#Radiation Spectrum Analyzers

[inbabylontheywept]

"I think we underestimated the human population by eight or nine orders of magnitude."

The war room was reeling. The human population had been estimated in the mere hundred billion range. They should barely have had enough of an economy to field two light cruisers, least of all the goddamn armada that was ravaging the inner worlds. After the alpha strike, the human flotilla should’ve been completely crippled. Instead the number of ships they were fielding kept growing.

Tan-Hauser was the first target struck by a human attack, and they reported seventeen craft before they lost comms. Attican was hit just three days after that, but their reports already showed numbers above ninety. Any doubts that the fleet was growing were eliminated when Outpost Batan reported 1,217 FTL pings two days before the loss of Kira.

The number reported was so big it was written off as a sensor malfunction. Twenty-five billion souls lost, all because nobody in the war room could face reality.

They were going to face it now. The Kirarian in front of them was the primary sensor engineer for the Batan outpost, a specialist with more expertise in analyzing space lanes than warships. He’d been up for at least the last two days, poring over the sensor data, and only now was ready to begin to share his findings.

From the pain in his multifaceted eyes, it was clear he was still reeling from the loss of his homeworld.

Seeing that he had the room’s attention, he began to speak. The translation units each member of the war council had implanted experienced a moment of lag as they struggled to convert the almost musical tonal humming of the Kirarian tongue to more common galactic speech.

"The simplest data that can be analyzed from an FTL ping is the distance that the ship traveled before dropping to sublight. The contracted space in front of the craft traps small particles, even light itself for a short period, compressing its wavelength and then releasing it when the field disengages."

The war room nodded along. The explanation was mildly technical, but anyone that had traveled on an FTL shuttle before knew the hazards of exiting FTL directly in front of your home destination. Blasting your home station with a wave of alpha, beta, and ultraviolet rays was hardly a warm welcome.

The engineer continued.

“The… issue with this is that we’re used to the majority of the ping being in the UV spectrum. We aren’t entirely sure what the spectrum of the signals we got from the ships were because Batan station can only detect up into the low gamma range, but that’s still what the majority of the human’s FTL pings were detected in. That’s at least ten billion times the frequency that we’re used to. Since the frequency of the burst can be roughly modeled by multiplying the mean radiation per unit distance by the length of the path, that implies one of two things: That the human ships are either traveling through areas with ten billion times the standard background flux, or that they are traveling extragalactic distances.”

The engineer paused for a few seconds at that statement. The pain of loss still shone in his gemstone eyes, but something more immediate was beginning to take center stage: Fear.

“Because the craft is essentially throwing… well, normally it would be the next three or four days worth of cosmic background radiation at you. In our case it’s more like several decades. But because it’s just giving you an advance on your normal cosmic background radiation, you can track the void in the next several days' worth of background noise to determine the ship's approach vector. The 1,217 crafts that arrived weren’t coming from the same spot. There were actually hundreds of converging vectors, but more importantly…”

He trailed off, a small 3D model of the local space appearing in the center of the holo table. A spiked ball of vectors protruded from the galactic disk, each piercing cleanly through his former homeworld.

His voice cracked a little, the hum turning into a hiss. The translator tech paused a moment too, struggling to convey the subtle emotional cues into the message.

“They’re all coming off the galactic disk. That doesn’t just mean that we’re surrounded, that doesn’t just mean that we’re outnumbered�� It means that each attack that we’ve seen up to this point is from an entirely separate group. What we’ve been mistaking for fleets, I believe, are simply the beginning trickles of their exploratory forces. Each of the sites that they’ve targeted hasn’t been of significant strategic importance; they’ve just been sites with unusually strong output signals. I think they’re just using our transmission stations as makeshift beacons for their FTL jumps." He took a deep breath to steady himself before providing his final thought. "I think we underestimated the size of the human population by eight or nine orders of magnitude.”

There was a heavy silence in the war room as that last sentence was processed. The engineer was already out the door before he heard the panic begin to set in.

Part of him felt a little guilty. It would’ve probably been kinder for them to go out not knowing what was about to hit them. Still, it wasn’t often you could force people with this much power to realize that they’d just lost everything.

There was a bitter satisfaction in that.

[mysticstronomy]

HOW DO ASTRONOMERS DETECT EXOPLANETS AND DETERMINE IF THEY COULD SUPPORT LIFE??

Blog#335

Wednesday, September 27th, 2023

Welcome back,

On March 21, NASA announced the confirmation of the 5,000th planet outside our Solar System. From scorching-hot gas giants nestled near their parent star to rocky worlds that may host water on their surface, there’s a variety for scientists to study.

But finding these strange new worlds is a science in itself.

We’ve only been able to definitively detect planets of any kind for a few decades, and even at that, there are challenges in detecting such a small object at that distance in even the most powerful telescopes.

Inverse spoke with Marie-Eve Naud, an exoplanet researcher and outreach coordinator for the University of Montreal’s Institute for Research on Exoplanets, to tell us more about how astronomers find these worlds and the considerations for each method.

While there are numerous methods, the ones cited below are the most common.

THE TRANSIT METHOD

Astronomers have discovered most exoplanets using the transit method, notably with NASA's Kepler telescope launched in 2009. This method observes planets as they pass in front of their stars, causing a slight dimming of starlight, which photometers can detect. This approach works best in space due to minimal atmospheric interference, favored by missions like ESA's Cheops and NASA's TESS.

To confirm exoplanets, multiple transits are necessary to rule out sunspots or dust as causes of light fluctuations. Typically, two or three transits are required to gather substantial data.

Once a planet is detected, astronomers can estimate its radius, while mass is often determined through the radial velocity method. The combination of mass and radius helps classify a planet as rocky or gaseous, impacting its potential habitability.

Factors like proximity to an active star and radiation levels also affect habitability assessments, as seen with TRAPPIST-1's uncertain habitability despite hosting seven Earth-sized planets in its habitable zone.

RADIAL-VELOCITY METHOD

The radial velocity method is commonly used to discover planets, particularly with instruments like HARPS at the European Southern Observatory’s La Silla 3.6m telescope in Chile.

Planets and stars both orbit around their center of mass. A star with a planet exhibits a slight motion. Multiple planets can lead to complex motions.

This method involves analyzing the star's spectrum. When the star approaches, its light shifts towards red due to compression. When it moves away, the light shifts towards blue.

The planet's motion slightly affects the star's spectrum, creating a "barcode" of the star.

The first detection of a planet around a Sun-like star using this method was in 1995 when Didier Queloz and Michel Mayor found 51 Pegasi b. Prior to that, in 1992, planets were detected around pulsar PSR B1257+12, using changes in the pulsar's radio signal. This showcases the diverse scientific approaches to discovering distant worlds.

Originally published on www.inverse.com

COMING UP!!

(Saturday, September 30th, 2023)

"WHAT IS THE BLOCK THEORY??"

[wianes]

Exploring Griffith's Duality Symbolism: Beyond Light and Dark part 2

In the present analysis, I delve into the second, more extensive section. This part addresses the intricate issues discussed in the initial part. It aims to explore the continuity and thematic significance of Griffith's character, which is a central theme of the series.

This includes a thorough examination of his androgynous appearance. Additionally, I will analyze the symbolic ideas behind such portrayals across various cultures and within the realm of Berserk.

This research will consider the significance of these representations within the broader context of cultural symbolism. It will also explore its wider implications. Given my accustomed approach to such long texts, this analysis will not be an easy or brief read.

Symbolic significance of Griffith’s Androgynous appearance

Griffith appears as a figure whose presence transcends ordinary perception. He embodies an indescribable beauty that challenges traditional gender boundaries. This representation evokes the essence of an otherworldly fantasy. It taps into the collective memory of humanity.

The contours of his face include rounded cheeks, a subtly defined chin, and finely sculpted, convex lips. These features radiate a classic elegance. They resonate with the revered principles of ancient lore. This portrayal seamlessly blends timeless elements of artistic styles, mythological ideals, and beauty standards.

Miura’s illustration accentuates these qualities with an all-encompassing sensuality. This elevates Griffith into an enduring icon of awe and fascination.

Griffith's long, flowing white hair serves as a powerful visual symbol in shaping his character. The intricate, ringlet-like texture envelops him. It enhances his otherworldly and mesmerizing presence while hinting at deeper themes. This concept aligns with the common understanding that hair cells, though they die when exposed, cause no pain when cut. The constant replacement of old strands by new ones highlights the seemingly lifelike nature of hair. Even after death, hair can appear to grow, giving an eerie sense of lingering life in ancient remains.

In many cultures, long, untamed hair represents freedom from societal constraints. This reflects a character who challenges norms and embodies individuality. I believe Miura assigned particular importance to hair. The white color adds further significance. It expresses a spectrum of contrasts. Whiteness projects an essence of all or nothing. It symbolizes both extremes—heat and cold, fire and ice. This quality echoes the Snow Queen’s icy beauty alongside the vampire’s bloodless passion, blending both mythic and spectral elements.

Griffith's complexion is pale, translucent, and almost silver-white. It glistens with a luminous, resplendent elegance. His aesthetic, rich with picturesque qualities, is strikingly otherworldly. It often evokes the image of a character from a fairy tale, despite already inhabiting a fantasy world. In his various appearances, Griffith adopts warrior-like poses. These highlight his regal presence, reminiscent of statuesque Roman heroes.

