#archeological society of india

[talonabraxas]

Lord Surya and his Chariot Talon Abraxas

Their journey symbolizes the trajectory of the Sun across the sky from dawn till dusk. We find similar representations in Ancient Greece (The god Helios identified with Apollo), in ancient Iran (Mithra), in North Europa (Viking goddess Sol)

How can we explain these similarities? The answer is that all these gods are Indo-European.

Who are the Indo-Europeans? Linguists in the nineteenth century have noted similarities between languages, ancient and modern, spreading over an immense geographical space (Europe, Russia, India, Asia). This led to the hypothesis that all these languages were connected and had the same origin, the Indo-European. We still have no evidence of this ancient language, no archeological trace of the people who spoke it. But scientists have been able to reconstruct the evolution of this language and class it into subgroups. Other elements have backed up this theory.

All these nations share similar pantheons. Roman Jupiter is close to Greek Zeus, to Perun, one of our Herojis, and Thor, the Viking god.

They share similar institutions: family and social structures. Dumezil showed that basically these societies were divided in three classes or functions: the Priests, the Warriors, the Producers.

Surya’s chariot

Like many indo-European Sun gods, Surya is depicted riding a chariot harnessed to horses.

There are however variations from one region to another.

The Greek and Roman Apollo ride a two-wheeled chariot driven by four white winged horses (white symbolizes the light of the day).

A sculpture from the Bronze Age found in Denmark shows the Sun who is not yet pictured as a divinity, placed upon a chariot drawn by a horse.

Characteristics of Surya’s chariot: ancient sculptures and paintings show a sort of tiered construction. The god is seated majestically on the upper tier, legs crossed in a lotus position. In the middle tier, we found the goddess of Dawn and in the lower tier, the horses. There are seven of them symbolizing the seven days of the week or the seven colors of the Rainbow. In some pictures, the wheels of the chariot are enormous. Interestingly, the temple of the Sun of Konarak in Orissa is shaped in the form of a chariot and the wheel is a recurring element of decoration. It is a dharma wheel. The circle represents perfection of the dharma, the Buddha’s teachings, the rim of the wheel promotes meditation and concentration, the hub is for moral discipline. This shows by the way the influence of Buddhism on Hinduism.

Chariots in ancient civilizations were mainly used in battle and warfare: this picture shows a representation of an Assyrian war chariot.

This does not seem to be the case in most Indo-European cultures. Greeks valued and relied on the infantry and the Roman aristocracy fought on horseback. Chariots were however a symbol of prestige. The Roman general who was granted a triumph for his victories crossed the city standing on a circular chariot escorted by his cheering soldiers and preceded by the war prisoners covered in chains. In some representations, the winged goddess of Victory stood on the chariot behind the general.

The cosmic journey

The chariot in ancient times was a means of transport. However, Surya crossing the skies does not accomplish an ordinary journey. It is a cosmic journey. He enlightens the world in his passage. This symbolic aspect of the chariot is more universal and not specific to Surya. In many ancient civilizations, initiation to a superior knowledge is seen as a perilous journey from the earthly world to the celestial realms. The chariot or in some instances the boat symbolizes this transformation.

In the Bible, at the end of his life, after accomplishing his earthly missions, the prophet Elijah was taken up to heaven in a chariot of fire drawn by fiery horses. The English poet Blake mentions this chariot and it has inspired the title of a film featuring the epic battle of two athletes torn between the claims of their religion and their ambitions as Olympic champions.

In some areas of ancient China, horses were sacrificed during burial rituals and chariots were buried in tombs. Chariots had come to play an important role in warfare. They accompanied the diseased in their final and most significant journey.

Mastering wild elements

Driving fiery horses across the skies needs the powerful hands of a god. Feeble creatures who tried to vie with the mighty Sun gods were punished for their pride. Phaethon, the son of Helios, begged his father to be allowed to drive the chariot for a single day. His father ended up yielding to his request but the young man was unable to manage the spirited horses. He was finally ejected from the chariot and fell to the ground.

Thus in many cultures, chariot driving became a sign of energy, authority, control, self will. In Buddhism, the body is equated to a chariot where the horses are the senses, the mind is the reins, and the charioteer is the intellect. The passenger is the Self. Greek philosopher Plato compared the soul to a chariot drawn by two horses. The Charioteer is the Reason or intellect who must guide the soul to truth. One of the horses is noble in breed and character and represents our moral and rational impulses. The other horse is wild and untamed and represents passions and base desires. Both horses try to go in a different direction. The charioteer has to master them to proceed towards enlightenment . The tarot of Marseilles is a set of cards used to predict your good or bad fortune. One of the major cards or arcanes is called the Chariot. The Chariot appears to the strong-willed and fearless. Drawing this card indicates that you are driven to succeed, with the will to work hard in order to get what you desire above all else.

It is common in many cultures to compare the state to a chariot. The good ruler knows how to manage his attelage. To quote the Latin poet:

et premere et laxas sciret dare iussus habenas.

In France, Louis XIV built a whole ideology around his identification to Apollo, the Greek sun god. He was called le Roi Soleil. The image of the sun appears everywhere in Versailles. In the gardens, there is a pond with a sculpture of Apollo and his horses. In a picture, the king is represented as Apollo driving the chariot of the Sun thus showing the cosmic nature of his power and his ability to hold the reins of France and Europe.

Let us end this cosmic journey with a mantra dedicated to Surya. The English translation is followed by the sanskrit transcription: Om, Let me meditate on the Sun God, Oh, maker of the day, give me higher intellect, And let Sun God illuminate my mind. ॐ भास्कराय विद्महे महादुत्याथिकराया धीमहि त नमो आदित्य प्रचोदयात

[widgenstain]

@morathicain @traumschwinge

Lol, there is an interesting shift when you look at old settlement structures like Çatalhöyük and the places close by (there's a reason why so many of them are in southern modern day Turkey and the Levant, but that's it's own chapter), and the places that often are named as the first cities, like Ur or Jericho (although the term "city" is a highly disputed one, especially in this context), and it includes a thing that Jericho is very famous for: the walls.

The earlier places weren't fortified, the later ones are and to cut it short: at some point people started to perfection defense systems. One of the easier ways to do that were grid systems, the Roman definitely weren't the first or the best at it, there are example for very succesful grid structures in early major settlements all over the world (see India or China), but the Romans used them for their military bases, which they spread very VERY quickly over every piece of conquered land. And even if they lost the areas again to us unwashed, smelly barbarians (not really, but you know, woot woot), the barbarians didn't erase them, but started to use them for themselves. You wouldn't believe how many modern day European cities still have a Roman fort grid system at their heart.

So these systems immensely shaped our ideas of accesibiity and efficiency, but also of course of grandeur and power (also it's own chapter, but any form of totalitarian architecture just LOOOOOVES their Imperium Romanum references!).

Friedrich Engels was one of the thinkers who tried to uproot this and he referred to a 19th century scientist, I should say "nerd" instead of scientist, because that's what he was, who proposed the "Mutterrecht" theory, aka, before we became militarised, humans were living happily and peacefully under matriarchy (this is simplified, both dudes wrote like 6000 pages on it).

They based this theory on newly found statues of fat happy ladies in Çatalhöyük f.ex. and in the 50s (40s?) some scientists picked that up and delivered the archeological artefacts to prove the theories.

The problem with that is, that those scientists were lying. They faked evidence for a good story (also its own chapter, archeological sciences are difficult and shouldn't immediately mixed up with sociology, something that's still very true today) and as much as it pains me, there never truly has been something in this world, that would count as a true matriarchy.

There were/are matrilineal societies and societies where there's some gender equality, but that's unfortunately about it. Doesn't change the fact that those findings hit BIG in the 60s (the archeologists weren't proven to be frauds until the noughties, I think) and via Engels (since men prefer to listen to men than to mean feminists) these theories reached many forward thinking young architects and planners, aka the old men in power of today.

So a lot of modern approaches, smart ones too, are based on very specific readings of ancient history. Fallible ones, but the effects are real.

I won't provide any sources since a lot of them are in German (the people digging in the… let's call them "disputed" areas, as not to call them "seriously fucked up by wars in the past decades if not centuries", are funnily enough Austrians and Brits sponored by Austrians) and you'll be able to buy the book in two years, unless my boss dies in the meantime, or he gets too consumed by the project that brings in money, or I get fired, but yeah, this has taught me once again how history is not a quaint little narrative that aligns neatly with what we wish it aligned with (aka modern ideals), but a complicated process with tons of different interpretations and hiccups.

[danniedarko08]

Prehistoric Music

In honor of my first official post (excluding my intro post), I shall be doing a peice on the very beginnings of music.

Prehistoric music is defined as music that predates literate societies. Due to the fact that nothing was written down during pre-history, prehistoric music is rather mysterious, and much is up for speculation.

Much of what we know comes from archeological sites where primitive instruments were found. However, there are lots of indigenous cultures around the world that still practice prehistoric musical acts. From these tribes, we can speculate and make connections to the artifacts we have unearthed. Finally, because we are talking about prehistory, there is a lot of speculation and theory, and most of musics' early origins have been lost to time. But what we know is, nonetheless, incredible.

It is widely agreed apon that music began with the human voice. As language began to develop, it is likely that there was lots of experimentation with the limits and possibilities of our voices, and from these experiments came song. 

There is also speculation on how rhythm began. The most widely accepted theory is that it came from the sounds around us. From foot steps, to rocks colliding, to the sound of stone tools being used, natural beats and percussion occurred. Over time, beats and rythyms would emerge as a result of copying and harnessing the world around us.

Humanity would go on to create instruments, which are our main source of knowledge of prehistoric music. Proto-flutes can be found all over the world, and were all created roughtly around the same time. From Ireland to India, humanity began to create music. These flutes were often carved from bone or wood. Pueblo excavation sites are filled with bone and wood flutes, a testament to the widespread creation of music. It's astonishing to think that these simple instruments are the origins of the music we have to day. How wonderful it is, and how beautiful how different cultures created different musical innovations and how they all took music down different paths.

Now, we can never know the exact way our ancestors played these instruments, we can play them currently. The sound they produce is indeed, quiet what you'd expect. Windy, often high in tone, and restrictive in tonal range. But nonetheless, the music that flows from the instruments is awe inspiring. Knowing that the simple sounds produced from the flutes will blossom into the music we have today. To hear a snipit of pre-history is indescribably moving.

[world-literatures]

non-fiction around the world → books about various countries that I have enjoyed. included where the book gives some insight into the country itself, or it's history, culture or politics rather than books by people from that place in general

australia

my story by julia gillard - australia's first female prime minister's memoir

crossing the line: australia's secret history in the timor sea by kim mcgrath - an expose on australia's activities in the timor sea

dark emu by bruce pascoe - reexamination of Indigenous Australian cultures to argue against the common belief Indigenous peoples were a hunter-gatherer society

deep time dreaming: uncovering ancient australia by billy griffiths - ancient archeology in australia, and how learnings taken inform more about the ten thousand year old Indigenous cultures on the continent, in turn altering the idea of ownership, place and history in a colonised country

canberra by paul daley - a history on the capital city of australia, how it came to be, and it's unique character

mirror sydney: an atlas of reflections by vanessa berry - a book memorialising sydney through the authors various memories of specific places in the city

czech republic

the golden maze: a biography of prague - history of the city of prague, which dips into czech history more broadly. starts with the authors experience visiting prague during the velvet revolution

france

how paris became paris: the invention of the modern city by joan dejean - history of paris and the projects which developed it and ultimately defined the modern city

india

among tigers: fighting to bring back asia's big cats by ullas karanth - tiger conservation in india, with a focus on the the political and cultural landscape around the issue

italy

SPQR: a history of ancient rome by mary beard - detailed history of ancient rome & how it informed modern italy

palestine

the ethnic cleansing of palestine by ilan pappe - details history of israel/palestine with a focus on the ethnic cleansing during the nakba

south africa

black bull, ancestors and me: My life as a lesbian sangoma by nkunzi zandile nkabinde - a memoir which outlines the history of gayness in south africa

united states of america

stamped from the beginning: the definitive history of racist ideas in america by ibram x. kendi - traces the origins/roots of racism specifically in america to current day, to show how today's society is impacted and informed by history. by far the most illuminating book on the topic I have read

stonewall by martin duberman - a definitive history of the stonewall riots told through the lives of six prominent figures at the time. my favourite piece of media on the topic

vietnam

the penguin history of modern vietnam by Christopher E. Goscha - a history of vietnam from ancient times through to post-vietnam war

[odishadetails]

ART OF ODISHA

ART OF ODISHA

The Rock Art of Odisha dates back to as early as the prehistoric period. The earliest reported are the rock shelters of Vikramkhol in Jharsuguda district. The cells attracted men to live there, who decorated these rock shelters with paintings and engravings in various geometrical forms and figures of human and animals.

