#Stage 4 renal cell carcinoma

[delveinsight12]

MET Kinase Inhibitor Market: Size, Target Population, Competitive Landscape, and Forecast to 2034

The MET kinase inhibitor market represents a significant and rapidly advancing segment of cancer therapeutics, particularly in addressing malignancies driven by MET (mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor) signaling dysregulation. These inhibitors target the MET pathway, which is implicated in tumor growth, metastasis, and treatment resistance in various cancers. Here, we delve into the market dynamics, including its size, target population, competitive environment, and future outlook to 2034.

MET Kinase Inhibitor Market Size and Growth Drivers

The MET kinase inhibitor market is forecasted to experience substantial growth through 2034, driven by advancements in oncology research and the increasing prevalence of MET-driven cancers. MET pathway dysregulation is common in cancers like non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), gastric cancer, and papillary renal cell carcinoma, creating significant demand for targeted therapies.

The market is buoyed by:

- Expanding therapeutic applications: Beyond cancer, MET inhibitors are being explored for fibrotic and inflammatory diseases, which could broaden their market scope.

- Rising investments in oncology: Governments and private entities are boosting funding in cancer research, accelerating drug development and commercialization.

- Improved diagnostic capabilities: Advances in precision medicine enable better identification of MET-amplified or overexpressed tumors, facilitating targeted treatment.

North America and Europe are leading markets due to robust healthcare infrastructure and innovation hubs. Meanwhile, the Asia-Pacific region is poised for rapid growth, propelled by rising healthcare spending and increased cancer awareness.

Request for a sample page report @ https://www.delveinsight.com/sample-request/met-kinase-inhibitor-market-forecast

MET Kinase Inhibitor Target Population

The primary target population for MET kinase inhibitors includes patients with cancers harboring MET alterations:

- Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): MET exon 14 skipping mutations and MET amplifications are significant targets in this subset of lung cancer patients.

- Gastric Cancer: MET overexpression is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of gastric and gastroesophageal cancers.

- Renal Cell Carcinoma: MET alterations drive tumor progression in some forms of kidney cancer.

Emerging evidence suggests potential applications in other cancers, including colorectal and breast cancer, expanding the addressable patient pool.

MET Kinase Inhibitor Competitive Landscape

The MET kinase inhibitor market is highly competitive, with both established pharmaceutical giants and innovative biotech companies actively participating. The competition is characterized by diverse therapeutic approaches, including small molecules and antibody-based inhibitors.

MET Kinase Inhibitor Key Players and Therapies

1. Novartis: The company's MET inhibitor, Capmatinib (Tabrecta), is approved for MET exon 14 skipping-mutated NSCLC, setting a benchmark for others in the field.

2. Merck KGaA: Tepotinib (Tepmetko) has shown significant efficacy in treating MET-altered NSCLC, particularly in Asian markets.

3. Eli Lilly: Lilly is actively exploring the potential of MET inhibitors as part of its oncology portfolio.

4. Emerging Biotechs: Several smaller firms are developing novel MET inhibitors, including bispecific antibodies that simultaneously target MET and other pathways to overcome resistance mechanisms.

MET Kinase Inhibitor Pipeline Developments

Over 20 candidates are in various stages of development, reflecting a rich pipeline. Research is focused on improving specificity, reducing toxicity, and exploring combination therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors and other agents.

MET Kinase Inhibitor Technological Innovations

Innovation is pivotal to the MET inhibitor market. Key advancements include:

- Combination Therapy: Co-targeting MET and other pathways, such as EGFR or ALK, to enhance efficacy and overcome resistance.

- Biomarker-Driven Approaches: Precision diagnostics are integral to identifying suitable patients, ensuring higher therapeutic success.

- Optimized Delivery Systems: Improving oral bioavailability and reducing side effects are priorities in new formulations.

Download sample report @ https://www.delveinsight.com/sample-request/met-kinase-inhibitor-market-forecast

MET Kinase Inhibitor Market Challenges

Despite its promising trajectory, the MET kinase inhibitor market faces challenges:

1. Resistance Development: Tumors often develop resistance to MET inhibitors, necessitating new-generation therapies.

2. High Costs: Expensive R&D processes and drug pricing limit accessibility, particularly in emerging markets.

3. Regulatory Hurdles: The stringent regulatory environment requires extensive clinical data for approval, prolonging time-to-market.

These challenges are being addressed through collaborative R&D, cost-sharing models, and regulatory streamlining.

MET Kinase Inhibitor Forecast to 2034

The MET kinase inhibitor market is projected to achieve multi-billion-dollar revenues by 2034, with a robust CAGR. Growth will be driven by:

- Expanded Indications: Beyond oncology, research into MET inhibitors for fibrosis and inflammatory diseases could open new markets.

- Global Access: Initiatives to improve drug affordability and access in low- and middle-income countries will play a key role in market expansion.

- Technological Advancements: Continued innovation in drug delivery and biomarker-driven treatments will enhance adoption.

North America and Europe will maintain leadership in market share, while Asia-Pacific emerges as a key growth region due to rising healthcare infrastructure and patient awareness.

The MET kinase inhibitor market represents a dynamic and transformative segment in precision oncology. With ongoing advancements in diagnostics, therapeutic efficacy, and broader clinical applications, MET inhibitors hold immense potential to redefine cancer treatment paradigms. Stakeholders—including pharmaceutical companies, healthcare providers, and policymakers—must navigate challenges while seizing opportunities to capitalize on this promising market.

For a comprehensive analysis, including detailed market forecasts and emerging trends, refer to the [DelveInsight MET Kinase Inhibitor Market Report](https://www.delveinsight.com/report-store/met-kinase-inhibitor-market-forecast).

[stevenwilliam12]

Unmasking the 7 Most Widespread Myths About Breast Cancer

Breast cancer remains one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers, yet misconceptions about the disease continue to persist. Understanding the facts is vital for early detection, prevention, and support for those affected. Here, we unmask seven of the most widespread myths about breast cancer, clarifying the truths behind them.

1. Myth: Only Women Get Breast Cancer

Fact:While breast cancer is predominantly diagnosed in women, men are not immune. Approximately 1% of all breast cancer cases occur in men, amounting to about 2,500 diagnoses each year in the United States. Men should also be aware of potential symptoms and engage in conversations about breast health, as early detection is essential for effective treatment.

