#Preventing high uric acid in diabetics

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Understanding the Link Between Diabetes and High Uric Acid Levels

This article is originally published on Freedom from Diabetes website, available here. Are you suffering from the uric acide problem and also you have diabetes. Is there any connection between both. Lets understand the all details here. How uric acid levels relates to diabetes? If you have diabetes, you may be at risk for developing high uric acid levels. Uric acid is a waste product that is produced when the body breaks down purines. Purines are found in many foods, including meat, poultry, and fish. When uric acid levels become too high, it can lead to gout or kidney stones.

Doctor always check uric acide level, if people with the diabetes. So To control it, you should follow proper diet, medication, avoid Purines base food etc. To prevent high levels of uric acid in diabetics, first lets understand their causes.

First, high blood sugar levels can cause the body to produce more insulin, which in turn can lead to increased uric acid production.

Diabetes can cause damage to the kidneys, which may lead to reduced uric acid excretion and increased uric acid levels in the blood.

Avoid Alcohol. So lets understand their symptoms.

Diabetes and high level Uric Acid symptoms

Joint pain

Swelling in the hands or feet

Numbness or tingling in the extremities

Kidney stones

Gout (a type of arthritis that causes sudden, severe attacks of pain)

How to Treat Elevated Uric Acid in Diabetes?

There are a few different treatment for diabetic patients with high uric acid levels.

Firts is focus on lowering the level of sugar in the blood.

This can be done through proper diet, exercise, and medication. Patients should focus on eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and managing their diabetes with medication. These include allopurinol and febuxostat.

The third option is to have surgery to remove the excess uric acid from the body.

Impact of High Uric Acid Level on Kidneys

High uric acid levels put pressure on the kidneys and cause them to work harder to filter out the excess uric acid. This can lead to kidney damage and/or failure.

The link between diabetes and uric acid is an important one to understand, as it can signify potential health concerns. Fortunately, with the right knowledge of diabetes and regular monitoring of conditions such as uric acid levels, actions can be taken to prevent or manage health problems related to these factors.

So monitor and treat diabetes and uric acid for better health. Choose Healthy life, Happiness will come to you!

To read more please visit our Article. Also please connect with me on my website, Facebook page, and YouTube if you want to stay in touch or give me any feedback!

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5 tips for Uric Acid

What is Uric Acid?

Uric acid is a naturally occurring waste product found in the body, produced during the breakdown of purines, which are found in certain foods and drinks.

What happens when Uric Acid increases?

When uric acid levels become too high, it can lead to a range of health issues, including:

Gout: a painful form of arthritis

Kidney stones

Kidney damage

Joint pain and inflammation

Causes of increased Uric Acid levels:

Genetics

Diet high in purines (red meat, seafood, alcohol)

Obesity

Certain medical conditions (diabetes, high blood pressure)

Medications (diuretics, certain antibiotics)

Symptoms:

Joint pain and swelling

Redness and warmth around joints

Frequent urination

Nausea and vomiting

Treatment and Prevention:

Dietary changes (reduce purine intake)

Medications to reduce uric acid levels

Increased fluid intake

Maintaining a healthy weight

Note: If you suspect you have high uric acid levels, consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.

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Kidney Stones Treatment in Chennai

Dealing with kidney stones can be a painful and challenging experience, but finding effective treatment is crucial for relief and recovery. Kidney stones treatment in Chennai provides a variety of advanced solutions to address this common medical condition. With state-of-the-art facilities and expert care, Chennai has become a leading destination for nephrology treatments. Whether you’re experiencing severe pain or seeking preventive measures, the best kidney stones treatment in Chennai ensures comprehensive care tailored to your unique needs.

What is a Kidney Stone?

A kidney stone is a hard, crystalline mineral deposit that forms in the kidneys when substances in urine—such as calcium, oxalate, or uric acid—become highly concentrated and crystallize. These stones vary in size, from tiny grains to larger, more obstructive formations. When kidney stones obstruct the urinary tract, they can cause severe pain and discomfort. Treatments for kidney stones range from medications and lifestyle adjustments to surgical procedures, depending on the size and type of the stone.

Causes of Kidney Stones

Kidney stones can develop due to several factors:

Dehydration: Insufficient fluid intake leads to concentrated urine, increasing the likelihood of stone formation.