HERE ODISHA HISTORY BOOK AVAILABLE

Most of these sites are found in the hills of Sundergarh, Jharsuguda, Sambalpur and Kalahandi. The rock edicts at Dhauli, Jaugad and the archeological treasures found at excavation sites of Sisupalgarh testify to the earliest highly developed sculptural art of Orissa covering a period of about 2000 years.

The forepart of an element, hewn out of solid rock at Dhauli represents the earliest sculpture in Odisha. With the rise of Kharavela (Chedi dynasty) in the first century BC caves were ordered to cut in the solid rocks for the use of Jain ascetics. The caves of Khandagiri and Udayagiri decorated with highly artistic large panels depicting a vivid picture of the contemporary society find special mention in the rock cut architecture of India.

Figures of Jain tirthankars and Sasanadevas with their emblems have been found in caves in Puri, Keonjhar, Balasore and Koraput districts. The caves consist of one or more cells and a few of them are fronted by pillared verandahs.

The Buddhist sculptural art developed with Emperor Ashoka from 261 BC to about 12th Century AD. With the transforming of Mahayana form of Buddhism to Vajrayan, the creative genius of the artists once again attained its peak as reflected by Buddhist sculptures of Lalitgiri, Udayagiri and Ratnagiri.

Sculptures representing Boddhisatva and Avalokiteswara in different forms along with Buddha images, stupas and monasteries were the main constituent of the early medieval Odishan sculptural art.

However, the art found its supreme expression represented by the sculptures pertaining to various sects of Hinduism in Orissa, the Saivism, Vaishnavism and Shaktism (represented by Durga and her different forms). The Sailodbhava, the Bhaumakaras, the Somavansis and the illustrious Gangas are particularly known for temple building. The sculptures and superb carvings on the temples at Bhubaneswar, Puri and Konark are the finest examples of the Odisha’s glorious past.

Look out for the sculptures of nayika and mithuna figures, yakshas and yakhis (the male and female deities associated with ancient fertility cults), heavenly musicians, human poses and expressions, elephants, horses and soldiers and those depicting day to day themes, like hunting, dancing, games and family life. After the fall of the Gangas, sculpture in Odisha vanished as an art form.

[sanjaylodh]

There has been an awakening process

There has been an awakening process in humans since centuries.

Our new awakening today is a part of that.

Where is our new civilization pointing today?

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Cradle_of_civilization

A cradle of civilization is a location and a culture where civilization was developed independent of other civilizations in other locations. The formation of urban settlements (cities) is the primary characteristic of a society that can be characterized as "civilized". Other characteristics of civilization include a sedentary non-nomadic population, monumental architecture, the existence of social classes and inequality, and the creation of a writing system for communication. The transition from simpler societies to the complex society of a civilization is gradual.

Scholars generally acknowledge six cradles of civilization. Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt, Ancient India, and Ancient China are believed to be the earliest in the Old World,[1][2] while the Caral-Supe civilization of coastal Peru and the Olmec civilization of Mexico are believed to be the earliest in the New World. All of the cradles of civilization depended upon agriculture for sustenance (except possibly Caral-Supe which may have depended initially on marine resources). All depended upon farmers producing an agricultural surplus to support the centralized government, political leaders, priests, and public works of the urban centers of the early civilizations, though the evidence may be misleading, sometimes hiding the more civilized long-lasting ancient high cultures that might have left less evidence of their existence than the great power centers that dominate the archeological record.

Less formally, the term "cradle of civilization" is often used to refer to other historic ancient civilizations, such as Greece or Rome, which have both been called the "cradle of Western civilization".

The Future of Human Civilization (2022 — 3355 AD) - YouTube

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New Scientist

https://www.newscientist.com › article › mg2583445.

Humans

The civilisation myth: How new discoveries are rewriting human history

In an evolutionary eyeblink, our species has gone from hunting and gathering to living in complex societies. We need to rethink the story of this monumental transition

By Michael Marshall

27 June 2023

FOR almost all of human existence, our species has been roaming the planet, living in small groups, hunting and gathering, moving to new areas when the climate was favourable, retreating when it turned nasty. For hundreds of thousands of years, our ancestors used fire to cook and warm themselves. They made tools, shelters, clothing and jewellery – although their possessions were limited to what they could carry. They occasionally came across other hominins, like Neanderthals, and sometimes had sex with them. Across vast swathes of time, history played out, unrecorded.

Then, about 10,000 years ago, everything began to change.

In a few places, people started growing crops. They spent more time in the same spot. They built villages and towns. Various unsung geniuses invented writing, money, the wheel and gunpowder. Within just a few thousand years – the blink of an eye in evolutionary time – cities, empires and factories mushroomed all over the world. Today, Earth is surrounded by orbiting satellites and criss-crossed by internet cables. Nothing else like this has ever happened.

Archaeologists and anthropologists have sought to explain why this rapid and extraordinary transformation occurred. Their most prevalent narrative describes a sort of trap: once people started farming, there was no way back from a cascade of increasing social complexity that led inexorably to hierarchy, inequality and environmental destruction. This bleak view of civilisation’s rise has long held sway. However, the more societies we look at, the more it falls to pieces. Confronted with inconvenient evidence, we are being forced to retell our own origin story. In doing so, we are also rethinking what a society can be.

What civilization are we in now?

Humanity presently stands at Type 0.7276 on the Kardashev Scale, which was proposed to quantify the relationship between energy consumption and the development of civilizations. However, current predictions of human civilization remain underdeveloped and energy consumption models are oversimplified.12 Jul 2023

Translate Hindi

सदियों से ही इंसान में एक जागृति क्रिया करके आ चुके है

आज की हमारी यह नया जागरण उसी का ही हिस्सा है

आज हमारी नया सिविलाईजेशन की इशारा किस ओर इंगित कर रहा है

विकिपीडिया

https://en.wikipedia.org › विकि › Cradle_of_civilization

सभ्यता का उद्गम स्थल एक स्थान और एक संस्कृति है जहां सभ्यता अन्य स्थानों की अन्य सभ्यताओं से स्वतंत्र रूप से विकसित हुई थी। शहरी बस्तियों (शहरों) का निर्माण किसी समाज की प्राथमिक विशेषता है जिसे "सभ्य" कहा जा सकता है। सभ्यता की अन्य विशेषताओं में एक गतिहीन गैर-खानाबदोश आबादी, स्मारकीय वास्तुकला, सामाजिक वर्गों और असमानता का अस्तित्व और संचार के लिए एक लेखन प्रणाली का निर्माण शामिल है। किसी सभ्यता के सरल समाज से जटिल समाज में संक्रमण क्रमिक होता है।

विद्वान आमतौर पर सभ्यता के छह उद्गमों को स्वीकार करते हैं। मेसोपोटामिया, प्राचीन मिस्र, प्राचीन भारत और प्राचीन चीन को पुरानी दुनिया में सबसे प्राचीन माना जाता है, [1] [2] ज��कि तटीय पेरू की कैरल-सुपे सभ्यता और मैक्सिको की ओल्मेक सभ्यता को सबसे प्राचीन माना जाता है। नया संसार। सभ्यता के सभी उद्गम जीविका के लिए कृषि पर निर्भर थे (संभवतः कैरल-सुपे को छोड़कर जो शुरू में समुद्री संसाधनों पर निर्भर रहा होगा)। सभी प्रारंभिक सभ्यताओं के शहरी केंद्रों की केंद्रीकृत सरकार, राजनीतिक नेताओं, पुजारियों और सार्वजनिक कार्यों का समर्थन करने के लिए कृषि अधिशेष का उत्पादन करने वाले किसानों पर निर्भर थे, हालांकि सबूत भ्रामक हो सकते हैं, कभी-कभी अधिक सभ्य, लंबे समय तक चलने वाली प्राचीन उच्च संस्कृतियों को छिपाते हैं पुरातत्व रिकॉर्ड पर प्रभुत्व रखने वाले महान शक्ति केंद्रों की तुलना में उन्होंने अपने अस्तित्व के कम सबूत छोड़े होंगे।

कम औपचारिक रूप से, "सभ्यता का उद्गम स्थल" शब्द का प्रयोग अक्सर अन्य ऐतिहासिक प्राचीन सभ्यताओं, जैसे ग्रीस या रोम, के संदर्भ में किया जाता है, जिन्हें "पश्चिमी सभ्यता का उद्गम स्थल" कहा जाता है।

मानव सभ्यता का भविष्य (2022 - 3355 ई.) - यूट्यूब

यूट्यूब · विचारों से परे

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नये वैज्ञानिक

https://www.newscientist.com › लेख › mg2583445।

इंसानों

सभ्यता मिथक: कैसे नई खोजें मानव इतिहास को फिर से लिख रही हैं

एक विकासवादी पलक झपकते हुए, हमारी प्रजाति शिकार और संग्रह से जटिल समाजों में रहने लगी है। हमें इस विशाल परिवर्तन की कहानी पर पुनर्विचार करने की आवश्यकता है

माइकल मार्शल द्वारा

27 जून 2023

लगभग पूरे मानव अस्तित्व के दौरान, हमारी प्रजाति ग्रह पर घूमती रही है, छोटे समूहों में रहती है, शिकार करती है और इकट्ठा होती है, जब जलवायु अनुकूल होती है तो नए क्षेत्रों में चली जाती है, और जब जलवायु खराब हो जाती है तो पीछे हट जाती है। सैकड़ों-हजारों वर्षों से, हमारे पूर्वज खाना पकाने और खुद को गर्म करने के लिए आग का उपयोग करते थे। उन्होंने उपकरण, आश्रय, कपड़े और आभूषण बनाए - हालाँकि उनकी संपत्ति उतनी ही सीमित थी जितनी वे ले जा सकते थे। वे कभी-कभी निएंडरथल जैसे अन्य मानवों से मिलते थे और कभी-कभी उनके साथ यौन संबंध बनाते थे। समय के विशाल ��िस्से में, इतिहास खेला गया, दर्ज नहीं किया गया।

फिर, लगभग 10,000 साल पहले, सब कु�� बदलना शुरू हुआ।

कुछ स्थानों पर लोग फसलें उगाने लगे। उन्होंने एक ही स्थान पर अधिक समय बिताया। उन्होंने गांवों और कस्बों का निर्माण किया। विभिन्न अज्ञात प्रतिभाओं ने लेखन, धन, पहिया और बारूद का आविष्कार किया। केवल कुछ हज़ार वर्षों के भीतर - विकासवादी समय में पलक झपकते ही - पूरी दुनिया में शहर, साम्राज्य और कारखाने उग आए। आज, पृथ्वी परिक्रमा करने वाले उपग्रहों से घिरी हुई है और इंटरनेट केबलों से घिरी हुई है। ऐसा और कुछ नहीं हुआ है.

