units (2,180,000 km; 1,360,000 mi). 1782 â Raid on Lunenburg: American privateers attack the British settlement of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia. 1819 â Johann Georg Tralles discovers the Great Comet of 1819, (C/1819 N1). It was the first comet analyzed using polarimetry, by François Arago. 1837 â A system of civil registration of births, marriages and deaths is established in England and Wales. 1846 - Adolphe Sax patents the saxophone. 1855 â Signing of the Quinault Treaty: The Quinault and the Quileute cede their land to the United States. 1858 â Joint reading of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace's papers on evolution to the Linnean Society of London. 1862 â The Russian State Library is founded as the Library of the Moscow Public Museum. 1862 â Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, second daughter of Queen Victoria, marries Prince Louis of Hesse, the future Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse. 1862 â American Civil War: The Battle of Malvern Hill takes place. It is the last of the Seven Days Battles, part of George B. McClellan's Peninsula Campaign. 1863 â Keti Koti (Emancipation Day) in Suriname, marking the abolition of slavery by the Netherlands. 1863 â American Civil War: The Battle of Gettysburg begins. 1867 â The British North America Act takes effect as the Province of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia join into confederation to create the modern nation of Canada. Sir John A. Macdonald is sworn in as the first Prime Minister of Canada. This date is commemorated annually in Canada as Canada Day, a national holiday. 1870 â The United States Department of Justice formally comes into existence. 1873 â Prince Edward Island joins into Canadian Confederation. 1874 â The Sholes and Glidden typewriter, the first commercially successful typewriter, goes on sale. 1878 â Canada joins the Universal Postal Union. 1879 â Charles Taze Russell publishes the first edition of the religious magazine The Watchtower. 1881 â The world's first international telephone call is made between St. Stephen, New Brunswick, Canada, and Calais, Maine, United States. 1881 â General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell and Childers reforms of the British Army, comes into effect. 1885 â The United States terminates reciprocity and fishery agreement with Canada. 1885 â The Congo Free State is established by King Leopold II of Belgium. 1890 â Canada and Bermuda are linked by telegraph cable. 1898 â SpanishâAmerican War: The Battle of San Juan Hill is fought in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. 1901 â French government enacts its anti-clerical legislation Law of Association prohibiting the formation of new monastic orders without governmental approval. 1903 â Start of first Tour de France bicycle race. 1908 â SOS is adopted as the international distress signal. 1911 â Germany despatches the gunship SMS Panther to Morocco, sparking the Agadir Crisis. 1915 â Leutnant Kurt Wintgens of the then-named German Deutsches Heer's Fliegertruppe army air service achieves the first known aerial victory with a synchronized machine-gun armed fighter plane, the Fokker M.5K/MG Eindecker. 1916 â World War I: First day on the Somme: On the first day of the Battle of the Somme 19,000 soldiers of the British Army are killed and 40,000 wounded. 1922 â The Great Railroad Strike of 1922 begins in the United States. 1923 â The Parliament of Canada suspends all Chinese immigration. 1931 â United Airlines begins service (as Boeing Air Transport). 1931 â Wiley Post and Harold Gatty become the first people to circumnavigate the globe in a single-engined monoplane aircraft. 1932 â Australia's national broadcaster, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, was formed. 1935 â Regina, Saskatchewan police and Royal Canadian Mounted Police ambush strikers participating in the On-to-Ottawa Trek. 1942 â World War II: First Battle of El Alamein. 1942 â The Australian Federal Government becomes the sole collector of income tax in Australia as State Income Tax is abolished. 1943 â The City of Tokyo and the Prefecture of Tokyo are both replaced by the Tokyo Metropolis. 1946 â Crossroads Able is the first postwar nuclear weapon test. 1947 â The Philippine Air Force is established. 1948 â Muhammad Ali Jinnah (Quaid-i-Azam) inaugurates Pakistan's central bank, the State Bank of Pakistan. 1949 â The merger of two princely states of India, Cochin and Travancore, into the state of Thiru-Kochi (later re-organized as Kerala) in the Indian Union ends more than 1,000 years of princely rule by the Cochin royal family. 1957 â The International Geophysical Year begins. 1958 â The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation links television broadcasting across Canada via microwave. 1958 â Flooding of Canada's Saint Lawrence Seaway begins. 1959 â Specific values for the international yard, avoirdupois pound and derived units (e.g. inch, mile and ounce) are adopted after agreement between the US, the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries. 1960 â The Trust Territory of Somaliland (the former Italian Somaliland) gains its independence from Italy. Concurrently, it unites as scheduled with the five-day-old State of Somaliland (the former British Somaliland) to form the Somali Republic. 1960 â Ghana becomes a republic and Kwame Nkrumah becomes its first President as Queen Elizabeth II ceases to be its head of state. 1962 â Independence of Rwanda and Burundi. 1963 â ZIP codes are introduced for United States mail. 1963 â The British Government admits that former diplomat Kim Philby had worked as a Soviet agent. 1966 â The first color television transmission in Canada takes place from Toronto. 1967 â Merger Treaty: The European Community is formally created out of a merger with the Common Market, the European Coal and Steel Community, and the European Atomic Energy Commission. 1968 â The United States Central Intelligence Agency's Phoenix Program is officially established. 1968 â The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is signed in Washington, D.C., London and Moscow by sixty-two countries. 1968 â Formal separation of the United Auto Workers from the AFLâCIO in the United States. 1972 â The first Gay pride march in England takes place. 1976 â Portugal grants autonomy to Madeira. 1978 â The Northern Territory in Australia is granted self-government. 1979 â Sony introduces the Walkman. 1980 â "O Canada" officially becomes the national anthem of Canada. 1983 â A North Korean Ilyushin Il-62M jet en route to Conakry Airport in Guinea crashes into the Fouta Djallon mountains in Guinea-Bissau, killing all 23 people on board. 1984 â The PG-13 rating is introduced by the MPAA. 1987 â The American radio station WFAN in New York City is launched as the world's first all-sports radio station. 1990 â German reunification: East Germany accepts the Deutsche Mark as its currency, thus uniting the economies of East and West Germany. 1991 â Cold War: The Warsaw Pact is officially dissolved at a meeting in Prague. 1997 â China resumes sovereignty over the city-state of Hong Kong, ending 156 years of British colonial rule. The handover ceremony is attended by British Prime Minister Tony Blair, Charles, Prince of Wales, Chinese President Jiang Zemin, and U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. 1999 â The Scottish Parliament is officially opened by Elizabeth II on the day that legislative powers are officially transferred from the old Scottish Office in London to the new devolved Scottish Executive in Edinburgh. In Wales, the powers of the Welsh Secretary are transferred to the National Assembly. 2002 â The International Criminal Court is established to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. 2002 â Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937, a Tupolev Tu-154, and DHL Flight 611, a Boeing 757, collide in mid-air over Ăberlingen, southern Germany, killing all 71 on board both planes. 2003 â Over 500,000 people protest against efforts to pass anti-sedition legislation in Hong Kong. 2004 â Saturn orbit insertion of CassiniâHuygens begins at 01:12 UTC and ends at 02:48 UTC. 2006 â The first operation of QinghaiâTibet Railway is conducted in China. 2007 â Smoking in England is banned in all public indoor spaces. 2008 â Riots erupt in Mongolia in response to allegations of fraud surrounding the 2008 legislative elections. 2013 â Croatia becomes the 28th member of the European Union. 2020 â The United StatesâMexicoâCanada Agreement replaces NAFTA.
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Funimation Streams The âZombieland Sagaâ Anime Opening Sequence | The Fandom Post Home » All News » Funimation Streams The âZombieland Sagaâ Anime Opening Sequence Funimation Streams The âZombieland Sagaâ Anime Opening Sequence Posted by Chris Beveridge January 7, 2019 at 05:51 AM Funimation brought out the fall 2018 anime series Zombieland Saga as a simuldub but have a bit more promotion to do than just that, especially now that the show has wrapped up. One of those pieces is the streaming of the opening sequence, which is always welcome as itâs a great way to show off a series to people with minimal investment as it might catch their eye through music or design elements. The series was directed by Munehisa Sakai based on the series composition by Shigeru Murakoshi, who also wrote most of the scripts. Kasumi Fukagawa handled the character designs while MAPPA oversaw the animation production. The Japanese cast includes Mamoru Miyano as KĆtarĆ Tatsumi, Kaede Hondo as Sakura Minamoto, Asami Tano as Saki NikaidĆ, Risa Taneda as Ai Mizuno, Maki Kawase as Junko Konno, Rika Kinugawa as YĆ«giri, and Minami Tanaka as Lily Hoshikawa. With the English language dub, Jad Saxton is the ADR director for it with Tia Ballard as the assistant ADR Director working from scripts by Katelyn Barr. The English cast includes Brina Palencia as Sakura Minamoto, Ricco Fajardo as Kotaro Tatsumi, Caitlin Glass as Saki Nikaido, Amanda Lee as Junko Konno, Stephanie Young as Yugiri, Sarah Wiedenheft as Lily Hoshikawa, Bryn Apprill as Ai Mizuno, Dawn M. Bennett as Tae Yamada, Alejandro Saab as Romero, Cris George as Wig, and Mike McFarland as Hochu. Check out the official site and Twitter . Plot Concept : A typical morning. The usual music. Their normal lives. The peace these seven girls experience will suddenly be destroyed. By the living dead⊠zombies. A reality that they never wanted a part of, an amazing and terrifying zombie world. They all share one wish: âWe want to live.â These girls will struggle through this saga, in order to achieve a miracle. Chris has been writing about anime, manga, https://www.fandompost.com/2019/01/07/funimation-streams-the-zombieland-saga-anime-opening-sequence (at Atlantic/Bermuda) https://www.instagram.com/p/BsZ1hfVhyDAe2CnzjknmOtriHOG3EeeaY4xXlk0/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=4vr2drka014n
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The following post was written by Historical Collections Project Assistant Gabrielle Barr, who has been processing the New York Academy of Medicine Collection of International Medical Theses.
