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Zodiac Signs and Their Traits

In Western astrology, astrological signs are the twelve 30° sectors of the ecliptic, starting at the vernal equinox (one of the intersections of the ecliptic with the celestial equator), also known as the First Point of Aries. The order of the astrological signs is Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius and Pisces. Each sector is named for a constellation it passes through. The concept of the zodiac originated in Babylonian astrology and was later influenced by Hellenistic culture. According to astrology, celestial phenomena relate to human activity on the principle of "as above, so below", so that the signs are held to represent characteristic modes of expression. Modern discoveries about the true nature of celestial objects have undermined the theoretical basis for assigning meaning to astrological signs, and empirical scientific investigation has shown that predictions and recommendations based on these systems are not accurate.: 85;424 Astrology is generally regarded as pseudoscience. The twelve sector division of the ecliptic constitutes astrology's primary frame of reference when considering the positions of celestial bodies, from a geocentric point of view, so that we may find, for instance, the Sun in 23° Aries (23° longitude), the Moon in 7° Scorpio (217° longitude), or Jupiter in 29° Pisces (359° longitude). Beyond the celestial bodies, other astrological points that are dependent on geographical location and time (namely, the Ascendant, the Midheaven, the Vertex and the houses' cusps) are also referenced within this ecliptic coordinate system. Various approaches to measuring and dividing the sky are currently used by differing systems of astrology, although the tradition of the Zodiac's names and symbols remain consistent. Western astrology measures from Equinox and Solstice points (points relating to equal, longest and shortest days of the tropical year), while Jyotiṣa or Vedic astrology measures along the equatorial plane (sidereal year). Precession results in Western astrology's zodiacal divisions not corresponding in the current era to the constellations that carry similar names, while Jyotiṣa measurements still correspond with the background constellations. In Western and Indian astrology, the emphasis is on space, and the movement of the Sun, Moon and planets in the sky through each of the zodiac signs. In Chinese astrology, by contrast, the emphasis is on time, with the zodiac operating on cycles of years, months, and hours of the day.

Planetary Rulership

Rulership is the connection between planet and correlated sign and house. In traditional Western astrology, each sign is ruled by one and only one of the seven visible planets (note that in astrology, the Sun and Moon are termed The Lights, while the other bodies are called planets, which literally means wanderers, i.e. wandering stars as opposed to the fixed stars). The traditional rulership’s are as follows: Aries (Mars), Taurus (Venus), Gemini (Mercury), Cancer (Moon), Leo (Sun), Virgo (Mercury), Libra (Venus), Scorpio (Pluto), Sagittarius (Jupiter), Capricorn (Saturn), Aquarius (Uranus), and Pisces (Neptune). Psychologically oriented astrologers often believe that Saturn is the ruler or co-ruler of Aquarius instead of Uranus; Neptune is the ruler or co-ruler of Pisces instead of Jupiter, and that Pluto is the ruler or co-ruler of Scorpio instead of Mars. Some astrologers believe that the planetoid Chiron may be the ruler of Virgo, while other group of modern astrologers claim that Ceres is the ruler of Taurus instead. Other astrologers, still, use the former planets Pallas, Vesta, Juno and Hygiea in their delineations and rulership’s, for example Vesta to Taurus and Pallas to Virgo. Debate continues between those who consider the newly discovered planets as rulers or co-rulers of certain signs and those that do not. Some astrologers do not even use the astrological signs at all (mostly Cosmobiologists and Uranian Astrologers/Hamburg School). Therefore, they do not take into account planetary rulership’s and the essential dignities when interpreting an astrological chart. Note that, if one starts from Leo and Cancer, the traditional planetary rulers are arrayed outward in the same order from the sun as they occur in the natural solar system. The Lights ruling Leo and Cancer, Mercury ruling Virgo and Gemini, Venus ruling Libra and Taurus, Mars ruling Scorpio and Aries, Jupiter ruling Sagittarius and Pisces, Saturn ruling Capricorn and Aquarius. The result is a symmetry of traditional rulership’s across the 0° Leo/Aquarius axis. Note that modern rulership’s, which attribute Pluto as ruler of Scorpio, break this symmetry.

Dignity and detriment, exaltation and fall

A traditional belief of astrology, known as essential dignity, is the idea that the Sun, Moon and planets are more powerful and effective in some signs than others, because the basic nature of both is held to be in harmony. By contrast, they are held to find some signs to be weak or difficult to operate in because their natures are thought to be in conflict. The most important of these categories are Dignity, Detriment, Exaltation and Fall. Dignity and Detriment: A planet is strengthened or dignified if it falls within the sign that it rules. In other words, it is said to exercise Rulership of the sign. For example, the Moon in Cancer is considered "strong" (well-dignified). Seventeenth century astrologer William Lilly compared rulership to a king on his throne, with considerable dignity. If a planet is in the sign opposite that which its rules (or is dignified), it is said to be weakened or in Detriment (for example, the Moon in Capricorn). In traditional astrology, other levels of Dignity are recognized in addition to Rulership. These are known as Exaltation (see below), Triplicity, Terms or bounds, and Face or Decan, which together are known as describing a planet's Essential dignity, the quality or ability to give of one's true nature. Contemporary traditional astrologers like John Frawley or J Lee Lehman explain further on the concept of Essential Dignity. Exaltation and Fall: In addition, a planet is also strengthened when it is in its sign of Exaltation. In traditional horary astrology, Exaltation denotes a level of dignity somewhat exaggerated compared to rulership. Exaltation was considered to give the planet (or what it signified in a horary chart) dignity, with the metaphor of an honored guest – who is the centre of attention but the extent of their ability to act is limited. Examples of planets in their Exaltation are Saturn (Libra), Sun (Aries), Venus (Pisces), Moon (Taurus), Mercury (Virgo, although some disagree to this classification), Mars (Capricorn), Jupiter (Cancer). A planet in the opposite sign of its Exaltation is said to be in its Fall, and thus weakened, perhaps seemingly more so than Detriment. The Planet in fall is passively rejected or ignored by the sign that it's in. It can be likened to a mayor of a rival city trying to make suggestions to the hosting mayor for how he should run his city: The host mayor finds it difficult to trust him and cannot see how his input could have relevancy to his city. The people of the city feel the same as their ruler. The result is impasse and failure on behalf of both mayors and the city.[31] There is no agreement as to the signs in which the three extra-Saturnian planets may be considered to be exalted. In addition to essential dignity, the traditional astrologer considers Accidental dignity of planets. This is placement by house in the chart under examination. Accidental dignity is the planet's "ability to act." So, we might have, for example, Moon in Cancer, dignified by rulership, is placed in the 12th house it would have little scope to express its good nature. The 12th is a cadent house as are the 3rd, 6th and 9th and planets in these houses are considered weak or afflicted. On the other hand, Moon in the 1st, 4th, 7th or 10th would be more able to act as these are Angular houses. Planets in Succedent houses of the chart (2nd, 5th, 8th, 11th) are generally considered to be of medium ability to act. Besides Accidental Dignity, there are a range of Accidental Debilities, such as retrogradation, Under the Sun's Beams, Combust, and so forth.

Additional classifications

Each sign can be divided into three 10° sectors known as decans or decanates, though these have fallen into disuse. The first decanate is said to be most emphatically of its own nature and is ruled by the sign ruler.[34] The next decanate is sub-ruled by the planet ruling the next sign in the same triplicity. The last decanate is sub-ruled by the next in order in the same triplicity. While the element and modality of a sign are together sufficient to define it, they can be grouped to indicate their symbolism. The first four signs, Aries, Taurus, Gemini and Cancer, form the group of personal signs. The next four signs, Leo, Virgo, Libra and Scorpio form the group of interpersonal signs. The last four signs of the zodiac, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius and Pisces, form the group of transpersonal signs. Dane Rudhyar presented the tropical zodiac primary factors, used in the curriculum of the RASA School of Astrology. The tropical zodiac is the zodiac of seasonal factors as opposed to the sidereal zodiac (constellation factors). The primary seasonal factors are based on the changing ratio of sunlight and darkness across the year. The first factor is whether the chosen time falls in the half of the year when daylight is increasing, or the half of the year when darkness is increasing. The second factor is whether the chosen time falls in the half of the year when there is more daylight than darkness, or the half when there is more darkness than daylight. The third factor is which of the four seasons the chosen time falls in, defined by the first two factors.

Thus:

The winter season is when daylight is increasing and there is more darkness than daylight.

The spring season is when daylight is increasing and there is more daylight than darkness.

The summer season is when darkness is increasing and there is more daylight than darkness.

The autumn season is when darkness is increasing and there is more darkness than daylight.

Norse Zodiac Signs

Aries-Gladsheimr March 21-April 19

Presiding God: Odin

Element: Fire

Quality: Cardinal

Color: Red

Day: Tuesday

Ruler: Mars

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Libra, Leo

Lucky Numbers: 1, 8, 17

Strengths: Courageous, determined, confident, enthusiastic, optimistic, honest, passionate

Weaknesses: Impatient, moody, short-tempered, impulsive, aggressive

Aries likes: Comfortable clothes, taking on leadership roles, physical challenges, individual sports

Aries dislikes: Inactivity, delays, work that does not use one's talents

As the first sign in the zodiac, the presence of Aries always marks the beginning of something energetic and turbulent. They are continuously looking for dynamic, speed and competition, always being the first in everything - from work to social gatherings. Thanks to its ruling planet Mars and the fact it belongs to the element of Fire (just like Leo and Sagittarius), Aries is one of the most active zodiac signs. It is in their nature to take action, sometimes before they think about it well. The Sun in such high dignity gives them excellent organizational skills, so you'll rarely meet an Aries who isn't capable of finishing several things at once, often before lunch break! Their challenges show when they get impatient, aggressive and vent anger pointing it to other people. Strong personalities born under this sign have a task to fight for their goals, embracing togetherness and teamwork through this incarnation. Aries rules the head and leads with the head, often literally walking headfirst, leaning forwards for speed and focus. Its representatives are naturally brave and rarely afraid of trial and risk. They possess youthful strength and energy, regardless of their age and quickly perform any given tasks. Aries - the Flying Ram Guided by the story of the Golden Fleece, an Aries is ready to be the hero of the day, fly away and carry many endangered, powerless people on their back. The power of the ram is carried on his back, for he is the gold itself, shiny and attractive to those ready for betrayal. The story of glory that isn't easy to carry is in these two horns, and if this animal doesn't get shorn, allowing change and giving someone a warm sweater, they won't have much to receive from the world. Each Aries has a task to share their position, power, gold, or physical strength with other people willingly, or the energy will be stopped in its natural flow, fear will take over, and the process of giving and receiving will hold balance at zero.

Sex and Love

Aries is a fire sign with the need to take initiative when it comes to romance. When they fall in love, they will express their feelings to the person they are in love with, without even giving it a considerable thought. The compatibility of an Aries with other signs of the zodiac is very complex. Aries in love may shower their loved one with affection, sometimes even an excess of it, forgetting to check the information they get in return. They are very passionate, energetic and love adventures. An Aries is a passionate lover, sometimes even an addict to pleasures of the flesh and sexual encounters. With their opposing sign being Libra, the sign of relating, tact, and diplomacy, it is the furthest point from their natural personality. This can present a problem in their romantic experience, for they don't seem to have enough patience and focus on their partner, as much as they do on the passionate approach they always nurture. They have to embrace all matters of Venus, with all of its love, tenderness, joy, peaceful satisfaction, and foreplay. Still, their partner should keep in mind that they need the adrenaline and excitement every day, and their relationship can only be strong and long lasting if their primal needs are met. An Aries might be turned to themselves for the most part, in loud respect for their own boundaries, but they are highly compatible with certain signs of the zodiac

Friends and Family

Friends - Social life of an Aries representative is always moving, warm, and filled with new encounters. They are tolerant of people they come in contact with, respectful of different personalities and the openness they can provoke with simple presence. Their circle of friends needs a wide range of strange individuals, mostly in order for them to feel like they have enough different views on personal matters they don't know how to resolve. Since people born in the sign of Aries easily enter communication, direct and honest in their approach, they will make an incredible number of connections and acquaintances in their lifetime. Still, they often cut many of them short for dishonesty and unclear intentions. Long-term friendships in their lives will come with those who are just as energetic and brave to share their insides at any time.

Family - Independent and ambitious, an Aries often knows where they want to go at a young age, separating from their family a bit early. Even as children they can be hard to control, and if they don't receive enough love and patience from their parents, all of their intimate bonds later in life could suffer. A lot of anger comes from the sign of Aries if too many restrictions come their way, and only when they come from liberal families will they nurture their bonds with an easy flow. Even when this isn't the case, they will take on family obligations when they need to be taken care of, never refusing more work as if their pool of energy is infinite.

Career and Money

This is an area of life in which an Aries shine brightest. Their working environment is the perfect place for their ambition and creativity to show, with them fighting to be as good as possible. A natural born leader, Aries will prefer to issue orders rather than receive them. Their speed of mind and vast energy to move helps them to always be one step ahead of everyone else. All they need to do in order to succeed is follow their chosen path and not give up on professional plans guided away by emotions. When faced with a challenge, an Aries will quickly assess the situation and come to a solution. Competition does not bother them and instead encourages them to shine even brighter. They can have great careers in sports and challenging environments, and enjoy their chosen path as managers, policemen, soldiers, etc. Even though Aries representatives can be wise and save some money for a rainy day, this is not often the case for the joy of spending it and taking risks is even greater. They live in the present and aren't that focused on the future, and this can make them irrational and hasty when it comes to financial decisions. Still, they seem to always find a way to earn money and compensate for what they have spent, in a natural flow of energy that needs to come back when invested wisely.

How to Attract and Aries Man

Independence is the key to understanding an Aries, for they don't like to take orders from others. In order to seduce an Aries man, you need to learn to play the game by his rules. This man often finds the chase for the subject of his desire more thrilling than the catch, and his conquering nature makes him often chase after partners he can't have. To get his attention, one must play hard to get, as if sending a message that he needs to fight for a prize and winning the one he truly wants to be with. This is a man in love with a good challenge and in a rush to become their partner's "knight in shining armor", so he needs to be let to be one from time to time. His life partner might have to yell back in a fight, building strong boundaries and earning his respect. On a bad day an Aries can be self-centered, arrogant and stubborn, but he is also courageous, adventurous, and passionate. A relationship with this man can be fun and exciting, but it easily gets someone hurt if their partner doesn't recognize the energy needed for their relationship to last.

How to Attract an Aries Woman

Aries women are fearless and natural leaders. They are energetic, charismatic, dynamic, and in love with challenges and adventures. If you want to attract the attention of an Aries woman, you must let her seduce you and appeal to her independent nature. A woman born under the Aries zodiac sign is extremely passionate and sexual, which makes her irresistible to the opposite sex. She is constantly on the move and will never allow herself to be overrun by a man, at the same time craving for love but trying to hold on to control. To attract a woman born in this sign, one has to take action but not give the impression that control has been taken over. She needs to be free to show initiative and fight for affection of her loved one, expecting the same in return. Once she falls in love, she is extremely faithful, and at times overly jealous. Dating her means giving her all the attention she needs, giving her time and constant effort to prove there is love behind the act. Confident and domineering, she doesn't just need someone to follow, but someone to be equally energetic and strong. A relationship with an Aries woman can be interesting, full of adventures and excitement, but only if one is ready to take on a less dominant role from time to time.