His "Neo" depiction fluidly alternates between being fully armored and revealing a more exposed, naked self. This duality adds depth to his character. His famed smile is recognized for its innocent and soft nature. It conveys an in-depth sense of purity.

Yet, while his smile sweetens with an endearing quality, his eyes convey a more savage and cold density. They are so deeply intimidating that they evoke an unsettling fear, reminiscent of a raptor's piercing glare. This dichotomy creates a vivid contrast, intertwining innocence with an underlying complexity and depth that both captivates and disturbs.

I hope I captured various dualisms that contribute to the overall design framework.

Divinity as a fusion of masculine and feminine elements-genesis and the Androgynous origin of humanity

Typically, we classify androgynes into two main categories. One category results from division. The other arises from the merging of opposites. This physicality is not a capricious choice by the author. Rather, it serves as a meticulously selected motif for his artistic vision.

In the realm of myth, androgyny epitomizes the convergence of opposites. It symbolizes unity and completeness among deities and mythical entities. This state of equilibrium and wholeness reflects an idealized version of primal ecstasy at the genesis of creation. This concept underscores a fundamental unity that was once inherent in humanity but is now fragmented. It evokes a deep longing to return to that original harmony.

Across historical periods, divinity consistently reveals a dual nature. Even the most distinctly masculine or feminine gods exhibit androgynous qualities. Regardless of their form, divinity embodies the ultimate reality and absolute power. It transcends limitations imposed by attributes such as gender, morality, or ethics.

In the grand tapestry of Christian symbolism, the Book of Genesis reveals two profound and interwoven creation narratives. The second narrative spans Genesis 2:5–3:24. It begins with Adam appearing in a barren, desolate landscape. At the dawn of time, the Lord God meticulously crafted the heavens and the earth. Not a single shrub or plant had yet graced the arid terrain, for the Lord God had withheld the rain. Initially, Adam appears as a symbol of divine androgyny. He merges both male and female qualities.

In this primordial context, God creates Eden. It is a lush and verdant sanctuary sustained by the flow of four life-giving rivers. At the center of this paradise stand two revered trees: the Tree of Life and the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil. These trees reflect the divine duality inherent in God's nature.

Priscillian describes God as “masculofoemina.” This resonates with Genesis 1:27: “So God created man in his own image; in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them.” The Hebrew word for mankind in this verse is "'adam." This term signifies all of humanity within the biblical context. The use of "'adam" underscores the term's inclusive nature. It highlights both male and female aspects of humankind.

The serpent, revered as the wisest of all of God’s creatures, approaches Eve by the Tree of Knowledge. It subtly insinuates that the fruit from this tree imparts divine wisdom. After they eat the forbidden fruit, “the eyes of both of them are opened.” They become aware of their nakedness, which instills in them a profound sense of shame. This sudden enlightenment marks their shift from innocent instinct to a complex understanding of good and evil. It captures the essence of the Fall.

The narrative reaches its climax with their expulsion from Eden. This is a poignant symbol of divine retribution for their transgression. This event is a central theme in the mythos of the Fall. The story highlights humanity’s intrinsic flaws and the lasting effects of awakened consciousness. Although Adam and Eve leave paradise, their newfound awareness brings them closer to divine wisdom. Nevertheless, it also introduces shame and separates them from their original purity. This tale intricately explores the human condition. It traces the journey from primal instincts to self-awareness and the onset of existential suffering.

The Garden of Eden, a significant symbol within European iconography, remains a perennial motif in Western cultural narratives, illustrating the origins of human suffering and mortality.

The Androgynous nature of Christ in the eucharistic ritual

Carl Jung, along with other eminent thinkers, frequently draws parallels between psychology and alchemy. He suggests that the alchemical quest for the philosopher’s stone—transforming base metals into gold—serves as a metaphor for spiritual metamorphosis. This alchemical journey involves integrating and reconciling opposites. Jung interprets the stages of alchemical processes as symbolic of psychological transformations. Figures such as Christ play a pivotal role in this transformative framework.

In Jungian thought, the mystical body embodies both genders. This is symbolized through bread and wine. The dual elements—wine representing the masculine and bread symbolizing the feminine—reflect the androgynous nature of the mystical Christ. The Mass, therefore, epitomizes the central mystery of God’s transformation into man and His return to His absolute existence. Through devotion and self-sacrifice, humanity participates in this enigmatic process. It serves as an instrument in the divine drama.

Several scriptural passages resonate deeply with these themes. When the disciples inquired about the end of times, Jesus responded, “Have you already discovered the beginning that you are now asking about the end? Where the beginning is, the end will be too.” In another profound exchange, Jesus elucidates the path to the kingdom: “When you make the two into one, and when you make the inside like the outside and the outside like the inside and the above like the below—that is, when you make the male and the female into one, so that the male will not be male and the female will not be female—and when you transform an eye into an eye, a hand into a hand, and a foot into a foot, an image into an image, then you will enter [the kingdom].”

In essence, these passages intertwine the mystical and the mundane. They illuminate the convergence of spiritual and earthly realms in the quest for divine understanding.

Freud’s Interpretation of Androgyny

Androgynous divinity, Babylonian gem- Here, we can see the emergence of a common, culturally independent motif: the duality of gender, the two serpents, the sun, and the moon.

Freud acknowledged the challenge of reconciling life instincts with their inherent conservative or regressive nature. He remarked, “In the case of Eros (or the love instinct), we cannot apply this formula.” Freud argued that the notion of a once unified living substance, now fragmented and seeking reassembly, is represented in myth. He cited Aristophanes' depiction in Plato's Symposium. This portrayal shows sexual union as an effort to restore the lost unity of an originally androgynous being before the sexes separated.

According to Freud, the myth of androgyny embodies both the creative principle and the guiding mystical force. The spirit, inherently divided within existence, generates suffering and unrest. Therefore, androgyny signifies not only a connection to ancient Platonic ideals but also a foretaste of the future. It symbolizes intellectual activity that transcends gender issues. Ancient civilizations viewed their primordial deity as androgynous. This reflects its emanation from the mind.

Buch der Heiligen Dreifaltigkeit

As previously noted, androgyny, commonly linked with Mercury in alchemy, represents the integration of dualities into a unified form. The significance of these two terms extends beyond mere biological aspects. They pertain to sexual characteristics, but their meaning should also be explored at a more abstract and holistic level.

The male principle imparts life force but remains vulnerable to death. The female principle nurtures and animates life. In this framework, Eve, who emerged from Adam, illustrates that the spiritual realm transcends the vital essence. Adam came before Eve, and the vital essence preceded the spiritual.

The distinction between male and female denotes separation. This is akin to the differentiation between upper and lower waters, and Heaven and Earth. In the earliest creation narratives, the first human was androgynous, as this separation had not yet taken place.

From a mystical standpoint, the spirit is categorized as male. The soul that animates the body is categorized as female. This concept aligns with Jungian duality, reflecting the animus and anima.

The Alchemical journey: animus and anima in the tale of Sleeping Beauty’s unio mystica

While Charlotte may seem like a third-tier character, her role carries significant weight within the plot. In magical tales, royal blood often holds profound narrative. It is seen as imbued with a divine essence. This link connects characters to a higher spiritual order. It allows rulers to influence their communities and guide individuals toward elevated consciousness. They are chosen for a divine purpose, destined to fulfill a particular mission.

At the outset, I will outline the intricate bond between Griffith and Charlotte. Miura skillfully uses symbolism to weave together two contrasting principles: the solar and the lunar. These symbols represent a divine union. Griffith is portrayed as an anointed hero, while Charlotte, through her royal lineage, is destined for sovereignty.

Charlotte gifts Griffith a cherished family heirloom. It is a necklace adorned with a naturally magnetic lodestone. She keeps its feminine counterpart, symbolizing their connection. Additionally, a statue holding a shield represents the quaternity. This statue bears the Midland flag. This symbol carries deep meaning. It merges four distinct energies into a unified whole.

Sun: illumination; the solar masculine aspect

Moon: dormant consciousness; the feminine lunar aspect

Lightning: awakening consciousness

Stars: dreaming consciousness

The lodestone possesses profound symbolic and practical relevance within the universal order. Its magnetic properties are believed to provide guidance. They bridge the gap between the physical and metaphysical realms. Throughout history, this stone, entwined with magic, has guided individuals through the natural world. Myths ascribe to it the power to attract objects and people alike. It embodies a universal force that unites and binds all things.

Given this understanding, the solar and lunar forces naturally draw toward each other. The Tower of Triumph merges all four elements seamlessly. The story of Griffith and Charlotte echoes the timeless theme of Sleeping Beauty. Charlotte, restricted by parental limitations on her feminine nature, remains trapped in a state of prolonged unconsciousness.

Consequently, she possesses limited experience with conscious life and the external world. Confined and protected, she mirrors the archetypal princess trapped in a state of "eternal slumber." Within the castle walls, she remains ensconced in her chambers and towers. These spaces are characterized by stillness and isolation. In stark contrast, Griffith emerges as an active and conscious force. He engages aggressively with the external world. He confronts its myriad challenges. This contrast establishes the foundation for my analysis, which examines the narrative through a Jungian perspective.