2. Myth: A Lump Is the Only Warning Sign

Fact:Many people associate breast cancer solely with the presence of a lump, but this is just one of several possible warning signs. Other symptoms include changes in breast shape or size, skin irritation, dimpling, or unusual discharge from the nipple. Awareness of these varied symptoms is crucial for early diagnosis.

3. Myth: Wearing a Bra Can Cause Breast Cancer

Fact:The belief that wearing underwire bras or specific types of bras increases breast cancer risk has been debunked by scientific research. There is no credible evidence to support this claim. Factors such as genetics, age, and lifestyle choices like diet and exercise have a much more significant impact on breast cancer risk.

4. Myth: Breast Cancer Is Always Hereditary

Fact:While family history can elevate the risk of developing breast cancer, the majority of cases occur in women with no family history of the disease. Genetic mutations like BRCA1 and BRCA2 contribute to only 5-10% of breast cancer cases. Regular screenings and awareness of personal risk factors are important for everyone, regardless of family history.

5. Myth: Mammograms Are Only Necessary After Age 50

Fact:Current guidelines recommend that women start getting regular mammograms at age 40 or earlier if they have specific risk factors. Early detection through screening can significantly improve treatment outcomes, as the chances of successful intervention are much higher when the cancer is diagnosed at an early stage.

6. Myth: Mastectomies Are Required for All Breast Cancer Patients

Fact:Not all breast cancer patients need to undergo mastectomy. Treatment plans are tailored based on the stage and type of cancer, as well as individual patient preferences and medical history. A lumpectomy followed by radiation therapy is often a viable option, allowing for breast conservation while effectively treating the cancer.

7. Myth: A Healthy Lifestyle Guarantees You Won't Get Breast Cancer

Fact:While maintaining a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of developing breast cancer, it does not guarantee immunity. Factors such as genetics and age still play a significant role in breast cancer risk. Regular screenings and self-exams remain crucial for everyone, regardless of lifestyle choices, as they can help identify changes early on.

Conclusion

Dispelling myths surrounding breast cancer is essential for fostering understanding and support. Education about the realities of breast cancer empowers individuals to take charge of their health, promoting early detection and treatment options. This Breast Cancer Awareness Month, let’s prioritize sharing accurate information and encouraging open discussions about breast cancer, helping to dismantle stigma and support those affected by the disease. By unmasking these widespread myths, we can pave the way for better awareness, research, and ultimately, improved outcomes for all.

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[motivelinks]

Effective Kidney Cancer Treatment in Hisar: Get Back to Health

Comprehensive Kidney Cancer Treatment at GJMH

Kidney cancer is a severe health complication that needs to be handled by experts and health practitioners. The Guru Jambheshwar Multispeciality Hospital located in Agroha offers its patients state-of-art amenities with professional care from doctors. This article will look at the sorts of kidney cancer treatment in Hisar provided in GJMH, arising, manifestations, diagnosing, progressed treatment modalities accessible in this revered medical organization. 

Understanding Kidney Cancer 

Kidney cancer develops in the cells of the reinforced kidneys, which are in charge of purifying the blood and creating urine. The majority of kidney cancer cases in adults are categorized as RCC and it affects approximately 85% of the patients. Others are less frequent and include transitional cell carcinoma, Wilms’ tumor especially in children, and renal sarcomas. 

Types of Kidney Tumors 

Kidney tumors can be classified into two main categories: 

Benign Kidney Tumors: Some of the renal benign tumors are renal adenoma, angiomyolipoma, oncocytoma, fibroma, lipoma, etc. Unlike the primary liver cancers they are not spread to other organs and are less invasive. 

Malignant Kidney Tumors: Some of the cancerous tumors include; Renal cell carcinoma RCC. which is more common in adult ages and Wilms tumor more frequent in children ages. 

Causes and Risk Factors 

Several risk factors are associated with kidney cancer, including: 

Tobacco Use: Habits such as smoking and chewing tobacco constitute some of the common risk factors. 

Obesity: Obesity predisposes one to develop kidney cancer, he said. 

High Blood Pressure: Hypertension is associated with kidney cancer due to the increased rate of onset. 

Diet: One can observe that fat and junk foods can lead to kidney cancer through incorrect nutrition. 

Genetic Factors: In about 4-6% of the cases, the epilepsies are associated with hereditary factors. 

Chronic Kidney Disease: higher prevalence of malnutrition is found among patients on long term dialysis. 

Symptoms of Kidney Cancer 

Most of the time, kidney cancer in its initial stages is asymptomatic, and by the time the onset of the symptoms is noticed, the disease might be in its advanced stages, and this can be detected during imaging for other ailments. However, as the disease progresses, symptoms may include:

This could be flank pain or the sensation of something heavy in the flank/back 

Microscopic haematuria or gross haematuria depend upon the amount of RBC present in the urine. 

Unexplained weight loss 

Loss of appetite 

Fever 

Anemia 

Diagnostic Techniques 

Kidney cancer is another disease that if diagnosed early, has high chances of treatment. At GJMH, a comprehensive diagnostic approach includes: 

History and Physical Examination: A preliminary assessment of signs and symptoms as well the patient’s risk factors. 

Blood and Urine Tests: T-initial tests that could outline if an individual has an abnormality. 

Imaging Techniques: Scans such as ultrasound, CT urography or even the PET scans to capture images of the kidneys to the highest level. 

Cystoscopy: A process of viewing the inner part of the bladder through the insertion of a pipe containing a video camera. 

Biopsy: In some instances, a biopsy may be performed although this is not always necessary in the treatment of the illness. 

Specialized Management at GJMH 

The specializations of GJMH reveal that the facility has several modern methods of tackling kidney cancer, and kidney cancer treatment in Haryana is always customized to suit the individual’s needs. The main treatment modalities include: 

Radical Nephrectomy: This surgical operation may entail the radical nephrectomy which entails the removal of the kidney coupled with tissues and the affected lymph nodes. It is normally done when the tumor size is big or when the tumor is infiltrative. Laparoscopic procedures – also known as minimally invasive operations – are also possible at GJMH; however, classical open procedures are also possible at this organization. 

