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floramyecbd-blog · 4 years

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Does CBD Help

The CBD industry is flourishing, conservatively projected to strike $16 billion in the United States by 2025. Already, the plant extract is being added to cheeseburgers, toothpicks and breath sprays. More than 60 percent of CBD users have taken it for anxiety, according to a study of 5,000 individuals, conducted by the Brightfield Group, a cannabis marketing research firm. Persistent discomfort, sleeping disorders and depression follow behind. Kim Kardashian West, for instance, relied on the product when "going crazy" over the birth of her 4th baby. The professional golfer Bubba Watson drifts off to sleep with it. And Martha Stewart's French bulldog engages, too.

What is CBD? Cannabidiol, or CBD, is the lesser-known child of the cannabis sativa plant; its more famous brother or sister, tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, is the active ingredient in pot that catapults users' "high." With roots in Central Asia, the plant is believed to have actually been initially utilized medicinally-- or for routines-- around 750 B.C., though there are other quotes too.

Cannabidiol and THC are simply 2 of the plant's more than 100 cannabinoids. THC is psychoactive, and CBD Elixir may or might not be, which refers argument. THC can increase anxiety; it is unclear what effect CBD is having, if any, in lowering it. THC can result in dependency and cravings; CBD is being studied to assist those in healing. Marijuana including 0.3 percent or less of THC is hemp. Although in 2015's Farm Costs legalized hemp under federal law, it also preserved the Fda's oversight of products originated from cannabis.

What are the claims? CBD is marketed as providing relief for stress and anxiety, anxiety and trauma. It is likewise marketed to promote sleep. Part of CBD's popularity is that it professes to be "nonpsychoactive," which consumers can reap health gain from the plant without the high (or the midnight pizza munchies).

Just as hemp seedlings are growing up throughout the United States, so is the marketing. From oils and nasal sprays to lollipops and suppositories, it seems no location is too sacred for CBD. "It's the monster that has actually taken over the space," Dr. Brad Ingram, an associate teacher of pediatrics at the University of Mississippi Medical Center, stated about all the wild usages for CBD now. He is leading a scientific trial into administering CBD to kids and teens with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Does CBD work? " It's appealing in a lot of various restorative opportunities due to the fact that it's fairly safe," said James MacKillop, co-director of McMaster University's Michael G. DeGroote Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research Study in Hamilton, Ontario.

Last year, the F.D.A. authorized Epidiolex, a purified CBD Elixir extract, to treat unusual seizure disorders in clients 2 years or older after three randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled medical trials with 516 clients that showed the drug, brought with other medications, assisted to decrease seizures. These kinds of studies are the gold requirement in medication, in which individuals are divided by possibility, and neither the subject nor the detective understands which group is taking the placebo or the medication.

While there is hope for treating other conditions with the plant extract, Epidiolex remains the only CBD-derived drug approved by the F.D.A. Most of the research study on cannabidiol has been in animals, and its current popularity has outpaced science. "We do not have the 101 course on CBD quite determined yet," said Ryan Vandrey, an associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.

Does CBD help anxiety and PTSD? For students with generalized social stress and anxiety, a four-minute talk, with very little time to prepare, can be disabling. Yet a small experiment in the journal Neuropsychopharmacology found that CBD appeared to minimize uneasiness and cognitive disability in clients with social anxiety in a simulated public speaking job.

Nevertheless, a double-blind study discovered healthy volunteers administered CBD had little to no change in their emotional reaction to unpleasant images or words, compared to the placebo group. "If it's a soothing drug, it ought to alter their reactions to the stimuli," stated Harriet de Wit, co-author of the research study and a teacher in the University of Chicago's department of psychiatry and behavioral neuroscience. "However it didn't.".

Numerous soldiers return house haunted by war and PTSD and typically prevent certain activities, places or people associated with their distressing events. The Department of Veterans Affairs is moneying its first research study on CBD, pairing it with psychiatric therapy.

" Our top therapies attempt to break the association in between tips of the injury and the worry reaction," stated Mallory Loflin, an assistant adjunct teacher at the University of California, San Diego and the research study's primary private investigator. "We think that CBD, at least in animal designs, can assist that procedure occur a lot much faster." While large clinical trials are underway, psychologists say there isn't compelling evidence yet as to whether this is a feasible treatment.

Does CBD help sleep and anxiety? Up in the wee hours of the night, stuck seeing videos of puppies? CBD may be appealing as a sleep help; one of the negative effects of the Epidiolex trials for epilepsy was sleepiness, according to Mr. MacKillop, a co-author of an evaluation on cannabinoids and sleep. "If you are trying to find brand-new treatments for sleep, that might be a hint," he said. But he cautions that the side effects could have been because of an interaction with other medications the children were requiring to manage the seizures. So far, there hasn't been a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial (the gold standard) on sleep disorders and CBD.

[Stressed-out moms and dads are offering it a shot.] A current chart evaluation of 72 psychiatric patients treated with CBD discovered that stress and anxiety improved, but not sleep. "Over all, we did not find that it worked out as a beneficial treatment for sleep," stated Dr. Scott Shannon, assistant scientific teacher of psychiatry at the University of Colorado, Denver and the lead author of the evaluation in The Permanente Journal.

Sleep can be interrupted for numerous reasons, including depression. Rodents appeared to adapt better to demanding conditions and displayed less depressive-like behavior after taking CBD, according to a review in Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. "Remarkably, CBD seems to act faster than conventional antidepressants," wrote one of the authors of a new evaluation, Sâmia Joca, a fellow at the Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies in Denmark and an associate professor at the University of São Paulo in Brazil, in an e-mail interview. Obviously, it's tough to spot anxiety in animals, but the studies that Ms. Joca and her coworkers reviewed suggested that in models of persistent stress direct exposure, the mice and rats treated with CBD were more durable.

However without clinical trials in people, psychologists state CBD's result on anxiety is still a hypothesis and not an evidence-based treatment.

Is CBD harmful? " If you take pure CBD, it's pretty safe," stated Marcel Bonn-Miller, an adjunct assistant teacher at the University of Pennsylvania's Perelman School of Medication. Negative effects in the Epidiolex trial consisted of diarrhea, drowsiness, tiredness, weak point, rash, reduced appetite and raised liver enzymes. Likewise, the safe total up to consume in a day, or at all throughout pregnancy, is still not understood. Recently, the F.D.A. sent a caution letter to Curaleaf Inc. about its "unsubstantiated claims" that the plant extract deals with a variety of conditions from family pet anxiety and anxiety to cancer and opioid withdrawal. (In a statement, the company stated that some of the items in question had actually been discontinued and that it was working with the F.D.A.).

Dr. Smita Das, chair of the American Psychiatric Association's Council on Dependency Psychiatry's cannabis work group, does not recommend CBD for stress and anxiety, PTSD, sleep or anxiety. With clients turning to these to unproven items, she is fretted that they may postpone looking for suitable psychological healthcare: "I'm dually worried about how exposure to CBD products can lead somebody into continuing to marijuana products.".

Some CBD products might include undesirable surprises. Forensic toxicologists at Virginia Commonwealth University analyzed nine e-liquids marketed as being one hundred percent natural CBD extracts. They discovered one with dextromethorphan, or DXM, used in over-the counter cough medications and thought about addictive when abused; and 4 with a synthetic cannabinoid, often called Spice, that can trigger stress and anxiety, psychosis, tachycardia and death, according to a research study in 2015 in Forensic Science International.

Earlier research study found fewer than a 3rd of 84 items studied included the amount of CBD on their labels. Some users of CBD have actually likewise failed drug tests when the product included more THC than suggested.

This year, 1,090 people have actually gotten in touch with poison control focuses about CBD, according to the American Association of Toxin Control Centers. Over a third are approximated to have gotten medical attention, and 46 were admitted into an important care system, possibly because of exposure to other items, or drug interactions. In addition, issue over 318 animals poured into the American Society for the Avoidance of Cruelty to Animals' Animal Poison Control Center.

Is CBD a fraud or not? A few drops of CBD oil in a mocha or healthy smoothie are not likely to do anything, researchers contend. Physicians say another force may also be at play in individuals feeling good: the placebo result. That's when somebody believes a drug is working and symptoms appear to improve.

" CBD is not a fraud," stated Yasmin Hurd, director of the Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai in New York City who led a double-blind study of 42 recovering heroin addicts and found that CBD reduced both yearnings and cue-based stress and anxiety, both of which can cycle individuals back into utilizing. "It has a possible medicinal value, however when we are putting it into mascara and putting it into tampons, for God's sake, to me, that's a fraud.".

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liliannorman · 5 years

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Help for a world drowning in microplastics

Look around you. How many plastic items do you see? If you are like most people, there are probably a lot.

Research shows that people recycle only nine percent of plastic wastes. The rest — water bottles, pens, shopping bags — can end up in our water, air and soil. Exposed to light and waves, plastic breaks down into teeny-tiny bits. Known as microplastics, they have become a growing concern. That’s partly because when they end up in the environment, they also can end up in animals, our food and our drinking water.

The most recent estimate suggests that Americans alone eat or drink some 70,000 of these polluting microplastic bits each year.

Discarded plastic is not the only source of them. Some bits are made on purpose, for use in skin-care products and toothpaste. They’re used to scrub away dead skin and cavity-causing material on teeth. When we shower or rinse our mouths, those microplastics go down the drain. From there, they end up in our waterways.