As a fellow Virginian, I could not help but point out the work of William Riddick Whitehead, who was born in Suffolk, Virginia on December 15, 1831 to Louisiana sugar planter William Boyken Whitehead and Emmeline Flynn (Riddick) Whitehead, a descendent of Revolutionary War hero Col. Willis Riddick. Whitehead attended Virginia Military Institute in Lexington, Virginia from 1847 through 1851, graduating 26th in a class of 29. He also attended the University of Virginia from 1851 to 1852 and the University of Pennsylvania in 1853. Later, Whitehead went on to pursue his doctorate at the University of Paris where he wrote his thesis about dropsy and its varieties.
Whitehead had a long and varied career. Through Prince Gortchakoff, the Russian ambassador at Vienna, Whitehead secured a position as a surgeon with the Russian Army during Crimean War. He was ordered to Odessa and then later Sevastopol, where he obtained extensive experience in army surgery under the prominent Russian surgeon, Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov who supervised all foreign surgeons enlisted with the Russian Army during the Crimea conflict. Whitehead was decorated by the Czar with the Cross of the Imperial Order. Â He then returned to United States to be a Professor of Clinical Medicine at New York Medical College. During the American Civil War, Whitehead was appointed Surgeon of the 44th Virginia on July 4, 1861, and he was promoted to be the Assistant Division Surgeon in November of 1862. In May of 1863, Whitehead was the attending surgeon in the ambulance that removed the wounded âStonewallâ Jackson from the battlefield at Chancellorsville. Whitehead was captured along with other Confederate wounded on July 4, 1863 during the Battle of Gettysburg and was held at Fort McHenry, but he managed to escape on August 23, 1863, making his way to New York, Canada, and Bermuda, where he took part in running the blockade. Following the Civil War, Whitehead set up a medical practice in New York City but then moved to Denver, Colorado in 1872 due to the ill health of his wife and son. There he began teaching medicine at the University of Denver and acted as the Chairman of Medicine and Surgery at the University of Colorado Medical School between 1883 and 1885. Â Whitehead served on the common council of Denver and was appointed the chair of the Committee on Health, where he initiated Denverâs adoption of their sewage system in 1874. Additionally, Whitehead help found the medical schools at the University of Denver and the University of Colorado, was an active member of the American Medical Congress, American Orthopedic Association, and the Colorado State Medical Association, and contributed to numerous journals. Â He was particularly interested in the treatment of cleft palate and developed a procedure now known as the âWhitehead Operation.â Â He died on October 13, 1902. His memoir, Adventures of an American surgeon: a 19th century memoir is located in HSLâs Special Collections.
Sources Consulted:
http://archivesweb.vmi.edu/rosters/record.php?ID=446
New Perspectives on Russian-American Relations. William Benton Whisenhunt and Norman E. Saul, eds. New York: Routledge, 2015.
Rutkow, Ira M. The History of Surgery in the United States 1775-1900, Vol. II. San Francisco: Norman Publishing, 1992.
The National Cyclopedia of American Biography being the History of the United States, Vol.10 New York:Â James T. White & Company: 1909.
Whitehead, William Riddick. A 19th Century Memoir: Adventures of an American Surgeon. Bethesda, Maryland: Whitehead Books, 2002.
Zimmer, Amy B. Images of America: Denverâs Capitol Hill Neighborhood. Chareleston, South Carolina:Â Arcadia Publishing, 2009.
Additional Sources:
Brown, Kent Masterson. Retreat from Gettysburg: Lee, Logistics, & the Pennsylvania Campaign. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: The University of North Carolina Press, 2005.
âHauntings of Monfort Farmâ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oaKYtWq9U8Q
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TSG SPOTLIGHT: Lis Halfpapp and Fred DeVito, Founders of Exhale Spa
Fred DeVito and Lis Halfpapp, by Melinda DiMauro Photography.
Barre studios began appearing in our New Jersey communities eight years ago and caught on quickly with the allure of long graceful muscles, good posture and the significant results students were experiencing in a relatively short period of time. With the workoutâs combination of ballet, yoga and Pilates, it became very popular for all ages and the perfect choice for a society where so many of us spend our days hunched over devices.
With the hundreds of barre programs that are now available, some may think of the workout as a new fad. However, Fred DeVito and Lis Halfpapp, the founders of Exhale - the purveyor of barre classes, spa therapies, and well-being programs - have been teaching barre classes for over 36 years.Â
Lis and Fredâs partnership and love of fitness began over 40 years ago when they met at their New Jersey high school, Lis a cheerleader and Fred a football player. Having danced since she was a young child, Lis began teaching ballet in her teens and in 1980, after graduating from the Hartford School of Ballet Teacher Training program, she saw a Lotte Berk Method ad in the NY Times looking for former dancers to teach at the first barre studio in the U.S. on the Upper East Side of New York City.
Lotte Berk, a German ballerina, created the barre technique incorporating strength-training, dance, orthopedic back exercises, and Hatha yoga rolled into an intense, hour-long mind-body workout. She named it Lotte Berk Method and taught it to a devoted following in London in the â60s and â70s. Â Â
I was fortunate to be able to sit down with Fred and Lis and ask them about their journey with barre fitness. As a student of their Core Fusion classes I already knew Fred and Lis to be extremely passionate and dedicated instructors, but I learned from our interview that they are also truly two of the kindest and most humble visionaries Iâve had the pleasure of meeting.
TSG: Â Tell us about your health and wellness path - how did you turn your passion into this career?
Lis: Â I began ballet at the age of five and as a child I decided that whatever I end up choosing as a career, it should be something I love to do because I knew Iâd be spending a lot of time doing it. I continued dancing and performing and became a cheerleader in high school. I knew how good I felt every time I took a dance class and I wanted to share that with others.
Fred: Â I was a high school and college athlete and I studied health and physical education in college. I became a public school teacher in PE and health right out of college in the late â70s and early â80s. At that time Health and PE classes were the extent of the well-being arena. I gradually worked my way into personal training and then had a chance to begin working at Lotte Berk Method when they needed someone to work the front desk. The studio was for women only and in order to get my foot in door I had to be the receptionist for a few months. When they eventually allowed me to become a teacher, I officially became the first male barre teacher in the world. That was in 1984.
Lis and Fred in their Summit, NJ studio, Melinda DiMauro Photography.
TSG: Â Even though you have been teaching barre classes since the â80s, the barre workout did not become well known until the 2000s. The Core Fusion workout you developed for Exhale is based on the Lotte Berk Method you taught for 20 years. How is it different than the technique you originally taught? Â Â
Fred: We learned a lot in those 22 years at Lotte Berk Method and when we decided to move on, we understood what worked and what was missing because LBM was a very specific technique that didn't allow for much wiggle room. Once we left LBM we dove deeply into the study of pilates, yoga, psychical therapy, exercise science and functional fitness, and realized all the missing pieces to a well-balanced program.
Lis: Things are always changing and evolving in the movement world as they should, and since the first day of Core Fusion 14 years ago, our class has evolved into a different place as well. We like to work with muscular confusion so that the muscles are sharp and react to what they are being given. Instead of having a scripted class, we like to shake up the pattern. There are sections of the class that will always remain the same, but within these sections there are many varieties that our teachers choose from so each class is different and the muscles can be challenged, and this stems from classical ballet technique training.
âSomeone who takes a barre class will be burning more calories 24 hours a day than someone who takes a spin class and this will help with weight control and reducing inches.â
TSG: Â After running 30+ miles a week for 30 years, I now attend barre classes 4 times a week and my body has never been this toned and strong. Can you explain why 4 hours each week in a barre studio can put me in the best shape of my life when weâve heard for so many years that a cardio workout such as running is the most results efficient workout?
Fred: There are different types of cardio. There is running or riding a bike where you will maintain a 75% heart rate for 45 minutes to an hour - a fat burning cardio people need in their lives. When a barre class is taught with energy, pace and flow, it is an interval training type of cardio where you are are doing high intensity work for a time, and then lower intensity stretching. Â
Most people who take barre classes, and only barre classes on a regular basis, maintain a very healthy heart and cardiovascular system because if itâs taught the right way, itâs great training for your heart. Itâs not the same as running or biking - you donât get that same endorphin rush that you get for longer duration activities.
But do you need both? Yes. Do you need more of one than the other? Yes. You need more barre because barre is strength and flexibility training. It is the strength training that improves your muscle density and your muscle density is what improves your resting metabolic rate which is the rate at which you burn calories at rest. And you only get that improvement from strength training, not from cardio. So when people take a spinning class, they may burn 400 or 500 calories in an hour and the other 23 hours of the day they go back to a resting metabolic rate that is subpar. Someone who takes a barre class will be burning more calories 24 hours a day than someone who takes a spin class and this will help with weight control and reducing inches.
It is very important to give yourself enough time to learn the barre technique. The barre technique is all about the fine details and improving them. When you are in the right position and working with high intensity, there is no way that you will not get cardio benefits - you will be breathing heavily, sweating profusely, you will be building strength and getting cardio work at the same time. It can be compared to sprint training - sprinting and walking vs. strengthening and stretching. Â It is a very intense heart strengthening technique which prepares you for any other sport.
Lis: We find that when new students come to us who have been used to only cardio, such as runners, they find our workout very challenging. In our Core Fusion class at Exhale we really push pace and flow to maintain heart rate and make it an intense workout. If a barre instructor doesnât understand pace and flow, you may leave class feeling you haven't had a good workout. We pride ourselves on how we train instructors to teach this well. Â
Exhaleâs Summit, NJ studio, Melinda DiMauro Photography.
âThese women never seemed to age physically or physiologically and even today the same women are with us and it is as if our classes are the fountain of youth.â
TSG: Â Describe your âah-haâ moment when you felt you were succeeding at what you do.
Fred: Â One of the reasons we knew we had to move on from LBM was because the owner didn't want to expand the business. There were two studios - one in New York City and one in Bridgehampton. We taught a very targeted group of women - Upper East Side women and NY City business women. We knew we had something special because we saw how those students were affected by what we do - how their bodies were ageless. As they aged numerically these women never seemed to age physically or physiologically and even today the same women are with us and it is as if our classes are the fountain of youth because they are now in their 60s and 70s and they donât look any different than when they were in their 40s and 50s.