Compatible Signs Aries Should Consider: Sagittarius, Leo, Aquarius, Gemini, Libra

Taurus-Thyrmhiemr April 20-May 20

Presiding God: Skadi

Element: Earth

Quality: Fixed

Color: Green, Pink

Day: Friday, Monday

Ruler: Venus

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Scorpio, Cancer

Lucky Numbers: 2, 6, 9, 12, 24

Strengths: Reliable, patient, practical, devoted, responsible, stable

Weaknesses: Stubborn, possessive, uncompromising

Taurus likes: Gardening, cooking, music, romance, high quality clothes, working with hands

Taurus dislikes: Sudden changes, complications, insecurity of any kind, synthetic fabrics

Practical and well-grounded, Taurus is the sign that harvests the fruits of labor. They feel the need to always be surrounded by love and beauty, turned to the material world, hedonism, and physical pleasures. People born with their Sun in Taurus are sensual and tactile, considering touch and taste the most important of all senses. Stable and conservative, this is one of the most reliable signs of the zodiac, ready to endure and stick to their choices until they reach the point of personal satisfaction. Taurus is an Earth sign, just like Virgo and Capricorn, and has the ability to see things from a grounded, practical and realistic perspective. They find it easy to make money and stay on same projects for years, or until they are completed. What we often see as stubbornness can be interpreted as commitment, and their ability to complete tasks whatever it takes is uncanny. This makes them excellent employees, great long-term friends and partners, always being there for people they love. Earthly note makes them overprotective, conservative, or materialistic at times, with views of the world founded on their love of money and wealth. The ruler of Taurus is Venus, the planet of love, attraction, beauty, satisfaction, creativity and gratitude. This tender nature will make Taurus an excellent cook, gardener, lover, and artist. They are loyal and don't like sudden changes, criticism or the chase of guilt people are often prone to, being somewhat dependable on other people and emotions they seem to be unable to let go of. Still, no matter their potential emotional challenge, these individuals have the ability to bring a practical voice of reason in any chaotic and unhealthy situation. Taurus – the Wandering Bull Being the one who betrayed their best friend, goddess Hera herself, this is an unfortunate being that has to wander the Earth in order to find freedom. As if something was always poking them behind their back, reminding them of happiness that once was, stinging and pushing forwards, they close up in their own worlds, lonely and separated from their core. To find love, a Taurus has to travel the world, change perspective or make a shift in their entire belief system and their system of values.

Sex and Love

One always has to be prepared to have patience for a Taurus lover. They are extremely sensual, touch, smell and all pleasurable senses being extremely important to them, but they also need time to create a safe environment and relax in their sexual encounters. When they create enough intimacy with a loved one, they become a bit gooey, sometimes even needy, and have to keep their emotions in check, holding on to practical reasoning, while embracing change and initiative of their partner at all times. For long-term relationships they often choose people from the same social environment that are able to respond to their intellectual needs, but also the expectations of their family and close friends. Holding on to traditional values and the practical side to life, this is a sign that rarely chooses a partner who won’t fulfill basic expectations of their upbringing, often showing and receiving attention through gifts and material things. If they stick to the moral code too stiffly and refuse all taboos and adventurous approaches, they could end up swimming in frustration and anger issues they don’t know how to resolve, often manifesting through the person standing in front of them. Taurus compatibility with other signs can be complicated. This is a sign of physical pleasure, hedonism and the flow of emotion that isn’t reserved for just anyone.

Friends and Family

Friends - People born in this sign are loyal and always willing to lend a hand of friendship, although they can be closed up for the outer world before they build trust for new social contacts they make. Many of their friendships begin in childhood with a tendency to last them a lifetime. Once they make a clear intimate connection to another person, they will do anything they can to nurture the relationship and make it functional even in the hard times.

Family – Home and matters of the family are very important to every Taurus. This is a person who loves kids and appreciates time spent with people who love them, respecting family routines, customs, and present in all events and gatherings. They will enjoy hosting house parties for both their family and friends, and don’t mind cooking a meal for a room full of people if they just have fun in return.

Career and Money

Taurus representatives usually love money and will work hard in order to earn it. They are reliable, hardworking, patient and thorough, as an employee or someone in a position of power. When focused on a specific project, they will firmly stick to it, no matter what happens in the world around them. Stability is the key to understand their working routine. The search for material pleasures and rewards is an actual need to build their own sense of value and achieve a satisfying luxurious, yet practical way of life. Their job is observed as a means to make it possible. Taurus is a Sun sign well organized with their finances, and all of their bills will be paid without delay. They care for their pension, taking responsibility and saving some money for a rainy day, able to make do with a really small and a really big salary just the same. Occupations that fit them are agriculture, banking, art, and anything that involves culinary skills.

How to Attract a Taurus Man

If you are in search for a strong, loyal and generous man, Taurus is the person you are looking for. He is trustworthy, patient and tender when in love, always in search for a returned emotion. He will not pick on subtle hinds and suggestive looks from those who flirt with him, being a bit slow on the uptake as if waiting for someone to ask them out. He dislikes artificiality of any kind, and values conversations filled with genuine statements, especially when it comes to compliments and love declarations. A Taurus man needs time to build trust and anyone on a chase for his heart needs to take the time earning it. As a person of very few words, he will seem impossible to penetrate at times, as if nothing can touch him. An invitation for a delicious home-cooked mean is always a safe bet when dating this man, as well as choosing a place that is comfortable and cozy, rather than popular or modern. Turned to nature and common thinking, he will see sex as something that comes when the time is right, rarely puts any pressure on his partner and feels like it is something to be enjoyed, not so much something to crave for. A part of his fixed, static character is the potential inability to forgive betrayal, and he needs to feel truly safe to settle down with one partner for good.

How to Attract a Taurus Woman

If you want to seduce a woman born with her Sun in Taurus, you will need to appeal to her sense of romance. Taurus women want to be courted and slowly seduced, even when they have already decided to enter a relationship with someone. They need things to move slowly and will rarely jump into a sexual bond quickly and without thinking long and hard about her choices. A Taurus woman longs for true love and security. It is very unlikely that she will give into her desires and instincts quickly, and if someone wishes to have her heart, they will have to spend a lot of time and energy into the game of winning her over, making her feel comfortable. Once she falls in love, she becomes affectionate, intimate, close and loyal, standing by her partner for as long as he is faithful to her. She has an eye for beautiful things and appreciates simplicity of fine things in life, so the way to approach her is through enjoyable shared moments, respect for privacy, fine food and a gentle touch. This is a woman who doesn’t like to feel rushed when dating and needs to have her time. Once she feels comfortable and secure with someone, she will happily and quickly give her heart without holding back.

Compatible Signs Taurus Should Consider: Cancer, Virgo, Capricorn, Pisces

Gemini-Breidablik May 21-June 20

Presiding God: Baldr

Element: Air

Quality: Mutable

Color: Light-Green, Yellow

Day: Wednesday

Ruler: Mercury

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Sagittarius, Aquarius

Lucky Numbers: 5, 7, 14, 23

Strengths: Gentle, affectionate, curious, adaptable, ability to learn quickly and exchange ideas

Weaknesses: Nervous, inconsistent, indecisive

Gemini likes: Music, books, magazines, chats with nearly anyone, short trips around the town

Gemini dislikes: Being alone, being confined, repetition and routine

Expressive and quick-witted, Gemini represents two different personalities in one and you will never be sure which one you will face. They are sociable, communicative and ready for fun, with a tendency to suddenly get serious, thoughtful and restless. They are fascinated with the world itself, extremely curious, with a constant feeling that there is not enough time to experience everything they want to see. The sign of Gemini belongs to the element of Air, accompanying Libra and Aquarius, and this connects it to all aspects of the mind. It is ruled by Mercury, the planet that represents communication, writing, and movement. People born under this Sun sign often have a feeling that their other half is missing, so they are forever seeking new friends, mentors, colleagues and people to talk to. Gemini's changeable and open mind makes them excellent artists, especially writers and journalists, and their skills and flexibility make them shine in trade, driving and team sports. This is a versatile, inquisitive, fun loving sign, born with a wish to experience everything there is out there, in the world. This makes their character inspiring, and never boring. Gemini - the Caring Twins There is so much childish innocence in the nature of Gemini, telling their tale of brotherhood, love between best friends and relatives who are entirely different by character, circumstances, physical appearance or upbringing. They are in this world to mend differences and make them feel right, ready to give their life for a brother or a friend. Gemini Love and Sex Fun and always ready for an intellectual challenge, Gemini sees love first through communication and verbal contact, and find it as important as physical contact with their partner. When these two combines, obstacles all seem to fade. Inquisitive and always ready to flirt, a Gemini could spend a lot of time with different lovers until they find the right one who is able to match their intellect and energy. They need excitement, variety and passion, and when they find the right person, a lover, a friend and someone to talk to combined into one, they will be faithful and determined to always treasure their heart.

Sex and Love

Fun and always ready for an intellectual challenge, Gemini sees love first through communication and verbal contact, and find it as important as physical contact with their partner. When these two combines, obstacles all seem to fade. Inquisitive and always ready to flirt, a Gemini could spend a lot of time with different lovers until they find the right one who is able to match their intellect and energy. They need excitement, variety and passion, and when they find the right person, a lover, a friend and someone to talk to combined into one, they will be faithful and determined to always treasure their heart. The biggest challenge for any Gemini's love life is to find an emotion that lasts, especially as they get older and realize that they are already in a repetitive mode of superficial or disappointing bonds. Their personality doesn't allow much depth, for they are on a mission to spread information, not to dig into them and find mistakes, holes, or resolutions. They look at life from a relative perspective of movement, being the one to circle the Sun, moving forwards and backwards from Earth's point of view, never certain of their own direction. Gemini might make sharp turns, leaving those who love them behind, but there are partners that could follow in their pace, ready to build a loving foundation through time.

Friends and Family

Friends - Those born with their Sun in Gemini are very social and love to spend time with friends and family, especially its younger members. A Gemini has an abundance of social contacts and loves to chat, search for understanding, always looking for strong willed people to communicate with. Without a clear flow of words spoken, they will quickly lose interest in the entire theme of any conversation, and need to stay on the move, feeling inspired and pushed forwards by the information shared.

Family - Family is very important to a Gemini, especially their children once they build a strong emotional bond with them. Lack of stability they show to their partners with their expectations extremely high, don't reflect on family as much, and they seem to have a more modest and calm approach to those he shared a home with. Although responsibilities carried by their family life can stand to be a challenge for their nature, they will find a magical way to be in two places at once, getting everything done just as they are supposed to.

Career and Money

In constant need of intellectual stimulation, the most suitable job for a Gemini has to be challenging to their brain. They are skillful, inventive and often very smart, with a need for a dynamic working environment and a lot of social contacts met in the office. The best careers they can choose are those of traders, inventors, writers, orators, preachers and lawyers, but any career that gives them the opportunity to communicate freely while keeping them on the move and busy at all times, is an excellent choice. As if they were created for multitasking, problem solving and bringing new ideas to life, they need a workplace that won't keep them stuck in a routinely, repetitive tasks that don't allow them to shine. Deciding between practicality and pleasure can be a difficult choice for Gemini. Even though they believe that money is just a necessary evil, most of them will not spend much time thinking where to earn it or how they spent it. They need strong grounding to keep their finances in check and organized, giving them a sense of confidence and security, they often don't even know they need.

How to Attract a Gemini Man

A Gemini man is enthusiastic and full of life, never disappointing with dull moments. He is adventurous and humorous, and this makes him the perfect partner if a person is energetic and dynamic, in search for some laughter and fun. Gemini men are naturally chatty and flirtatious, and you can meet them at public gatherings, conferences, and traffic jams. Their personality is marked by dualism, making them inconsistent but clever, and amazingly attractive to others. This man is impossible to cling to and need a partner who gives him enough freedom and space, followed by mental stimulation and variety. To win his heart, one has to be fun, stimulating, adventurous, laughing at his jokes and ready to learn from him day after day. As if opposed to his eloquent nature, this isn't a man ready to discuss emotions that much and will prefer if they are shown rather than spoken of. Sex with a Gemini man can be a wonderful experience, but if his partner is unwilling to experiment, he will get bored. As in all things in life, he needs new experiences, verbal contact, and freedom of expression when it comes to sexual relationships.

How to Attract a Gemini Woman

If you want to attract a Gemini woman, you will have to be able to keep up with her dual nature. She can be passionate and gentle one moment, and aloof and distant the next. This is a result of her natural born tendency to stay safe and on a distance from other people, prepared to run off into a carefree love story that waits for her just around the corner. This is an enthusiastic, witty, intellectual and soft-spoken woman, while at the same time extremely open-minded and always ready to meet someone new. Although a Gemini woman is usually not very shy, getting in a serious and committed relationship will take time and a lot of patience. However, once she finds a man who can satisfy her sexual and intellectual desires, this woman will be the one to suggest starting a family, marriage, and growing old together, although this might happen in an unusual way. She is impressed by partners who teach her new things and have insights that she sees and ingenious. Her sex life is a story to be told, but only to those who are ready to listen, usually the one specific person she finally managed to build true intimacy with.

Compatible Signs Gemini Should Consider: Aries, Leo, Libra, Aquarius, Sagittarius

Cancer-Himinbjorg June 21-July 22

Presiding god; Heimdall

Element: Water

Quality: Cardinal

Color: White

Day: Monday, Thursday

Ruler: Moon

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Capricorn, Taurus

Lucky Numbers: 2, 3, 15, 20

Strengths: Tenacious, highly imaginative, loyal, emotional, sympathetic, persuasive

Weaknesses: Moody, pessimistic, suspicious, manipulative, insecure

Cancer likes: Art, home-based hobbies, relaxing near or in water, helping loved ones, a good meal with friends

Cancer dislikes: Strangers, any criticism of Mom, revealing of personal life

Deeply intuitive and sentimental, Cancer can be one of the most challenging zodiac signs to get to know. They are very emotional and sensitive, and care deeply about matters of the family and their home. Cancer is sympathetic and attached to people they keep close. Those born with their Sun in Cancer are very loyal and able to empathize with other people's pain and suffering. The sign of Cancer belongs to the element of Water, just like Scorpio and Pisces. Guided by emotion and their heart, they could have a hard time blending into the world around them. Being ruled by the Moon, phases of the lunar cycle deepen their internal mysteries and create fleeting emotional patterns that are beyond their control. As children, they don't have enough coping and defensive mechanisms for the outer world, and have to be approached with care and understanding, for that is what they give in return. Lack of patience or even love will manifest through mood swings later in life, and even selfishness, self-pity or manipulation. They are quick to help others, just as they are quick to avoid conflict, and rarely benefit from close combat of any kind, always choosing to hit someone stronger, bigger, or more powerful than they imagined. When at peace with their life choices, Cancer representatives will be happy and content to be surrounded by a loving family and harmony in their home. Cancer - the Brave Crab Sent to this Earth by something they believe in, only to mess with someone bigger than they are, this isn't an animal aware of their strength. Patriotism can make them endanger their own wellbeing, fighting for someone else's cause, as if others can become their higher power. The Crab knows where they're going, but this is often in a wrong direction, at least until they learn their lessons and start relying solely on themselves.