Researchers have even shown that washing clothes made of fleece and other types of plastic sheds bits of lint. Those fibers also go down the drains and into the water.

Scientists began reporting microplastics in the ocean as far back as the 1970s. Since then, several hundred studies have shown that microplastics taint the environment. This includes the world’s oceans, lakes and rivers.

But research is underway to slow the growth of this pollution — and perhaps clean up some of what’s already out there.

The problem with plastics

Our drinking water comes from lakes, rivers and groundwater aquifers. Any of these may be tainted with microplastics. Our bodies will pee out plastics we’ve ingested, but no one knows how long it takes for them to move through the body, says Sam Athey. She studies sources of microplastics at the University of Toronto in Canada. The longer microplastics stay in our bodies, she says, the greater our exposure to them.

Scientists Say: Microplastic

Researchers don’t yet know the risks, says Athey. But she finds reasons to be cautious. One is that plastic is made from oil and includes many different petroleum-based ingredients. Scientists don’t yet know how many of these might be toxic.

Ingredients in some plastics, such as polyvinyl chloride, can cause cancer. And phthalates (THAAL-aytes) — used to soften some types of plastics — can mimic the activity of hormones. These false hormones can cause unexpected changes in how cells grow and develop. Such changes may lead to disease.

Plastic also can soak up pollution like a sponge. The pesticide DDT and PCBs (a type of insulating fluid) are two types of toxic pollution found in plastics floating in the ocean.

Plastic bits also have been turning up in fish, birds, corals and other aquatic animals. That’s a problem because plastic does not provide the energy and nutrients these creatures need to grow and thrive.

The case for saying no to plastic

The simple solution is to not buy plastic items, says Peter Kershaw. He is an independent marine scientist who lives in Norwich, England. He wrote a 2018 report for the United Nations on alternatives that could help reduce plastic litter in the ocean.

“Ask yourself,” he says: “Do I really need that plastic bag to carry my shopping home?” Or do you really need a plastic straw to drink your soda or milk?

Straws make up a lot of the plastic trash found washed up on ocean coasts and lakeshores. One way to cut down on your plastic use is to avoid straws (if you are able to drink without one).Chemist 4 U/Flickr (CC BY 2.0)

The leaders of some countries also have been asking that question. They’ve decided the answer is “no” and have banned single-use plastic items. These are things, such as packaging, that we use once and then throw away.

Bangladesh, Kenya and New Zealand are three countries that have banned plastic bags. Some U.S. cities and a few states also have banned them. Representing 28 countries, the European Parliament has agreed to ban nearly a dozen single-use plastics by 2021. Europe’s ban includes single-use cutlery, plates, straws and drink stirrers. Canada announced a plan to ban these, too, by 2021.

Such bans are a good start. But scientists say people must do more.

The promise and peril of biodegradable materials

One strategy is to find alternatives to conventional plastics. Some companies are starting to replace single-use plastic items with biodegradable alternatives. These new products are designed to break down into harmless chemicals.

Materials decay when microbes feed on them, breaking big molecules into smaller, simpler ones (such as carbon dioxide and water). Other living things can then feed on these breakdown products to grow.

This environmental activist calls himself the Bag Monster. He posed for the camera at the Oceans Conference in New York City in June 2017. His suit illustrates how many plastic bags an individual shopper might use in a year.Peter Kershaw

Traditional plastic takes a very long time to decay. That’s because it’s made from petroleum, and few microbes choose to eat that. Biodegradable plastic, in contrast, is made from biological materials on which many microbes happily dine. These range from trees, sugarcane and corn stalks to shrimp shells.

But there is a problem with such materials, says Kershaw. They decay only at very high temperatures — typically 50º Celsius (122º Fahrenheit). Plus, those high temperatures must be maintained for several weeks for microbes to do their job.

Some cities have industrial compost systems that meet those conditions. But many do not. Instead, biodegradable plastic items can end up in a cold ocean or lake where they can take decades or even centuries to break down, depending on the type of plastic.

Sunlight can speed their breakdown. But scientists recently showed some biodegradable plastic bags were still strong and intact after three years outdoors. In that regard, they were not much better than regular plastic.

The other problem with biodegradable plastics is that people often toss them into the recycling bin with regular plastic.

“Once you mix them together — and they look the same, so people do it — it makes it harder to recycle the plastic,” says Kershaw.

Filtering microplastics from the laundry

Researchers at the University of Toronto are testing this washing machine filter in 100 homes. It is designed to capture microplastic lint from clothing. The researchers want to see how much microplastic pollution it could keep out of local waters.Courtesy of Wexco

Cleaning clothes has become an enormous source of waterborne plastic. Washing machines tumble and wear down fabrics. This releases lots of little pieces of lint. If the fabric was made from nylon, polyester, polyethylene or polyamide, for instance, those lint particles will be plastic.

One 2018 study found that polyester fleece was a big culprit. A study that came out two years earlier showed that washing a single 6 kilogram (13 pound) load of clothes made from synthetic fabrics could release some 700,000 plastic lint fibers into the wash water. That explains why some researchers are looking for ways to keep that lint from going down the drain.

One project has been testing special filters to catch those fibers. It’s being run by researchers at the University of Toronto and at Georgian Bay Forever (a local environmental group). This past July, they installed the test filters on washing machines in 100 households in Parry Sound, Ontario. Parry Sound is on the shores of Canada’s Georgian Bay. It is part of Lake Huron.

The local water-treatment plants aren’t designed to remove microplastics. So any lint microplastics from the town’s wash will end up in the bay. The test filters are about twice the size of a standard water bottle. In recent tests, they removed roughly 90 percent of microfibers, notes project leader Lisa Erdle. She works at the University of Toronto.

This is how much microplastic lint one family in Canada produced during a month’s worth of laundry. An experimental filter on their washing machine removed the plastic lint before it could drain into nearby Georgian Bay.Georgian Bay Forever

“Testing in our lab shows they [the filters] work in a controlled setting,” she notes. “We’re curious to see if they work [just as well] in real people’s homes.” Whether they do may depend on whether people use the filters properly. For instance, she notes, “How often do they change the filter?”

Erdle and her team tested the wash water before the filters were installed. They are now repeating those tests to see how well the filters reduced the release of plastic lint.

The study will run for two years. Its results will be shared with the public. Because Parry Sound has a population of just 6,400, Erdle suspects the decrease in microplastic fibers will be noticeable.

The ideal solution would be to not manufacture plastic-based clothing in the first place, says Erdle. But filtering lint out of wash water and then burying it in a landfill would at least keep the pollution out of our waters.

Can nanotechnology bring mega benefits?

What about the microplastic pollution already polluting rivers, lakes and the ocean? In July 2019, researchers in Australia reported a potential solution for breaking microplastics into smaller, harmless molecules.

They created nanometer-scale coil-shaped tubes. Made from carbon, these tubes are too small to see (even with a classroom microscope). But they may produce a very visible change in water pollution by breaking down microplastics.

Here’s how they work: The carbon nanotubes are coated in nitrogen. When mixed with a compound known as POMS (short for peroxymonosulfate [Per-OX-ee-mon-oh-SUL-fate]), the nanotubes create new chemicals. Known as reactive oxygen species, or ROS, these new chemicals crumble microplastics into smaller components.

This tiny carbon nanotube (twisted into a coil to make it more rugged) was imaged by a scanning electron microscope. When mixed in water with a compound called peroxymonosulfate, such nanotubes produce chemicals that break down microplastics. J. Kang et al/Matter 2019

Chemical engineer Jian Kang led the research. He works at Curtin University in Perth. His team added their carbon nanotubes to 80 milliliters (one-third cup) of water tainted with microplastic particles. Then they warmed the water to 120 °C (248 °F) for eight hours. Heating the water speeds the process. Manganese embedded within each nanotube made the tubes magnetic. This meant the researchers could use magnets to pull them out of the water for reuse.

The treatment reduced the amount of microplastics in the water by about a third to one-half, Kang’s group showed. It reported the findings on July 31, 2019 in the journal Matter.

Chemicals produced by the plastic’s breakdown don’t appear very toxic, notes Long Chen. He is an environmental engineer at Northeastern University in Boston, Mass. Chen was not involved in the work. The Australian researchers exposed green algae to water containing the microplastic by-products. After two weeks, they saw no change in the algae’s growth.

Clearly, more research is needed. But the early testing does appear promising.

“It’s great to have this option as a tool in a toolbox” to curb microplastic pollution, says Bart Koelmans. He is an environmental scientist at Wageningen University in the Netherlands.

However, researchers caution there still is a lot of work to do. What’s more, Koelmans says, such new programs to clean up plastics “should not dismiss us from thinking about what the real problem is — and that’s the [release] of plastic into places where it does not belong.”

Help for a world drowning in microplastics published first on https://triviaqaweb.tumblr.com/

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aneddoticamagazinestuff · 5 years

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Environment or eco-sustainability

New Post has been published on https://www.aneddoticamagazine.com/environment-or-eco-sustainability/

Environment or eco-sustainability

When we talk about environment or eco-sustainability, we often end up trying to identify those responsible for the damage caused.