Partial Nephrectomy (Nephron-Sparing Surgery): For tumors that are less than 4 cm in size and selected cases up to 7 cm, the tumor is removed with the surrounding healthy renal tissue to leave a healthy margin of kidney tissue. It is also essential in preserving kidney function and is done by either Laparoscopic or Open Surgery. 

Ablation Techniques: Surgical approaches like radio frequency ablation or cryoablation meaning that they are used in procedures that use radio frequency or coldness respectively to kill cancer cells. Such methods are applicable in case of small tumor size and patients who are ineligible for the surgery. 

Targeted Therapy: Due to advanced stages of kidney cancer the drugs which are effective in inhibiting cancer cell growth and other pathways usually are administered. These therapies assist in decelerating the progression of the disease, Nevertheless, they are commonly administered as a complementary to other therapies. 

Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy drugs assist the body immune system in identifying cancerous cells and destroying them. These treatments are applied most often in specific cases of the progression of renal cancer to the carcinoma stage. 

Expert Care at GJMH 

GJMH at Agroha has modern infrastructure and a team of proficient uro- oncologists led by Dr Kshitij Bishnoi who has a vast experience in managing kidney cancer surgery. The available treatments address the patient’s needs while advocating for quality care, and desired results. 

Comprehensive Care and Support: The patients that are attended to at the GJMH are treated not only clinically, but also psychologically and emotionally. It means that while treating cancer patients, there are oncologists, urologists, radiologists, and other supportive care members who develop a concrete care plan for a particular patient. 

Advanced Technology: GJMH provides the highly effective diagnostic and therapeutic technologies and resources, the contemporary imaging system, minimally invasive equipment, chemotherapy tools, etc. This helps in making the right diagnosis and treatment and also reduces the time that an individual takes to recover. 

Multimodal Therapy Type for the Disease: The approach used in the GJMH is comprehensive which implies the consideration of the patient’s welfare in totality. This includes; nutrition advice, physical therapy, anesthesia and psycho-social care. The aim is not only to eradicate the sickness and have the clients fight cancer but also to see to it that the clients do not undergo unbelievable suffering or poor quality life even after being treated. 

Patient-Centric Services: Besides, GJMH focuses on good service delivery to clients where the patient is always treated as a special and unique individual. Each patient works with one of the hospital’s patient coordinators, who helps with appointments, scheduling of treatments, and anything that the patient or their family might have questions or any issues with. 

Community Outreach and Awareness 

Through various community outreach programs, GJMH is sensitive to the promotion of the existence, prevalence, and causes of Kidney cancer in Agroha, Hisar and the rest of the Haryana region. Health camps, seminars and awareness programs are often organized for the purpose of spreading awareness on early identification and methods of prevention. The key argument that the hospital holds is that informed communities make appropriate decisions to maintain a fight against cancer.

Why Choose GJMH For Kidney Treatment? 

Population, especially those in Agroha, Hisar and the entire Haryana state benefit from quality kidney cancer treatments at GJMH. The hospital is a goldmine of services and people seeking kidney cancer treatment in Agroha, in Hisar, and in Haryana must consider this hospital as their go-to destination. By using sophisticated equipment and employing sophisticated professional staff, the best scenario of kidney cancer treatment is guaranteed at GJMH. 

Locating Kidney Cancer Treatment Close to Your Neighborhood

GJMH has fully equipped various facilities to help those who are looking for kidney cancer treatment near me, GJMH hospital is situated in Agroha hence patients from Hisar, Haryana and surrounding areas can easily access the hospital. As a result, GJMH aims at offering quality services of kidney cancer treatment to immediate and extended regions through access to professional medical solutions.  The loyalties to GJMH that patients stand to gain from include the hospital’s surgical care strategies, modern technology, and procedures, as well as board-credentialed medical specialists. This is a good point because it makes patients expect direct handling and medical attention which is in a line of individualized treatment. 

Conclusion 

The multi bedded facility of Guru Jambheshwar Multispeciality Hospital (GJMH) situated in Agroha is one of the most renowned hospitals for treating kidney cancer patients belonging to the region of Agroha, Hisar, and Haryana. The hospital has modern equipment; the most recent technology used in its operations, and a team of experienced personnel makes the hospital the best place for kidney cancer treatment. As a result of patient-oriented approach and comprehensive treatment of kidney cancer, GJMH provides optimal outcomes regarding patients’ health. 

[tommyysscott]

How Expensive Is Pazopanib Votrient

Generic PAZOPANIB / Brand VOTRIENT 200mg / 400mg Tablet is prescribed for treating cancer in the kidney (renal cell carcinoma) which is at the advanced stage. Pazopanib / Votrient medicine is also found to be effective in treating a tumor known as soft tissue sarcoma that are found around the areas of muscles, joints, organs, blood vessels, or tendons.

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[texasmedicalconcierge]

Kidney cancer is a sort of cancer that starts in the kidney. The cancer starts when the body’s cells start developing out of control.

Anatomy Kidneys are two bean-shaped organs that are each around the size of fist. Behind abdominal organs, kidneys is on either side of spine. The upper and lower parts of each kidney sometimes called the upper and lower pole. The main function of the kidneys is to remove excess water, salt and waste from the blood from the renal arteries.

Renal cell carcinoma is the most prevalent form of carcinoma in adults. There could be more uncommon kidney malignancies than usual. Wilms’ tumor, a kind of kidney cancer, is more common in young children.

It seems to be becoming more common one explanation for this might be the rising popularity of imaging techniques like computerized tomography (CT) scans. These examinations could unintentionally find more kidney tumors than expected. This cancer is frequently detected in its early stages when the tumor is small and restricted to the kidney.

