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breekelly · 3 months ago

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Understanding SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS)

In today’s fast-paced business environment, data integration is crucial for effective decision-making and business operations. As organizations collect data from multiple sources—ranging from on-premises databases to cloud-based services—integrating and transforming this data into usable information becomes challenging. This is where SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) comes into play.

SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) is a powerful data integration tool included with Microsoft SQL Server that allows businesses to extract, transform, and load (ETL) data from various sources into a centralized location for analysis and reporting. In this article, we’ll dive deep into SSIS, exploring its core functionalities, benefits, and its importance in modern data-driven environments. We will also highlight how SSIS-816 improves data integration efficiency in the conclusion.

What is SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS)?

SSIS is a component of Microsoft's SQL Server database software that can be used to perform a wide range of data migration tasks. It is a scalable, high-performance ETL platform that simplifies data management, whether it’s importing large datasets, cleansing data, or executing complex data transformations.

SSIS provides a user-friendly graphical interface within SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT) to create packages that manage data integration tasks. These packages can be scheduled to run automatically, allowing businesses to automate their data flow between systems.

Key Features of SSIS

1. Data Extraction, Transformation, and Loading (ETL)

SSIS is primarily used for ETL tasks. It can connect to various data sources such as SQL databases, Excel spreadsheets, flat files, and web services to extract raw data. This data is then transformed using SSIS tools to cleanse, filter, and manipulate it before loading it into the target destination.

2. Data Integration

SSIS allows for the seamless integration of data from multiple sources, enabling businesses to merge data into a single, coherent system. This is especially useful for organizations with complex infrastructures that include various data types and storage systems.

3. Data Cleansing

Poor data quality can severely impact business decisions. SSIS provides advanced data cleansing capabilities, including de-duplication, validation, and formatting. This ensures that businesses work with accurate, consistent, and high-quality data.

4. Workflow Automation

One of the most powerful features of SSIS is its ability to automate workflows. Businesses can set up SSIS packages to run automatically at scheduled intervals or trigger them based on specific events. This means that repetitive tasks such as data loading, transformations, and reporting can be fully automated, reducing manual intervention and saving time.

5. Error Handling and Logging

SSIS provides robust error-handling features, allowing users to identify and resolve issues during data integration. It logs errors and failures in the process, ensuring transparency and enabling efficient troubleshooting. This reduces downtime and helps maintain data accuracy.

6. Data Transformation Tools

SSIS offers a range of transformations such as sorting, aggregating, merging, and converting data. These transformations allow businesses to manipulate data according to their needs, ensuring it is in the proper format before loading it into a destination database.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) is a powerful solution for businesses looking to integrate and manage their data efficiently. With advanced ETL capabilities, automation, and error handling, SSIS can transform the way companies handle data, providing a robust foundation for analytics and business intelligence. Tools like SSIS-816 further enhance these capabilities, making data integration more streamlined, accurate, and reliable for modern enterprises.

#SSIS-816

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fadom87-blog · 7 years ago

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Picking Parties Based On Social Class and Education

I am currently enrolled in a Data Management & Visualization course through Coursera. The course allows us to select a field of interest based on datasets provided to the class, and in turn use these datasets to practice data management techniques.

STEP 1: Choose a data set that you would like to work with.

For this course, I have chosen to work with the Outlook on Life Surveys, 2012 dataset from the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research. The survey was commissioned by the University of California-Irvine and conducted by GfK Knowledge Networks.

This dataset looks into the political and social beliefs and attitudes of 2,294 White and Black men and women (aged 18 and older) between August and December 2012. November 2012 featured the Presidential election victory of Barack Obama (Democrat) over his Republican rival, Mitt Romney.

STEP 2. Identify a specific topic of interest

With the presidential election fresh on the average American's mind, the survey looked into how politics, religion, socio-economics, social class, among other spectrum, affect human belief and behavior.

It is popular belief that one’s socio-economic background heavily influences one’s outlook on life. It plays a large factor in the quality of education you receive, the people you typically associate with, as well as the way people treat you (even though most people would not care to openly admit to this). Therefore, it stands to reason that social class would play a key role in developing a person’s political framework, and would likely influence the political party that they identify with.

This leads to the topic of interest in this research:

Is there a correlation between an individual's socio-economic status and their political affiliation?

STEP 3. Prepare a codebook of your own (i.e., print individual pages or copy screen and paste into a new document) from the larger codebook that includes the questions/items/variables that measure your selected topics.)

Going back to the Outlook on Life, 2012 dataset, I have reviewed the entire questionnaire and selected questions that were relevant to the research question that I developed. I have listed the questions I selected directly below, and have formed my own codebook for these selected questions.