We had a LBM student approach us (now our CEO, Annbeth Eschbach) with her idea for Exhale - to expand and take the classes nationwide, and Lis and I loved her idea. In 2003 we expanded outside of NYC to Boston. Once we opened Boston, we realized we really had something we could share with the world and that gave us so much fuel to keep expanding this business. In New York, we always had a group of teachers that we could stay on top of and watch the quality control, but  it was something we worried about once we opened Boston, Chicago and then Dallas. We realized that the way to maintain quality without being present comes from training the leaders correctly and holding them accountable. This was another ah-hah moment when we knew we could scale and not loose quality or be diluted.
Lis: Â We opened our 30th property with Bermuda last year and have 170 teachers across the country and over 50,000 students a month nationwide in our barre classes alone. Students are seeing results and teachers are teaching on brand. We are not a franchise - we own all the studios under one umbrella and we know every teacher in every studio in every location nationwide. We find it so remarkable that the barre industry has grown out of that one studio on Madison Avenue to where it is today with Pure Barre, Bar Method, Barre3, and a plethora of others. It has tickled me with happiness to see how it has mushroomed into what it is today.
TSG: Â Describe your philosophy about food, exercise and a life well lived.
Lis: Moderation.
Fred: 80/20. 80% of the time Iâm good and 20% I cheat. A lot of exercise professionals are very strict - vegan and no alcohol which is no fun. Iâm Italian so itâs not realistic for me. I love my red wine with dinner, I enjoy a steak and a burger once in awhile, I make my own pizza - just all in moderation. Lis makes her own desserts from scratch. Itâs enjoying life - we work so hard and exercise so that we can enjoy life. That is why during our Exhale retreats in Bermuda and Turks and Caicos we serve great meals and great wine!
TSG: Â A perfect day off?
Lis:Â A leisurely breakfast, with a visit to the beach (the Hamptons), quiet recreational time, and being able to spend time with Fred. Â
Fred:Â Being with Lis. We spend a lot of time apart so it makes the time we do spend together that much more important and meaningful. Weâve been married 33 years and we donât take each other for granted. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
TSG: Â The project you are most proud of?
Lis:Â Our Barre Teacher Training Program. When we started Exhale we only trained teachers to work at Exhale, but then three years ago we decided to open up the teacher training to anyone because the industry was expanding and we wanted to educate as many people as we could on how to teach barre. We now train teachers around the world and are about to embark on offering online barre teacher training. We are very proud of how many people outside the walls of Exhale we train to either be teachers or to help gain better knowledge of barre because a lot of barre students take the program to improve their knowledge - not necessarily to teach.
Exhaleâs Turks + Caicos location.
TSG: Â What is next?
Lis: Â I hope to teach until Iâm in my 90s as Lotte did (if people will still come to my class!). We have been growing alongside our students and have seen them through many life changes such a marriage, kids, even grandchildren now, and I want to continue to be a part of their lives. It feeds my soul.
Fred:  We want to continue to open more properties, expand our teacher training and to have more of an impact on as many people as we can touch until we get to the point where we want to sit back and get more into our hobbies. Iâve been a  jazz bass player all my life - I love music and I used to preform professionally and there will probably come a time when I want to perform again, but until then we want to help people understand that this is a lifestyle, not just an exercise class.
Exhale Spa Summit | 7 Bank Street, Summit, NJ | 908.206.1102
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Ceux qui partent et ceux qui restent
Chapitre 5: Le projet dâinclusion historique
Je nâai reparlĂ© Ă Benjamin Hervieux quâun mois plus tard. Il avait neigĂ© la semaine dâavant et le mur contre lequel Ă©tait accotĂ© mon bureau Ă©tait aussi froid quâun glaçon. Ă la fin de son cours â le dernier de la journĂ©e â monsieur Drouin nous a parlĂ© du projet de fin dâĂ©tape : le projet dâinclusion historique. En Ă©quipe de deux, nous allions devoir choisir une pĂ©riode historique, la dĂ©crire et trouver les impacts sur notre sociĂ©tĂ© actuelle.
- Ă votre grande dĂ©ception, jâen suis sĂ»r, câest moi qui formerai les Ă©quipes.
Personnellement, jâĂ©tais heureuse. Ă entendre les autres soupirer, je devais ĂȘtre la seule, mais comme je nâavais aucun ami dans mon cours dâhistoire, monsieur Drouin mâĂ©vitait un moment humiliant. Il sâest positionnĂ© devant les deux premiĂšres rangĂ©es, la mienne et celle de Benjamin, et a claquĂ© ses mains ensemble.
- PremiÚre rangée, regardez à gauche. DeuxiÚme rangée, regardez à droite. Voici votre partenaire. Dites-vous bonjour.
Et il sâest Ă©loignĂ© vers les rangĂ©es trois et quatre pour recommencer le processus. Je regardais Benjamin qui, pour une raison qui mâĂ©chappait, persistait Ă venir Ă lâĂ©cole en bermuda malgrĂ© le vent glacial qui pĂ©nĂ©trait dans lâĂ©cole. MĂȘme moi, jâaurais aimĂ© pouvoir troquer mes collants contre une paire de pantalons. Je le regardais et il mâa souri exposant sa dent. Sa main droite sâest levĂ©e pour me saluer.
- Salut.
- Salut, je suis content dâĂȘtre avec toi. On va faire une belle Ă©quipe.
Il avait raison. On allait faire une bonne Ă©quipe.
Pendant les trois semaines qui ont suivi, celles avant le congĂ© des fĂȘtes, je passais tous mes moments libres avec Benjamin. Assis au fond de la cafĂ©tĂ©ria avec des chocolats chauds sur lâheure du midi, debout autour de nos bureaux quâon avait collĂ©s pendant le cours dâhistoire pour faire nos pancartes et choisir nos photos, dehors prĂšs du dĂ©barcadĂšre des autobus alors quâil attendait mon transfert jusquâĂ Joliette prĂšs de moi en me parlant de ce quâil avait lu sur tel ou tel sujet quâil disait « obligatoire Ă inclure dans notre prĂ©sentation. » Pendant trois semaines, jâai appris Ă connaĂźtre Benjamin Hervieux, son amour du soccer qui lâavait amenĂ© au collĂšge, la façon quâil avait de regarder vers le ciel quand il expliquait quelque chose ou essayait de formuler une phrase, le fait quâil gardait toujours une barre tendre au chocolat dans son casier au cas oĂč il y aurait une tempĂȘte et quâil serait coincĂ© Ă lâĂ©cole, sa passion pour Star Wars et pour Le seigneur des Anneaux. Il me parlait de ses deux sĆurs qui lui avaient montrĂ© comment faire des tresses et comment parler aux filles, de son pĂšre pĂ©diatre qui adorait faire des blagues et de sa mĂšre qui faisait tout elle-mĂȘme, du pain jusquâau savon pour la vaisselle. Je lui ai parlĂ© de ma mĂšre, de Camille, de mon pĂšre absent depuis mes six ans. Il a Ă©tĂ© le deuxiĂšme, aprĂšs Camille, qui ne me connaissait pas Ă lâĂ©poque Ă connaĂźtre lâhistoire de son dĂ©part et Ă comprendre pourquoi je suis incapable de manger une sandwich aux Ćufs depuis.
AprĂšs Sabine, Benjamin Ă©tait mon meilleur ami au collĂšge et aprĂšs Camille, mon meilleur ami tout court. Il apportait toujours des bonbons quand on allait avoir du temps pour travailler sur notre projet pendant le cours dâhistoire et mĂȘme aprĂšs, « juste parce que ça lui tentait. » Je me suis rapidement habituĂ©e Ă sa dent surĂ©levĂ©e et Ă lâodeur de bas qui le suivait aprĂšs une pratique de soccer ou un cours dâĂ©ducation physique. Jâavais trouvĂ© un ami qui mâavait fourni une place dans un milieu qui mâĂ©tait solitaire jusquâalors.
- Pourquoi tu as Ă©tĂ© transfĂ©rĂ©e au collĂšge? Je sais pas pourquoi je te lâai jamais demandĂ©.
Notre prĂ©sentation avait lieu le lendemain Ă la premiĂšre pĂ©riode. On avait presque fini, il ne nous restait plus quâĂ nous pratiquer. Je connaissais ma partie par cĆur, Ă©videmment, mais Benjamin Ă©tait plus du style Ă connaĂźtre les grandes lignes et improviser ce qui me frustrait au plus haut point.
CâĂ©tait la troisiĂšme fois quâil venait chez moi donc quâon prenait lâautobus jusquâĂ ThĂ©rĂšse-Martin, quâil voyait Camille qui prenait lâautobus voisin du mien et quâil embarquait dans mon autobus, celui que je prenais depuis mon transfert en deuxiĂšme annĂ©e. CâĂ©tait la troisiĂšme fois quâil faisait quarante-cinq minutes dâautobus alors quâaller chez lui en prenait vingt. CâĂ©tait la troisiĂšme fois quâil entrait dans ma maison, mais la premiĂšre fois quâil venait dans ma chambre. Ma mĂšre avait invitĂ© son amie Claude et, comme Ă leur habitude, le vin les avait rendues bruyantes et ricaneuses. Surtout quâelles avaient quelque chose Ă fĂȘter, ma mĂšre venait tout juste dâacheter la garderie oĂč elle travaillait depuis mes un an. Lâancienne propriĂ©taire avait toujours beaucoup aimĂ© ma mĂšre et son histoire alors, avant de prendre sa retraite, elle lui avait vendu moins cher que sa valeur normale. Jâavais donc entraĂźnĂ© Benjamin, nos trois pancartes et notre PowerPoint jusquâau deuxiĂšme Ă©tage. Le voir dans ce nouvel environnement avait changĂ© quelque chose chez moi. Il Ă©tait simplement assis sur ma chaise de bureau, Ă tourner sur lui-mĂȘme en lançant dans les airs une balle quâil avait trouvĂ©e sur le terrain de lâĂ©cole ce matin-lĂ avant de la rattraper. Il touchait Ă mes crayons, Ă mon ordinateur. Il avait frĂŽlĂ© les affiches sur le mur derriĂšre mon lit du bout des doigts et sâĂ©tait accoudĂ© sur les barreaux de mon lit. Il Ă©tait lĂ et je ne savais pas si jâallais pouvoir effacer sa prĂ©sence une fois que sa mĂšre serait venue le chercher dans leur mini fourgonnette marine.
