#Vertical Milk Storage Tank

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Design, Usage, and Benefits of Vertical Milk Cooling Tank

Quality maintenance of milk from production till processing is very important in the dairy industry. One such critical component that aids in keeping the milk flavorful and uncontaminated is milk cooling tanks. They are distinctly configured to store milk in the proper conditions so that its nutritive value is safe-guarded and the bacterial growth is barred. Because of its design, it keeps a small footprint and cools and cleans better.

This article will reflect upon all you have to know concerning a horizontal tank of milk and present its features, benefits, applications, and what sets it apart to be the most popular choice for advanced dairy farms and milk-processing industries.

What Exactly Is a Vertical Milk Storage Tank?

A Vertical Milk Storage Tank is a cylindrical tank designed specifically for the storage of raw and pasteurized milk in a vertical location. Unlike horizontal tanks, their mechanization makes them quite suitable for places where floor space is extremely limited. These tanks are made from very sanitary, super-tough stainless steel.

These tanks are commonly equipped with:

Insulating walls to help keep milk at appropriate temperature

An agitator to keep the milk well mixed

CIP (Clean-In-Place) system for easy sanitation

Temperature controls for precision storage

Why Opt for the Vertical Design?

The vertical configuration in these tanks comes with many advantages over horizontal tanks.

Space efficiency: In plants where ground space is limited, the vertical tanks utilize height instead of width, thereby allowing increased storage in a small area.

Better mixing and cooling: The shape of the tank facilitates good circulation, making it easier on the agitator to mix the milk into individual consistency and on chillers to maintain the set temperature and cool milk uniformly.

Ease of cleaning: Comprehensive cleaning of vertical tanks, using CIP articles is quick due to their straightforward construction.

Economic installations: Since these zones take up significantly fewer square footage, more than one tank can find a space within a particular area compared to the others, thereby cutting down any infrastructural expenditures.

Special Features Regarding Vertical Milk Storage Tanks

1. Material and Construction

These are the stainless steel vertical milk storage tanks, mostly of SS304 or SS316 high quality. The material is impact-free, resistant, and is compatible with food-grade quality.

2. Insulation

Most of these vertical tanks are double-walled, with polyurethane foam insulation filled to stabilize temperature, prevent spoilage, and save energy.

3. Cooling System

Some tanks come with an inbuilt cooling system (direct or indirect cooling); with direct cooling, refrigerant is circulated through the jacket of the tank, while using chilled water or glycol for indirect cooling.

4. Agitators

Agitator systems are set up to prevent cream separation and maintain uniformity.The structures are designed to ensure that milk proteins are not broken down undesirably.

5. The CIP System

Inclusive Clean-in-Place, the system performs all steps required for tank sterilization without uncapping the latter. Hence the Clean-In-Place system promotes hygiene and cuts down on downtimes.

6. Level Indicators & Thermometer

Vertical tanks come furnished with level indicators and digital thermometers for actual knowing the milk level and temperature, which ensures meaningful supervision and real-time follow-up.

Applications of vertical-milk storage tanks

Vertical milk storage tanks are utilized for a whole host of applications across dairy and food sectors such as-

Dairy farms: To collect and store raw milk of cows or buffaloes before transportation.

Milk collection centers: Used for the storage of bulk milk until it is ready for transportation.

Used for pasteurized milk: storage or raw milk used for the manufacture of different milk products like cheese, butter, curd, etc. if any milk processing plant is available.

Centers for cooling purposes: this is to store milk at low temperatures to ensure that each of these milk conditions is maintained before transport.

Vertical Milk Storage Tank offers significant benefits.

1. Better Quality of Milk

Superior insulation coupled with temperature control results in maintaining the freshness of the milk. Gentile milk handling keeps the milk fresh for a longer period, thus preventing spoilage and increasing shelf life.

2. Efficiency in Operations

These vertical tanks lead to excellent workflow efficiency, occupying very little space and being extremely easy to clean. This means reduced labor time and maintenance time.

3. Hygienic Standard Compliance

The use of food-grade materials for the tanks and sanitary fittings maintains compliance with global standards of food safety and hygiene.

4. Energy Savings

Some vertical tanks, while so long and wide, could easily use copious amounts of power and consume significantly into their operational costs. To counteract this, insulated walls coupled with efficient cooling systems diminish the energy consumption associated with these equipments.

5. Scalability

The scalability factor of the vertical tanks provides those tank capacities ranging from few hundred liters up to tens of thousands of liters, causing dairy businesses to scale out as required.

Considerations Before Buying a Upright Milk Storage Tank

Pointers before looking for a vertical milk storage tank:

Capacity Requirement: The capacity required shall be based on the daily milk yield and storage requirements.

Cooling Type: Choose between direct and indirect cooling system based on your facility or your budget.

Level of Automation: A good tank ought to be lighted by a PLC control system with the automatic CIP system along with smart monitoring.

Certification: It needs to be confident that the milk storage tank meets local and international standards for dairy equipment.

Customer Support: Go for a manufacturer that provides customer support right from installation, sales, and after-care.

Maintenance and Cleaning Tips

Follow these cleaning and maintenance tips for the longevity and hygiene of your storage tanks:

Use the approved cleaning agents and clean the CIP system regularly.

Check for any leaks or corrosion, especially around joints and seals.

Calibration of installed temperature sensors and level indicators should be done regularly.

Check the agitator and motor for signs of wear and tear.

It's better to drain and sanitize the tank and piping system before leaving idle for a long period.

Conclusion

There's inarguably a Vertical Milk Storage Tank for you in your dairy investment to improve quality, efficiency, and health standards of the operation. Being unique in the category of space and the edge of insulation, the tank is quite a darling of modern dairy farming and milk-processing environments. Suppose you're still at the start of a mini dairy business, or scaling up to more production, the investment in good operational gear designed with the best vertical tanks will change the game when it comes to your milk handling and storage solutions.

A tank should correspond to vertical type, imperative for the best push-button requirement; ensure it's properly maintained, and it can last for years of ultimate service and efficiency in terms of milk storage.

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Vertical Milk Storage Tank Manufacturers in Pune

Find Vertical Milk Storage Tank Manufacturers in Pune, rupesh Equipment leading Manufacturers/Suppliers/Exporters of Vertical Milk Storage Tank in Pune

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The Importance of Horizontal Milk Storage Tanks in Dairy Operations

Milk storage is perhaps the most critical factor when it comes to the dairy industry. Be it a small dairy farm or a huge milk processing factory, milk should be kept fresh and quality-preserved at all times. Different types of milk storage solutions exist, and among them, the horizontal milk storage tank has kept itself as one of the best due to maximum efficiency, convenience, and reliability. This blog will examine the various advantages, features, applications of the horizontal milk storage tanks, and why most dairy companies prefer them.