Diet: Consuming foods rich in calcium, oxalates, or uric acid can contribute to the development of kidney stones.

Medical Conditions: Certain conditions, such as gout, diabetes, or hyperparathyroidism, increase the risk of kidney stones.

Understanding and addressing these causes can help reduce the risk of stone formation and guide individuals toward effective kidney stones treatment in Chennai.

Signs and Symptoms

Recognizing the symptoms of kidney stones early is essential for timely intervention. Common signs include:

Severe Pain: Typically felt in the back, side, or lower abdomen, especially when the stone moves.

Frequent Urination: A sudden, urgent need to urinate often.

Blood in Urine: Urine may appear pink, red, or brown due to bleeding caused by the stone's movement.

Nausea and Vomiting: Often triggered by intense pain.

If you experience these symptoms, it’s important to consult a specialist for effective kidney stones treatment in Chennai.

Types of Kidney Stones

There are various types of kidney stones, each requiring specific treatments:

Calcium Stones: The most common type, formed from calcium and oxalate.

Struvite Stones: Often caused by urinary tract infections and can grow quickly.

Uric Acid Stones: Develop in acidic urine, commonly linked to high-protein diets.

Cystine Stones: A rare type caused by a genetic disorder that results in excessive cystine excretion.

Identifying the type of kidney stone is essential for determining the most effective treatment plan.

Risk Factors

Certain risk factors increase the likelihood of developing kidney stones:

Family History: A family history of kidney stones raises your risk.

Certain Medications: Drugs like diuretics or calcium-based antacids can promote stone formation.

Obesity: Excess body weight can alter the chemical balance in urine, increasing the risk of stones.

Chronic Dehydration: Regularly consuming insufficient fluids is a significant risk factor.

Managing these risks through lifestyle changes and medical guidance can help prevent kidney stones.

Diagnosis of Kidney Stones

Accurate diagnosis is key to determining the right treatment. Common diagnostic methods include:

Imaging Tests: CT scans, ultrasounds, or X-rays are used to locate and measure kidney stones.

Urinalysis: Examines urine for crystals, blood, or infections.

Blood Tests: Helps identify elevated levels of stone-causing substances.

These diagnostic tools allow specialists to tailor effective kidney stones treatment in Chennai for each patient.

Common Conditions Requiring Kidney Stone Removal

Certain conditions necessitate the removal of kidney stones:

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Stones blocking urine flow can lead to recurring infections.

Renal Colic: Severe pain caused by the movement of a stone requires immediate attention.

Hematuria: Blood in the urine often resolves after the removal of kidney stones.

Hydronephrosis: Swelling due to blocked urine flow requires timely intervention to prevent kidney damage.

Recurrent Stones: Patients with repeated stone formation may require comprehensive treatment and prevention strategies.

Prompt treatment prevents complications and ensures successful kidney stone removal in Chennai.

Kidney Stones Treatment in Chennai

Chennai is renowned for its advanced kidney stone treatments, offering a range of modern and effective solutions:

Medications: Prescribed pain relievers and dissolving agents help manage smaller stones.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL): A non-invasive procedure that uses shock waves to break stones into smaller fragments for easier passage.

Ureteroscopy: A minimally invasive method where a thin tube is inserted into the urinary tract to remove or break stones using lasers.

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A surgical procedure for removing larger or resistant stones using a small incision in the back.

Chennai’s medical facilities are equipped with state-of-the-art technology and experienced professionals, ensuring personalized care for every patient.

Prevention of Kidney Stones

Preventive measures are crucial for reducing the likelihood of kidney stone recurrence:

Stay Hydrated: Drink 8–10 glasses of water daily to dilute urine and prevent crystal formation.

Healthy Diet: Limit intake of salt, sugar, and high-protein foods that can contribute to stone formation.

Regular Exercise: Maintain a healthy weight to reduce obesity-related risks.

Incorporating these lifestyle changes complements effective kidney stones treatment in Chennai.

Kidney Stone Laser Treatment and Cost

Laser treatment is a popular, modern solution for kidney stones:

Advantages:

Minimally invasive.

Short recovery time.

Highly precise and effective.

Cost: The cost of kidney stone laser treatment in Chennai varies based on factors such as stone size and hospital facilities. Despite the variation, laser treatment remains an efficient and safe option for kidney stone removal.