Sex and Love

Cancer is a very emotional sign, and feelings are the most important thing in their relationships. Gentle and caring, they will show their sensibility to the world without even thinking they might get hurt. For partners, they always choose a person who is able to understand them through non-verbal, silent contact, and a shared daily routine, and their affection won't last long with superficial, flaky or unreliable partners. The lack of initiative these individuals suffer from won't make it easy for them to build a sex life they wish for, if they don't find a partner who is able to make them feel calm, protected, and free to express. This is a dedicated sign, ready to make many unhealthy compromises only to keep their image of a family going and could choose partners who are in a way selfish of abusive. Shared responsibility and a life together with their partner make them feel secure and ready for the next step in life, no matter if it is a child, a new job, or simply a cleanup in the field of friendships and relationships that became obsolete or hurtful. In love with children, parenthood, marriage and traditional values, they can still be misguided by people they admire and trust into changing their honest approach to a modern one that doesn't fit their true personality. Compassion and understanding that a Cancer chose to send your way shouldn't ever be taken for granted, or they will show you just how bad of a match you two are in the long run.

Friends and Family

Friends - When it comes to friendships, Cancer representatives will gladly connect with new social contacts, but are extremely sensitive of people not approved by their closest surrounding. Filled with respect for people they communicate to easily, they see all contacts through their emotional prism rather than simple curiosity or status. Most of all they enjoy socializing at home, where intimate atmosphere can be made, and deep understanding shared in circumstances under their control. Intuitive and compassionate, they are sometimes impossible to understand from an extremely rational point of view.

Family - Cancer is the sign of family and these individuals care about family bonds and their home more than any other sign of the zodiac. Deeply sentimental, they tend to diligently preserve family memories, keeping them intact for years. When their personal lives are fulfilled, they make wonderful, caring parents that seem to know how they children feel even when they are miles apart.

Career and Money

When a job needs to get done, a Cancer will roll their sleeves up and finish it successfully. If they are left alone to work, they usually perform better than when surrounded by other people, loyal to their employer and focused on the task. They will have great careers as nurses, housekeepers, gardeners, politicians and decorators. For Cancer representatives, security and money are of great importance and stand for the real reason they work as much as they do. They easily earn money and aren't used to spending it all in one day. It is their goal to save, invest, and watch their investments grow daily. Resourceful and good at managing time and finances, this is a sign that is often in charge of all money in the household, keeping their partner or other family members under control.

How to Attract a Cancer Man

A Cancer man is conservative just enough to know that initiative is important, but often fails to show it before he feels safe to do so. His partners need to make the first move, but still doing it subtly to let him still feel like he is leading the way. This is a complex individual, very sensitive, shy and overly protective of his loved ones. When he prefers women, he will subconsciously search for the ideal wife and mother. A Cancer man is an emotional person, who loves to take care of other people. He wants to feel needed, and protective, receiving a lot of attention from his partner through kind words and subtle concerns and compliments to make his day. Although he can be moody, pessimistic and clingy, he is a creative and generous partner in search for someone to share a life with.

How to Attract a Cancer Woman

Cancer personality can be quite complicated, but deep inside they are home-loving and conservative people. A Cancer woman is vulnerable, emotional, and not likely to quickly fall in love. Once her trust is earned, she will be passionate and loyal. In order to seduce her, one has to be proactive and make the first move, respecting her need to be treated like a lady. She is not the right choice for someone in search for a one-night stand and needs more from her partner than just casual encounters. Romantic and ready to love, this woman needs a romantic partner who believes in love, while also in tune with her unspoken feelings. Despite her cautious nature, a Cancer woman is deeply erotic and when feeling secure to show her true personality and emotions, they will be expressed through an incredible sex life. To have lasting relationship with a Cancer woman, she needs someone faithful, respectful and honest, for doesn't forget betrayal and becomes very rigid and unpredictable when hurt.

Compatible Signs Cancer Should Consider: Taurus, Virgo, Scorpio, Pisces, Capricorn

Leo-Folkvangr July 23-August 22

Presiding God: Freya

Element: Fire

Quality: Fixed

Color: Gold, Yellow, Orange

Day: Sunday

Ruler: Sun

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Aquarius, Gemini

Lucky Numbers: 1, 3, 10, 19

Strengths: Creative, passionate, generous, warm-hearted, cheerful, humorous

Weaknesses: Arrogant, stubborn, self-centered, lazy, inflexible

Leo likes: Theater, taking holidays, being admired, expensive things, bright colors, fun with friends

Leo dislikes: Being ignored, facing difficult reality, not being treated like a king or queen

People born under the sign of Leo are natural born leaders. They are dramatic, creative, self-confident, dominant and extremely difficult to resist, able to achieve anything they want to in any area of life they commit to. There is a specific strength to a Leo and their "king of the jungle" status. Leo often has many friends for they are generous and loyal. Self-confident and attractive, this is a Sun sign capable of uniting different groups of people and leading them as one towards a shared cause, and their healthy sense of humor makes collaboration with other people even easier. Leo belongs to the element of Fire, just like Aries and Sagittarius. This makes them warmhearted, in love with life, trying to laugh and have a good time. Able to use their mind to solve even the most difficult problems, they will easily take initiative in resolving various complicated situations. Ruled by the Sun, Leo worships this fiery entity in the sky, quite literally as well as metaphorically. They are in search for self-awareness and in constant growth of ego. Aware of their desires and personality, they can easily ask for everything they need, but could just as easily unconsciously neglect the needs of other people in their chase for personal gain or status. When a Leo representative becomes too fond and attached to their achievements and the way other people see them, they become an easy target, ready to be taken down. Leo - the Lion in the Cave The story of the Lion always speaks of bravery. This is an animal fearless and impossible to challenge, hurt or destroy, their only weaknesses being fear and aggression towards those they confront. Living in a cave, a Lion always needs to have one, nesting and finding comfort in hard times. However, they should never stay there for long. With their head high, they have to face others with dignity and respect, never raising a voice, a hand, or a weapon, bravely walking through the forest they rule.

Sex and Love

This Fire sign is passionate and sincere, and its representatives show their feelings with ease and clarity. When in love, they are fun, loyal, respectful and very generous towards their loved one. They will take the role of a leader in any relationship, and strongly rely on their need for independency and initiative. This can be tiring for their partner at times, especially if they start imposing their will and organizing things that aren't theirs to organize in the first place. Each Leo needs a partner who is self-aware, reasonable and on the same intellectual level as them. Their partner also has to feel free to express and fight for themselves, or too much light from their Leo's Sun might burn their own personality down. Sex life of each Leo is an adventure, fun and very energetic. This is someone who has a clear understanding of boundaries between sex and love but might fail to see how important intimacy and emotional connection is to the quality of their sex life. Every Leo needs a partner to fight through their awareness and reach their sensitive, subconscious core, in order to find true satisfaction in a meaningful relationship.

Friends and Family

Friends - Leo is generous, faithful and a truly loyal friend, born with a certain dignity and commitment to individual values. Born with a need to help others, they will do so even if it takes a lot time and energy. Strong and reliable, this individual has the ability to appeal to almost everyone and has the energy to host celebrations and different events with people that bring out the best in them. They are rarely alone, for interactions with others give them the sense of self-esteem and awareness they need but could have trouble finding friends able to keep pace and follow the high energy they carry everywhere they go. Family - Family matters won't be the first thing Leo will think about when they wake up in the morning or lie to bed at night. Turned to themselves for the most part, they tend to become independent as soon as possible. Still, a Leo will do anything to protect their loved ones, proud of their ancestry and roots in good and bad times.

Career and Money

Leos are highly energetic and tend to always be busy, no matter the need for their employment. They are ambitious, creative and optimistic and once they dedicate to their work, they will do everything just right. The best possible situation they can find themselves in is to be their own bosses or manage others with as little control from their superiors as possible. Jobs that allow open expression of artistic talent, such as acting and entertainment, are ideal for a Leo. Management, education and politics are also a good fit, as well as anything that puts them in a leadership position which naturally suits them. Leos love to be surrounded by modern and trendy things, and although money comes easy to them, they spend it less responsibly than some other signs of the zodiac. Extremely generous, they could provide many friends with financial help, supporting them through bad times. Although this doesn't always prove to be wise, it always makes them feel good.

How to Attract a Leo Man

A Leo man wants to be treated like a king in their intimate relationship and this is not their narcissistic characteristic, but a true inner need that all people with deep self-respect have to feel. Plans with him are always big and dramatic, and showering with admiration, devotion and attention come really naturally both ways. This is a man who gives many gifts when they are in love, often expensive and posing as a statement of his effort. Any partner that wants to stay with him has to prove that they are worthy of royal treatment and ready to give enough of it back. A Leo man will love compliments, and although he appears confident, he needs a lot of praise to start feeling safe around their loved one too. However romantic and passionate, this man will rarely choose a woman that doesn't "go well" with his appearance or doesn't make him look good in the eyes of specific groups in the outer world. He is known to easily take the roll of an eternal bachelor, always on the hunt and celebrating love and life. He will put himself in the center of attention, and his partner could compete with a number of admirers, but their relationship is not in danger for as long as he is adored the way he loves to be. When treated right, he will stick around forever.

How to Attract a Leo Woman

Leo women are very warm-hearted and driven by the desire to be loved and admired, and as all people born under the Leo zodiac sign, love to be in the limelight. To seduce her, one has to treat her well, respect her, compliment her and see her fit to live a luxurious lifestyle she deserves. She appreciates romantic partners and will expect to be the center of someone's world, giving the person she loves the same royal treatment. Dating a Leo woman requires acceptance of her flaws and admiration for her qualities. She doesn't like competing for love and wants to have clarity on her role in her partner's life. A woman born under the Sun sign of Leo will always enjoy a visit to a theater, an art museum or a fancy restaurant. She wants to be showered with flowers and gifts, but as grandiose displays of affection rather than an expensive routine of her partner. She can be a bit domineering and needs to stay in control of her own life. If her partner holds her as valued and queen-like as she is, there is infinite warmth, care, and attention in her heart to respond.

Compatible Signs Leo Should Consider: Aries, Gemini, Libra, Sagittarius

Virgo-Glitnir August 23 – September 22

Presiding God: Forsetti

Element: Earth

Quality: Mutable

Color: Grey, Beige, Pale-Yellow

Day: Wednesday

Ruler: Mercury

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Pisces, Cancer

Lucky Numbers: 5, 14, 15, 23, 32

Strengths: Loyal, analytical, kind, hardworking, practical

Weaknesses: Shyness, worry, overly critical of self and others, all work and no play

Virgo likes: Animals, healthy food, books, nature, cleanliness

Virgo dislikes: Rudeness, asking for help, taking center stage

Virgos are always paying attention to the smallest details and their deep sense of humanity makes them one of the most careful signs of the zodiac. Their methodical approach to life ensures that nothing is left to chance, and although they are often tender, their heart might be closed for the outer world. This is a sign often misunderstood, not because they lack the ability to express, but because they won’t accept their feelings as valid, true, or even relevant when opposed to reason. The symbolism behind the name speaks well of their nature, born with a feeling they are experiencing everything for the first time. Virgo is an Earth sign, fitting perfectly between Taurus and Capricorn. This will lead to a strong character, but one that prefers conservative, well-organized things and a lot of practicality in their everyday life. These individuals have an organized life, and even when they let go to chaos, their goals and dreams still have strictly defined borders in their mind. Constantly worried that they missed a detail that will be impossible to fix, they can get stuck in details, becoming overly critical and concerned about matters that nobody else seems to care much about. Since Mercury is the ruling planet of this sign, its representatives have a well-developed sense of speech and writing, as well as all other forms of communication. Many Virgos may choose to pursue a career as writers, journalists, and typists, but their need to serve others makes them feel good as caregivers, on a clear mission to help. Virgo – the Disappointed Goddess Seeking goodness in humankind is the story of Virgo, and disappointment seems to be inevitable from their point of view. The first time they came from their cloud and jumped onto planet Earth, it felt like their mission is to use their existence for good, discovering ways of justice and purity in other people. Once they fail to find it too many times, Virgos will pull away, get lost, turn to substance abuse, or simply separate from other people to sit on the bench, criticize and judge.

Sex and Love

The sign of Virgo leads Venus to its tragic fall and speaks of one’s inability to feel worthy, beautiful, or lovable. Compatibility of Virgo with other zodiac signs is mostly based on the ability of their partner to give them all the love they need to start feeling safe and open up enough to show their soft, vulnerable heart. They will rarely have direct statements of love, but intimacy brings out all of the beauty of their emotional self-expression. A Virgo will prefer a stable relationship than having fun, casual lovers, except if they become one, using their charm and superficial communication to win hearts without ever investing their own. Methodical and intellectually dominant, each Virgo seems to have an equation in their mind that their partner has to follow. They will rarely have many sexual experiences with different people, for they need to feel important to someone and find real physical pleasure in order to give their whole self to someone. The sign of Virgo is easily attached to the symbolism of a virgin, but the truth is their quality is mutable, and their need for change often overcomes their self-imposed restrictions and moral boundaries when it comes to sex. Trust needs to be built with Virgo, slowly, steadily and patiently, and each partner they have in life has a chance to be nurtured and cared for, but only if they give enough to deserve special treatment of Virgo.

Friends and Family

Friends – Virgos are excellent advisors, always knowing how to solve a problem. This can make them helpful and extremely useful to have around, but also brings out their need to search the problem in everything and everyone around them. They will care for people they build a solid relationship with, treasuring them for years and nurturing them in every possible way. An intimate friendship with a Virgo is always earned by good deeds.

Family – People born with their Sun in Virgo are very dedicated to their family and attentive to elderly and sick people. They understand tradition and the importance of responsibility, proud of their upbringing and everything that made their mind be as dominant as it is.

Career and Money

Virgos are practical, analytical and hard-working, always knowing exactly where to look for the core of any problem. Their methodology makes them shine at jobs that require good organization, dealing with paperwork, problem solving and working with their minds and their hands. When they focus, perfection is to be expected from their work, for no other sign has such an eye for details as Virgo. In love with books and artistic expression, they make good critics, while their need to help humankind serves them best if they decide to become doctors, nurses or psychologists. Virgo stands for all practical and used things, and it is in the nature of these individuals to save money and always put something on the side. They will see irrational spending as a bad habit or a matter of being spoiled, and always hold on to practical solutions that don’t cost much. Unfortunately, this approach can sometimes make them a bit cheap and too concerned about everything they might lack tomorrow. They need to learn to indulge in some hedonism too.

How to Attract a Virgo Man

To seduce a Virgo man, one must respect his need for cleanliness and order. In most cases he enters romance slowly, carefully, and likes to take his time getting to know a person before starting anything serious. When he receives information on what to expect, his partner has to be sure to deliver nothing less. A Virgo man might put up a cool front, but don't let him fool you. He has deep and sensual needs, and only if his partner is patient enough, able to withstand his tendency to overanalyze everything, he will eventually warm up. It takes obvious and hard work to sweep a Virgo man off his feet. He needs a partner to inspire, remind him of his own talents, and will often find such a person in platonic and completely irrational spheres. In search for someone honest, patient and tidy, he is always ready to settle down with the right person for a very long time.

How to Attract a Virgo Woman

A Virgo personality is a mix of intelligence, attention to detail, common sense, and commitment, and a woman born with her in this sign is very smart, modest, and capable. Trying to seduce this woman can seem intimidating at first, for she is likely to put on a facade of indifference. However, she is not cold but practical, realistic and cautious when it comes to starting new relationships. She will never simply give herself to someone without assessing their character and emotions shared with her from the beginning. She doesn’t, under no circumstances, fall under a category of spoiled, materialistic women. As all Earth signs she will enjoy the material world and see any gift she gets as a blessing, but still truly enjoy things only when they are extremely practical and easy to use, digest, or when in need of fixing. Attracted to intelligent but distant personalities, a Virgo woman has a strong capacity to love, but chooses to wait for sharing emotions until she is ready. Private and defensive, this is someone who needs her defense mechanisms respected but still broken by the right partner.