Questions:

W1_C1B: Would you call yourself a strong [Democrat/Republican] or a not very strong [Democrat/Republican]? (pg. 28)

W1_C1C: Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party? (pg. 28)

W1_C2: We hear a lot of talk these days about liberals and conservatives. Where would you place YOURSELF on this 7 point scale? (pg. 29)

W1_D11: [The Republican Party] How would you rate: (pg. 46)

W1_D12: [The Democratic Party] How would you rate: (pg. 48)

W1_D13: [Socialists] How would you rate: (pg. 50)

W1_D14: [Libertarians] How would you rate: (pg. 51)

W1_P2: People talk about social classes such as the poor, the working class, the middle class, the upper-middle class, and the upper class. Which of these classes would you say you belong to? (pg. 146)

W1_P3: Which of these classes would you say most memebers of your family belong to? (pg. 146)

W1_P16D: [TANF or Welfare] Check any box to designate other sources of income you or anyone in your household may have received in 2011. (pg. 154)

W1_P16E: [Food Stamps] Check any box to designate from other sources of income you or anyone in your household may have received in 2011. (pg. 155)

W1_P16F: [Free or Reduced School Lunch and/or Breakfast] Check any box to designate from other sources of income you or anyone in your household may have received in 2011. (pg. 155)

W1_P16G: [Supplemental Security Income (SSI)] Check any box to designate from other sources of income you or anyone in your household may have received in 2011. (pg. 155)

W1_P16H: [Energy Assistance] Check any box to designate from other sources of income you or anyone in your household may have received in 2011. (pg. 156)

W1_P16I: [Poor Housing Assistance] Check any box to designate from other sources of income you or anyone in your household may have received in 2011. (pg. 165)

W1_P16M: [No one in my household received income from any of these sources] Check any box to designate from other sources of income you or anyone in your household may have received in 2011. (pg. 158)

W1_P16_REFUSED: [Refused] Check any box to designate from other sources of income you or anyone in your household may have received in 2011. (pg. 158)

W1_P20: Which of the following income groups includes YOUR personal annual income (Do not include the income of other members of your household)? (pg. 160)

W2_QB1A: Which one of the following best describes what you did in the elections that were held November 6th? (pg. 172)

W2_QB1B: If you had to guess, would you say that you probably did vote in the elections, or probably did not vote in the elections? (pg. 172)

W2_QB1C: How about the election for President? Did you vote for a candidate for President? (pg. 173)

W2_QB1D: Who did you vote for? (pg. 173)

W2_QB2A: How about the elections for other state and local offices, did you vote a straight ticket or did you vote for candidates from different parties? (pg. 174)

PPAGECAT: Age - 7 Categories (pg. 259)

PPAGECT4: Age - 4 Categories (pg. 259)

PPINCIMP: Household Income (pg. 263)

PPWORK: Current Employment Status (pg. 270)

STEP 4. Identify a second topic that you would like to explore in terms of its association with your original topic.

In today’s modern society, education is viewed as the most assured way to attain a high socio-economic status. While certain fields of study are held in higher regards than others in social context, it is generally believed that the higher the degree attained, the higher the income and prestige one is likely to receive across all disciplines.

Since education heavily influences an individual’s socio-economic status, it is worth asking the following question:

Is there a correlation between one's education level and political affiliation?

STEP 5. Add questions/items/variables documenting this second topic to your personal codebook.

To support my research for the secondary question regarding education level and political affiliation, I have selected the following, additional questions that were added to the codebook.

PPEDUC: Education (Highest Degree Received) (pg. 260)

PPEDUCAT: Education (Categorical) (pg. 261)

STEP 6. Perform a literature review to see what research has been previously done on this topic. Use sites such as Google Scholar (http://scholar.google.com) to search for published academic work in the area(s) of interest. Try to find multiple sources, and take note of basic bibliographic information.

[1]:Lazarsfeld, Paul Felix, Bernard Berelson, and Hazel Gaudet. "The peoples choice: how the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign." (1948).

http://www.popline.org/node/517470

Abstract: "...Respondents who had high socioeconomic status, were affiliated with the Protestant religion, and who lived in urban areas were viewed as having a predisposition toward the Republican party. Respondents with the opposite characteristics were viewed as having a predisposition toward the Democratic party. 48% of the respondents retained their initially stated candidate preferences throughout the 6 month period. 28% of the respondents initially had no preference but eventually chose the candidate from the party they were predisposed to prior to the campaign. 15% of the respondents stated a preference in the 1st interview, later wavered in their commitment to the candidate, but eventually returned to their initially preferred candidate. Only 8% of the respondents permanently changed their initially stated preferences. The primary effect of the campaign was to reinforce the party affliation of most of the voters. Individuals tended to expose themselves to the propaganda of their own party more than to the progaganda of the other party. "

[2]: Socioeconomic-Ethnic Status Inconsistency and Preference for Political ChangeMarvin E. Olsen and Judy Corder TullyAmerican Sociological ReviewVol. 37, No. 5 (Oct., 1972), pp. 560-57

https://www.jstor.org/stable/2093451

[3]: Stonecash, Jeffrey M., et al. "Class and party: secular realignment and the survival of democrats outside the south." Political Research Quarterly 53.4 (2000): 731-752.

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/106591290005300403

Abstract: "...The results indicate a steady increase in support for the Democratic party among the less affluent since the 1950s. Differences in voting by income position are not decreasing, but, in fact, have been increasing since the 1970s..."