Symptoms- In its early stages, there are usually no signs or symptoms of early-stage kidney cancer. Signs and symptoms may develop over time including:

1.Blood may be present in your urine, which may be pink, red, or coke-colored. 2.You have side or back ache that does not go away. 3.Reduced appetite 4.Unaccounted weight loss 5.Tiredness 6.Fever

For continued reading, please visit- https://blog.texasmedicalconcierge.in/kidney-cancer/

www.texasmedicalconcierge.in

#kidneycancer#kidney#cancer#cancerousmemes#medicalclinic#conciergemedicine#wellness#healthylifestyle

[cancertherapy]

Kidney (Renal Cell) Cancer - Symptoms, Risks and Types of Stages

Kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each approx the size of an individual’s fist. They are located behind the intestines, with one kidney on both sides of the spine. Their main function is to clean the blood by removing waste products and making urine. The urine passes from each kidney by a long tube called a ureter into the bladder. The bladder stores the urine until it passes through the urethra and leaves the body.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is also known as renal adenocarcinoma, hypernephroma, renal or kidney cancer. The rate of kidney cancer seems to be higher because imaging procedures such as computerized tomography (CT) scans are being used more often. These tests may develop the accidental discovery of more kidney cancers. At Cancer Therapy India, a multidisciplinary team of the best oncologist in Bangalore offers a variety of therapies to help keep an individual strong during and after treatment. 

Symptoms of Kidney Cancer

In the beginning, renal cell carcinoma does not usually cause any signs or symptoms. As the disease gets more severe, one might have some warning signs such as:

A lump on belly, side, or lower back

Blood in pee

Low back pain on both or one side

Losing weight for no clear reason

Not feeling hungry

Fever

Feeling tired and lazy

Not enough red blood cells (anemia)

Night sweats

High levels of calcium in the blood

High blood pressure

If you notice any of these symptoms then consult the visit to the best hospital in Bangalore for kidney cancer treatment.

Risk factors of Kidney Cancer

Factors that can higher the risk of kidney cancer include:

Older age

Smoking

Obesity

High blood pressure (Hypertension)

Treatment for kidney failure

Certain inherited syndromes

Family history of kidney cancer

Stages of Kidney Cancer

Kidney cancer is divided into 4 stages. They are:

Stage 1: In this stage, a tumor of about 7 cm or smaller appears in the kidney.

Stage 2: A tumor larger than 7 cm is in the kidney.

Stage 3: In this stage,

A tumor is in the kidney and has at least spread to one nearby lymph node.

A tumor is the kidney’s main blood vessel and may be in the close lymph node.

A tumor is in the fatty tissue around the kidney and may spread to the nearby lymph nodes.

A tumor grows into the veins or the perinephric tissues but not beyond the Gerota’s fascia or into the ipsilateral adrenal gland.

Stage 4: In kidney cancer stage 4,

Cancer has grown more and spread beyond the fat layer of tissue around the kidneys and may also be near the lymph nodes.

Cancer may have spread to other parts of the body such as the bowel, lungs, or pancreas.

Cancer has spread beyond Gerota’s fascia and spread into the ipsilateral adrenal gland.

Diagnosis of Kidney Cancer

If the surgeon suspects that an individual has kidney cancer, they’ll ask a few questions about personal and family medical history and then do a physical examination. Findings that can indicate kidney cancer include swelling or lumps in the abdomen, or, in men, enlarged veins in the scrotal sac (varicocele).

If kidney cancer is suspected, the surgeon will suggest several tests to get an accurate diagnosis. These may include:

Complete blood count

CT scan

Abdominal and kidney ultrasounds

Urine examination

Biopsy

Treatments for Kidney Cancer

The experts may recommend one or more kidney cancer treatment options depending on the stage.

Surgery

Surgery can involve different types of procedures. In a partial nephrectomy, part of the kidney is removed while in a nephrectomy, the complete kidney may be removed. Depending on how much cancer has spread, more extensive surgery may be required to remove surrounding tissue, lymph nodes, and adrenal gland. This is a radical nephrectomy. If both kidneys are removed, then dialysis or a transplant is compulsory.

Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy involves using high-energy or powerful X-rays to destroy cancer cells. Radiation therapy is sometimes Read More

[bluebliss1]

What is Kidney Cancer?

What is Kidney Cancer

Kidneys are bean-shaped organs that purify blood in the human body. Any dysfunctioning in the kidneys disrupts the functioning of the entire body. Kidney Cancer, also called renal cancer occurs when cells in the kidney mutate. This unwanted and uncontrollable mutation leads to cell growth that eventually forms a tumour or damaged tissues. Most of the time it is curable if detected at an early stage when the cancer is underdeveloped. If cancer spreads beyond kidneys then it becomes difficult to treat and is challenging for the doctor to cure the patients. With the blessing of advanced medical research and development, technology has now made it possible to cure kidney cancer even if it is detected at an advanced stage.

TYPES OF KIDNEY CANCER

Renal Cell Carcinoma: The most common type of kidney cancer is Renal cell Carcinoma. In this type of cancer, the tumour usually grows in one kidney. It is a very fast-growing cancer that spreads to the surrounding organs rapidly. Cancer develops in Renal tubes and later gets spread. Patients may not be able to diagnose this cancer in its early stage as it is symptom-free at first. However, later on, the patient might lose his appetite, lose extreme weight, and feel other changes in their body.

Nephroblastoma: Another type of cancer that is most common in children is Wilms tumour which is also known as nephroblastoma. It often occurs in children ages 3 to 4 and becomes less common after the age of 5. The treatment used for children is very much different from that of an adult. This type of cancer is treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Though the causes of kidney cancer aren’t clear yet. Still, it is said that heredity plays a role in Nephroblastoma.

CAUSES OF KIDNEY CANCER

For patients with acute kidney problems hemodialysis is the only way of treatment until a proper transplant surgery. Therefore it is impossible for such patients to discontinue the process of dialysis at any cost. The Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) has thus come up with a set of rules and regulations as well as special facilities in order to aid the requirements of hemodialysis patients. This new set of rules and regulations has been sent to every state’s health facilities which demand hospitals and clinics with dialysis facilities to take certain precaution and care of the employees as well as patients. This initiative by CDC has ensured the continuation of hemodialysis, the only life supporting procedure for kidney patients.

WHAT MEASURES ARE BEING TAKEN TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF COVID-19 AMONG KIDNEY PATIENTS?

Though it is very hard to figure out which risk factor leads to kidney cancer yet some common risk factors in kidney cancer may include

Obesity,

Smoking,

High blood pressure,

Long-term dialysis.

Moderate consumption of alcohol is also considered as a rare risk factor in kidney cancer.