What is Horizontal Milk storage tank?

A horizontal milk storage tank is a special type of tank used for the storage of milk to maintain its temperature and hygiene. These tanks are made mainly of stainless steel so that they are more hygienic, corrosion-resistant and durable. Unlike the vertical storage tanks, these tanks, as the name suggests, are ground mounted to serve better stability and very good access for cleaning and maintenance.

Benefits Associated with Horizontal Milk Storage Tanks

Maximum Space Utilization: One of the many advantages attached to a horizontal milk storage tank is the fact that it saves space in the dairy area. They could be housed in dairy facilities having low ceilings from which they can be comfortably selected for use by farms and other processing units that do not have space. It can actually be fitted into different places without compromising on efficiency.

Better StabilityThus, storage of large quantities of milk requires a high level of stability. A balance and stability that is best offered horizontal tanks as opposed to vertical ones is mostly their design prevents them from tipping or becoming imbalanced, thus imparting safety when using such tanks in different dairy areas.

Effective Regulation Of Temperature; Temperature management is quite significant in the quality of milk, and the latest technology horizontal tanks with very good cooling systems maintain the milk at the right temperature, staves off bacteria growth and spoilage. Lots of tanks are insulated within, which saves holding temperature for a longer time, thus eroding energy and operational expenses.

Strength and CleanlinessThis type of horizontal milk storage tank is made of stainless steel. And its properties suggest that it is not very easy to be destroyed or to get dirty and can resist rust. Non-reactivity of stainless steel makes taste and nutrition natural thus creating a good environment for milk storage. Most tanks are designed such that they have an inbuilt CIP (Clean-in-Place) system, which means easy and effective cleaning without dismantling.

Processing of Milk Application Apart from storage, it may also operate milk for processing such as cooling, pasteurization, and agitation. The agitation mechanism of many tanks helps in uniformity maintenance, thus preventing cream formation and achieving consistency in milk quality.

Waste and Spoilage ReductionReverse wastage and spoilage are possible because of the cooling and, hence insulation features of the horizontal milk storage tanks. Proper storage conditions can help in prolonging the milk's shelf life such that dairy businesses can maximize their production efficiency and profitability.

Crucial Characteristics of a Horizontal Milk Storage Tank

Ensure to check for the following indispensable aspects pertaining to your horizontal milk storage tank:

Material: Says premium stainless steel, such as SS 304 or SS 316, for maximum durability and hygiene.

Capacity: Suitable tank capacity based on dairy production requirements.

Insulation: While double-walled insulated tanks may be associated with maintaining the desired temperature, lower energy costs are entailed.

Cooling System: To extend the period within which the milk remains fresh, there must be a cooling system compatible with the tank.

CIP Technology Cleaning System: Cleaning has been and operates for trouble-free access.

Horizontal Milk Storage Tanks Application

Horizontal milk storage tanks can be used for the following dairy works:

Dairy Farms: For Storage of Raw Milk before Transport to Processing Plant.

Units for Milk Processing: During Pasteurization, Cooling, and Quality Maintenance before Packaging.

Cheddar and Yoghurt: Helps with the Fermentation and Storage of Milk before Processing.

Ice Cream: Keeps Fresh Milk Stable and Ready for Use in Ice Cream Applications.

Food and Beverage Sector: An End User of Very Much Used Milk in Processing Plants.

What is the benefit of investing in a horizontal milk storage tank?

Most significantly, a horizontal milk storage tank can improve the efficiency and productivity of your dairy business. And here are just a few of the benefits:

It Ensures Freshness: Temperature control and isolation have a part to play in ensuring the milk's freshness and quality.

It Enhances Efficiency: Fewer manual handling, hence lesser contamination and lower labor cost.

It leads to productivity improvements: Storage and processing of milk is really streamlined, thereby increasing the output.

Adherence to Standards: The modern tanks are compliant with all food safety and hygiene standards, making the storage to be safe.

Conclusion

Horizontal tanks form one of the best investments for any dairy business in efforts to maintain good-quality milk storage. Efficient cooling, stainless steel construction, and easy maintenance; such tanks do offer wonderful price worth solutions for a dairy farmer or processing plant. Investing in a standard milk storage system will thus guarantee freshness in the product, even minimize wastage, and streamline operations going forward.

While you improve your storage systems at your dairy, think about using a horizontal milk storage tank that meets your needs and could help improve your dairy activity in the best possible way towards keeping it on a high quality level.

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Mixing Tank with Agitator by Shree Bhagwati

The Shree Bhagwati Group Mixing Tank with Agitator is a meticulously engineered solution designed for efficient and precise mixing of liquids, semi-solids, and powders. Mixing tanks with agitator are widely utilized across industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food processing, and cosmetics due to their robust construction and versatile features.

Specifications of the Mixing Tank with Agitator

Material Grades:

Stainless Steel: SS304, SS316 for superior corrosion resistance and durability.

Mild Steel: MS2062 for cost-effective applications requiring moderate strength and durability.

Capacity:

Small Tanks: 0-20 L, suitable for laboratory-scale or small-scale production.

Medium Tanks: 20-100 L, 100-500 L, 500-1000 L for mid-sized production requirements.

Large Tanks: 1000-10000 L, >10000 L for high-capacity industrial applications.

Design Orientations:

Vertical Orientation: Perfect for smaller capacities or facilities with specific space constraints.

Horizontal Orientation: Designed for larger capacities, offering easier access for maintenance and operations.

Features:

Low Pressure: 0-10 bar, ideal for processes requiring minimal pressure.

Medium Pressure: 10-15 bar, 15-20 bar for standard industrial applications.

High Pressure: 20-30 bar, 30-40 bar for demanding processes needing higher pressure levels.

Maximum Design Pressure:

Low Pressure: 0-10 bar for gentle mixing operations.

Medium Pressure: 10-15 bar, 15-20 bar for versatile applications.

High Pressure: 20-30 bar, 30-40 bar for intensive processes.

Storage Materials:

Chemicals: Ideal for mixing and storing chemical solutions.

Water: For applications such as water treatment or storage.

Oil: Efficiently handles various types of oils.

Milk: Ensures hygienic and safe mixing for dairy applications.