Conclusion

Dealing with kidney stones can be physically and emotionally challenging, but effective treatments are readily available. Advanced kidney stones treatment in Chennai, including cutting-edge laser technology, offers patients long-lasting relief and solutions. With experienced specialists, state-of-the-art facilities, and personalized care plans, Chennai ensures top-quality treatment for every individual. Take the first step toward better health by consulting a specialist today and benefit from the best kidney stones treatment in Chennai. For more details visit https://rayandrio.in/best-andrologist-in-neelankarai/

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Treatment for Wrist Pain in Hyderabad

Wrist pain and injuries are common issues that affect people of all ages and activity levels. Whether caused by repetitive strain, trauma, or underlying medical conditions, wrist problems can significantly impact daily life and mobility. Proper treatment is essential to reduce pain, prevent further injury, and restore function.

If you're seeking treatment for wrist pain in Hyderabad, healthcare providers in the city use advanced diagnostic techniques to thoroughly evaluate your wrist pain and create a customized treatment plan. Depending on the severity of your condition, treatment options may range from physical therapy and medication to wrist braces

Wrist pain can be classified as any discomfort felt in the wrist. It can be caused by a variety of issues, including

acute injury

arthritis

gout

carpal tunnel syndrome

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Cause: Compression of the median nerve within the wrist, often due to repetitive movements or pressure on the wrist.

Symptoms: Numbness, tingling, or pain in the thumb, index, and middle fingers.

Treatment:

Rest: Avoid activities that aggravate the symptoms.

Wrist Splints: Wearing a wrist splint at night helps keep the wrist in a neutral position and reduces pressure on the nerve.

Ergonomic Adjustments: Modify the workplace setup, such as adjusting the height of a chair or keyboard to prevent excessive wrist flexion.

Steroid Injections: In some cases, corticosteroid injections can reduce inflammation around the nerve.

Arthritis (Osteoarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis)

Cause: Osteoarthritis occurs due to wear and tear of cartilage, while rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks the joints.

Symptoms: Pain, stiffness, and swelling, especially after periods of inactivity.

Treatment:

Rest and Joint Protection: Avoid overloading the wrist joint and use assistive devices to reduce strain.

NSAIDs: These medications can help reduce pain and inflammation.

Wrist Splints: Wearing a splint can provide support and limit movement to reduce pain.

Physical Therapy: Exercises that increase strength and range of motion can help reduce stiffness and improve function.

Corticosteroid Injections: Inflammation can be reduced through steroid injections.

Gout

Gout is a type of inflammatory arthritis that is that caused by a buildup of uric acid. Uric acid is a chemical produced when your body breaks down foods that contain organic compounds called purines.

Most uric acid is dissolved in the blood and removed from the body through urination. However, in some cases, the body produces too much uric acid, and in other cases, the body does not excrete uric acid sufficiently.

This excess uric acid can be deposited in the joints, resulting in pain and swelling. Gout pain frequently occurs in the knees, ankles, wrists, and feet.

Common risk factors for gout 

overconsuming alcohol

overconsuming foods and drinks high in fructose

eating a diet high in purine-rich foods, like red meat and certain types of seafood

living with obesity

certain medications, such as diuretics

other conditions, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and kidney disease

Symptoms of wrist pain

Depending on what’s causing your wrist pain, it may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

swollen fingers

difficulty making a fist or gripping objects

numbness or tingling sensation in the hands

pain, numbness, or tingling that gets worse at night

sudden, sharp pain in the hand

swelling or redness around the wrist

warmth in a wrist joint

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Kidney Function Test (KFT) Price in Delhi

The kidneys play understanding organs in the body. Their most crucial function is to ensure that you remain healthy by filtering waste products, balancing fluids, and regulating some of the significant minerals, for example, calcium and potassium. A Kidney Function Test (KFT) essentially is a blood test, which throws light on the actions of the kidneys, detects possible kidney-related problems, and monitors existing kidney disorders. Affordable pricing coupled with easy accessibility to KFT tests in Delhi makes it possible for individuals to keep an eye on their kidney health and, in effect, use the test to best possible ensure that the kidneys are functioning optimally.

What is the Kidney Function Test (KFT)?

KFT is also known as a Kidney Function Test. It is the diagnostic measure to know the condition and efficient functioning of your kidneys. It would determine how well your kidneys filter out the impurities and extra fluid from the blood. Important parameters like creatinine, urea, uric acid, and electrolyte levels are the indicated parameters for the kidney function. 