TREATMENT OF KIDNEY CANCER

Nephrectomy: Treatment of kidney cancer depends on the general factors like stages of cancer, health, age, etc. but the most common way of treatment is surgery which is also known as Nephrectomy. Most of the time people with early-stage cancer can be easily cured through nephrectomy.

Thermal ablation: In some other cases, Thermal ablation or Active surveillance is also used. Thermal ablation kills the tumour by burning or freezing. It is done by radio-frequency ablation (burning) or cryoablation (freezing).

Active surveillance: Whereas in some cases where active surveillance is used, a small tumour is closely watched to see if it grows. This requires close monitoring and regular imaging and this type of treatment can only be done if the patient is old or has some health problems such as diabetes or heart disease.

Some people find it very difficult to eat during kidney cancer as they might lose their appetite but it is a must to take good nutrition during the cancer treatment. Intake of nutrients and calories will help them to regain the weight they have lost during the treatment and will also give them physical strength.

[shahinrezakhan]

Most of the people know that a cancer patient has a lots of pain in his/her body. But very few people know the mental state of a cancer patient. Mental pain is much more hard to bear.

I was diagnosed with cancer about five and half years ago. I had three major surgeries. First I lost my right kidney, then cancer spreaded in in my chest and went under surgery. Then spreaded in my head and went under brain surgery. I still have cancer in my Pericardial region, intra perotid gland and mediastinal glands. Because of many other physical complications I cannot take chemotherapy, immuno cell therapy and targeted therapy.

I am not afraid of cancer. Why one question always brothers me,"how much more I have to take and how long can I hold on"?

Only easy option for me right is go again under surgery and radiotherapy.

[argylemnwrites]

Lending a Hand

Pairing: Seth Levine x MC (Jessica Parker)

Book: Red Carpet Diaries (between books 2 and 3)

Word Count: ~1200

Rating: G

Summary: In light of a tragedy in Jessica’s family, Seth tries to be helpful with some chores, but that’s not the help she needs the most.

Author’s Note: Yes, these are supposed to be fluffy little drabbles. Yes, I just wrote one about a death in the family, because my brain just can’t help but blend the fluff with some angst. Oops. This wasn’t even what I intended to write when I selected this prompt for this couple, but I don’t know, it just happened, probably because Jessica’s father featured strongly in my head canon, but in book 3, he’s not mentioned at all. So, this is 13. Washing Dishes from the domestic fluff prompts list. Trigger warning for mentions of death.

Seth sighed, sinking his hands into the warm water, pulling out a serving bowl and beginning to scrub it. It was strangely similar to when he was here not even two months ago. Except back then, he’d been helping Jessica’s father clean up after a Christmas Day feast. Now, he was tackling this chore all alone.

He’d been shocked when Jessica had called him, her voice so small and timid, telling him that her father had died. He’d been there with Jessica the day after Christmas, when her parents sat her down and told her that Mike had cancer - renal cell carcinoma, stage 4. He’d done some reading on Google and WebMD, so he’d known it was not good news, but Seth had figured he had a couple of years left, not just a couple of months. But things progressed quickly, apparently.

Seth had already been in the Midwest, doing a comedy show tour at some college campuses. He canceled his shows for the next two weeks immediately, renting a car and making the drive from Indianapolis right away so that he could pick up Jessica from the airport. He’d met her at baggage claim, wrapping his arms around her, trying to lend any support or comfort he could. He’d only met Mike a couple of times, and while he liked the guy, it wasn’t like that could compare to Jessica losing her father.

For the past few days, he’d tried to be the Parker family’s errand boy. Trips to the grocery store, calling the local paper to confirm the obituary, driving people to the funeral home, going to pick up take out, Seth had done it all. He felt like it was the best way he could help. He couldn’t help but feel a little bit like an intruder on the family’s grief. All of Jessica’s aunts, uncles, and cousins, plus their spouses and kids, on her dad’s side of the family lived pretty close, and they’d all known Mike for years and years. He was this awkward LA tag-along who barely knew the guy in the grand scheme of things.

Plus, Seth knew if he were to sit around and chat with any of Jessica’s relatives, he was likely to crack a joke to try and lighten the mood. It was his go-to move, and he knew it would be wildly inappropriate here. So he’d kept busy. Practically useful was better than awkward joke teller, he knew that as a fact. And since he knew nothing about Presbyterian funeral customs, he let the others handle that while he tackled the practical, day to day things that still needed to be done.

Which is how he found himself spending a lot of time in the kitchen, reheating casseroles that neighbors and friends brought over and cleaning up after all the meals. With dozens of Parkers swinging by at all hours of the day, there was plenty to keep him busy. Tonight he was cleaning up from a meal of tater tot casserole and seven layer salad. It tasted quite a bit like his childhood.

He’d finished the ceramic bowl and was moving on to a glass pan when the kitchen door swung open and in walked Jessica. Seth felt like he had barely seen her since picking her up at the airport. She’d been practically glued to her mother’s side, which Seth completely understood. 

“Hey,” he called out, “just finishing up the dishes. Do you need something?”

She shook her head and walked over to join him at the sink, grabbing a dish towel off the refrigerator handle on her way. She picked up one of the platters off the drying rack and got to work, “I thought you might need some help.”

“Don’t worry about it,” Seth replied with a little shake of his head, “I’ve got it under control if you want to-”

“Seth,” she interrupted, grabbing his shoulder with her free hand, “I wanted some company, okay?”

He just nodded at her before turning back to the dishes and taking a deep breath. “Don’t make a stupid joke. Don’t do it,” kept cycling through his mind. He just kept his mouth shut, focusing on the dishes.

After several moments of silence, he felt Jessica’s hand on his arm, “I want you to know you don’t have to take care of all of this stuff. Don’t get me wrong, we appreciate it, but you don’t have to do all the work.”

“I’m just doing what I can to be helpful.”

“Seth, you just being here is plenty helpful.”

He didn’t know about that, but when Jessica turned into him, wrapping her arms around his waist, he pulled her in for a tight hug. They stood like that for several minutes until Jessica stepped back, grabbing the towel and starting to dry the dishes again.

“I know this probably isn’t the most comfortable thing for you,” she said, not making eye contact, but starting at the bowl she was drying like it was completely fascinating, “but I’d really like it if you could sit with me tomorrow at the funeral.”

