#Ruposhi Bangla | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

karingudino · 4 years

Text

Aman rice and seed sovereignty

A Nayakrishi Seed Wealth Centre. — Ubinig

THIS 12 months, aman rice suffered extreme loss on account of a collection of floods and premature rain. On the family degree, the farmers could have scarcity of rice for consumption and promoting, whereas on the nationwide degree individuals will inevitably face disaster of meals since aman paddy cultivation supplies 35 per cent of the whole rice manufacturing of Bangladesh. As a result of recurring floods, farmers missed the planting season within the month of August. Most farmers couldn’t put together the seedbeds. In some areas, floods submerged the paddy fields with saplings of aman paddy. In August 2020, in accordance with the ministry of agriculture, it has occurred in not less than 37 districts.

The Moushakathalia village in Tangail is one such unlucky village that has misplaced the aman rice crop. As well as, the paddy fields had been infested with water hyacinth that got here with the flood water and couldn’t be cleared due to water logging. The seed beds of the aman paddy had been washed away. Within the harvesting season in November, the farmers subsequently had nothing to reap. They’re busy with clearing the water hyacinth to arrange the land for winter crops of greens, mustard, lentils, and many others.

Water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes), or kachuripana, as it’s identified in Bangla, is a tropical, floating aquatic plant, of Latin American origin. This aquatic plant is taken into account invasive all through the world as a result of it grows quickly and may kind thick layers over the water and kill different aquatic plant together with aman rice. The devastation of aman rice this 12 months reminds us of the scenario within the Twenties when all water our bodies of Bengal was clotted with this invasive plant. River navigation was obstructed and cultivation of wetland crops, notably deepwater aman paddy and jute grew to become troublesome which finally gravely impacted the economic system of Bengal.

Whereas we had been discusssing the size of devastation this 12 months with Rupashi, Ainuddin Mia, Rahima Begum, Hafizuddin Mia, Alam Mia and different Nayakrishi farmers in Moushakathalia, the previous historical past and the current expertise confirmed clearly that meals disaster is imminent. Nonetheless, Nayakrishi farmers are equally frightened about the place to get the seeds for the following aman season. They requested, ‘Bechon pabo kothay?’ (‘The place will we get the seeds?’). These are farmers who develop a number of conventional sorts of aman paddy and have their very own collections of seeds at their family in addition to within the Nayakrishi Seed Wealth Centres, a collective effort of farmers to realize seed sovereignty. Because the lack of the aman crop is so widespread and devastating this 12 months, Ruposhi raised deep concern not just for herself alone however for all of the farmers rising conventional or native rice in her village in addition to within the nation. The priority could be very real. We regularly ignore the pressing necessity to preserve seeds to maintain the wheels of farming turning when encountered with fast disaster of meals.

The fact of the questions associated to meals and seed sovereignty is acute as a result of the federal government and the non-public sector, notably the firms and non-governmental organisations, are solely selling the laboratory-seeds of high-yielding selection, hybrid seeds and even making an attempt to advertise genetically modified rice seeds within the identify of diet and stress tolerance. The native and conventional varieties had been misplaced not solely to the flood water; there are different causes as nicely. For instance, water logging from ill-planned building of roads and different infrastructures. The flood water typically might solely recede as much as the peak of the roads. Constructions of such roads, ignoring the agro-ecology and farming practices, have began to take its toll. The person-made causes exacerbated the pure disasters. Nonetheless, it was additionally seen that the HYV numbered rice varieties that had been promoted as stress tolerant couldn’t survive in any respect. The farmers’ seed have extra resilience than the HYV/hybrid seeds.

