#StanfordMed

[whitepolaris]

Stanford UFO Abduction

It was around eleven fifteen p.m. on January 6, 1976. Three middle-aged women-Mona Stafford, Louis Smith, and Elaine Thomas-were driving along Hustonville Road in Stanfordm headed for the home of Mrs. Smith.

Things started to get strange when the car began driving as if it had a mind of its own, reaching 85 mph even though Mona was hitting the brakes. They then saw a glowing red UFO descend from above. It emitted a bright light that had a gaseous, hazy quality. The UFO stayed close, and the women described it as enormous, metallic, and disk-shaped with a dome on top, a ring of red lights around its midsection, and a yellow, blinking light on the bottom.

After that, things get a little vague. All that the women could report was that at some point, they found themselves in the car, still driving down the road at a normal speed. But three of them were now covered with burns. Upon reaching Mrs. Smith's home, they realized it was one twenty a.m. January 7. They had lost two hours.

They contacted the police, and soon their story hit nationwide headlines. UFO investigators studied their case eagerly and found a few strange, verifiable phenomena connected to the women. Mechanical and electrical devices often stopped working after they handled them. Mrs. Smith's pet bird went wild with fear in her presence and would no longer allow her near it.

All three took and passed polygraphed tests administered by the Lexington Police Department. Under a series of hypnotic sessions, the women all recalled being abducted by alien beings on a spaceship and probed in many uncomfortable ways. Their descriptions of their experience have provided the basis for the classic alien abduction scenarios seen repeatedly in movies, television, and books. There were also several sightings of the UFO independent of Stafford, Thomas, and Smith, including by two teenagers who followed the red light all the way to Danville.

No one has been able to dispute the evidence that something did abduct these women. They sought no fame or fortune from their experience and, in fact, tried hard to be left alone. They had no reason to mutually fabricate an elaborate alien hoax. The polygraph sessions proved that these respectable ladies, two of whom were grandmothers, were not lying.

The Stanford incident is Kentucky's best proof of alien entities on earth, even over the Thomas Mantell case, which occurred on the same date years earlier. Read on.

[jobrxiv]

Technican and Lab Manager Stanford University @ZucheroLab (http://zucherolab.stanford.edu) is hiring a research technician/lab manager! Come join us @StanfordMed to study #neuroscience and #myelin See the full job description on jobRxiv: https://jobrxiv.org/job/stanford-university-27778-technican-and-lab-manager/?feed_id=46805 #ScienceJobs #hiring #research Stanford, CA #UnitedStatesUS #ResearchTechnician

[mariebenz]

Stable Coronary Heart Disease: Initial Invasive or Conservative Strategy?

MedicalResearch.com Interview with:

Dr. Maron David J. Maron, MD, FACC, FAHA Clinical Professor of Medicine Chief, Stanford Prevention Research Center Director, Preventive Cardiology Stanford University School of Medicine  MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, whether clinical outcomes are better in those who receive an invasive intervention plus medical therapy than in those who receive medical therapy alone is uncertain. The goals of treating patients with stable coronary disease are to reduce their risk of death and ischemic events and to improve their quality of life. All patients with coronary disease should be treated with guideline-based medical therapy (GBMT) to achieve these objectives. Before the widespread availability of drug-eluting stents, strategy trials that tested the incremental effect of revascularization added to medical therapy did not show a reduction in the incidence of death or myocardial infarction. In one trial, fractional flow reserve–guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents, added to medical therapy, decreased the incidence of urgent revascularization but not the incidence of death from any cause or myocardial infarction at a mean of 7 months, whereas the 5-year follow-up showed marginal evidence of a decrease in the incidence of myocardial infarction. MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings?  Response: Over a median of 3.2 years, 318 primary outcome events occurred in the invasive strategy group and 352 occurred in the conservative-strategy group. At 6 months, the cumulative event rate was 5.3% in the invasive-strategy group and 3.4% in the conservative-strategy group (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval , 0.8 to 3.0); at 5 years, the cumulative event rate was 16.4% and 18.2%, respectively (difference, −1.8 percentage points; 95% CI, −4.7 to 1.0). Results were similar with respect to the key secondary outcome. The incidence of the primary outcome was sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction; a secondary analysis yielded more procedural myocardial infarctions of uncertain clinical importance. There were 145 deaths in the invasive strategy and 144 deaths in the conservative strategy (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.32). Patients assigned to the invasive strategy had greater improvement in angina-related health status than those assigned to the conservative strategy. MedicalResearch.com: How might these findings change recommendations for invasive procedures in ischemic heart disease?   Response A conservative strategy should be recommended for people with stable coronary disease and no symptoms, assuming they meet eligibility criteria for the trial (no recent acute coronary syndrome, unprotected left main coronary artery disease, EF Read the full article