पुरातत्वविदों और मानवविज्ञानियों ने यह समझाने की कोशिश की है कि यह तीव्र और असाधारण परिवर्तन क्यों हुआ। उनकी सबसे प्रचलित कथा एक प्रकार के जाल का वर्णन करती है: एक बार जब लोगों ने खेती शुरू कर दी, तो बढ़ती सामाजिक जटिलता के एक झरने से पीछे हटने का कोई रास्ता नहीं था जो पदानुक्रम, असमानता और पर्यावरणीय विनाश की ओर ले गया। सभ्यता के उदय का यह अंधकारमय दृष्टिकोण लंबे समय से प्रभाव में है। हालाँकि, हम जितना अधिक समाजों को देखते हैं, वह उतना ही अधिक टुकड़ों में बंटता जाता है। असुविधाजनक सबूतों का सामना करते हुए, हमें अपनी मूल कहानी को फिर से बताने के लिए मजबूर किया जा रहा है। ऐसा करते हुए, हम यह भी पुनर्विचार कर रहे हैं कि एक समाज कैसा हो सकता है।

अभी हम किस सभ्यता में हैं?

मानवता वर्तमान में कार्दशेव स्केल पर टाइप 0.7276 पर है, जिसे ऊर्जा खपत और सभ्यताओं के विकास के बीच संबंध को मापने के लिए प्रस्तावित किया गया था। हालाँकि, मानव सभ्यता की वर्तमान भविष्यवाणियाँ अविकसित हैं और ऊर्जा खपत मॉडल अत्यधिक सरलीकृत हैं। 12 जुलाई 2023

[chikucabllp]

Glide through the Clouds with Ease in Hyderabad with Premier Airport Transport

Hyderabad is occasionally referred to as the Manhattan of India, and with good reason—the historical Nizam's culture is largely responsible for the city's fame. These wonderful locations to check out in Hyderabad will show you every corner and corner of the city, going beyond the much-hyped biryani scenes. You can enjoy the hurrying lifestyle, the youthful crowd, contemporary society, traditional customs, historical attractions, and the local population. Undoubtedly, visitors can anticipate having an incredible experience in Hyderabad.

Rajiv Gandhi International Airport is the main entry point for a large number of travelers, and it is situated about 24 kilometers south of Hyderabad's city center. This makes hiring a taxi service especially smart, considering how far it is from the main city. After a long flight or when handling heavy luggage, a taxi provides a smooth transition from the bustle of the airport, saving you the trouble of figuring out public transportation. The knowledge of cab drivers can be very helpful to visitors who are interested in seeing Hyderabad's mosaic of historic culture and contemporary advancements.

They are adept at steering through the city's lanes with airport cab in hyderabad and will sometimes offer interesting insider information. A reliable taxi service adds an extra degree of assurance for those who are arriving late or are new to the area. Safety is the top priority. It is remarkable how flexible taxis can be when it comes to certain routes, detours, or several stops.

Schedule the practical Hyderabad airport cabs from Chiku Cab for a hassle-free travel experience. Say goodbye to long taxi lines and missing your flight. You can travel in peace of mind thanks to their on-time airport pickups and drops. Profit from the luxurious cars' appealing prices while savoring their comfort. With their dependable and reasonably priced airport taxi service, you can avoid stress during your airport transfers in Hyderabad. Consider using the taxi services at Chiku Cab Airport for the following reasons:

You can be sure that Chiku Cab's airport pickup and drop service won't let you miss a flight. When it comes to picking you up or dropping you away at the airport, our drivers will arrive on time.

Their courteous drivers will help you with your bags, hold a sign with your name on it, and lead the way to the vehicle. When necessary, they also act as your tourmates and local guides, giving you insightful knowledge about the area.

You can avoid an increase in prices and lengthy lines at the airport by using their convenient prepaid booking option. To ensure there are no delights during your trip, they provide clear and a set price for all services.

By customizing your journey to your liking, you can customize your airport taxi ride by selecting your own routes and stops.

Here the must-see attractions in Hyderabad you can enjoy with airport taxi in Hyderabad:

Observe the awe-inspiring Architecture of Charminar

One of the most revered buildings among all the historical sites in India, Charminar serves as an easily identifiable symbol to look forward to. It really is one of the destinations in Hyderabad that visitors of all stripes should see in a single day. Charminar's past dates back to the fifteenth century. In the center of the city, the magnificent Charminar, which was first constructed as a mosque, is a symbol of art and architecture. Enjoying some of the greatest street food in Hyderabad close to Charminar is also a must for foodies.

An Archeological Gem is Golkonda Fort

Golkonda Fort is an important destination in Hyderabad that should not be missed. The Golkonda Fort, one of Hyderabad's top night spots, is also regarded by the Anthropological Survey of India as an archaeological gem. It is a hidden gem. The Qutb Shahi Dynasty's former capital, this citadel is now one of Hyderabad's most well-known locations for picnics.

Marvel at Qutb Shahi Tombs

All seven of the Qutub Shahi Dynasty's rulers are buried at the Qutb Shahi Tombs, which are housed within Ibrahim Bagh premises and are considered one of Hyderabad's most historical locations. Travelers will undoubtedly be enchanted by the tombs' majesty and ability to successfully blend Persian and Indian architectural styles, which create a spellbinding impression on onlookers.

Get the mesmerizing Views at Hussain Sagar Lake

Hussain Sagar Lake, one of Hyderabad's most romantic destinations for couples, is regarded as one of the biggest artificial lakes in the center of the city. Not only does it provide breathtaking views of the enormous Buddha statue in the center of the lake, but it also offers boating and parasailing opportunities, making it one of Hyderabad's most exciting nighttime destinations.

[brookston]

Holidays 10.15

Holidays

Amaryllis Day (French Republic)

Blind Americans Equality Day

Breast Health Day (EU)

Cayenne Festival (French Guiana)

Coup d'État Anniversary Day (Burkina Faso)

Day of Merriment (Republic of Molossia)

Fete Nationale de l'Evacuation (Evacuation Day; Tunisia)

Ghatasthapana (Nepal)

Global Handwashing Day

”I Love Lucy” Day

International Archeology Day

International Day of Older People (Australia)

International Day of Rural Women (UN)

International Power of One Day

King Father’s Commemoration Day (Cambodia)

Lucille Ball Day

Mahakiki (Hawaiian New Year Season begins)

Maths Day

Mertz of All Possible Mertzes

Mother’s Day (Malawi)

My Mom Is a Student Day

National Aesthetician Day

National Cherish Black Women Day

National Grouch Day

National HSA Awareness Day

National Latinix AIDS Awareness Day

National Pug Day

National Riley Day

National Shut-In Visitation Day

National Stations Day (UK)

National Tree Planting Day (Sri Lanka)

Pacific Leatherback Conservation Day (California)

Pregnancy and Infant Loss Remembrance Day (Canada, Italy, UK, US)

Pynkalycious Day

Rainbow Pickling Day

Rectification Day (Burkina Faso)

Sewing Lovers’ Day

Shwamae Su’mae Day (Wales)

Shine a Light Night

Teachers’ Day (Brazil)

Twist and Shout Day

White Cane Safety Day

World Anatomy Day

World Day of Amblyopia

World Home Artificial Nutrition Day

World Rural Women’s Day (Malawi)

World Students’ Day (India, UN)

Food & Drink Celebrations

Champagne Day

Dine With TV Dinners On the Floor Night

National Cheese Curd Day

National Chicken Cacciatore Day

National Lemon Bar Day

National Mushroom Day

National Red Wine Day

National Roast Pheasant Day

National Shawarma Day (Canada)

3rd Sunday in October

Brown Ale Day [3rd Sunday]

I Am An American Day (Florida) [3rd Sunday]

Mother’s Day (Argentina) [3rd Sunday]

National Police Officer’s Spouses’ Day [3rd Sunday]

Sunday School Teacher Appreciation Day [3rd Sunday]

World Toy Camera Day [3rd Sunday]

Independence Days

Parvia (Declared; 2019) [unrecognized]

Feast Days

Bruno of Querfurt (Christian; Saint)

Cúan of Ahascragh (Christian; Saint)

Dashain begins [Varies from the Bright Moon; lasts 15 days] (a.k.a. ... 

Dashain (Nepal)

Dasara (Hindi)

Dashera (Hindus in India)

Dassain (Bhutan)

Dussehra (India)

Ghatasthapana [1st Day of Dashain]

Mohani (Katmandu Valley)

Navaratri (Hindus in India)

Vijaya Dashami (Nepal)

Dragonbunny (Muppetism)

Equirria (October Equus, sacrifice of a horse to Mars; Old Roman Empire)

Feast of the Three Noble Ladies (Ancient Egypt)

Hobbes (Positivist; Saint)

Hospicius (a.k.a. Hospis; Christian; Saint)

Ides of October (Ancient Rome)

James Tissot (Artology)

John Vanderlyn (Artology)

Ludi Capitolini (Jupiter games; Ancient Rome)

Poetry Day (Ancient Rome)

Ralph Albert Blakelock (Artology)

Richard Speck Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Teresa of Ávila (founded Reformation of the Barefoot Carmelites; Christian; Saint)

Thecla of Kitzingen (a.k.a. Tecla; Christian; Saint)

Winter Nights: Day of the Freya and the Disir (Pagan)

Yet Another Noodle Day Day (Pastafarian)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Sakimake (先負 Japan) [Bad luck in the morning, good luck in the afternoon.]

Premieres

The Affluent Society, by John Kenneth Galbraith (Economy Book; 1958)

Alice Plays Cupid (Disney Cartoon; 1925)

The Barbary Pirates, by C.S. Forester (History Book; 1953)

Boom at the Top or Angry Young Moose (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S5, Ep. 221; 1963)

Bread and Wine, by Ignazio Silone (Novel; 1937)

Charlotte’s Web, by E.B. White (Children’s Book; 1952)

The Cincinnati Kid (Film; 1965)

Clock Cleaners (Disney Cartoon; 1937)

Curb Your Enthusiasm (TV Series; 2000)

The Dragon Reborn, by Robert Jordan (Novel; 1991) [Wheel of Time #3]

Elvis’ Christmas Album, by Elvis Presley (Album; 1957)

Figaro and Cleo (Disney Cartoon; 1943)

Fight Club (Film; 1999)

The Fires of Heaven, by Robert Jordan (Novel; 1993) [Wheel of Time #5]

For Once in My Life, by Stevie Wonder (Song; 1968)

Fur, Fur Away or Hair Today, Gone Tomorrow (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S5, Ep. 222; 1963)

Goodbye Yellow Brick Road, by Elton John (Song; 1973)

Good Golly Miss Molly, recorded by Little Richard (Song; 1956)

The Great Dictator (Film; 1940)

The Heart of Saturday Night, by Tom Waits (Album; 1974)

Heidi (Film; 1937)

I Love Lucy (TV Series; 1951)

I Wish I Had Wings (WB MM Cartoon; 1932)

The Jazz Fool (Disney Cartoon; 1929)

Jay and Silent Bob Reboot (Film; 2019)

La Mer, by Claude Debussy (Symphonic Suite; 1905)

The Last Duel (Film; 2021)

The Lion King (Broadway Musical; 1997)

Lord of Chaos, by Robert Jordan (Novel; 1994) [Wheel of Time #6]

Mr. Wonderful (Film; 1993)

The Nightmare Before Christmas (Animated Film; 1993)

The Night the City Sang, by Peter Desbarats (Poetry; 1977)

Nowhere Boy (Film; 2010)

Paint Your Wagon (Film; 1969)

Porky’s Naughty Nephew (WB LT Cartoon; 1936)

The Power of Positive Thinking, by Norman Vincent Peale (Self-Help Book; 1952)

Power Windows, by Rush (Album; 1985)

Prince Caspian, by C.S. Lewis (Novel; 1951) [The Chronicles of Narnia #2]

RED (Film; 2010)

Rock Me Amadeus, by Falco (Song; 1985)

Rudy (Film; 1993)

Sabrina (Film; 1954)

The Skin of Our Teeth, by Thornton Wilder (Play; 1942)

Slip Sliding’ Away, by Paul Simon (Song; 1977)

Social Lion (Disney Cartoon; 1954)

Soup’s On (Disney Cartoon; 1948)

The Straight Story (Film; 1999)

Surfing with the Alien, by Joe Satriani (Album; 1987)

Team America: World Police (Animated Film; 2004)

To Have and Have Not, by Ernest Hemingway (Novel; 1937)

Tupelo Honey, by Van Morrison (Album; 1971)