It calculates the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), which estimates how much your kidneys eliminate waste from your blood. Diminished GFR may indicate kidney dysfunction and this may also suggest the possibility of suffering from a kidney disease.

Key Parameters of the Kidney Function Test

Creatinine: Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscles during normal metabolism. The kidneys filter it out of the blood, so elevated levels of creatinine in the blood can signal impaired kidney function.

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): BUN is another waste product filtered by the kidneys. High levels of BUN may indicate kidney problems or dehydration.

Uric Acid: Uric acid is produced when the body breaks down purines from food. Elevated levels can lead to gout or kidney stones.

Electrolytes: The kidneys regulate the levels of electrolytes, such as potassium and sodium, in the body. Imbalances can indicate kidney dysfunction.

Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR): GFR measures how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood. A lower GFR can be an early sign of kidney disease.

Why is the KFT Test Important?

The Kidney Function Test is necessary for every individual who is worried about his or her kidney health and also for people who will be at risk for kidney diseases. Kidney problems are also an outcome of many factors that predispose to it, such as:

High blood pressure: High blood pressure is one of the factors that can damage the kidneys over time. So, one should have regular tests to check the status of the kidney's function.

Diabetes: People with diabetes are often exposed to the high blood sugar effects on the kidneys and ultimately become victims of kidney disease.

Family history of kidney disease: The more the affected family member, the more one is likely to suffer from kidney problems.

Increasing age: Causes a person to undergo a natural decline in kidney function, so older people will require more frequent kidney health monitoring.

A KFT test is essential for identifying kidney problems in their early stages, which could help in preventing complications that result from mismanagement of conditions present in individuals. It can also allow doctors to follow up on patients affected by kidney disease and monitor the success level of any medication administered.

KFT Test Price in Delhi: Affordable and Accessible Health Checkup

The KFT test price in Delhi varies depending on the type of test, the laboratory, and the additional services included. At Qris Health, for example, the Kidney Function Test is available starting from ₹649, making it an affordable option for individuals looking to monitor their kidney health without straining their budget. Qris Health also offers home sample collection in Delhi, allowing you to get tested at your convenience without having to visit a lab or wait in long lines.

What Does the KFT Test Include?

A Kidney Function Test typically includes the following parameters:

Creatinine: To assess the kidney's ability to filter waste.

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): To evaluate how well the kidneys are eliminating waste.

Uric Acid: To check for conditions like gout or kidney stones.

Electrolytes: To assess the balance of potassium, sodium, and other vital minerals.

Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR): To measure how efficiently the kidneys are filtering waste.

Some advanced tests may also include a calcium and phosphate test to further evaluate kidney function, particularly if there are concerns about bone health or metabolic abnormalities.

When Should You Take a Kidney Function Test?

It is recommended to take a Kidney Function Test (KFT) regularly if you fall into any of the following categories:

Chronic conditions: Individuals with diabetes, high blood pressure, or other chronic conditions should regularly monitor their kidney function.

Family history of kidney disease: If you have a family history of kidney disease, it’s crucial to check your kidney function as a preventive measure.

Older age: Kidney function tends to decline with age, so seniors should consider regular testing.

Symptoms of kidney problems: If you experience symptoms such as swelling in the legs, fatigue, frequent urination, or changes in urine color, you should get a kidney function test immediately.

Even if you do not have any apparent symptoms, regular KFT testing is a good idea to detect kidney issues early and ensure your kidneys remain healthy. Conclusion

A KFT is a test used primarily for health assessment regarding the kidney state in the prevention of any possible diseases of the kidney. An early detection of kidney problems through regular tests is associated with more effective treatment and management.

Don't wait for developing symptoms. The control of kidney function should start now. You can have a Kidney Function Test (KFT) in the future to check how well your kidneys are working and to take preventive measures from kidney complications.

Frequently Asked Questions About the Kidney Function Test

1. What are the reasons for a kidney function test?

A kidney function test is used to determine how well the kidneys are functioning, especially in glomerular filtration and other functions like balancing electrolytes and fluids. It helps in the diagnosis of kidney disease as well as its progression if the person has any disease.

2. Which test accurately determines kidney function?

The tests that judge kidney function are said to be 25-hydroxylated vitamin D test and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), defining a cut-off below which it indicates kidney function impairment. In fact, GFR estimates how efficiently the kidneys are filtering waste; if it is low, then kidney disease is likely.