A few days ago, the American Climate Accountability Institute presented a study entitled Climate accountability as a fulcrum for climate stewardship, in which the “faults” of fossil fuel companies are reaffirmed. On the contrary, according to the researchers, these companies would even “lead” the climate crisis, being aware of the dangers involved in using their products. The analysis, conducted by Richard Heede, showed that the top 20 oil companies in the world are responsible for 35% of all emissions of carbon dioxide and methane related to the energy of the planet. Since 1965, they would be responsible for 480 billion tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (GtCO2). Already a couple of years ago, the same institution had carried out another study whose conclusions were similar: more than half of the carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere since 1988 must be traced back to a few dozen companies, with the top ranks also the coal mining companies, such as China Coal.

It is important to note that, according to the new report, more than half of the 20 companies in the sector that are most responsible for CO2 emissions are state-owned, owned or controlled by governments. The first among the oil companies responsible for emissions, Aramco, alone responsible for 4.38% of global CO2 emissions, is managed by the Arab government.

The same is true for plastic (the two sectors are linked with a double wire). Often the perpetrators remain in the dark and the promises end in oblivion. Like the one made last August 15 (Independence Day of India) by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Modi had promised to “take the first big step” to start banning disposable plastic from October 2 (the 150th anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi’s birth). An important promise: according to a report published in 2017 by the Central Commission for Pollution Control, the Central pollution control board, in India, around 25,940 tons of plastic waste ends up in the trash every day. Immediately after, however, some notes reported estimates that spoke of reaching the goal of an India without plastic in 2022. “Prime Minister Modi has not spoken of ‘prohibition’, but of ‘goodbye’ to disposable plastic waste,” he said Prakash Javadekar, Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change). In the end, the month of October has come and to eliminate the plastic, in India, we no longer speak. Indeed, the Indian government would have made it clear that, at least in the short / medium term, no measures will be adopted to prohibit bags, glasses, plates, bottles, straws and plastic bags, reaffirming only the commitment to limit their use. This means that India, in spite of the promises made, will continue to discharge millions of tons of plastic into the environment each year. With great happiness for the producers of plastic materials.

The plastics sector is one of the most flourishing and growing sectors of the planet (together with arms and armaments). Despite the promises, the amount of plastics produced is increasing. World production of plastic has increased from 15 million tons in 1964 to over 310 million in 2018 (“Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences”), it could reach 34 billion tons by 2050! And only a small part (between 2 and 4%) is actually recycled. The rest ends up in the environment and creates enormous damage to the ecosystem.

Production of plastics and hydrocarbons walk together: 99% of synthetic polymeric materials come from chemical products obtained from fossil fuels.

A sector that the USA really likes (but strangely little Greta doesn’t seem to have talked about it during her visit to New York). According to the Center for International Environmental Law, an oil and shale gas revolution is underway: “Since the production of fossil fuels is highly localized in specific areas, the manufacture of plastics is also concentrated in specific regions, particularly on the coast of the Gulf of the United States ”, as written in the Fueling Plastics report.

The pharmaceutical sector is closely linked to the use of plastics. And even here there are surprises. According to a study recently published in the Journal of Cleaner Production, Big Pharma (as indicated by the group of major pharmaceutical companies in the world) would produce emissions in terms of CO2equivalents. Also superior to those issued by the automotive industry or the agricultural sector. Lotfi Belkhir, associate professor and president of eco-entrepreneurship at McMaster University in Ontario, said: “We rarely talk about the pharmaceutical industry that evokes images of smokestacks, pollution and environmental damage … An immediate one and the surprising result is that the the pharmaceutical sector is anything but ecological “.

One of the globally recognized rules is that according to which “the polluter pays”. Yet no one has ever asked these large industries, often “multinationals”, to pay for the damage caused to the environment (except in exceptional cases, such as oil spills).

The “others” are the ones to pay: the citizens. Especially those in poor countries, the least responsible for CO2 emissions and environmental damage. According to a study that calculated CO2 emissions in relation to the population, in Africa (except for South Africa), CO2e emissions are very low, often close to zero: 0.05 in the DRC, 0.08 in Niger and 0.04 in Chad. But it is enough to go to the “developed” countries (those that, on paper, should know the impact they have on the environment) to record a surge in these values: in Europe, where there are 6.7 tons / per capita in Italy , 7.9 in the United Kingdom, 8.92 in the “green” Germany and 10.43 in the Czech Republic. Then we go overseas, in Canada, the emissions go up to 14.14 tons / per capita. In Australi they become 16.52 and even 17.02 in the USA. The highest levels ever are recorded in Saudi Arabia: over 18 tons / per capita.

In other words, precisely in the country where the largest emissions related to the oil industries are registered all over the planet. And to do so is a “state” company.

“The great tragedy of the climate crisis is that seven and a half billion people have to pay the price – in the form of a degraded planet – so that a couple of dozen polluting interests can continue to make record profits. It is a great moral failure of our political system that we have allowed this to happen”, said Michael Mann, one of the world’s leading climate scientists, who invited politicians who will participate in the next COP to take urgent action.

Perhaps, given the numbers, it would be better if this invitation (and those of all environmentalists, budding or grown) were addressed to the sparse number of people at the helm of multinationals, very often the real perpetrators of climate change taking place on the whole planet. But to which no one dares to address their appeals.

#C.Alessandro Mauceri #CO2 #emissions #environment or eco-sustainability #fossil fuel companies #oil companies #pharmaceutical sector #Richard Heede

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ryansexpresslube · 1 year

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Synthetic Oil Change: What You Need to Know in Ontario

When it comes to taking care of your car, one of the most important maintenance tasks is getting an oil change. While traditional oil has been the go-to choice for many years, more and more car owners are switching to synthetic oil for its many benefits.

At Ryan's Express Lube, we provide high-quality repair services and specialize in synthetic oil changes in Scarborough.

So what is synthetic oil, and why is it better than traditional oil? Synthetic oil is a man-made lubricant that is designed to provide better performance and protection for your engine.

It is made from a combination of high-quality base oils and advanced additives, which work together to reduce engine wear, improve fuel economy, and enhance overall engine performance.

One of the main advantages of synthetic oil is its ability to withstand extreme temperatures and harsh conditions. Unlike traditional oil, which can break down and lose its effectiveness under high temperatures and pressure, synthetic oil maintains its performance even in the most demanding driving conditions. This means that your engine will be better protected, and you'll experience fewer problems and breakdowns.

At Ryan's Express Lube, we offer synthetic oil changes in Scarborough to help you get the best performance out of your vehicle. Our experienced technicians will inspect your vehicle and recommend the best type of synthetic oil for your engine. We use only the highest quality synthetic oil and filters, ensuring that your engine stays protected and running smoothly.

So if you're looking for high-quality repair services in Scarborough, look no further than Ryan's Express Lube.

Contact us or visit our website www.ryansexpresslube.com today to schedule your appointment and experience the difference for yourself.

#synthetic oil changes in Scarborough #high-quality repair services in Scarborough

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nicolejames12 · 1 year

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Unveiling the Power of Synthetic: Why a Synthetic Oil Change in Ontario Is Worth It

Automobile enthusiasts and casual drivers alike may have heard of the growing popularity surrounding synthetic oil. With its enhanced performance and durability, this oil type has truly marked its territory in the auto world. If you're in Ontario and considering an oil change, here are compelling reasons to switch to synthetic. Visit: https://sites.google.com/view/ryansexpresslube/blog/unveiling-the-power-of-synthetic-why-a-synthetic-oil-change-in-ontario-is

#full synthetic service #synthetic oil change in Scarborough

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ashishtriton · 4 years

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NORTH AMERICA INDUSTRIAL WAX MARKET 2020-2028

A Triton Market Research report on the North American industrial wax market has determined that the industry would exhibit growth at a CAGR of 4.21% in the estimated years between 2020 and 2028.

The countries evaluated in the North American industrial wax market are:

• Canada

• The United States

The US is a major importer of industrial wax, especially from countries like China. The gradual reduction in the wax production capabilities has pushed the industrial wax users towards the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) wax. The rising adoption of the FT waxes, rather than paraffin wax, is likely to fuel the demand for synthetic wax in the forthcoming years. The supply gap that was produced due to the closing of Group I base oil, is giving potential opportunities for synthetic and bio-based wax in the market. The FT waxes are able to fill the void created by the reduction in paraffin wax supply. Hence, synthetic wax is expected to witness substantial growth as compared to fossil-based wax.

https://www.tritonmarketresearch.com/reports/north-america-industrial-wax-market#request-free-sample

The Canadian packaging industry is beneficial for the growth of the industrial wax market in the country. There is an increase in the demand for packaging products that can be utilized on multiple consumption occasions, thereby complying with the concerns regarding recycling and sustainability. The packaging industry is involved in sectors like food, alcoholic & non-alcoholic drinks, beauty & personal care. The packaging innovations in these segments are centered on portability mostly by favoring smaller pack sizes or by using materials that are used for different consumption occasions. Industrial wax is used in the packaging industry and thus the growth in this sector will subsequently lead to the growth in the industrial wax market in the region.

Established in 1945, International Group Inc is a company providing synthetic, petroleum and non-petroleum wax products. The company has its headquarters in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The company provides products, including microcrystalline wax, paraffin wax, polyethylene wax and synthetic waxes.

