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Transit-Oriented Development Design: buildings

Transit-Oriented Development Design, Chinese building design images, Ronald Lu & Partners Architects News

Transit-Oriented Development Design news

9 May 2022

Let’s Talk About TOD!

Pioneers in Transit-Oriented Development, Ronald Lu & Partners (RLP) break down this fast growing trend

A birds-eye view of TODTOWN by Ronald Lu & Partners: images courtesy of Ronald Lu & Partners

Transit-Oriented Development Design

Transit-Oriented Developments – also known as TODs – are multi-layer urban developments that harmoniously mix residential, commercial, transport, and environmental opportunities. Their primary objective is to optimise land use and maximise access to public transport to promote sustainable urban growth.

TOD design concepts typically include a central transportation hub like a train station, light rail terminus, or bus terminal that is surrounded by a high-density mixed-use development, with lower-density developed areas spreading out from this central point.

TODTOWN by RLP in the Minhang district of Shanghai meets a complex range of needs and challenges by creating a well-connected, mixed-use ‘mini-city’:

Lately, more and more innovative TOD projects have been gathering speed, particularly in eastern China. This is due to the combination of high-density cities and the inherent appeal of mass transportation hubs for large populations. These hubs reduce carbon consumption and eliminate vehicle use and parking spaces while also creating convenience for residents through greater accessibility and more walkability – which encourages a greener lifestyle and enhances the overall health and wellbeing of a community.

TOD project designs tend to centre around three pillars: hospitality and service, a stylistic approach, and intelligence and comfort. They aim to be the perfect lifestyle model for the climate generation.

TODs contain a mixture of residential, business, commercial, and educational facilities with well-planned city functions operating around the clock. These create numerous economic and sustainability advantages, setting TODs up to become the key business zones of the future.

TODTOWN by RLP is located above a mass transit railway station, connecting existing communities and transportation links to expanded rail infrastructure and new retail, office, hotel, and residential developments:

Hong Kong-based architecture practice Ronald Lu & Partners has a comprehensive understanding of TOD. The firm is leading a series of these developments across seven cities in southern China’s Greater Bay Area. These are some of RLP’s most notable projects – together, they demonstrate the different layers of infrastructure that can make up a TOD.

• The Pinghu Comprehensive Development in Shenzhen; an urban renewal project that aims to create an improved lifestyle and commercial area while connecting and integrating transport systems using eco-friendly designs.

• TODTOWN in Shanghai; a ‘mega railway transit hub’ with residential apartments, offices, hotel, a shopping mall, multi-use sports facilities, and an arts centre.

• The Chiwan Comprehensive Development in Shenzhen; a project aiming to provide seamless urban transport networks and restore nearby slopes, creating an ecologically-friendly and dynamic development that respects the relationship with its surroundings and allows residents to live within the natural environment.

• Unipark in Zhuhai; a waterfront development overlooking the Qianshan River and adjacent to Qianshan Station on the Guangzhou-Zhuhai Intercity MRT. The project is comprised of a shopping mall, 5-star hotel, Grade-A office tower, river view residences, serviced apartments and an underground car park. Catering to various living, dining, shopping, entertainment, and business needs, Unipark aims to become an integral part of life for the people of Zhuhai.

• ICC Country Garden Sanlonghui in Foshan; a development that integrates two railway lines connecting people in a one-hour living circle between Hong Kong and Guangzhou. The project comprises a digital centre for the railway, along with associated high-tech businesses, hotels, co-working spaces and apartments, a residential development, and ancillary facilities. The aim is for it to become a generator for urban growth in the vicinity.

• LOHAS Park in Hong Kong; a development which has over 25,000 residential apartments above a mass transit railway station, surrounded by shopping malls, schools, elderly nursing homes, and government facilities. A central park mimics the natural landscape providing multiple green spaces for the community.

• Century Gateway in Hong Kong; the project consists of seven residential towers situated over a retail podium which adjoins the MTR West Rail’s Tuen Mun station. The public transport interchange acts as a hub, connecting neighbouring communities, Hong Kong’s city centre and mainland China and boosting the economic development of Tuen Mun.