But the farmers’ seeds are traded off for the HYV/hybrid seeds for the sake of company pursuits. Let’s see how the land space underneath aman rice crop is distributed among the many various kinds of rice seeds. Two varieties of aman paddy are grown — broadcast aman (sown within the month of mid-March to mid-April within the low lands) and transplant aman (planted throughout late June to August with the planting of seedlings). Aman relies on the tropical monsoon rain. By way of varieties of seeds, notably within the fashionable agricultural system, the excessive yielding selection and hybrid aman seeds are used that are primarily depending on fertilisers, pesticides and requires land sorts which can be flood-free. These are dwarf varieties with extra grains and the straws on this case are usually not calculated within the yield. The Bangladesh Rice Analysis Institute has developed 56 HYV aman varieties equivalent to BRRI 11, 22, 54, 94, 95 — all are numbered rice varieties. The BRRI has additionally developed seven hybrid rice varieties. Since 1993, hybrid rice has been researched and it has been promoted extra aggressively after the flood of 1998. NGOs with micro-credit programmes pressured the farmer-borrowers to take Alok-6201 hybrid rice. Most hybrid rice are for the boro season and solely 10 hybrid ‘manufacturers’ of aman rice, out of 170 manufacturers, are supplied by nationwide and multinational non-public seed sellers. These are registered and formally notified by the Nationwide Seed Board, ministry of agriculture (Database of Nationwide Seed Board, 2018). The multinational firms are Syngenta, ACI, Bayer CropScience, and many others.

The aman rice crop occupies 67 per cent of the cropped space of 85.77 hectares. In 2020, the quantity of land used for HYV varieties is 44.47 lakh (4.44 million) hectares, hybrid 2.40 lakh (0.24 million) hectares, native varieties 7.15 lakh (0.75 million) hectares and for broadcast aman 3.12 lakh (0.31 million) hectares of cultivable land. The full land underneath the aman crop was 57.14 lakh (5.71 million) hectares (The Enterprise Normal, September 16, 2020). Virtually 78 per cent of the land is occupied by the HYV varieties supported by the Division of Agricultural Extension with fertilisers, pesticides and laboratory seeds, whereas solely 12.5 per cent are native/conventional varieties cultivated by the farmers on their very own initiatives in low lands. These rice varieties don’t require any use of chemical substances.

The BRRI gene financial institution (established in 1974) has 7,500 sorts of rice germplasm collected from the farmers of Bangladesh. Farmers like Ruposhi Begum are those who develop the native number of aus and aman. Within the Group Seed Wealth Centre of Nayakrishi, there are over 2,500 sorts of landraces of rice varieties that develop in numerous components of the nation. The farmers themselves hold not less than 5 to 6 varieties in their very own assortment which they want for various social, financial, non secular and cultural wants. The small-scale however solvent ‘greehosto’ farmers wish to have rice produced for the staple meals, ie, ‘bhat’, however in addition they want some fragrant varieties for pulao, payesh, and many others. For that they domesticate varieties equivalent to radhuni pagol, kalijira, kataribhog; for ‘chira’ (pressed rice) kolamocha, kartik shail, malia; for ‘muri’ (puffed rice) narkel jhopa, lal shail, ghigoz, pakri. In some areas, with beneficial geographical location and proximity to rivers, some rice varieties develop in water and may survive the common and regular flood. For instance, the land close to the Dhaleswari river in Tangail has a selected rice selection referred to as chamara that may survive in flood water. As aman grows within the monsoon season, the traditional flood could be very a lot welcomed by the farmers as a result of it brings the alluvium from the Himalayas. Many of the native selection aman can survive flood water, which the ‘numbered’ HYV and the hybrid varieties can not.

Farmers’ seed sovereignty is dependent upon their management over the seeds they’ll protect and use in accordance with their very own social and cultural wants. The cultivation of native selection aman implies that the farmers could make a selection relating to the varieties they wish to develop. As a farmer was saying, ‘My daughter is rising up. She shall be married quickly. I must invite my son-in-law, his household and different members of society and feed them good meals. So I’ll domesticate fragrant varieties and others to prepare dinner pulao and make pitha’. Monocrop cultivation of numbered HYV/hybrid varieties compels farmers to purchase the seeds from the market.