Some of the eminent players of the industrial wax are ExxonMobil Corporation, Numaligarh Refinery Limited, The International Group Inc, Evonik Industries AG, Royal Dutch Shell Plc (Shell International BV), HCI Wax (Hong Chang International), The Blayson Group Ltd, Lukoil (PJSC Lukoil), Sinopec Corp (China Petrochemical Corporation) and Sasol Limited.

#North America #industrial wax market #market research

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mymedicalservice-blog · 4 years

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What can a Patient do Inside a Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Chamber?

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is a non-evasive treatment administered through a pressurized room or tube, that aims to promote the body’s natural healing processes. The amount of oxygen is increased quickly so that patients take in more oxygen, which is then transported through red blood cells disolving into their body fluids and bones. The increased intake of oxygen reaches new areas that have limited circulations and damage tissues which strengthen white blood cells, that protect the body from infection and unwanted bacteria. The added oxygen also promotes the generation of stem cells, which accelerates the natural heal process.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy requires patients to spend a significant amount of time inside the therapy chamber for the best results. Below, we list some things that patients can do, to make the experience more relaxing for them.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy can be administered in a single chamber where one person is treated at a time or a combined chamber where several patients can be treated at the same time. A session usually takes up to two hours but can be longer depending on the condition being treated. During this time patients can:

– Read a book or magazine (combined chamber only) – Bring cards (combined chamber only) – Watch a movie on the equipment provided by the facility – Listen to music – Take a nap

While this is not an exhaustive list, it can help you come up with things that you may like to do during treatment. However, it is also important to know the things that you can’t bring into a chamber, so that you can make appropriate decisions, on what you pack for your session. Things you cannot bring: – Flammable materials ( matches, lighters, cigarettes) – Electronics such as cellphones, watches, and hearing aids – Oil-based or petroleum products such as lipstick, nail polish, and lotions – Synthetic materials such as nylon or rayon – Hot pads – Food

Some things to Keep in Mind Because treatment can take several hours, and food is not allowed inside any of the chambers, it is always recommended that you eat a filling healthy meal beforehand.

In addition, due to the high atmospheric pressure and oxygen levels in the chambers, you’re given special cotton clothing specifically made to wear inside them, so it is recommended that you have on clothes that you can easily change in and out of. You should also leave any valuables a home, or in your car so that you don’t have to worry about hem during treatment. If you wear contacts, you should bring glasses or your lens case with you so that you can remove them before entering the chamber.

If you or someone you know is interested in Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, contact us at Ontario HBOT Burn Healing for more information.

#bone infection #chronic Osteomyelitis #Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy #Bone infection treatment #osteomyeletis #osteomyelitis treatment #Oxygen Therapy

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yesdanielblisslove · 5 years

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Profiting by Organic Pest Control

Pest control is no simple assignment. In perfect circumstances ordinary pests, for example, creepy crawlies, rodents,and the like won't be in our living quarters by any stretch of the imagination - however let's be honest, life isn't so perfect. When pests figure out how to get into your house, it's difficult to cause them to leave, and their quality could influence your wellbeing, your solace, and even your property! The more you leave the issue untreated, the more regrettable it will be. One of the quickest method to dispose of the little suckers is to shoot them with synthetic compounds. Notwithstanding, the simple methodology is presently gradually being demonstrated to be a hazardous one - look into has demonstrated that the utilization of concoction specialists in pesticides just as other man-made or engineered materials utilized for controlling pest can be as deadly to people for what it's worth to the critters you need to destroy. The risks are higher for kids just as tamed creatures, and on the off chance that you have either or both in your family, at that point you would do well to reevaluate your alternatives or lament placing your friends and family in damage. Fortunately, because of the headways in current research, non-harmful and normally natural pest control strategies are presently generally accessible. Natural pest control techniques includes the utilization of common components, for example, characteristic predation, parasitism, and herbivory to control and annihilate pests, for example, creepy crawlies and vermin, and plant issues, for example, weeds and aphids. Natural pest control is one significant part of what is called incorporated pest the executives programs. Coordinated pest the executives is a characteristic way to deal with controlling pest which uses normal pest adversaries to gradually decrease the quantity of attacking pests with the dynamic assistance of human circulation. Parasitoids, predators, and pathogens, otherwise called organic log control specialists, are the common adversaries of creepy crawly pests. Concoction pesticides, as indicated by the Environmental Protection Agency, have been connected to instances of malignant growth, nerve harm, and birth abandons among a horde of other medicinal complexities. It is because of these perils that one ought to consider changing to natural pest control as a methods for wiping out pests. The procedure includes assaulting the pests in three stages. First: the fuse of pest anti-agents in the influenced zone; second, the support of pest-decreasing bugs and different creatures, and ultimately - applying natural, some of the time home-blended non-poisonous pesticides. Natural pest control mixes are comprised of different blends of solid smelling substances, scent atoms and gases in plants, cleanser, saponins or oils. Foul substances, for example, fish, garlic, or tomatoes can be utilized to repulse destructive pests that may make harm plants. Cottonseed oils, mineral oils and other vegetable oils might be utilized to suffocate delicate bodied pests. Warmth just as exhaust from stew or lamp oil and salt are utilized to dissuade, consume, and execute pests too. These days, natural pest control and its utilization for neighborhood pest the executives are spearheading inventive ways for less unsafe strategies for controlling pest, and a large number of these nearby pest the board systems are straightforward and utilize. Utilizing traps is one strategy for overseeing pest that natural pest control organizations are advocating however the thought itself is basic enough. Traps intended to catch explicit sorts of creepy crawly pests are currently generally accessible and are turned out to be more cost productive and successful. Nearby pest the board is best done when one expels the pests from one territory over a controlled and regular timeframe as opposed to all of a sudden clearing out entire populaces of both awful - and valuable - creatures with a compound specialist. see here pest control bradford business address: Pest Kings Wildlife & Pest Control Bradford Address: 5, 450 Holland St W Suite 117, Bradford, ON L3Z 0J4 Phone: (647) 988-5034 Hours: Open 24 hours Province: Ontario

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mikemortgage · 6 years

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Imperial earns $749 million in the third quarter of 2018

CALGARY, Alberta — Imperial Oil Limited (TSX:IMO):

$1.2 billion cash generated from operations; strong performance across all business lines

Record gross production at Kearl of 244,000 barrels per day; 202,000 barrels per day year-to-date

Nearly $600 million returned to shareholders through dividends and share purchases

Third quarter Nine months millions of Canadian dollars, unless noted 2018 2017 % 2018 2017 % Net income (loss) (U.S. GAAP) 749 371 102 1,461 627 133 Net income (loss) per common share, assuming dilution (dollars) 0.94 0.44 114 1.79 0.74 142 Capital and exploration expenditures 376 159 136 934 455 105

Estimated net income in the third quarter of 2018 was $749 million, an increase of $378 million compared with the net income of $371 million in the same period of 2017.

Imperial’s focus on reliability led to record gross production at Kearl of 244,000 barrels per day in the quarter, 20 percent, or 41,000 barrels per day, higher than the previous record. The strong performance increased year-to-date production to 202,000 barrels per day. With overall upstream production of 393,000 gross oil-equivalent barrels per day, up slightly from 2017, upstream earnings were $222 million, the highest level in four years.

The downstream continued to deliver strong results with quarterly earnings of $502 million. Refining throughput averaged 388,000 barrels per day and petroleum product sales averaged 516,000 barrels per day, the highest quarterly sales in nearly 30 years.

“Our refining network, access to logistics and ability to process price-advantaged crudes, both heavy and increasingly light, have been key factors in downstream performance year-to-date,” said Rich Kruger, chairman, president and chief executive officer. “Looking ahead, in the current challenging upstream price environment, we are uniquely positioned to benefit from widening light crude differentials.”

In terms of future growth potential, regulatory approvals for the Aspen in-situ project and Cold Lake expansion project were recently received. Both projects would utilize solvent-assisted, steam-assisted gravity drainage (SA-SAGD) technology to recover the bitumen resource. The regulatory approvals would support bitumen production of up to 150,000 barrels per day for the Aspen project and up to 50,000 barrels per day for the Cold Lake expansion project. The regulatory approvals are currently being reviewed. No final investment decisions have been made at this time.

Continuing with Imperial’s long standing commitment, nearly $600 million was returned to shareholders through dividends and share purchases in the quarter. During the first nine months of 2018, about $2 billion was returned to shareholders.

Third quarter highlights

Net income of $749 million or $0.94 per share on a diluted basis, an increase of $378 million compared to net income of $371 million or $0.44 per share in the third quarter of 2017. Third quarter results for 2018 include a non-cash impairment charge of $33 million ($0.04 per share) associated with the Government of Ontario’s revocation of its carbon emission cap and trade regulation.

Cash generated from operating activities was $1,207 million, the highest in four years, up from $837 million in the third quarter of 2017 and $859 million in the second quarter of 2018.

Capital and exploration expenditures totalled $376 million, compared with $159 million in the third quarter of 2017. Spending in the quarter has focused on sustaining capital and previously announced projects. Total capital expenditures for the year are anticipated to be between $1.3 billion and $1.4 billion.

Dividends paid and share purchases totalled $573 million in the third quarter of 2018, including the purchase of approximately 10 million shares at a cost of $418 million.

Production averaged 393,000 gross oil-equivalent barrels per day, up from 390,000 barrels per day in the same period of 2017 and up from 336,000 barrels per day in the second quarter of 2018.