The Pinghu Comprehensive Development by RLP is an expansive ‘eco-development’ that reorganises the spatial relationship between nature, culture and the city:

The TOD concept is not well-known in the west, however, we have recently seen smaller-scale developments in several major cities, such as King’s Cross, and more recently, Battersea Power Station in London – a project with homes, shops, cafes, offices, leisure, cultural venues, and over 19 acres of public space. Other global cities are adopting various TOD elements, creating strategic plans to increase walkability and the use of public transportation. These cities include Toronto, Portland, Montreal, San Francisco, and Vancouver.

“TOD projects are more prevalent in the east, as Asian city populations are more concentrated and people are used to ultra-high-density urban environments. In the west, so far we have seen less TODs due to greater car usage and much larger living spaces, with the ratio of people per square metre being much lower. TODs can only really be successful at scale: the higher the population using the TOD, the more successful it will be.” Bryant Lu, RLP Vice Chairman

The Chiwan Comprehensive Development by RLP lies on the southern Shekou Peninsula. This landmark biophilic TOD design promotes a zero-carbon lifestyle and beautifully integrates natural greenery with the nearby hillside:

As the population density of a place increases and technology advances, there will undoubtedly be more demand for mixed-use developments.

We close with RLP’s top 10 principles for creating a successful TOD:

• Create a vibrant hub • Establish a new neighbourhood meeting point • Serve mixed-use functions • Aim for appropriate densification • Develop a three-dimensional network • Achieve seamless integration • Act as an intermodal transportation interchange • Nurture a healthy living environment • Encourage walkability by optimising pedestrian pathways • Prepare for future changes through advance planning

Transport building designs

Ronald Lu and Partners

Transit-Oriented Development Design images / information received 090522 from Ronald Lu and Partners

Location: People’s Republic of China, eastern Asia

LWK + PARTNERS on Transit-oriented developments in China images courtesy of LWK + PARTNERS Chinese transit-oriented developments: buildings

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Hengqin Port Mixed-Use Development, Zhuhai

Hengqin Port, Zhuhai Mixed-Use Development, Guangdong Province Building Design, Chinese Architecture Images

Hengqin Port TOD in Zhuhai

23 Sep 2021

Architects: LWK + PARTNERS

Location: Jiuzhou Port, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China

Hengqin Port Mixed-Use Developmenti

In September 2021, the State Council of China officially announced its plan to build a Guangdong-Macau in-depth cooperation zone in Hengqin, an island located in the southern part of Guangdong’s Zhuhai, separated from Macau only by a bridge. While Hengqin has always been a natural connection point between Macau and Guangdong, the plan is a strong statement of a synergistic future and deeper integration for the neighbours. Under the new framework, intensified economic and social cooperation between the two and greater improvements in urban infrastructure can be expected. As more Macau residents will choose to live or work in Hengqin, cross-border mobility and exchange will also shoot up.

Hengqin Port Mixed-use Development, Zhuhai, China is situated right beside the Hengqin port itself. Architect LWK + PARTNERS designed it as a transit-oriented development (TOD) with efficient programmes closely integrated with convenient transport, setting an excellent foundation for capturing the latest development opportunities. As a multipurpose development, the project makes an engaging urban lounge at the city’s gateway which revitalises the island community.

Super node of two cities Rapid urbanisation has brought a range of urban threats to cities of China, such as densification, traffic congestion and environmental pollution, just to name a few. These not only put pressure on resources, but are directly affecting the quality of life of inhabitants. TOD has consequently risen as a major development model in Chinese cities, which forms walkable neighbourhoods through effective planning of functional spaces, railway connections and the creation of a friendly and accessible pedestrian network. The result is ‘station-city integration’ emerging as a way of living that energises the community, providing more efficient use of land and growing interconnectedness between living, work, recreation and public services.

The TOD model is best fit for high-density cities with extensive railway networks. However, as every city is economically, socially and environmentally unique, there is no single way of building successful TOD communities. For cities to gain the most from TOD, its planning and design principles must be adapted with consideration of local characteristics like population density, travel habits, development goals, culture and history.