The archetypal plot unfolds in a manner similar to a dream. It moves through the four classical stages of drama. The story begins with the exposition of time and place. Fairy tales typically commence with phrases such as "once upon a time." These phrases evoke a sense of timelessness and spatial ambiguity. Symbols such as the spinning wheel, the cursed sleep, and the final awakening during a moment of rediscovery embody overarching concepts. These ideas include the passage of time, the process of transformation, and the triumph of life, as interpreted by the collective unconscious.

Jung proposed that fairy tales offer a valuable way to explore the comparative anatomy of the psyche. While myths, legends, and other mythological narratives provide valuable cultural material, fairy tales reveal archetypal truths. This is due to their less culturally specific content. Parental interventions, often misguided, are symbolized by Sleeping Beauty's "hundred years of slumber." This drowsiness frequently delays the attainment of maturity at the proper time.

In a reimagining, Charlotte perceives Griffith not through a winter window but through the lens of spring. This symbolizes renewal and joy. His return with snowdrops signifies the hope of new beginnings. This moment comes after the vow made on that fateful day. It underscores her unwavering belief. It also confirms the eternal nature of his commitment, despite the changing circumstances.

The motif of embracing and intertwining frequently recurs in solar myths and rebirth legends. This includes the tale of Sleeping Beauty and the legend of the maiden ensnared between bark and wood. An ancient myth tells of a sun-hero who needs liberation from captivity. Thus, Griffith embodies the archetypal prince. He arrives at the crucial moment when parental guidance falters. His capacity to offer direction diminishes.

Alchemy often involves reconciling and synthesizing opposing forces. This parallels the narrative. In Sleeping Beauty, the prince (animus) represents the conscious, active, masculine principle. Meanwhile, Sleeping Beauty (anima) embodies the unconscious, passive, feminine principle. Their union signifies the integration of these dual aspects within the psyche. This achieves psychological completeness—the sacred union of lunar and solar principles, known as hieros gamos.

Fertility inherently requires a unified, dual aspect. Natural cycles depend on duality and transformation. This highlights a cosmic process that transcends human endeavors. Here, the harmonious interplay of opposites fosters growth. The terms 'masculine' and 'feminine' denote fundamental principles rather than specific genders. Through their connection to the realm of fauna, they offer a non-anthropocentric viewpoint. Human activities contribute to a broader cosmic process of growth and transformation. This is poetically described as 'the play of clouds and rain.'

The light permeates the embroidery emphasizes the theme of truth versus illusion. Charlotte, in her effort to hide, uses a symbolic "thin veil" (the embroidery) to represent Griffith. This infuses it with multidimensional meaning. It suggests an illusion: Charlotte knows Griffith only through his idealized image (the embroidery). The actual reality (Griffith standing behind the embroidery) shifts this perception.

Just as the sun reveals the moon’s surface, the wind—symbolizing creation in various myths—represents space and the processes of life. Revered as a fundamental element, it is closely linked to the creative breath or act of exhalation. Jung connects the wind with breath. He equates it with the spirit and signifies a divine infusion of spirituality.

Griffith's affinity for windows (He likes to stand by the windows and to come in and out through the windows.) further underscores this symbolism. The window, a recurring motif, acts as a portal between the inner and outer worlds. Known as the "soul’s eye," windows reflect one’s consciousness and perspective on the world. The placement of these windows on a tower resembling a human head amplifies their symbolic significance. As symbols of how consciousness perceives and interprets reality, windows represent any medium through which we encounter illumination. Thus, they serve as gateways to spiritual enlightenment. They bridge the visible and invisible realms while providing glimpses into the divine.

Windows function not only as physical openings but also as metaphysical symbols of awakening. They illustrate how consciousness comprehends and interacts with the world. As channels for experiencing divine illumination, windows highlight the connection between the mundane and the sacred.

The concept of unio mystica, with the soul depicted as feminine, represents the mystical union with the divine. The animus, symbolizing the masculine aspect, fulfills this divine union not literally but symbolically. This occurs through a more abstract, internal experience.

In various cultural, literary, and mythical contexts, blood symbolizes transformation. Bloodletting often connects to themes of sacrifice and power. The mythological imagery portrays a child intuitively comparing blood to the earth trapped under winter’s icy grip. This anticipates the liberating touch of spring’s sun. This imagery parallels the earth’s release from winter’s prison and its rejuvenation by spring’s rays. It leads to the rebirth of a renewed kingdom. This theme is central in Sleeping Beauty. Her awakening not only restores her but also revitalizes the universe.

Thus, the myth of Sleeping Beauty serves as a profound metaphor for the cyclical renewal of life and the harmonious balance between opposing principles. The hero’s return from the underworld, as the bringer of light, illustrates how mythological narratives encode profound truths about the human psyche and the natural world.

To add a personal observation: I can't help but notice that the scene is beautiful and rich in metaphors. Nevertheless, upon reflection, this symbolic interplay appears to exist more on a metaphysical level. Its significance is for the universe rather than in terms of genuine connection and authenticity. Beyond the saccharine, magical veneer, reality is very objective. After all, Charlotte has very limited knowledge of Griffith. Griffith, in turn, does not really love her. Consequently, this narrative lacks elements analogous to a 'real love's kiss.'

The cosmic dance: Androgyny and spiritual wholeness in eastern mysticism

The androgyny inherent in the divine ground epitomizes the quintessence of mystical experience. This concept seamlessly integrates elements that may initially appear dichotomous. In Indian Tantrism, the spiritual union of Shiva and Shakti represents the convergence of masculine and feminine energies. This union restores the original unity of creation, originating from the transcendent Brahman. Brahman transcends gender and embodies both aspects fully.

Western interpretations frequently misrepresent the balance between male and female in the Tantric tradition. They often reduce it to sexual practices. Conversely, Tantra fundamentally revolves around discipline. It includes structured meditation and religious rituals. These aim for spiritual transformation rather than mere sensual gratification. The essence of Tantrism lies in understanding that opposites—whether masculine and feminine or other cosmic forces—contribute to a larger, unified reality.

Many Eastern traditions suggest that opposites emerged from the fragmentation of a singular reality. This fragmentation gave rise to the world of forms. Thus, the soul's journey is to reunite these fragments into their original unity.

The confluence of Shiva and Shakti transcends mere physicality, embodying the cosmic balance that sustains all creation. This union symbolizes the dynamic interaction between stillness and energy, as well as consciousness and movement. It reflects the ideal of balance encapsulated by the archetype of Ardhanarishvara, a deity depicted as half-male and half-female. Ardhanarishvara signifies that within every being reside both masculine and feminine energies, awaiting integration.

True spiritual transcendence, according to Tantra, arises from merging these dualities within oneself. This process transcends the confines of gender and duality to achieve a state of wholeness.

The eternal play of opposites—sun and moon, fire and water, creation and destruction—perpetuates the cycle of life and rebirth. This cycle reflects the sacred balance at the core of existence.

The serpentine symbolism in Hinduism reinforces the androgynous theme. The male serpent signifies the sun, representing the masculine principle. Meanwhile, the female serpent embodies the moon, symbolizing the feminine. Their intertwining symbolizes the union of heaven and earth. This union encapsulates the eternal balance and sacred equilibrium at the core of existence.

These themes are expressed in Hindu art and philosophy through the depiction of chakras. The initial three chakras correspond to primal, instinctual drives. The fourth chakra, located in the heart, symbolizes love and compassion. This marks the transition from animalistic instincts to higher spiritual awareness.

As one ascends through the upper chakras, the path toward unity and transcendence unfolds. Here, dualities merge into the singularity of consciousness.

The journey to this realization, as expressed in Tantrism, is a path toward inner transformation and divine union. It embraces the eternal dance of life.

As a primordial symbol, it is present universally among humans. It represents a fundamental element deeply rooted in our collective consciousness. This symbol has held profound meaning across diverse cultures and religions from the very beginning.

It signifies life and growth. It highlights the connection between nature and the cosmos. Furthermore, it forges a link between the earth and the heavens. It connects matter and spirit, knowledge and enlightenment, as well as humanity and the origins of creation.

The symbol strives to capture the universal and spiritual essence of the tree. It embodies the profound unity and significance that transcend individual belief systems.

Anima Mundi and the journey of the world-soul: Griffith as Anthropos in Hegelian philosophy

Anima Mundi, the world-soul, epitomizes the essential animating force that pervades the cosmos. It weaves an intricate tapestry of interconnectedness and contemplative vitality. This concept aligns with philosophical paradigms. Particularly, it resonates with those articulated by Hegel. Hegel’s theories explore the interconnected roles of history, religion, and philosophy. These elements play crucial parts in the development of human consciousness and the realization of the Absolute, or ultimate truth. His ideas resonate with the essence of Anima Mundi as a concept, highlighting the unity within the cosmos.

The world-soul, much like spirit or ether, signifies a natural power that permeates all forms of life and psychic phenomena. This power bridges both the grand and the minute. It mirrors the Indian concept of atman, present within every human heart despite its vast cosmic scale. This celestial essence symbolizes the quintessence of the physical world.

When examined in various contexts, this symbol parallels contemporary portrayals of the self. It emphasizes the integration of diverse psychic dimensions to achieve wholeness and harmony.

Within cultural and religious frameworks, the quaternity represents universal principles. This concept plays a key role in human understanding and the pursuit of self-realization. The primordial cosmic man, or Anthropos, epitomizes the world-soul—a unity both within and beyond, mirroring the atman in Upanishadic thought.