Cold Lake bitumen production averaged 150,000 barrels per day, compared to 163,000 barrels per day in the same period of 2017. Third quarter Cold Lake production increased from 133,000 barrels per day in the second quarter of 2018 and is expected to continue to increase in the fourth quarter.

Gross production of Kearl bitumen averaged a record of 244,000 barrels per day in the quarter (173,000 barrels Imperial’s share), up from 182,000 barrels per day (129,000 barrels Imperial’s share) in the same period of 2017. Planned turnaround activity on one of the two plants impacted gross production in the quarter by about 14,000 barrels per day. The turnaround began in late-September and was completed in mid-October. Gross production from Kearl through the first nine months of 2018 increased to an average of 202,000 barrels per day.

The company’s share of gross production from Syncrude averaged 45,000 barrels per day, compared to 74,000 barrels per day in the same period of 2017. Production in the quarter was impacted by the June 20 site-wide power disruption which resulted in a shutdown of all processing units. Production was progressively restored throughout the quarter and all cokers were back on-line by mid-September.

Refinery throughput averaged 388,000 barrels per day, up from 385,000 barrels per day in the third quarter of 2017. Capacity utilization was 92 percent, up from 91 percent in the third quarter of 2017.

Petroleum product sales were 516,000 barrels per day, the highest in nearly 30 years, up from 500,000 barrels per day in the third quarter of 2017 and 510,000 barrels per day in the second quarter of 2018.

Chemical earnings were $69 million, up from $52 million in the same period of 2017. Strong polyethylene pricing and advantaged feedstocks resulted in best-ever earnings through the first nine months of the year of $220 million.

Norman Wells resumed shipping in September and production in October, following the return to service of its export pipeline. In December 2016, Enbridge proactively suspended shipments on Line 21 as a precautionary measure to ensure integrity at a river crossing. Following a lengthy regulatory process, the replacement of a two-kilometre section of the 870-kilometre pipeline was completed in September 2018. Production is expected to ramp-up in the months ahead to around 10,000 barrels per day, consistent with rates prior to the shutdown.

Regulatory approvals for the Aspen in-situ project and the Cold Lake expansion project were recently received from the Alberta Energy Regulator. Both projects would utilize solvent-assisted, steam-assisted gravity drainage technology to recover the bitumen resource. The regulatory approvals would support bitumen production of up to 150,000 barrels per day for the Aspen project and up to 50,000 barrels per day for the Cold Lake expansion project. The regulatory approvals are currently being reviewed. No final investment decisions have been made at this time.

Imperial announced its commitment to a 10 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions intensity in its oil sands operations by 2023. The application of next-generation oil recovery technology at Cold Lake, improvements in reliability at Kearl and continuous improvements in energy efficiency are expected to be key drivers behind the reductions.

PC Optimum points now available at over 2,000 Esso and Mobil stations across the country. The program provides value to our customers, giving them the ability to earn points across their most common everyday purchases which now includes fuel in addition to grocery and pharmacy. Customer response to the program launch at Esso stations has been strong with over 15 percent more volume receiving a loyalty benefit when compared to the same period last year. Imperial is the exclusive fuel partner of this loyalty program.

Third quarter 2018 vs. third quarter 2017

The company’s net income for the third quarter of 2018 was $749 million or $0.94 per share on a diluted basis, an increase of $378 million compared to the net income of $371 million or $0.44 per share, for the same period 2017. Third quarter results for 2018 include a non-cash impairment charge of $33 million ($0.04 per share) associated with the Government of Ontario’s revocation of its carbon emission cap and trade regulation.

Upstream net income was $222 million in the third quarter, up $160 million from the same period of 2017. Improved results reflect the impact of higher Canadian crude oil realizations of about $320 million and higher Kearl volumes of $120 million, partially offset by lower Syncrude volumes of about $150 million and higher operating expenses of about $70 million.

West Texas Intermediate (WTI) averaged US$69.43 per barrel in the third quarter of 2018, up from US$48.23 per barrel in the same quarter of 2017. Western Canada Select (WCS) averaged US$47.49 per barrel and US$38.29 per barrel respectively for the same periods. The WTI / WCS differential widened to approximately US$22 per barrel in the third quarter of 2018, from around US$10 per barrel in the same period of 2017.

The Canadian dollar averaged US$0.76 in the third quarter of 2018, a decrease of US$0.04 from the third quarter of 2017.

Imperial’s average Canadian dollar realizations for bitumen and synthetic crudes increased generally in line with the North American benchmarks, adjusted for changes in exchange rates and transportation costs. Bitumen realizations averaged $50.42 per barrel for the third quarter of 2018, an increase of $11.40 per barrel versus the third quarter of 2017. Synthetic crude realizations averaged $89.70 per barrel, an increase of $28.56 per barrel for the same period of 2017.

Gross production of Cold Lake bitumen averaged 150,000 barrels per day in the third quarter, compared to 163,000 barrels per day in the same period last year. Lower volumes were primarily due to production timing associated with steam management.

Gross production of Kearl bitumen averaged 244,000 barrels per day in the third quarter (173,000 barrels Imperial’s share), up from 182,000 barrels per day (129,000 barrels Imperial’s share) during the third quarter of 2017. Higher production was mainly the result of improved operational reliability associated with ore preparation, enhanced piping durability and feed management, partially offset by planned turnaround activity.

The company’s share of gross production from Syncrude averaged 45,000 barrels per day, compared to 74,000 barrels per day in the third quarter of 2017. Lower production was due to a site-wide power disruption that occurred on June 20, 2018, resulting in a complete shutdown of all processing units. Production was progressively restored throughout the quarter and all cokers were back on-line by mid-September.

Downstream net income was $502 million in the third quarter, up $210 million from the third quarter of 2017. Earnings increased mainly due to stronger margins of about $220 million, partially offset by a non-cash impairment charge of $33 million associated with the Government of Ontario’s revocation of its carbon emission cap and trade regulation.

Refinery throughput averaged 388,000 barrels per day, up from 385,000 barrels per day in the third quarter of 2017. Capacity utilization increased to 92 percent from 91 percent in the third quarter of 2017.

Petroleum product sales were 516,000 barrels per day, up from 500,000 barrels per day in the third quarter of 2017. Sales growth continues to be driven by optimization across the full downstream value chain, and the expansion of Imperial’s logistic capabilities.

Chemical net income was $69 million in the third quarter, up $17 million from the same quarter of 2017, reflecting strong polyethylene pricing and advantaged feedstocks.

Corporate and other expenses were $44 million in the third quarter, compared to $35 million in the same period of 2017. As part of the implementation of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s update, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost, beginning January 1, 2018, Corporate and other includes all non-service pension and postretirement benefit expenses. Prior to 2018, the majority of these costs were allocated to the operating segments.

Cash flow generated from operating activities was $1,207 million in the third quarter, up from $837 million from the corresponding period in 2017, reflecting higher earnings.

Investing activities used net cash of $352 million in the third quarter, compared with $234 million used in the same period of 2017, reflecting higher additions to property, plant and equipment.

Cash used in financing activities was $580 million in the third quarter, compared with $393 million used in the third quarter of 2017. Dividends paid in the third quarter of 2018 were $155 million. The per share dividend paid in the third quarter was $0.19, up from $0.16 in the same period of 2017. During the third quarter, the company, under its share purchase program, purchased about 10 million shares for approximately $418 million, including shares purchased from Exxon Mobil Corporation.

The company’s cash balance was $1,148 million at September 30, 2018, versus $833 million at the end of third quarter 2017.

The company currently anticipates exercising its share purchases uniformly over the duration of the program. Purchase plans may be modified at any time without prior notice.

Nine months highlights

Net income of $1,461 million, up from net income of $627 million in the prior year.

Net income per share on a diluted basis was $1.79, up from net income per share of $0.74 in 2017.

Cash flow generated from operating activities was $3,051 million, up from $1,683 million in 2017.

Gross oil-equivalent production averaged 367,000 barrels per day, unchanged from the same period in 2017.

Refinery throughput averaged 386,000 barrels per day, up from 381,000 barrels per day in 2017.

Petroleum product sales were 503,000 barrels per day, up from 492,000 barrels per day in the prior year.

Returned about $2 billion to shareholders through share purchases and dividends.

Per share dividends declared during the first nine months totalled $0.54, up $0.07 per share from 2017.

Nine months 2018 vs. nine months 2017

Net income in the first nine months of 2018 was $1,461 million, or $1.79 per share on a diluted basis, an increase of $834 million compared to a net income of $627 million or $0.74 per share in the first nine months of 2017.

Upstream net income was $172 million in the first nine months of 2018, an increase of $397 million compared to a net loss of $225 million from the same period of 2017. Improved results reflect the impact of higher Canadian crude oil realizations of about $670 million and higher Kearl volumes of about $120 million, partially offset by the impact of lower Cold Lake and Syncrude volumes of about $170 million, higher operating costs of about $120 million and higher royalties of about $60 million.

West Texas Intermediate averaged US$66.77 per barrel in the first nine months of 2018, up from US$49.40 per barrel in the same period of 2017. Western Canada Select averaged US$44.98 per barrel and US$37.57 per barrel respectively for the same periods. The WTI / WCS differential widened to approximately US$22 per barrel in the first nine months of 2018, from around US$12 per barrel in the same period of 2017.