Two Scent’s Worth (WB MM Cartoon; 1955)

Why Not Me, by The Judds (Album; 1984)

Today’s Name Days

Aurelia, Theresia (Austria)

Rezika, Tekla, Tereza, Terezija, Valter (Croatia)

Tereza (Czech Republic)

Hedevig (Denmark)

Eda, Ede, Hädi, Häidi, Heda, Hedi, Hedvig, Heidi, Heivi (Estonia)

Helvi, Heta (Finland)

Thérèse (France)

Aurelia, Franziska, Therese, Theresia (Germany)

Loukianos (Greece)

Teréz (Hungary)

Teresa (Italy)

Eda, Ede, Hedviga, Jadviga (Latvia)

Domantė, Gailiminas, Leonardas, Teresė (Lithuania)

Hedda, Hedvig (Norway)

Brunon, Gościsława, Jadwiga, Sewer, Tekla, Teresa (Poland)

Luchian (Romania)

Terézia (Slovakia)

Teresa (Spain)

Hedvig, Hillevi (Sweden)

Lucian (Ukraine)

Essence, Terence, Teresa,Terrance, Terrence, Terri, Terry, Tess,Tessa, Theresa, Trace, Tracey, Traci, Tracy (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 288 of 2024; 77 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 7 of week 41 of 2023

Celtic Tree Calendar: Gort (Ivy) [Day 13 of 28]

Chinese: Month 9 (Ten-Xu), Day 1 (Bing-Wu)

Chinese Year of the: Rabbit 4721 (until February 10, 2024)

Hebrew: 30 Tishri 5784

Islamic: 30 Rabi I 1445

J Cal: 18 Shù; Foursday [18 of 30]

Julian: 2 October 2023

Moon: 1%: Waxing Crescent

Positivist: 8 Descartes (11th Month) [Hobbes]

Runic Half Month: Wyn (Joy) [Day 4 of 15]

Season: Autumn (Day 22 of 89)

Zodiac: Libra (Day 22 of 30)

Calendar Changes

菊月 [Júyuè] (Chinese Lunisolar Calendar) [Month 9 of 12] (Chrysanthemum Month) [Dog Month]

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 10.15

Holidays

Amaryllis Day (French Republic)

Blind Americans Equality Day

Breast Health Day (EU)

Cayenne Festival (French Guiana)

Coup d'État Anniversary Day (Burkina Faso)

Day of Merriment (Republic of Molossia)

Fete Nationale de l'Evacuation (Evacuation Day; Tunisia)

Ghatasthapana (Nepal)

Global Handwashing Day

”I Love Lucy” Day

International Archeology Day

International Day of Older People (Australia)

International Day of Rural Women (UN)

International Power of One Day

King Father’s Commemoration Day (Cambodia)

Lucille Ball Day

Mahakiki (Hawaiian New Year Season begins)

Maths Day

Mertz of All Possible Mertzes

Mother’s Day (Malawi)

My Mom Is a Student Day

National Aesthetician Day

National Cherish Black Women Day

National Grouch Day

National HSA Awareness Day

National Latinix AIDS Awareness Day

National Pug Day

National Riley Day

National Shut-In Visitation Day

National Stations Day (UK)

National Tree Planting Day (Sri Lanka)

Pacific Leatherback Conservation Day (California)

Pregnancy and Infant Loss Remembrance Day (Canada, Italy, UK, US)

Pynkalycious Day

Rainbow Pickling Day

Rectification Day (Burkina Faso)

Sewing Lovers’ Day

Shwamae Su’mae Day (Wales)

Shine a Light Night

Teachers’ Day (Brazil)

Twist and Shout Day

White Cane Safety Day

World Anatomy Day

World Day of Amblyopia

World Home Artificial Nutrition Day

World Rural Women’s Day (Malawi)

World Students’ Day (India, UN)

Food & Drink Celebrations

Champagne Day

Dine With TV Dinners On the Floor Night

National Cheese Curd Day

National Chicken Cacciatore Day

National Lemon Bar Day

National Mushroom Day

National Red Wine Day

National Roast Pheasant Day

National Shawarma Day (Canada)

3rd Sunday in October

Brown Ale Day [3rd Sunday]

I Am An American Day (Florida) [3rd Sunday]

Mother’s Day (Argentina) [3rd Sunday]

National Police Officer’s Spouses’ Day [3rd Sunday]

Sunday School Teacher Appreciation Day [3rd Sunday]

World Toy Camera Day [3rd Sunday]

Independence Days

Parvia (Declared; 2019) [unrecognized]

Feast Days

Bruno of Querfurt (Christian; Saint)

Cúan of Ahascragh (Christian; Saint)

Dashain begins [Varies from the Bright Moon; lasts 15 days] (a.k.a. ... 

Dashain (Nepal)

Dasara (Hindi)

Dashera (Hindus in India)

Dassain (Bhutan)

Dussehra (India)

Ghatasthapana [1st Day of Dashain]

Mohani (Katmandu Valley)

Navaratri (Hindus in India)

Vijaya Dashami (Nepal)

Dragonbunny (Muppetism)

Equirria (October Equus, sacrifice of a horse to Mars; Old Roman Empire)

Feast of the Three Noble Ladies (Ancient Egypt)

Hobbes (Positivist; Saint)

Hospicius (a.k.a. Hospis; Christian; Saint)

Ides of October (Ancient Rome)

James Tissot (Artology)

John Vanderlyn (Artology)

Ludi Capitolini (Jupiter games; Ancient Rome)

Poetry Day (Ancient Rome)

Ralph Albert Blakelock (Artology)

Richard Speck Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Teresa of Ávila (founded Reformation of the Barefoot Carmelites; Christian; Saint)

Thecla of Kitzingen (a.k.a. Tecla; Christian; Saint)

Winter Nights: Day of the Freya and the Disir (Pagan)

Yet Another Noodle Day Day (Pastafarian)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Sakimake (先負 Japan) [Bad luck in the morning, good luck in the afternoon.]

Premieres

The Affluent Society, by John Kenneth Galbraith (Economy Book; 1958)

Alice Plays Cupid (Disney Cartoon; 1925)

The Barbary Pirates, by C.S. Forester (History Book; 1953)

Boom at the Top or Angry Young Moose (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S5, Ep. 221; 1963)

Bread and Wine, by Ignazio Silone (Novel; 1937)

Charlotte’s Web, by E.B. White (Children’s Book; 1952)

The Cincinnati Kid (Film; 1965)

Clock Cleaners (Disney Cartoon; 1937)

Curb Your Enthusiasm (TV Series; 2000)

The Dragon Reborn, by Robert Jordan (Novel; 1991) [Wheel of Time #3]

Elvis’ Christmas Album, by Elvis Presley (Album; 1957)

Figaro and Cleo (Disney Cartoon; 1943)

Fight Club (Film; 1999)

The Fires of Heaven, by Robert Jordan (Novel; 1993) [Wheel of Time #5]

For Once in My Life, by Stevie Wonder (Song; 1968)

Fur, Fur Away or Hair Today, Gone Tomorrow (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S5, Ep. 222; 1963)

Goodbye Yellow Brick Road, by Elton John (Song; 1973)

Good Golly Miss Molly, recorded by Little Richard (Song; 1956)

The Great Dictator (Film; 1940)

The Heart of Saturday Night, by Tom Waits (Album; 1974)

Heidi (Film; 1937)

I Love Lucy (TV Series; 1951)

I Wish I Had Wings (WB MM Cartoon; 1932)

The Jazz Fool (Disney Cartoon; 1929)

Jay and Silent Bob Reboot (Film; 2019)

La Mer, by Claude Debussy (Symphonic Suite; 1905)

The Last Duel (Film; 2021)

The Lion King (Broadway Musical; 1997)

Lord of Chaos, by Robert Jordan (Novel; 1994) [Wheel of Time #6]

Mr. Wonderful (Film; 1993)

The Nightmare Before Christmas (Animated Film; 1993)

The Night the City Sang, by Peter Desbarats (Poetry; 1977)

Nowhere Boy (Film; 2010)

Paint Your Wagon (Film; 1969)

Porky’s Naughty Nephew (WB LT Cartoon; 1936)

The Power of Positive Thinking, by Norman Vincent Peale (Self-Help Book; 1952)

Power Windows, by Rush (Album; 1985)

Prince Caspian, by C.S. Lewis (Novel; 1951) [The Chronicles of Narnia #2]

RED (Film; 2010)

Rock Me Amadeus, by Falco (Song; 1985)

Rudy (Film; 1993)

Sabrina (Film; 1954)

The Skin of Our Teeth, by Thornton Wilder (Play; 1942)

Slip Sliding’ Away, by Paul Simon (Song; 1977)

Social Lion (Disney Cartoon; 1954)

Soup’s On (Disney Cartoon; 1948)

The Straight Story (Film; 1999)

Surfing with the Alien, by Joe Satriani (Album; 1987)

Team America: World Police (Animated Film; 2004)

To Have and Have Not, by Ernest Hemingway (Novel; 1937)

Tupelo Honey, by Van Morrison (Album; 1971)

Two Scent’s Worth (WB MM Cartoon; 1955)

Why Not Me, by The Judds (Album; 1984)

Today’s Name Days

Aurelia, Theresia (Austria)

Rezika, Tekla, Tereza, Terezija, Valter (Croatia)

Tereza (Czech Republic)

Hedevig (Denmark)

Eda, Ede, Hädi, Häidi, Heda, Hedi, Hedvig, Heidi, Heivi (Estonia)

Helvi, Heta (Finland)

Thérèse (France)

Aurelia, Franziska, Therese, Theresia (Germany)

Loukianos (Greece)

Teréz (Hungary)

Teresa (Italy)

Eda, Ede, Hedviga, Jadviga (Latvia)

Domantė, Gailiminas, Leonardas, Teresė (Lithuania)

Hedda, Hedvig (Norway)

Brunon, Gościsława, Jadwiga, Sewer, Tekla, Teresa (Poland)

Luchian (Romania)

Terézia (Slovakia)

Teresa (Spain)

Hedvig, Hillevi (Sweden)

Lucian (Ukraine)

Essence, Terence, Teresa,Terrance, Terrence, Terri, Terry, Tess,Tessa, Theresa, Trace, Tracey, Traci, Tracy (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 288 of 2024; 77 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 7 of week 41 of 2023

Celtic Tree Calendar: Gort (Ivy) [Day 13 of 28]

Chinese: Month 9 (Ten-Xu), Day 1 (Bing-Wu)

Chinese Year of the: Rabbit 4721 (until February 10, 2024)

Hebrew: 30 Tishri 5784

Islamic: 30 Rabi I 1445

J Cal: 18 Shù; Foursday [18 of 30]

Julian: 2 October 2023

Moon: 1%: Waxing Crescent

Positivist: 8 Descartes (11th Month) [Hobbes]

Runic Half Month: Wyn (Joy) [Day 4 of 15]

Season: Autumn (Day 22 of 89)

Zodiac: Libra (Day 22 of 30)

Calendar Changes

菊月 [Júyuè] (Chinese Lunisolar Calendar) [Month 9 of 12] (Chrysanthemum Month) [Dog Month]

[yogeshblogs]

The Rich Heritage of Delhi: The Ultimate Museum Explorer’s Handbook

Step into the appealing universe of Delhi's galleries and plan to be enamored! Join Jodhpur Cab Service as we take you on an unprecedented journey through the imaginative, social, and authentic fortunes settled inside India's lively capital. Prepare yourself for a kaleidoscope of encounters that will touch off your faculties and light your interest. From old relics saturated with secrets to contemporary wonders that push the limits of imagination, every gallery uncovers a remarkable story of Delhi's rich legacy. Book a taxi in Delhi with Jodhpur Cab Service, and drench yourself in the embroidery of workmanship, culture, and history woven carefully by the city's exhibition halls.

Together, how about we disentangle the charming past of Delhi by digging into the rich accounts rejuvenated inside the walls of its phenomenal exhibition halls? Plan to be excited by the hypnotizing shows that annal the city's energetic legacy. Every gallery we investigate holds a mother lode of stories ready to be found, having a permanent impact on each brave voyager who adventures through their entryways. All in all, what are we hanging tight for? LET'S Start.