Sadly, farming as an interdisciplinary mode of engagement that calls for information and practices primarily based on the atmosphere, ecology and historical past of data practices of farming communities has been systematically ignored in favour of recent varieties primarily based on chemical fertilisers, pesticides and extraction of floor water. Agricultural analysis prioritises business sorts of seed and helps pesticide firms and never the farming communities who feed us. The nationwide rice cultivation plans, sadly, don’t rely upon the farmers’ wants however on the management of know-how and company pursuits. Aman, which relies on the monsoon rain, was once the primary rice crop. However with the introduction of the bottom water irrigation know-how integrated by HYV seeds, the cultivation of dry-season boro rice has been inspired and thereby boro now accounts for 55 per cent of the whole rice manufacturing versus 36 per cent aman rice. The environmental and ecological penalties of such apply are huge. So-called fashionable varieties not solely changed the seasonal but additionally the native or conventional varieties. It’s acknowledged by researchers that greater than 1,000 conventional rice cultivars are being grown in Bangladesh and are maintained by farmers on account of their huge adaptability, superior grain high quality, and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. These rice varieties develop in coastal areas, low and deep water situations. On the similar time, these are undermined by policymakers on the grounds that these have decrease yields in comparison with the HYV. Regardless of the dearth of help from the federal government, the seeds are preserved and maintained by the farmers themselves.

The shift from native varieties to the HYV varieties will increase dependency on using chemical fertilisers, pesticides and fossil gasoline primarily based know-how. The shift to boro season for rice is definitely a shift from farmers’ information and experience-based techniques to using know-how, extra chemical substances, floor water irrigation and HYV and hybrids seed sorts. Bangladesh used to have two rice seasons, aus and aman. However introduction of boro has displaced aus as a result of the land stays occupied by boro rice. In brief, rice manufacturing goes out of the farmers’ fingers to the firms that promote HYV and hybrid seeds and threaten the sovereign rights of farmers.

It’s mistaken to say that solely the numbered laboratory-based rice are excessive yielding and the normal varieties are all low yielding. There are not less than 20 totally different conventional sorts of aman equivalent to dhepa, chamara, sadamota, digha which have a yield of greater than six tons per hectare together with 10 to fifteen tons of straw which can be used as fodder. Solely the fragrant and skinny sorts of rice have decrease yield per hectare, equivalent to radhuni pagol (1.4 ton/hectare and 4 tons of straw), badshabhog (two tons/hectare and 4.7 tons of straw). There are additionally many stress tolerant — flood resistant, drought tolerant, salinity tolerant and chilly tolerant — native sorts of paddy. Bangladesh didn’t want three seasons of rice manufacturing; aus and aman had been sufficient to feed the individuals of the nation. Within the boro season, farmers might as a substitute domesticate different meals crops equivalent to greens, lentils, oil seeds that are as necessary as rice. Meals doesn’t imply solely rice, however a mixture of rice, greens, lentils, fish and others. The rise in boro rice manufacturing led to the lower within the manufacturing of different winter meals crops. We should change our slim views.

Bangladeshi farmers are largely rice producers. The change in rice manufacturing and the shift of the seed varieties from conventional to the HYV/hybrid varieties are threats to the farmers’ survival. Ruposhi’s query, ‘the place can we get the seeds?’, truly displays upon the truth that farmers’ landraces are declining and there’s no effort from the federal government to boost the cultivation of those varieties. Nonetheless, Nayakrishi farmers promised different farmers that they’ll acquire and change seeds for the following season. Nayakrishi is a farmers’ community to make sure meals and seed sovereignty regardless of the chances confronted by farmers and the coverage ignorance of a rustic that can’t survive on the systematic destruction of the ecological basis of agriculture that conserves and reproduces the biodiversity and genetic assets of a nation. It’s time we modified our mindset.

Farida Akhter is the manager director of UBINIG and organiser of Nayakrishi Andolon.