Applications:

The Mixing Tank with Agitator is suitable for a variety of industrial applications:

Pharmaceuticals: Blending active ingredients and excipients, ensuring homogeneity.

Food Processing: Mixing sauces, creams, and other edible products.

Chemicals: Preparing chemical solutions, emulsions, and dispersions.

Cosmetics: Homogenizing lotions, creams, and other beauty products.

Conclusion:

The Shree Bhagwati Group Mixing Tank with Agitator is a reliable and versatile choice for industries requiring high-precision mixing solutions. With customizable capacities, pressure ratings, and material grades, Mixing tanks with agitator cater to diverse industrial needs. Whether for small-scale production or large industrial processes, these tanks ensure efficiency, durability, and compliance with industry standards.

[ruchi30]

The Ultimate Solution for Dairy Storage: Silo Milk Tanks

Gemak Engineering Solutions aims to stand for the delivery of good silo milk tanks for all kinds of milk storage systems within the dairy industry. Their design is exceptional in having all the requisites to maintain the quality and hygiene of the milk and storage spaces.

Silo Milk Tanks offered by GEMS are made of durable stainless steel for years to come, and are resistant to corrosion. With a sophisticated insulation system, these tanks keep the milk inside well within the optimum temperature, preventing spoilage and preserving the freshness. The vertical design saves space and thus becomes ideal for small dairy farms and milk processing units.

At Gemak Engineering Solutions, we know milk quality is necessary. Our silo milk tanks bear easy-clean design features to meet stringent hygiene requirements. From small dairy farms to large processing plants, we customize the solution according to the need.

Gemak Engineering Solutions is Your partner for quality and reliable silo milk tanks and stands as a benchmark for industries.

[fullyautomaticcomposter]

SS Industrial Storage Tanks: A Vital Component in Modern Industry

Stainless Steel (SS) Industrial Storage Tanks are an essential part of modern industry, serving as secure and reliable containers for storing a variety of liquids, gases, and chemicals. These tanks play a crucial role in industries such as food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, oil and gas, and water treatment, where the storage of sensitive or hazardous materials requires durable, hygienic, and corrosion-resistant solutions.

This article explores the different types, applications, and benefits of SS industrial storage tanks, highlighting their importance in ensuring safe and efficient operations in various industries.

What Are SS Industrial Storage Tanks?

SS Industrial Storage Tanks are made from stainless steel, a material renowned for its strength, corrosion resistance, and hygienic properties. This layer protects the steel from corrosion, making it ideal for storing materials that are corrosive, reactive, or require strict hygiene standards.

SS tanks are available in various sizes and configurations, from small-scale containers for residential or commercial use to large, custom-built industrial tanks that can store thousands of gallons of liquid.

Types of SS Industrial Storage Tanks

Depending on the industry and specific application, different types of SS storage tanks are used. Each type is designed to address unique storage challenges, such as pressure control, temperature fluctuations, or the need for mixing substances.

Vertical Tanks: These tanks stand upright and are typically used for storing large volumes of liquids in factories or warehouses. Their vertical design allows for the efficient use of space, making them a popular choice in industrial settings.

Horizontal Tanks: Horizontal tanks are ideal for applications where vertical space is limited. They are often used in transportation or in situations where the tank needs to be placed beneath other equipment.

Jacketed Tanks: Jacketed tanks feature a double-walled design that allows for the heating or cooling of the material inside. These tanks are widely used in the food and beverage industry, where temperature control is critical, such as in brewing, dairy processing, or chemical manufacturing.

Pressure Tanks: Pressure tanks are built to withstand high-pressure environments, making them suitable for storing gases or liquids under pressure, like in chemical plants or oil refineries.

Mixing Tanks: These tanks are equipped with agitators or mixers that allow for the blending of substances. They are commonly used in industries such as pharmaceuticals, where precise mixing of ingredients is required.

Applications of SS Industrial Storage Tanks

Due to their versatility and reliability, SS industrial storage tanks are used in a wide range of industries. 

Food and Beverage Industry: SS tanks are widely used in the food and beverage sector for storing liquids such as milk, juices, wine, and oils. The non-reactive and hygienic properties of stainless steel make it a safe choice for food-grade applications. In addition, these tanks are often used in the fermentation, pasteurization, and mixing processes.

Chemical Industry: The chemical industry often handles corrosive and hazardous materials that require robust and resistant storage solutions. Chemical storage Tanks are ideal for this purpose, as they can safely store chemicals, solvents, and acids without degrading.

Pharmaceutical Industry: In the pharmaceutical industry, maintaining sterile and contamination-free environments is essential. SS tanks are frequently used to store purified water, raw materials, and finished liquid medications, ensuring that products remain safe and uncontaminated.

Water Treatment: SS tanks are an important component in water treatment facilities, where they are used to store clean water, wastewater, or chemicals used in the purification process. Stainless steel's resistance to corrosion ensures a long service life in these harsh environments.

Oil and Gas Industry: In oil refineries and gas processing plants, SS tanks are used to store crude oil, refined petroleum products, and industrial gases. These tanks are designed to handle high-pressure and high-temperature conditions typical of the energy sector.

Benefits of SS Industrial Storage Tanks

The use of stainless steel in industrial storage tanks offers numerous advantages, contributing to their widespread adoption across industries. Key benefits include:

Corrosion Resistance: One of the primary reasons industries choose SS tanks is their ability to resist corrosion. Whether storing water, chemicals, or food products, stainless steel does not rust or corrode, even when exposed to harsh chemicals or extreme conditions.

Hygienic Properties: Stainless steel is a non-porous material, which means it does not harbor bacteria or mold. This makes SS tanks ideal for industries where cleanliness and hygiene are paramount, such as food production, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

Durability: SS tanks are highly durable and can withstand extreme temperatures, pressure, and mechanical stress. This durability ensures a longer lifespan and fewer maintenance requirements compared to tanks made from other materials, such as plastic or mild steel.

Customizable: Stainless steel tanks can be easily customized to meet the specific needs of various industries. Whether a company requires a small tank for lab use or a massive industrial storage solution, SS tanks can be manufactured in a variety of shapes, sizes, and configurations.

Eco-Friendly: Stainless steel is 100% recyclable, making SS tanks an environmentally friendly option. At the end of their life cycle, SS tanks can be melted down and repurposed without losing their structural integrity or material properties.

Temperature and Pressure Resistance: Stainless steel��s ability to withstand high temperatures and pressures makes it suitable for a wide range of applications, including those in harsh environments like oil refineries or chemical plants.