Compatible Signs Virgo Should Consider: Taurus, Cancer, Scorpio, Capricorn, Pisces

Libra-Noatun September 23 - October 22

Presiding God: Njord

Element: Air

Quality: Cardinal

Color: Pink, Green

Day: Friday

Ruler: Venus

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Aries, Sagittarius

Lucky Numbers: 4, 6, 13, 15, 24

Strengths: Cooperative, diplomatic, gracious, fair-minded, social

Weaknesses: Indecisive, avoids confrontations, will carry a grudge, self-pity

Libra likes: Harmony, gentleness, sharing with others, the outdoors

Libra dislikes: Violence, injustice, loudmouths, conformity

People born under the sign of Libra are peaceful, fair, and they hate being alone. Partnership is very important for them, as their mirror and someone giving them the ability to be the mirror themselves. These individuals are fascinated by balance and symmetry, they are in a constant chase for justice and equality, realizing through life that the only thing that should be truly important to themselves in their own inner core of personality. This is someone ready to do nearly anything to avoid conflict, keeping the peace whenever possible the sign of Libra is an Air sign, set between Gemini and Aquarius, giving these individuals constant mental stimuli, strong intellect and a keen mind. They will be inspired by good books, insurmountable discussions and people who have a lot to say. Each Libra representative has to be careful when talking to other people, for when they are forced to decide about something that is coming their way, or to choose sides, they suddenly realize that they might be in the wrong place and surrounded by wrong people. No partner should make them forget that they have their own opinion. Planet ruling the sign of Libra is Venus, making these people great lovers but also fond of expensive, material things. Their lives need to be enriched by music, art, and beautiful places they get a chance to visit. Libra – The Measure of Our Souls The shortest myth of them all seems to present a good analogy to the shortest constellation in the sky, you might even say that it is non-existent, presented by the pliers of Scorpio. Libra is one dot of balance in the sea of different extremes, manifested only through the fifteenth degree of this magnificent sign, an object among animals and people. There is something awfully insecure about Libra, as if they were unsure which plate to burden next, aware that things pass and teach us to be careful around other people. Whatever we do in our lifetimes, only serves to point the way for our Souls towards that “higher power” to finally measure our existence. Telling us where we went wrong or what we did right, Libras unconsciously teach us that true liberation hides in lightness.

Sex and Love

Finding a compatible partner will be the main priority in the life of people born with their Sun in Libra. Once they start a romantic relationship, maintaining peace and harmony become the most important thing and their primary goal. Their charming personality and their dedication to each relationship makes their compatibility with others satisfying, but that fallen Sun they have to heal often creates trouble in their emotional world. Libra is the sign of marriage, making its representatives open for traditional pathways of love. Even though the element of Air gives them a lot of flexibility, they will still feel the strong pull towards tradition and their desires will eventually turn to love put on paper, well-organized and serving a purpose to create a certain image for the outer world. In a way, each Libra is in search of a partner who has the ability to set clear boundaries, as if expecting to be protected by them but without their pride being endangered in the process. This is a sign deeply connected to sexuality for Scorpio rises where it ends. They search for deep, meaningful relationship and although they don’t have trouble relating with people, they aren’t really close to, the only true satisfaction in their love life comes from complete surrender of body and soul. It is the gravity of Libra to share their entire life with someone, with a challenge to be independent and aware of their core personality at the same time.

Friends and Family

Friends – Libra representatives are highly social and put their friends in the limelight, but sometimes raise their expectation bars too high, and choose friendships that make them feel superior to the person standing in front of them. Their nature makes them indecisive which is why they might show a lack of. Still, this won’t make them any less invested in their relationships when someone else takes the baton and shows interest in them. Tactful and calm, they can communicate through any problem if they want to and will often help others understand the other side of their personal conflicts and trouble with other people.

Family – Born into a family that gave them a certain weakness of the Sun, Libra can often transfer guilt between family members without even being aware of doing so. In constant search for harmony these individuals have a tendency to agree with their parents and siblings only to avoid conflict, being the one to pull back when a challenge comes their way. They need to nurture their personality and often turn to solitude only to discover their own point of view among many. If they are well built and worked on their inner sense of power, they discover ease in being a good parent and role model, ready to share everything they know with their children.

Career and Money

For each Libra, the key to a happy life is in a fine balance, meaning they will not commit to work without setting apart enough time for their private life and their loved ones, and if they do, they will feel like they need to set free from it. They can be loved leaders even though they sometimes lack the initiative needed to organize people who work for them and will work hard to deserve privileges that come their way. In search for truth and justice, they are good lawyers and judges, and can also be successful as diplomats, designers and composers if they have nurtured their artistic side from childhood. They will work well in a group and can be convincing and gifted speakers. Financial aspect of their lives is often under control, which probably wouldn’t be the case if they had an easier time deciding what they want to buy. As soon as they start questioning their financial choices, chances are they won’t even spend any money at all, simply because it was hard to make a decision of any kind. They balance between saving and spending pretty well and even though they enjoy fashion and fine clothes, they rarely let their desires for spending get the best of them.

How to Attract a Libra Man

Libra men appreciate all that is beautiful and search for a partner to inspire them with their appearance. This might sound superficial, but the fact is they need mental and visual stimuli to make decision processes easier and push them into a serious relationship to begin with. Once they have decided to be with someone, they usually make serious, long-term bonds, enduring with ease through the hard times knowing they have already made the perfect choice to begin with. A Libra man wants to discuss everything with his partner, from daily matters to big shared endeavors in life. This is a man in search for a partner with strength of will and confidence, someone to guide the way when he feels lost or insecure. Once he finds the right person, he will do anything to make them happy, turning their attention solely to their partner and often forgetting himself in the process. This man is deeply romantic in his core and in search for true love to last him a lifetime.

How to Attract a Libra Woman

To seduce a Libra woman, one has to be a good conversationalist and listener. She enjoys being taught about new things and enjoys talking about herself and her personal interests, just as much as she likes sinking deep into her partner’s life. She is charming, intelligent, and finds solutions to problems that arise along the way with certain ease. Her partner needs to keep her interested and on her toes at first, making her question her own initiative and choices, while also straightforward and surprising enough. Being ruled by Venus a Libra woman has a natural tendency to have certain mood swings, but this won’t make her any less just in her ways. Once she falls in love and shares a home with a partner, she will take care of them, make them look good, and keep their social life organized and well-adjusted to social norms they live in.

Compatible Signs Libra Should Consider: Gemini, Leo, Sagittarius, Aquarius

Scorpio-Landvidi October 23 - November 21

Presiding God: Vidar

Element: Water

Quality: Fixed

Color: Scarlet, Red, Rust

Day: Tuesday

Ruler: Pluto, Mars

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Taurus, Cancer

Lucky Numbers: 8, 11, 18, 22

Strengths: Resourceful, brave, passionate, stubborn, a true friend

Weaknesses: Distrusting, jealous, secretive, violent

Scorpio likes: Truth, facts, being right, longtime friends, teasing, a grand passion

Scorpio dislikes: Dishonesty, revealing secrets, passive people

Scorpio-born are passionate and assertive people. They are determined and decisive and will research until they find out the truth. Scorpio is a great leader, always aware of the situation and also features prominently in resourcefulness. Scorpio is a Water sign and lives to experience and express emotions. Although emotions are very important for Scorpio, they manifest them differently than other water signs. In any case, you can be sure that the Scorpio will keep your secrets, whatever they may be. Pluto is the planet of transformation and regeneration, and also the ruler of this zodiac sign. Scorpios are known by their calm and cool behavior, and by their mysterious appearance. People often say that Scorpio-born are fierce, probably because they understand very well the rules of the universe. Some Scorpio-born can look older than they actually are. They are excellent leaders because they are very dedicated to what they do. Scorpios hate dishonesty and they can be very jealous and suspicious, so they need to learn how to adapt more easily to different human behaviors. Scorpios are brave and therefore they have a lot of friends.

Sex and Love

Scorpio is the most sensual sign of the zodiac. Scorpios are extremely passionate, and intimacy is very important to them. They want intelligent and honest partners. Once Scorpios fall in love, they are very dedicated and faithful. However, they enter into a relationship very carefully, because sometimes they need a lot of time to build trust and respect for partners.

Friends and Family

Honesty and fairness are the two qualities that make Scorpio a great friend. People born under the Scorpio sign are very dedicated and loyal, when it comes to working. They are quick-witted and intelligent, so they would feel better to be in the company of witty and fun-loving people. They are full of surprises and will give you everything you need, but if you let them down once - there's no return. Scorpios are very emotional, when they are in pain, it is simply impossible to make them feel better. They are very dedicated, and they take good care of their family.

Career and Money

Scorpios are fantastic in management, solving and creating. When a Scorpio sets a goal, there is no giving up. Scorpios are great in solving tasks that require a scientific and thorough approach. Their ability to focus with determination makes them very capable managers. They never mix business with friendship. Jobs such as a scientist, physician, researcher, sailor, detective, cop, business manager and psychologist are appropriate for this powerful zodiac sign. Scorpio respects other people, so expects to be respected in return. Scorpios are disciplined enough to stick to the budget, but they are also not afraid of hard work to bring themselves in a better financial position. However, they are not inclined to spend much. Money means security and a sense of control for them, which means that they are good at saving money and make decisions carefully before investing in something.

How to Attract a Scorpio Man

Learning how to attract the Scorpio man isn't easy. Scorpio men are tedious, confident, intense, sexual and very competitive. Some of the negative Scorpio traits is the fact that they are highly obsessive, compulsive and jealous people. In order to seduce the Scorpio man, you will have to make sure to keep an air of mystery around you. Games are something that appeal to men born under the Scorpio astrology sign, which means that you will have to work to keep them interested. With a Scorpio man, it's all about the challenge and about capturing something, so don't make it easy and play hard to get. Being honest and affectionate with this sign is also very important. They are attracted to confident and flirtatious women. However, there must be more than physical attraction to get him to the point where he will allow you to seduce him. He also needs an emotional attraction, because one of the most important Scorpio characteristics is the fact that he is the most intensely feeling sign of the zodiac. He longs for a sexual experience that goes beyond physical limitations, so if you want to seduce him, just bare your soul. Never try to control the Scorpio man, because he needs to be in control at all times.

How to Attract a Scorpio Woman

The Scorpio personality is both complex and fascinating. Scorpio women are secretive, sexy, magnetic, but they also appear aloof and calm. The Scorpio woman has a great capacity for kindness and a desire to do good in the world. If you want to seduce her, you have to be patient and willing to let her take the reins of the relationship. Be a good listener and pay full attention when she is speaking. Dating with a Scorpio woman can be really entertaining, but do not let her wild side fool you into thinking that she will be an easy conquest. Don't expect a sexual encounter with the Scorpio woman on the first date. Earning her love requires a lot of time and patience, but once she falls in love, she will give everything to the relationship. The woman born under the Scorpio zodiac sign can be very possessive but also completely devoted partners. Be honest and avoid getting into arguments with her, because she is not the type to forgive and forget easily. The woman born under the Scorpio star sign is curious, so in order to keep her happy, you will need to find new ways to satisfy her curiosity. If you can allow her to retain her pride, she will respect you for it and will fall in love with you quickly.

Compatible Signs Scorpio Should Consider: Cancer, Virgo, Capricorn, Pisces

Sagittarius-Ydnlir November 22 - December 21

Presiding God: Ullr

Element: Fire

Quality: Mutable

Color: Blue

Day: Thursday

Ruler: Jupiter

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Gemini, Aries

Lucky Numbers: 3, 7, 9, 12, 21

Strengths: Generous, idealistic, great sense of humor

Weaknesses: Promises more than can deliver, very impatient, will say anything no matter how undiplomatic

Sagittarius likes: Freedom, travel, philosophy, being outdoors

Sagittarius dislikes: Clingy people, being constrained, off-the-wall theories, details

Curious and energetic, Sagittarius is one of the biggest travelers among all zodiac signs. Their open mind and philosophical view motivate them to wander around the world in search of the meaning of life. Sagittarius is extrovert, optimistic and enthusiastic, and likes changes. Sagittarius-born are able to transform their thoughts into concrete actions and they will do anything to achieve their goals. Like the other fire signs, Sagittarius needs to be constantly in touch with the world to experience as much as possible. The ruling planet of Sagittarius is Jupiter, the largest planet of the zodiac. Their enthusiasm has no bounds, and therefore people born under the Sagittarius sign possess a great sense of humor and an intense curiosity. Freedom is their greatest treasure, because only then they can freely travel and explore different cultures and philosophies. Because of their honesty, Sagittarius-born are often impatient and tactless when they need to say or do something, so it's important to learn to express themselves in a tolerant and socially acceptable way.

Sex and Love

People born under the sign of Sagittarius are very playful and humorous, which means that they will enjoy having fun with their partners. Partners who are equally open, will certainly suit the passionate, expressive Sagittarius who is willing to try almost anything. For this sign there is always a thin line between love and sex. Their love for change and diversity can bring a lot of different faces in their bedroom. But when they are truly in love, their very loyal, faithful and dedicated. They want their partners to be intellectual, sensitive and expressive.

Friends and Family

Sagittarius is very fun and always surrounded by friends. Sagittarius-born love to laugh and enjoy the diversity of life and culture, so they will easily acquire many friends around the world. They are generous and not one of those who lecture. When it comes to family, Sagittarius is dedicated and willing to do almost anything.

Career and Money

When Sagittarius-born visualize something in their minds, they will do everything they can to achieve this. They always know what to say in a given situation and they are great salespeople. Sagittarius favors different tasks and dynamic atmosphere. Jobs such as a travel agent, photographer, researcher, artist, ambassador, importer and exporter suit this free-spirited person. The fun-loving Sagittarius enjoys making and spending money. Considered to be the happiest sign of the zodiac, Sagittarius does not care much where it will earn the following money. They take risks and are very optimistic. They believe that the universe will provide everything they need.

How to Attract a Sagittarius Man

Sagittarius men are fun-loving people and eternal travelers, who are interested in religion, philosophy and the meaning of everything. The man born under the Sagittarius astrology sign loves adventures and sees all the possibilities in life. He wants to explore each and every one of them to determine where is the truth. Some of the best Sagittarius traits are his frankness, courage, and optimism. He is a restless wanderer, so the best you can do to keep his attention is to share in his quest, appreciate his wisdom and respect his opinions. Some of the negative Sagittarius characteristics include his carelessness and impatience. The Sagittarius man can also be tactless, superficial, and over-confident at times. He needs freedom and doesn't like clingy women. If you want to seduce him, you will have to learn when to hold on and when to let go. The Sagittarius man is a logical thinker and an enthusiastic listener, who will listen carefully to everything you have to say, before processing the information and coming to his own conclusions.

How to Attract a Sagittarius Woman

Sagittarius women are wild, independent, fun, friendly and outgoing. They enjoy expressing themselves in a sexual manner and they are determined to live life to the fullest. A Sagittarius personality is vibrant, inquisitive, and exciting. The woman born under the Sagittarius zodiac sign is an honest woman, who always speaks her mind and values freedom and independence. If you want to seduce the Sagittarius woman, you should ask her out on a date outdoors. She loves adventures and long conversations. Dating a woman born under the Sagittarius star sign requires an adventurous spirit, because she sees everything as a challenge and can't stand boredom. However, although she is wild, do not expect her to fall in love with you immediately. Once the Sagittarius woman does fall in love, she will be a loyal and caring partner. If you give her a reason to think a relationship with you is going to be difficult, she will simply walk out the door. The Sagittarius woman usually has multiple love affairs throughout her life, due to the fact that she will not settle for a relationship that makes her unhappy. In order to date the Sagittarius woman, you will need to possess a free spirit and love of travel. She sees life as one big adventure and expects her partner to be adventurous, spontaneous and romantic.