Just as quicksilver manifests Mercury, gold embodies the sun within the earth. These symbols reflect spiritual and alchemical truths, illuminating the interconnection between cosmic and human realms.

Hegel’s interpretation of the emperor as the embodiment of the "world-soul" traverses philosophical terrain. This interpretation integrates historical and ideological dimensions with praxis. This stage signifies the apogee of the Absolute spirit. Here, disparate energies converge to sculpt the trajectory of human civilization.

“I saw the Emperor – this World-Soul/The Weltgeist/Die Weltseele – riding out of the city on reconnaissance. It is indeed a wonderful sensation to see such an individual, who, concentrated here at a single point, astride a horse, reaches out over the world and masters it.”— Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, upon witnessing Napoleon in Jena

The essence of Hegel’s dialectic, central to his philosophical framework, is captured by the triadic dynamics of thesis, antithesis, and synthesis. The thesis introduces an initial condition or viewpoint. The antithesis represents the opposition or conflict to the thesis, offering a counterpoint or challenge. The synthesis resolves this tension by integrating elements of both the thesis and antithesis into a higher, more advanced understanding.

This dialectical process is iterative and dynamic, where each synthesis evolves into a new thesis. Thus, the cycle of thesis-antithesis-synthesis perpetuates, embodying the continuous and transformative progression observed in both philosophical and historical contexts.

Within the framework of Hegel’s absolute philosophy, Griffith represents the elevated concept of mediated, developmental unity. This unity exists between subjective thought and objective reality. His essence, particularly through his ethereal incarnation and the evolution of his surroundings, exemplifies Hegel’s idea that 'thought and being are one.' Griffith’s life and actions vividly illustrate this philosophical notion, showing how the subjective realm of thought and the objective reality of being are intricately intertwined and harmoniously unified.

The process of synthesis in Griffith’s journey demonstrates how disparate realms merge into a cohesive unity, offering a nuanced interpretation of existential coherence within Hegelian terms. Griffith’s role as a unifying force for polar opposites underscores his deep philosophical expertise. Each individual and apostle, by subordinating their egos to Griffith, transforms him into a perennial conduit, absorbing all perplexity and serving as a bridge between external substance and the universal essence of the mind.

Griffith transcends the ordinary. He emerges as a monumental figure in the pursuit of human freedom and self-awareness. His belief that divine revelation comes through historical transformation, rather than miraculous occurrences, reflects his dedication to progress. Griffith’s odyssey illuminates the evolution of consciousness within the grand tapestry of Berserk. The 'Man of Knowledge' embodies all cosmic dichotomies and equities. He encapsulates every facet of the cosmos within the ultimate individual. His essence and complexity resonate with the very fabric of the universe.

Griffith's society presents a scene where antagonistic forces coexist. Each contributes to a richly intertwined reality.

The Christian Millennium represents a concept of profound significance, heralding an era increasingly close to the world's denouement. Within this context, the Millennium Empire symbolizes a serene coexistence achieved through a visionary framework. This moment evokes the restoration of Eden, characterized by a significant, symbiotic communion among monsters, devils, and humans—an essence vividly reflected in Griffith himself.

As Western civilization transitioned from the Medieval epoch to the Renaissance, it emerged from the shadow of deities and demons. This era of revival, akin to the Renaissance of ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, signifies a pivotal historical shift towards human liberation.

The narrative of Berserk asserts that Griffith undertakes nothing less than the reconstruction of the ancient world. He reclaims mankind’s lost faith in the celestial and the otherworldly.

Chthonic and Uranic balance:The Taoist perspective on dualities

To understand this topic, it's essential to highlight the fundamental differences between the Western and Eastern worlds. Western philosophies view the universe as a system composed of separate objects. These objects are further reduced to basic building blocks, whose properties and interactions entirely determine all natural phenomena. This conception of the universe continues to underpin most scientific thought and significantly influences everyday life.

In the West, academic disciplines tend to fragment, justifying the treatment of the universe as if it consists of various distinct parts. Western philosophy emphasizes the parts of a whole rather than the whole itself. For example, the mind and body are perceived as two separate entities with distinct identities. This mentality is evident in everyday western societies, affecting politics, religion, and even racial relations.

Eastern philosophy, on the other hand, emphasizes wholeness rather than individuality. This is one reason why Asian sages never distinguished between religion and philosophy, or between mind and body. Nor did they divide their philosophies into separate branches. All of their teachings should be seen not as separate truths but as interconnected parts that ultimately lead to the revelation of a single Truth. The essence of the Eastern worldview is the awareness of unity and the interconnections among all things. It experiences all phenomena in the world as manifestations of a fundamental oneness.

In this perspective, everything comprises independent and inseparable components of a cosmic whole, representing different expressions of the same ultimate reality. While people in the West may see themselves as unique, individual, and beloved by God, individuals in the East consider themselves part of something greater.

Taoism reveals a fundamental unity that transcends dualities. The Tao is regarded as the ultimate reality and ineffable essence. It surpasses rigid categorizations. While yin and yang are crucial in the celestial interplay, Taoism views them as integral aspects of a larger whole. These forces maintain cosmic order and balance. Thus, integrates dualities into a seamless unity. It illustrates how opposing forces harmonize within the vibrant tapestry of existence.

In contrast to worldviews that separate the supernatural from the material, Taoism embraces immanent transcendence. This perspective goes beyond dichotomies such as matter and spirit, fire and water, and heaven and earth. It symbolizes their unity through their dynamic interplay. Taoism’s philosophical framework celebrates dualities, prominently represented by yin and yang.

This celestial schema extends to the cosmos. Oneness (non-presence) facilitates the emergence of twoness (presence, Yin/Yang distinction). This emergence generates threeness and opens the realm of multiplicity. This integrated process reveals a synchronous order where oneness, twoness, threeness, and multiplicity coexist and interdepend. The Tao’s oneness epitomizes both internal and external unity. It symbolizes the void and the complete whole.

Different stages of the manga suggest they represent halves of a grander, interconnected whole. Their disparate paths embody the essence of a singular, complex continuum—a kindred soul.

Mystics transcend intellectual abstractions. They achieve awareness of the relative and polar relationships inherent in all opposites. They recognize that concepts such as good and evil, pleasure and pain, and life and death are not separate, absolute entities. Instead, these are dialectical aspects of a singular reality. They represent extreme poles of a unified whole. Eastern mysticism centers around this absolute perspective. It culminates in acintya, or "no thought," where the unity of all opposites becomes a perceptible experience.

The concept of being "half of someone" signifies a profound intertwining of lives. Individuals complement and complete one another. They interlace attributes and skills that balance and enhance each other. Each person embodies only a partial essence of their true self. This captures the existential quest for wholeness.

Those who resonate deeply with one another often embrace the natural unfolding of events and encounters. They view their bond as harmonizing with the organic flow of destiny.

In the realm of Berserk, Guts embodies the essence of a human intertwined with an inner beast. Griffith represents a demon harboring an infant within. As the plot unfolds, Guts develops a white patch in his hair when he dons the beast's armor. In contrast, Griffith’s hair darkens under the influence of the infant.

From a psychological perspective, the self often emerges through dreams, myths, and fairy tales. It manifests as a superordinate personality or as symbols of totality. Examples of these symbols include the circle or cross. They represent a complex union of opposites. This parallels the Taoist concept of the interplay between yang and yin. These symbols also reflect the struggles between heroic figures and their adversaries in various myths and legends.

Miura’s decision to incorporate Taoist and Qi concepts into the story's conclusion underscores the significance of referencing Dharmic cultural trends. This choice vividly illustrates the series' dualistic themes and visuals.

To conclude:

In the scope of my experience, it was an interesting and challenging journey. Nevertheless, it also brought me a great deal of enjoyment. I hope that its length did not render it overly dull. Overall, the series clearly demonstrates the consistent symbolism of its dual nature.

Duality encapsulates the idea that opposing forces or concepts shape our reality, such as life and death, good and evil, or yin and yang. These pairs highlight the interdependence of different aspects of existence, showing that one cannot exist without the other.

In philosophy, beyond duality lies the concept of non-duality. This idea transcends the boundaries of opposites. Non-duality proposes that while we perceive things as separate pairs, they are not truly distinct. At a deeper, ultimate level, all differences dissolve, leading to a sense of oneness. Concepts like the Tao, Nirvana, or Enlightenment exemplify this state, where opposites merge into an indivisible whole. Non-duality reveals that these polarities are merely different expressions of the same underlying reality, much like a circle, where each point along its circumference can serve as both a beginning and an end.

Through this understanding, individuals can achieve a richer, more holistic view of existence. They can recognize the underlying unity among all things. In the current context, Griffith’s design embodies the core of duality. Yet, it also gestures towards the concept of non-duality. Here, the boundaries between opposites begin to blur. This reflects a shared, underlying truth. His visual representation conveys this philosophical depth by illustrating how contrasts merge to form a cohesive, unified reality.

The Void- The World

 Eternity -Time 

Nirvana -Samsara 

Truth- Illusoriness 

Enlightenment- Compassion

 The God- The Goddess 

The Enemy -The Friend

 Death- Birth 

The Thunderbolt- The Bell 

The Jewel- The Lotus 

Subject- Object 

Yab- Yum

 Yang -Yin 

=Tao, Supreme Buddha, Bodhisattva, Jivan Mukta, The Word Made Flesh 

[radical-revolution]

Coming Home: And Understanding The Divine Reflection

When we turn inward to analyze the data that nature presents to the mind.

