#Sight glass supplier in Vadodara

[nobleglassware]

Sight Flow Indicator Supplier in Ahmedabad | Nobleglassworks

Noble Glass Works offers the best quality products and services that have made them the most popular supplier of Sight Flow Indicator Manufacturers in Ahmadabad. Incorporated in 1995. Noble with its hard work and consistent supply of quality product & best services have achieved recognition of being one of the most reliable and specialized groups with proven performance in a number of public as well as private sectors in various categories of process industry.

If you are looking for the most distinguished Sight Flow Indicator manufacturer in Vadodara, Gujarat, Noble Glass Works is the name you can trust.

[kppanchal]

Best Lined Reducing Flange Manufacturer in Ahmedabad

The reason why we wanted to discuss the blog title is that the source we mentioned in the title has been popular and leading among others.

With this being said – Rather jumping straight to discussing everything about their business functioning and products they offer in the industry, it would be great if we discuss the use and applications of the lined reducing flange by far.

In saying so – We have got a question to ask.

Have you ever considered using the lined reducing flange into any business operations of yours?

If yes, do make sure to comment and share your experience.

Similarly, let’s get started to discuss the term and every aspect you should know in place.

So, the question is – What is lined reducing flange?

It is an industrial material that is used to cost-effectively pave to transact between pipes.

Next, what are the industries that use lined reducing flange?

Chemical Process

Agrochemical

Pharmaceutical

To add – What is that you are thinking about the answers we talked about?

Side-Note: Are you right now looking for the leading and significant lined reducing flange manufacturer in Ahmedabad? Whether it is about high-pressure bellow manufacturer in India or sight glass supplier in Vadodara, make sure to visit Ablaze Lining for your requirements!

Do share your thoughts, and similarly – Let’s discuss why Ablaze Lining is the best and leading supplier, manufacturer as well as dealer of the lined reducing flange for sure.

They have been in the industry since a long time

They have got the best reputation in the industry and marketplace

They have already served a lot of clients and customers around the world

Their personnel always take prompt overlook into the clients’ requirements

If you visit the website, you will see a lot of reviews and products that you can get entrusted towards

Thus, what is that you are thinking about the pointers?

Do share your thoughts, and let us know when you are going to visit the recommendation.

Final Thoughts

What is that you loved the most about the guide?

Did you like the terms we discussed, including the questions we covered?

Do share your thoughts, and on a sweeter note – Thanks for the read, though!

[thebossindia]

Sight Flow Indicators in India – Uses and Types

Sight Flow Indicator is a kind of window designed to develop an understanding about the flow direction and flow force of a fluid/liquid inside a pipe in the industrial sector. Process operators use Sight Flow Indicators for viewing and inspecting fluid condition during an ongoing process. It can also be used to study gas and powder. They can be directly connected to a threaded, sanitary, or flanged clamp connection.

Here is presenting basic information about Sight Flow Indicators in India – Uses and Types by Noble Glassworks – one of the top Sight Flow Indicator manufacturers in Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

There are five types of Sight Flow Indicators available in India –

·         Double window type sight flow indicator

·         Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass

·         PTFE Lined Sight Flow Indicators

·         Tubular Sight Flow Indicators

·         TC end type sight flow indicator

All these five types of sight flow indicators in India are manufactured and supplied by Ablaze Glassworks who is a Sight Flow Indicator manufacturer in Vadodara Gujarat.

Sight Flow Indicators can contain one or more than one viewing gasket.

Sight Flow Indicators are used in industries such as pharmaceutical, chemical, petrochemical, agrochemical, food and dairy, marine, electric utilities, fertilizers, steel, oil & gas, water treatment, petroleum, refinery, process equipment and dyes and pigments.

Noble Glassworks is a Sight Flow Indicator Supplier in Vadodara, Gujarat and also a reputed Sight Flow Indicator Supplier in Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

Sight Flow Indicators by Noble Glassworks are easy to install, corrosion resistant and has durable designs.

Noble Glassworks is a Sight Flow Indicator Manufacturer in India.

The body of sight flow indicators is usually made of carbon steel, stainless steel, iron, and bronze.

The glass material used in sight flow indicators are tempered or annealed or borosilicate.