- Jâai gagnĂ© gĂ©nie en herbe en secondaire deux et ils mâont offert une bourse. Jâaurais aimĂ© rester Ă ThĂ©rĂšse-Martin, mais câĂ©tait trop une belle opportunitĂ©.
- Mais comment ils ont fait pour te trouver? Câest rare quâils recrutent dans des Ă©coles secondaires, câest plus au primaire dâhabitude.
Il Ă©tait rempli dâune logique et dâune perspicacitĂ© Ă un Ăąge oĂč tout le monde se contente de prendre ce quâon leur dit pour la vĂ©ritĂ© sans chercher Ă voir plus loin. CâĂ©tait rafraĂźchissant.
- Jâai une note Ă mon dossier : intelligence supĂ©rieure, voir direction pour plus dâinformations.
Benjamin lâa pris comme une blague et je nâavais pas envie de lui expliquer. Pas maintenant. Peut-ĂȘtre plus tard, quand il allait me connaĂźtre assez pour ne pas me juger.
- Câest vraiment bizarre.
Sa mĂšre, rĂ©glĂ©e comme une horloge, est venue le chercher Ă vingt et une heures prĂ©cise. Je lâai regardĂ© monter dans la mini fourgonnette et jâai suivi la voiture des yeux jusquâĂ ce quâelle disparaisse au bout de la rue. Quand je suis remontĂ©e dans ma chambre, aprĂšs avoir dit bonjour Ă Claude et pris ma douche, il y avait quelque chose de changĂ©. Tout Ă©tait Ă sa place, rien ne manquait et rien ne sâĂ©tait ajoutĂ©, mais lâair Ă©tait diffĂ©rent. Il Ă©tait chargĂ© du parfum de bonbon qui trahissait le passage de Benjamin et de lâodeur du shampooing et gel douche trois en un « au parfum masculin dâagrume de verdure et dâambre » dâAdidas quâil utilisait lorsquâil prenait sa douche Ă lâĂ©cole. Jâavais volĂ© la bouteille dans son sac un midi oĂč il Ă©tait venu me rejoindre Ă la cafĂ©tĂ©ria aprĂšs une pratique juste pour voir ce quâil utilisait. Le trois en un mâavait fait frĂ©mir, mais il nâen avait pas fait de cas. Dans ma tĂȘte, Benjamin Hervieux allait toujours sentir les agrumes masculins, la verdure et lâambre, peu importe ce que ça sent lâambre, mĂȘme aprĂšs quâil ait cessĂ© de lâutiliser.
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Public ou privĂ©, local ou national, individuel ou sectoriel, un systĂšme de notation appelĂ© « crĂ©dit social » se dĂ©ploie en Chine. Ă lâorigine, il imitait le systĂšme amĂ©ricain, qui attribue une bonne note aux emprunteurs payant rĂ©guliĂšrement leurs Ă©chĂ©ances. Puis il sâest Ă©tendu Ă dâautres types de comportements. Reportage Ă Hangzhou, siĂšge de lâentreprise Alibaba, et dans les campagnes du Shandong.
La scĂšne se dĂ©roule sous nos yeux prĂšs de lâentrĂ©e annexe de lâHĂŽpital du peuple n° 1 de Hangzhou, au sud de ShanghaĂŻ, dans la province du Zhejiang. La rue est calme. Une femme ĂągĂ©e fait le pied de grue sur un trottoir sĂ©parĂ© de la chaussĂ©e par une petite barriĂšre qui lui arrive aux genoux. Elle semble attendre un taxi. Les dos-dâĂąne se succĂšdent et les voitures, telle cette berline allemande, roulent au pas. Soudain, la femme enjambe la barriĂšre, descend du trottoir, sâincline sur le capot, puis bondit comme un cabri avant de sâasseoir au sol, les bras croisĂ©s. Le jeune conducteur sort de son vĂ©hicule et sâapproche, fĂ©brile. Sâensuit une heure de palabres, en prĂ©sence dâinfirmiers songeurs et dâun policier qui passait par lĂ , jusquâĂ la nĂ©gociation dâune indemnitĂ© compensatoire.
Cette scĂšne est un peng ci â littĂ©ralement : « toucher la porcelaine » â, une tentative dâextorsion pour faux accident, devenue si banale en Chine que les plates-formes de vidĂ©os en ligne regorgent de compilations parfois hilarantes, souvent dramatiques. La colĂšre monte face Ă ces actes, qui sâajoutent Ă bien dâautres entourloupes : scandales sanitaires ou alimentaires, contrefaçons, etc. De sorte que tout ce qui promet dâĂ©radiquer les margoulins a le vent en poupe auprĂšs de la population. Ainsi, le systĂšme de surveillance appelĂ© « crĂ©dit social » peut se dĂ©ployer tranquillement. Dâailleurs, depuis lâĂ©tĂ© dernier, les mots « honnĂȘteté » (cheng) et « crĂ©dibilité » (xin) fleurissent sur les affiches de propagande qui accompagnent cet ensemble de mĂ©canismes privĂ©s et publics dâĂ©valuation des individus, des officiels, des entreprises et des secteurs professionnels, rĂ©compensant les bons et pĂ©nalisant les mauvais.
Lin Junyue, chercheur pĂ©kinois, est lâun de ses thĂ©oriciens. En 1999, il intĂ©grait une Ă©quipe de travail Ă la demande du premier ministre dâalors, M. Zhu Rongji, qui le nommait ingĂ©nieur en chef. « Des entreprises amĂ©ricaines lui avaient demandĂ© de crĂ©er des outils pour en savoir plus sur les entreprises chinoises auxquelles elles voulaient passer commande. Avec mes collĂšgues, nous avons donc fait des voyages dâĂ©tudes aux Ătats-Unis et en Europe, et nous avons compris quâil nous fallait construire mieux que ça : un systĂšme solide pour documenter la solvabilitĂ© des citoyens et des entreprises chinoises. Notre rapport, baptisĂ© âVers le systĂšme national de gestion de crĂ©dit â, est sorti en mars 2000, juste avant les [rĂ©unions des] deux AssemblĂ©es  (1). Le terme âcrĂ©dit social â est apparu en 2002, quand un officiel a suggĂ©rĂ© une symĂ©trie lexicale avec la SĂ©curitĂ© sociale », nous explique-t-il.
En 2006, la Banque populaire de Chine â la banque centrale â adopte le principe du credit score (« cote de crĂ©dit »), comme aux Ătats-Unis, oĂč cette note dĂ©marre gĂ©nĂ©ralement Ă 300 (trĂšs mĂ©diocre) et plafonne Ă 850 (trĂšs bon) (2). Puis Lin Junyue a poursuivi ses travaux. « Nous voulions explorer un crĂ©dit au sens large, avec une collecte dâinformations beaucoup plus Ă©toffĂ©e, Ă©manant par exemple du ministĂšre de la sĂ©curitĂ© de lâĂtat ou de celui des tĂ©lĂ©communications. Ce projet a Ă©tĂ© validĂ© en 2012 par la Commission pour le dĂ©veloppement et la rĂ©forme, qui a aussi trouvĂ© les villes-pilotes. »
Le chercheur rejette toute comparaison facile avec la sĂ©rie tĂ©lĂ©visĂ©e orwellienne Black Mirror (3), trĂšs populaire en Occident, et dĂ©ment lâhypothĂšse dâune note individuelle nationale (4) : « Nous nâen sommes pas lĂ , mĂȘme si nous allons plus loin que lâĂ©valuation standard de la solvabilitĂ©. Des informations de tous ordres vont ĂȘtre progressivement rassemblĂ©es sur un individu ou un organisme. Cela va surtout permettre Ă des gens ou Ă des entreprises irrĂ©prochables, mais nâayant aucun historique Ă©conomique, dâaccĂ©der, grĂące Ă de nouveaux critĂšres, Ă lâemprunt, Ă des appels dâoffres et Ă beaucoup dâautres nouvelles chances. »
Programmes « Filet du ciel » ou « yeux perçants »
Quarante-trois municipalitĂ©s-pilotes testent le dispositif jusquâen 2020. Chacune a sa batterie de critĂšres, son systĂšme de lettres ou de points, et choisit mĂȘme son nom : « CrĂ©dit social de la fleur de prunier  » pour Suzhou, « CrĂ©dit social de jasmin » pour Xiamen. Presque toutes tirent parti des donnĂ©es collectĂ©es sur les rĂ©seaux sociaux ou sur les applications de smartphones, mais aussi dâune vidĂ©osurveillance toujours plus sophistiquĂ©e. En 2020, la totalitĂ© des lieux publics urbains majeurs devraient ĂȘtre dotĂ©s de camĂ©ras Ă reconnaissance faciale : câest le programme « Filet du ciel ». Ă la campagne se dĂ©ploie le programme « Yeux perçants », qui permet aux paysans de relier leurs tĂ©lĂ©viseurs ou leurs smartphones aux camĂ©ras de surveillance placĂ©es aux entrĂ©es du village. « Le sentiment de sĂ©curitĂ© est le meilleur cadeau quâun pays puisse offrir Ă son peuple », avait dĂ©clarĂ© le prĂ©sident Xi Jinping dans un documentaire diffusĂ© Ă la tĂ©lĂ©vision nationale Ă partir du 10 juillet 2017, avant le XIXe congrĂšs du Parti communiste chinois. Le film rappelait que prĂšs dâune camĂ©ra de vidĂ©osurveillance sur deux (42  %) dans le monde se trouvait en Chine.