By penetrating below the senses,

We find not a world of solid, separate objects but a ceaseless process of change----

Matter coming together, dissolving, and coming together again in a different form.

Below this flux of things with “name and form,” however,

We find something changeless: an infinite, indivisible reality in which the transient data of the world cohere.

We may call this reality Brahman: the Godhead, the divine ground of existence.

This analysis of the phenomenal world tallies well enough with contemporary physics.

A physicist would remind us that the things we see “out there” are not ultimately separate from each other and from us;

we perceive them as separate because of the limitations of our senses.

If our eyes were sensitive to a much finer spectrum, we might see the world as a continuous field of matter and energy.

Nothing in this picture resembles a solid object in our usual sense of the word.

In examining our knowledge of ourselves, we make a similar discovery.

Instead of a single coherent personality, we find layer on layer of components---

Senses, emotions, will, intellect, ego---

Each in flux.

At different times and in different company,

the same person seems to have different personalities.

Moods shift and flicker, even in those of us who are emotionally stable;

Desires and opinions change with time.

Change is the nature of the mind.

When we observe this flow of thoughts and sensations,

We are drawn to the question“Then where am I?”

The parts do not add up to a whole; they just flow by.

Like physical phenomena, the mind is a field of forces,

No more the seat of intelligence than radiation or gravity is.

Just as the world dissolves into a sea of energy, the mind dissolves into a river of impressions and thoughts.

A flow of fragmentary data that do not hold together.

We learn about this not through logical conclusions but personal discoveries,

When we explore the mind,

testing each level of awareness by withdrawing consciousness to the level below.

In profound meditation, we find, that,

When consciousness is so acutely focused that it is utterly withdrawn from the body and mind,

It enters a kind of singularity in which the sense of a separate ego disappears.

In this state,

the supreme climax of meditation,

We discover a core of consciousness beyond time and change.

We can call it simply the Self.

But it is beyond any kind of description or label.

It is an "All revelatory" experience.

We acquire deeper knowledge through revelation and epiphanies.

We see the Divine presence in our everyday reality.

Singularity presents itself in all of it's diversity.

Being displays it's splendor and grandeur in infinite variety.

A deep sense of completion, peace and bliss is experienced.

We know that we have come home,

Finally.

We know that this world of phenomenon is a reflection of Divinity itself.

And we know that we were never separate,

We are One with it.

Be Blessed and Be Happy

[apoemformythoughts]

Happy last day of pride month! I just wanted to sum up what this month means to me as it comes to a close.

To understand what June means to me, I should probably first state my relationship with the LGBTQ community. I am someone who spent years struggling to find an identity that “fit”. Eventually, I realized I am happiest unlabeled. I like being able to explain the aspects of myself that I have analyzed to oblivion and feel too complex to be just one term. I do not care if people call me a straight man, an asexual woman, a nonbinary lesbian, or any combination of terms in the world. If you hear my description of my identity and pick a label for me, even if I do not agree with it I am still happy you heard me out and tried to understand me to the best of your ability.

You might think that I don’t belong in the LGBTQ community if I don’t identify with any queer labels but I present you with this: if I also don’t identify with any cisgender or heterosexual labels, where do I belong in this world? Nowhere? If gender and sexuality are both on spectrums, where do the people who acknowledge the existence of the spectrum within themselves belong? To me, the LGBTQ community is for people whose identities do not conform with being cisgender and/or heterosexual, and I can assure you that my identity is not that of a cishet woman in denial.

With all of that background out of the way, I feel slightly more comfortable speaking on what pride month means to me. Pride month, in the simplest terms possible, is a time to celebrate what makes your identity “unconventional”, specifically in relation to gender and sexuality. It’s a period where the LGBTQ community can unite under the idea of being proud of their queerness, whether it be being trans or gay or aromantic or bisexual or genderfluid or anything in between. I love pride month. I love seeing flags everywhere and videos of parades and just the joy and love radiating off of everyone’s faces. Pride month is a time to be unashamed of who you love. It really doesn’t matter whether the person you love is a romantic partner you’ve known for decades or a friend you met five minutes ago. Pride month is about sharing who you are with those who are important to you on a personal level, and with the world on a group level. It’s about being honest with the people you love, but also showing those who may be struggling with their identity or in places that may not be as accepting that they are not alone and that it’s okay to be “different”. It sounds reporterish and stereotypical to say that it’s powerful, but it is genuinely moving to see so many people unite under those two words- pride month- to celebrate what makes them different rather than what they have in common.

In conclusion, all I really wanted to say is pride month is a beautiful way to unite with people, whether it be parents, lovers, friends, neighbors, or even strangers on the internet. I hope that someday every LGBTQ person in the world will have at least one person to celebrate their identity with during pride month.

P.S. congratulations to Thailand for being the first Southeast Asian country to pass a bill to legalize same-sex marriage. I am sure this June will be a pride month the people of Thailand will never forget. Hopefully many more countries in Southeast Asia and around the world will follow suit soon.

[usafphantom2]

All variants of US F-35s to be armed with AGM-88G anti-radiation missiles to blind air defense radars

Monday, 22 January 2024 12:15

In a report by Johnny Franks for Warrior Maven, it has been revealed that the U.S. is in the process of integrating Northrop Grumman's AGM-88G Advanced Anti-Radiation Guided Missile into its F-35 aircraft. This integration project, supported by a Pentagon contract exceeding $97 million, signifies a significant advancement in air defense suppression capabilities for the F-35.

Follow Air Recognition on Google News at this link

Ezoic

All US F 35s to be armed with AGM 88G anti radiation missiles to blind air defense radarsAGM-88G anti-radiation missile in the internal weapon bay of an F-35 (Picture source: ATK orbitale / Northrop Grumman)

Ezoic

The AGM-88G, an advanced anti-radiation missile designed to target electronic emissions from surface-to-air radar systems, is set to become a standard component across all variants of the F-35. Originally developed by Texas Instruments to replace the AGM-45 Shrike and AGM-78 Standard ARM system, production responsibilities later shifted to Raytheon Corporation after it acquired Texas Instruments' defense production business.

EzoicThis missile system boasts the ability to autonomously detect, engage, and destroy radar antennas or transmitters with minimal input from aircrew. Equipped with a fixed antenna and seeker head in its nose, the missile utilizes a smokeless, solid-propellant, booster-sustainer rocket motor to achieve speeds exceeding Mach 2. The introduction of the HTS pod, exclusively used by the USAF, enables F-16s to detect and target radar systems automatically using HARMs, reducing reliance on the missile's sensors alone.

The AGM-88G offers a crucial advantage with its seamless integration into the F-35's internal weapon bays, preserving the aircraft's stealth capabilities. This integration goes beyond the U.S. military, encompassing foreign military sales to countries such as Australia, Canada, the UK, Norway, Italy, the Netherlands, and Denmark.

Johnny Franks, in his report, explains that the AGM-88G is equipped with an advanced electromagnetic spectrum analyzer. This technology enables the missile to meticulously scan and identify enemy air defense radars by analyzing their unique electromagnetic emissions. Employing intricate signal processing algorithms, the missile dynamically adjusts its flight path for precise targeting of the emissions source with exceptional accuracy. Furthermore, it boasts a high-speed data link, enabling real-time communication with external sensors and command centers for up-to-the-minute target information and adaptive trajectory changes. Once locked onto its target, the missile deploys its carefully engineered warhead, effectively disrupting enemy air defenses. This fusion of advanced sensors, real-time connectivity, and pinpoint accuracy underscores the AGM-88G’s pivotal role in enhancing the F-35's capabilities and maintaining U.S. military dominance in an ever-evolving global defense landscape.

@AirRecognition via X

[narcocastillo]

#Lore24 Weekly Post (8/52) - Mobile Support Units

BRIEF DATA

Mobile Support Units are a network of magichines dedicated towards repairing, assisting, and supporting other magichines in dangerous situations or emergencies. They semi-frequently operate in conjunction with the Almandine Order, in the form of a small detachment that is usually stationed on the Itinerant Fist.

The MSUs form a crucial backbone in the magichine society's infrastructure, embodying a commitment to the well-being and functionality of their kind. The MSU's main goal is to assist magichines accessing support--sometimes this means directly supplying care, sometimes getting those in need of care to places where they can receive it, sometimes just assisting others, sometimes a simple emergency repair.

The MSUs operate with a diverse skill set, ranging from emergency repairs to providing medical assistance and logistical support. Equipped with advanced diagnostic tools and nano-repair modules, they can address a spectrum of issues magichines might encounter in the field.

In addition to their reactive role, MSUs engage in proactive measures such as routine maintenance and preventive care programs. This forward-thinking approach aims to identify and address potential issues before they escalate, contributing to the overall sustainability and longevity of the magichine population. MSUs embody a sense of camaraderie and shared responsibility, reinforcing the idea that the strength of magichine society lies not just in individual capabilities but in the collective support and collaboration of its members.

OPERATIONS

Rescue and Recovery Operations: During emergencies such as natural disasters or hostile encounters, MSUs coordinate rescue and recovery efforts to locate and evacuate stranded or incapacitated magichines. They employ specialized search algorithms, deploy rescue drones, and coordinate with other units to ensure swift and efficient operations.