“Of course I’ll sit with you, Jessica, if that’s what you want,” he said, glancing at her as he picked up another pan to wash.

She nodded, but she remained oddly silent. Seth felt like he was missing something, and as scared as he was of saying the wrong thing, he didn’t like Jessica being so quiet around him, either.

“Jessica, is something wrong? I mean, obviously something is wrong; you’re here for your dad’s funeral. I just meant… well, it seems like-”

“Seth, I get that it might be awkward for you here, or whatever, but I kind wish you would spend a little less time hiding out in the kitchen and a little more time with me.”

At her words, he felt a wave of realization wash over him. He’d been so stupid, so focused on providing physical, practical support, that he’d not been great emotional support.

“Ahh, Jessica. Look, I never meant to ignore you. I just felt like I was intruding on your family’s grief. I figured you’d get more comfort from people that knew your father best.”

“While talking and reminiscing with my family is great, I really need you, Seth.”

Seth tugged her into another hug, not wanting her to feel alone for even a second longer. He wasn’t used to having someone rely on him like Jessica apparently did, but if she trusted him that much, then all he could do was try and live up to her faith in him.

“I’m sorry, Jessica,” he mumbled into her curls, “I’m here for you, I promise.”

He felt her nodding against his chest, letting out a sigh, “Thanks, Seth.”

“I can’t promise I won’t say the wrong thing, though. So I apologize in advance if I say something that’s supposed to make you laugh or smile and just makes you cringe.”

Jessica tipped her head back, looking at Seth in the eye, “I’m sure it won’t make me cringe. I like that you are always looking to cheer me up, you know. Come on, someone else can finish up the dishes, okay?”

And with that, she tugged him out into the living room. Seth didn’t know what he was going to say to all her relatives, but if Jessica wanted him by her side, well then that’s where he would be.

Permatag: @speedyoperarascalparty @mfackenthal  @lilyofchoices  @thequeenofcronuts  @jamesashtonisbae 

Red Carpet Diaries: @octobereighth  

Seth x MC only: @choicesarehard​

[enzaime-blog]

He suddenly felt in his stomach

New Story has been published on https://enzaime.com/suddenly-felt-stomach/

He suddenly felt in his stomach

In the summer of 2003, I was enjoying a typical day in my native Pakistan, playing a round of golf with friends on a sunny day, when shooting pain in my abdomen suddenly overwhelmed me. Having passed out from the pain, I woke up to find myself in a hospital. Doctors immediately diagnosed me with severe pancreatitis, and I went directly into surgery. But what the surgeons found was much worse than pancreatitis: Cancer had spread throughout my kidney. I was diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma, and surgeons removed the kidney immediately.

Eight years later, I was 50 years old, and my family and I had all but forgotten my traumatic illness. However, in March 2015, pain began to flare up, once again, in my abdomen. I knew something was wrong, and my suspicions were confirmed when doctors diagnosed me with necrotizing pancreatitis. Surgeons opted to perform surgery and debrided the necrotic portions of my pancreas. During surgery, they found I had Stage 4 renal cell carcinoma that had spread throughout my abdomen and formed several tumors. After the surgery, I dealt with numerous complications, including a bleeding tumor.

My wife, Zahra, and I had recently moved into a new home in Pakistan but maintained a home in Philadelphia where Zahra had family. I had been contemplating starting work in Philadelphia, and with my diagnosis, we didn’t give it a second thought. We traveled from Pakistan to Philadelphia, and before the plane had landed, my wife had scheduled appointments for me at two hospitals. After visiting a few different cancer centers in the area, I decided on Fox Chase Cancer Center, which one of my cousins had recommended after having a tumor removed there.

In August 2015, I found something unexpected: Amid countless procedures, diagnoses, unanswered questions, and severe pain, I found hope. After meeting with Dr. Sanjay S. Reddy, a surgical oncologist at Fox Chase, I felt hope for the first time since this whole ordeal began.

I’m so fortunate to have met Dr. Reddy. He refuses to give up, and for me and Zahra, giving up wasn’t an option either, although it had been presented to us many times. Some doctors recommended I sign up for hospice care and said I only had a five percent chance of survival. But not Dr. Reddy. He refused to give up, and he inspired me to do the same.

To reduce the size of the tumors, Dr. Joshua E. Meyer, a radiation oncologist at Fox Chase, ordered five rounds of radiation. After three months, scans showed that not only had the bleeding stopped, but the tumor was completely gone and the other tumors had shrunk in half. In three months, my health had completely changed. I credit my success to Dr. Reddy and all the staff at Fox Chase.

Along with Dr. Reddy and Dr. Meyer, I also receive treatment from Dr. Daniel M. Geynisman, a medical oncologist, and Dr. Jeffrey Tokar, a gastroenterologist at Fox Chase. With help from nurses and staff, I have an amazing and devoted team working on my treatment. After several surgeries, multiple diagnoses, and numerous other procedures, I’m now on my way to recovery. Dr. Geynisman makes me and Zahra feel like he’s listening to what we’re saying. We wanted a one-on-one experience and didn’t want to feel like I was just another patient. And we found that experience at Fox Chase.

It has now been two years since I was diagnosed. I take a daily targeted therapy to keep the tumors from growing and keep the cancer from spreading. Because I’m taking an oral targeted therapy, my quality of life is much better. At one point, my tumors had been consistently shrinking, but on one scan, Dr. Geynisman noticed there was no change. He enrolled me in a clinical trial investigating a double immunotherapy. Unfortunately, my body did not respond well to the immunotherapy. I had fevers, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Dr. Geynisman put me back on targeted therapy, and within a week, I started feeling better. Since then, I’ve had two scans that have shown the tumors are shrinking.

The hardest part of my cancer journey has been my inability to travel to Pakistan to see my family. My mother is elderly and cannot travel to the United States often to see me. And my 17-year-old daughter is in Pakistan, while my son is studying engineering at McGill University in Canada. My real estate business in Pakistan has continued, but I haven’t been able to make any new investments since my diagnosis. Fortunately, I’m very close with my wife’s family who all live in Philadelphia. They provide me and Zahra with emotional and physical support.