Lin Junyue, quant Ă lui, surveille comment les municipalitĂ©s pionniĂšres sâemparent de son dispositif de crĂ©dit social. « à Suqian, le respect du code de la route est apparu comme essentiel dans la notation. Ă Rongcheng, on se concentre sur la moralitĂ©, le civisme. Ă Hangzhou, on bĂątit une rĂ©putation de ville innovante et connectĂ©e. Notre Ă©quipe observe ce processus de prĂšs, tout en planchant sur la protection des donnĂ©es personnelles, car il faudra un cadre. Il existe dâailleurs une norme internationale Ă ce sujet : lâISO/TC 290. Mais, trop protectrice, elle est un frein Ă lâĂ©conomie. » Et de conclure : « En 2020, les rĂšgles seront mises en place, les punitions et les gratifications inventĂ©es. Lâinfrastructure sera crĂ©Ă©e, et le pays pourra lâĂ©pouser. » Pour PĂ©kin, ce sera en 2021.
La ville de Hangzhou conjugue deux systĂšmes de notation depuis 2015. Lâun est municipal, toujours embryonnaire et inconnu de tous les habitants que nous avons pu interroger. Lâautre est privĂ©, populaire et trĂšs prisĂ© des autoritĂ©s : le crĂ©dit SĂ©same dâAnt Financial, la branche financiĂšre dâAlibaba, fleuron de lâe-commerce chinois dont le siĂšge est Ă Hangzhou. Ce crĂ©dit privĂ© attribue des notes allant de 350 Ă 950 aux usagers de lâapplication de paiement Alipay (Zhifubao en chinois), trĂšs populaire en Chine et monopolistique ici. Les bien notĂ©s se voient offrir des « privilĂšges » et peuvent accĂ©der Ă de juteux produits financiers ainsi quâau service de prĂȘt rapide Jie Bei, figurant sur lâapplication Alipay (5).
DessinĂ© par des architectes de Seattle, lâimmeuble Z Space est le deuxiĂšme bureau en quatre ans dâAnt Financial. La sociĂ©tĂ© nâemploie pour le moment « que » 3 600 personnes, mais lâĂ©difice peut en accueillir 8 000. Des vigiles Ă oreillette, taillĂ©s comme des militaires de la garde dâhonneur, surveillent les flux de jeunes salariĂ©s en bermuda bariolĂ© Ă©quipĂ©s dâĂ©couteurs Beats dernier cri, qui dĂ©boulent Ă vĂ©lo Ă©lectrique ou en voiture de sport. Alipay est lâune des poules aux Ćufs dâor du groupe et revendiquait 700 millions dâutilisateurs actifs en septembre 2018, contre 500 millions un an plus tĂŽt. Son principe consiste en un code QR (pour quick response, un code-barres en deux dimensions) Ă scanner. Adieu la mitraille : mĂȘme des mendiants arborent un code QR autour du cou.
Choisir Alipay, câest aussi laisser Ant Financial amasser une avalanche dâinformations personnelles, comme le dĂ©tail de ses courses en taxi et de ses achats Ă la supĂ©rette, ses factures mĂ©dicales, sa gĂ©nĂ©rositĂ©. Ă lâimage dâun Facebook gĂ©nĂ©rant des publicitĂ©s Ă partir des interactions de ses utilisateurs, le crĂ©dit SĂ©same est Ă©tabli Ă partir des achats frĂ©nĂ©tiques effectuĂ©s par le biais dâAlipay. Et bien au-delĂ . « Avec le consentement de lâutilisateur, SĂ©same collecte et analyse cinq types de donnĂ©es, recueillies via la plate-forme Alipay, mais aussi via dâautres grandes plates-formes partenaires. Ces donnĂ©es sont les transactions dâachat, le remboursement de petits prĂȘts Ă la consommation, le patrimoine immobilier et les produits financiers de lâutilisateur, son profil personnel â tel que son niveau de diplĂŽme et ses loisirs â et ses transferts dâargent effectuĂ©s auprĂšs dâautres utilisateurs Alipay », nous explique M. Le Shen, un porte-parole dâAnt Financial, avant de prĂ©ciser : « SĂ©same ne sâintĂ©resse pas aux donnĂ©es GPS de lâutilisateur, ni Ă sa messagerie ou Ă son historique dâappels. »
En fĂ©vrier 2015, Li Yingyun, directeur de la technologie du crĂ©dit SĂ©same, expliquait le calcul de la note dans le magazine Ă©conomique chinois Caixin : « Quelquâun qui joue Ă des jeux vidĂ©o [en ligne et payants] dix heures par jour, par exemple, sera considĂ©rĂ© comme une personne paresseuse, alors que quelquâun qui achĂšte frĂ©quemment des couches-culottes sera prĂ©sumĂ© ĂȘtre un parent, qui aura donc un sens plus aigu des responsabilitĂ©s  (6).  » Depuis, aucune autre information nâa filtrĂ© sur ce que capte lâalgorithme. Ces temps-ci, les bien notĂ©s du crĂ©dit SĂ©same nâintĂ©ressent plus seulement Ant Financial. Des entreprises, et mĂȘme des consulats, cherchent Ă attirer ces individus prometteurs. Ainsi, le service de rencontres en ligne Baihe met en avant les cĂ©libataires les mieux notĂ©s. De grandes chaĂźnes dâhĂŽtels, les principaux opĂ©rateurs de vĂ©los partagĂ©s ou les loueurs de voitures Ă©pargnent le montant de la caution, particuliĂšrement Ă©levĂ© en Chine, aux scores supĂ©rieurs Ă 650. Une plate-forme de location de matĂ©riel photographique, vidĂ©o et informatique leur est rĂ©servĂ©e. Un bon SĂ©same peut mĂȘme appuyer une demande de visa pour Singapour ou pour le Canada.
FlorilĂšge dâincivilitĂ©s sur la chaĂźne locale
Depuis 2004, la municipalitĂ© de Hangzhou octroie une « carte de citoyen » Ă chaque rĂ©sident ĂągĂ© de 16 ans et plus : un badge magnĂ©tique multifonctions, qui fait office de carte de sĂ©curitĂ© sociale, de carte de transports, de moyen de paiement des amendes routiĂšres aux bornes appropriĂ©es, et qui permet lâaccĂšs gratuit aux parcs de la ville. Ă lâĂ©poque, les autoritĂ©s annonçaient vouloir crĂ©er par ce biais une vaste base de donnĂ©es pour mieux cerner les besoins des habitants. Depuis juin 2018, le dĂ©tenteur de cette carte citoyenne peut, sâil le souhaite, basculer vers une application smartphone offrant les services Ă©quivalents. Pour sâidentifier, il lui faut renseigner son crĂ©dit SĂ©same, lequel est dĂ©tectĂ© par reconnaissance faciale. Cette manipulation technique apporte la preuve formelle dâune passerelle entre Alibaba et lâadministration de Hangzhou. Un bon crĂ©dit SĂ©same certifie, aux yeux de celle-ci, que vous ĂȘtes un bon citoyen.
De son cĂŽtĂ©, la banque centrale, qui, en 2015, nâavait rĂ©ussi Ă attribuer une cote de crĂ©dit quâĂ un quart de la population chinoise, a longtemps laissĂ© SĂ©same et sept autres entreprises financiĂšres accĂ©der Ă toutes les informations bancaires et fiscales de la population. « Elle a fini par lancer son propre credit score, baptisĂ© Baihang, en mai 2018, avec ces huit entreprises comme actionnaires minoritaires », prĂ©cise Lin Junyue.
Il faut voyager plus au nord, jusquâĂ la ville portuaire de Rongcheng, dans la province du Shandong, pour prendre la mesure de ce quâest un crĂ©dit social municipal pleinement opĂ©rationnel et chapeautĂ© intĂ©gralement par la force publique. « Si Hangzhou construit sa marque autour des entreprises de high-tech et fait la part belle au crĂ©dit SĂ©same, Rongcheng est plutĂŽt connue pour sa gestion active du crĂ©dit des citoyens. La ville se focalise sur lâĂ©lĂ©vation morale des habitants. Vous constaterez quâils ont fait beaucoup en matiĂšre dâincitations », nous prĂ©vient Lin Junyue. Ă Rongcheng, en effet, se mĂȘlent zĂšle, conviction et⊠beaucoup de bricolage.
En cette fin de journĂ©e, le parc entourant la mairie est quasi dĂ©sert. Un vieux couple aux tuniques rapiĂ©cĂ©es nous en explique la raison : « Câest lâheure de âLa vie du peuple 360 â. Beaucoup se prĂ©cipitent devant leur tĂ©lĂ©viseur. » Chaque soir, la chaĂźne locale diffuse un florilĂšge de comportements inciviques saisis par la vidĂ©osurveillance au cours des derniĂšres vingt-quatre heures. Des culottes accrochĂ©es aux grilles dâun lotissement, un vieux canapĂ© abandonnĂ© sur un trottoir ou, pis encore, des chauffeurs qui ne ralentissent pas aux passages cloutĂ©s ou des piĂ©tons qui traversent nâimporte oĂč : les sĂ©quences sâenchaĂźnent Ă un rythme haletant. Les numĂ©ros de plaque minĂ©ralogique, les visages et parfois les noms des trublions sont exhibĂ©s, entre deux mises en garde de policiers impassibles, les yeux rivĂ©s sur un prompteur.
Bienvenue Ă Rongcheng, connue pour sa pĂȘche, son industrie de la caravane et sa rĂ©serve hivernale de cygnes mongols. Une bourgade devenue une ville en six ans, avec lâabsorption des villages Ă vingt kilomĂštres Ă la ronde. Ă Rongcheng et dans la quasi-totalitĂ© des 919 villages dĂ©pendant de sa juridiction, le crĂ©dit social a Ă©tĂ© mis en place dĂšs 2013, entraĂźnant une Ă©volution palpable des comportements et des interactions sociales. Les habitants disposent dâun capital de dĂ©part de 1 000 points et figurent dâoffice dans la catĂ©gorie A. Au grĂ© des points quâils glanent ou quâils perdent, ils montent vers A+ ou tombent vers les catĂ©gories B, C ou D. Il suffit de perdre un point pour se situer Ă un score de 999, glisser vers le B et se voir refuser un prĂȘt immobilier par la banque. Câest Ă la mairie, dans un bureau flambant neuf, que lâon vient rĂ©cupĂ©rer sa note, sous la forme dâun certificat dĂ»ment tamponnĂ©.