Hengqin Port Mixed-use Development consists of two super high-rise towers standing at 203.9 and 164 metres with a four-storey podium and a four-storey basement. It has offices, a hotel, retail spaces and serviced apartments directly connected with the port and associated commercial facilities. The Hengqin port is where the 2020-opened Guangzhou-Zhuhai Intercity Railway extension meets the future extension of Macao Light Rapid Transit, while the famous casino- and hotel-studded Cotai Strip in Macau is just a few minutes’ drive away.

Urban gateway, urban lounge Hengqin is an island with limited land. Hengqin Port Mixed-use Development adopts a vertical programme with a strategic organisation of functional spaces, public spaces and landscaping, creating a strong urban connector. While it links the port’s facilities, traffic planning and surrounding streetscape with thoughtful planning and building designs, multilevel underground spaces and footbridges allow people to channel through communal areas and enjoy a comfortable user experience. As regional development speeds up, the project is well positioned to facilitate further reform and upgrade of the city’s industries and living standard.

The project brings about a comfortable and convenient slow mobility system that unifies with its surrounding environment, road network and the port. An all-weather walking route is set out to reduce the need for cars, encouraging a healthy and sustainable lifestyle in the community.

The retail podium is planned as a link between lifestyle and work, with a diversity of public spaces to promote the integration of outdoor and indoor spaces and provide an engaging transitional zone for passers-by and interchange passengers. It also relieves the impact of the building mass and creates a sense of arrival for those entering the city through the port.

Building design with local characteristics Embracing Hengqin’s goal to become an eco-friendly city, the project’s modern architectural language expresses both a humanistic spirit and respect for urban ecology. The two towers stand in complementing heights with one another to create a dynamic skyline inspired by the natural landscape in Hengqin. By adopting a streamlined design and marine palette, it also avoids disrupting the native landscape and coastal environment.

LWK + PARTNERS consciously incorporates local symbols, styles, forms and construction methods in the architectural details. The façade is clean and simple, free of over-decorative elements and with horizontal features on every floor to balance out the sharp tall tower form. The scale, texture and materials of the façade also resonate with the adjacent buildings.

To save energy and foster a biophilic built environment, the overall planning, layout and building fabric are all designed to favour summer shading and natural ventilation. Green roofs are also treated as a fifth façade to raise the presence of natural greenery. The project qualifies for a three-star rating under China’s Assessment Standard for Green Building (GB/T50378-2014).

Next trend: Green TOD As China’s society becomes increasingly aware of natural conservation and environmental health, TOD as a planning approach is shifting from a purely functional, efficiency-driven and compact model to one that aspires to liveability, low-carbon building and harmony between people, cities and nature. The idea of ‘station-city integration’ is moving towards ‘station-city-human integration’.

Years of experience has led LWK + PARTNERS to believe that Green TOD is the core driver of sustainable development amid rampant urbanisation and traffic challenges, while also taking into account every city’s unique characteristics. The advancement of information technology and smart city initiatives will also be closely linked with TODs, which are urban centres with intensive business and foot traffic, in realising sustainable urban development.

Hengqin Port Mixed-Use Development in Guangdong Province, China – Building Information

Project: Hengqin Port Mixed-use Development Location: Zhuhai, China Client: Shun Tak Development Ltd. Architect: LWK + PARTNERS Interior Designer (Office Tower): LWK + PARTNERS Site Area: 23,800 sqm Gross Floor Area: 220,883 sqm Year of Completion: 2019

Hengqin Port Mixed-Use Development, Zhuhai images / information received 230921

Location: Jiuzhou Port, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China

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Zhuhai Jinwan Civic Art Centre, Jiuzhou Port Design: Zaha Hadid Architects render : Slashcube Zhuhai Jinwan Civic Art Centre

Jiuzhou Bay Waterfront Neighborhood Design: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM) image © ATCHAIN New Waterfront Neighborhood for Zhuhai

Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge for HK Port Architects: Aedas and RSHP image courtesy of architects Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge for HK Port

Intercontinental Hotel, Gongbei Area, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai City Interior design firm: CL3 Architects image courtesy of architecture office Intercontinental Hotel in Zhuhai, Guangdong

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