The Canadian dollar averaged US$0.78 in the first nine months of 2018, an increase of about US$0.01 from the same period of 2017.

Imperial’s average Canadian dollar realizations for bitumen and synthetic crudes increased generally in line with the North American benchmarks, adjusted for changes in the exchange rate and transportation costs. Bitumen realizations averaged $45.04 per barrel for the first nine months of 2018, an increase of $7.22 per barrel versus 2017. Synthetic crude realizations averaged $83.66 per barrel, an increase of $19.29 per barrel from the same period of 2017.

Gross production of Cold Lake bitumen averaged 145,000 barrels per day in the first nine months of 2018, compared to 161,000 barrels per day from the same period of 2017. Lower volumes were primarily due to planned maintenance and production timing associated with steam management.

Gross production of Kearl bitumen averaged 202,000 barrels per day in the first nine months of 2018 (144,000 barrels Imperial’s share) up from 179,000 barrels per day (127,000 barrels Imperial’s share) from the same period of 2017. Increased 2018 production reflects improved operational reliability associated with ore preparation, enhanced piping durability and feed management.

During the first nine months of 2018, the company’s share of gross production from Syncrude averaged 53,000 barrels per day, compared to 56,000 barrels per day from the same period of 2017. Syncrude year-to-date production was impacted by a site-wide power disruption that occurred on June 20 resulting in a complete shutdown of all processing units. Production was progressively restored throughout the third quarter 2018 and all cokers were back on-line by mid-September. Production in 2017 was impacted by repairs associated with the Syncrude Mildred Lake upgrader fire.

Downstream net income was $1,224 million, an increase of $474 million versus the prior year. Higher earnings primarily reflect stronger margins of about $910 million, partially offset by the impact of increased planned turnaround activity and reliability events of about $190 million, the absence of the $151 million gain on the sale of a surplus property in 2017, and a non-cash impairment charge of $33 million associated with the Government of Ontario’s revocation of its carbon emission cap and trade regulation.

Refinery throughput averaged 386,000 barrels per day in the first nine months of 2018, up from 381,000 barrels per day from the same period of 2017. Capacity utilization increased to 91 percent from 90 percent in the same period of 2017.

Petroleum product sales were 503,000 barrels per day in the first nine months of 2018, up from 492,000 barrels per day from the same period of 2017. Sales growth continues to be driven by optimization across the full downstream value chain, and the expansion of Imperial’s logistics capabilities.

Chemical net income was $220 million, an increase of $59 million versus the prior year, reflecting higher margins and volumes.

Corporate and other expenses were $155 million for the first nine months of 2018, compared to $59 million in the same period of 2017. Beginning January 1, 2018, Corporate and other includes all non-service pension and postretirement benefit expenses. Prior to 2018, the majority of these costs were allocated to the operating segments.

Cash flow generated from operating activities was $3,051 million in the first nine months of 2018, up from $1,683 million from the same period of 2017, primarily reflecting higher earnings.

Investing activities used net cash of $1,096 million in the first nine months of 2018, compared with $454 million used in the same period of 2017, reflecting higher additions to property, plant and equipment, and lower proceeds from asset sales.

Cash used in financing activities was $2,002 million in the first nine months of 2018, compared with $787 million used in the same period of 2017. Dividends paid in the first nine months of 2018 were $421 million. The per share dividend paid in the first nine months of 2018 was $0.51, up from $0.46 from the same period of 2017. During the first nine months of 2018, the company, under its share purchase program, purchased about 38.5 million shares for approximately $1,561 million, including shares purchased from Exxon Mobil Corporation.

Key financial and operating data follow.

Forward-looking statements

Statements of future events or conditions in this report, including projections, targets, expectations, estimates, and business plans are forward-looking statements. Actual future financial and operating results, including demand growth and energy source mix; production growth and mix; project plans, dates, costs and capacities; production rates; production life and resource recoveries; cost savings; product sales; financing sources; and capital and environmental expenditures could differ materially depending on a number of factors, such as changes in the supply of and demand for crude oil, natural gas, and petroleum and petrochemical products and resulting price and margin impacts; limitations on transportation for accessing markets; political or regulatory events, including changes in law or government policy; applicable royalty rates and tax laws; the receipt, in a timely manner, of regulatory and third-party approvals; third-party opposition to operations and projects; environmental risks inherent in oil and gas exploration and production activities; environmental regulation, including climate change and greenhouse gas restrictions; currency exchange rates; availability and allocation of capital; performance of third-party service providers; unanticipated operational disruptions; management effectiveness; commercial negotiations; project management and schedules; response to unexpected technological developments; operational hazards and risks; disaster response preparedness; the ability to develop or acquire additional reserves; and other factors discussed in this report and Item 1A of Imperial’s most recent Form 10-K. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve a number of risks and uncertainties, some that are similar to other oil and gas companies and some that are unique to Imperial. Imperial’s actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by its forward-looking statements and readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on them. Imperial undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained herein, except as required by applicable law.

In this report all dollar amounts are expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated. This report should be read in conjunction with Imperial’s most recent Form 10-K. Note that numbers may not add due to rounding.

The term “project” as used in this report can refer to a variety of different activities and does not necessarily have the same meaning as in any government payment transparency reports.

Attachment I Third Quarter Nine Months millions of Canadian dollars, unless noted 2018 2017 2018 2017 Net Income (loss) (U.S. GAAP) Total revenues and other income 9,732 7,158 27,209 21,347 Total expenses 8,706 6,662 25,222 20,556 Income (loss) before income taxes 1,026 496 1,987 791 Income taxes 277 125 526 164 Net income (loss) 749 371 1,461 627 Net income (loss) per common share (dollars) 0.94 0.44 1.79 0.74 Net income (loss) per common share – assuming dilution (dollars) 0.94 0.44 1.79 0.74 Other Financial Data Gain (loss) on asset sales, after-tax 6 5 21 191 Total assets at September 30 41,819 41,370 Total debt at September 30 5,188 5,215 Interest coverage ratio – earnings basis (times covered) (a) 14.9 25.7 Other long-term obligations at September 30 3,334 3,698 Shareholders’ equity at September 30 23,979 25,021 Capital employed at September 30 29,186 30,261 Return on average capital employed (percent) (b) 4.8 7.0 Dividends declared on common stock Total 151 134 438 397 Per common share (dollars) 0.19 0.16 0.54 0.47 Millions of common shares outstanding At September 30 792.7 837.6 Average – assuming dilution 800.5 844.9 816.9 848.4

(a) Interest coverage ratio is the rolling average net income before interest and taxes, divided by the average rolling four quarters’ interest expense. (b) Return on capital employed is the rolling average net income excluding after-tax cost of financing, divided by the average rolling four quarters’ capital employed.

Attachment II Third Quarter Nine Months millions of Canadian dollars 2018 2017 2018 2017 Total cash and cash equivalents at period end 1,148 833 1,148 833 Net income (loss) 749 371 1,461 627 Adjustments for non-cash items: Depreciation and depletion 364 391 1,099 1,135 Impairment of intangible assets 46 – 46 – (Gain) loss on asset sales (10) (6) (29) (219) Deferred income taxes and other 276 131 485 294 Changes in operating assets and liabilities (218) (50) (11) (154) Cash flows from (used in) operating activities 1,207 837 3,051 1,683 Cash flows from (used in) investing activities (352) (234) (1,096) (454) Proceeds associated with asset sales 13 8 34 230 Cash flows from (used in) financing activities (580) (393) (2,002) (787)

Attachment III Third Quarter Nine Months millions of Canadian dollars 2018 2017 2018 2017 Net income (loss) (U.S. GAAP) Upstream 222 62 172 (225) Downstream 502 292 1,224 750 Chemical 69 52 220 161 Corporate and other (44) (35) (155) (59) Net income (loss) 749 371 1,461 627 Revenues and other income Upstream 3,262 2,262 8,880 6,677 Downstream 7,330 5,460 20,542 16,127 Chemical 408 324 1,187 1,014 Eliminations / Corporate and other (1,268) (888) (3,400) (2,471) Revenues and other income 9,732 7,158 27,209 21,347 Purchases of crude oil and products Upstream 1,566 947 4,513 3,089 Downstream 5,567 4,014 15,664 12,037 Chemical 239 179 657 573 Eliminations (1,273) (889) (3,418) (2,473) Purchases of crude oil and products 6,099 4,251 17,416 13,226 Production and manufacturing expenses Upstream 1,073 893 3,191 2,917 Downstream 356 394 1,212 1,169 Chemical 51 51 154 152 Eliminations – – – – Production and manufacturing expenses 1,480 1,338 4,557 4,238 Capital and exploration expenditures Upstream 257 92 646 286 Downstream 105 55 250 128 Chemical 8 5 19 12 Corporate and other 6 7 19 29 Capital and exploration expenditures 376 159 934 455 Exploration expenses charged to income included above 4 7 13 29