« Mountain River, Landscape Series No 1 » (Torrent, de la série Paysage no 1), 2006-2007
Galerie Michael Schultz, Berlin
Depuis quâun dĂ©tritus abandonnĂ© vaut le chĂątiment dâune perte de trois points, les trottoirs comme les bus sont dâune propretĂ© confondante. Pas un mĂ©got ni une canette vide Ă lâhorizon. Et nul besoin dâĂȘtre pris en flagrant dĂ©lit par un agent pour ĂȘtre sanctionnĂ©Â : les nombreuses camĂ©ras Hikvision â le leader mondial de la tĂ©lĂ©surveillance, dont lâĂtat chinois est lâactionnaire majoritaire â y supplĂ©ent. Traverser la rue nâest plus une gageure : sur les artĂšres principales, les automobilistes sâarrĂȘtent Ă lâapproche du piĂ©ton â un fait rarissime en Chine. En cas de manquement, la sanction est rude : 50 yuans dâamende, trois points retirĂ©s du permis de conduire (qui en compte douze) et cinq points de crĂ©dit social en moins. « Câest arrivĂ© dâun coup, au printemps 2017. Du jour au lendemain, les voitures sâarrĂȘtaient devant nous. Je ne savais plus quoi faire ! », se souvient Mme Yuan, au fort accent mandchou.
De nombreux quartiers de la citĂ© ont aussi adoptĂ© une charte de bonne conduite, signĂ©e par les riverains. Celui de Qingshan, par exemple, affiche son savoir-vivre sur de larges panneaux bleus. Parmi les prioritĂ©s : bannir les films ou livres dits « jaunes » (câest-Ă -dire Ă©rotiques), ne plus faire pousser ses lĂ©gumes dans la rue, fuir les Ă©glises non enregistrĂ©es, cesser dâĂȘtre grossier avec ses voisins ou de se pavaner en voiture de luxe lors des mariages ou des funĂ©railles. Y dĂ©roger, câest prendre le risque de voir sa note dĂ©gringoler.
La vitalitĂ© du crĂ©dit social est encore plus manifeste dans les petits villages de lâagglomĂ©ration. Une centaine dâentre eux disposent dĂ©jĂ dâune « place du crĂ©dit social », oĂč des panneaux ludiques et colorĂ©s dĂ©taillent les commandements, affichent les visages des citoyens mĂ©ritants et prĂ©cisent les points ajoutĂ©s ou retirĂ©s durant le mois Ă©coulĂ©. Ă Dongdao Lu Jia, joli village aux ruelles fraĂźchement asphaltĂ©es, les habitants ont reçu, le 10 juillet 2018, un inventaire Ă la PrĂ©vert de la notation sociale. Douze pages oĂč lâon apprend que tailler les arbres fruitiers du voisin rapporte un point ; amener un aĂźnĂ© Ă lâhĂŽpital ou au marchĂ©, un point, avec une limite de deux trajets par mois ; sortir un vĂ©hicule du fossĂ©Â : un point ; aider Ă relever les compteurs dâeau, prĂȘter ses outils : un demi-point. Mais si les poules ne sont pas en cage, câest 200 yuans dâamende et dix points en moins ; une bagarre, 1 000 yuans et dix points ; jeter ses dĂ©chets dans la riviĂšre : 500 yuans et cinq points ; un graffiti ou un autocollant jugĂ© hostile au gouvernement : 1 000 yuans et cinquante points. La peine la plus redoutable sâabat sur ceux qui partent pĂ©titionner auprĂšs de lâĂ©chelon supĂ©rieur, sans passer par le chef du village (7) : 1 000 yuans dâamende et un basculement automatique dans la catĂ©gorie B.
Sâoffrir une beuverie⊠dans le village voisin
« Avant, le village payait des nettoyeurs, mais ils bossaient mal. Maintenant, on balaie nous-mĂȘmes. Ăa rapporte des points et ça fait faire des Ă©conomies », raconte M. Liu Jian Yi, 64 ans, plutĂŽt jovial, en treillis et chemise Ă fleurs. Ce paysan a longtemps arpentĂ© le pays et ses chantiers de construction, puis est revenu sâinstaller dans la maison de pierres grises oĂč il est nĂ©. « LĂ , je viens de rĂ©parer la cheminĂ©e dâun voisin. Si je le dĂ©clare Ă notre chef du Parti et si mon ami confirme, photographie Ă lâappui, on devra mâattribuer un point. Les notes sont dĂ©voilĂ©es chaque fin de mois sur une page WeChat, mais je nâai pas de smartphone. » Il se dit que les bien notĂ©s recevront des bourriches dâhuĂźtres et des bidons dâhuile pour le Nouvel An chinois. « Lâautre jour, un voisin mâa racontĂ© que le chef avait rassemblĂ© une Ă©quipe de vieux afin dâaller construire en ville un atelier pour travailleurs handicapĂ©s. Personne nâavait les qualifications. Pourtant, câest passĂ© quand mĂȘme, avec quelques pots-de-vin. Et câest lui qui est censĂ© nous attribuer des points ? Je me demande si câest sĂ©rieux ! »
Ă Ximu Jia, 250 habitants, le village voisin, que traverse une riviĂšre poissonneuse, on cultive le ginseng derriĂšre dâĂ©paisses toiles noires. La premiĂšre maisonnette, identique aux suivantes et encerclĂ©e de tessons Ă©tincelants, porte une grosse croix rouge sur son toit en bĂ©ton. Câest lâĂ©glise protestante, ouverte deux fois par semaine pour une vingtaine de fidĂšles. Une dame trapue aux cheveux courts apparaĂźt sur le seuil. Une plaque en Ă©mail est clouĂ©e au-dessus de sa porte, sur laquelle on lit : « Famille au crĂ©dit social exemplaire ». Pareil chez les voisins. « Ăa remonte Ă trois ans, explique Mme Mu avec un raclement de gorge. Des officiels avaient rĂ©compensĂ© lâest du village sans raison. Puis lâouest lâannĂ©e suivante. Ils avaient un quota Ă remplir. Cette annĂ©e, câest plus sĂ©rieux. On a tous reçu un livret avec ce quâil faut faire ou ne pas faire, câest comme Ă lâĂ©cole. Avec les coordonnĂ©es des assesseurs pour signaler nos bonnes actions et rĂ©clamer les points. »
Son nom ne figure pas sur la petite liste des bons samaritains de ce mois dâaoĂ»t, affichĂ©e dans la cour de la salle communale, oĂč lâon sâaffronte au xiangqi (Ă©checs chinois) dĂšs lâaube, pour quelques yuans. « Je ne suis pas encore prĂȘte Ă les appeler pour raconter que jâai dĂ©pannĂ© ma voisine. » Elle susurre : « Jâai une amie dont le mari ne remboursait pas un prĂȘt. Il a loupĂ© une seule mensualitĂ© et sâest retrouvĂ© sur une liste noire. Tous les voisins Ă©taient au courant. Ce nâest peut-ĂȘtre pas liĂ©, mais ils se sont sĂ©parĂ©s depuisâŠÂ » Mme Mu referme la porte. Elle fait sans doute rĂ©fĂ©rence Ă cette liste pour « dĂ©lits Ă©conomiques » que lâĂtat chinois met Ă jour chaque mois sur le site Creditchina.gov.cn. On ne connaĂźt pas le nombre total dâentreprises et de personnes qui y figurent, seulement les ajouts rĂ©cents. En septembre 2018, 228 000 individus et 55 000 entreprises y sont apparus pour des prĂȘts mal remboursĂ©s, des impĂŽts, des amendes ou des condamnations pĂ©cuniaires impayĂ©s.
Sur le rĂ©seau social Weibo, des contrevenants dĂ©crivent, au-delĂ de lâhumiliation publique, les sanctions subies : interdiction de postuler Ă des appels dâoffres pour les entreprises, de rĂ©server une chambre dans les beaux hĂŽtels, dâinscrire son enfant dans une bonne Ă©cole du soir, de prendre lâavion ou le train rapide pendant un an. Faire retirer son nom de la liste en payant rubis sur lâongle devient alors la prioritĂ©.