(operate(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = “https://join.fb.internet/en_GB/sdk.js#xfbml=1&model=v2.6”; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(doc, ‘script’, ‘facebook-jssdk’)); Source link

The post Aman rice and seed sovereignty appeared first on Fikiss Permaculture.

source https://fikiss.net/aman-rice-and-seed-sovereignty/ Aman rice and seed sovereignty published first on https://fikiss.net/ from Karin Gudino https://karingudino.blogspot.com/2020/12/aman-rice-and-seed-sovereignty.html

0 notes

awesome-shasanaz-sathi-us · 6 years

Video

youtube

❥❥ Subscribe me - https://goo.gl/eoJqYF ❥ 0:10 ❥ যে ভাবে মারা গেলেন আইযূব বাচচু, জানা গেল আসল তথ্য , দেখুন, Ruposhi Bangla Tv, bangla exclusive news, যেভাবে মারা গেলেন আইয়ুব বাচ্চু, মৃত্যুর আগে বাসার ফ্লোরে পড়েছিলেন আইয়ুব বাচ্চু, ayub bachchu, আইয়ুব বাচ্চু আর নেই, Ayub Bachchu, bangla song, lrb, ayub bachchu bangla song, shei tumi keno eto ochena hole, আইয়ুব বাচ্চুর মৃত্যু ❤❤❤ Social sites link ❤❤❤ Facebook - https://ift.tt/2DRIWUQ ❤❤❤ Tumblr- https://ift.tt/2IQ5CIN ❤❤❤ Pinterest- https://ift.tt/2I3rdfM ❤❤❤ Twitter- https://twitter.com/mozammal395?lang=en ❤❤❤ Google+ - https://ift.tt/2ISZxv9 ❤❤❤ Facebook page- https://ift.tt/2I4GuwJ ❤❤❤ Facebook Grpup- https://goo.gl/TJrwdm ❤❤❤ Bloger- https://ift.tt/2hnXtPU ❤❤❤-https://ift.tt/2BeM4IW ❤❤❤ KO.ru-https://ift.tt/2mV99vW ❥❥❥ Latest Bangla news এই চ্যানেল এর কোন কনটেন্ট অনুমুতিত ব্যাতিত কোথাও আপলোড করলে তা কপিরাইট আইনে ব্যবস্থা নেওয়া হবে। যারা Collaboration করতে আগ্রহী অবশ্যই আমার সাথে যোগাযোগ করুন । আমি সহযোগিতায় বিশ্বাসি । ❥ Latest Bangla news Playlist- ❥❥❥বিচিত্র খবর বাংলা- https://goo.gl/f1sTCa ❥❥❥আজকের তারকা খবর- https://goo.gl/gh1fNW ❥❥❥ News media - https://goo.gl/jZVAop ❥❥❥ news cricket- https://goo.gl/aHrvL1 ❥❥❥Most viewed videos : ঘোড়ার সঙ্গে যৌনমিলনে মালদ্বার ক্ষতবিক্ষত হয়ে মৃত্যু : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OPKpVM3U- ফাস হলো রিতা কয়রালের মৃত্যু রহস্য, কে এই রিতা কয়রাল : https://goo.gl/8pxSof কে এই আনিসুল হক, এবার ফাস হয়ে গেল আনিসুল হকের মৃত্যু রহস্য : https://goo.gl/Qdggo8 ❥ সব সময় সারাক্ষণ Latest Bangla news এর সাথেই থাকুন। আপনার মূল্যবান কমেন্ট আমাদের আরো সুন্দর এবং আকষণীয় ভিডিও তৈরিতে অনুপ্রাণীত করবে।Latest bangla news এর সকল আপডেট নোটিপিকেশন পেতে বেল আইকনে ক্লিক করুন । এবং আপনার বন্ধুদের সাথে শেয়ার করুন । ❥❥ https://www.google.com/ ❥❥❥ https://www.youtube.com/ ❥❥ https://ift.tt/1Mb7D0q

#Latest Bangla News

0 notes