#adderall is great for ACTION but does nothing for FOCUS

[ear-motif]

christ i hope in 50-100 yrs we look back on today's psychiatry like we look back on bloodletting and humors now. just. jesus those guys were trying but holy shit

[topnootropicsadvisor]

Does Neuriva work for memory?

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[ivyhanlon-blog]

Is that ELIZABETH OLSEN walking down Old Town Front Street? Nah, IVY HANLON  just looks like their identical twin! The THIRTY YEAR OLD AQUARIUS has been a NATIVE for THIRTY YEARS. On their good days, IVY is ARTISTIC AND ACCEPTING, but if you catch them on a bad day, they may be HYPERVIGILANT AND FLIPPANT. Keep your eyes on this MUSICAL BUDTENDER/DRUGDEALER. Wonder what they’ve been up to lately in Sunnymead!

PINTEREST [ x ]

CHARACTER INFLUENCES: Meredith Grey ( Grey’s Anatomy ), Phoebe Buffay ( FRIENDS ), Liv Moore ( iZombie ), Fiona Gallagher ( Shameless ), Marissa Cooper ( The OC ), Lorelai Gilmore ( Gilmore Girls )

Ivy grew up privileged and lucky, besides the fact that she was white, she was also upper middle class. Her father is an architect, her mother a pediatrician running a relatively successful practice with the other pediatricians/family doctors in Sunnymead. She grew up going into Mammoth & other ski resorts closer to Sunnymead , having a ski pass and premium benefits. Her parents loved each other, she had a few younger siblings who came after her – they all wanted for nothing. Everything they wanted, they got. While this would’ve made some people bratty and even stuck up, Ivy was always so appreciative and in awe of it all. She was born with a wonder for the world, a curiosity for it and a love for the nature she grew up in. It was no surprise when she got into the arts.

At first it was all painting, dancing, and ice skating but the minute she got her hands on a piano – it was her calling. Ivy first love was the piano and the music of Chopin ( Tchaikovsky came next ), she quickly practiced, practiced and practiced. Their large home in the mountains was filled with Ivy’s mistakes & music. She was getting good, it was easy to see, and even easier to nurture. Her father especially sat with her, helping her work out the kinks in her technique or tips to get through a piece that was particularly difficult. He always cheered her on. They had dreams of Julliard, they had dreams that Ivy was more than determined to fufill.

In Highschool, she was known as an artsy kid, outgoing and fun, a little out there sometimes. Ivy came out to her school and parents as bisexual and growing up in a progressive household, she was accepted. Ivy refused to be ashamed of who she was and what she loved, she loved and loved and gave and gave. Friends who didn’t have money would be paid for, people who didn’t have lift passes or couldn’t afford meals, would always be fed and taken care of. Ivy still had that laser focus for school and for her music, because all that mattered after it was Julliard. Was becoming a pianist. Was doing what she loved and learning how to do it better.

( illness tw ) Her mother started getting sick when she was 16. At first, it was little things, like her memory fading, her sleeping in – something she never did, especially on weekdays when she had work. Then came the pain, hours she would hear her mother sob, she would sit at the foot of her parents bed. Sleep next to her but not cuddle her out of the fear of her mother causing her mother more pain. Ivy missed her second round of Julliard auditions in New York to be by her mother while she screamed, as doctors struggled to find what was wrong with her. As her mother couldn’t work, they drained through their savings looking for treatments and trying them, her father missed work being there for her mother, as well losing income.

They assured her, she could still go to school. She could still go to music school. While Ivy got into several prestigious music schools, including the Berklee College of Music and the Jacobs School of Music at the University of Indiana – she decided to stay in state. Even though her ambition was great, even though her music was everything – her family was always more important. She had to make sure her siblings were taken care of and pick up the slack her father seemed to be letting go. Still, her parents, her father, assured her it was just a rough patch. That they’d get her treatment, that they’d land on their feet okay. That money wouldn’t be an issue, that they’d take care of each other.

( gender dysphoria mention ) Ivy believed it, why wouldn’t she? Her family had been there for each other for the past two years, it had been more than hard, but they had made it. Off to college she went. College was an amazing time for her, while she wished to be at one of the better music schools, again Ivy was happy with what she had. It was in college she learned more about herself, her gender, how it all came together and clicked. While Ivy had always had body image issues, they never were the same as her friends who were girls talked about – at least not all of them. Nonbinary, femme, the words rolled off her tongue and felt right, and she fit in the definitions as well much better than she ever had when she had labeled herself a woman. Ivy started to shape the sort of person she was, and it felt amazing, she felt that maybe it was a blessing in disguise not going to music school as maybe she wouldn’t have found what she did in San Francisco At the same time, she always wondered what if. Still, being at school was wonderful, around other trans & non-binary people, around people who knew more than her & could educate her out of her bubble. The world felt infinite, she didn’t feel as tied to California & Sunnymead anymore, and thought maybe when her mother got better, when they found proper treatment for her – she could reapply to music school and go then.