National Museum

"Our country's set of experiences has consistently charmed me. At the point when I was in Delhi, I needed to visit the Public Exhibition Hall. Jodhpur Cab Service took me to this verifiable and social mother lode in extravagance. Workmanship, antiques, and archeological fortunes looked for me inside. Mughal smaller-than-expected works of art are remarkable, with each brushstroke depicting the period's magnificence. From old models to complex compositions, the exhibitions committed to Indian materials and society workmanship regarded our social legacy's splendid varieties and unpredictable craftsmanship. Gandhara forms delightfully mixed Indian and Greco-Roman practices. The Indus Valley culture display shocked me with its astounding society. It was astonishing and caused me to see the value in our country's variety. Jodhpur Cab Service made it simple to investigate the Public Historical Center and learn new things." 

Timings - 10:00 AM to 6:00 PM

Open days - Shut on Mondays

Address - Janpath Rd, Rajpath Region, Focal Secretariat, New Delhi, Delhi 110011

Archaeological Museum Red Fort

"It seems like yesterday. The Indian Historical Center's stupendous entry excited me. As a set of experiences nerd, I delighted in time travel. The beautiful Red Stronghold showed curiosity. Entering the exhibition hall, India's radiant past was all over the place. Compositions, works of art, old weapons, and adornments aroused my curiosity. I venerated delicate texts with extremely old secrets. Lovely calligraphy and distinctive designs displayed cerebrums and craftsmanship. Artists, thinkers, and researchers composed those words on each page. Wall paintings portrayed India's social legacy. The artworks moved me to majestic courts and wonderful settings. I wheezed at the realm safeguarding weaponry. Swords, lances, and safeguards propelled gallant soldiers battling for honor, boldness, and homeland. I held history while appreciating their work. Exquisite precious stone encrusted Adornments staggered me. India's illustrious courts and craftsman-made pieces of jewelry, hoops, and finely cut bangles. The Indian Exhibition Hall associated me with my country. Antiques are connected at various times. Acknowledging I was basically essential for India's past, lowered me. The Indian Gallery made me glad for our country's past. The exhibition hall enlivened me to find India's assorted culture. I entered the holding up Jodhpur Cab Service realizing my Indian Gallery visit was simply starting. Other Delhi exhibition halls had boundless stories, stowed away riches, and remarkable antiquities. I investigated Delhi's fascinating history with Jodhpur Cab Service in Delhi."

Timings - 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM

Open days - Shut on Government Occasions

Address - Red Post, Delhi - 110006

National Rail Museum

"I bounced into a Jodhpur Cab Service Duty in Delhi NCR, my heart overflowing with fervor. Today, I was en route to the Public Rail Gallery, a heaven for rail line lovers like me. As the vehicle moved toward the gallery, I got a brief look at classic trains standing gladly on the tracks, enticing me to set out on an excursion through time. Venturing into the exhibition hall, I was welcomed by the nostalgic sight of old carriages, each recounting accounts of a past time. The intelligent shows permitted me to submerge myself in the captivating history of Indian rail lines. From mind-boggling craftsmanship to creative innovations, the Public Rail Exhibition Hall was a mother lode of rail legacy. Because of Jodhpur Cab Service, I had a consistent and agreeable ride, making my visit to the historical center considerably more essential. It was a day loaded up with sentimentality, wonder, and a profound appreciation for the staggering excursion of Indian rail lines."

Timings – 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM.

Open days – Closed on Mondays

Address – Chanakyapuri, near Bhutan Embassy, New Delhi – 110021

National Gallery of Modern Art

"My craft-cherishing family was eager to visit Delhi's Public Display of Present-day Workmanship. Jodhpur Cab Service Rhythm Voyager in Delhi made our excursion energizing and agreeable. Current Indian craftsmanship's splendid world pulled in us as we entered the display. We appreciated the sublime works of art that portrayed India's rich social past. The figures inhaled feeling, rousing surprise. The establishments incited conversations about workmanship's steady change. We were thankful to see such a different and far-reaching assortment of Indian workmanship as our energy created. We left the Public Display of present-day Craftsmanship with another regard for how workmanship molds society. Our family's craft-filled journey was improved by Jodhpur Cab Service's solid and comfortable Beat Explorer. We left with affectionate memories and a craving to investigate the superb universe of craftsmanship. Jodhpur Cab Service made voyaging simple and advanced our spirits with present-day Indian workmanship." 

Timings - 11:00 AM to 6:00 PM

Open days - Shut on Mondays

Address - Jaipur House, Shershah Rd, close to India Door, Delhi High Court, India Entryway, New Delhi-110003

Crafts Museum

"All of us showed up in Delhi eager to find the city's social pearls. The Specialties Exhibition Hall guaranteed Indian society workmanship and artwork. Jodhpur Cab Service Air terminal Exchange Taxi from Delhi took us to the exhibition hall easily. The sort and instructed driver gave captivating experiences about Delhi, making the excursion remarkable. We entered a universe of brilliant materials, wonderful ceramics, and sparkling metalwork. Each show portrayed India's fluctuated networks' rich legacy and craftsmanship. My kids wondered about ancestral antiques, finding out about our country's set of experiences. They appreciated the skilled workers' ability and devotion. The Specialties Historical Center got Indian culture and had an enduring effect. It was a delightful blend of guidance and joy, uncovering areas of strength for our past. We got back with long-lasting recollections on account of Jodhpur Cab Service's unwavering quality. The smooth air terminal exchange taxi let us partake in the Specialties Gallery's magnificence and craftsmanship, working on our vacations. We left Delhi with the Specialties Gallery's energy, happy for the opportunity to commend our family line and see conventional Indian artworks and society workmanship."

Timings - 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM.

Open Days - Shut on Mondays

Address - Bhairon Marg, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi - 110001

Gandhi Smriti and Museum

"Delhi's rich history and culture captivated our family to visit. We needed to study Mahatma Gandhi at the Gandhi Smriti Exhibition Hall. We immediately understood the meaning of advantageous travel to explore the bustling city. We found Jodhpur Cab Service online taxi administration in Delhi. We booked a family-accommodating ride in a couple of snaps. The driver showed up right away, welcomed us happily, and made our outing simple. The Gandhi Smriti Historical Center's serenity and rich history awed us. The exhibition hall's Gandhi memorabilia and photographs got some margin to see his huge effect on India's opportunity development. We were grateful to have Jodhpur Cab Service holding up outside to take us to our next objective after our improving excursion. Their advantages and dependability help improve our social experience in Delhi. Jodhpur Cab Service made our vacation to the Gandhi Smriti and Historical Center in Delhi helpful, agreeable, and socially improving." - Vikram Kapoor

Timings: Summer Timings (April to September): 10:00 AM to 5:30 PM

Winter Timings (October to Spring): 9:30 AM to 5:00 PM

Open Days - Shut on Mondays

Address - Tees January Marg, New Delhi - 110011

Shankar’s International Dolls Museum

"The Jodhpur Cab Service application's lovely tones and various objections quickly grabbed my eye. I visited Delhi's Shankar's Global Dolls Gallery today. I quickly left subsequent to planning my Jodhpur Cab Service ride. The driver grinned and let me know city stories. I was excited to show up at the historical center. Shankar's Global Dolls Exhibition Hall appeared to be astonishing. Each show highlighted dolls from a few nations in intricate garments that mirrored their societies. The series included Japanese geishas and African ancestral individuals. Each doll's outfit and story intrigued me. I wondered about the different societies that make our globe so particularly unique as I meandered the corridors. The Jodhpur Cab Service booking application in Delhi assisted me with booking a charming vehicle and accessing extraordinary encounters like Shankar's Worldwide Dolls Historical Center. It gave me recollections and a craving to investigate a greater amount of Delhi's excellence and culture." - Nupur Negi

Timings - 10:00 AM to 5:30 PM

Open Days - Shut on Monday

Address - Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, ITO, Delhi - 110002

National Police Museum

"As I got out of the Public Police Gallery, I really wanted to feel a significant feeling of deference for the uncelebrated yet truly great individuals who commit their lives to safeguarding and serving. Jodhpur Cab Service's one-way taxi administration in Delhi made my visit consistent and helpful, guaranteeing I didn't miss a snapshot of this edifying experience. Jodhpur Cab Service's kind driver showed up soon after I planned my excursion. The spotless, comfortable vehicle took me to the gallery through Delhi's bustling roads. The Public Police Historical Center was brimming with enthralling displays and stories. I was moved by the historical center's showcases of our cops' valiance and penance. I left the policing edified and moved. I had an extraordinary vehicle experience. Jodhpur Cab Service's reliability, client support, and impressive skill made my visit to the Public Police Exhibition Hall awesome." - Alok Chaubey

Timings - 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM.

Open Days - Shut on Mondays

Address - Block No. 4, CGO Complex, Lodhi Street, New Delhi - 110003 If you are looking to visit these museums then, I recommend the best Taxi Service in Jodhpur named Jodhpur Cab Service. Jodhpur Cab Service Makes Your Ride, Considerably More, More Joyful. While You Arrive at Your Objective On Ideal Opportunity.

[love-bookrelease]

Incredible Temples and Sanatan Sanskriti by Hari Prakash Gupta

About the Book

In this book, “The Incredible Temple and Sanatan Sanskriti ”author has endeavored to focus on the hindu temples of Karnataka, Tamil Nādu, Kerala & Odisha. They are amongst the most ancient, architectural, archeological and heritage temples. These are eminently known for huge statutes, Mandapas, Towering super structures, Gopuram etc. They all Glorify Hindu Culture and scriptures viz. Puranas, Itihas, Vedas etc. The stories given there are vividly captured on more than life size carvings made from sandstone, soapstone, granite etc. One is awe struck how our ancestors created such masterpieces, with now considered, primitive tools and implements. This book is a tribute to our great forefathers who through their skills, dedication and pains taking labor over the centuries created such poetry in stone

About the Author

Er. Hari Prakash Gupta was born on Sept.2, 1946 at Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh in a very respectable family and inherited Charitable Society which is running educational institutions viz Tikaram Girls PG College, Tikaram Girls Inter College, Raghubir Bal Mandir Senior Secondary School having strength of over ten thousand children. He is President/General Secretary of them. Also managed a very large temple of lord Shri Ram and Hanumanji located in the prime center of Aligarh. Above organizations were founded by his great grandfather Lala Tikaramji over 75 years ago. Presently, he is the Managing Director of Hicks Thermometers (India) Limited and looking after other family interests. He is a member of various Social, Cultural Club and religious organizations.

Shop Now on Amazon, Flipkart and BlueroseOne

[kailash-se-birha]

I am only going to entertain the Mandir v/s Masjid Debate as it pertains to Ayodhya, Kashi and Mathura. At all of these places stood a tirth temple which was razed by invaders and in it's place a Masjid was constructed. In that context, Tirth Sthanam (Place of Pilgrimage) v/s Masjid (House of Prayer and Congregation) Ayodhya, Kashi and Mathura are all major Pilgrimage sites that Hindus from all over the subcontinent visit (or dream to visit) in their lifetime. Similar to Char Dham Yatra (Badrinath, Dwarka, Puri and Rameshwaram). Those Temples were razed to humiliate and disenfranchise the Hindus. There is plenty of material out there for all of these three cases, read it up. When it comes to Islam, there exists Hajj (Islamic Pilgrimage) to Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia. Mecca and Medina are a decent one-to-one comparison to Ayodhya, Kashi and Mathura. Another point is India has a Sacred Geography and that sacred geography is epitomised by the 51 Shakti Peetha all across the sub-continent and all the tirth sthanas being located along all the major rivers in India. In India muslims don't have the culture or concept of traversing across the country pilgrimaging numerous mosques as a part of their religion. They go to Mecca and Medina.