Conclusion

MS SS Tanks are a critical asset in many industries, offering durability, safety, and flexibility in the storage of liquids, gases, and other materials. Whether it’s ensuring the hygiene of food products, safely storing hazardous chemicals, or maintaining the integrity of pharmaceuticals, stainless steel tanks provide an unmatched combination of strength, resistance to corrosion, and ease of maintenance.

With the growing focus on sustainability, SS tanks also present an eco-friendly solution, ensuring that industries can meet their operational needs while reducing environmental impact. As technology and manufacturing processes continue to evolve, stainless steel storage tanks will remain a cornerstone of industrial storage solutions across the globe.

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What is the Importance of Bulk Milk Cooler?

The Importance of Bulk Milk Cooler are:

Quality Preservation: Milk is highly perishable. Rapid and consistent cooling is crucial for preserving the milk’s freshness and nutritional value. A Bulk Milk Cooler helps in maintaining milk quality by slowing down bacterial growth and enzymatic activity that can lead to spoilage.

Compliance with Regulations: Dairy farms must adhere to stringent health and safety regulations. Bulk milk coolers help farmers comply with these standards by ensuring milk is stored at the correct temperature, thereby meeting regulatory requirements for milk quality and safety.

Operational Efficiency: By cooling milk at the farm, bulk milk coolers reduce the need for immediate transportation to processing facilities. This can minimize the time between milking and processing, contributing to a more efficient overall dairy operation.

Extended Shelf Life: Properly cooled milk has a longer shelf life, reducing waste and improving profitability. Milk that is consistently kept at the right temperature can stay fresh longer, benefiting both the dairy farm and the consumer.

What is a Bulk Milk Cooler?

A bulk milk cooler is a specialized refrigeration unit designed to cool and store milk in large quantities directly at the dairy farm. Unlike smaller, household refrigerators, these coolers are built to handle large volumes of milk, often from multiple cows, and to keep it at a consistent, low temperature to preserve its quality.

How Does It Work?

Initial Cooling: Once milk is collected from the cows, it is transferred into the bulk milk cooler. The cooler uses refrigeration technology to rapidly lower the milk’s temperature from its initial warm state (which is typically around 98.6°F or 37°C) to a cold, optimal storage temperature, usually around 39°F (4°C).

Storage: After the initial cooling phase, the milk is maintained at a constant low temperature to prevent bacterial growth and spoilage. The cooler is equipped with a stirring mechanism that helps to maintain a uniform temperature throughout the milk, ensuring that no part of the milk warms up.

Temperature Control: Bulk milk coolers come with advanced temperature control systems that monitor and adjust the internal temperature. Many modern units have digital controls and alarms that alert farmers if the temperature deviates from the desired range.

Why Bulk Milk Coolers are Essential

Quality Preservation: Milk is highly perishable. Rapid and consistent cooling is crucial for preserving the milk’s freshness and nutritional value. A bulk milk cooler helps in maintaining milk quality by slowing down bacterial growth and enzymatic activity that can lead to spoilage.

Compliance with Regulations: Dairy farms must adhere to stringent health and safety regulations. Bulk milk coolers help farmers comply with these standards by ensuring milk is stored at the correct temperature, thereby meeting regulatory requirements for milk quality and safety.

Operational Efficiency: By cooling milk at the farm, bulk milk coolers reduce the need for immediate transportation to processing facilities. This can minimize the time between milking and processing, contributing to a more efficient overall dairy operation.

Extended Shelf Life: Properly cooled milk has a longer shelf life, reducing waste and improving profitability. Milk that is consistently kept at the right temperature can stay fresh longer, benefiting both the dairy farm and the consumer.

Types of Bulk Milk Coolers

Horizontal Coolers: These coolers are designed with a horizontal tank where milk is stored. They are typically used for larger operations due to their large capacity and efficient cooling systems.

Vertical Coolers: These have a vertical tank and are often used in smaller farms or operations with limited space. They are known for their compact design and ease of use.

Plate Coolers: These are a type of heat exchanger used to pre-cool milk before it enters the bulk milk cooler. Plate coolers are highly efficient and can significantly reduce the energy required for cooling milk.

Conclusion

In summary, bulk milk coolers play a vital role in the dairy industry by ensuring milk is kept at the optimal temperature for quality preservation and regulatory compliance. By understanding how these coolers work, their benefits, and the best practices for maintenance, dairy farmers can enhance their operational efficiency and product quality. Investing in a high-quality bulk milk cooler is not just a matter of convenience; it’s a critical step towards running a successful and sustainable dairy operation.

If you are looking for Best Bulk Cooler Manufacturer and Supplier in India, Look no further than Divyom Processing Machinery & Equipments. Divyom’s Bulk Milk Coolers are reliable and cost-effective solutions for maintaining milk quality. Their coolers also comply with international hygiene standards, making them a preferred choice for the dairy industry across India.

For more details, please contact us!

Website :- www.divyomprocessmachinery.com

Contact No. :- +91–8920336244

Email :- divyom.pme@gmail.com

[lissabella]

The Storage Tank Market is expected to have a CAGR of 3.68% and USD 8.86 Billion by 2032.

Storage tanks are simply containers used to store liquid or semi-solid items, including petroleum, chemicals, milk, water, and petrochemicals. They are available in different shapes such as open top and closed top, flat bottom, vertical and horizontal cylindrical, cone bottom, slope bottom, and dish bottom.

[pureverwatertanks]

Mapping the Top Commercial SS Water Storage Tanks in India

Commercial SS water tanks are large storage containers designed to hold and store water in various commercial and industrial settings. These tanks provide a reliable and accessible water supply for specific applications. Their size and capacity can vary depending on the facility's needs.

Commercial SS water tanks are also made from materials other than steel, such as concrete, fibreglass, or plastic. This depends on the intended use and the properties of the stored water. Let us see the different custom water tanks India.

The Duplex 2205 Stainless Steel Storage Tank

This water tank is made from mighty and robust steel. It is efficiently corrosion-resistant, and it also resists any cracking. Additionally, it also has high pitting resistance. It resists liquids with high chloride content and has a low thermal expansion. The ratio of strength-to-weight is also very high. All these features make the tank reliable and durable.

The thickness of the stainless steel, which makes the water tank, is 3mm. Because of such thickness, the tensile strength increases and does not need grooving. The tanks find their applications in storing milk, water, food, and pharmaceutical liquids. Due to its applications, the tanks are made so that it resists corrosion and cracking.