[aestheticsurgery-blog]

How often to you wear sunscreen!? TAG a friend to remind them! Follow 👉 @smostmd Last reconstructive case for skin cancer week. This nice patient has a defect of the left nasal ala. while there are several ways to reconstruct this, the melolsnidl flap, when done properly, can be an excellent technique. Can you find the scar from his donor site? Notice how his upper lip and cheek anatomy are preserved. So happy for him!⁠⠀ __________________________________⁠⠀ ✅ Results by: @SMostMD⁠⠀ 👨‍ Sam Most, MD, Double Board Certified Facial Plastic and Head & Neck Surgeon⁠⠀ ☎️ +1 (650) 736-3223⁠⠀ 📌 SF Bay area, CA USA⁠⠀ 💉 Procedure: Reconstructive skin cancer case⁠⠀ 🌍 med.stanford.edu/drmost.html⁠⠀ ✨ Individual results may vary⁠⠀ __________________________________⁠⠀ #rhinoplasty #rhinoplastyspecialist #drsammost #sammostmd #topdoc #rhinoplastysurgeon #plasticsurgery #plasticsurgeon #cosmeticsurgery #cosmeticsurgeon #nosejob #ent #nosesurgeon #stanfordmed #stanfordmedical #medical #beforeandafter #rhinoplastybeforeandafter #topsurgeon #boardcertifiedplasticsurgeon #stanfordtrained #stanfordplasticsurgeon #paloalto #paloaltoplasticsurgeon #sanfranciscoplasticsurgeon #norcal #bayarea⁠⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⁠⠀ 👉 Click the link in bio to seek out a local Board Certified Plastic Surgeon in your area to provide you with the safest plastic surgery procedure. www.PlasticSurgery.io (at San Francisco Bay Area) https://www.instagram.com/p/B4eAY3MnjCh/?igshid=1cugspo02mqwl

[emotionsofateen]

Selena Gomez is honored as the first recipient of the Mental Health Innovations Award “Mentee” for Excellence in Mental Health Advocacy at the Mental Healthcare Innovations Summit at StanfordMed

[beautifulballad]

Selena Gomez Honored with Mental Health Innovations Award by the Stanford School of Medicine

Selena Gomez Honored with Mental Health Innovations Award by the Stanford School of Medicine

@SelenaGomez is honored as the first recipient of the Mental Health Innovations Award “Mentee” for Excellence in #Mentalhealth #Advocacy at our Mental Healthcare Innovations Summit at @StanfordMed @SnyderShot @InstituteGC @letswondermind @rarebeauty https://t.co/H1OQTE6mwf pic.twitter.com/QXEMDlAKDs — Stanford Healthcare Innovation Lab (@StanfordHIL) November 10, 2022 Selena Gomez was honored by…

[validation-fm]

The AI Validation

The Need for AI Validation

The rise of AI, or rather relabeling of Machine Learning, Data Mining, adn Data Science as AI, was followed by the inevitable rise of Ethical AI, which is often referred to as Responsbile AI, or the area of data bias.

The logical step for Ethical AI is to acknowledge the source and target of any ethics -- humans. We define what is ethical and what is not, and we aspire to teach the machines to encode our values.

Since about 2017, we see the rise of human bodies organized around theories of Ethical AI and setting up organizational frameworks for aligning AI outcomes with human benefits, and preventing the rise of the killer robots. The Partnership for AI connects the major FAANG players, and a series of Human AI, Human-Centric AI, and Human-Compatible AI institutes were establiished, at Stanfordm Brown, Berkeley (resp.) and elsewhere.

Human-Computer Interaction scientists naturally expanded into this area, as well as ethicists and even the modern activists self-organized as social media collectives.