For more information about Sight Flow Indicators, please feel free to contact Noble Glassworks. Other products by Noble Glassworks are Level Gauges, PTFE Lined Products, Sight Glass, Industrial Glassware and Borosilicate Glass.

[nobleglassware]

Choosing a perfect Sight Flow Indicator in India

Sight glasses are vital tools in the chemical and petrochemical industries for inspecting the interior of storage tanks and measuring the volume of media in pipes.

In this post, we'll take a look at sight glasses, a specialist instrument utilised in many different processing industries, such as wastewater management, food and beverage, semiconductor, pharmaceutical, wastewater treatment, energy, utility, as well as oil and gas sectors.

Sight glasses are installed in a wide range of gas and fluid handling pipes, tanks, and vessels across different industries. Sight Glass:

Sight glasses, also known as sight windows or viewports, allow observers to look inside a process tank or a pipe.

Sight glasses manufactured by the most prominent manufacturer and supplier of sight flow indicator in India - Noble Glass Works are used by workers in the processing facility to:

●  Visually confirming the many steps of production.

●  Keep an eye out for any colour or consistency changes in the media or fluids you're working with.

●  Keep an eye on the liquid levels in a tank.

Sight flow indicators, commonly known as sight glass tubes, are a particular sort of sight glass. In order to visually confirm the flow rate as well as the flow direction of fluids, as well as inspect products or media going through process lines, transparent tubes called sight flow indicators are inserted in pipes.

Glasses to improve one's vision have a long history of use in business. When steam-powered locomotives first appeared, sight glass was first used as the water level gauges in the boiler systems to guarantee that the water was always at the correct level for safe operation.

Sight glasses or Sight Flow Indicators supplied by the most remarkable and distinguished Sight Glass supplier in Vadodara have two main applications in the sanitary products processing industries.

●     Sight glasses are used in the biopharmaceutical business for checking the progress of fermentation in tanks and vessels.

●     Sight glasses are commonly used in the food and beverage processing sector for a variety of purposes, including but not limited to confirming a changeover that is known to have occurred in a process, inspecting fluids and slurries for defects, and checking product clarity and cleanliness.

Types:

Sight glasses of the window or port variety come in two main varieties.

●     A common type of sight glass for windows is a flat piece of glass that is held in place by two metal rings that are sealed with gaskets. This sight glass design is ideal for low-pressure, non-critical applications since it can be taken apart for cleaning.

●     A fused sight glass has become the gold standard for usage in demanding environments. As part of its manufacturing, the window in this sight glass is fused together with the metal carrier ring.

Fused sight glass windows are very resistant to catastrophic collapse because the metal ring’s compressive force is greater than the tensile strength of the glass.

How is the Sight Flow Indicator in India made?

Sight glasses may be made from a number of different types of glass.

Soda-lime glass can be     used for sight glass windows in non-critical, low-pressure applications if     the fluid or media being studied is cold and non-abrasive.

However, borosilicate glass or acrylic polymers are typically used to manufacture sight glass windows for process fluids whose temperature ranges up to 536°F, as this form of glass would break at higher temperatures.

Sight glass windows used     in environments hotter than 536°F are made of quartz or sapphire.

These latter sight glasses are typically employed in procedures that require resistance to heat stress and corrosion or operate at temperatures above 500°F.

Sight glasses can also     be manufactured using high-grade speciality plastics like acrylic or     polycarbonates for use in certain hygienic processing applications.

Pros and Cons of Plastic Sight Glass manufactured by an excellent Sight Glass supplier in Vadodara:

Pros:

●     In contrast to glass, most polymers are not easily broken. Toughness is a major factor in terms of security, hence this is an essential attribute. For the sake of employee and customer safety, several factories and processing plants will not accept a glass or other easily broken materials.

●     Plastic sight glasses can withstand the alcohols, alkalis, and acids used in the production of many foods and drinks without breaking down.

●     Some plastic eyeglasses may be very sturdy substitutes for glass, depending on the construction. Plastic polymer is injected into a carefully shaped metal support ring, creating a very sturdy plastic sight glass window, as offered by some manufacturers.

●     When compared to their glass counterparts, sight glasses made from plastic are more affordable to produce. Therefore, they are commonly used for inexpensive purposes like fluid level gauges.