It’s why when her father left her mother, sick & disabled, during her junior year of college that Ivy’s world fell apart. Everything she knew about her family – gone. Ivy went into action immediately, letting her anger & sadness be turned into fuel. Ivy adapted to her circumstances, taking on the role of caretaker for her mother and her siblings.  It was by the grace of generous friends, selling their beautiful home, and Ivy taking a job as a pianist at Snowfall, dropping out of college, that they weren’t left homeless and hungry. She didn’t give herself time to grieve, she didn’t give herself time to cry. Ivy learned about her mothers condition, learned about CRPS, learned her mothers medical history back and front. Learned how to deal with insurance companies. Learned how to go to parent teacher conferences and go to her sibling’s  IEP meetings. Ivy got guardianship of her underage siblings just to help her mother out, who had become bedridden due to the pain.

Deep down, Ivy was crestfallen, angry, in disbelief, angry again. How could her father do this? Just leave? Her may have sent child support, but there was no contact. He left them ALL. All because her mother’s illness became too much for him. As the bills started to pile up as the family wasn’t as good at downsizing as they needed to be ( Ivy included, sometimes ) and Ivy didn’t have the heart to tell them half of the time, she got another job as a Budtender in the best ( and only ) Dispensary in Sunnymead. The job was perfect for a variety of reasons – despite the good pay and tips, it would allow her access to cannabis that helped ease her mothers pain at a discounted price. Before the interview she had prepared, thoroughly, everything depended on it and when she got in she almost cried. It was then, at 22, her love for cannabis wasn’t just recreational but a true appreciation. She watched as her job helped get her mom medication that seemed to be the only thing that actually eased some of the consuming pain. That was everything.

Her mother always pushed her to continue pursuing piano, and while they had sold almost everything else valuable to rake in money for the family – the one thing Ivy kept for herself was her piano. The beautiful black Steinway they could barely fit into their now single family home, Ivy will play for her mother to lull her to sleep when she asks. Her relationship with the piano is complicated now as it sometimes reminds her of her father, but she wants nothing more to reclaim it for herself. Ivy immerses herself in other arts as well, oil painting being one of her favorite mediums when she can get her hands on it.

( drugs tw ) Something Ivy did to generate more income as her siblings need money for college is drug deal. While Ivy has a kind, generous heart, she does what she has to do and tries to scam richer families & people passing through from out of town, by selling them weed at an extremely high price. She scams them, shamelessly, and sometimes also sells LSD, Adderall, and/or cocaine.  If her work knew she was doing this, she’d get fired, but at this point Ivy needs to do it as her work hours sometimes still don’t pay all of the bills. 

Ivy may come off as childish, sometimes too impulsive or even wild, but truly she picks and chooses her moments to be this way. They’re limited and while she can be a kindred soul, Ivy in other elements away from people her age is a completely different person. At least, it’s a different facet of her personality. She’s still generous, she’s still kind, but she’s also rather blunt but private about her own issues. She’ll be honest about some things, but other things, she keeps to herself. Ivy comes off rather composed though excited about life, intrigued about the people around, and she is because reality hits her way too often. Seeming carefree and having a very hippie like mentality about some things as well as being vocal about her support for cannabis, gender expression & sexuality but Ivy doesn’t let herself lose herself completely in anything like she used to. She missed her old life, nostalgia often being an emotion that keeps her up at night, because she misses being able to actually breathe and take in everything around her without worrying about the next thing that’ll happen. A human who wants to desperately live in the moment, like she used to, who constantly feels anchored to Sunnymead. It’s a feeling that she’s trying to come to terms with because she knows she’ll have to endure it until her mother has either passed away or gotten a proper caretaker. Some days she still feels like wasted potential and on those days, she does anything she can to distract from her own mind. The question of what if is always hanging on her tongue, but she does her best to just find beauty & comfort in the now. In her surroundings and the people around her.

WANTED CONNECTIONS:

 Ride or die best friends!!!! THey’ve been best friends they’re whole lives and they’re basically family at this point!!

Coworkers!!!!

Hookups/Friends with Benefits

Other LGBTQ people in town wanna link up for a JAM SESH Or just smoke Sesh!!

Other musicians!!

Enemies since Day one. They see each other and it’s ON SIGHT they’re ready to RUMBLE

People she sells drugs to!!

People who know her family/knew her dad 

Hiking / roadtripping buddies

Ivy’s always down to babysit so she could babysit your characters kids or cousins or something!!

EXES!!! 

someone give me a brotp THANKS idc what it is 

[thisdiscontentedwinter]

hunger - chapter 14

Hunger master post.

When Stiles is pulled out of the truck nobody bothers catch him, and he stumbles to his knees on a gravel driveway. He looks around quickly. It’s dark, but he can make out trees. They might be on the other side of a chain-link fence, but Stiles can’t be sure. There are no streetlights here. The headlights of the truck illuminate a squat, ugly building. One of the men hauls Stiles to his feet and pulls him toward the building. Stiles struggles to keep pace with the man.