I wouldn’t be here today without Dr. Reddy, my wife, and my faith. For my family, it wasn’t just one procedure or one doctor that led to healing—rather, it was the culmination of a healthy diet, support from family and friends, a positive attitude, and doctors working together as a team.

Now, I can be found exactly where I left off: on the golf course. I can play nine holes of golf and be OK. I’ve even started cooking. My wife and I take full advantage of living in Philadelphia—eating out, exploring the city, and biking as much as possible. Zahra and I started investing in real estate and started a food bank in Pakistan. I intend to enjoy every aspect of life as I continue to fight for my health.

Without Zahra, my recovery would have been impossible. Without Dr. Reddy and his team, it would have been hopeless.

[cayconmedia]

Hibiscus Sabdariffa

Hibiscus tea is a herbal tea made as an infusion from crimson or deep magenta-colored calyces (sepals) of the roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) flower. It is consumed both hot and cold. It has a tart, cranberry-like flavor.

Hibiscus  sabdariffa  is  a  medicinal  plant  that  is  consumed  for  its  health benefits, juice/concoction  prepared from  the plant  is taken  as  a preventive/curative  measures against  diabetes  and  hypertension.  The antihypertensive  and  other  pharmacological properties  such  as  antibacterial, anti-oxidant,  nephro-  and  hepato-protective, renal/diuretic  effect,  anti-cholesterol,  and anti-diabetic  effects of  Hibiscus sabdariffa have  been demonstrated  in  several  studies.  Constituents  of  different  plant  parts  of Hibiscus sabdariffa  include phenolic acids,  organic acid, flavonoids  and anthocyanins which may contribute to the pharmacological effects of the plant. Hibiscus sabdariffa is relatively  safe  as  LD50  of  its  extract  in  rats  was found  to  be  above  5000  mg/kg. Therefore, Hibiscus  sabdariffa  because  of its  pharmacological and  nutritional  benefits could  be  exploited  in  the management  of  various  pathological  conditions  such  as cardiovascular disease, cancer, neurological disorders and diabetes. 

Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) is a derivative of citric acid that is found in a variety of tropical plants including Garcinia cambogia and Hibiscus subdariffa.

Anticancer effect  In  vitro  studies  have  shown  that  Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts can  induce apoptosis  in  cancer cells.  Hibiscus  polyphenol-rich  extracts  (HPE) induce  cell  death  in  human  gastric  carcinoma (AGS)  in  a  concentration-dependent  manner  (Lin et al., 2005; Lin et al., 2007), this effect of HPE on AGS cells was mediated via p53 signalling and p38 MAPK/FasL  cascade  pathway  (Lin  et  al,  2005). Also,  Hibiscus  anthocyanins  extract  (a  group  of natural  pigments  existing  in  the  dried  calyx  of Hibiscus  sabdariffa  L.)  caused  cancer  cell apoptosis,  in  HL-60  cells  (Chang  et  al,  2005; Sowemimo  et  al.,  2007),  similarly  Delphinidin  3-sambubioside  (Dp3-Sam),  isolated from  the  dried calices  of  Hibiscus sabdariffa L.  induce  apoptosis in  human  leukemia  cells  (HL-60)  (Hou  et  al, 2005).  Anticlastogenic  effects  of  Hibiscus sabdariffa  extract  has been  demonstrated  against sodium arsenite-induced micronuclei  formation in erythrocytesin mouse bone marrow (Adetutu et al., 2004). Various studies on  Hibiscus protocatechuic acid  has  demonstrated  its  ability  to  inhibit  the carcinogenic  action  of  various  chemicals  in different  tissues  of  the  rat,  including  diethyl nitrosamine  in  the  liver  (Tanaka  et  al.,  1993),  4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide in the oral cavity (Tanaka et al., 1994), azoxymethane in the colon (Kawamori et al.,  1994),  N-methyl-N-nitrosourea  in  glandular stomach  tissue (Tanaka  et  al.,  1995)  and  Nbutyl- N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine  in  the  bladder (Hirose  et  al.,  1995).  Tseng  et  al.  (2000)  also demonstrated  that  Hibiscus  protocatechuic  acid inhibits  the  survival of  human  promyelocytic HL-60  cells  in  a  concentration-  and  time-dependent manner. The data presented by Tseng et al. (2000) suggest that the compound is an apoptosis inducer in  human  leukaemia  cells  and  that  RB phosphorylation  and  Bcl-2  protein  may  play  a crucial role in the early stage.

Conclusion  The  information  from  in vitro  and  in-vivo  studies shows  a  wide  range  of  potentially  new  health applications  and  therapeutic  targets  for  Hibiscus sabdariffa.  Hibiscus  sabdariffa  is  relatively  safe and  virtually  non-toxic.  Many  pharmacological properties of H. sabdariffa may be attributed to the presence  of  a  plethora  of  phytochemicals  in  the plant.  The  potent  antioxidant  activity  of  Hibiscus sabdariffa may  be  linked  to  the presence different antioxidants  compounds  with  differing  sites  and mechanisms  of  action  which  may  act  alone  or  in concert  with  one  another.  Therefore,  dietary supplementation  of  Hibiscus  sabdariffa  plant extract  may  be  beneficial  in  reducing  the  risk  of developing various pathological conditions such as cardiovascular  disease,  cancer,  neurological disorders and diabetes.

[confused-scientist]

Things I Learned Med School – Weeks 111 - 114 Indian Elective Edition!

Greetings team! I know its been a while but I was pretty much on holidays and traveling most of December, and since early Jan I’ve been in South India as part of my medical elective term. I’m just half-way through now (4 more weeks to go), but am currently finishing up my Nephrology rotation so thought I’d do a quick update on this blog to show I haven’t completely abandoned it.

Past four weeks have passed by pretty quickly, although this hasn’t really been the best rotation. The first week I was here pretty much everyone was super busy because it turns out they were organizing a conference that started later that same week.

I got to attend the conference which was actually really good and a fantastic learning opportunity – and was probably the highlight of the entire four weeks academically. Beyond that – I think the language barrier was larger than I had appreciated beforehand. And while it’s perfectly fine for the consultant to tell me to just grab a nurse to be a translator for me to take a history – it’s REALLY REALLY busy here and I’m not the sort of person that wants to add extra work to people that are already appear to be snowed under. I also attended 3 out-patient clinics only to be kicked out twice b/c they were too busy to teach.