Compatible Signs Sagittarius Should Consider: Aries, Leo, Libra, Aquarius

Capricorn-Alfheimr December 22 - January 19

Presiding God: Freyr

Element: Earth

Quality: Cardinal

Color: Brown, Black

Day: Saturday

Ruler: Saturn

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Taurus, Cancer

Lucky Numbers: 4, 8, 13, 22

Strengths: Responsible, disciplined, self-control, good managers

Weaknesses: Know-it-all, unforgiving, condescending, expecting the worst

Capricorn likes: Family, tradition, music, understated status, quality craftsmanship

Capricorn dislikes: Almost everything at some point

Capricorn is a sign that represents time and responsibility, and its representatives are traditional and often very serious by nature. These individuals possess an inner state of independence that enables significant progress both in their personal and professional lives. They are masters of self-control and have the ability to lead the way, make solid and realistic plans, and manage many people who work for them at any time. They will learn from their mistakes and get to the top based solely on their experience and expertise. Belonging to the element of Earth, like Taurus and Virgo, this is the last sign in the trio of practicality and grounding. Not only do they focus on the material world, but they have the ability to use the most out of it. Unfortunately, this element also makes them stiff and sometimes too stubborn to move from one perspective or point in a relationship. They have a hard time accepting differences of other people that are too far from their character, and out of fear might try to impose their traditional values aggressively. Saturn is the ruling planet of Capricorn, and this planet represents restrictions of all kinds. Its influence makes these people practical and responsible, but also cold, distant and unforgiving, prone to the feeling of guilt and turned to the past. They need to learn to forgive in order to make their own life lighter and more positive. Capricorn – the Goat of Fear A goat with the tail of a fish is created to face fear and create panic. It is the sign of decisions made to be protected from monsters in our minds, lives, and immediate physical surrounding. Always ready to transform into something that scares those scary things off, Capricorn speaks of each natural chain reaction of fear, where one scary thing leads to many others, rising up as defensive mechanisms that only make things worse. Immersed in their secrecy, they face the world just as they are – brave enough to never run away, but constantly afraid of their inner monsters.

Sex and Love

It is not easy to win over the attention and the heart of a Capricorn, but once their walls break and their heart melts they stay committed for a lifetime. Their relationships with other signs can be challenging due to their difficult character, but any shared feeling that comes from such a deep emotional place is a reward for their partner’s efforts. Shown sensitivity comes through acts rather than words, and years are often needed for them to open enough to chat about their actual emotional problems. Turned to their personal goals, whatever they might be, Capricorns can lack compassion and emotion when relating to their loved ones. The certain ease of a “normal” life is something they will give with full devotion, and their partner will be able to rely on them, use them as a steppingstone for any personal endeavor, and have a lasting bond with a constant tendency of growth. Still, this isn’t someone willing to compromise much, and seems to have the need to create a problem only to resolve it or feel bad that it was never resolved before.

Friends and Family

Friends - Capricorn is intelligent, stable and reliable, and this makes its representatives loyal and extremely good friends, standing in one’s life as pillars on their way to their dreams. They need to be surrounded by people who don’t ask too many nosey questions, know where boundaries are set, but also warm, open-hearted and loyal enough to follow their lead. They will not collect too many friends in this lifetime but turn to those who make them feel at peace, intelligent and honest at all times.

Family – This is a sign with full understanding for family traditions. Capricorns feel connected to every single thing from their past and their childhood, and loves bringing out these memories whenever a season of holidays or birthdays is near. This is a sign of a typical conflict one has over dominance in their household, with their father being and extremely important figure in the way this person built their self-image over the years. As parents they tend to be strict but fair, readily taking on responsibilities that come with a child.

Career and Money

Capricorns will set high standards for themselves, but their honesty, dedication and perseverance will lead them to their goals. They value loyalty and hard work over all other things and keep associates with these qualities close even when they might be intellectually inferior. Concentrated and resourceful, this is someone who gets the job done, doesn’t mind long hours, and commits to the final product completely. They shine in jobs that include management, finance, programming and calculations. Deeply rooted in tradition, the state, and the system they live in, a Capricorn needs all of their paperwork in perfect order, their documents clean, and their file impeccable. Money will be truly valued in lives of these individuals, and they won’t have much trouble managing it and saving some for a rainy day, for as long as their debts don’t swallow their actual abilities. Hard workers with a higher cause, they will do anything they can to set free from a loan or a mortgage of any time, but also know that true success will only come in the long run.

How to Attract a Capricorn Man

Capricorn men are determined and ambitious people, who want to reach the top to get the rewards. He prefers reality over uncatchable dreams but isn’t afraid to set some of their more realistic dreams in motion. His need for control is strong, and he could be judgmental towards his partners, expecting them to be something they really aren’t. His nature is wrapped up around accomplishment and responsibility and he often doesn't set romantic relationships on the top of his priority list. A Capricorn man wants to take charge and be the one to make the rules from the beginning. He is in search for a practical, grounded partner, and almost always ends up with an emotional one who has a hard time controlling their heart. When starting a relationship, he will think about ways to respect the norm but also show his feelings, expecting the person in front of him to feel comfortable and attractive enough no matter the amount of affection he gives.

How to Attract a Capricorn Woman?

Capricorn women are ambitious, persistent, responsible and reliable. She only wants to find someone to make her smile and can’t wait to open up and feel the real pull of emotion that makes her warmup to the possibilities that lie in the future. It will take some time for her to lower her guard and feel safe and comfortable enough to show just how sensitive and caring she can be when she is in love. She wants her partners responsible, calm, and hard-working, and needs to know that she is taken care of if something bad happens in the future. A Capricorn woman needs to feel comfortable with people she dates and needs time to decide what she wants out of each relationship. Born in a Sun sign that exalts Mars, her instincts and initiative are strong, and this makes her a passionate lover always in charge of her own life no matter the outer circumstances.

Compatible Signs Capricorn Should Consider: Taurus, Virgo, Scorpio, Pisces

Aquarius-Valaskjalf January 20 - February 18

Presiding God: Valli

Element: Air

Quality: Fixed

Color: Light-Blue, Silver

Day: Saturday

Ruler: Uranus, Saturn

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Leo, Sagittarius

Lucky Numbers: 4, 7, 11, 22, 29

Strengths: Progressive, original, independent, humanitarian

Weaknesses: Runs from emotional expression, temperamental, uncompromising, aloof

Aquarius likes: Fun with friends, helping others, fighting for causes, intellectual conversation, a good listener

Aquarius dislikes: Limitations, broken promises, being lonely, dull or boring situations, people who disagree with them

Aquarius-born are shy and quiet, but on the other hand they can be eccentric and energetic. However, in both cases, they are deep thinkers and highly intellectual people who love helping others. They are able to see without prejudice, on both sides, which makes them people who can easily solve problems. Although they can easily adapt to the energy that surrounds them, Aquarius-born have a deep need to be some time alone and away from everything, in order to restore power. People born under the Aquarius sign, look at the world as a place full of possibilities. Aquarius is an air sign, and as such, uses his mind at every opportunity. If there is no mental stimulation, they are bored and lack a motivation to achieve the best result. The ruling planet of Aquarius, Uranus has a timid, abrupt and sometimes aggressive nature, but it also gives Aquarius visionary quality. They are capable of perceiving the future and they know exactly what they want to be doing five or ten years from now. Uranus also gave them the power of quick and easy transformation, so they are known as thinkers, progressives and humanists. They feel good in a group or a community, so they constantly strive to be surrounded by other people. The biggest problem for Aquarius-born is the feeling that they are limited or constrained. Because of the desire for freedom and equality for all, they will always strive to ensure freedom of speech and movement. Aquarius-born have a reputation for being cold and insensitive persons, but this is just their defense mechanism against premature intimacy. They need to learn to trust others and express their emotions in a healthy way.

Sex and Love

Intellectual stimulation is by far the greatest aphrodisiac for Aquarius. There's nothing that can attract an Aquarius more than an interesting conversation with a person. Openness, communication, imagination and willingness to risk are the qualities that fit well in the perspective of life of this zodiac sign. Their compatibility with other signs can be complex, Integrity and honesty are essential for anyone who wants a long-term relationship with this dynamic person. In love, they are loyal, committed and not at all possessive - they give independence to their partners and consider them as equals.

Friends and Family

Although Aquarius-born are communicative, they need time to get close to people. Considering that they are highly sensitive people, closeness to them means vulnerability. Their immediacy behavior combined with their strong views, makes them a challenge to meet. Aquarius will do anything for a loved one to the point of self-sacrifice if necessary. Their friends should possess these three qualities: creativity, intellect and integrity. When it comes to family, their expectations are nothing less. Although they have a sense of duty to relatives, they will not maintain close ties if the same expectations as in friendship are not fulfilled.

Career and Money

Aquarius-born bring enthusiasm to the job and have a remarkable ability of exploitation of their imagination for business purposes. Career which enables a development and demonstration of the concept will suit this zodiac sign. Their high intellect combined with their willingness to share their talents, inspires many who work in their environment. Aquarius is a visionary type who likes to engage in activities that aim to make humanity better. When it comes to money, this zodiac sign has a talent to maintain a balance between spending and saving money. Most people born under the sign of Aquarius are well adapted to their feel for style and they are not afraid to show it. It is not uncommon to see an Aquarius boldly dressed in brightly colored suits. Careers such as acting, writing, teaching, photography or piloting, are suitable for this sign. The best environment for them is one that gives them the freedom to solve the problem without strict guidelines. Aquarius is an unconventional type and if given the opportunity to express their talent, can achieve remarkable success.

How to Attract an Aquarius Man

You should learn about all the positive and negative Aquarius traits if you want to seduce man born under this zodiac sign. Aquarius men are unpredictable, intelligent, social, independent and excellent communicators. Some of the negative Aquarius characteristics include unreliability, stubbornness, indecision, and inflexibility. If you want to seduce the man born under the Aquarius astrology sign, you will have to be cool about it. If you ever come on too strong emotionally for this man, he will never even think about taking you to bed. The Aquarius man can often live inside his own mind, so he needs a companion to talk about the progressive thoughts he creates. So, if you want to seduce him, you should be friends first. Most of their romances tend to start out as friendships which gradually evolve into something more serious. This means that the Aquarius men will never enter into a romantic relationship with someone who isn't already a friend. Be patient and keep things on a platonic basis until you're ready to make your first big move. Respect his need for freedom, his individuality, and his desire to make a difference in the world.

How to Attract an Aquarius Woman

Aquarius personality is independent, mysterious, free-spirited and eccentric. Aquarius women have a unique sense of humor and a practical outlook in life. However, inconsistency is a constant problem for women born under the Aquarius zodiac sign. The Aquarius woman longs for romance and good conversation, although she may seem like a cold and aloof person. She is an excellent sex partner, but only if she is convinced that you are interested in more than just a one-night stand. If you want to seduce a woman born under the Aquarius star sign, you will have to appeal to the multiple different sides of her personality. Aquarius women are drawn to people who stand out from the crowd, so if you want to attract her attention it's important to come across as a bit different from everyone else, she knows. The Aquarius woman is a highly imaginative sex partner, who wants to try out new things on a regular basis. However, make sure to let her know that she is more than just a sex partner to you. The worst mistake you can make when trying to seduce the Aquarius woman is to be too demanding and pushy. Give her lots of freedom, because she is a very independent woman and won't tolerate any kind of control. In order to attract her attention, show her that you're the cool and calm type. The Aquarius woman feels uncomfortable with people who openly express their feelings, so avoid emotionally charged issues and appeal to her intellect instead.

Compatible Signs Aquarius Should Consider: Aries, Gemini, Libra, Sagittarius

Pisces-Sokkvabekkr February 19 - March 20

Presiding God: Saga

Element: Water

Quality: Mutable

Color: Mauve, Lilac, Purple, Violet, Sea green

Day: Thursday

Ruler: Neptune, Jupiter

Greatest Overall Compatibility: Virgo, Taurus

Lucky Numbers: 3, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24

Strengths: Compassionate, artistic, intuitive, gentle, wise, musical

Weaknesses: Fearful, overly trusting, sad, desire to escape reality, can be a victim or a martyr

Pisces likes: Being alone, sleeping, music, romance, visual media, swimming, spiritual themes

Pisces dislikes: Know-it-all, being criticized, the past coming back to haunt, cruelty of any kind

Pisces are very friendly, so they often find themselves in a company of very different people. Pisces are selfless, they are always willing to help others, without hoping to get anything back. Pisces is a Water sign and as such this zodiac sign is characterized by empathy and expressed emotional capacity. Their ruling planet is Neptune, so Pisces are more intuitive than others and have an artistic talent. Neptune is connected to music, so Pisces reveal music preferences in the earliest stages of life. They are generous, compassionate and extremely faithful and caring. People born under the Pisces sign have an intuitive understanding of the life cycle and thus achieve the best emotional relationship with other beings. Pisces-born are known by their wisdom, but under the influence of Uranus, Pisces sometimes can take the role of a martyr, in order to catch the attention. Pisces are never judgmental and always forgiving. They are also known to be most tolerant of all the zodiac signs.

Sex and Love

Deep in their hearts, Pisces-born are incorrigible romantics. They are very loyal, gentle and unconditionally generous to their partners. Pisces are passionate lovers who have a need to feel a real connection with their partners. Short-term relationships and adventures are not peculiar to this zodiac sign. In love and relationship, they are blindly loyal and very caring.

Friends and Family

Gentle and caring, Pisces can be the best friends that may exist. In fact, they often put the needs of their friends in front of their needs. They are loyal, devoted, compassionate and whenever there is some problem in the family or among friends, they will do their best to resolve it. Deeply intuitive, Pisces can sense if something is wrong, even before it happens. Pisces are expressive and they will not hesitate to express their feelings to the people around them. They expect others to be open to them as they are. Communication with loved ones is very important for them.

Career and Money

Intuitive and often dreamy, Pisces feel best in a position where their creative skills will come to the fore, even better if it's for charity. Occupations that fit Pisces are attorney, architect, veterinarian, musician, social worker and game designer. Inspired by the need to make changes in the lives of others, they are willing to help even if that means to go beyond the boundaries. This zodiac sign is compassionate, hard-working, dedicated and reliable. Pisces-born can be great at solving problems. For the most part, Pisces don’t give money too much thought. They are usually more focused on their dreams and goals, but they will try to make enough money to achieve their goals. In this area, there can be two sides of the Pisces - on one hand, they will spend a lot of money with little thought, while on the other hand they can become quite stingy. Yet, in the end, there will always be enough money for a normal life.

How to Attract a Pisces Man

Romance rules the world of the Pisces men. The man born under the Pisces astrology sign lives to please and love. The best way to seduce a Pisces man is to open up to him completely. Some of the best Pisces traits are his sensitivity, compassion, and kindness. He is a gentle person who will figure out what you want and then serve it up as often as possible. He is always looking for ways to help others and knows exactly what you want almost before you do. His desire to please leaves him susceptible to manipulation and lies. He will use his wild imagination to please you. The Pisces man loves to laugh, so if he finds you funny and easy to be around, you are on a good way to seduce him. He seems calm on the outside, but on the inside, you will find a different person, as the Pisces man battles between strong emotions. Encourage him to open up and release those feelings. One of the greatest Pisces characteristics is the ability to tune into other emotions. So, if you are dating a Pisces man, you can look forward to an emotionally fulfilling relationship.