What was it his dad always said? You co-operate to make it easier on you, not on them. Don’t ever be an accomplice in your own murder. Stiles is a cop’s kid. His and his dad’s conversations over dinner would have raised a lot of questions in any other household, but mostly his dad was trying to set him straight after Stiles watched too many shoot-em-up action movies and thought that all it took to escape an entire cabal of armed terrorists was a single handgun and a couple of wisecracks. Which was not, his dad said, the way to survive a hostage situation at all.

Stiles doesn’t think either of them ever would have thought he’d actually need to know this stuff.

The first step is to open a dialog, right? To show them that he’s a person too, with thoughts and feelings and a life as valuable as any other.

“What is this place?” Stiles asks, forcing the words out against his panic.

“Shut your mouth,” the guy says.

So much for building a rapport. Stiles jerks his head in a nod to shows he understands, and concentrates on not stumbling again.

The guy unlocks the padlock on the door and pushes the door open.

It’s a metal door, and it opens inward on a clean but rundown room. The walls appear to be concrete. There are no apparent windows, just a series of ventilation ducts running across the ceiling, with grills to allow the air to circulate. The floors are tiled. There’s a table, an old fridge, shelves. On the opposite wall there’s another metal door. It’s painted red.

The place feels old, like Cold War old. Stiles wonders if it’s some sort of disused bomb shelter or bunker.

“Sit,” the guy says, and shoves Stiles toward a metal chair.

Stiles sits. He leans forward a little to try to take some of the strain off his shoulders. The cuffs are starting to get uncomfortable. Stiles decides to focus on that, instead of the fact that the man who put them on him was just incinerated by a colleague he thought he could trust.

He stares at his shoes, poking out of the ends of his too-short borrowed jeans. He doesn’t look up as Kate and the men move around the place. He keeps his gaze fixed down. Keeps his mouth shut like the guy said.

“You need us for anything else tonight, Kate?” one of the men asks, his tone gruff, and Stiles wonders wildly who the hell these people even are? Just set a cop on fire and abducted a kid, but all in a day’s work, huh? What sort of people are they if the idea of what they just did doesn’t freak them the fuck out?

“You guys are good to go,” Kate tells them. “Watch yourselves out there.”

The two men mutter their goodnights.

The metal door slams shut behind them, leaving Stiles alone with Kate Argent.

The air hisses in the vents.

The heels of Kate’s boots click across the floor.

She leans back against the table, and folds her arms over her chest. “I have to say, string bean, you don’t look like much.”

Stiles meets her gaze warily, and wishes he could say the same. Unfortunately, Kate Argent looks like she eats babies for breakfast.

She tilts her head to look at him. A smirk tugs at the corners of her mouth. “I’m going to be nice to you and take those cuffs off. Are you going to be nice to me in return?”

His skin crawls, but he nods. “Yes.”

Kate straightens up. She moves around behind him. She jostles the cuffs for a moment, and then they open. Stiles carefully moves his hands around to his lap, and sits back. He knows better than to make any sudden moves when Kate’s carrying enough weaponry to start her own militia.

Kate moves back to the table and leans against it again. “Take your shoes and socks off.”

Stiles blinks at her.

“Shoes and socks,” Kate says.

Stiles toes his shoes off, and then leans down to pull his socks off. The dusty tiles are cold against his bare feet. “I’m not a suicide risk.”

“That’s not the point of this exercise at all,” Kate says. Her smirk grows. “Stand up.” 

Stiles stands.

“Take your clothes off,” Kate says.

“Wh-why?” Stiles asks, his heart freezing.

“Take them off.” Still smirking, she drops her hand to her side and unclips the holster on her belt.

Stiles has the feeling that there is nothing idle about one of Kate Argent’s threats. He pulls his hoodie off. The shirt he’s wearing is Scott’s too. It’s advertising some breakfast radio duo that Stiles has never heard of. He tugs the shirt over his head and drops it on the floor with his hoodie.

His shaking hands pause at the button on the fly of his jeans.

Kate cocks an eyebrows.

Stiles tries not to shiver as he pushes his jeans and underwear down and steps out of them.

Her gaze rakes down him, and Stiles is suddenly deathly afraid.

Strange how this fear hits him some place different that the fear that she’s going to kill him. Why should it matter to Stiles why the hell she wants him naked? At this point, when Stiles is staring his imminent death in the face—he saw her kill her partner, he’s not walking away from this—what the hell does anything matter? Except then he thinks about what the autopsy report will say, and how, one day, his dad will read it and it will break his heart, and he wants someone to be able to say to him, “It happened quickly. Stiles wouldn’t have felt a thing.” That’s what he wants. He wants his dad to be able to hold onto that.

He doesn’t want him to know that he was hurt first. That he was humiliated.

“Arms out,” Kate says. “Turn around for me. Slowly.”

Stiles fights the urge to close his eyes as if that will protect him from her scrutiny. Protect him from whatever she’s got planned for him now.

 “Huh,” she says when Stiles has shuffled in a full circle. She nods at his clothes. “Put them back on.”

Stiles is too shocked to move.

“You can get dressed again,” Kate tells him slowly, raising her eyebrows. “Unless you’re enjoying putting on a show?”

Stiles scrambles for his clothes and allows himself to breathe again, just for the moment. She was checking him for weapons.