I have seem some interesting things – some C.A.P.D catheter insertions, situs inversus (medical zebra check!), and sooooo much stage 5 CKD its not funny. I’ve also seen so many renal biopsies that I’m honestly like 90% certain I could do one by myself if ever required lol.

The biggest thing that has hit me so far though has been how much finances play such a massive role in quality of care. Coming from a country with public health care it has kind of blown my mind – and makes me appreciate Medicare a 100x more than I already did. The Drs here do an amazing job tbh trying to provide quality care at whatever price people can afford – but sometime all we can do is give someone enough medication to stabilize them so they can head home, because that is literally all they can afford.

Next week I start on Gen Surg for two weeks! Hopefully it I’ll be a little more involving…

Anyway, here are some things I’ve learned on my elective over the past few weeks:

 1. Studies have shown that transplants between identical twins have MUCH better graft survival outcomes

2. Squamous cell carcinoma is the largest single cancer causing death in the post-transplant Australian population

3. Kaposi sarcoma is 100x more likely in patients with CKD

Quotes of the rotation:

“There’s such a large socioeconomic divide in India that our health outcomes either follow one of to patters – Western Europe or Sub-Saharan Africa” – Nephrology Consultant

Nephro Consultant #1: “So should we follow the anesthetist’s advice?” Nephro Consultant #2: “Yes, we follow it here, just like we do at home” Nephro Consultant #3 to me: “They are both married to anesthesiologists”

‘til next time.

[turningmyfluffintotuff-blog]

In the beginning...

I've always been "big". I was a 9lb 7oz, 23 inch long baby. I remember weighing 150 lbs in 6th grade. I tried, repeatedly, to lose the weight as an adult. Weight Watchers, bootcamp, personal trainers, diet pills, crossfit... you name, I did it. Sometimes I was successful. Sometimes I wasn't.

6 years ago, my mom was diagnosed with stage 4 renal cell carcinoma. This was in addition to end stage renal failure, diabetes, high blood pressure, and diabetic neuropathy. 4 years ago, her diseases killed her. There are many things about my mom that I'm proud to say I have become. Her health issues are something I'm working desperately to avoid.

This is my gastric bypass story. I hope that it will inspire and motivate others to never give up on their health.

[candyswift-ny]

Novel Research Discovers More Value of Oncolytic Viruses

Viral therapies for cancer treatment have been investigated since the 19th century, but due to technical barriers and safety issues in genetic engineering, there has been no great progress until the last two decades. Currently, the main methods of viral use as oncology therapies are viral vectors for gene therapy and oncolytic viruses (OVs).

Currently, there are five OVs approved for marketing worldwide, which are predicted to reach a market of over $10 billion in the future. Popular research targets include IL-12, GM-CSF, PD1, IL-15, PDL1, CD, CD19, CTLA4, NIS, etc.

At present, there are many lysosomal viral drugs in clinical development, and this article will introduce some of the drugs that are in the leading stage of clinical development.

1. CG0070

CG0070 is a genetically modified adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) that is modified to contain the cancer-selective promoter E2F-1 and the immune cell-stimulating factor GM-CSF gene, which selectively replicates and lyses tumor cells within Rb-regulated defective tumor cells. Rupture of cancer cells releases tumor-derived antigens and GM-CSF expressed along with the virus, thereby stimulating a systemic anti-tumor immune response.

2. Pelareorep

Pelareorep (AN1004) is a non-pathogenic, unmodified oncolytic reovirus that overcomes the effects of neutralizing antibodies and selectively infects and destroys tumor cells by activating the body's autoimmune system for the treatment of a variety of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Pelareorep is the most advanced oncolytic virus product available for intravenous administration in the world. Its Phase II trial in metastatic breast cancer found that pelareorep in combination with paclitaxel doubled overall survival in patients with ER+PR+/HER2- breast cancer (21.8 months vs. 10.8 months). In its global Phase II clinical trial (BERIL-1) for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), patients had a median survival of 10.4 months. In March 2022, Oncolytics Biotech announced the completion of the pelareorep Phase 1/2 GOBLET study in the metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) cohort safety evaluation in three patients.

3. Pexastimogene devacirepvec

Pexastimogene devacirepvec (JX-594) is a genetically engineered cowpox virus with mutations in the TK gene and insertion of the human GM-CSF gene to enhance the antitumor immune response. Previously, the drug had poor phase III clinical performance in hepatocellular carcinoma and is currently being evaluated for efficacy in combination with cemiplimab for renal cell carcinoma.

4. Olvimulogene nanivacirepvec

Olvimulogene nanivacirepvec (GL-ONC1, Olvi-Vec) is an oncolytic vaccinia virus developed by Genelux by replacing the viral TK, hemagglutinin and F145L genes with three expression cassettes encoding β-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase, and renin luciferase/green fluorescence (RLuc-GFP) fusion proteins, respectively. A phase I clinical trial of GL-ONC1 in patients with head and neck cancer showed that intravenous GL-ONC1 combined with standard chemotherapy improved overall survival.

5、OH2

OH2 (BS001) is the world's first oncolytic virus candidate that selected oncolytic herpes simplex virus type II (HSV2) as the vector and entered clinical trials. Clinical data showed that BS001 achieved an objective remission rate (ORR) of 30%, a disease control rate (DCR) of 50%, and a one-year survival (OS) rate of 93%. In addition, the latest clinical data for the treatment of colorectal cancer showed that the objective remission rate of BS001 injection in clinical monotherapy for colorectal cancer patients has exceeded 10%; the objective remission rate of BS001 injection in combination with PD-1 monoclonal antibody reached 18.2%.

In recent years, with the development of genetic engineering technology, the understanding of the function and structure of viral genes has been deepened, and the optimal design and manipulation of the viral genome to produce non-pathogenic viruses has become the direction of OV research, which has greatly promoted the progress of oncolytic virotherapy. It is believed that this strategy will play a wider and deeper role in the treatment of human diseases.

[shahinrezakhan]

I am stage 4 kidney cancer patient. I can hardly go out. I grew up with a crowd surrounding me. I can't live without people around me. On 25 February/20 evening at my home with some of the boys who really love me