Data Analysis and Research: MSUs contribute to ongoing research efforts in arcane mechanics by collecting and analyzing data from field operations. They document anomalies, record performance metrics, and collaborate with research institutions to advance understanding and innovation in magichine technology.

Emergency Repairs: MSUs are equipped with versatile nano-repair modules capable of swiftly addressing mechanical failures and damage sustained by magichines in the field. Whether it's a malfunctioning limb or a critical system failure, the MSUs excel in on-the-spot repairs.

Medical Assistance: In situations where magichines require medical attention, MSUs provide immediate aid. They carry advanced medical modules capable of diagnosing and treating various health issues, from minor glitches in cognitive functions to more severe physical injuries.

Logistical Support: MSUs play a crucial role in ensuring the smooth logistical operations of the Sun Corps. They coordinate transportation, resource allocation, and communication to enhance the efficiency of magichine missions. This includes managing supply chains and optimizing routes for strategic deployments.

Preventive Maintenance: MSUs implement proactive maintenance protocols to prevent system failures and optimize operational efficiency. This includes conducting routine inspections, performing system checks, and applying software updates to ensure that magichines remain in peak condition.

Environmental Adaptation: MSUs are equipped with modules that allow magichines to adapt to diverse environmental conditions. Whether operating in extreme temperatures, low-gravity environments, or radiation-heavy zones, the MSUs ensure magichines are suitably equipped and protected.

Training and Skill Enhancement: Beyond immediate support, MSUs contribute to the ongoing development of magichines' skills. They organize training programs, share knowledge on latest advancements, and facilitate skill enhancement sessions to ensure magichines are well-prepared for evolving challenges.

Community Outreach: MSUs engage in community-building initiatives by fostering a sense of unity among magichines. They organize events, facilitate communication channels, and act as mediators to address concerns within the magichine society, promoting a cohesive and supportive community.

STRUCTURE

MSUs are organized into regional divisions, each responsible for a designated geographical area or sector of operations. These divisions are led by experienced magichines known as Regional Coordinators, who oversee all MSU activities within their jurisdiction.

MSUs employ cross-functional teams consisting of magichines with diverse skill sets and specializations. These teams may include engineers, medical specialists, logistics experts, and data analysts, enabling MSUs to tackle a wide range of challenges and tasks with precision and efficiency.

The three main ways regional MSU divisions organize their members are:

Rescue Team (1 - 20 operators)

Team Leader: Coordinates and leads small rescue teams during emergencies.

Emergency Medics: Provide immediate medical assistance in crisis situations.

Technical Specialists: Skilled operators for rapid technical solutions.

Communication Operator: Maintains communication between the rescue team and the central command.

Field Engineer: Conducts quick repairs and ensures the functionality of equipment.

Rapid Response Company (100 - 300 operators)

Company Commander: Leads the Rapid Response Company and oversees its operations.

Medical Support Unit: A specialized team with advanced medical capabilities.

Technical Assistance Squad: Rapidly deploys for technical repairs and solutions.

Logistics and Coordination Team: Manages resources, transportation, and communication.

Training Instructors: Conduct ongoing training for the larger unit.

Support Brigade (2500 - 4000 operators)

Brigade Commander: Leads the entire Support Brigade, responsible for major decisions.

Medical Division: Chief Medical Officer and specialized medical teams.

Engineering Corps: Chief Engineer and technicians for extensive technical support.

Logistical and Communication Wing: Coordinates resource allocation and communication strategies.

Training and Education Department: Develops and implements training programs.

Field Units: Small teams specialized in different tasks, deployed as needed.

[sakuraswordly]

@ExploreCosmos_: Rigel is the brightest star in the constellation of Orion and the seventh brightest star in the night sky. Its name originates from the Arabic word for "foot" or "leg," reflecting its position as the foot of Orion, the mighty hunter of Greek mythology. 2/ With a visual magnitude of about 0.13, Rigel shines fiercely, illuminating its surrounding cosmic neighborhood. Rigel belongs to the spectral class B8Ia, indicating that it is a massive, luminous star with a surface temperature of approximately 11,000 Kelvin. 3/It is estimated to be around 21 times the mass of the Sun and roughly 78 times its radius. Such immense proportions classify Rigel as a blue supergiant. Rigel's luminosity is staggering, with a brightness approximately 120,000 times that of the Sun. 4/Being a blue supergiant, Rigel burns through its nuclear fuel at a rapid pace. As a result, it has a relatively short lifespan compared to smaller, less luminous stars. Estimates suggest that Rigel is only a few million years old & is already nearing the end of its life cycle. 5/ Rigel does not exist in isolation; it is part of a larger stellar system that adds complexity and intrigue to its celestial narrative. Rigel has a companion star, Rigel B, which is often overlooked due to the brilliance of its primary counterpart. 6/Rigel B is itself a spectroscopic binary system, consisting of two stars orbiting around a common center of mass. These stars are likely smaller and less massive than Rigel A, contributing to the overall dynamics of the system. 7/ While no confirmed exoplanets have been discovered in the immediate vicinity of Rigel, astronomers continue to investigate the possibility of planetary companions around this massive star. The intense radiation and stellar winds emitted by Rigel pose challenges for the ... 8/ formation and stability of planetary systems. However, theoretical models suggest that distant gas giants or rocky worlds may orbit within the habitable zone of Rigel, albeit under extreme conditions. 9/Rigel's radiance also illuminates the surrounding interstellar medium, shaping intricate structures such as the Witch Head Nebula. This nebula, located approximately 900 light-years away, reflects the intense ultraviolet radiation emitted by Rigel, creating a ... 10/ stunning cosmic vista for observers on Earth. Rigel's prominence extends beyond its celestial beauty; it serves as a crucial object of study for astronomers seeking to unravel the mysteries of stellar evolution, nucleosynthesis, and the dynamics of stellar systems. 11/ As a blue supergiant approaching the later stages of its life, Rigel offers valuable insights into the fate of massive stars. Scientists observe its behavior to understand processes such as core fusion, mass loss, and eventual supernova explosions, ... 12/which enrich the cosmos with heavy elements essential for the formation of new stars & planetary systems. We employ a variety of observational techniques, including spectroscopy & photometry, to analyze Rigel's spectrum, luminosity variations & physical properties. These observations deepen our understanding of stellar atmospheres, interior structure, and evolutionary pathways, contributing to broader theories of stellar evolution and galactic dynamics. 14/ With advancements in astronomical instrumentation and space exploration technology, researchers anticipate further discoveries and insights into the Rigel system. Future missions may include detailed spectroscopic studies, direct imaging of potential exoplanets, ... 15/and enhanced simulations to model the complex interactions within this dynamic stellar environment. Rigel stands as a beacon of cosmic wonder, captivating observers with its brilliance and scientific significance.

[the-clock-tiks]

What is the difference between the light that is emitted from the sun and the bulb?

Photons from light and sun

—----

Fluorescent, incandescent, and electromagnetic radiation stand and hold as a property of light.

Photons are observed in all types of light.

Magnetization of a photon is also an experiment conducted to analyze the properties of photons and the nature of it.

The quanta of electromagnetic radiation is called as photons.

-As to know the photon emission, the scattering of light matters from the source it is emitted and the different sets of radiation in the form of light when passing through a set of atmospheric layers. 

For additional information ( That interaction is known as fusion, and it naturally occurs when the two atoms are heated and brought into compression so intensely that their nuclei merge and form a new element. This process eventually associates with the creation of a photon, also these particles of light that are released from the sun.)

We should know that those are visible and invisible light that matters too.

Rays from the sun are hit by different atmosphere and wavelength, so light from the sun appear in various forms over the earth for the eyes.

But what do the rays from the sun and rays from electricity have? 

Both the sun and the light bulb emit so-called "Blackbody radiation." This is the particular spectrum of light that's associated with the thermal. 

While the rays from the sun can harm our skin, but they cannot cause any harm from the bulb as it is cooler. 

Light and wavelength have a relationship and are considered to differ for different types of rays. 

Here is the wavelength formula for reference. ( where lambda equals velocity dividing frequency)

While Other than spectra, nothing is quite distinguishably different from it.

All though photons and electromagnetic radiation matter with a difference.

Electromagnetic radiation is not observed in bulbs and man-made light.

From a research point of view: The photons and the other particles from various forms of rays/light/radiation can be studied with the interpretation of theories and experiments associated with it. 

[mohammadgholami]

What is ultraviolet? History and applications of UV

In this video I'm talking about everything you need to know about UV. Don't forget to subscribe me.

The use of ultraviolet (UV) radiation dates back to the late 19th century when it was discovered by Johann Wilhelm Ritter in 1801. Ritter observed that silver chloride turned black when exposed to sunlight, and he hypothesized that there must be a type of invisible radiation beyond the visible spectrum that was causing this effect. This led to the discovery of UV radiation, which is a type of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than that of visible light.

In the early 20th century, scientists began to explore the potential uses of UV radiation. One of the first applications was in medicine, where UV radiation was used to treat skin diseases such as psoriasis and eczema. This treatment involved exposing patients to UV light for short periods of time, which helped to reduce inflammation and promote healing.

During World War I, UV radiation was used as a disinfectant in hospitals and on battlefields. It was found that exposure to UV light could kill bacteria and other microorganisms, making it an effective tool for preventing infections.