Attachment IV Operating statistics Third Quarter Nine Months 2018 2017 2018 2017 Gross crude oil and natural gas liquids (NGL) production (thousands of barrels per day) Cold Lake 150 163 145 161 Kearl 173 129 144 127 Syncrude 45 74 53 56 Conventional 3 3 3 2 Total crude oil production 371 369 345 346 NGLs available for sale 1 1 1 1 Total crude oil and NGL production 372 370 346 347 Gross natural gas production (millions of cubic feet per day) 127 121 124 118 Gross oil-equivalent production (a) 393 390 367 367 (thousands of oil-equivalent barrels per day) Net crude oil and NGL production (thousands of barrels per day) Cold Lake 119 134 117 131 Kearl 163 127 137 124 Syncrude 45 68 51 52 Conventional 3 3 2 2 Total crude oil production 330 332 307 309 NGLs available for sale 2 1 2 1 Total crude oil and NGL production 332 333 309 310 Net natural gas production (millions of cubic feet per day) 127 118 122 110 Net oil-equivalent production (a) 353 353 329 329 (thousands of oil-equivalent barrels per day) Cold Lake blend sales (thousands of barrels per day) 194 212 198 214 Kearl blend sales (thousands of barrels per day) 234 158 200 163 NGL sales (thousands of barrels per day) 5 5 5 6 Average realizations (Canadian dollars) Bitumen (per barrel) 50.42 39.02 45.04 37.82 Synthetic oil (per barrel) 89.70 61.14 83.66 64.37 Conventional crude oil (per barrel) 74.02 49.03 70.69 51.21 NGL (per barrel) 36.92 28.40 38.93 28.50 Natural gas (per thousand cubic feet) 2.19 1.77 2.37 2.68 Refinery throughput (thousands of barrels per day) 388 385 386 381 Refinery capacity utilization (percent) 92 91 91 90 Petroleum product sales (thousands of barrels per day) Gasolines 264 269 254 258 Heating, diesel and jet fuels 179 168 182 177 Heavy fuel oils 29 19 25 19 Lube oils and other products 44 44 42 38 Net petroleum products sales 516 500 503 492 Petrochemical sales (thousands of tonnes) 208 196 626 590

(a) Gas converted to oil-equivalent at six million cubic feet per one thousand barrels.

Attachment V Net income (loss) per

Net income (loss) (U.S. GAAP)

common share – diluted

millions of Canadian dollars

dollars 2014 First Quarter 946 1.11 Second Quarter 1,232 1.45 Third Quarter 936 1.10 Fourth Quarter 671 0.79 Year 3,785 4.45 2015 First Quarter 421 0.50 Second Quarter 120 0.14 Third Quarter 479 0.56 Fourth Quarter 102 0.12 Year 1,122 1.32 2016 First Quarter (101) (0.12) Second Quarter (181) (0.21) Third Quarter 1,003 1.18 Fourth Quarter 1,444 1.70 Year 2,165 2.55 2017 First Quarter 333 0.39 Second Quarter (77) (0.09) Third Quarter 371 0.44 Fourth Quarter (137) (0.16) Year 490 0.58 2018 First Quarter 516 0.62 Second Quarter 196 0.24 Third Quarter 749 0.94 Year 1,461 1.79

After more than a century, Imperial continues to be an industry leader in applying technology and innovation to responsibly develop Canada’s energy resources. As Canada’s largest petroleum refiner, a major producer of crude oil, a key petrochemical producer and a leading fuels marketer from coast to coast, our company remains committed to high standards across all areas of our business.

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20181102005128/en/

Contacts

Imperial Oil Limited Investor relations (587) 476-4743 or Media relations (587) 476-7010

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vikasbahurupi1-blog · 6 years

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Automotive Interior Leather market size, analysis and sells by 2026

Research Report Insights presents a comprehensive analysis of the global automotive interior leather market in its new publication titled ‘Automotive Interior Leather Market 2026’. In this report, Research Report Insights (RRI) has focused on offering detailed insights and in-depth research on the global automotive interior leather market over a 10 year forecast period 2016 – 2026. In this report, we have covered the important factors driving the growth of the global automotive interior leather market, untapped opportunities for market players in this field, trends and developments shaping the dynamics of the global automotive interior leather market and other insights across various key segments. In addition, we have identified the key drivers and restraints affecting the growth of the global automotive interior leather market. Changing trends are also analysed and incorporated in the report to equip the client with exhaustive information about the market resulting in better decision making. Macroeconomic factors that directly and indirectly affect the growth of the global automotive interior leather market are also incorporated in the report.

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Report Description

The primary objective of the report is to offer insights on the market dynamics that can influence revenue growth of the global automotive interior leather market over the forecast period. Insights on key trends, drivers, restraints, value forecasts and opportunities for companies operating in the global automotive interior leather market are presented in the report. To understand and assess opportunities in this market, the report offers market forecast on the basis of material type, vehicle type, application, and region.

Market Segmentation

To understand and assess opportunities in the global automotive interior leather market, we have divided the report into four sections based on market segmentation as under:

By Material Type

By Vehicle Type

By Application

By Region

· Genuine Leather

· Synthetic Leather

o PU Leather

o PVC

· Passenger Car

o Compact

o Sub-compact

o Mid-size

o Sedan

o Luxury

o Van

· LCV

· HCV

· Upholstery

· Dashboard

· Seat belts

· Air-bags

· Floor & trunk carpets

· Headliners

· Others

· North America

· Latin America

· Western Europe

· Eastern Europe

· Asia Pacific Excluding Japan (APEJ)

· Middle East & Africa (MEA)

· Japan

The market value for all segments is taken in US$ Mn and the market volume is also identified in thousand square meter for all the segments of the global automotive interior leather market.

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A section of the report highlights the region-wise automotive interior leather demand. It provides a market outlook for 2016–2026 and sets the forecast within the context of the global automotive interior leather market.

In the final section of the report, a competitive landscape has been included to provide report audiences with a dashboard view. The report provides detailed tier-wise market share analysis for the companies operating in the global automotive interior leather market. Detailed profiles of manufacturers are also included within the scope of the report to evaluate business strategies, key offerings and recent developments in the global automotive interior leather market.

Our research methodology

The market volume of the global automotive interior leather market is inferred through in-depth secondary research and validated from industry experts through primary interviews. Each interview is thoroughly analysed and average market volume is deduced and reconfirmed prior to incorporating in the report. The price of automotive interior leather is deduced on the basis of the material type, where the average price of each material type is inferred across all the regions. The market value of the global automotive interior leather market is thus calculated from the data provided by the average selling price and market volume.

For the 10-year forecast of the global automotive interior leather market, changing trends have been observed, giving an idea about the future of the market. Other important factors considered to arrive at market forecast are the size of the current market and other dynamics shaping the scenario of the market.

Key metrics included

It is imperative to note that in an ever-fluctuating global economy, we not only conduct forecasts in terms of CAGR, but also analyse the market on the basis of key parameters such as year-on-year (Y-o-Y) growth to understand the predictability of the market and to identify the right opportunities across the market. As previously highlighted, the global automotive interior leather market is split into a number of segments. All segments in terms of material type, vehicle type, application, and region are analysed in terms of basis point share to understand individual segments’ relative contribution to market growth. This detailed level of information is important for identification of various key trends governing the global automotive interior leather market.

Also, another important feature of our report is the analysis of all key segments in terms of absolute dollar opportunity. This is traditionally overlooked while forecasting the market. However, absolute dollar opportunity is critical in assessing the level of opportunity that a provider can look to achieve, as well as to identify potential resources from a sales and delivery perspective in the global market. Last but not the least, in order to understand the key market segments in terms of growth and performance of the global automotive interior leather market, we have developed a one of its kind market attractiveness index. This index will be a great helping hand in letting clients identify real market opportunities.

Report Analysis@ https://www.researchreportinsights.com/report/rd/110114816/Automotive-Interior-Leather-Market

About Us: Research Report Insights (RRI) is a leading market intelligence and consulting firm. We deliver a host of services including custom research reports, syndicated research reports, and consulting services which are personalised in nature. RRI delivers a complete packaged solution to clients;this combines current market intelligence, technology inputs, statistical anecdotes, valuable growth insights, 360-degree view of the competitive framework, and anticipated market trends. Our research services cover global as well as regional emerging markets such as BRICS, GCC, and ASEAN. Our offerings cover a broad spectrum of verticals which include Oil and Gas, Chemicals, Materials, Energy, Technology, Automotive, and Retail. The operating model of RRI blends cross-disciplinary research experience to deploy insightful, in-depth, and actionable research.

Contact Us: Research Report Insights 42 joseph street, Portcarling P0B 1J0, Muskoka, Ontario T: +1-631-721-4201 Email: [email protected] Web Site: http://www.researchreportinsights.com

#Automotive Interior Leather market

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robertkstone · 7 years

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Detroit Tech Roundup: 8 Treats Including the 37-mpg F-150 Development Truck

How’d you like your next Ford F-150 to get 37 mpg combined? Read on to learn more about the unconventional engine making just that very promise. It was shown in Detroit as part of the North American International Auto Show and its coincident Automobili-D tech forum. (See what they did there?) Seems nobody dares stage an international auto show without a concurrent mobility conference, yet despite falling so closely on the heels of AutoMobility LA and the CES techstravaganza, Detroit delivered plenty of its own new future-tech, which we present here along with a few related tidbits presented elsewhere during the public days of the Detroit show.

The 37-mpg Opposed-Piston Two-Stroke Lives!