“No offence, string bean,” Kate says, “but I prefer my boys with a little more muscle.  A little more meat on their bones. And in other places too.”

Stiles doesn’t take the bait. He shoves his hands into the pockets of his hoodie and ducks his head.

“Jesus,” Kate says after a while. “You know, Jamie, I just can’t quite figure you out. Why you, huh? What’s so special about you?”

“Nothing,” Stiles rasps out. “Nothing special.”

“Oh, sweetie,” Kate says, “I really, really hope that’s a lie. I really hope you’re someone, Jamie.” She sighs. “I mean, I liked Parrish, dammit.”

“Right,” Stiles says, because sometimes he just can’t help himself. “Sorry for your loss.”

Kate’s laugh is horrifying in its sheer brightness.

“I like you, Jamie,” she says, tilting her head to look at him. “You are going to make this interesting, aren’t you?”

And just like that his blood runs cold.

“Sit,” Kate says.

He sits.

He twists his fingers together on his lap. Counts them. Twists them again.

He forces himself not to think of the things that matter.

Not to think about Parrish. Not to think about the McCalls.

Not to think about his dad.

It could be minutes, it could be hours. Tremors run through him; his fear and agitation working underneath his skin even though he’s trying so hard to stay still. Some Adderall would be really great right about now. It’s getting colder too, the longer he sits. And as much as Stiles hates the growing tension, he’s not dumb enough to break it intentionally and kick start the next phase in his abduction, whatever it is.

He glances up once to find Kate watching him carefully.

“What’s your name?” she asks him. “It’s not Jamie Williams, is it? You don’t match any missing person reports.”

“Maybe they didn’t report me,” Stiles suggests.

Kate laughs. “Oh, sweetie! Do you really think that Parrish didn’t try to track down every damn Jamie Williams between fourteen and eighteen on the west coast?” Whatever sob story you told him, it got him right here.” She puts her hand over her heart. “Whereas I know you’re a liar. So why not save yourself some pain, and tell me the truth?”

How…

How can she not know who he is? How can this woman who has ruined his entire life not even know who he is?

“My name is Mieczyslaw,” Stiles tells her, because he wants to see the look on her face. “Mieczyslaw Stilinski.”

 ***

 The moment doesn’t feel as momentous as it should.

Stiles watches Kate’s face. He sees the moment realization dawns. The moment she places the name Stilinski. The moment the penny drops. And then the moment she shakes it off.

“The sheriff’s kid,” she says, as though somehow this isn’t the revelation she’s expecting. She looks at him curiously. “Huh.”

“You framed my dad.”

“That was a team effort, string bean,” Kate says. She shrugs. “You dad should have done what he was told.”

There’s an ache in Stiles’s chest. He doesn’t know what he expected here, but not this. He expected this to mean something. He expected this moment to have gravity.

“Is that all you’ve got?” Kate asks, and reads his expression with a rueful laugh. “Holy shit. I don’t believe it. You are nothing.”  

 ***

Kate hauls him to his feet, and keeps a hand on his shoulder as she steers him toward the door on the other side of the room. “Now, I’ll be honest with you, cutie pie, I don’t know what’s on the other side of that door right now, but I’ll bet he’s glad to see you.”

“Wh-what?”

Kate wrenches the door open and pushes Stiles inside.

The door slams shut behind him.

The only light in here is coming from a flickering bulb set high in the corner of the ceiling. The floor is tiled, like the other room. The concrete walls are painted a kind of pale green. There are chains bolted into the walls.

There’s—

Stiles’s stomach roils.

There’s a naked man curled up on the floor, with a chain around his throat. His eyes are half-open, but Stiles can’t tell if he’s even awake or not. He might not even be alive. Stiles steps toward him, breathing heavily. His heart thumps loudly.

He looks… familiar?

Stiles kneels down on the floor, half afraid to reach out and touch the man, and half afraid not to. Just because Kate’s a monster doesn’t mean this guy isn’t crazy or something too, right? Just because he’s clearly being held against his will doesn’t mean he’s not dangerous. What if Kate threw Stiles in here just to see what the guy would do to him?

But also, what if he’s not a psycho?

He reaches out, his fingers hovering over the guy’s throat.

The guy is pale. He’s thin. Stiles can count his ribs. He can also count his muscles though, so he’s in better shape than Stiles. Which isn’t saying much, probably. He looks…

Stiles reaches closer.

Holy shit.

He looks like the boy Stiles saw in the photo from the Beacon Herald. The boy wearing a basketball uniform and a smile. Add six years and a hell of a lot of hard living to that boy and—

“Derek?” Stiles whispers, his cold fingers finding a faint pulse in the man’s throat.

The man’s eyes open fully. His brow furrows as he turns his head to look at Stiles. His eyes widen in something like horror, and his mouth opens and closes a few times but he doesn’t seem to be able to push any words out.

“Derek Hale?”

The man’s mouth moves again. “St…Stiles.”

Stiles rears back, his heart pounding. He lands on his ass on the filthy tiles. “How do you know my name?”

Derek Hale stares at him. He blinks, and tears spill from his eyes. “My Stiles.”