In the 1920s and 1930s, UV lamps were developed for use in tanning salons. These lamps emitted high levels of UV radiation, which caused the skin to darken and produce melanin. However, it was later discovered that prolonged exposure to these lamps could cause skin damage and increase the risk of skin cancer.

In the 1940s and 1950s, UV lamps were used in commercial applications such as printing and photography. The high-energy UV light could be used to cure inks and coatings quickly, making production more efficient.

In recent years, there has been growing interest in using UV radiation for water purification. The high-energy light can kill bacteria and viruses in water without using chemicals or other additives. This technology is now widely used in municipal water treatment plants around the world.

UV radiation is also used in forensic science to detect blood and other bodily fluids at crime scenes. The UV light causes these fluids to fluoresce, making them easier to detect and analyze.

Overall, the history of UV radiation is one of discovery and innovation. From its early use in medicine and disinfection to its modern applications in water purification and forensic science, UV radiation has proven to be a versatile and valuable tool for a wide range of industries.

Thank you for watching this video. don't forget to subscribe me.

#Youtube #ultraviolet

[andromeda1023]

NASA Missions Study What May Be a 1-In-10,000-Year Gamma-ray Burst

Top picture: XMM-Newton images recorded 20 dust rings, 19 of which are shown here in arbitrary colors. This composite merges observations made two and five days after GRB 221009A erupted. Dark stripes indicate gaps between the detectors. A detailed analysis shows that the widest ring visible here, comparable to the apparent size of a full moon, came from dust clouds located about 1,300 light-years away. The innermost ring arose from dust at a distance of 61,000 light-years – on the other side of our galaxy. GRB221009A is only the seventh gamma-ray burst to display X-ray rings, and it triples the number previously seen around one. Credit: ESA/XMM-Newton/M. Rigoselli (INAF)

Bottom Pic: This illustration shows the ingredients of a long gamma-ray burst, the most common type. The core of a massive star (left) has collapsed, forming a black hole that sends a jet of particles moving through the collapsing star and out into space at nearly the speed of light. Radiation across the spectrum arises from hot ionized gas (plasma) in the vicinity of the newborn black hole, collisions among shells of fast-moving gas within the jet (internal shock waves), and from the leading edge of the jet as it sweeps up and interacts with its surroundings (external shock). Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

On Sunday, Oct. 9, 2022, a pulse of intense radiation swept through the solar system so exceptional that astronomers quickly dubbed it the BOAT – the brightest of all time. The source was a gamma-ray burst (GRB), the most powerful class of explosions in the universe.

The burst triggered detectors on numerous spacecraft, and observatories around the globe followed up. After combing through all of this data, astronomers can now characterize just how bright it was and better understand its scientific impact.

“GRB 221009A was likely the brightest burst at X-ray and gamma-ray energies to occur since human civilization began,” said Eric Burns, an assistant professor of physics and astronomy at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge. He led an analysis of some 7,000 GRBs – mostly detected by NASA’s Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and the Russian Konus instrument on NASA’s Wind spacecraft – to establish how frequently events this bright may occur. Their answer: once in every 10,000 years.

The burst was so bright it effectively blinded most gamma-ray instruments in space, which means they could not directly record the real intensity of the emission. U.S. scientists were able to reconstruct this information from the Fermi data. They then compared the results with those from the Russian team working on Konus data and Chinese teams analyzing observations from the GECAM-C detector on their SATech-01 satellite and instruments on their Insight-HXMT observatory. Together, they prove the burst was 70 times brighter than any yet seen.

Further reading, video: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2023/nasa-missions-study-what-may-be-a-1-in-10000-year-gamma-ray-burst

[tonylean]

The Vega star system is one of the most studied in astronomy due to its proximity, brightness, and unique characteristics that challenge our understanding of planet formation and stellar evolution. Located just 25 light-years away from Earth in the constellation Lyra, Vega is a blue-white star and the fifth-brightest star visible in our night sky. Here's a breakdown of the most intriguing features of the Vega system:

1. Dust Disk Discovery

Infrared Excess: In the 1980s, the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) discovered an excess of infrared radiation from Vega, indicating a dust disk around the star. This disk emits infrared radiation as dust particles are heated by Vega's light, suggesting an early model of a protoplanetary or debris disk.

Smooth Disk: Unlike other systems like Fomalhaut, Vega’s disk is remarkably smooth, lacking the gaps and rings typically associated with planets disturbing the dust. This smoothness implies that Vega may lack substantial planetary influences or that planets there may be few and more challenging to detect.

2. Potential "Hot Neptune"

Astronomers have hypothesized that Vega might host a hot Neptune—a large planet orbiting close to the star, with a mass similar to that of Uranus or Neptune. If present, this planet could slightly perturb the disk, though not enough to create the pronounced structures seen in other systems.

3. Asteroid Belt Analogy

Observations suggest that Vega may contain a large asteroid belt similar to our Solar System's, with a spread-out disk of rocky material. This possible asteroid belt might add to the dust observed around Vega and could provide insights into the early formation phases of planetary systems.

4. Historical and Cultural Significance

Former Pole Star: Around 14,000 years ago, Earth's axis pointed toward Vega, making it the northern pole star until approximately 12,000 BC. The star held great significance for ancient civilizations due to its prominence.

Name and Mythology: The name "Vega," originally spelled "Wega," comes from the Arabic "Al Nasr al Waki," meaning "Swooping Eagle." Vega is a cornerstone of the Summer Triangle, a prominent asterism for northern hemisphere skywatchers, along with Altair and Deneb.

5. Milestones in Astronomy

First Stellar Spectrum: Vega was the first star to have its spectrum recorded in 1850, helping astronomers study stellar composition and temperature.

Early Photographic Milestone: It was also the second star, after the Sun, to be photographed, marking a major step in astronomical imaging.

6. Variable Star Characteristics

Vega is classified as a Delta Scuti variable, with slight pulsations that cause small changes in its brightness over time. Although minimal, these fluctuations provide valuable data for stellar research and challenge Vega's historic role as a "constant" in brightness.

7. Future Research and Exploration

With its dust disk and potential hot Neptune, Vega remains a prime target for studying alternative pathways in planetary system evolution. Optical spectroscopy allows astronomers to analyze parameters such as star formation rates and chemical composition, shedding light on the processes within Vega's disk and its potential for planet formation.

8.  Vega's characteristics—its smooth disk, possible planetary companions, and cultural prominence—continue to intrigue astronomers. Future missions and telescopes may reveal more about this iconic star system, potentially uncovering planets or additional features that reshape our understanding of how stars and planetary systems evolve.

[mysticstronomy]

IS QUASAR A BLACK HOLE??

Blog#289

Wednesday, April 19th, 2023

Welcome back,

A quasar is a supermassive black hole feeding on gas at the center of a distant galaxy.

Quasar is short for quasi-stellar radio source, because astronomers first discovered quasars in 1963 as objects that looked like stars but emitted radio waves.

Now, the term is a catch-all for all feeding, and therefore luminous supermassive black holes, also often called active galactic nuclei.

It’s a bit of a contradiction to call a black hole luminous; black holes themselves are, of course, black. In fact, almost every large galaxy hosts a black hole with the mass of millions to billions of Suns, and many of these black holes lurk in the dark. Our Milky Way’s behemoth weighs in at 4.3 million solar masses, but its starvation diet mutes all but faint flashes and flickers.

We know it’s there, though, from the orbits of stars around it. Other dormant black holes occasionally shred an infalling star, making their presence known by the flare of radiation that ensues.

But quasars are a different breed of black hole. They reside in galaxies with plentiful gas supplies, perhaps supplied by a recent galaxy-galaxy collision, and they gorge on the inflowing material.

The gas spirals around as it falls in, heating up in the process and emitting radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum.

Supermassive black holes in nearby galaxies typically do not have that much gas available to them, so quasars are typically found in distant galaxies. The nearest quasar is Markarian 231, which lies about 600 million light-years from Earth.

A quasar is not only the feeding black hole itself, but the light-producing structures that surround it. Visible and ultraviolet light come from the glowing disk of infalling material, while even hotter gas above the disk shines at X-ray energies. Jets shooting out along the black hole’s poles emit everything from radio waves to X-rays. Farther out from the black hole, the prolific dust and gas glow at infrared wavelengths.

The size of a quasar accretion disk, which scales with the mass of its black hole, is typically a few light-days across. That dwarfs in comparison to its host galaxy; the Milky Way for comparison is roughly 100,000 light-years across. Yet quasars often outshine their hosts.

Despite their brilliance, quasars are so small and distant that even the most powerful telescope cannot resolve all the structures within a quasar.

Astronomers have to ferret out the details using other techniques, such as analyzing spectroscopy (spreading out the light by wavelength) or light curves (spreading out the light by its arrival time).

While the details are still up for debate, we can use current knowledge to paint a general picture of a quasar. Just remember that this picture might change over time as we learn more!

Originally published on skyandtelescope.org

COMING UP!!

(Saturday, April 22nd, 2023)

"HOW LONG DO BLACK HOLES LAST??"

[ethancral]

Common Applications for RF Connectors in Industry

RF connectors are a crucial component in various industrial applications, providing a reliable and efficient means of transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals. From telecommunications to medical devices, RF connectors play a vital role in ensuring the proper functioning of equipment and systems. In this article, we will explore some of the most common applications for RF connectors in industry, highlighting their importance and versatility.