3. What are the preparations or precautions for kidney tests in Delhi?

In general, there is no special preparation for a Kidney Function Test (KFT). Fasting for 8-12 hours before the test is advised for most parameters, especially creatinine and urea, in order to guarantee accuracy. Follow special instructions from your physician or laboratory.

4. What is a typical range for Creatinine Level?

Initially, the blood creatinine range varies from approximately 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dl. Nevertheless, normal ranges may diverge depending on age, gender, and muscle mass. In contrast, increased creatinine levels generally signify impairment in kidney functioning, while lower amounts could imply the presence of other health concerns.

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Gout: an inflammatory disease caused by excess uric acid

What is gout?

Gout is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by uric acid crystals that deposit in the joints, causing severe pain, redness and swelling. These crystalline deposits are caused by high levels of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricaemia).

What causes gout?

There are many causes of gout:

- Overproduction of uric acid by the body.

- Renal under-excretion of uric acid: the kidneys are unable to eliminate enough uric acid.

- Genetic factors: some people are predisposed to gout.

- Diet: excessive consumption of alcohol, red meat, seafood and sugary drinks can lead to gout.

- Certain diseases: high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity and certain kidney diseases can increase the risk of gout.

What are the symptoms?

Gout manifests itself as acute attacks of intense pain, usually in the big toe, but it can affect other joints (ankles, knees, elbows, wrists). These attacks are accompanied by

- Redness and heat in the affected joint.

- Severe swelling.

- Intense pain, often described as a burning sensation.

How is gout diagnosed?

The diagnosis of gout is based on :

- Clinical examination: the doctor will look for the characteristic signs of a gout attack.

- Joint puncture: a liquid is taken from the inflamed joint to look for uric acid crystals.

- Blood tests: to measure uric acid levels.

What are the treatments?

Gout treatment aims to :

- Relieve the acute attack: anti-inflammatory drugs, painkillers.

- Prevent new attacks: medication to lower uric acid levels (uricosurics, allopurinol).

- Modify lifestyle: balanced diet, weight loss, avoidance of alcohol.

How can I prevent gout?

To prevent gout attacks or reduce their frequency, it is advisable to :

- Eat a balanced diet: limit consumption of red meat, seafood, alcohol and sugary drinks.

- Maintain a healthy weight.

- Practise regular physical activity.

- Monitor uric acid levels.

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Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

NAFLD involves fat buildup in the liver not caused by alcohol.

Commonly associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome.

NAFLD can lead to severe liver conditions like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis if untreated.

Diet rich in nutrient-dense foods, along with regular physical activity, is key to managing and preventing NAFLD.

Early detection and intervention are important to prevent progression to more serious liver diseases.

What is Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease?

Definition of NAFLD

NAFLD is characterized by excessive fat buildup in the liver cells, accounting for more than 5-10% of the liver’s weight, without significant alcohol consumption.

It is increasingly common, particularly in people who are overweight, have type 2 diabetes, or suffer from metabolic syndrome.

NAFLD can progress from simple fat accumulation in the liver to more severe conditions that damage liver function.

Stages of NAFLD

Simple Fatty Liver (Steatosis): This stage involves the accumulation of fat in the liver cells without significant inflammation or liver damage.

Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH): This more advanced stage is marked by liver inflammation and cell damage, which can lead to fibrosis (scarring) of the liver.

Fibrosis and Cirrhosis: Prolonged inflammation and liver damage can result in fibrosis and, eventually, cirrhosis, which significantly impairs liver function and may lead to liver failure.

Causes and Risk Factors

Obesity and Overweight

Excess body fat, particularly around the abdomen, is strongly linked to NAFLD. Obesity increases the likelihood of fat being deposited in the liver.

Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes

Insulin resistance, commonly seen in type 2 diabetes, promotes fat accumulation in the liver and is a major risk factor for NAFLD.

Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic syndrome, which includes conditions such as high blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol levels, significantly increases the risk of developing NAFLD.

Genetic Factors

Genetics may also influence the development of NAFLD, making some individuals more susceptible to the condition.

Poor Diet and Sedentary Lifestyle

A diet high in carbohydrates and ultra-processed foods, combined with a lack of physical activity, contributes to fat buildup in the liver.