[americanlibertypac]

Thomas Edison Would Have Been Given Adderall Today

“The trouble with our way of educating is that it does not give elasticity to the mind. It casts the brain into a mold. It insists that the child must accept. It does not encourage original thought or reasoning, and it lays more stress on memory than observation.” – Thomas Edison

Photo credit: Pixabay: WikiImages, CC0 Public Domain, https://pixabay.com/en/thomas-alva-edison-inventor-1922-67763/

In 1855, when he was eight years old, Thomas Edison enrolled in school for the first time. After 12 weeks, his teacher, Reverend G. Engle, called him “addled,” or unable to think clearly. Edison apparently hated school and its heavy focus on sitting, memorizing, and repeating. As biographer, Louise Egan, explains: “Tom was confused by Reverend Engle’s way of teaching. He could not learn through fear. Nor could he just sit and memorize. He liked to see things for himself and ask questions.”[1]

Edison’s mother, Nancy Edison, approached Reverend Engle about her son but found his ways too rigid. She felt that he forced things on the children. His mother quickly decided to pull Tom from school and allow him to learn at home, where he developed a passion for books and knowledge. Edison’s education was largely self-directed, with his mother avoiding most top-down instruction and instead allowing Edison to learn naturally. Edison’s biographer, Matthew Josephson, writes: “She avoided forcing or prodding and made an effort to engage his interest by reading him works of good literature and history that she had learned to love…”[2]

Nancy Edison facilitated her son’s learning by noticing the things that interested him and by gathering books and resources to help him explore those topics more fully. Nothing was forced. There was no coercion. Edison became a voracious reader, and by the time he was 12 he had read the great works of Dickens and Shakespeare and many others. He became interested in science so his mother brought him a book on the physical sciences—R.G. Parker’s School of Natural Philosophy—and he performed every experiment within it. This led to a passion for chemistry, so his mother gathered more books for him. Edison spent all of his extra money to gather chemicals from a local pharmacist and to purchase science equipment, and he conducted his first experiments in a makeshift lab in his home’s basement while still just a tween. Josephson writes that in allowing Edison so much freedom and self-direction, his mother “brought him to the stage of learning things for himself, learning that which most amused and interested him, and she encouraged him to go on in that path.” Edison himself wrote about his mother: “She understood me; she let me follow my bent.”[3]

With over 1,000 U.S. patents, Thomas Edison went on to become one of the greatest inventors of all time, creating the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and, most famously, the incandescent light bulb. Books were the foundation of Edison’s education. He was one of the first library cardholders at the Detroit Free Library, and later in his massive laboratory in New Jersey he placed his desk in the center of the lab’s library, surrounded by thousands of books. One of Edison’s chemists, Martin Andre Rosanoff, concluded: “Had Edison been formerly schooled, he might not have had the audacity to create such impossible things…”[4]

Today, I hope that Nancy Edison would have the same confidence and grit to reject her son’s label of addled, or unfocused, and avoid the push to diagnose him with, and medicate him for, an attention disorder like ADHD. What if Edison had stayed in school and were prescribed Adderall, a potent amphetamine drug commonly used to treat ADHD, for his “addled” thinking? Would we all still be sitting in the dark?

For children with a natural tendency to be active and moving, or who don’t learn best by sitting still and listening passively to an adult, school is not a good fit. These children are often frustrated by school and its rigidity, and teachers are frustrated by behavior that can make classroom control an issue. Schooling and normal childhood behaviors are very often incompatible. In fact, many of the families I know who decided to home-school their children–often without ever considering the option before–did so because they realized that schooling was crushing their child’s originality, creativity, and exuberance. Like Nancy Edison, they wanted better for their children.

Boston College psychology professor, Dr. Peter Gray, explains that ADHD diagnoses often begin with teacher evaluations and are fundamentally a school problem–not a child problem. He writes:

“What does it mean to have ADHD? Basically, it means failure to adapt to the conditions of standard schooling. Most diagnoses of ADHD originate with teachers’ observations. In the typical case, a child has been a persistent pain in the neck in school–not paying attention, not completing assignments, disrupting class with excessive movements and verbal outbursts–and the teacher, consequently, urges the parents to consult with a clinician about the possibility that the child has ADHD…. The child may then be put on a drug such as Adderall or Concerta, with the result, usually, that the child’s behavior in school improves. The student begins to do what the teacher asks him to do; the classroom is less disrupted; and the parents are relieved. The drug works.”

ADHD is fundamentally a “failure to adapt to the conditions of standard schooling.” Without schooling, as Dr. Gray discovered upon further research, “most ADHD-diagnosed kids do fine without drugs” and they “do especially well when they are allowed to take charge of their own education.” As schooling lengthens and becomes more restrictive–beginning at ever-earlier ages–ADHD diagnoses and drug treatments are likely to continue to skyrocket. According to data from the National Survey of Children’s Health, up to 15% of children are now diagnosed with ADHD. And between 1991 and 1995, the number of children aged two to four who were prescribed stimulant drugs for alleged attention disorders rose by 300 percent! [5] Toddlers on amphetamines!