This is one of those custom water tanks India made to preserve the liquid’s quality through its seven-layer insulation. Each layer contributes to making the water stored in it uncontaminated and hygienic. The tanks can also be customised to be manufactured in different and unique designs and capacities.

The Customised Stainless Steel Square Tanks

The speciality of this tank is that it is budget-friendly, space-saving, lightweight, strong, anti-corrosive, and durable in the sunlight. These tanks comprise five layers, out of which three are made to save energy. Because of these three layers, the tanks maintain a hygienic and resistant inner atmosphere against jarring weather conditions.

This type of tank also includes mounted hooks to ensure a convenient installation process. It holds between 1,000 and 10,000 litres of water according to roof catchment and usage and storage requirements. The other shapes of the water tank apart from square Purever commercial water tanks are:

Horizontal

Vertical

Purever commercial water tanks for hilly areas

All these tanks have similar characteristic features, but their size, capacity, and design may differ according to customisation.

The Tropinox 2205 Stainless Steel Storage Tank

This variation of the stainless-steel Duplex tank has increased nitrogen, molybdenum, chromium, and nickel levels. These tanks have six insulating layers, and 22% of the layer is made from chromium oxide. The tank also has a smooth internal surface tank that fights against limescale deposits. Like the other tanks, this tank is also corrosive-resistant and stress-resistant.

These commercial SS water tanks have a thickness of 1.5mm. This makes them 80% thicker than steel tanks with similar dimensions and capacities. It resists corrosion against elements like chloride and sulphates; it has powerful conductivity and hardness. It also maintains strong water conductivity and water ionic strength.

The Tropinox custom water tanks India have a maintenance hole big enough for manual upkeep and inspection. Thanks to the Purever commercial water tanks like the one mentioned above, good quality storage tanks can be customarily manufactured. Purever is a stainless-steel water tank manufacturer and supplier providing economical, hygienic, best-in-class water tanks. These water tanks are customised to fit all spaces, usages, and requirements.

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Get to know the Best Plastic Storage Tank Manufacturers in India

Tank for storing Milk and NK dairy is a reputable Storage Tank Manufacturers for the dairy industries business that produces and exports milk storage tanks. We offer the highest-grade storage containers that keep milk cold and maintain its quality at 40 °C. Milk is left at room temperature after being extracted at 370 degrees Celsius, but this room temperature and bacterial development will lower the milk's quality. The milk is swiftly cooled to 40 °C in these storage containers. Depending on the volume of milk, these tanks come in a variety of sizes and designs. Storage tanks have many advantages for dairy producers, including the capacity to hold a lot of milk while keeping its quality for a long time.

One of Haryana's most reputable manufacturers of milk storage tanks is Process Engineers and Associates. To prevent contamination during storage, our milk storage tanks are made from food-grade materials. These tanks are necessary for milk storage, processing, and product preservation. To satisfy our clients' various needs, we offer a wide selection of storage tanks. These tanks are a huge hit with our customers thanks to qualities like low maintenance requirements, resistance to corrosion, and simple installation. Because of the superior quality of our Milk Storage Tanks, we have been able to win the trust of many prestigious clients.

By not having to worry about milk storage and bacterial growth in milk at room temperature, producers can save money, time, and upkeep. Features these tanks have a sturdy construction and quicker cooling as a result of the direct expansion. Particular durability Take up the least amount of room feasible. User-friendly digital temperature controller considering energy types of milk storage containers there are numerous tank varieties, each with a unique size and shape.

Tanks that are horizontal vertical tanks for storing there are two distinct storage tank types according on capacity: 2000 LTR of rice and 5000 LTR of storage tanks the cost of these storage tank varies depending on their size and capacity. Storage tanks are sold at various costs in the market. Because we value enduring partnerships with our customers, we provide the tanks at competitive costs. We work hard to produce products of the highest caliber in compliance with international standards while keeping costs reasonable so that customers can afford durable designs. Click here to learn more and to request a free quote. 

Salient Features of Our Milk Storage Tank:

Abrasion Resistance - These tanks are extremely abrasion-resistant because to the material they are composed of, which is also quite robust. So, if you want, try them under those circumstances.

Easy To Install - These tanks may be put in practically any type of location and are simple to instal.

Low Maintenance - These tanks require relatively little upkeep. You don't have to put in a lot of work to keep them in good shape and working properly.

Place Your Order Right Now!

One of the most reliable exporters and suppliers of stainless steel milk storage tanks in India is our business. Call us right now to make your order if you want our superior-quality Storage Tank Manufacturers so this is the right place for you.

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The Importance of Silo Milk Tanks in Modern Dairy Farming

Introduction

The dairy industry has observed significant changes over the years. Therefore, it is imperative to store raw milk properly for increasing quality, safety, and efficiency. A Silo Milk Tank is a storage tank that is designed for storage of a large amount of milk, ensuring that the milk is not only kept fresh but most importantly safe.Dairy tanks or Silo milk tanks make milk stand perfectly for its next processing stage or further flow while they could exclusively be situated in a dairy farm or near a milk factory. I'll look at all technical aspects as well as advantages and innovations that Silo Milk Tanks offer to the modern showery dairy farming.

What is a Silo Milk Tank?

A Silo Milk Tank is a vertical, insulated storage tank used for storing large volumes of milk at regulated temperatures. Unlike the conventional horizontal milk tanks, silo tanks are taller and utilize less acreage, hence perfect for farmsteads and allied dairy industries with constrained floor acreage. The tanks have tough cooling and agitation systems and devices to inhibit bacterial growth and retain high milk quality.

Special Features in Silo Milk Tanks

1. First-Class Build

On putting Silo milk tanks into perspective, the standard tube design is the most often used. It is stainless steel that ensures longevity, anti corrosiveness by oxidation, and bacteria inhibitions. The use of stainless steel maintains product purity for dairy products. The tube design also makes the tank simple to clean.

2. Temperature Control and Cooling System

Protection of tanked milk for storage is of the essence. It's possible to keep tanked milk uniform, cool, and automatically with such an automatic cooling cycle; the milk could be kept at say 3-4°C. Some tanks integrate Glycol cooling owing to extra efficiency.

3. Space Efficiency

The vertical height of the silo milk tanks invalidates placing milk tanks in a line in the milk plant and demands otherwise significant space to a horizontal place. They are the best for those who feel they have a small area within their milk plant.

4. The Agitator

In modern silo tanks, low-speed sweep agitators circumvent cream separation and assure homogeneous consistency in the final product withhold high-quality parameters.