Coincidentally, another transformation took AI by storm around 2017 -- the Transformers. Transofmer models bested state of the art in a majority of NLP and image tasks, and now underpin the key FAANG offerings, such as machine translation.

Transformers were use do build a series of ever-larger language models, whcih reached a tipping point with GPT-3 by OpenAI. GPT-3 captured the public imagination with completing short textual prompts (prefixes) with elaborate and seemingly meaningful (and occasionally even deep) stories expanding the prefix.

However, the model output can be wrong or even harmful. This is not surprising as the training data encomapsses the whole human culture, which for the bulk of history was full of bias. If we strive to do, and be, better than our predecessors, the traditional ML approach, using the past for training, is insufficient. We need to devise new methods that will produce outcomes aligned with our values and aspirations.

From HIL to CVAIM

The rise of Human in the Loop AI is famously traced back to AAI -- the Artificial Artificial AI of the AWS, the Mechanical Turk. Initially serving Amazon's own needs and generalized as a service in the early genius of AWS, it spawned a multiplicity of commercial followings, including Crowdflower => Figure Eight, Scale AI, and so on.

The HIL worker is supposed to have a very basic undertsanding of the tasks in hand, such as distinguishing cats from dogs or chairs from tables. The mass market for the human labeling expanded with the ascent of self-driving cars. The problems are generally low-level, the lay is very low, and the labelelled data exists at the bottom of the mighty AI value pyramid.

If we look at history, an early HIL success was the Penn Tree Bank, where students labelled English text corpora to train the early NLP statistical parsers. The process had to be standardized, with supervisors training the labelers and the appropriate UI created to speed up their work.

But this early AI was a far cry from the modern one that can release inmates from prison or make driving decisions, both life and death choices. Industrial AI platforms are now being built that help design new medications and vaccines, discover new materials, optimize energy allocation, and solve other hard problems facing humanity. We also see modern NLP capabilities capturing imagination of developers buliding interactive apps and services generating legal text such as contracts or patents.

Validating such AI output is beyond a typical HIL worker, even a team of those trained for a specific task or project. We need several levels of human validation. Some could be common sense, but others would require domain experts, or Experts in the Loop.

How can such validation be structured?

CVAIM Review Loops

An Expert in the Loop (EIL) setup is an asynchronous review network. For different classes of inputs, Expert Review Loops (ERLs) should be configured, statically or dynamically.

Example 1: Corporate Communications

When an AI model is used to generate marketing text (such as those several GPT-3 based startups are already emitting), it needs to be reviewed by humans from a standard set of comms angles:

is it correct?

is it effective

is it appropriate and free of liability?

A reasonable ERL corresponding to that flow of communocation would include, respectively

Product Manager

Marketing Manager

Legal Counsel

Example 2: Enterprise Knowledge Discovery

A vast amount of knowledge every company holds is locked in so called dark data -- internal SQL tablesm spreadsheets, PDFs, email servers, etc. A lot of it can be analyzed and ingested with the modern NLP tools and turned into actionable knowledge. When such documents are classified, a variety of experts across the company could be called to verify their place in the resulting knowledge graph being built. In that case, a domain expert should be identified and the validation task routed to them, with all the supporting context to enpower them to make the approval decisions.

Example 3: Open Science

For projects such as HuggingFace Big Science we need a broad set of community validators and experts available for a wide range of subjects. Such a review loop could be structured like a Wikipedia moderator network, where community editors self-organize and a senore editor hierarchy emerges, hopefully by merit.

Interactive Tools and Feedback Loops

The review process adds additional information to the system -- the UI could provide for metadata, collaborative comments, delegation, escalation, deduplication, expiration of documents, and so on.

Community Validation Working Group

We propose the establishment of the CVWG that will explore all of the above topics and come up with robust standards and processes for validation of the Foundation Models.

Through engagement of Experts in the Loop, and thorough transparency of the protocols, we should strive to support a deployed FM with the most reassuring review process. In an enterprise product setup, an ERL may follow the deployment pernanently, so that any concerns should be run through it, as well as random or periodic checkpoint reviews.