Nancy Edison was brave. She saw the energy and creativity in her young son, and also spotted quickly the ways in which schooling smothers both. She removed her son from school and allowed him to learn at home in a self-directed way, through books and hands-on experimentation. She connected him to resources to help him learn and then allowed him the freedom to direct his own education. She rejected schooling in favor of learning for Thomas Edison, and today all of us reap the benefits of her wise parental actions.

[1] Egan, Louise. Thomas Edison: The Great American Inventor. New York: Barron’s Educational Series, Inc., 1987, p. 11.

[2] Josephson, Matthew. Edison: A Biography. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992, p. 22.

[3] ibid.

[4] Josephson, Matthew. Edison: A Biography. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992, p. 412.

[5] Zito, Julie Magno, et al. “Trends in the Prescribing of Psychotropic Medications to Preschoolers,” JAMA 283, no. 8 (2000).

Kerry McDonald

Kerry McDonald has a B.A. in Economics from Bowdoin and an M.Ed. in education policy from Harvard. She lives in Cambridge, Mass. with her husband and four never-been-schooled children. Follow her writing at Whole Family Learning.

This article was originally published on FEE.org. Read the original article.

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[easyweight101]

Adderum Review: Don’t Buy Before You Read This!

What is it?

Adderum is an over-the-counter substitute for Adderall, Ritalin or any other prescription ADHD drug. The makers behind this product claim it boost users’ ability to think clearly, focus and learn more easily.

Adderum targets users looking for ADD/ADHD treatment, but who have not been diagnosed or may not have insurance coverage. The makers of Adderum also claim this product does not contain any stimulants and won’t cause users to crash after the effects start to taper off.

Our review team has found Memotenz works best to help users overcome brain fog, and improve cognitive function. Ingredients like bacopa monnieri, St. John’s Wort and gingko biloba safely improve mood, memory and learning with regular use. Click the link for more information about Memotenz.

Do You Know the Best Brain Enhancement Supplements of 2017?

Adderum Ingredients and Side Effects

Adderum’s website doesn’t offer any explanation as to what’s included in this product. We were able to locate a list of ingredients a previous user posted on the web, but we can’t be entirely certain that this is the full formula, or if it’s accurate:

L-Tyrosine Vinpocetine GABA Bacopa Monnieri Huperzine A Alpha GPC

L-Tyrosine: An amino acid used to reduce symptoms of ADHD, Alzheimer’s disease, L-tyrosine can be found in many foods and is essential for helping the brain produce neurotransmitters. It also helps the brain maintain an alertness through the day.

Side effects may include headaches, nausea, joint pain, fatigue and heartburn.

Huperzine A: A substance derived from Chinese club moss, huperzine A is used to treat memory and learning issues, as well as Alzheimer’s disease and nerve damage.

Side effects may include slurred speech, blurred vision, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, twitching muscles and a slowed heart rate.

GABA: A chemical naturally produced inside the brain, GABA is often taken to reduce anxiety, improve mood and exercise performance and recovery, as well as treat ADHD.

Bacopa Monnieri: An herb used for a variety opf rememdies in traditional Indian medicine, bacopa is useful in helping the brain maintain sharpeness and retain memory. It may also help block certain chemicals released in the brain in Alzheimer’s patients.

Vinpocetine: A chemical that may help increase blood flow to the brain, vinpocetine is used to enhance memory and ability to learn, as well as prevent Alzheimer’s disease and loss of cognitive function associated with aging.

Dizziness, nervousness, nausea, insomnia and flushing.

Alpha GPC: A form of choline found in the brain, alpha GPC is often used to treat Alzheimer’s disease and to help users improve their memory, thinking and learning.

Side effects may include rash, confusion, dizziness, headache, nausea, insomnia and heartburn.

Stay alert without the crash, take a look at our favorite non-stimulant brain boosters.

EDITOR’S TIP: Combine this product with a proven brain enhancement supplement such as Memotenz for better results.

Adderum Quality of Ingredients

While looking at the list of ingredients used to make Adderum, this product appears to be made from a blend of herbal ingredients and nootropics, which could potentially be a good combination for brains in need of a little boost.

This formula listed above seems to be in line with similar products we’ve come across, featuring key ingredients like GABA, bacopa monnieri and more. While some of these ingredients do carry a small risk for consumers, there’s nothing listed that gives us pause. Users should consult with their physician before adding this into their routine.

The big problem here is we don’t know what is actually in this product. For example, it could contain all of the above ingredients along with other things commonly found in Adderall substitutes, like caffeine, guarana or some other energy enhancing stimulant.

At this point, we don’t have enough information to make a clear judgement call on whether this product is any good or can deliver the claims it promises on the website.

Our full guide to the best supplements of the year – click here for more.

The Price and Quality of Adderum

Adderum appears to be sold on both of their official websites, adderum.net and adderum.org. Both sites fail to offer users much information in key parts of the buying cycle—both the ingredients have been left off, as has the price.

Both websites feature different packages of the product available for sale, but if you click any of them, you may be redirected to a Forbes article, featuring an interview between Dr. Oz and Donald Trump, or another website for a similar nootropic product.