5. Automation and Intelligent Monitoring

Undoubtedly, silo milk tanks are modern devices, which are greatly automated. A digital monitoring system keeps track of temperature, milk levels, and other relevant parameters in real time. In the case of abnormality, the monitor will inform the dairy operation in time to take necessary remedial measures.

6. CIP Implementation

Hygiene is the battle won through cleanliness on the dairy farm. Silo milk tanks have a CIP (cleaning-in-place) system, making them easy to maintain clean.

Pros for the Use of a Silo Milk Tank

1. Lengthen the Shelf Life

With their advanced cooling mechanism, a Silo Milk Tank has been guaranteed to ensure the milk that is put inside stays as fresh as when it was milked without promoting the growth of bacteria and spoilage.

2. More Capacity for Storage

As a silo milk tank can hold up to thousands of liters of milk which is way more than what could be stored by a mere tank of any other sort, these are ideal for large dairy farms and milk processing entities.

3. Initially, more Energy Efficient

Silo milk tanks are made to consume energy, hence reducing the power consumption and keeping the dairy farmer's operational cost lean.

4. Hygienic, Enhancing the Safety of Milk

Among the numerous embraced safe health status: silo milk tanks contain food-grade sector or stainless steel, thus making safe for milk storage. The tanks are air-tight, thus keeping inside air pollutants such as dust, bacteria, insects-the basic enemies affecting quality of milk at bay.

5. Optimal Ground Use

Because of the vertical nature of a silo construction, one can obtain almost uninterruptedly large quantities of storage space per unit footprint, which is highly desirable for dairy installations with minimal space.

6. Reduced Sources of Milk Wastage

Their operation and design principles of maintaining steady temperature conditions and the exclusion of all spoilage are aiding for the reduction of milk wastage, which is also rewarded by the revenue from the sale money that boosts the dairy-alpha productivity-even further.

7. Exacerbated Efficiency in the Value Chain

The massive capacity for food storage and the precise temperature control make silo milk tanks indispensable to deliver clean and hygienic milk supply chain from farm to processing plant.

Application of the Silo Milk Tanks

1- Dairy Farms

Big dairy farms use these silos to store milk kindly before moving it for processing.

2- Milk Processing Plants

In the milk processing industry, raw milk is temporarily held in these silos for processing such as pasteurization, packing, and distribution.

3- Dairy Cooperatives

Cooperatives where milk from several farmers is collected may already envision the benefit of silo milk tanks here.

4- Food & Beverage Industry

Looking beyond the dairy farm, the food and beverage company uses these tanks for raw milk storage to use as a base material for dairy products.

Things to ponder while opting for a siloed storage system for milk.

1. Size

Fine-tune their volume-conditioned production-load of milk and go with the tank capacity matching your needs as such; sizes vary from 5,000 liters to over 50,000 liters.

2. Construction

If the structure carrying your byproduct is stainless steel, then you may well trust your piece for resilience and duration. With alternative characteristics, 316 stainless steel is higher in quality than SS 304.

3. Coldness Suppression

Is the effective cooling technique adaptable for keeping the temperature of reposed milk on check and holding power use at a minimum?

4. Automation and Monitoring

An automated facility to take charge of temperature, milk level, and washing cycles may be your favored siloconservers.

5. Ease of Cleaning and Maintenance

A tank that putting a CIP is to be groomed in order to be simple for maintenance and therefore hygiene assurance.

Conclusion

Siloed milk storage is viewing its introduction to the world and has come consistent with the entire vision of modern-day dairy farming and milk processing. With its sophisticated chilling technologies, huge storage capacity, and automation facility, a silo milk tank should be considered a precious investment for dairy farmers, processing plants, and cooperatives alike. Furthermore, investment in the best quality could promise better life for milk and set the dairy business on a better footing when looking at some of the milky ways to preserve moisture, reduce wastage, and provide for maximal profit.

The silo milk tank is the optimal solution for dairy operations looking to perfect their milk storage solution. Offering the gift of preserving and maintaining the product during and after production for topmost milk quality, the milk tank would provide the finest returns on money.

[3d-labs-blog]

Dairy Product Processing Tanks

https://www.3d-labs.com/

Milk tanks are insulated storage tanks for unprocessed raw milk. This is generally stored in large vertical tanks (silos) up to approximately 500m3. By means of side entry agitators, raw milk is kept in motion in order to prevent cream from forming. An angled bottom ensures good outflow. In dairy farming a bulk milk cooling tank is a large storage tank for cooling and holding milk at a cold temperature until it can be picked up by a milk hauler. The bulk milk cooling tank is an important piece of dairy farm equipment.

[sribrothersenterprises]

We are a manufacturer of bulk milk coolers. it is used for chilling the milk in bulk quantity. it is used in restaurants, hotels, dairy, etc. It is available in various sizes 100ltr, 250 ltr, 500 ltr, 1000ltr, 1500 ltr, 2000 ltr, and 25000 ltr.

Bulk milk cooler is also known as a bulk milk chiller, consisting of an inner and an outer tank, both made of high-quality stainless steel SS-304.

It is a large storage tank for cooling and holding milk at a cold temperature (4 degrees) until it can be picked up by a milk hauler. The bulk milk cooling tank is an important piece of dairy farm equipment. It is usually made of stainless steel SS-304 and used every day to store the raw milk on the farm in good condition. It must be cleaned after each milk collection.

The space between the outer tank and the inner tank is isolated with puff. In case of any power failure, the temp of bulk milk cooler will maintain the milk temp, 4 degrees temp, for 24 hours. A milk cooling tank usually stands on 4, 6, or 8 adjustable legs.

Size are Available - 

100 Ltr, 250 ltr, 500 ltr, 1000 ltr r, 1500 ltr, 2000 ltr, 2500 ltr, 3000 ltr, 5000 Ltr

Customers can customize bulk milk chiller as per need.

Feature of Bulk milk coolers.

Less time in cooling.

less consumption of electricity.

Pure SS-304 Material

Digital temp display

Temp 4 degrees Celcius.

100% Genuine spare parts.

Made in India, 100% in-house manufacturing.

High-quality dimple plate.

Puff insulated

If any case of light failure, it maintains 4 degrees temp within 24 Hours.

Types of bulk milk coolers.