Telecommunications and Wireless Communication

RF connectors are widely used in the rf connector manufacturer industry, particularly in wireless communication systems. They are used to connect antennas, transmitters, and receivers, enabling the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals. RF connectors are also used in cellular networks, satellite communications, and microwave links, providing a reliable and efficient means of transmitting data and voice signals.

Medical Devices and Equipment

RF connectors are used in various medical devices and equipment, including MRI machines, ultrasound machines, and radiation therapy equipment. They are used to connect sensors, antennas, and other devices, enabling the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals. RF connectors are also used in medical implants, such as pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), providing a reliable and efficient means of transmitting data and control signals.

Aerospace and Defense

RF connectors are used in various aerospace and defense applications, including satellite communications, radar systems, and electronic warfare systems. They are used to connect antennas, transmitters, and receivers, enabling the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals. RF connectors are also used in military communications systems, providing a reliable and efficient means of transmitting data and voice signals.

Industrial Automation and Control

RF connectors are used in various industrial automation and control applications, including robotics, machine control, and process control. They are used to connect sensors, actuators, and other devices, enabling the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals. RF connectors are also used in industrial networking systems, providing a reliable and efficient means of transmitting data and control signals.

Test and Measurement Equipment

RF connectors are used in various test and measurement equipment, including oscilloscopes, signal generators, and spectrum analyzers. They are used to connect devices under test (DUTs), enabling the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals. RF connectors are also used in calibration and verification systems, providing a reliable and efficient means of transmitting data and control signals.

Consumer Electronics

RF connectors are used in various consumer electronics, including smartphones, laptops, and tablets. They are used to connect antennas, transmitters, and receivers, enabling the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals. RF connectors are also used in wireless local area networks (WLANs), providing a reliable and efficient means of transmitting data and voice signals.

Automotive Systems

RF connectors are used in various automotive systems, including infotainment systems, navigation systems, and safety systems. They are used to connect antennas, transmitters, and receivers, enabling the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals. RF connectors are also used in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication systems, providing a reliable and efficient means of transmitting data and control signals.

Conclusion

In conclusion, RF connectors are a crucial component in various industrial applications, providing a reliable and efficient means of transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals. From telecommunications to medical devices, RF connectors play a vital role in ensuring the proper functioning of equipment and systems. By understanding the common applications for RF connectors in industry, manufacturers and designers can optimize their designs and ensure reliable and efficient operation. Whether you're designing a wireless communication system or a medical device, RF connectors are an essential component that should not be overlooked.

[annefrea]

Personalized medicine, also known as precision medicine, is an innovative approach to healthcare that tailors medical treatment to each patient’s individual characteristics. Unlike the traditional one-size-fits-all approach, personalized medicine takes into account factors such as a person’s genetic makeup, environment, and lifestyle to determine the most effective treatment for their unique condition. This approach is transforming the way diseases are diagnosed, treated, and prevented, leading to more effective and targeted therapies.

One of the key drivers of personalized medicine is the advancement in genetic research and technology. The completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003 marked a significant milestone, providing scientists with the ability to understand the genetic basis of diseases. Today, genetic testing allows healthcare providers to identify specific mutations or genetic markers that may predispose an individual to certain conditions, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes. By understanding a patient’s genetic profile, doctors can develop personalized treatment plans that are more likely to be effective and less likely to cause adverse side effects.

Cancer treatment is one area where personalized medicine has made significant strides. Traditionally, cancer treatment has relied on a standardized approach, with patients receiving the same chemotherapy or radiation treatments regardless of their individual differences. However, with personalized medicine, oncologists can now analyze the genetic mutations within a patient’s tumor and select targeted therapies that specifically address those mutations. This not only improves the chances of successful treatment but also minimizes damage to healthy cells, reducing the risk of side effects.

Another important aspect of personalized medicine is pharmacogenomics, the study of how a person’s genetic makeup affects their response to drugs. This field has led to the development of personalized drug therapies, where medications are chosen based on a patient’s genetic profile. For example, some patients may metabolize certain drugs more quickly or slowly than others, affecting the drug’s efficacy or risk of side effects. By considering these genetic differences, doctors can prescribe the right drug at the right dose for each patient, improving treatment outcomes and reducing the likelihood of adverse reactions.

In addition to genetic factors, personalized medicine also considers environmental and lifestyle factors that can influence a person’s health. For example, two patients with the same genetic predisposition to heart disease may have different outcomes based on their diet, exercise habits, and exposure to environmental toxins. Personalized medicine takes these factors into account, allowing healthcare providers to develop comprehensive treatment plans that address the full spectrum of influences on a patient’s health.

Despite the promising advancements in personalized medicine, there are challenges to its widespread implementation. The cost of genetic testing and targeted therapies can be high, and not all patients have access to these cutting-edge treatments. Additionally, there are ethical considerations related to genetic privacy and the potential for discrimination based on genetic information. However, as technology advances and the cost of genetic testing decreases, personalized medicine is likely to become more accessible and play a greater role in healthcare.

In conclusion, personalized medicine represents a significant shift in how we approach healthcare, moving away from a one-size-fits-all model to a more individualized and targeted approach. By considering a patient’s genetic makeup, environment, and lifestyle, personalized medicine offers the potential for more effective treatments, fewer side effects, and better overall health outcomes. As research and technology continue to advance, personalized medicine is poised to become a cornerstone of modern healthcare, offering new hope to patients and transforming the way we treat and prevent diseases.

[spacetimewithstuartgary]

New study raises questions about validity of standard model of solar flares

Computer simulations based on the standard model did not account for observational data obtained via telescope, showing that other factors must be taken into consideration when analyzing the process.

Solar flares are extremely intense events that occur in the Sun’s atmosphere, lasting anywhere from a few minutes to several hours. According to the standard flare model, the energy that triggers these explosions is transported by accelerated electrons that hurtle from the magnetic reconnection region in the corona to the chromosphere. As the electrons collide with the chromospheric plasma, they deposit their energy in the plasma, which is heated and ionized as a result. They also cause intense radiation in several bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. The regions in which energy is deposited are termed solar flare “footpoints”, which normally appear in magnetically connected pairs.

A recent study set out to test the validity of the standard model by comparing results of computer simulations based on the model with observational data provided by the McMath-Pierce telescope during the solar flare SOL2014-09-24T17:50. The study focused on measuring time lags between infrared emissions from two paired chromospheric sources in the flare. An article on the study is published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

“We found a significant difference between the observational data from the telescope and the behavior predicted by the model. In the observational data, the paired footpoints appeared as two very bright regions of the chromosphere. Because the incident electrons exited the same region of the corona and followed similar trajectories, the two spots should have brightened almost simultaneously in the chromosphere according to the model, but the observational data showed a delay of 0.75 seconds between them,” said Paulo José de Aguiar Simões, first author of the article and a professor affiliated with the Radio Astronomy and Astrophysics Center (CRAAM) at Mackenzie Presbyterian University’s Engineering School (EE-UPM) in São Paulo, Brazil.

A lag of 0.75 sec may seem irrelevant, but the researchers calculated that the maximum delay according to the model should be 0.42 sec considering all possible geometric configurations. The actual number was almost 80% higher. “We used a sophisticated statistical technique to infer the time lags between footpoint pairs, and estimated uncertainties for these values by the Monte Carlo method. Furthermore, the results were tested by electron transport simulations and radiative-hydrodynamic simulations. By deploying all these resources, we were able to construct different scenarios for the electrons’ time of flight between the corona and the chromosphere and the infrared radiation production time. All scenarios based on the simulations displayed far smaller time lags than the observational data,” Simões said.

One of the scenarios tested was for spiraling and magnetic trapping of electrons in the corona. “Using electron transport simulations, we explored scenarios that involved magnetic asymmetry between flare footpoints. We expected the electron chromosphere penetration time lag to be proportional to the difference in magnetic field intensity between footpoints, which would also increase the difference in the number of electrons reaching the chromosphere owing to the magnetic trapping effect. However, our analysis of X-ray observational data showed footpoint intensities to be very similar, pointing to similar amounts of electrons deposited in these regions and ruling this out as the cause of the observed emission time lags,” he said.

The radiative-hydrodynamic simulations also showed that ionization and recombination timescales in the chromosphere were too short to explain the lags. “We simulated the infrared emission timescale. We calculated electron transport to the chromosphere, electron energy deposition, and its effects on the plasma: heating; expansion; ionization and recombination of hydrogen and helium atoms; and radiation produced at the site, which has the effect of releasing excess energy. Infrared radiation is produced as a result of the increase in electron density in the chromosphere due to ionization of hydrogen, which is originally in a neutral state in the plasma. The simulations showed that ionization and infrared emissions occur almost instantly owing to penetration by the accelerated electrons, and therefore can’t explain the lag of 0.75 sec between footpoint emissions,” Simões said.

In sum, none of the processes simulated in accordance with the model proved capable of explaining the observational data. The conclusion drawn by the researchers was obvious to some extent: the standard model of solar flares needs to be reformulated, as required by the scientific method. 

“The time lag observed between chromospheric sources challenges the standard model of energy transport by electron beam. The longer delay suggests other energy transport mechanisms may be involved. Mechanisms such as magnetosonic waves or conductive transport, among others, may be necessary to account for the observed delay. These additional mechanisms should be taken into consideration to achieve a full understanding of solar flares,” Simões said.