Fructose, especially from high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), contributes significantly to the development of NAFLD by promoting de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and increasing triglyceride accumulation in the liver.

Unlike glucose, fructose metabolism bypasses key regulatory steps, leading to rapid fat synthesis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses in the liver.

Excessive fructose intake is linked to the progression of liver damage, including fibrosis, through mechanisms involving increased uric acid levels, ATP depletion, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Symptoms of NAFLD

Early Stages (Steatosis)

NAFLD often does not cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages. Many individuals with simple fatty liver are unaware they have the condition.

Advanced Stages (NASH and Cirrhosis)

As NAFLD progresses, symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, weight loss, and discomfort in the upper right abdomen.

Advanced liver damage can lead to jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), swelling in the abdomen and legs, and mental confusion.

Diagnosis of NAFLD

Blood Tests (Liver Enzymes)

Elevated liver enzyme levels in blood tests can indicate liver inflammation or damage, which may suggest the presence of NAFLD.

Imaging Tests (Ultrasound, MRI)

Imaging tests like ultrasounds or MRIs can detect fat accumulation in the liver, helping to confirm a diagnosis of NAFLD.

Liver Biopsy

In some cases, a liver biopsy might be needed to determine the extent of liver damage and to distinguish between simple fatty liver and NASH.

Treatment and Management of NAFLD

Lifestyle Changes

Diet:

Avoid grains, sugars, and processed foods, which contribute to liver fat accumulation.

Emphasize a diet rich in bio-available foods, such as grass-fed ruminant red meat and organs, pasture-raised eggs, and wild-caught seafood.

Include healthy animal fats like ghee, butter, and tallow.

Exercise:

Regular physical activity is important.

Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week to help reduce liver fat and improve overall metabolic health.

Weight Loss:

Gradual and sustained weight loss can significantly reduce liver fat and inflammation, lowering the risk of progression to more severe liver disease.

Medications and Medical Interventions

Currently, there are no specific medications approved for treating NAFLD. However, managing conditions like diabetes, and insulin resistance may help reduce the risk of liver damage.

Lifestyle changes remain the most effective treatment.

Monitoring and Follow-Up

Regular monitoring of liver function through blood tests and imaging is essential for tracking the progression of NAFLD and adjusting treatment as needed.

Prevention of NAFLD

Healthy Diet

A diet focused on bioavailable nutrient-dense whole foods while avoiding grains, sugars, and ultra-processed foods can help prevent the development of NAFLD.

Regular Physical Activity

Maintaining a regular exercise routine helps prevent fat buildup in the liver and supports overall health.

Weight Management

Keeping a healthy weight through proper diet and exercise is key to preventing NAFLD.

Potential Complications

Progression to NASH

If left untreated, simple fatty liver can progress to NASH, leading to more severe liver inflammation and damage.

Fibrosis and Cirrhosis

Chronic liver inflammation can lead to fibrosis (scarring) and eventually cirrhosis, which severely impairs liver function and can lead to liver failure.

Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

NAFLD is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases due to its links with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is a common but potentially serious condition that can progress to severe liver damage if not managed properly. A diet rich in animal-based foods, combined with regular physical activity and weight management, is the most effective way to treat and prevent NAFLD. Early diagnosis and intervention are critical to preventing the progression to more serious liver conditions.

FAQs

What causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?

NAFLD is primarily caused by obesity, insulin resistance, and poor dietary habits, leading to fat accumulation in the liver.

Can NAFLD be reversed?

Yes, NAFLD can often be reversed through dietary changes, regular exercise, and sustained weight loss.

What is the difference between NAFLD and NASH?

NAFLD involves fat buildup in the liver, while NASH includes inflammation and liver cell damage, which can lead to more serious conditions like fibrosis and cirrhosis.

How is NAFLD diagnosed?

NAFLD is diagnosed through blood tests, imaging studies like ultrasound or MRI, and sometimes a liver biopsy to assess the extent of liver damage.

What lifestyle changes can help manage NAFLD?

Adopting a diet rich in animal-based foods, engaging in regular physical activity, and achieving gradual weight loss are key to managing and preventing NAFLD

Research

Ambreen, G., Siddiq, A., & Hussain, K. (2020). Association of long-term consumption of repeatedly heated mix vegetable oils in different doses and hepatic toxicity through fat accumulation. *Lipids in Health and Disease*, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-020-01256-0.