Open top vertical cylindrical design bulk milk cooler

Semi cylindrical Horizontal design bulk milk cooler

Fully enclosed design Bulk milk cooler

[blogmodern742]

Palatek 15d Manual

Beechcraft Baron Shop Manual 55-590000-13E17 as revised 28 October 1999. Section 3, for model 55 and 58 series; or Baron Maintenance Manual 102-. Palatek 25d Service Manual. D Series 15 - 40 HP Compressors. The advantages of owning a. Sullivan-Palatek Rotary Screw. LITERATURE Click here for our Product Line Sheet Industrial Electric Air Compressors C-Series 5, 7.5, 10HP C-Series 15, 20, 25, 30HP M-Series 5, 7.5, 10HP DCDD-Series 15, 20, 25, 30HP.

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Sullivan Palatek 15d Manual

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Russell Finex Self Cleaning Vertical ECO Filter

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[thatpersonrightbehindyou]

quilt, bonfire & cider!

quilt - how do you take your tea (or coffee)?

Tea, I take it milk no sugar as standard, strong as possible but preferably without the teabag still in the cup. One teaspoon sugar if I’ve had a shock or I feel I need the reassurance, half a sugar if I’m having a day of it and multiple cups of tea. Strong sweet tea in a battered mug is the hedge magic of mending and supporting the broken and unsettled. I’ll drink green tea if it’s what I’m offered, and I’ll give berry teas a go, but flower teas tend to make me anxious because my hayfever takes about half an hour to kick in if I drink it.

Coffee I don’t really drink unless I need the caffine and can’t obtain an energy drink. Milk, no sugar, I enjoy it but I look like I’m sucking lemons so I avoid it to avoid peoples reactions. My usual from coffee bars is hot chocolate (with marshmallows, no extra sugar), but from time to time I’ll have a chai latte, sugar optional.

bonfire - describe your dream house. 

It’s got at least one floor above ground level and one below, with a staircase by the door, but each full floor has a bathroom and basic pantry/plate cupboard/cutlery side room, and there’s a lift between them all. Storage points like loft/attic or basement don’t need the kitchenette, but at least a toilet and sink for the basement, and everything can be reached by lift or flat area. Ideally a small footprint, with verticality allowing for a sizeable living space for myself, any family (found or bonded) I live with, and at least one guest suite and/or granny flat. Preferably both, so I can offer more than just a couch to mates in need without interfering with Familial Obligations to put up anyone who turns up.

The roof is a mixture of garden and solar panels, both of which continue for the exterior of the house. There’s a small-ish pool in among the plants, big enough to swim laps or circuits, preferably freshwater so the plants can use it for irrigation. If I’ve returned to this beautiful shithole of a town, or somewhere similarly breezy, I might set up a couple of small turbines as well. I’d like to be either off-grid or selling to the grid, electricity-wise, so I’d need a backup generator (kinetic if they’ve advanced that far, I’m fine enough to exercise bike for my fridge and whatever). Rainwater is collected and stored in an underground rainwater tank, and if it‘s rural a deep bore well to the water table for summer, but if I’m in suburban or urban living I’m pretty sure that’s against a ton of bylaws so I’ll just keep a connection to the mains water in case. Big cities aside, it’s still free in NZ, just a part of the general land/house ownership rates rather than a flexible bill.

There’s a bath in at least the bathroom on the floor I have my bedroom on, and it’s a nice big one. One I can get my shoulders and knees under the waterline of and relax. Lots of cabinets for all the Lush shit I’ll have bought. Every bathroom has a walk-in shower, excepting potentially the bath bathroom/s if space is an issue. Multiple hot water tanks used by need (one always hot, if usage goes above whatever% start heating the next one, rinse & repeat), lots of plants and windows. Windows being eye level and above only, though, not exactly an exhibitionist.

Each area has a slightly different theme- some of it elegant and gothic, some of it kzitchy and early 90s, some of it zeerust and futurepunk, some of it soft and gentle, whatever. Each room is decorated differently from its similarly-assigned rooms (eg. each bathroom is different, each bedroom is different, ect.) but there’s an air of practicality about everything.

Storage and display is built into everywhere it can be, and every drawer and shelf can be removed by itself for cleaning or redecorating or searching. My room has dragons and plushies and Nerf weaponry. The hallways have books on all sorts of things.

Wall sockets are everywhere.

cider - a food that you disliked as a child but now enjoy? 

is energy drinks a food

autumnal asks

[cosimaballettithomas-blog]

Blog No. 10

This week focused on the function and role of soil in the environment as one of the most essential natural capitals on earth (Prof’s PowerPoint). While soil is renewable, the formation of a single centimeter takes hundreds of years (Miller 2012, 284). Chiefly, soil consists of rock, water, minerals, gases, nitrogen, phosphorus, and biomass (Prof’s PowerPoint). Some services provided by soil include the supplying of nutrients essential to plant growth, water purification, water storage, and carbon sequestration. Because soil is required by plants, it is also indirectly required by animals. The film Symphony of the Soil puts it perfectly: “We don’t grow plants we grow soil, and soil grows plants” (Symphony of Soil 2013). Although aphoristic, there is actually a depth of insight to this, we see farmers as people working with the earth, tilling and subduing it to produce commodities when in reality, soil does most of the work, and without it agriculture would not be possible, let alone life on earth. One really interesting part of the film was the farmer in California who describes how instantly evident the effects of switching his cattle to an organic diet were on the land, now fertilized by waste no longer contaminated by pesticides and other artificial chemicals that had literally been suffocating the grass underneath (Symphony of Soil 2013). The film furthers that “if we declared a war against the soil itself, then we [would] literally [be] committing a species level suicide.” In a sense, by ignoring climate change and going about our business as usual, we are declaring war against the earth and the soil as the building blocks of life on earth and without which we could not survive. The environmental impacts on soil caused by our unsustainable practices are copious, including top soil erosion, drought, crop failure and increased pest populations. Top soil erosion is a major issue given that it takes so long to regenerate. It is generally caused by flowing water which “carries away particles of topsoil that have been loosened by rainfall,” which is one reason why tropical rainforests have the least fertile soil out of all the biomes. Wind can also blow topsoil away largely occurring in dry, flat regions. Lastly, farming, deforestation, and overgrazing all contribute to soil erosion as they wipe out vegetation that holds soil in place (Miller 2012, 290).