What’s strange is, the time stamp on the bottom of these sites claim that they were updated in 2017, so it’s unclear if these products were easier to buy earlier in the year, or not.

Click here to read more about which herbs naturally improve cognition, memory and more.

Business of Adderum

Based on the information listed on any of the sites we’ve found to be associated with Adderum, we have not been able to find out who is responsible for this product, and therefore, have no contact information.

The two Adderum websites fail to offer any information, again, regarding ingredients, as well as price or even how to buy the product. If you click the call to action that says “rush my order,” you are presented with a Forbes article that does not seem to be authorized by the publication (the domain name is socialwebhost.com, rather than Forbes.com) and essentially claims Donald Trump uses this product.

The product featured is actually the similarly named, Adderin, and the article quickly devolves into an ad littered with images of other celebrities like Bill Gates, as well as Stephen Hawking and Bradley Cooper, star of the film, Limitless.

Based on the above information, we’re wary of this product and are unclear as to what the end game behind all this fake advertising is. There’s no obvious place for users to enter their information in exchange for free product, which we’ve seen on a lot of similar websites, nor is it easy for users to simply buy this product from the website, as one would expect to do in an e-commerce setting.

We’re going to recommend that users avoid this product and website altogether and look for something with documented usage and a legitimate business model behind it.

EDITOR’S TIP: For the best results, our experts recommend using brain enhancement supplements for at least 3 months. Save your money by buying a few bottles at once.

Customer Opinions of Adderum

As one might expect after learning that there is no company information for Adderum, as well as nowhere to easily purchase the product or obtain a sample, there are virtually no consumer reviews for this product.

While the formula we came across looks promising, there’s no evidence that this information is up-to-date, nor if Adderum contains any of the ingredients we thought. Realistically, there’s a good chance that this product might not even be real.

Regardless, of the reported ingredients used to make Adderum, we can’t endorse a product that has no reviews tied to it, nor any scientific studies or even information about the key ingredients used in this blend. The fact that consumers can’t even easily buy this, makes it impossible to recommend.

Click here to take a deep dive into the vitamins and nootropics perfect for improving the mind’s function.

Conclusion – Does Adderum Work?

After evaluating Adderum there is no information available that suggests that this product is something consumers should look into when trying to find a brain pill suited to their needs.

First of all, this product is targeted to people who are unable to get a prescription for Adderall and the like. In the case of people who truly can’t afford it, a more affordable supplement could truly be an asset. However, most of these nootropic pills approach the cost of a monthly supply of generic Adderall. More likely, this may be targeting people who do not have ADHD and were looking for an Adderall prescription.

Additionally, the Adderum website doesn’t mention anything about the product aside from the benefits users can expect. There are no studies cited, no image of a product label or breakdown of what each ingredient in the formula does for the user’s brain. There’s also no price and the portals for purchase on both websites do not lead you to a shopping cart. Instead, you’re presented with either a different product, or a fake Forbes article that instead, features, Adderin, a product with a very similar name.

Based on the complete dysfunction of the website and blatant lack of key information need to make a purchase, we cannot recommend this product, no matter what great ingredients that could be included in the blend. We’re not entirely sure this product has ever existed or if any consumers ever received it.

In the end, if you suspect you have ADD or ADHD, or feel as though you’re slipping into some form of cognitive decline, talk to your doctor to determine the best course of action, rather than trying to buy pills that make a lot of bold claims. There are a number of good supplements available, too. Users need to be aware, however, that there are a number of scams, and should do adequate research before signing up for a trial.

We’ve learned Memotenz best helps users improve their memory and cognitive function through a daily blend of herbs, aminos and more. Users can expect to feel a greater sense of clarity, as well as less stressed and more productive.

Memotenz is made in compliance with GMP standards in a facility that has been FDA-certified. Third-party quality testing ensures customers receive a safe and effective product they can count on. Click here for a look at the formula behind Memotenz.

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[stopkingobama]

Thomas Edison Would Have Been Given Adderall Today

“The trouble with our way of educating is that it does not give elasticity to the mind. It casts the brain into a mold. It insists that the child must accept. It does not encourage original thought or reasoning, and it lays more stress on memory than observation.” – Thomas Edison

Photo credit: Pixabay: WikiImages, CC0 Public Domain, https://pixabay.com/en/thomas-alva-edison-inventor-1922-67763/

In 1855, when he was eight years old, Thomas Edison enrolled in school for the first time. After 12 weeks, his teacher, Reverend G. Engle, called him “addled,” or unable to think clearly. Edison apparently hated school and its heavy focus on sitting, memorizing, and repeating. As biographer, Louise Egan, explains: “Tom was confused by Reverend Engle’s way of teaching. He could not learn through fear. Nor could he just sit and memorize. He liked to see things for himself and ask questions.”[1]