We’ve been covering Achates Power’s highly unusual inline-three-cylinder two-stroke engine with six pistons and two crankshafts for some time now, and it’s finally installed in a Ford F-150 truck for demonstration and fine tuning. The stats are pretty impressive if they prove reliable in production trim: 270 hp, 480 lb-ft, and 37 mpg combined fuel economy. The test engine is running 18.5:1 compression with direct gasoline injection. The long stroke of this 2.7-liter engine allows the pistons to extract maximum work, and because there are no cylinder heads (intake and exhaust flows through ports in the cylinder walls that get exposed at the extremes of the piston travel), there’s far less heat rejection to the cooling system. Achates says this helps deliver thermal efficiency of near 50 percent—and that’s before any in-vehicle thermal-management optimization work.

The current design features a single large-diameter gear connecting the upper and lower crankshafts. Interestingly, the two cranks don’t do equal work. The one on the side exposing the exhaust ports transmits about 60 percent of the torque while the one with the pistons that expose the intake ports bears 40 percent. The engine is twin-charged, with a supercharger (needed to move sufficient air at startup and low speeds) and a turbo. They operate at low levels of boost, so less air flows through this engine than is typical for a four-stroke diesel. This helps keep the exhaust temperatures in a narrower range—the lowest operating exhaust temperatures are higher, and the highs are lower than in “normal” engines. This makes life easier for the exhaust after-treatment system, which will likely include a lean-NOx trap. The engine produces sufficient heat to warm the cabin, but the required radiator capacity should be less than in a traditional truck.

The Delphi direct-injection system features two injectors per cylinder operating at about 22,000 psi on gasoline (36,000 if running diesel, which reportedly increases the combined economy to 42 mpg). They spray directly at each other, with combustion initiating in the center of the cylinder, so the cylinder walls never get sprayed by fuel. Achates claims there has also been no issue with oil finding its way out of the intake or exhaust ports because the oil control rings remain below the ports. At least one (as yet undisclosed) manufacturer has plans to build the engine, and several more have expressed interest. Stay tuned, as this promises to be the most radically reimagined engine to power a passenger vehicle since the Wankel rotary.

Making Jags/Rovers Good LISNRs

Everybody wants to control everything with their phone, and usually that requires a connection to the cloud via Wi-Fi or cellular or a connection to the thing being controlled via Bluetooth or near-field communications (NFC). But that’s not always possible or convenient when you’re out in the wilderness, deep in a parking garage, or inside a concrete arena. Enter ultrasonic audio data transmission from Cincinnati-based LISNR. That’s right, your phone’s speakers generate “Smart Tones” at a frequency between 18.7 and 19.2 kHz—just above human hearing range—which your car or other device “hears” and responds to. Range depends upon devices and conditions and can be tailored to function only at close range, up to 3 feet, or out as far as 60 feet. Data can be transmitted at up to 1,000 bits/second—just enough to handle tasks such as authentication (including one-touch Bluetooth connectivity, with Smart Tones handling all the hand-shaking), offline messaging between devices, secure payments, and control of nearby internet-of-things devices. JLR plans to offer this technology in 2019.

Alchemy Windshield Savior

Windshield replacement is becoming a more complicated task, as more cameras, lidar units, head-up displays, rain sensors, and the like are attached to or integrated into them. To prevent chips and cracks in the first place, Kitchener, Ontario-based Alchemy introduces Exoshield—an 11-layer windshield protection film that blocks 99.9 percent of ultraviolet radiation and improves stone-chip resistance by a factor of six. The top layer features a special scratchproof nano-coating that preserves safe visibility over the long haul. Exoshield is available on the aftermarket. Protection for most windshields costs about $350 installed. Look for this tech to potentially make Lexan and other ultralight but scratch-prone glazing materials legal for wider-spread use in the future.

Electrification Made Easy

German supplier Schaeffler began producing rear electrified axles for a hybrid car by China’s Great Wall car company at the end of 2017. This simplified concept only connects the gas and electric powertrains through the road. The system features an integrated two-speed transmission, which provides enough added leverage to permit downsizing the engine, saving enough cost to cover the transmission gearing. That application is rated for 107 hp and operates at 300 volts. Eight such designs are in the works with different power levels and applications, but only this one has the two-speed.

By integrating the power inverter onto a low-cost 48-volt e-axle and thereby eliminating the cables, Schaeffler has demonstrated the ability to increase the motor’s power rating to 27 hp (16 hp used to be the perceived limit of 48-volt e-motors).

Clever Torque Converters

The new GM/Ford joint-venture 10-speed automatic features a converter design that does without an entire stamping, shortening the axial length of the converter and trimming its mass by 30 percent. Schaeffler’s trick was moving the friction material for the lockup clutch to one of the fluid circuit shells where fluid dynamics actually make it slightly self-energizing. Another new Schaeffler torque converter employed in Mazda Skyactiv transaxles uses technology more commonly employed in rotating transmission clutches, which feature a chamber that compensates for the centrifugal forces acting on the transmission fluid. Adding such a chamber to this converter allows for smoother lockup at very low speeds and allows the system to permit a bit of slippage to compensate for engine vibration, all of which promotes earlier, more frequent converter lockup for greater fuel savings.

Not Just a New Motor Oil, a New Category of Motor Oil

The folks that started lubricating steam engines in 1866 and subsequently introduced the first all-climate oil (1954), racing oil (1965), synthetic blend oil (1996), and oil for high-mileage engines (2000) are now introducing Modern Engine Full Synthetic Motor Oil. The last oil quality upgrade approved by the American Petroleum Institute was SN in 2010, when 6.7 percent of cars and 11.0 percent of light trucks featured gasoline direct injection. Today some 56 percent of all new passenger vehicles have GDI, and there are some 35 million GDI-powered vehicles on the road—many of which are also turbocharged, downsized, and down-speeded by coupling them with eight-, nine-, or 10-speed transmissions or wide-ratio CVTs. All of this increases the temperature and stress placed on the engine and its lubricating oils.

Valvoline’s engine-lab research suggests that the SN-grade oil spec doesn’t adequately protect these highly stressed engines. Direct injection results in greater soot formation, and when soot blown by the rings contaminates the oil, it can cause premature wear on timing chains. In extreme cases the chain(s) can stretch enough to affect valve timing because tensioners can only compensate for about 0.7 percent stretch. Carbon deposits are another big problem, both inside the combustion chamber and especially on the intake valves, which no longer get washed by port-injected fuel. Severe deposits on the piston can lead to a particularly violent low-speed pre-ignition knocking that can destroy a piston (and hence the engine). Valve deposits come from oil sneaking past valve guides and airborne oil particles in the intake manifold from positive crankcase ventilation and exhaust-gas recirculation. The Modern Engine blend contains a proprietary additive package (the only big change Valvoline representatives admitted to was replacing calcium detergent with a calcium-magnesium detergent) engineered to prevent deposit formation 30 percent more effectively than the industry standard.

And if you change your own oil, the 5-quart bottle it comes in will also please you with its pull-ring seal, no-drip pouring spout, anti-glug tube, and handle, which is relocated for better leverage.

Clean Valves in a Jiffy

My September 2016 Technologue described an intake-valve-deposit cleansing system that has finally hit the market in two forms. Valvoline EasyGDI First Defense can be administered by ASC/Quick Lube technicians. It essentially involves removing the manifold air pressure sensor, mounting a nozzle where it was, and using this nozzle to fog the manifold with one or two 22-ounce cans of intake cleaner product (aerosolized by shop air) while the engine is running. Engine revs are elevated to 2,500 rpm once a minute during this time. We witnessed a one-can treatment administered to a Hyundai Sonata with 35,000 miles. Looking at the open intake valves with a borescope showed them to be badly gunked up with carbon deposits. One can of cleaner had them looking mostly clean. A 10-ounce bottle of fuel conditioner goes with this $120 service. To clean more severe deposits on the valves and in the combustion chamber, Valvoline’s EasyGDI Clean Up Kit is designed for dealers and master technicians to administer. It adds a fuel-rail conditioning product. That one retails for $300–$400—way cheaper than opening the engine up and cleaning everything the old-fashioned way. It’s too bad the borescope costs $100K—too much for most shops to swing. Seeing that gunk with my own eyes would easily separate me from cost of the cleanup job.

Cocoon Airbags

Automotive seating supplier Adient and the airbag folks at Autoliv teamed up to demonstrate a concept safety seat for an autonomous future when car seats might be swiveled to different positions. Naturally, the seats mount safety belts to the seat structure, and the concepts show two ways of mounting airbags that provide side cushioning protection from impacts or adjacent passengers coming from all directions. One even proposes providing frontal protection, though deploying this over a tall occupant’s head seems problematic. This idea is very much in the concept phase.

The post Detroit Tech Roundup: 8 Treats Including the 37-mpg F-150 Development Truck appeared first on Motor Trend.

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aneddoticamagazinestuff · 5 years

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Environment or eco-sustainability?

New Post has been published on https://www.aneddoticamagazine.com/environment-or-eco-sustainability/

Environment or eco-sustainability?

When we talk about environment or eco-sustainability, we often end up trying to identify those responsible for the damage caused.

Production of plastics and hydrocarbons walk together: 99% of synthetic polymeric materials come from chemical products obtained from fossil fuels.

In other words, precisely in the country where the largest emissions related to the oil industries are registered all over the planet. And to do so is a “state” company.

#C.Alessandro Mauceri #CO2 #emissions #environment or eco-sustainability #fossil fuel companies #oil companies #pharmaceutical sector #Richard Heede

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