How to Attract a Pisces Woman

Pisces women are known as kind, imaginative, compassionate, selfless and extremely sensitive individuals. If you want to attract the woman born under the Pisces zodiac signs, you need to be romantic and to have a good sense of humor. It is also important to be a good listener. The Pisces personality is compassionate and full of unconditional love. Once you have captured her attention, she will be quick to open up to you. A sex with the Pisces woman will be explosive and you will never be bored with her in the bedroom. The woman born under the Pisces star sign enjoys lively discussions about spiritual things and the supernatural. She is intuitive and will quickly figure out if all you are looking for is just sex. She wants to be treated with respect and you will never be able to seduce her fully during the first few dates. If you're honest and if you open up to her, she will immediately feel more connected with you. The Pisces woman is very sensitive by nature, so she is not quick to forgive and forget. If her heart has been wounded in the past, she will have a hard time opening herself back up to the thought of a new romantic relationship.

Compatible Signs Pisces Should Consider: Taurus, Cancer, Scorpio, Capricorn

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Open main menuWikipedia SearchEdit this pageWatch this pageRead in another languageUranusThis article is about the planet. For other uses, see Uranus (disambiguation).Uranus Uranus symbol.svgUranus2.jpgUranus as a featureless disc, photographed by Voyager 2 in 1986DiscoveryDiscovered by William HerschelDiscovery date March 13, 1781DesignationsPronunciation Listeni/ˈjʊərənəs/ or Listeni/jʊˈreɪnəs/[1][2]Adjectives UranianOrbital characteristics[7][a]Epoch J2000Aphelion 20.11 AU(3,008 Gm)Perihelion 18.33 AU(2,742 Gm)Semi-major axis19.2184 AU(2,875.04 Gm)Eccentricity 0.046381Orbital period84.0205 yr30,688.5 d[3]42,718 Uranian solar days[4]Synodic period369.66 days[5]Average orbital speed6.80 km/s[5]Mean anomaly142.238600°Inclination 0.773° to ecliptic6.48° to Sun's equator1.02° to invariable plane[6]Longitude of ascending node74.006°Argument of perihelion96.998857°Known satellites 27Physical characteristicsMean radius25,362±7 km[8][b]Equatorial radius25,559±4 km4.007 Earths[8][b]Polar radius24,973±20 km3.929 Earths[8][b]Flattening 0.0229±0.0008[c]Circumference 159,354.1 km[3]Surface area8.1156×109 km2[3][b]15.91 EarthsVolume 6.833×1013 km3[5][b]63.086 EarthsMass (8.6810±0.0013)×1025 kg14.536 Earths[9]GM=5,793,939±13 km3/s2Mean density1.27 g/cm3[5][d]Surface gravity8.69 m/s2[5][b]0.886 g0.210Moment of inertia factor0.23[10] (estimate)Escape velocity21.3 km/s[5][b]Sidereal rotation period−0.71833 d (retrograde)17 h 14 min 24 s[8]Equatorial rotation velocity2.59 km/s9,320 km/hAxial tilt97.77° (to orbit)[5]North pole right ascension17h 9m 15s257.311°[8]North pole declination−15.175°[8]Albedo 0.300 (Bond)0.51 (geom.)[5]Surface temp. min mean max1 bar level[11] 76 K (−197.2 °C) 0.1 bar(tropopause)[12] 47 K 53 K 57 KApparent magnitude5.9[13] to 5.32[5]Angular diameter3.3″ to 4.1″[5]Atmosphere[12][14][15][e]Scale height27.7 km[5]Composition by volume (Below 1.3 bar)Gases:83 ± 3% hydrogen (H2)15 ± 3% helium (He)2.3% methane (CH4)0.009% (0.007–0.015%) hydrogen deuteride (HD)Ices:ammonia (NH3)water (H2O)ammonium hydrosulfide (NH4SH)methane hydrateUranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. It has the third-largest planetary radius and fourth-largest planetary mass in the Solar System. Uranus is similar in composition to Neptune, and both have different bulk chemical composition from that of the larger gas giants Jupiter and Saturn. For this reason, scientists often classify Uranus and Neptune as "ice giants" to distinguish them from the gas giants. Uranus's atmosphere is similar to Jupiter's and Saturn's in its primary composition of hydrogen and helium, but it contains more "ices" such as water, ammonia, and methane, along with traces of other hydrocarbons.[12] It is the coldest planetary atmosphere in the Solar System, with a minimum temperature of 49 K (−224 °C; −371 °F), and has a complex, layered cloud structure with water thought to make up the lowest clouds and methane the uppermost layer of clouds.[12] The interior of Uranus is mainly composed of ices and rock.[11]Uranus is the only planet whose name is derived from a figure from Greek mythology, from the Latinised version of the Greek god of the sky Ouranos. Like the other giant planets, Uranus has a ring system, a magnetosphere, and numerous moons. The Uranian system has a unique configuration among those of the planets because its axis of rotation is tilted sideways, nearly into the plane of its solar orbit. Its north and south poles, therefore, lie where most other planets have their equators.[16] In 1986, images from Voyager 2 showed Uranus as an almost featureless planet in visible light, without the cloud bands or storms associated with the other giant planets.[16] Observations from Earth have shown seasonal change and increased weather activity as Uranus approached its equinox in 2007. Wind speeds can reach 250 metres per second (900 km/h; 560 mph).[17]HistoryLike the classical planets, Uranus is visible to the naked eye, but it was never recognised as a planet by ancient observers because of its dimness and slow orbit.[18] Sir William Herschel announced its discovery on March 13, 1781, expanding the known boundaries of the Solar System for the first time in history and making Uranus the first planet discovered with a telescope.Discovery"34 Tauri" redirects here. For the Firefly Verse, see List of Firefly planets and moons.William Herschel, discoverer of Uranus.Replica of the telescope used by Herschel to discover Uranus.Uranus had been observed on many occasions before its recognition as a planet, but it was generally mistaken for a star. Possibly the earliest known observation was by Hipparchos, who in 128 BCE might have recorded it as a star for his star catalogue that was later incorporated into Ptolemy's Almagest.[19] The earliest definite sighting was in 1690 when John Flamsteed observed it at least six times, cataloguing it as 34 Tauri. The French astronomer Pierre Lemonnier observed Uranus at least twelve times between 1750 and 1769,[20] including on four consecutive nights.Sir William Herschel observed Uranus on March 13, 1781 from the garden of his house at 19 New King Street in Bath, Somerset, England (now the Herschel Museum of Astronomy),[21] and initially reported it (on April 26, 1781) as a comet.[22] Herschel "engaged in a series of observations on the parallax of the fixed stars",[23] using a telescope of his own design.Herschel recorded in his journal: "In the quartile near ζ Tauri ... either [a] Nebulous star or perhaps a comet."[24] On March 17 he noted: "I looked for the Comet or Nebulous Star and found that it is a Comet, for it has changed its place."[25] When he presented his discovery to the Royal Society, he continued to assert that he had found a comet, but also implicitly compared it to a planet:[23]The power I had on when I first saw the comet was 227. From experience I know that the diameters of the fixed stars are not proportionally magnified with higher powers, as planets are; therefore I now put the powers at 460 and 932, and found that the diameter of the comet increased in proportion to the power, as it ought to be, on the supposition of its not being a fixed star, while the diameters of the stars to which I compared it were not increased in the same ratio. Moreover, the comet being magnified much beyond what its light would admit of, appeared hazy and ill-defined with these great powers, while the stars preserved that lustre and distinctness which from many thousand observations I knew they would retain. The sequel has shown that my surmises were well-founded, this proving to be the Comet we have lately observed.[23]Herschel notified the Astronomer Royal, Nevil Maskelyne, of his discovery and received this flummoxed reply from him on April 23, 1781: "I don't know what to call it. It is as likely to be a regular planet moving in an orbit nearly circular to the sun as a Comet moving in a very eccentric ellipsis. I have not yet seen any coma or tail to it."[26]Although Herschel continued to describe his new object as a comet, other astronomers had already begun to suspect otherwise. Finnish-Swedish astronomer Anders Johan Lexell, working in Russia, was the first to compute the orbit of the new object.[27] Its nearly circular orbit led him to a conclusion that it was a planet rather than a comet. Berlin astronomer Johann Elert Bode described Herschel's discovery as "a moving star that can be deemed a hitherto unknown planet-like object circulating beyond the orbit of Saturn".[28] Bode concluded that its near-circular orbit was more like a planet than a comet.[29]The object was soon universally accepted as a new planet. By 1783, Herschel acknowledged this to Royal Society president Joseph Banks: "By the observation of the most eminent Astronomers in Europe it appears that the new star, which I had the honour of pointing out to them in March 1781, is a Primary Planet of our Solar System."[30] In recognition of his achievement, King George III gave Herschel an annual stipend of £200 on condition that he move to Windsor so that the Royal Family could look through his telescopes.[31]NameUranus is named after the ancient Greek deity of the sky Uranus (Ancient Greek: Οὐρανός), the father of Cronus (Saturn) and grandfather of Zeus (Jupiter), which in Latin became "Ūranus" (Latin pronunciation: [ˈuranʊs]).[1] It is the only planet whose name is derived from a figure of Greek mythology. The adjective of Uranus is "Uranian".[32] The pronunciation of the name Uranus preferred among astronomers is /ˈjʊərənəs/,[2] with stress on the first syllable as in Latin Ūranus, in contrast to /jʊˈreɪnəs/, with stress on the second syllable and a long a, though both are considered acceptable.[f]Consensus on the name was not reached until almost 70 years after the planet's discovery. During the original discussions following discovery, Maskelyne asked Herschel to "do the astronomical world the faver [sic] to give a name to your planet, which is entirely your own, [and] which we are so much obliged to you for the discovery of".[34] In response to Maskelyne's request, Herschel decided to name the object Georgium Sidus (George's Star), or the "Georgian Planet" in honour of his new patron, King George III.[35] He explained this decision in a letter to Joseph Banks:[30]In the fabulous ages of ancient times the appellations of Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn were given to the Planets, as being the names of their principal heroes and divinities. In the present more philosophical era it would hardly be allowable to have recourse to the same method and call it Juno, Pallas, Apollo or Minerva, for a name to our new heavenly body. The first consideration of any particular event, or remarkable incident, seems to be its chronology: if in any future age it should be asked, when this last-found Planet was discovered? It would be a very satisfactory answer to say, 'In the reign of King George the Third'.Herschel's proposed name was not popular outside Britain, and alternatives were soon proposed. Astronomer Jérôme Lalande proposed that it be named Herschel in honour of its discoverer.[36] Swedish astronomer Erik Prosperin proposed the name Neptune, which was supported by other astronomers who liked the idea to commemorate the victories of the British Royal Naval fleet in the course of the American Revolutionary War by calling the new planet even Neptune George III or Neptune Great Britain.[27]In a March 1782 treatise, Bode proposed Uranus, the Latinised version of the Greek god of the sky, Ouranos.[37] Bode argued that the name should follow the mythology so as not to stand out as different from the other planets, and that Uranus was an appropriate name as the father of the first generation of the Titans.[37] He also noted that elegance of the name in that just as Saturn was the father of Jupiter, the new planet should be named after the father of Saturn.[31][37][38][39] In 1789, Bode's Royal Academy colleague Martin Klaproth named his newly discovered element uranium in support of Bode's choice.[40] Ultimately, Bode's suggestion became the most widely used, and became universal in 1850 when HM Nautical Almanac Office, the final holdout, switched from using Georgium Sidus to Uranus.[38]Uranus has two astronomical symbols. The first to be proposed, ♅,[g] was suggested by Lalande in 1784. In a letter to Herschel, Lalande described it as "un globe surmonté par la première lettre de votre nom" ("a globe surmounted by the first letter of your surname").[36] A later proposal, ⛢,[h] is a hybrid of the symbols for Mars and the Sun because Uranus was the Sky in Greek mythology, which was thought to be dominated by the combined powers of the Sun and Mars.[41]Uranus is called by a variety of translations in other languages. In Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese, its name is literally translated as the "sky king star" (天王星).[42][43][44][45] In Thai, its official name is Dao Yurenat (ดาวยูเรนัส), as in English. Its other name in Thai is Dao Maritayu (ดาวมฤตยู, Star of Mṛtyu), after the Sanskrit word for "death", Mrtyu (मृत्यु). In Mongolian, its name is Tengeriin Van (Тэнгэрийн ван), translated as "King of the Sky", reflecting its namesake god's role as the ruler of the heavens. In Hawaiian, its name is Hele‘ekala. In Māori, its name is Whērangi.[46][47] It is also named in Māori as Rangipō. In Nahuatl, Uranus is known as "Ilhuicateōcītlalli", named after the word for "sky", "ilhuicatl". It is also named in Nahuatl as "Xiuhtēuccītlalli", after the god Xiuhtecuhtli.Orbit and rotationA 1998 false-colour near-infrared image of Uranus showing cloud bands, rings, and moons obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope's NICMOS camera.Uranus orbits the Sun once every 84 years. Its average distance from the Sun is roughly 20 AU (3 billion km; 2 billion mi). The difference between its minimum and maximum distance from the Sun is 1.8 AU, larger than that of any other planet, though not as large as that of dwarf planet Pluto.[48] The intensity of sunlight varies inversely with the square of distance, and so on Uranus (at about 20 times the distance from the Sun compared to Earth) it is about 1/400 the intensity of light on Earth.[49] Its orbital elements were first calculated in 1783 by Pierre-Simon Laplace.[50] With time, discrepancies began to appear between the predicted and observed orbits, and in 1841, John Couch Adams first proposed that the differences might be due to the gravitational tug of an unseen planet. In 1845, Urbain Le Verrier began his own independent research into Uranus's orbit. On September 23, 1846, Johann Gottfried Galle located a new planet, later named Neptune, at nearly the position predicted by Le Verrier.[51]The rotational period of the interior of Uranus is 17 hours, 14 minutes. As on all the giant planets, its upper atmosphere experiences strong winds in the direction of rotation. At some latitudes, such as about 60 degrees south, visible features of the atmosphere move much faster, making a full rotation in as little as 14 hours.[52]Axial tiltThe Uranian axis of rotation is approximately parallel with the plane of the Solar System, with an axial tilt of 97.77° (as defined by prograde rotation). This gives it seasonal changes completely unlike those of the other planets. Near the solstice, one pole faces the Sun continuously and the other faces away. Only a narrow strip around the equator experiences a rapid day–night cycle, but with the Sun low over the horizon. At the other side of Uranus's orbit the orientation of the poles towards the Sun is reversed. Each pole gets around 42 years of continuous sunlight, followed by 42 years of darkness.[53] Near the time of the equinoxes, the Sun faces the equator of Uranus giving a period of day–night cycles similar to those seen on most of the other planets. In contrast to the other planets, whose motions around the Sun resemble that of spinning tops, Uranus's motion can be visualised as that of a ball rolling on the ecliptic plane near solstices and of a spinning rifle bullet near equinoxes.Uranus reached its most recent equinox on December 7, 2007.[54][55]Northern hemisphere Year Southern hemisphereWinter solstice 1902, 1986 Summer solsticeVernal equinox 1923, 2007 Autumnal equinoxSummer solstice 1944, 2028 Winter solsticeAutumnal equinox 1965, 2049 Vernal equinoxOne result of this axis orientation is that, averaged over the Uranian year, the polar regions of Uranus receive a greater energy input from the Sun than its equatorial regions. Nevertheless, Uranus is hotter at its equator than at its poles. The underlying mechanism that causes this is unknown. The reason for Uranus's unusual axial tilt is also not known with certainty, but the usual speculation is that during the formation of the Solar System, an Earth-sized protoplanet collided with Uranus, causing the skewed orientation.[56] Uranus's south pole was pointed almost directly at the Sun at the time of Voyager 2's flyby in 1986. The labelling of this pole as "south" uses the definition currently endorsed by the International Astronomical Union, namely that the north pole of a planet or satellite is the pole that points above the invariable plane of the Solar System, regardless of the direction the planet is spinning.