Edison’s mother, Nancy Edison, approached Reverend Engle about her son but found his ways too rigid. She felt that he forced things on the children. His mother quickly decided to pull Tom from school and allow him to learn at home, where he developed a passion for books and knowledge. Edison’s education was largely self-directed, with his mother avoiding most top-down instruction and instead allowing Edison to learn naturally. Edison’s biographer, Matthew Josephson, writes: “She avoided forcing or prodding and made an effort to engage his interest by reading him works of good literature and history that she had learned to love…”[2]

Nancy Edison facilitated her son’s learning by noticing the things that interested him and by gathering books and resources to help him explore those topics more fully. Nothing was forced. There was no coercion. Edison became a voracious reader, and by the time he was 12 he had read the great works of Dickens and Shakespeare and many others. He became interested in science so his mother brought him a book on the physical sciences—R.G. Parker’s School of Natural Philosophy—and he performed every experiment within it. This led to a passion for chemistry, so his mother gathered more books for him. Edison spent all of his extra money to gather chemicals from a local pharmacist and to purchase science equipment, and he conducted his first experiments in a makeshift lab in his home’s basement while still just a tween. Josephson writes that in allowing Edison so much freedom and self-direction, his mother “brought him to the stage of learning things for himself, learning that which most amused and interested him, and she encouraged him to go on in that path.” Edison himself wrote about his mother: “She understood me; she let me follow my bent.”[3]

With over 1,000 U.S. patents, Thomas Edison went on to become one of the greatest inventors of all time, creating the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and, most famously, the incandescent light bulb. Books were the foundation of Edison’s education. He was one of the first library cardholders at the Detroit Free Library, and later in his massive laboratory in New Jersey he placed his desk in the center of the lab’s library, surrounded by thousands of books. One of Edison’s chemists, Martin Andre Rosanoff, concluded: “Had Edison been formerly schooled, he might not have had the audacity to create such impossible things…”[4]

Today, I hope that Nancy Edison would have the same confidence and grit to reject her son’s label of addled, or unfocused, and avoid the push to diagnose him with, and medicate him for, an attention disorder like ADHD. What if Edison had stayed in school and were prescribed Adderall, a potent amphetamine drug commonly used to treat ADHD, for his “addled” thinking? Would we all still be sitting in the dark?

For children with a natural tendency to be active and moving, or who don’t learn best by sitting still and listening passively to an adult, school is not a good fit. These children are often frustrated by school and its rigidity, and teachers are frustrated by behavior that can make classroom control an issue. Schooling and normal childhood behaviors are very often incompatible. In fact, many of the families I know who decided to home-school their children–often without ever considering the option before–did so because they realized that schooling was crushing their child’s originality, creativity, and exuberance. Like Nancy Edison, they wanted better for their children.

Boston College psychology professor, Dr. Peter Gray, explains that ADHD diagnoses often begin with teacher evaluations and are fundamentally a school problem–not a child problem. He writes:

“What does it mean to have ADHD? Basically, it means failure to adapt to the conditions of standard schooling. Most diagnoses of ADHD originate with teachers’ observations. In the typical case, a child has been a persistent pain in the neck in school–not paying attention, not completing assignments, disrupting class with excessive movements and verbal outbursts–and the teacher, consequently, urges the parents to consult with a clinician about the possibility that the child has ADHD…. The child may then be put on a drug such as Adderall or Concerta, with the result, usually, that the child’s behavior in school improves. The student begins to do what the teacher asks him to do; the classroom is less disrupted; and the parents are relieved. The drug works.”

ADHD is fundamentally a “failure to adapt to the conditions of standard schooling.” Without schooling, as Dr. Gray discovered upon further research, “most ADHD-diagnosed kids do fine without drugs” and they “do especially well when they are allowed to take charge of their own education.” As schooling lengthens and becomes more restrictive–beginning at ever-earlier ages–ADHD diagnoses and drug treatments are likely to continue to skyrocket. According to data from the National Survey of Children’s Health, up to 15% of children are now diagnosed with ADHD. And between 1991 and 1995, the number of children aged two to four who were prescribed stimulant drugs for alleged attention disorders rose by 300 percent! [5] Toddlers on amphetamines!

Nancy Edison was brave. She saw the energy and creativity in her young son, and also spotted quickly the ways in which schooling smothers both. She removed her son from school and allowed him to learn at home in a self-directed way, through books and hands-on experimentation. She connected him to resources to help him learn and then allowed him the freedom to direct his own education. She rejected schooling in favor of learning for Thomas Edison, and today all of us reap the benefits of her wise parental actions.

[1] Egan, Louise. Thomas Edison: The Great American Inventor. New York: Barron’s Educational Series, Inc., 1987, p. 11.

[2] Josephson, Matthew. Edison: A Biography. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992, p. 22.

[3] ibid.

[4] Josephson, Matthew. Edison: A Biography. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992, p. 412.

[5] Zito, Julie Magno, et al. “Trends in the Prescribing of Psychotropic Medications to Preschoolers,” JAMA 283, no. 8 (2000).

Kerry McDonald

Kerry McDonald has a B.A. in Economics from Bowdoin and an M.Ed. in education policy from Harvard. She lives in Cambridge, Mass. with her husband and four never-been-schooled children. Follow her writing at Whole Family Learning.

This article was originally published on FEE.org. Read the original article.