There are more. Even particular Rashis (Zodiac Signs) and Nakshatras (Constellations) have a dedicated deity and temples for them. There are numerous rituals that are performed to maintain the spiritual energy at those Pilgrimage sites. And supporting smaller temples are built around these temple towns to support and maintain the sanctimony and spiritual energy of that region.

Masjids are houses of prayer and congregation, and can literally be built anywhere. Masjids aren't location specific, the activities of a masjid can be carried out in any building. If we are talking about that one hanuman temple at the end of the gully or in your neighbourhood ka nukkad, that is different. It is still sacred and most probably pran pratishtha has been performed at that Mandir as well, but there is also a concept of relocation (punar pratishtha) in Hinduism and more importantly they aren't tirth sthan.

And Hindus have a different mode of congregation that can be evident during Ganesh Chaturthi, Navratri, Durga Pooja, where the Pran Pratishtha for the major pandals is performed and at end of the festival/celebration the murti/deity goes through Visarjan.

Bottom line is if there is a Mosque that was built on razed Hindu Temple and the Hindu community has been making a persistent effort to rebuilt or pray at that piece of land for decades/centuries and there is archeological evidence supporting the Hindu claim, then that land should be given back to the Hindu community with due process. With Kashi and Mathura the disrepect is in your face.

There is a difference between Varna and Jaati. What you're talking about is a nefarious mixture of the two, Jaati Varna.

In the context of Hindu society, the concepts of "Jaati," "Varna," and "Jaati Varna" are often used to describe different aspects of social organization. These terms have distinct meanings and implications, although they are sometimes conflated or misunderstood. Here is a detailed explanation of each:

Varna

Varna is an ancient Hindu concept that refers to the broad classification of society into four primary categories. This classification is mentioned in ancient texts like the Rigveda and the Manusmriti. The four Varnas are:

Brahmins: Traditionally priests, scholars, and teachers.

Kshatriyas: Warriors, kings, and administrators.

Vaishyas: Merchants, traders, and agriculturists.

Shudras: Laborers and service providers.

The Varna system is more theoretical and idealized, representing a division based on qualities (Gunas) and duties (Dharma) rather than birth. In classical texts, it is associated with one's profession and spiritual inclinations.

This theoretical segregation of the society is found in various cultures from antiquity to medieval pre-industrial and agrarian societies.

Jaati

Jaati refers to a more practical and localized system of social grouping that evolved over time. Jaati, often translated as "caste," denotes a community of people who share a common occupation, tradition, or lineage. Unlike the broader Varna system, Jaatis are numerous and specific to regions and localities. Key points about Jaati include:

Occupation-Based: Initially, Jaatis were associated with specific occupations (e.g., potters, weavers, carpenters).

Endogamous: Marriage typically occurs within the same Jaati.

Hierarchical: There is a hierarchy among Jaatis, often influenced by local customs and social standing.

Regional Variations: Jaatis can vary significantly across different parts of India, and the same Jaati name might represent different social statuses in different regions.

Similar hierarchies can be found in Social Class (Europe), Feudal System (Medieval Europe and Japan), Clan System (Scotland, Africa, China), Tribal System (Indigenous Societies), Ethnic Groups (Global), Guilds and Castes (Medieval and Early Modern Europe), etc.

Jaati Varna

Jaati Varna is a term that combines aspects of both Jaati and Varna. It acknowledges that in practice, the Varna system has been intertwined with the Jaati system. Over centuries, Jaatis have been mapped onto the Varna framework, creating a complex social hierarchy. This synthesis has led to the following phenomena:

Blurring of Lines: While Varna provides a broad framework, Jaatis provide detailed social categories, leading to a situation where the two systems overlap and influence each other.

Fixed Status: The theoretical flexibility of Varna based on qualities and duties has been overshadowed by the more rigid and birth-based Jaati system.

Regional Interpretations: The application and integration of Jaati within the Varna system vary widely across different regions of India.

A Broad Summary

Varna: An ancient, broad classification based on duties and qualities, theoretically flexible.

Jaati: A localized, occupation-based social grouping, more numerous and region-specific, often rigid and endogamous.

Jaati Varna: The practical synthesis of Jaati and Varna, where Jaatis are fitted into the Varna framework, leading to a complex and hierarchical social structure.

Understanding these distinctions is crucial for comprehending the intricacies of Hindu social organization and its evolution over time.

Cateism also exists in Indian Muslim and Christian community. Buddhism had casteism as well. Buddhism was able to move forward and abandon birth based Jaati Varna, why can't Hinduism?

Now coming to Ambedkar, the way Ambedkar has been deified as if that man can make no folly. Ambedkar also said:

Should we take Ambedkar's words for this? Should all Muslims be considered Deshdrohi?

Now coming back to being perceived as violent,

I don't remember Hindus wearing suicide vests and blowing themselves up in public spaces or volunteering to join terrorist forces to create a religious state. At present, there is no comparison between Islamic terror and any other religion, including Christianity (credit to the enlightenment values that got embedded into Western European culture).

The absurdity to assume that I want Indian Christians and Muslims to live as second class citizen seems more like a freudian slip on your part. When in fact, it is in Sharia Islamic nations and Caliphates non-muslims are treated as Dhimmis. How will UCC turn Indian non-hindus into second class citizens? It is 21st Century and we have parallel Sharia Court... sorry All India Muslim Personal Law Board and Christian Canon Law (Christians aren't even opposing the UCC) in this country. Equality =/= Discrimination.

I want to clarify that when I say Abrahamics, I mean monotheist monopolistic (proselytising faiths that only believe in one god and have a history of around disrespecting and killing other religions and cultures) faiths such as Christianity and Islam, not Judaism (doesn't proselytise and has no recent history of pagan persecution). The aforementioned two faiths have literally been warring for over a millennium and will continue to cannibalise one another, I as a Polytheist am not even required to raise a finger for them to do so. Both of them are united in their scriptural vitriolic hatred and history of genocide of Polytheist and Pagan cultures and perhaps even monotheists like Jews and Yezidis (their crime? worshipping fire)

Also, what do you mean when you say you want Hinduism to be eradicated? These are all part of the Indic School of Thought:

Just say that you hate the culture and history of this land point blank period. We have already lost the the Ajivika and Charvaka sampradaya. How many Kul Devi Devtas (Ancestral Familial Dieties), Gramin Devi Devtas (Village Dieties)and Van Devi Devtas (Forest Deities) have been lost to the encroachment of Christianity in the North-East of this country? People are free to choose their faith systems, but don't give me shit about caring about the SC/ST and their cultural practices, gods and goddeses when you can't even acknowledge that Abrahamic faiths alienate you from the culture and history of the land ,your Janma Bhoomi. You can't criticize (blasphamy) the prophets, the god, the religion, the bible, the quran, but are encoraged to curse your dirty pagan ancestors while praising the maimers, the brutalisers and the colonisers for civilising you and removing the pagan out of you through massacres and genocide (goa inquisition by the portugese and centuries of dicrimination (dhimmi status) and massacres by various Islamic Sultunates).

Would you also have the same issue if the masjid was built instead of the mandir? then I agree with it otherwise not

Yes, if I lived in a Muslim majority country and masjid was being built and communal hatred was being incited against the country's minorities in the name of said building, I'd be saying the same thing. OBVIOUSLY. If something is wrong, it's wrong. Unlike some people, my stance on human rights doesn't change because they happen to belong to a different label.

On a different note, why are people always doing this strange what-aboutery? Do they think the situation changes just because you change the arbitrary labels? Or do people want a "gotcha!" moment for me?

-Mod S

[artemis-de-la-lune]

excerpts from an article written by swathi s. nair, dated 28th november 2019.

tw: mentions of queerphobia, violence against lgbtqia+ in the last three excerpts.

back in 200 A.D, various temples across India had sex sculptures carved into their walls. sun temple is one such place in Konark, a city in the state of odisha. the sun temple of Konark is a holistic place with depictions of sexual acts that involve polygamy, lesbian relationships, polyandry, and more. all the fallen down sculptures and walls have been preserved in the nearby Konark Archeological Museum.

“Kamasutra, the book of love was taught to young students back in the days and this was one of the pictorial media of education for young students then.” says Suryamani Malla, tourist guide from department of tourism, who has extensively researched about the sun temple of Konark.

section 377 of Indian Penal Code (IPC) states: “unnatural offenses- whoever voluntarily has carnal intercourse against the order of nature with any man, woman or animal shall be punished with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years and shall also be liable to fine.”

this law was decriminalized on 6th september 2018. it was a huge step in the right direction, but for a country who has homosexual sex sculptures on the walls of the most sacred temples, this should have never been a ‘criminal offence’.

other than the Konark temple, the best preserved of all temples can be found in a small town named khajuraho in the central state of madhya pradesh. Khajuraho temples were built in the Chandela dynasty between 950 A.D and 1050 A.D. the sculptures portray homosexuality and are depicted right next to sculptures of divine beings smiling blissfully at their devotees. 

apart from all this, Hinduism is a religion that has traditionally considered sex an essential part of life. that could be one of the reasons why these carvings are casually scattered between others that portray activities such as prayer and war. the fact that they are set in plain view and not tucked away in the extreme corner tells that their creators meant for them to be seen by all. “if you take Kamasutra itself, there is an entire chapter that talks about homosexuality. where they talk and clearly categorize all kinds of homosexual desires. the author talks about these desires as perfectly normal and as a possibility. he did not portray it to be a moral issue or a social/religious taboo.” says jithin shankar, who is an assistant professor of History at NSS Hindu College, Kerala.

the reason why concept like homosexuality has become subjective is because people either address it to be right or wrong. the literature available tells you that having a sexual preference tis more of a grey area, hence multiple versions of the same thing. at some point in time, homosexuality collided with religion and that is when people started questioning the ethics and morality of this subject.

religion is just a discipline which tells people what to do and what not to do. there have been multiple cults throughout history before religion came into picture in this country. there have been various cults that worship sexual organs like Linga worship or Yoni worship during the Indus Valley Civilization. this gives it a spiritual entity.

many characters in Indian mythology literature like Mahabharata and Puranas talk about characters like Mohini and Shikhandi, who can be categorized as bisexual or gender variant and this shows how normal it was back then to include characters like this to the literature. “instead of getting inspired by the character, even the fact that people had the imagination to write down a character like her, is a big step. they had the literary freedom when it came to this” says Shankar. shankar points out that during that time and age, even the European literature did not think or talk about something like this. so, for a country like India to talk about this in their literature is a huge thing and it shouldn’t be looked down upon right now.

Shikhandi is another character that can be identified as gender variant in the Indian mythology. Mahabharata is believed to written around 6th and 7th century period, around the Gupta dynasty time and it talks about a character called Shikhandi who was born a woman but changes sex and becomes a eunuch.

even though many literature like Vishnu Purana term it as a negative thing, other literature like Ardhashastra, Kamasutra and Panchatantra talk about it like a normal thing. archaeology provides hard core support when it comes to that.

“sculptures around the temples like Khajuraho, or Sun temple in Konark prove to us that whatever written in these literature was not a made-up story. it was something Indians back then believed and accepted” says Shankar. these sculptures are no western influence for our country, and neither is homosexuality. decriminalization of section 377 is a big step, but the LGBTQIA+ community still faces a lot of bullying and exclusion from the Indian society, especially from politicians and religious groups.

religion has become the biggest weapon to make people in this country feel like an outsider. people are victims of lynching, mental torture and thousands of them have been thrown out of their homes by their own families for coming out as LGBTQIA+. this is a huge step back for our community.

if Indians thousands of years ago could accept homosexuality as something natural and common, then there is no reason to react in a negative way towards the LGBTQIA+ community in India today.

source: click here

note: i have merely shared some excerpts from the article, as it is. i also have paraphrased a few lines to make the sentences shorter without changing their original meaning. the sole credit for the entire article goes, obviously, to the author.

also, here's a reminder to stop being an a*****e and stop using your religion as an excuse to hide the fact that you're just a disgustingly bigoted human being.

[sapphireheavensbeloved]

Whats sia?