Cons:

●     Plastic sight glasses' useful field of view is smaller than that of their glass counterparts. Sight glasses made of plastic are only suitable for applications having low-temperature processes i.e. below 300°F, as even high-grade plastic composites melt at higher operating temperatures.

●     Transparency and functionality may be compromised over time by scaling, abrasive damage, as well as other surface imperfections in plastic sight glasses more so than in glass equivalents.

Points to keep in mind while choosing the perfect Sight Flow Indicator for your industrial application:

Consider the following guidelines listed by the leading manufacturer and supplier of Sight Flow Indicator in India when deciding on the ideal sight glass for your needs:

1.  Max operating temperature:

Sight glass windows made up of Soda-lime glass, as mentioned above, can only withstand temperatures of 300°F or less. 

At higher temperatures, either borosilicate or quartz/sapphire glass is required.

2.  Thermal shock:

When deciding on a material for sight glass, designers must keep in mind how the temperature is likely to fluctuate quickly.

Rapid or dramatic temperature changes in the workplace are incompatible with the use of sight glass with low durability, low thermal conductivity, as well as high thermal expansion coefficient.

Borosilicate glass, which has a lower expansion coefficient than regular glass, is, therefore, more suitable for use as window panes since it is less affected by variations in temperature. Generally, the sight glass windows made of plastic can withstand temperature changes without much of an issue because of their elasticity.

3.  Corrosion:

Some caustic or acidic chemicals will lead sight glass windows to grow “cloudy” over time, reducing their transparency. Select a material of the sight glass window that is resistant to corrosion for use in these settings.

The frame of the sight glass should be made of a material that is resistant to corrosion as well as compatible with viewing the fluid inside.

4.  Abrasion:

Pick a material for the sight glass that will not be damaged by the particles present in the fluid. Sight glasses can be tested visually or by using ultrasonic technology to check for abrasions.

5.  Pressure:

As indicated earlier, fused sight glasses should be utilised in all high-pressure situations to avoid sight glass failure.

6.  Impact:

Food processing is one industry where materials suspended in the process fluids could potentially damage the sight glass window. If your glasses have scratches from particles, you should get new ones right once.

If the viewing window is constructed of glass, fixed-type sight glasses are the most resilient.

[nobleglassware]

Brief information about Sight Glass

Noble Glass Works as a prominent sight glass manufacturer in Vadodara has compiled a brief introduction about Sight Glass. Plant managers use sight glasses to check what happens inside vessels, boiler systems, water tanks, and pipes without disrupting the setup. Viewing Glasses is another name for them. Its principal role is to examine fluids and liquids inside the sight glass. The sight glass serves a variety of additional important functions.

Noble Glass Works is the most distinguished and excellent sight glass supplier in Vadodara.

Externally checking fluids and liquids aids in monitoring pressure changes, understanding liquid interactions, and other tasks that are crucial in any process.

The design of sight glasses has changed dramatically over the years. Traditionally, it was largely a glass tube. Sight glass is now mounted in metal frames, formed of glass discs, and meets sanitary fittings regulations.

Noble Glass Works is one of the most popular sight glass manufacturers in Gujarat.

Fluid handling systems, pulp and paper processors, industrial burners, boiler systems, automobiles, oil and gas refineries, and combustion equipment are all common places where sight glasses are used.

Because sight glass is corrosion, abrasion, and pressure-resistant, the fluid does not react with it throughout any process.

Sight Flow Indicator, Liquid Level Gauge, Fused Sight Glass and Circular Sight Window are some of the different varieties of sight glass available today. Tank Mounted Sight Glass and Toughened Sight Glass are two popular forms of Sight Glass available at Noble Glassworks.

Noble Glass Works is an ISO certified (ISO 9001:2015) sight glass supplier in Gujarat.

[nobleglassware]

What are the common applications of Sight Glass?

The term "sight glass" refers to a transparent glass tube or window component of an industrial or commercial piece of equipment that allows observers to view what is going on within the container.

While sight glasses can be used for many things, they are most typically utilized for visibility. They let operators visually monitor processes inside tanks, pipes, and other enclosed pieces of equipment. Many tanks and boiler systems contain sight glasses to help maintain optimal quality and prevent the formation of potentially hazardous operational conditions.