[57][58] A different convention is sometimes used, in which a body's north and south poles are defined according to the right-hand rule in relation to the direction of rotation.[59]VisibilityFrom 1995 to 2006, Uranus's apparent magnitude fluctuated between +5.6 and +5.9, placing it just within the limit of naked eye visibility at +6.5.[13] Its angular diameter is between 3.4 and 3.7 arcseconds, compared with 16 to 20 arcseconds for Saturn and 32 to 45 arcseconds for Jupiter.[13] At opposition, Uranus is visible to the naked eye in dark skies, and becomes an easy target even in urban conditions with binoculars.[5] In larger amateur telescopes with an objective diameter of between 15 and 23 cm, Uranus appears as a pale cyan disk with distinct limb darkening. With a large telescope of 25 cm or wider, cloud patterns, as well as some of the larger satellites, such as Titania and Oberon, may be visible.[60]Physical characteristicsInternal structureSize comparison of Earth and UranusDiagram of the interior of UranusUranus's mass is roughly 14.5 times that of Earth, making it the least massive of the giant planets. Its diameter is slightly larger than Neptune's at roughly four times that of Earth. A resulting density of 1.27 g/cm3 makes Uranus the second least dense planet, after Saturn.[8][9] This value indicates that it is made primarily of various ices, such as water, ammonia, and methane.[11] The total mass of ice in Uranus's interior is not precisely known, because different figures emerge depending on the model chosen; it must be between 9.3 and 13.5 Earth masses.[11][61] Hydrogen and helium constitute only a small part of the total, with between 0.5 and 1.5 Earth masses.[11] The remainder of the non-ice mass (0.5 to 3.7 Earth masses) is accounted for by rocky material.[11]The standard model of Uranus's structure is that it consists of three layers: a rocky (silicate/iron–nickel) core in the centre, an icy mantle in the middle and an outer gaseous hydrogen/helium envelope.[11][62] The core is relatively small, with a mass of only 0.55 Earth masses and a radius less than 20% of Uranus's; the mantle comprises its bulk, with around 13.4 Earth masses, and the upper atmosphere is relatively insubstantial, weighing about 0.5 Earth masses and extending for the last 20% of Uranus's radius.[11][62] Uranus's core density is around 9 g/cm3, with a pressure in the centre of 8 million bars (800 GPa) and a temperature of about 5000 K.[61][62] The ice mantle is not in fact composed of ice in the conventional sense, but of a hot and dense fluid consisting of water, ammonia and other volatiles.[11][62] This fluid, which has a high electrical conductivity, is sometimes called a water–ammonia ocean.[63]The extreme pressure and temperature deep within Uranus may break up the methane molecules, with the carbon atoms condensing into crystals of diamond that rain down through the mantle like hailstones.[64] Very-high-pressure experiments at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory suggest that the base of the mantle may comprise an ocean of liquid diamond, with floating solid 'diamond-bergs'.[65][66]The bulk compositions of Uranus and Neptune are different from those of Jupiter and Saturn, with ice dominating over gases, hence justifying their separate classification as ice giants. There may be a layer of ionic water where the water molecules break down into a soup of hydrogen and oxygen ions, and deeper down superionic water in which the oxygen crystallises but the hydrogen ions move freely within the oxygen lattice.[67]Although the model considered above is reasonably standard, it is not unique; other models also satisfy observations. For instance, if substantial amounts of hydrogen and rocky material are mixed in the ice mantle, the total mass of ices in the interior will be lower, and, correspondingly, the total mass of rocks and hydrogen will be higher. Presently available data does not allow a scientific determination which model is correct.[61] The fluid interior structure of Uranus means that it has no solid surface. The gaseous atmosphere gradually transitions into the internal liquid layers.[11] For the sake of convenience, a revolving oblate spheroid set at the point at which atmospheric pressure equals 1 bar (100 kPa) is conditionally designated as a "surface". It has equatorial and polar radii of 25,559 ± 4 km (15,881.6 ± 2.5 mi) and 24,973 ± 20 km (15,518 ± 12 mi), respectively.[8] This surface is used throughout this article as a zero point for altitudes.Internal heatUranus's internal heat appears markedly lower than that of the other giant planets; in astronomical terms, it has a low thermal flux.[17][68] Why Uranus's internal temperature is so low is still not understood. Neptune, which is Uranus's near twin in size and composition, radiates 2.61 times as much energy into space as it receives from the Sun,[17] but Uranus radiates hardly any excess heat at all. The total power radiated by Uranus in the far infrared (i.e. heat) part of the spectrum is 1.06±0.08 times the solar energy absorbed in its atmosphere.[12][69] Uranus's heat flux is only 0.042±0.047 W/m2, which is lower than the internal heat flux of Earth of about 0.075 W/m2.[69] The lowest temperature recorded in Uranus's tropopause is 49 K (−224.2 °C; −371.5 °F), making Uranus the coldest planet in the Solar System.[12][69]One of the hypotheses for this discrepancy suggests that when Uranus was hit by a supermassive impactor, which caused it to expel most of its primordial heat, it was left with a depleted core temperature.[70] Another hypothesis is that some form of barrier exists in Uranus's upper layers that prevents the core's heat from reaching the surface.[11] For example, convection may take place in a set of compositionally different layers, which may inhibit the upward heat transport;[12][69] perhaps double diffusive convection is a limiting factor.[11]AtmosphereMain article: Atmosphere of UranusAlthough there is no well-defined solid surface within Uranus's interior, the outermost part of Uranus's gaseous envelope that is accessible to remote sensing is called its atmosphere.[12] Remote-sensing capability extends down to roughly 300 km below the 1 bar (100 kPa) level, with a corresponding pressure around 100 bar (10 MPa) and temperature of 320 K (47 °C; 116 °F).[71] The tenuous thermosphere extends over two planetary radii from the nominal surface, which is defined to lie at a pressure of 1 bar.[72] The Uranian atmosphere can be divided into three layers: the troposphere, between altitudes of −300 and 50 km (−186 and 31 mi) and pressures from 100 to 0.1 bar (10 MPa to 10 kPa); the stratosphere, spanning altitudes between 50 and 4,000 km (31 and 2,485 mi) and pressures of between 0.1 and 10−10 bar (10 kPa to 10 µPa); and the thermosphere extending from 4,000 km to as high as 50,000 km from the surface.[12] There is no mesosphere.CompositionThe composition of Uranus's atmosphere is different from its bulk, consisting mainly of molecular hydrogen and helium.[12] The helium molar fraction, i.e. the number of helium atoms per molecule of gas, is 0.15±0.03[15] in the upper troposphere, which corresponds to a mass fraction 0.26±0.05.[12][69] This value is close to the protosolar helium mass fraction of 0.275±0.01,[73] indicating that helium has not settled in its centre as it has in the gas giants.[12] The third-most-abundant component of Uranus's atmosphere is methane (CH4).[12] Methane has prominent absorption bands in the visible and near-infrared (IR), making Uranus aquamarine or cyan in colour.[12] Methane molecules account for 2.3% of the atmosphere by molar fraction below the methane cloud deck at the pressure level of 1.3 bar (130 kPa); this represents about 20 to 30 times the carbon abundance found in the Sun.[12][14][74] The mixing ratio[i] is much lower in the upper atmosphere due to its extremely low temperature, which lowers the saturation level and causes excess methane to freeze out.[75] The abundances of less volatile compounds such as ammonia, water, and hydrogen sulfide in the deep atmosphere are poorly known. They are probably also higher than solar values.[12][76] Along with methane, trace amounts of various hydrocarbons are found in the stratosphere of Uranus, which are thought to be produced from methane by photolysis induced by the solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation.[77] They include ethane (C2H6), acetylene (C2H2), methylacetylene (CH3C2H), and diacetylene (C2HC2H).[75][78][79] Spectroscopy has also uncovered traces of water vapour, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the upper atmosphere, which can only originate from an external source such as infalling dust and comets.[78][79][80]TroposphereThe troposphere is the lowest and densest part of the atmosphere and is characterised by a decrease in temperature with altitude.[12] The temperature falls from about 320 K (47 °C; 116 °F) at the base of the nominal troposphere at −300 km to 53 K (−220 °C; −364 °F) at 50 km.[71][74] The temperatures in the coldest upper region of the troposphere (the tropopause) actually vary in the range between 49 and 57 K (−224 and −216 °C; −371 and −357 °F) depending on planetary latitude.[12][68] The tropopause region is responsible for the vast majority of Uranus's thermal far infrared emissions, thus determining its effective temperature of 59.1 ± 0.3 K (−214.1 ± 0.3 °C; −353.3 ± 0.5 °F).[68][69]The troposphere is thought to have a highly complex cloud structure; water clouds are hypothesised to lie in the pressure range of 50 to 100 bar (5 to 10 MPa), ammonium hydrosulfide clouds in the range of 20 to 40 bar (2 to 4 MPa), ammonia or hydrogen sulfide clouds at between 3 and 10 bar (0.3 and 1 MPa) and finally directly detected thin methane clouds at 1 to 2 bar (0.1 to 0.2 MPa).[12][14][71][81] The troposphere is a dynamic part of the atmosphere, exhibiting strong winds, bright clouds and seasonal changes.[17]Upper atmosphere Aurorae on Uranus taken by the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) installed on Hubble.[82]The middle layer of the Uranian atmosphere is the stratosphere, where temperature generally increases with altitude from 53 K (−220 °C; −364 °F) in the tropopause to between 800 and 850 K (527 and 577 °C; 980 and 1,070 °F) at the base of the thermosphere.[72] The heating of the stratosphere is caused by absorption of solar UV and IR radiation by methane and other hydrocarbons,[83] which form in this part of the atmosphere as a result of methane photolysis.[77] Heat is also conducted from the hot thermosphere.[83] The hydrocarbons occupy a relatively narrow layer at altitudes of between 100 and 300 km corresponding to a pressure range of 10 to 0.1 mbar (10.00 to 0.10 hPa) and temperatures of between 75 and 170 K (−198 and −103 °C; −325 and −154 °F).[75][78] The most abundant hydrocarbons are methane, acetylene and ethane with mixing ratios of around 10−7 relative to hydrogen. The mixing ratio of carbon monoxide is similar at these altitudes.[75][78][80] Heavier hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide have mixing ratios three orders of magnitude lower.[78] The abundance ratio of water is around 7×10−9.[79] Ethane and acetylene tend to condense in the colder lower part of stratosphere and tropopause (below 10 mBar level) forming haze layers,[77] which may be partly responsible for the bland appearance of Uranus. The concentration of hydrocarbons in the Uranian stratosphere above the haze is significantly lower than in the stratospheres of the other giant planets.[75][84]The outermost layer of the Uranian atmosphere is the thermosphere and corona, which has a uniform temperature around 800 to 850 K.[12][84] The heat sources necessary to sustain such a high level are not understood, as neither the solar UV nor the auroral activity can provide the necessary energy to maintain these temperatures. The weak cooling efficiency due to the lack of hydrocarbons in the stratosphere above 0.1 mBar pressure level may contribute too.[72][84] In addition to molecular hydrogen, the thermosphere-corona contains many free hydrogen atoms. Their small mass and high temperatures explain why the corona extends as far as 50,000 km (31,000 mi), or two Uranian radii, from its surface.[72][84] This extended corona is a unique feature of Uranus.[84] Its effects include a drag on small particles orbiting Uranus, causing a general depletion of dust in the Uranian rings.[72] The Uranian thermosphere, together with the upper part of the stratosphere, corresponds to the ionosphere of Uranus.[74] Observations show that the ionosphere occupies altitudes from 2,000 to 10,000 km (1,200 to 6,200 mi).[74] The Uranian ionosphere is denser than that of either Saturn or Neptune, which may arise from the low concentration of hydrocarbons in the stratosphere.[84][85] The ionosphere is mainly sustained by solar UV radiation and its density depends on the solar activity.[86] Auroral activity is insignificant as compared to Jupiter and Saturn.[84][87]Uranus's atmosphere Temperature profile of the Uranian troposphere and lower stratosphere. Cloud and haze layers are also indicated. Zonal wind speeds on Uranus. Shaded areas show the southern collar and its future northern counterpart. The red curve is a symmetrical fit to the data.Magnetosphere The magnetic field of Uranus as observed by Voyager 2 in 1986. S and N are magnetic south and north poles.Before the arrival of Voyager 2, no measurements of the Uranian magnetosphere had been taken, so its nature remained a mystery. Before 1986, scientists had expected the magnetic field of Uranus to be in line with the solar wind, because it would then align with Uranus's poles that lie in the ecliptic.[88]Voyager's observations revealed that Uranus's magnetic field is peculiar, both because it does not originate from its geometric centre, and because it is tilted at 59° from the axis of rotation.[88][89] In fact the magnetic dipole is shifted from the Uranus's centre towards the south rotational pole by as much as one third of the planetary radius.[88] This unusual geometry results in a highly asymmetric magnetosphere, where the magnetic field strength on the surface in the southern hemisphere can be as low as 0.1 gauss (10 µT), whereas in the northern hemisphere it can be as high as 1.1 gauss (110 µT).[88] The average field at the surface is 0.23 gauss (23 µT).[88] In comparison, the magnetic field of Earth is roughly as strong at either pole, and its "magnetic equator" is roughly parallel with its geographical equator.[89] The dipole moment of Uranus is 50 times that of Earth.[88][89] Neptune has a similarly displaced and tilted magnetic field, suggesting that this may be a common feature of ice giants.[89] One hypothesis is that, unlike the magnetic fields of the terrestrial and gas giants, which are generated within their cores, the ice giants' magnetic fields are generated by motion at relatively shallow depths, for instance, in the water–ammonia ocean.[63][90] Another possible explanation for the magnetosphere's alignment is that there are oceans of liquid diamond in Uranus's interior that would deter the magnetic field.[65]Despite its curious alignment, in other respects the Uranian magnetosphere is like those of other planets: it has a bow shock at about 23 Uranian radii ahead of it, a magnetopause at 18 Uranian radii, a fully developed magnetotail, and radiation belts.[88][89][91] Overall, the structure of Uranus's magnetosphere is different from Jupiter's and more similar to Saturn's.[88][89] Uranus's magnetotail trails behind it into space for millions of kilometres and is twisted by its sideways rotation into a long corkscrew.[88][92]Uranus's magnetosphere contains charged particles: mainly protons and electrons, with a small amount of H2+ ions.[89][91] No heavier ions have been detected. Many of these particles probably derive from the thermosphere.[91] The ion and electron energies can be as high as 4 and 1.2 megaelectronvolts, respectively.[91] The density of low-energy (below 1 kiloelectronvolt) ions in the inner magnetosphere is about 2 cm−3.[93] The particle population is strongly affected by the Uranian moons, which sweep through the magnetosphere, leaving noticeable gaps.[91] The particle flux is high enough to cause darkening or space weathering of their surfaces on an astronomically rapid timescale of 100,000 years.[91] This may be the cause of the uniformly dark colouration of the Uranian satellites and rings.[94] Uranus has relatively well developed aurorae, which are seen as bright arcs around both magnetic poles.[84] Unlike Jupiter's, Uranus's aurorae seem to be insignificant for the energy balance of the planetary thermosphere.[87]ClimateMain article: Climate of UranusUranus's southern hemisphere in approximate natural colour (left) and in shorter wavelengths (right), showing its faint cloud bands and atmospheric "hood" as seen by Voyager 2At ultraviolet and visible wavelengths, Uranus's atmosphere is bland in comparison to the other giant planets, even to Neptune, which it otherwise closely resembles.[17] When Voyager 2 flew by Uranus in 1986, it observed a total of ten cloud features across the entire planet.