Im not completely sure which/what sia they mean but they could be referring to the singer that goes by the name “Sia” or they could be referring to these... And please dont read all of this this will give u brain damage 😭

Acronym Definition SIASecurity Industry Association SIASemiconductor Industry Association SIASecurities Industry Association (merged into Securities Industry & Financial Markets Association) SIASecurity Industry Authority (UK) SIASistemi Informativi Aziendali (Italian: Business Information Systems, Ltd.) SIASmithsonian Institution Archives (est. 1846) SIAServices to Improve Access (Ministry of Health; New Zealand) SIASubaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. (Lafayette, IN) SIAStable Isotope Analysis (biology) SIASenior Internal Auditor (accounting; various companies) SIASustainability Impact Assessment (trade) SIASociété des Ingénieurs de l'Automobile (French: Society of Automotive Engineers) SIASeoul Institute of the Arts (Seoul, South Korea) SIASalon International de l'Agriculture (French: International Exhibition of Agriculture) SIASocial Impact Assessment SIAServicios de Información y Asesoría (Spanish: Information and Advisory Services; Guatemala) SIAScaffold Industry Association SIASocial Insurance Agency (various locations) SIASchweizerischer Ingenieur- und Architektenverein SIASingapore Institute of Architects SIASubaru Isuzu Automotive SIASymantec Intruder Alert SIAStarting Instruction Address SIASubaru of Indiana Automotive SIAScsi Industry Association SIASemiconductor Industries Association SIAShenyang Institute of Automation (est. 1958; China) SIASpinal Injury Association (various locations) SIASafety Institute of Australia SIASystem Impact Assessment SIASatellite Industry Association SIASociété Suisse des Ingénieurs et des Architectes SIASociety for Industrial Archeology SIASam I Am (band) SIASecurity Integration Architecture SIASOCO International Plc (UK) SIASurvivors of Incest Anonymous SIASocieta Italiana di Andrologia (Italian) SIASummit International Awards (marketing communications industry) SIAService de l'Information Aéronautique (French: Aeronautical Information Service; General Directorate of Civil Aviation; France) SIAProfessional Ski Instructors Association of Japan SIAStuck in Active (Refers to DUAL-3-SIA error message of EIGRP) SIASecurities Institute of America SIASolutions for Intelligence Analysis (various organizations) SIASingapore International Airlines (ICAO code) SIAServizio Informazioni Aeronautiche (Italian: Air Intelligence Service) SIASubject Information Access SIASorry in Advance SIASpokane International Airport SIASocietà Interbancaria per l'automazione (Interbank Association for Automation) SIAShareware Industry Awards SIASport Industry Awards (UK) SIASequential Injection Analysis SIASaitama International Association (Japan) SIAStatistical Image Analysis (mathematics) SIAStaffing Industry Analysts, Inc. (Los Altos, California) SIASupplementary Immunization Activities SIASchools Insurance Authority (Sacramento, CA) SIAStudents in Action SIASwiss Insurance Association SIASimplex Investment Advisors (Japan) SIASocietà Italiana di Artroscopia SIASpecial Interest Alien SIASorry I Asked (chat) SIASugar Industry Authority (Jamaica) SIASki Industries America SIASocietà Italiana di Arboricoltura SIAService in Information & Analysis Limited (London, UK) SIASpaceweek International Association SIASolvents Industry Association (London, UK) SIASabiedriba ar Ierobezotu Atbildibu (Latvian: Limited Liability Company) SIASerial Interface Adaptor SIASafety Institute of America (Lexington, SC) SIASyrian Investment Agency SIASingapore International Airport SIAStructural Inventory & Appraisal (engineering; various locations) SIASession Initiation Application SIAStable Implementation Agreements (Bellcore) SIASistema de Información Aduanero (Spanish: Customs Information System) SIAStandard Instrument Approach SIASocially Intelligent Agent SIASudden Ionospheric Absorption (astrophysics) SIAShareware Industry Association SIASoldiers in Arms (gaming clan) SIAStarfleet Intelligence Agency (Star Trek) SIASystem Interface Agreement SIAState Implementing Agency (India) SIASalary Increase Authorization SIAStatistical Implicative Analysis SIAStorage Instantaneous Audimeter SIASciences et Initiatives pour l'Afrique (French: Science and Initiatives for Africa) SIASwap-In Arrears SIAScalable Interconnect Architecture SIAStation Interface Adapter SIASistema de Informação Aduaneiro (Portuguese: Customs Information System) SIASwiss Industrial Abrasive SIAScanner Interface Assembly SIAScreen Imagination Agency SIAStudent Initiated Assignment SIASociedad Argentina de Inmunologia SIASystem Interface Assembly SIASentral Sykehuset I Akershus SIASpecial Interface Adapter SIASelf Initiated Activity SIAShuttle Induced Atmosphere (US NASA) SIAServices Internetworking Architecture (Sedona) SIASignal Indicated Alarm SIASyra Intergalactic Arms (gaming) SIASoroptimists International of the Americas SIAStructured Improvement Activity SIAStartegic Issues Analysis SIASpecial Intelligence Australia SIASpecialized Individual Assistance SIASudanese Institute of Architects SIAStrategic Internet Alliance SIASupervision, Inspection and Administration (US Army) SIAStandardized IDRS/CFOL Access SIAStrategic Integral Approach

[davidluongart]

What did the ancient Greeks think of Buddhism? And are there any Buddhist monastic monks who are Greek themselves?

Before writing this paragraph essay, I just wanted to clarify myself first and gave props to my lovely Greek friend, @alatismeni-theitsa for letting me find and explore this part of the hidden histories of the Ancient Greek world. As a Southeast Asian who grew up in a society that was deeply ingrained by Buddhist philosophical teachings and traditional practices from the beginning of 1st-2nd century CE, I often have a lot of conflicting and contradictory thoughts/ ideas of how the society of Ancient Greco-Roman viewed upon Buddhism, and how cool it would be if the Greek settlers in one of those areas emigrated it into their own Western cultural practices and traditions.

Though I find it’s impossible to give a full and totally-reliable answer for all of the Ancient Greeks who lived in the Hellenistic Empire after the Alexandrian conquest, through some archeological and historical research, I will relate what I know on the answer both lie on the sides: “yes” and “no”. (As the reading sources will be listed down below, as usual.)

- It is a “yes” because the Greeks’ interaction with the natives of the Indian subcontinent can be considered as the first contact between the Greek culture of the West and Buddhism of the East, and that many Greek conquerers established their cities and kingdoms in the regions of Bactria and northern India, where Buddhism was already thriving. Historically, it was Cyrus the Great (558-530 BCE) who first built the universal empire, stretched from mainland Greece to Indus River, and founded the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia. Since the Persians had been slackened on holding onto its Indian regions into its tight control, many small local, independent kingdoms began to arose in 380 BCE. In 327 BCE, Alexander the Great overran the Persian Empire against Darius I and located his own political entities within these territories, as he would later fight against numerous Indian monarchs in the Punjab region, South Asia during that time too. (The name Punjab literally meant as “the land of five rivers” in Persian.) The furthest Eastern point of his Hellenistic Empire was in the Indo-Greek city of Taxila, now located in modern-day Pakistan; as Alexander himself was exhausted and frightened by the prospect of facing another giant Indian army at the Ganges River. (This might have inspired the story of ��Dionysiaca” by Nonnus, where Zeus orders Dionysus to wage on a fighting conquest against the Indians, in order to earn his own title of godhood. And on the other hand, the Greeks were mentioned as “Yavanas” or “Yonas” - a  Sanskritized version of the name “Ionia”- in the classical Indian texts - such as “Yuga Parana” and the “Mahabharata”, and other Buddhist texts as well.)

- It is a “yes” because from this previously-mentioned cultural interaction, emerges the artistic manifestation movement of Greco-Buddhism; where the first anthropomorphic depiction of the Buddha begins to appear, often have a youthful Apollo-like face, his eyelids were half-closed and often wearing Roman toga-like garments. (that were common in the Imperial Greek and the later Roman statues.) Previous images of the Buddha were often aniconic - consisted of his foot markings, the bodhi tree, the lotus, and the wheel of dharma - symbolizing the cycle of life. Scenes of Greek mythologies that involved deities such as Zeus, Poseidon, Heracles, Athena, and Aphrodite, etc. were still a common display in these Indo-Greek cities, as well, and they are sometimes incorporated as “smaller deities/divinities” and “protectors” within the Buddhist iconography. 

The region of this flourishing culture and artistic style was known by the name “Gandhara”, located in the north of the Kabul river, Afghanistan and up to the valley of Peshawar, Pakistan; and it might possible that Buddhism in this area was once filled with the Greek and Achaemenid Persian conversions. (So yes, Greek Buddhist monastic monks did exist! And that they did practice and participated in Buddhism!) Gandhara was later conquered by numerous nomadic tribes (the Huns and Mongols), then the Hindus, and finally Muslim Sassanid Caliphates (aided by the Turks); lead to the destruction of many historic Buddhist sites, forced cultural assimilation and religious convergence to Islam in many regions of Afghanistan, Pakistan and northern India. One of the most recent destruction of these ancient Buddhist sites can be seen through the destruction of Bamiyan Buddhas by the local Afghan extremist group, the Taliban in 2001.

- It is a “yes” because Buddhism might have influenced back at several Greek schools of philosophies and might have played some parts in the later Christian theologies as well. (Albeit are very, very heatedly-debated and controversial !) Many Greek philosophers who have accompanied Alexander in his Eastern campaigns, such as Pyrrho of Elis have opened their own schools that dealt with skepticism and cynicism based on the philosophical teachings of Buddha. And many Christian authors such as St. Clement of Alexandria and St. Jerome are aware of the tales of Buddha and sometimes mentioned them in their own scripts as well, as “he was the one born from the side of the virgin”, with the stories of non-canonized Christian saints “Barlaam and Josaphat” might have been based on the story of his personal life, too. 

- However, it is a “no” because as a Buddhist myself, unlike the common pagan religions of the West; Buddhism is not really a central authoritative religion that was lead by a holy being/ divinity, even though it’s kind of look like one. But it was not about the idea of total rejection of worshipping one’s own pantheon of gods, either. Buddhism is rather about the spreading of philosophical teachings/ideas of Siddhārta Gautama himself, on how to guide your own life, and to alleviate one’s own sufferings (without the help of any divinity) and the construction of burial mounds known as “stupas” - where it contained Buddha’s sacred relics and his Bodhisattvas, as it was also used as a meditating place for monks as well. (Even though there are some parts of Greek influence in the arts of stupa construction, and there are some contradictory sources that cited “the construction of stupas” originally came from the wider traditions of the Ancient Mediterranean and the Indus Valley. Since it is now also considered as “a prominent part of India's cultural heritage”, so I guess it is kind of a 50/50 ? Both yes and no ?)

- It is also a “no” because around the time of King Ashoka’s reign - who had been known to adopt Buddhism as “his main state religion and renounce violence/ brutality from the Kalinga war” and responsible for the openings of many Buddhist monasteries in every four points of the compass - Buddhism are just only two centuries old and it was still preferably new, in comparison with the old, ancient pagan Greek gods of the West and that the historical Buddha himself- Siddharta Gautama lived from 480 - 400 BCE, in the area of Lumbini, now located in the modern-day India-Nepal border. However, that does not mean the spreading of Buddhism is impossible, as this new philosophical teachings of Buddhism might perhaps had been popular to the Greeks royals who lived upon the eastern fringes of Seleucid Empire; but haven’t reached out to all of the Greeks who lived in other parts of the Mediterranean area yet. (As Ashoka’s grandmother was alleged to be the daughter of Seleucus I Nicator, and wife of Chandragupta Maurya. And that intermarriages between these two Indo-Greek kingdoms for reasons of “peace treaties” and “political alignments” are quite common around this time, along with the sending and receiving of aphrodisiac gifts.) And even though these areas later broke down into smaller independent Indo-Greek city-states/kingdoms (180 BC- 10 AD) and the Parthian Empire (247 BC-224 AD), the religious practices of Buddhism are still flourished within them.