Quelques kilomĂštres plus au sud, sur un menhir plantĂ© au bord dâune quatre-voies dĂ©serte, est gravĂ©, en caractĂšres rouges, quâun village proche serait Ă lâavant-poste du crĂ©dit social. La gĂ©rante est aussi la cheffe de la fĂ©dĂ©ration locale des femmes. Avec la fin de la politique nationale de lâenfant unique, Mme Yu Jianxia a perdu la charge du contrĂŽle des naissances. Depuis mai 2018, elle dĂ©cortique les rapports de ses trois assesseurs, des villageois de confiance Ă qui sont signalĂ©s faits et mĂ©faits. « Je collecte leurs informations le 18 de chaque mois, jâenvoie mon rapport au chef du village et du comtĂ© le 20, puis on se retrouve le 25 pour discuter et attribuer les points. Pour valider une bonne action, il faut au moins deux photographies ou une vidĂ©o. Et ce sont les assesseurs qui sâen chargent, car ici, Ă peine cinquante habitants disposent dâun smartphone. » Elle prĂ©tend nâavoir jamais enlevĂ© de points : « Quand une personne laisse un bric-Ă -brac sur son trottoir, je lui accorde un dĂ©lai de trois jours pour nettoyer avant de toucher Ă sa note. Le but nâest pas de causer des ennuis aux gens, juste de les civiliser un peu. Notre slogan Ă nous, câest âHao Ren Hao Shiâ [âBonnes gens, bonnes actionsâ]. »
Encore plus loin, au bout dâune haie de roseaux, se trouve le village de Mao Liu Jia. Des gens de la ville sont arrivĂ©s au chant du coq chez Mme Ma Yu Ling, 44 ans, pour grappiller quelques points. Depuis quinze ans, elle vit allongĂ©e sur son kang â un lit de bĂ©ton chauffĂ© par le dessous â, avec une gourde et la tĂ©lĂ©commande Ă portĂ©e de menton. La faute Ă une maladie des nerfs qui, mal opĂ©rĂ©e, sâest transformĂ©e progressivement en tĂ©traplĂ©gie. « En 1998, Shandong TV est venu me voir pour mâoffrir un fauteuil roulant. Ă lâĂ©poque, je pouvais encore marcher. Maintenant, je ne peux mĂȘme plus bouger mon cou tellement câest douloureux. » Deux fois par mois depuis deux ans, des Ăąmes charitables â jamais les mĂȘmes â arrivent donc de Rongcheng pour nettoyer sa maison lĂ©zardĂ©e et bichonner ses occupants. Une bonne action qui rapporte quatre points. Parfois, ces bĂ©nĂ©voles offrent aussi des plateaux de raviolis que le mari dĂ©pose au fond du congĂ©lateur. « Mais ça ne remplace pas la faible indemnitĂ© de ma femme â 3 000 yuans par an [386 euros] â, qui lui a Ă©tĂ© supprimĂ©e le jour oĂč notre fils a atteint lâĂąge de travailler. Et sa couverture maladie ne rembourse ni les couches ni les pansements et les produits dĂ©sinfectants, quâelle consomme en grande quantitĂ©. Ăa reprĂ©sente 6 000 yuans par an », rumine-t-il en servant un verre de tord-boyaux. Mme Ma Yu Ling : « On ne quitte jamais le village, sauf pour rejoindre en camionnette lâhĂŽpital du comtĂ© et faire remplacer ma sonde urinaire par une infirmiĂšre. Recevoir de la visite, me faire maquiller, parler avec des femmes de la ville, câest beaucoup de douceur. Et je mâen fiche si elles font ça pour leur note. »
« Une note unifiĂ©e nâaurait aucun sens »
Dans cette partie du Shandong, il semble exister autant de pratiques de crĂ©dit social que de villages. Ă Teng Jia, par exemple, les mauvais points et le nom de leurs titulaires sont scandĂ©s par haut-parleur, le vendredi soir. Une mise au ban qui pousse les habitants Ă aplanir un litige, ou Ă sâoffrir une beuverie⊠dans le village voisin, pour Ă©chapper Ă leurs assesseurs devenus sentinelles.
Jeremy Daum, chercheur amĂ©ricain Ă Yale, spĂ©cialiste du droit chinois et auteur du blog China Law Translate, traduit et agrĂšge toutes les rĂ©glementations relatives au crĂ©dit social chinois (8). Un travail de titan. « Si une personne entre dans un restaurant, elle peut dĂ©jĂ connaĂźtre la notation Ă©mise par lâAgence de sĂ©curitĂ© alimentaire concernant la propretĂ© des cuisines. Cette personne nâa pas besoin de savoir si le cuisinier a conduit quatre fois sa grand-mĂšre au marchĂ© ou sâil a voyagĂ© en train sans ticket. Tout comme un banquier nâa nulle envie de savoir si son client figure parmi les plus mauvais trieurs de dĂ©chets mĂ©nagers avant de dĂ©cider de lui accorder un prĂȘt, mĂȘme sâil peut avoir accĂšs Ă cette information. » Et de prĂ©ciser, ironique : « Peut-ĂȘtre quâun jour une analyse fine des donnĂ©es prouvera quâune fraude au billet de train prĂ©dispose Ă enfreindre les rĂšgles sanitaires, ou que les pollueurs deviennent toujours de mauvais payeurs ; mais, pour le moment, une note unifiĂ©e nâaurait aucun sens pour le gouvernement. Je crois que ce qui importe le plus, ce sont les listes noires et lâhumiliation publique quâelles entraĂźnent ».
Pour les entreprises et leurs dirigeants engagĂ©s dans lâimport-export, la construction, le transport ferroviaire et aĂ©rien, les statistiques, le conseil juridique et notariĂ©, lâĂ©vĂ©nementiel et la publicitĂ©, les mutuelles, la protection de la propriĂ©tĂ© intellectuelle, lâorganisation de mariages, des listes spĂ©cifiques distinguant les bons et les mauvais Ă©lĂ©ments voient actuellement le jour. Mais, pour les citoyens, lâopacitĂ© des opĂ©rations â qui nâa rien Ă envier Ă celle des gĂ©ants du Web amĂ©ricains â pourrait transformer le crĂ©dit social en cauchemar.
René Raphaël & Ling Xi
Journalistes.
(1) LâAssemblĂ©e nationale populaire et la ConfĂ©rence consultative politique du peuple chinois se rĂ©unissent sĂ©parĂ©ment une fois par an, en mars.
(2) Lire Maxime Robin, « Aux Etats-Unis, lâart de rançonner les pauvres », Le Monde diplomatique, septembre 2015.
(3) Lire Thibault Henneton, « Science et prescience de âBlack Mirrorâ », dans « Ăcrans et imaginaires », ManiĂšre de voir, n° 154, aoĂ»t-septembre 2017.
(4) Cf. Jamie Horsley, « Chinaâs Orwellian social credit score isnât real », Foreign Policy, Washington, DC, 16 novembre 2018.
(5) Et non pas le service de microcrédit Huabei, comme indiqué par erreur dans la version imprimée.
(6) CitĂ© par Celia Hatton, « China âsocial creditâ : Beijing sets up huge system », BBC News, PĂ©kin, 26 octobre 2015.
(7) En Chine, une vieille tradition permet dâaller porter sa rĂ©clamation ou sa protestation Ă lâĂ©chelon supĂ©rieur, de la commune au canton, puis Ă la prĂ©fecture, puis Ă la province. Lire Isabelle Thireau, « Les cahiers de dolĂ©ances du peuple chinois  », Le Monde diplomatique, septembre 2010.
(8) « Legal documents related to the social credit system », China Law Translate.
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Practice in the Park is on TODAY at 9am!* These joint yoga/Pilates classes are a fantastic way to both enjoy the outdoors as well as do something for some fantastic causes! This season Ewa and Vehia have decided on a series of Practice in the Park events on the following dates: May 20th, June 24th, July 29th, August 19th. Proceeds will be split between Meals on Wheels & The Africa Yoga Project. Please save the dates! Info under the workshops tab on our website! *Please note the venue change. Class will now be held at the Botanical Gardens NOT Barrs Park. . . . #Bermuda #yoga #Pilates #mealsonwheels #AfricaYogaProject #weareBermuda #Bermuda
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Events 7.1
AD 69 â Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor. 552 â Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the Ostrogoth king, Totila, is mortally wounded. 1097 â Battle of Dorylaeum: Crusaders led by prince Bohemond of Taranto defeat a Seljuk army led by sultan Kilij Arslan I. 1431 â The Battle of La Higueruela takes place in Granada, leading to a modest advance of the Kingdom of Castile during the Reconquista. 1520 â Spanish conquistadors led by HernĂĄn CortĂ©s fight their way out of Tenochtitlan after nightfall. 1523 â Jan van Essen and Hendrik Vos become the first Lutheran martyrs, burned at the stake by Roman Catholic authorities in Brussels. 1569 â Union of Lublin: The Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania confirm a real union; the united country is called the PolishâLithuanian Commonwealth or the Republic of Both Nations. 1643 â First meeting of the Westminster Assembly, a council of theologians ("divines") and members of the Parliament of England appointed to restructure the Church of England, at Westminster Abbey in London. 1690 â Glorious Revolution: Battle of the Boyne in Ireland (as reckoned under the Julian calendar). 1766 â François-Jean de la Barre, a young French nobleman, is tortured and beheaded before his body is burnt on a pyre along with a copy of Voltaire's Dictionnaire philosophique nailed to his torso for the crime of not saluting a Roman Catholic religious procession in Abbeville, France. 1770 â Lexell's Comet is seen closer to the Earth than any other comet in recorded history, approaching to a distance of 0.0146 AU (1,360,000 mi; 2,180,000 km) 1782 â Raid on Lunenburg: American privateers attack the British settlement of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia. 1819 â Johann Georg Tralles discovers the Great Comet of 1819, (C/1819 N1). It was the first comet analyzed using polarimetry, by François Arago. 1837 â A system of civil registration of births, marriages and deaths is established in England and Wales. 1855 â Signing of the Quinault Treaty: The Quinault and the Quileute cede their land to the United States. 1858 â Joint reading of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace's papers on evolution to the Linnean Society of London. 1862 â The Russian State Library is founded as the Library of the Moscow Public Museum. 1862 â Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, second daughter of Queen Victoria, marries Prince Louis of Hesse, the future Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse. 1862 â American Civil War: The Battle of Malvern Hill takes place. It is the last of the Seven Days Battles, part of George B. McClellan's Peninsula Campaign. 1863 â Keti Koti (Emancipation Day) in Suriname, marking the abolition of slavery by the Netherlands. 1863 â American Civil War: The Battle of Gettysburg begins. 1867 â The British North America Act takes effect as the Province of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia join into confederation to create the modern nation of Canada. Sir John A. Macdonald is sworn in as the first Prime Minister of Canada. This date is commemorated annually in Canada as Canada Day, a national holiday. 1870 â The United States Department of Justice formally comes into existence. 1873 â Prince Edward Island joins into Canadian Confederation. 