Although we cannot replicate soil, we have discovered a way to produce food without it: hydroponic farming. An Environmental News Network article titled “Indoor Farming Takes Root at University of Toronto” discusses the mechanics behind hydroponic agriculture, or rather hydroculture that uses a “nutrient solution, instead of soil” (pictured below). “The water nourishes the roots, collects in a gutter and then recirculates back to a nutrient tank that feeds back into the hydroponic system” (ENN 2017). Unlike traditional commercial agriculture, which degrades soil and uses a colossal amount of water, hydroponic farming produces no waste when everything that is used is reused. Hydroponic farming can and should be employed everywhere because it can produce niche crops that cater to climate and culture. Another benefit of hydroponic farming is that it takes place inside a greenhouse thus minimizing land use. Moreover, “yields and availability are increased because crops are grown year round, regardless of weather conditions” which could help to bring many people out of poverty and in general provide healthy and nutritious food at all times (Miller 2012, 282). Moreover, hydroponic farming can occur in cities in the form of vertical farming by building greenhouses on rooftops. Another benefit is that, because greenhouse conditions are controlled, there is less risk of pests which eliminates the need for pesticides. Lastly, there is no threat of soil erosion or buildup of harmful chemicals and pesticides because neither are needed in the first place (Miller 2012, 282).

                                                                                         (Organic Authority 2017)

I think vertical farming in general, whether it be hydroponic farming or simply having a rooftop garden is becoming increasingly popular as the climate crisis persists. As discussed in Food Inc., if everyone knew where their food was coming from and how it is produced, many would be less inclined to eat it (Kenner 2009). That film was released ten years ago, and now far more people are aware that the food industry is not only cruel and inhumane to animals but is essentially poisoning people by using the cheapest ingredients available. Moreover, the unhygienic living conditions in which livestock are forced into leads to the spread of disease and ultimately affects the food that we eat. The film mentions a few, most notably salmonella and E.coli (Kenner 2009). Not to mention the huge environmental impacts of agriculture which has “the largest ecological footprint of any human activity and accounts for 25% of world greenhouse gas emissions” (Prof’s PowerPoint). I really believe that these films have been very effective in making people to want to change their diets. I actually decided to become vegetarian after seeing this film when it first came out as well as after reading Jonathan Safran Foer’s Eating Animals which was published around the same time. A former professor of mine, Dickson Despommier, who coined the term “vertical farming” believes that it is largely the answer to our food problems. I think this is reaching, especially considering that most of the world’s food problems exist in less developed countries largely due to overpopulation and rapid urbanization and where vertical farming simply could not produce enough food to sustain so many people. However, I think the concept is worth exploring more, not as the answer to all of our problems but as a tactic for reducing dependence on factory farming, localizing food, encouraging healthy eating, and reducing transportation from imports/exports and trips to grocery stores, especially in low income neighborhoods lacking local stores with fresh produce. It obviously would not hurt to implement vertical farming in less developed countries, and I think we should absolutely provide the materials and funding to build and operate greenhouses; however, the global food crisis is also a social and environmental crisis rooted in depleted resources (beyond soil) and unstable government systems as well as powerful corporations that support poverty by producing in those countries and refusing to raise wages. Thus, even if we built a greenhouse in every community, most people would not be able to afford to buy the fresh produce. Not to mention the revenue that is generated for less developed countries by allowing industries to produce crops and other commodities there.

In response to the Critical Thinking Question: “Is the food Americans eat really “food” anymore (from nature), but rather a man-made, industrially processed product/artifact in the Anthropocene?” I would argue that, for the most part, it isn’t (Prof’s PowerPoint). Of course there are levels to this, packaged food is obviously fake compared to fresh produce; however, just as Food Inc. explains, even something as wholesome as an apple has an entire backstory that we consumers have no conception of, we don’t know where it came from, who made it, the working conditions under which it was produced, what chemicals it was treated with, etc. I remember reading a study conducted years ago where an average American was fed a hunter gatherer diet and within a week they regained all of the healthy bacteria necessary to proper digestion which we have lost over the years as we have moved away from this lifestyle. As expounded on in “Symphony of Soil” we’ve come to associate soil with dirt and thus see it as something undesirable when in reality soil contains the necessary nutrients to literally support every form of life. Diets based solely on packaged and artificial food cannot possibly contain the necessary and inherent minerals and elements within and provided by soil. The hunter gatherer diet was rooted in a relationship between body and earth and sustained humans for ages without being any tilling, plowing, or chemical spraying. It should come as no surprise that indigestion is such a nationwide epidemic, as are other conditions such as IBS, Crohn's, and Lactose Intolerance, which I personally think is our body’s way of telling us that the only humans that are supposed to be drinking milk are infants, and even then, milk produced by their own species. The same can be said about our obsession with products like Hand Sanitizer which, although serves the purpose of killing off any harmful bacteria in the dirt and other natural surroundings consequentially kills the far more abundant bacteria necessary to immune health. 

The film Fed Up discusses obesity and the fault of the food industry for creating the epidemic by making us addicted to the chemicals it loads into our food products. The film predicts that in two decades “over 95% of all Americans will be overweight or obese” and “by 2050, 1 out of every 3 Americans will have diabetes,” and the food industry only serves to benefit from this (Fed Up 2014). In a way, the food industry and government that has failed to regulate it properly are killing Americans. And while it is the individual who makes the conscious decision to those foods, for many Americans who live in food deserts and low-income neighborhoods with little access to grocery stores and fresh produce that naturally contains essential nutrients courtesy of soil, they have no choice but to buy artificial and fast food that is inexpensive and accessible.

Word Count: 1558

Discussion Question: Do you think one can truly be an environmental advocate if they consume  meat, given that the industry consumes vast sums of water, degrades soil by overgrazing and other activities, and emits a huge percentage of greenhouse gases?

Work Cited

Van Buren, Edward. “Prof’s PowerPoint Notes.” https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BzKbjVLpnX0RMjVGYUwwZlBXa28/view

Miller, Tyler G., and Scott Spoolman. "Chapter 12: Food, Soil, and Pest Management." Edited by Scott Spoolman. In Living in the Environment. 17th ed. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, 2012.

Garcia, Deborah. “Symphony of Soil.” Amazon Video. April 22, 2013.

ENN. "Indoor Farming Takes Root at University of Toronto - Mississauga." Environmental News Network. March 16, 2017. https://www.enn.com/articles/50812-indoor-farming-takes-root-at-university-of-toronto---mississauga-.

Monaco, Emily. "Hydroponic Farming Startup Wants to Build a Vertical Farm in Every Major City on the Planet." Organic Authority. November 15, 2017. https://www.organicauthority.com/buzz-news/hydroponic-farming-startup-wants-to-build-a-vertical-farm-in-every-major-city-worldwide.

Kenner, Robert. "Food Inc." YouTube. June 09, 2009. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IJDGUxqEdYY.

RADiUS. “Fed Up.” YouTube. April 09, 2014. https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=69&v=aCUbvOwwfWM.