[4]: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1948550612439721

Abstract: Why are conservatives happier than liberals? Napier and Jost (2008) argue that this is because conservative ideology has a palliative (system-justifying) function that protects conservatives’ (but not liberals’) happiness. We develop another rationale for this effect and argue that we need to examine how ideology (e.g., conservatism) is embedded in the social system and people’s own place within it. In a study (N = 816), we find that conservatives are more satisfied with life than liberals and that conservatism is associated with higher socioeconomic status (SES). Taking SES as a starting point, we find that those with high SES have access to more group memberships and that this is associated with higher life satisfaction. We failed to replicate Napier and Jost’s finding that system-justifying ideology mediated the relationship between conservatism and life satisfaction. We conclude that conservatives may be happier than liberals because their high SES gives them access to more group memberships.

Non-academic sources

[5]: Pew Research Center: U.S. Politics A Deep Dive Into Party Affiliation: Sharp Differences by Race, Gender, Generation, Education, April 7, 2015

http://www.people-press.org/2015/04/07/a-deep-dive-into-party-affiliation/

“About a third (34%) of those with a college degree or more education identify as Democrats, compared with 24% who identify as Republicans; 39% are independents. In 1992, Republicans held a seven-point lead among those with at least a college degree (34% to 27%), while 37% were independents.

Democrats now hold a 12-point lead (52% to 40%) in leaned party identification among those with at least a college degree, up from just a four-point difference as recently as 2010 (48% to 44%). There has been less change since 2010 in the partisan leanings of those with less education.

Currently, those who have attended college but have not received a degree lean Democratic 47% to 42%; Democrats hold a 10-point lead in leaned party identification among those with no more than a high school education (47% to 37%).

The Democrats’ wide lead in partisan identification among highly-educated adults is largely the result of a growing advantage among those with any post-graduate experience. A majority (56%) of those who have attended graduate school identify with the Democratic Party or lean Democratic, compared with 36% who align with or lean toward the GOP.

Among those who have received a college degree but have no post-graduate experience, 48% identify as Democrats or lean Democratic, while 43% affiliate with the GOP or lean Republican.”

[6]: Pew Research Center: U.S. Politics Independents Take Center Stage in the Obama Era - Trends in Political Values and Core Attitudes: 1987-2009 May 21, 2009

http://www.people-press.org/2009/05/21/section-1-party-affiliation-and-composition/

“Party identification is strongly linked to family income levels – people in the highest income households are roughly twice-as-likely as those in the lowest income households to say they are Republicans. But over the past decade, the Republican Party has also lost adherents across all income levels while Democratic identification has remained fairly stable. A greater proportion of people in every income category are identifying as independents.

As recently as 2004 the Republican Party held an 11-point advantage (39% vs. 28% Democrat) in party identification among people in the top 20% income group (with family incomes of roughly $100,000 or more in 2009 dollars). This advantage has virtually disappeared in 2009. Today, 35% of high-income Americans say they are independents while 32% identify with the GOP and 30% with the Democratic Party.

Democrats continue to have a wide advantage among those with incomes in the lowest quintile (under $20,000 in 2009 dollars). In 2009, 42% of lower income Americans consider themselves Democrats – virtually unchanged in recent years – while just 15% are Republicans, down slightly from 19% four years ago. But in the next income level up (those earning between $20,000 and $40,000 in 2009 dollars) the GOP’s decline has been particularly sharp. In 2004, the Democrats held a 13-point edge within this income group (38% vs. 25% Republican). Today, that has opened up to a 24-point lead (40% vs. 16%) as Republican identification has dropped off by 9 points.“

STEP 7. Based on your literature review, develop a hypothesis about what you believe the association might be between these topics. Be sure to integrate the specific variables you selected into the hypothesis.

Based on the literature view, I believe that further analysis will show that there are noticeable tendencies for individuals of certain socio-economic status.

Lower-income individuals will skew heavily towards a liberal and/or socialist worldview, and likely support the Democratic Party. For the most part, these individuals will not have college degrees, and very few would have a degree advanced beyond a bachelor’s degree. This is due to the historical past of the Democrats to appeal vocally to support lower-income households with reforms and banking regulations.

I expect middle-class individuals to have the widest spectrum of political beliefs, making it difficult to pin political affiliation down to income level. I expect lower-middle class people to skew towards a liberal mindset, and these individuals would be a mixture between people who have never been to college, some who have some college experience, and college graduates. I also expect that upper-middle class individuals to lean favorably towards the Democratic Party and a liberal worldview. This is based on the data showing that people with advanced degrees typically lean towards the left of the political spectrum.

My belief is that conservatives will edge out liberals in the center of the middle class, and have more members state that they support the Republican party. These individuals will mostly have a bachelor’s degree. Some members will not have attended college, while some will have advanced degrees. Because this is statistically the largest demographic, the Republican Party tends to cater their messaging towards this group most often. I believe that appeals to self-actualization, nationalism, and concerns for the safety of the nation will resonate with a good portion of this demographic.

Conservatives will also make up the majority of the upper class. This is due to the fact that Republican Party has traditionally favored lowering taxes on wealthy individuals. I believe that almost all will have college degrees, and that there will be a mixture of individuals with bachelor’s and advanced (master’s and Ph.D.) degrees.

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