[hcldr]

HCSM News

RT @StanfordCME: Now Accepting Applications: @StanfordMed Physician Leadership Certificate Program. Apply today to be part of a 6-month co…

— Med Student Bot (@MedStudent_Bot) Aug 20, 2021

[jobrxiv]

Technican and Lab Manager Stanford University @ZucheroLab (http://zucherolab.stanford.edu) is hiring a research technician/lab manager! Come join us @StanfordMed to study #neuroscience and #myelin See the full job description on jobRxiv: https://jobrxiv.org/job/stanford-university-27778-technican-and-lab-manager/?feed_id=44612 #ScienceJobs #hiring #research Stanford, CA #UnitedStatesUS #ResearchTechnician

[mariebenz]

Genetic Testing of Post-Menopausal Breast Cancer Patients

MedicalResearch.com Interview with:

Dr. Kurian Allison W. Kurian, M.D., M.Sc. Associate Professor of Medicine (Oncology) and of Epidemiology and Population Health Director, Women’s Clinical Cancer Genetics Program Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA 94305-5405 MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Genetic testing is increasingly relevant for the care of cancer patients. However, little was known about the prevalence of inherited mutations in cancer susceptibility genes among the most common group of women with breast cancer: those diagnosed after menopause and without a strong family history of cancer.  MedicalResearch.com: What are the main findings?  Response: We tested banked DNA samples from participants of the Women’s Health Initiative study, all of whom were enrolled after menopause. We found that approximately 3.6% of women who developed breast cancer after menopause carry inherited mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes, and approximately 2.2% of women diagnosed under age 65 carry mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2. MedicalResearch.com:  What should readers take away from your report? Response: These numbers are high enough that it is reasonable to consider genetic testing for these patients.  MedicalResearch.com: What recommendations do you have for future research as a result of this work? Response: Future research should evaluate the magnitude of cancer risks, the response to specific cancer treatments and the long-term outcomes associated with inherited mutations in breast cancer risk genes among post-menopausal women Disclosure: Myriad Genetics, who conducted the sequencing, was a funder of this study  Citation: Kurian AW, Bernhisel R, Larson K, et al. Prevalence of Pathogenic Variants in Cancer Susceptibility Genes Among Women With Postmenopausal Breast Cancer. JAMA. 2020;323(10):995–997. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0229   The information on MedicalResearch.com is provided for educational purposes only, and is in no way intended to diagnose, cure, or treat any medical or other condition. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health and ask your doctor any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. In addition to all other limitations and disclaimers in this agreement, service provider and its third party providers disclaim any liability or loss in connection with the content provided on this website.   Read the full article

[gmartinezmolina]

#Repost @stanford.med Save the date for our next StanfordMed Live, as special guest Bill Gates joins Dean @lloydbminor next Wednesday. They’ll discuss #COVID19 and the future of global health, and the event is open to all. #Stanford #StanfordMedicine https://www.instagram.com/p/CGYFB5_HmwR/?igshid=b5waxr0txhrk

[steve-dimitriadis-zonefocus]

via Twitter https://twitter.com/Zonefocusnet

[blairemclaren]

William Dement Death | Cause of Death - William Dement Obituary

William Dement Death | Cause of Death – William Dement Obituary

William Dement Death | William Dement Obituary – Stanford Medicine (@StanfordMed) tweeted on the 18th of June 2020 about the death of William Dement. William Dement was a pioneering researcher, clinician and teacher who founded a new field and launched the world’s first sleep disorders clinic.

He was a “father of sleep medicine,” faculty member of Stanford community. The cause of death was not…

[hcldr]

HCSM News

Now Accepting Applications: @StanfordMed Physician Leadership Certificate Program. Apply today to be part of a 6-month cohort-based foundational learning experience for aspiring #physician leaders. Program beings January 2022. Learn more: https://t.co/kOeMJ6leSv #meded #hcldr https://t.co/qY0J9A0Gbw

— Stanford CME (@StanfordCME) Aug 20, 2021

[kidneystories2013]

American Kidney Fund @KidneyFund Past and present! Dr. Yoshio Hall, Chair of our Clinical Scientist in Nephrology program and former CSN fellow, with current fellow Dr. Katie Wang from @StanfordMed . Dr. Hall will be joining us on Nov. 12 for a special Facebook Live celebrating leaders in nephrology. #KidneyWk (at Northwestern Memorial Hospital) https://www.instagram.com/p/B4k1LDlgu7G/?igshid=14vzv91l2r7zp