 Noble Glass Works is a noted Sight glass supplier in Vadodara.

Applications:

Sight glasses are used in a variety of sectors, including:

●     Pharmaceuticals

●     Biofuels

●     Food and beverage processing

●     Utilities and energy

●     Chemical/petrochemical

●     Wastewater treatment and management

They are utilized in a range of equipment and systems in these industries, including:

●     Fluid handling systems

●     Boiler systems

●     Industrial burners

●     Pulp and paper processors

●     Oil and gas refineries

●     Automobiles and other transport vehicles

●     Combustion equipment

 Noble Glass Works is a distinct Sight glass manufacturer in Vadodara

Material Selection:

When choosing and selecting the suitable source material for sight glass, there are numerous important elements to consider. These elements are as follows:

●    Maximum expected temperature:

The performance of the sight glass materials can be influenced by operational temperatures within the equipment or system. Some materials are only efficient at temperatures below 300 °F, whereas others are effective at temperatures beyond 500 °F.

●    Thermal shock:

Sight glass engineers must account for quick temperature changes. Glasses with high thermal expansion coefficients, low thermal conductivity, and limited durability are not suited for working conditions with quick or intense temperature swings. Engineers use the following formula to determine a material's resistance to thermal shock, commonly known as the Thermal Shock Parameter:

In this equation, k represents thermal conductivity, T is the greatest stress that the material can withstand, is the thermal expansion coefficient, E represents Young's modulus, and v represents the Poisson ratio.

Noble Glass Works is one of the most popular Sight glass manufacturers in Gujarat

●    Corrosion:

Certain caustic or acidic substances might cause the sight glass to become "cloudy," impairing interior visibility and jeopardising the glass window's overall integrity. Glass with a high corrosion resistance should be utilised in applications that are subjected to such conditions.

●    Abrasion:

Rough particles or other abrasive components can gradually erode the sight glass, impeding the operator's view and weakening the component's structural integrity. In abrasive conditions, designers should employ thick and sturdy materials. Regular examinations are also necessary to ensure the longevity of sight glasses.

If you are looking for the leading Sight glass supplier in Gujarat, to fulfil your sight glass needs, contact Noble Glass Works today and get the best quality sight glass delivered to your doorstep.

●    Pressure:

Pressure in the context of eyeglasses can refer to working, design, test, or burst pressure. Once all of these values have been found, it is critical to choose a material (and a material thickness) capable of attaining them.

[nobleglassware]

What are the various types of Sight Flow Indicators available in India?

The Sight Flow Indicator, which is widely used in the pipe sector, is a device that provides for the monitoring and comprehension of the flow direction and force of fluids/liquids in any process. The Sight Flow Indicator is easy to use and may be used in a variety of systems including boilers, tankers, and many more. The sight flow indicator tube is made of borosilicate glass or soda-lime glass, which allows for a perfect vision. Temperature resistance, abrasion resistance, and excellent strength are all features of Sight Flow Indicators.

Noble Glass Works, a reputable Sight glass manufacturer in Ahmedabad, provides five types of sight flow indicators that they sell in India:

1.  Double Window Sight Flow Indicators:

In process lines with high temperatures and pressures, Double Window Sight Flow Indicators are used. Sight Flow Indicators with Double Windows are made of cast metal and feature a manufactured design. They are made up of two pieces of toughened glass that are mounted to one other.

Noble Glass Works is an excellent and noted Sight glass manufacturer in Ahmedabad.

2.  Jacketed Double Window Sight Flow Indicators:

Jacketed Double Window Sight Flow Indicators are sight flow indicators that enable the heating and cooling of fluids. Double Window Sight Flow Indicators with an extra jacket are the most common. Jacketed Double Window Sight Flow Indicators have input and exit on the jacket.

3.  PTFE Lined Sight Flow Indicators:

Sight Flow Indicators' metal bodies frequently interrupt processes or react with the process media. Noble Glass Works PTFE Lined Sight Flow Indicators are an appropriate option in this case. Sight Flow Indicators with a PTFE Lining are noted for their corrosion resistance and ability to tolerate a wide range of fluids and liquids. Noble Glass Works' PTFE Lined Sight Flow Indicators have no moving parts.