1874 â The Sholes and Glidden typewriter, the first commercially successful typewriter, goes on sale. 1878 â Canada joins the Universal Postal Union. 1879 â Charles Taze Russell publishes the first edition of the religious magazine The Watchtower. 1881 â The world's first international telephone call is made between St. Stephen, New Brunswick, Canada, and Calais, Maine, United States. 1881 â General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell and Childers reforms of the British Army, comes into effect. 1885 â The United States terminates reciprocity and fishery agreement with Canada. 1885 â The Congo Free State is established by King Leopold II of Belgium. 1890 â Canada and Bermuda are linked by telegraph cable. 1898 â SpanishâAmerican War: The Battle of San Juan Hill is fought in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. 1903 â Start of first Tour de France bicycle race. 1908 â SOS is adopted as the international distress signal. 1911 â Germany despatches the gunship SMS Panther to Morocco, sparking the Agadir Crisis. 1915 â Leutnant Kurt Wintgens of the then-named German Deutsches Heer's Fliegertruppe army air service achieves the first known aerial victory with a synchronized machine-gun armed fighter plane, the Fokker M.5K/MG Eindecker. 1916 â World War I: First day on the Somme: On the first day of the Battle of the Somme 19,000 soldiers of the British Army are killed and 40,000 wounded. 1922 â The Great Railroad Strike of 1922 begins in the United States. 1923 â The Parliament of Canada suspends all Chinese immigration. 1931 â United Airlines begins service (as Boeing Air Transport). 1931 â Wiley Post and Harold Gatty become the first people to circumnavigate the globe in a single-engined monoplane aircraft. 1932 â Australia's national broadcaster, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, was formed. 1935 â Regina, Saskatchewan police and Royal Canadian Mounted Police ambush strikers participating in the On-to-Ottawa Trek. 1942 â World War II: First Battle of El Alamein. 1942 â The Australian Federal Government becomes the sole collector of income tax in Australia as State Income Tax is abolished. 1943 â The City of Tokyo and the Prefecture of Tokyo are both replaced by the Tokyo Metropolis. 1947 â The Philippine Air Force is established. 1948 â Muhammad Ali Jinnah (Quaid-i-Azam) inaugurates Pakistan's central bank, the State Bank of Pakistan. 1949 â The merger of two princely states of India, Cochin and Travancore, into the state of Thiru-Kochi (later re-organized as Kerala) in the Indian Union ends more than 1,000 years of princely rule by the Cochin royal family. 1957 â The International Geophysical Year begins. 1958 â The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation links television broadcasting across Canada via microwave. 1958 â Flooding of Canada's Saint Lawrence Seaway begins. 1959 â Specific values for the international yard, avoirdupois pound and derived units (e.g. inch, mile and ounce) are adopted after agreement between the US, the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries. 1960 â Independence of Somalia. 1960 â Ghana becomes a republic and Kwame Nkrumah becomes its first President as Queen Elizabeth II ceases to be its head of state. 1962 â Independence of Rwanda and Burundi. 1963 â ZIP codes are introduced for United States mail.[12] 1963 â The British Government admits that former diplomat Kim Philby had worked as a Soviet agent. 1966 â The first color television transmission in Canada takes place from Toronto. 1967 â Merger Treaty: The European Community is formally created out of a merger with the Common Market, the European Coal and Steel Community, and the European Atomic Energy Commission. 1968 â The United States Central Intelligence Agency's Phoenix Program is officially established. 1968 â The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is signed in Washington, D.C., London and Moscow by sixty-two countries. 1968 â Formal separation of the United Auto Workers from the AFLâCIO in the United States. 1972 â The first Gay pride march in England takes place. 1976 â Portugal grants autonomy to Madeira. 1978 â The Northern Territory in Australia is granted self-government. 1979 â Sony introduces the Walkman. 1980 â "O Canada" officially becomes the national anthem of Canada. 1983 â A North Korean Ilyushin Il-62M jet en route to Conakry Airport in Guinea crashes into the Fouta Djallon mountains in Guinea-Bissau, killing all 23 people on board. 1984 â The PG-13 rating is introduced by the MPAA. 1987 â The American radio station WFAN in New York City is launched as the world's first all-sports radio station. 1990 â German reunification: East Germany accepts the Deutsche Mark as its currency, thus uniting the economies of East and West Germany. 1991 â Cold War: The Warsaw Pact is officially dissolved at a meeting in Prague. 1997 â China resumes sovereignty over the city-state of Hong Kong, ending 156 years of British colonial rule. The handover ceremony is attended by British Prime Minister Tony Blair, Charles, Prince of Wales, Chinese President Jiang Zemin, and U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. 1999 â The Scottish Parliament is officially opened by Elizabeth II on the day that legislative powers are officially transferred from the old Scottish Office in London to the new devolved Scottish Executive in Edinburgh. In Wales, the powers of the Welsh Secretary are transferred to the National Assembly. 2002 â The International Criminal Court is established to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. 2002 â Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937, a Tupolev Tu-154, and DHL Flight 611, a Boeing 757, collide in mid-air over Ăberlingen, southern Germany, killing all 71 on board both planes. 2003 â Over 500,000 people protest against efforts to pass anti-sedition legislation in Hong Kong. 2004 â Saturn orbit insertion of CassiniâHuygens begins at 01:12 UTC and ends at 02:48 UTC. 2006 â The first operation of QinghaiâTibet Railway is conducted in China. 2007 â Smoking in England is banned in all public indoor spaces. 2008 â Riots erupt in Mongolia in response to allegations of fraud surrounding the 2008 legislative elections. 2013 â Croatia becomes the 28th member of the European Union.
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Here's June @jwpanas challenge. I had a lot of fun with the inspo pic! I decided to try that veiled water marble technique. I'll definitely be trying this again! Swipe to see collage with inspo picture. @poetrycowgirlnailpolish Bermuda (turquoise) @musiccitybeauty Showgirl (hot pink) @kbshimmer Meet Me at the Barre @linanailartsupplies Summer 02 plate . . . . #jwpanaschallenge #veiledwatermarble #poetrycowgirl #musiccitybeauty #kbshimmer #linanailartsupplies #nailart #nailstamping
#musiccitybeauty#nailstamping#nailart#veiledwatermarble#poetrycowgirl#kbshimmer#jwpanaschallenge#linanailartsupplies
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Episode #120 - NBA Finals Preview, Memorial Day Recap, Roseanne Show Canceled
Episode #120 - NBA Finals Preview, Memorial Day Recap, Roseanne Show Canceled
 Coming back from vacation, @JoeBOSSradio gave us a recap of his cruise to the island of Bermuda for his 5th wedding anniversary. @ProphetLink also recapped his Memorial Day weekend activities.Â
 Actress Roseanne Barr, had her show canceled due to her making racists tweets. This definitely was a shock after her rebooted show topped the charts.Â
 NBA Finals are set to be Warriors vs Cavs pt 4. Lebron James has made serious ground on being the best player ever, but Warriors are still the favorites to win.Â
 The Wisdom on Purpose was about setting up reminders of how God has been good to you and comes through on his promises.Â
  Playlist
 New York Order - Rigz, Noah Da Governor
Man down - Th3 Saga
Good Day - Dee Black, Jered Sanders,
**Rise Up Mix by DJ Lost-N-Found**
Gotta Go -Â Dru Bex, Jeremy Rodney
D-Will - Great Are You Lord
ANKA - How Great
Guvna B - Nothing But The Blood
W.L.A.K. - Arena
Dream Junkies - Oceans
Fall Away - Jackie Hill Perry
Same Bird - Selah the Corner, Jered Sanders
Ok, Fine - Bizzle
Wesside - WHATUPRG
Check out this episode!
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HUMAN HOST WINTER 2018 SOUTHERN TOUR DATES
February 22nd Richmond Va. - Champion Brewery 401 E. Grace St. 7pm, FREE show w/ Bermuda Triangles(members of Supression/Mutawa), and Various Eggs
friday 2/23 - Roanoke Va. - Art Rat Studios 1036 Service Ave Ext., Bldg. # 10; w/ The Llywellyn Expedition, and The Art Rat All-Stars; all ages, 7pm - ye$ saturday 2/24 Harrisonburg, Va. - Lon Lon Ranch w/ Sleep Talker, Star Coast, and Static Collector; 9pm 2/27 Tallahassee, Fla - The Bark 507 All Saints St  w/ Leunon and Deep Color; 9pm, $5 suggested donation Â
2/28 Miami, Fla. - Churchillâs 5501 Northeast 2nd Avenue w/ Male Model, Miracle Swill, Glass Body, and Human Fluid Rot; 18+, ye$
March 1st Gainesville, Fla. - The Limin Room w/ Andrews, Deterritory, and Severed+Said; 7:30pm, $5 suggested donation friday 3/2 Lakeland, Fla. at Nullis Pretti w/ Receptacle, Joylane, Fuzzblood, and Full Capacity; 7pm, ye$ saturday 3/3 Sanford, Fla at Little Fish Huge Pond  401 Sanford Ave,            w/ Charles Ramos; 9:30pm; FREE admission, but please bring money to donate to the artists; 21+ 3/5 Athens, Ga. at The Flicker Theatre & Bar 263 W. Washington St. w/   Garret Hatch, Joe Cat, and Chip Mackenzie Â
3/6 Columbia, SC at Tapp Arts Center 1644 Main St. w/ Danger Boy, Drug Charge, and Dollar Genital; 7:30pm, all ages 3/7 Boone, NC at Espresso News  267 Howard St. w/ Kendall Cahan, and Decent Rescue ; 9pm, all ages; $5  friday 3/9 Philadelphia, Pa. at Mothership  602 52nd St. w/ Snow Caps, Twelve Gardens, and Tiffanyâs House; 8pm ~
In March HH will also have a handful of northeastern shows, including these two (and more tba soon)
3/22 Kutztown, Pa. at Mind Palaceâs âMind Con: A Gala Of Reconstructionâ, a multi-media event celebrating empowerment through positive growth in visual art, community, and music; w/ Ruckzuck, Speck, Manikineter, and Sour Spirit; 7pm, $5-$10 suggested donationÂ
friday 3/23 - central New Jersey at Chateau dâIff w/ Mangroves, Ivan Saladin, and Hill Boys; 9pm
~
[image credit: Barrâs cover art for a Bantam edition of the novel âWolfbaneâ by Frederik Pohl and C.M. Kornbluth]
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