- It is a “no” because there are a lot of internal socio-political problems that happened in the region of Levant, ruled by Seleucid and Ptolemaic Empire (now known to be located in the modern-day Syria and the Israel-Palestine border) after the 1st century BC- which might make the teachings of Buddhism unable spread further into the West. This can be range from the ongoing competition and conflict of these two empires, the continuing cultural exclusiveness of the local Jewish population to the Hellenization of Greco-Roman cultural and philosophical ideas, the hostility of foreign conquerors from all directions (especially from the Parthians and Armenians), and the slow rise of Christianity - who soon to be dominating all parts of Europe, after the eventual fall of future Rome. The Seleucid Empire finally was overthrown by the efforts of the Roman general, Pompey the Great and the Armenian king Tigranes the Great from 83BC- 63 BC, finally turning them into the small Roman province of Syria. What Seleucid I’s grand vision of a vast, multi-cultural empire living together in peace had now been lost and reduced to nothing, with its ancient historical monuments are now being continously looted and destroyed from future civilizations. (The latest event that happened here was the destruction of Palmyra and Hatra from ISIS in 2014.) And about the previously-mentioned “Jewish resistance of Greco-Roman Hellenization”, it was when the Jewish traditional customs of “Sabbath” and “circumcision” were been officially outlawed by Antiochus IV Epiphanes, and when the Judeo-Christian god being equated with the Olympian Zeus and sacrifices of pigs were made at the Temple of Jerusalem; that led to the outrageous Maccabean revolt in 167–160 BCE, and the celebration of modern-day Hanukkah festival in remembrance.

Because of all of this, the Buddhist culture began to travel to many places of the Far East through the caravan and seafaring routes of Silk Road; and through huge modifications and cultural syncretism, it’s become the East Asian image of the Buddha that we often saw today. (The “cultural syncretism” can be included their own local/regional folk religions and philosophical beliefs (such as the beliefs of Confucianism, Zen) creating new pantheons of buddhas, bodhisattvas, and semi-divine deities.)

TL/DR: The Greeks, after the Alexandrian conquest, did influence a lot of parts in Indian culture, thanks to a complex chain of social, cultural and political factors. Some of these influences are still persisting within Greece and India to this day. And yes, there are a lot of cultural interactions between the Greek of the West and the Buddhism of the East; and that there are Buddhist monks who are Ancient Greek themselves, too.

+ Sources:

The Crash Course introductory video about Buddhism

Bettany Hughes’ introductory documentary video about Seven Wonders of Buddhism, even though she only just tap a small parts of Greco-Buddhism  (For anyone who haven’t introduced or didn’t know about the concepts of Buddhism such as karma, dharma, nirvana, samsara, please watch this.) 

The Khan Academy article about the destruction of Afghanistan’s Bamiyan Buddha statues, and the Greco-Buddhism culture once stood there.

The cultural links between India and the Greco-Roman world from Ancient Encyclopedia 

The history of Seleucid Empire, during and after the conquest of Alexander the Great from Ancient Encyclopedia.

The debatable/controversial legacy of Buddhism to the Ancient Greek culture, philosophy and the Christian theology (Since I am a Buddhist myself for my whole life, I don’t really know much about other religions such as Christianity. So I let the Wikipedia article to speak for itself, even though it is not always 100% trustable.)

[agastiya]

Best Ayurvedic  / Siddha Treatment in Chennai

Siddha Treatment in Chennai - Akasthiya Siddha Clinic. Chennai's best Siddha Treatment for Thyroid, Endometriosis, Fertility, Spondylosis, Diabetes, Piles, Kidney Stone & Asthma.

ABOUT SIDDHA MEDICINE

Beginning:

The Siddha Arrangement of Medicine (Customary Tamil Arrangement of medicine), which has been pervasive in the ancient Tamil land, is the premier of all other medical frameworks on the planet. Its cause returns to B.C 10,000 to B.C 4,000. According to the printed and archeological confirmations which show the far off artifact of the Dravidian human advancement of the recent lowered land Kumarikandam, that is the Lemuria landmass arranged in the Indian sea, the Siddha Arrangement of Medicine is contemporaneous with those of the lowered grounds Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Chinese and Grecian medicines. The uniqueness of Siddha Framework is clear by its nonstop support of the humankind for over 5000 years in battling illnesses and furthermore in keeping up its physical, mental and moral wellbeing while a considerable lot of its peers had gotten wiped out some time in the past. we give the Best Siddha Treatment in Chennai and Best Ayurvedic treatment in Chennai.

The foundations of the ancient Siddha Framework are entwined with the folklore and culture of the ancient Tamil development that existed in the southernmost tip of the Indian promontory, originating before quite a bit of written history.

Magically, the birthplace of Siddha is credited to Ruler Siva, who should have given it down to his associate Parvathi (Shakthi), who thus gave the sacrosanct information to Nandi, from whom it was sent to the first of "Siddhars". Siddha is a Tamil word got from "siddhi" - accomplishing flawlessness throughout everyday life or radiant delight.

Best Siddha Treatment in Chennai

The framework is said to have arisen in days of yore, from the exceptionally developed awareness of the Siddhars. The explained acumen and uplifted instinct of the Siddhars, coming about because of their yogic forces, empowered them to investigate their general surroundings and endeavor its common assets for mankind. Their discoveries on the qualities of plants, metals, minerals and creature items and their insight into the properties of medications, its refinement, handling, fixing measurement, poisonousness, remedy and clinical application, were safeguarded as stanzas for the utilization of the successors.

This unique inheritance was passed on to choose pupils or "chidas" by listening in on others' conversations. It is accepted that there was a line of 18 siddhars, with Agasthya being the preeminent and a huge segment of Siddha legend is credited to him. With time, this oral custom was translated on palm leaf original copies that currently fill in as the significant archive of the information.

The supporters of Siddha framework, the Siddhars, of Tamil land, were spiritualists, yogis, writers, lovers, diviners and medical men of different blends and different heights. They were very individuals who had otherworldly powers (like Eight sorts of Siddhis). They were the best researchers of ancient occasions and were the watchmen of the world and they existed, and still exist, to serve general society on the loose. They were men of extraordinary down to earth information and intelligence. They had full familiarity with the nature and exercises of the multitude of items in this planet and of all occasions past, present and future. They were basically answerable for the development and improvement not just of Tamil medicine that incorporates speculative chemistry, medicine, yoga, kayakalpa (revival treatment), reasoning, cosmology, crystal gazing, varma, muppu, thokkanam and so forth, yet additionally for some different studies of public utility.

GUIDING PRINCIPLES:

As indicated by the Siddha framework, the individual is a microcosm of the universe. The human body comprises of the five early stage components earth, water, fire, air and space, the three humors-vatha, pitta and kapha and seven actual constituents. Food is the fundamental structure material of the human body and gets prepared into humors, tissues and squanders. The balance of humors is considered as wellbeing and its aggravation or irregularity prompts an unhealthy state; Holy person Thiruvalluvar has shown similar view in his Thirukural,

"மிகினும் குறையினும் நோய்செய்யும் நூலோர்

வளிமுதலா எண்ணிய மூன்று." - குறள் 941

"Three things starting with wind, say specialists,

In abundance or lacking reason sickness" - Kural 941

Mirroring this hypothesis of astronomical unity, the five faculties are said to relate with the five components. Ether (Veli) is liable for hearing; air (katru) for feeling of touch; fire (thee) for sight; water (neer) for taste; and earth (mann) for the feeling of smell.

MIND - BODY CONTINUUM:

Siddha is an extensive framework that spots equivalent accentuation on the body, mind and soul and endeavors to reestablish the inborn amicability of the person. Treatment is pointed toward reestablishing harmony to the mind-body framework. Diet and way of life assume a significant job in keeping up wellbeing as well as in restoring infections.

"Food itself is medicine a lot itself is food" Medications utilized by the Siddhars can be ordered into three gatherings

MATERIA MEDICA:-

Medications utilized by the Siddhars can be ordered into three gatherings: Thaavaram (natural item), Thaathu (inorganic substances), and Jangamam (creature items).

UNIQUE DIAGNOSTIC METHODOLOGY:

The diagnostic methodology in Siddha treatment is unique as it is made absolutely based on the clinical astuteness of the doctor. The beat, skin, tongue, composition, discourse, eye, stools and pee are analyzed. This methodology is all things considered known as "Eight kinds of assessment"; and among the eight, the assessment of heartbeat is significant in affirming the finding.

CONCEPT OF SIDDHA TREATMENT:-

Treatment comprises of three particular classes: Deva Maruthuvam, (divine technique); Maanida Maruthuvam (levelheaded strategy); and Asura Maruthuvam (careful technique). In the heavenly technique, medicines like parpam, chenduram, master, kuligai arranged from mercury, sulfur and pashanams are utilized. In the normal technique, medicines arranged from spices like churanam, kudineer, vadagam are utilized. In careful technique, entry point, extraction, heat application, phlebotomy, siphon application and so on are practised.

The helpful treatment in Siddha could be additionally sorted into Laxative treatment, Emetic treatment, Fasting treatment, Steam treatment, Oleation treatment, Active recuperation, Sun oriented treatment, Phlebotomy treatment and Yoga treatment.

There is likewise a part of the conventional science that manages traumatology and unintentional wounds called Varma. This depends on the thought of in excess of 100 fundamental focuses that are intersections of bones, ligaments, tendons, veins and nerves called Varma focuses. Pranic energy is discovered gathered in these focuses which, upon control, produce healing impact.

Siddha framework has colossal pharmacopeia containing vegetable, creature and mineral items and treatment methods comprising being used of 32 kinds of interior medicines and 32 sorts of outer medicines, use of warmth and cold, salves, mixtures and poultice, phlebotomy, counter aggravation, shower, attractions, manipulative cycles, for example, thokkanam, varma, yoga and fixation on cleanliness and diet (pathiam), periodical utilization of laxatives and emetics, utilization of medications which incorporate, aside from spices, arrangements from metals and minerals, for example, copper, silver, gold, lead and arrangements from results of creature cause, for example, cerebrum, liver, bones, blood, skull, horns of different creatures, tissues of reptiles and furthermore Kayakalpa to forestall or defer turning gray of hair, development of wrinkles and maturing, counteraction or treatment of sicknesses, and delay of death (to any ideal timeframe). Some experimental treatment strategies under the pretense of enchantment expulsion, spell, journey, peregrinations, mountaineering and comparative exercises have likewise been by and by since ages.

CLASSIFICATION OF SIDDHA MEDICINES:-

Siddha medicines might be generally partitioned into three classes - (I) Marvel medicines, (ii) Complex medicines and (iii) Normal medicines. Wonder medicines are getting uncommon and should be gained straightforwardly from the bosses who, having gone through all types of inception and perils of apprenticeship, have arrived at flawlessness in all regards. Modern medicines might be logically arranged and utilized by the all around prepared doctors absent a lot of danger. Normal medicines are generally basic and modest ones which were in wide use till the start of the twentieth century are as yet being used in distant rustic regions of our nation.

KUNDALINI YOGA:-

The Siddhars have developed an uncommon method for achieving profound arousing by energizing, with yoga procedures like aasana, praanaayaama and dhyaana (contemplation), the Kundalini shakthi (Snake power) lying lethargic at the base of the spinal segment in the area of the sacral plexus. Simply via thinking about his human legacy, man can show up at the acknowledgment of his most noteworthy possibilities. By working as one with philosophy and reasoning, Siddha medicine helps bringing to development the quiet diamond of undying perfect being in his human body.

SIDDHA EDUCATION:-

The Siddha arrangement of education in ancient India was not granted or coordinated on the size of mass education like schools and universities, however the ideal of education was to regard it as a mystery and holy cycle, for the explanation that the cycle of an individual development (particularly the internal development) must be accomplished by a nearby and consistent touch between the instructor and the instructed in their own relationship from which the entire world was barred.

The showing was bestowed as refrains, a considerable lot of them in vague language and passed on to the successors by the master sishya (educator follower) convention. The consecrated medicines and strategies were trained distinctly to a nearby hover of pupils and this pattern kept on existing till as of late.

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