Noble Glass Works is the most popular and distinguished Sight Flow Indicator Supplier in Gujarat.

4.  Tubular Sight Flow Indicators:

Tubular Sight Flow Indicators by Noble Glass Works allow you a 360o view of the process medium. Tubular Sight Flow Indicators are quick, cost-effective, and long-lasting. Noble Glass Works also creates PTFE Lined Full Bore Sight Flow Indicators for use in corrosive environments. Tubular Sight Flow Indicators are offered in a variety of lengths to meet the needs of each client and project.

If you are looking for the leading Sight Flow Indicator Supplier in Vadodara, Noble Glass Works is the name you can trust for the best quality products.

5.  TC End Type Sight Flow Indicators:

Flanged ends are common on sight flow indicators. TC End Type Sight Flow Indicators, on the other hand, have a unique feature in that they are designed with TC end connections. Petrochemical, Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Steel, Food & Dairy, Water Treatment, Refinery Process Equipment, Agrochemical, Fertilizers, Electric Utilities, Marine Industry, Oil & Gas, Petroleum, and Dyes & Pigments industries use TC End Type Sight Flow Indicators.

[nobleglassware]

Features of Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass

When Sight Flow indicators facilitate heating and cooling of process media, then it is called Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass.  

In this blog post, Noble Glass works ��� a Jacket Sight Glass Supplier in Ahmedabad explains the features of Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass.

Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass contains a separate jacket like cavity. The jacket of Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass is designed with distinct inlet and outlet connections for utility. The wall of the Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass is usually made of metal for easy transfer of heat from the jacket to the process media.

If looking for a Jacketed Sight Glass Supplier in Vadodara, contact Noble Glass works now.

Double Window Type Sight Flow Indicators provide durable, quick and an economical way to verify the flow of liquids through

In industrial process lines, Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass can be used in all kinds of high pressure and temperature conditions. Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass are made from cast construction and has fabricated design, Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass meets the industrial requirement of various applications.

Noble Glass works Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass is designed with two mounted toughened glasses for improved visibility of process media.

As one of the best Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass manufacturer in India,

Jacketed Double Window Type Flow Indicators are available with different glass thickness and diameter.

Maintaining and cleaning of Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass is very easy.

Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass is used in the following industries:

 ·         Pharmaceutical

·         Chemical

·         Petrochemical

·         Agrochemical

·         Food and Dairy

·         Marine Industry

·         Electric Utilities

·         Fertilizers

·         Steel Oil  and Gas

·         Water treatment

·         Petroleum / Refinery

·         Process equipment

·         Dyes and Pigments

For further information about Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass, feel free to connect with Noble Glassworks – a Jacketed Double Window manufacturer in Gujarat who also offers other types of sight flow indicators, PTFE lined products, borosilicate glass, level gauges, sight glass and industrial glassware in India.

[nobleglassware]

Different Types of Sight Glass Available in India

There are different types of sight glass available in India offered by different sight glass suppliers. This blog lists the different types of sight glass available in India as listed by Noble Glass Works Private Limited – a Sight Glass Manufacturer in India who originates as Sight Glass manufacturer in Ahmedabad, Gujarat and Sight Glass manufacturer in Vadodara, Gujarat.

Sight Glass by definition allows observing processes safely in tanks, reactors and more without disturbing the ongoing process. All sight glasses offered by Noble Glass Works Private Limited are made of borosilicate glass 3.3 only which makes it withstand all kinds of severe conditions. Sight Glass are used in pharma, petrochemical, food and dairy, oil and gas, petroleum/refinery, dyes and pigments, process equipment, water treatment, fertilizer, agrochemical and chemical industries. Let’s now take a look at the different types of sight glass available in India as listed by Noble Glass Works Private Limited.

Tank Mounted Sight Glass

Tank Mounted Sight Glass is made of stainless steel or alloy steel. They contain both cushion gasket (Non-Asbestos, PTFE) and seal gasket (Non-Asbestos, Nitrile, Silicone, PTFE, Viton). The lend of Tank Mounted Sight Glass by Noble Glass Works Private Limited is made of toughened borosilicate glass, soda lime, polycarbonate and  acrylic. The cover flange and weld pad of the Tank Mounted Sight Glass is designed with carbon steel.