[16][95] One proposed explanation for this dearth of features is that Uranus's internal heat appears markedly lower than that of the other giant planets. The lowest temperature recorded in Uranus's tropopause is 49 K (−224 °C; −371 °F), making Uranus the coldest planet in the Solar System.[12][69]Banded structure, winds and cloudsIn 1986, Voyager 2 found that the visible southern hemisphere of Uranus can be subdivided into two regions: a bright polar cap and dark equatorial bands.[16] Their boundary is located at about −45° of latitude. A narrow band straddling the latitudinal range from −45 to −50° is the brightest large feature on its visible surface.[16][96] It is called a southern "collar". The cap and collar are thought to be a dense region of methane clouds located within the pressure range of 1.3 to 2 bar (see above).[97] Besides the large-scale banded structure, Voyager 2 observed ten small bright clouds, most lying several degrees to the north from the collar.[16] In all other respects Uranus looked like a dynamically dead planet in 1986. Voyager 2 arrived during the height of Uranus's southern summer and could not observe the northern hemisphere. At the beginning of the 21st century, when the northern polar region came into view, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Keck telescope initially observed neither a collar nor a polar cap in the northern hemisphere.[96] So Uranus appeared to be asymmetric: bright near the south pole and uniformly dark in the region north of the southern collar.[96] In 2007, when Uranus passed its equinox, the southern collar almost disappeared, and a faint northern collar emerged near 45° of latitude.[98] The first dark spot observed on Uranus. Image obtained by the HST ACS in 2006.In the 1990s, the number of the observed bright cloud features grew considerably partly because new high-resolution imaging techniques became available.[17] Most were found in the northern hemisphere as it started to become visible.[17] An early explanation—that bright clouds are easier to identify in its dark part, whereas in the southern hemisphere the bright collar masks them – was shown to be incorrect.[99][100] Nevertheless there are differences between the clouds of each hemisphere. The northern clouds are smaller, sharper and brighter.[100] They appear to lie at a higher altitude.[100] The lifetime of clouds spans several orders of magnitude. Some small clouds live for hours; at least one southern cloud may have persisted since the Voyager flyby.[17][95] Recent observation also discovered that cloud features on Uranus have a lot in common with those on Neptune.[17] For example, the dark spots common on Neptune had never been observed on Uranus before 2006, when the first such feature dubbed Uranus Dark Spot was imaged.[101] The speculation is that Uranus is becoming more Neptune-like during its equinoctial season.[102]The tracking of numerous cloud features allowed determination of zonal winds blowing in the upper troposphere of Uranus.[17] At the equator winds are retrograde, which means that they blow in the reverse direction to the planetary rotation. Their speeds are from −360 to −180 km/h (−220 to −110 mph).[17][96] Wind speeds increase with the distance from the equator, reaching zero values near ±20° latitude, where the troposphere's temperature minimum is located.[17][68] Closer to the poles, the winds shift to a prograde direction, flowing with Uranus's rotation. Wind speeds continue to increase reaching maxima at ±60° latitude before falling to zero at the poles.[17] Wind speeds at −40° latitude range from 540 to 720 km/h (340 to 450 mph). Because the collar obscures all clouds below that parallel, speeds between it and the southern pole are impossible to measure.[17] In contrast, in the northern hemisphere maximum speeds as high as 860 km/h (540 mph) are observed near +50° latitude.[17][96][103]Seasonal variation Uranus in 2005. Rings, southern collar and a bright cloud in the northern hemisphere are visible (HST ACS image).For a short period from March to May 2004, large clouds appeared in the Uranian atmosphere, giving it a Neptune-like appearance.[100][104] Observations included record-breaking wind speeds of 820 km/h (510 mph) and a persistent thunderstorm referred to as "Fourth of July fireworks".[95] On August 23, 2006, researchers at the Space Science Institute (Boulder, Colorado) and the University of Wisconsin observed a dark spot on Uranus's surface, giving scientists more insight into Uranus's atmospheric activity.[101] Why this sudden upsurge in activity occurred is not fully known, but it appears that Uranus's extreme axial tilt results in extreme seasonal variations in its weather.[55][102] Determining the nature of this seasonal variation is difficult because good data on Uranus's atmosphere have existed for less than 84 years, or one full Uranian year. Photometry over the course of half a Uranian year (beginning in the 1950s) has shown regular variation in the brightness in two spectral bands, with maxima occurring at the solstices and minima occurring at the equinoxes.[105] A similar periodic variation, with maxima at the solstices, has been noted in microwave measurements of the deep troposphere begun in the 1960s.[106] Stratospheric temperature measurements beginning in the 1970s also showed maximum values near the 1986 solstice.[83] The majority of this variability is thought to occur owing to changes in the viewing geometry.[99]There are some indications that physical seasonal changes are happening in Uranus. Although Uranus is known to have a bright south polar region, the north pole is fairly dim, which is incompatible with the model of the seasonal change outlined above.[102] During its previous northern solstice in 1944, Uranus displayed elevated levels of brightness, which suggests that the north pole was not always so dim.[105] This information implies that the visible pole brightens some time before the solstice and darkens after the equinox.[102] Detailed analysis of the visible and microwave data revealed that the periodical changes of brightness are not completely symmetrical around the solstices, which also indicates a change in the meridional albedo patterns.[102] In the 1990s, as Uranus moved away from its solstice, Hubble and ground-based telescopes revealed that the south polar cap darkened noticeably (except the southern collar, which remained bright),[97] whereas the northern hemisphere demonstrated increasing activity,[95] such as cloud formations and stronger winds, bolstering expectations that it should brighten soon.[100] This indeed happened in 2007 when it passed an equinox: a faint northern polar collar arose, and the southern collar became nearly invisible, although the zonal wind profile remained slightly asymmetric, with northern winds being somewhat slower than southern.[98]The mechanism of these physical changes is still not clear.[102] Near the summer and winter solstices, Uranus's hemispheres lie alternately either in full glare of the Sun's rays or facing deep space. The brightening of the sunlit hemisphere is thought to result from the local thickening of the methane clouds and haze layers located in the troposphere.[97] The bright collar at −45° latitude is also connected with methane clouds.[97] Other changes in the southern polar region can be explained by changes in the lower cloud layers.[97] The variation of the microwave emission from Uranus is probably caused by changes in the deep tropospheric circulation, because thick polar clouds and haze may inhibit convection.[107] Now that the spring and autumn equinoxes are arriving on Uranus, the dynamics are changing and convection can occur again.[95][107]FormationMain article: Formation and evolution of the Solar SystemFor details of the evolution of Uranus's orbit, see Nice model.Many argue that the differences between the ice giants and the gas giants extend to their formation.[108][109] The Solar System is hypothesised to have formed from a giant rotating ball of gas and dust known as the presolar nebula. Much of the nebula's gas, primarily hydrogen and helium, formed the Sun, and the dust grains collected together to form the first protoplanets. As the planets grew, some of them eventually accreted enough matter for their gravity to hold on to the nebula's leftover gas.[108][109] The more gas they held onto, the larger they became; the larger they became, the more gas they held onto until a critical point was reached, and their size began to increase exponentially. The ice giants, with only a few Earth masses of nebular gas, never reached that critical point.[108][109][110] Recent simulations of planetary migration have suggested that both ice giants formed closer to the Sun than their present positions, and moved outwards after formation (the Nice model).[108]MoonsMain article: Moons of UranusSee also: Timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their natural satellitesMajor moons of Uranus in order of increasing distance (left to right), at their proper relative sizes and albedos (collage of Voyager 2 photographs)The Uranus System (NACO/VLT image)Uranus has 27 known natural satellites.[110] The names of these satellites are chosen from characters in the works of Shakespeare and Alexander Pope.[62][111] The five main satellites are Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon.[62] The Uranian satellite system is the least massive among those of the giant planets; the combined mass of the five major satellites would be less than half that of Triton (largest moon of Neptune) alone.[9] The largest of Uranus's satellites, Titania, has a radius of only 788.9 km (490.2 mi), or less than half that of the Moon, but slightly more than Rhea, the second-largest satellite of Saturn, making Titania the eighth-largest moon in the Solar System. Uranus's satellites have relatively low albedos; ranging from 0.20 for Umbriel to 0.35 for Ariel (in green light).[16] They are ice–rock conglomerates composed of roughly 50% ice and 50% rock. The ice may include ammonia and carbon dioxide.[94][112]Among the Uranian satellites, Ariel appears to have the youngest surface with the fewest impact craters and Umbriel's the oldest.[16][94] Miranda has fault canyons 20 km (12 mi) deep, terraced layers, and a chaotic variation in surface ages and features.[16] Miranda's past geologic activity is thought to have been driven by tidal heating at a time when its orbit was more eccentric than currently, probably as a result of a former 3:1 orbital resonance with Umbriel.[113] Extensional processes associated with upwelling diapirs are the likely origin of Miranda's 'racetrack'-like coronae.[114][115] Ariel is thought to have once been held in a 4:1 resonance with Titania.[116]Uranus has at least one horseshoe orbiter occupying the Sun–Uranus L3 Lagrangian point—a gravitationally unstable region at 180° in its orbit, 83982 Crantor.[117][118] Crantor moves inside Uranus's co-orbital region on a complex, temporary horseshoe orbit. 2010 EU65 is also a promising Uranus horseshoe librator candidate.[118]Planetary ringsMain article: Rings of UranusThe rings are composed of extremely dark particles, which vary in size from micrometres to a fraction of a metre.[16] Thirteen distinct rings are presently known, the brightest being the ε ring. All except two rings of Uranus are extremely narrow – they are usually a few kilometres wide. The rings are probably quite young; the dynamics considerations indicate that they did not form with Uranus. The matter in the rings may once have been part of a moon (or moons) that was shattered by high-speed impacts. From numerous pieces of debris that formed as a result of those impacts, only a few particles survived, in stable zones corresponding to the locations of the present rings.[94][119]William Herschel described a possible ring around Uranus in 1789. This sighting is generally considered doubtful, because the rings are quite faint, and in the two following centuries none were noted by other observers. Still, Herschel made an accurate description of the epsilon ring's size, its angle relative to Earth, its red colour, and its apparent changes as Uranus travelled around the Sun.[120][121] The ring system was definitively discovered on March 10, 1977 by James L. Elliot, Edward W. Dunham, and Jessica Mink using the Kuiper Airborne Observatory. The discovery was serendipitous; they planned to use the occultation of the star SAO 158687 (also known as HD 128598) by Uranus to study its atmosphere. When their observations were analysed, they found that the star had disappeared briefly from view five times both before and after it disappeared behind Uranus. They concluded that there must be a ring system around Uranus.[122] Later they detected four additional rings.[122] The rings were directly imaged when Voyager 2 passed Uranus in 1986.[16] Voyager 2 also discovered two additional faint rings, bringing the total number to eleven.[16]In December 2005, the Hubble Space Telescope detected a pair of previously unknown rings. The largest is located twice as far from Uranus as the previously known rings. These new rings are so far from Uranus that they are called the "outer" ring system. Hubble also spotted two small satellites, one of which, Mab, shares its orbit with the outermost newly discovered ring. The new rings bring the total number of Uranian rings to 13.[123] In April 2006, images of the new rings from the Keck Observatory yielded the colours of the outer rings: the outermost is blue and the other one red.[124][125] One hypothesis concerning the outer ring's blue colour is that it is composed of minute particles of water ice from the surface of Mab that are small enough to scatter blue light.[124][126] In contrast, Uranus's inner rings appear grey.[124]Uranus's rings Animation about the discovering occultation in 1977. (Click on it to start) Uranus has a complicated planetary ring system, which was the second such system to be discovered in the Solar System after Saturn's.[119] Uranus's aurorae against its equatorial rings, imaged by the Hubble telescope. Unlike the aurorae of Earth and Jupiter, those of Uranus are not in line with its poles, due to its lopsided magnetic field.ExplorationMain article: Exploration of UranusCrescent Uranus as imaged by Voyager 2 while en route to NeptuneIn 1986, NASA's Voyager 2 interplanetary probe encountered Uranus. This flyby remains the only investigation of Uranus carried out from a short distance and no other visits are planned. Launched in 1977, Voyager 2 made its closest approach to Uranus on January 24, 1986, coming within 81,500 km (50,600 mi) of the cloudtops, before continuing its journey to Neptune. The spacecraft studied the structure and chemical composition of Uranus's atmosphere,[74] including its unique weather, caused by its axial tilt of 97.77°. It made the first detailed investigations of its five largest moons and discovered 10 new ones. It examined all nine of the system's known rings and discovered two more.[16][94][127] It also studied the magnetic field, its irregular structure, its tilt and its unique corkscrew magnetotail caused by Uranus's sideways orientation.[88]Voyager 1 was unable to visit Uranus because investigation of Saturn's moon Titan was considered a priority. This trajectory took Voyager 1 out the plane of the ecliptic, ending its planetary science mission.[128]:118The possibility of sending the Cassini spacecraft from Saturn to Uranus was evaluated during a mission extension planning phase in 2009.[129] It would take about twenty years to get to the Uranian system after departing Saturn.[129] A Uranus orbiter and probe was recommended by the 2013–2022 Planetary Science Decadal Survey published in 2011; the proposal envisages launch during 2020–2023 and a 13-year cruise to Uranus.[130] A Uranus entry probe could use Pioneer Venus Multiprobe heritage and descend to 1–5 atmospheres.[130] The ESA evaluated a "medium-class" mission called Uranus Pathfinder.[131] A New Frontiers Uranus Orbiter has been evaluated and recommended in the study, The Case for a Uranus Orbiter.[132] Such a mission is aided by the ease with which a relatively big mass can be sent to the system—over 1500 kg with an Atlas 521 and 12-year journey.[133] For more concepts see Proposed Uranus missions.In cultureIn astrology, the planet Uranus (Uranus's astrological symbol.svg) is the ruling planet of Aquarius. Because Uranus is cyan and Uranus is associated with electricity, the colour electric blue, which is close to cyan, is associated with the sign Aquarius[134] (see Uranus in astrology).The chemical element uranium, discovered in 1789 by the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth, was named after the newly discovered planet Uranus.[135]"Uranus, the Magician" is a movement in Gustav Holst's orchestral suite The Planets, written between 1914 and 1916.Operation Uranus was the successful military operation in World War II by the Soviet army to take back Stalingrad and marked the turning point in the land war against the Wehrmacht.The lines "Then felt I like some watcher of the skies/When a new planet swims into his ken", from John Keats's "On First Looking Into Chapman's Homer", are a reference to Herschel's discovery of Uranus.[136]See alsoNotesReferencesFurther readingExternal linksLast edited 1 day ago by InternetArchiveBotRELATED ARTICLESAtmosphere of UranusClimate of UranusOutline of UranusWikipediaContent is available under CC BY-SA 3.0 unless otherwise noted.Terms of UsePrivacyDesktop

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