Noble Glass Works Private Limited is a Sight Glass Supplier in Vadodara, Gujarat and Sight Glass Supplier in Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

Toughened Sight Glass

Toughened Sight Glasses are thermally toughened for extra hardness. This makes break resistant and resistant to extreme higher operating temperatures and pressures. Noble Glass Works Private Limited offers customization of diameters of Toughened Sight Glass based on industry and application. The key features of Toughened Sight Glass are good visibility, increased strength, availability in different thickness and durable construction methodologies.

This blog post about Different Types of Sight Glass Available in India is compiled by Noble Glass Works Private Limited – one of the best

Sight Glass Supplier in India

noted for maintaining highest standards in sight glass manufacturing process. Other products by Noble Glass Works Private Limited are Sight Flow Indicators, Level Gauges, PTFE Lined Products, Sight Glass, Industrial Glassware and Borosilicate Glass.

[nobleglassware]

Sight Glass Supplier in Vadodara Gujarat

Get Tank mounted sight glass from Noble Glass Works now. Noble Glass Works is a sight glass supplier in India and sight glass manufacturer in India who also offer toughened glass.

https://www.nobleglass.in/sight-glass-2/

[kppanchal]

Butterfly Valve Distributor in Vadodara| Lined Swing Check Valve| Sight Glass Suppliers, Gujarat, India

Ablaze Lining Manufacturing and supplying wide range of lined products including valves, fitting and pipes. Products includes butterfly valves, lined swing check valves, Sight Glass, Dip pipes and more. Our products designed to use in industrial application and comply international standards.

https://www.ablazelining.com/

[kppanchal]

Industrial Valves Distributor | High Pressure Bellows and Dip Pipe manufacturer India| Ablaze Lining

Ablaze lining manufacturer and distributor of industrial lined valves such as butterfly valves, swing check valves, Diaphragm Valve and Flush bottom valve in Vadodara.We supply Dip pipes, Sight glass and other industrial material across Gujarat, India. 

 https://www.ablazelining.com/

[nobleglassware]

Sight Flow Indicators in India – Uses and Types

Sight Flow Indicator is a kind of window designed to develop an understanding about the flow direction and flow force of a fluid/liquid inside a pipe in the industrial sector. Process operators use Sight Flow Indicators for viewing and inspecting fluid condition during an ongoing process. It can also be used to study gas and powder. They can be directly connected to a threaded, sanitary, or flanged clamp connection.

Here is presenting basic information about Sight Flow Indicators in India – Uses and Types by Noble Glassworks – one of the top Sight Flow Indicator manufacturers in Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

There are five types of Sight Flow Indicators available in India –

·         Double window type sight flow indicator

·         Jacketed Double Window Sight Glass

·         PTFE Lined Sight Flow Indicators

·         Tubular Sight Flow Indicators

·         TC end type sight flow indicator

All these five types of sight flow indicators in India are manufactured and supplied by Ablaze Glassworks who is a Sight Flow Indicator manufacturer in Vadodara Gujarat.

Sight Flow Indicators can contain one or more than one viewing gasket.

Sight Flow Indicators are used in industries such as pharmaceutical, chemical, petrochemical, agrochemical, food and dairy, marine, electric utilities, fertilizers, steel, oil & gas, water treatment, petroleum, refinery, process equipment and dyes and pigments.

Noble Glassworks is a Sight Flow Indicator Supplier in Vadodara, Gujarat and also a reputed Sight Flow Indicator Supplier in Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

Sight Flow Indicators by Noble Glassworks are easy to install, corrosion resistant and has durable designs.

Noble Glassworks is a Sight Flow Indicator Manufacturer in India.

The body of sight flow indicators is usually made of carbon steel, stainless steel, iron, and bronze.

The glass material used in sight flow indicators are tempered or annealed or borosilicate.

For more information about Sight Flow Indicators, please feel free to contact Noble Glassworks. Other products by Noble Glassworks are Level Gauges, PTFE Lined Products, Sight Glass, Industrial Glassware and Borosilicate Glass.