Anderson, E.L., Howe, L.D., Jones, H.E., Higgins, J.P.T., Lawlor, D.A., & Fraser, A. (2015). The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. *PLOS ONE*, 10(10), p.e0140908. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140908.

Asrih, M., & Jornayvaz, F. R. (2014). Diets and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The good and the bad. Clinical Nutrition, 33(2), 186-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2013.11.003

Basaranoglu, M., Basaranoglu, G., Sabuncu, T., & Sentürk, H. (2013). Fructose as a key player in the development of fatty liver disease. *World Journal of Gastroenterology*, 19(8), 1166-1172. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i8.1166.

Chen, H.L., Tsai, T.C., Tsai, Y.C., Liao, J.W., Yen, C.C., & Chen, C.M. (2016). Kefir peptides prevent high-fructose corn syrup-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a murine model by modulation of inflammation and the JAK2 signaling pathway. *Nutrition & Diabetes*, 6(12), pp.e237. https://doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2016.49.

Coronati, M., Baratta, F., Pastori, D., Ferro, D., Angelico, F., & Del Ben, M. (2022). Added fructose in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and in metabolic syndrome: A narrative review. *Nutrients*, 14(6), p.1127. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14061127.

D’Abbondanza, M., Ministrini, S., Pucci, G., Nulli Migliola, E., Martorelli, E.-E., Gandolfo, V., Siepi, D., Lupattelli, G., & Vaudo, G. (2020). Very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet for the treatment of severe obesity and associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: The role of sex differences. *Nutrients*, 12(9), p.2748. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092748.

D., J., P., A., & F., J. Different dietary approaches, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease: A literature review. *Nutrients*, 15(6), 1483. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15061483.

Fan, G., & Cao, X. Role of diet and nutritional management in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. *Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology*, 28, 81-87. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.12244.

Félix, D.R., Costenaro, F., Gottschall, C.B.A., & Coral, G.P. (2016). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese children—effect of refined carbohydrates in diet. *BMC Pediatrics*, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-016-0726-3.

Gopalakrishnan Ravikumar, N.P., Nallapeta, N.S., & Mahl, T. (2019). Risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with increased intake of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS): A systematic review. *American Journal of Gastroenterology*, 114(1), pp.S1615. https://doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000601436.73048.30.

Goss, A.M., Dowla, S., Pendergrass, M., Ashraf, A., Bolding, M., Morrison, S., Amerson, A., Soleymani, T., & Gower, B. (2020). Effects of a carbohydrate‐restricted diet on hepatic lipid content in adolescents with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A pilot, randomized trial. *Pediatric Obesity*, 15(7). https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12630.

Grinshpan, L.S., Eilat-Adar, S., Ivancovsky-Wajcman, D., Kariv, R., Gillon-Keren, M., & Zelber-Sagi, S. (2024). Ultra-processed food consumption and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance: A systematic review. *JHEP Reports*, 6(1), p.100964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100964.

Hägele, F.A., Enderle, J., Rimbach, G., & Bosy-Westphal, A. (2023). Ultra-processed food consumption and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease—What are the proposed mechanisms? *Exploration of Digestive Diseases*, 1(1), pp.133-148. https://doi.org/10.37349/edd.2023.00023.

Hydes, T., Alam, U., & Cuthbertson, D.J. (2021). The impact of macronutrient intake on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Too much fat, too much carbohydrate, or just too many calories? *Frontiers in Nutrition*, 8, 640557. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.640557.

Ivancovsky‐Wajcman, D., Fliss‐Isakov, N., Webb, M., Bentov, I., Shibolet, O., Kariv, R., & Zelber‐Sagi, S. (2021). Ultra‐processed food is associated with features of metabolic syndrome and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. *Liver International*, 41(11), pp.2635–2645. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14996.

Jarvis, H., Craig, D., Barker, R., Spiers, G., Stow, D., Anstee, Q.M., & Hanratty, B. (2020). Metabolic risk factors and incident advanced liver disease in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based observational studies. *PLOS Medicine*, 17(4), p.e1003100. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003100.

Keating, S. E., Hackett, D. A., George, J., & Johnson, N. A. (2012). Exercise and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. *Journal of Hepatology*, 57(1), 157-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2012.02.023.

Konieczna, J., Fiol, M., Colom, A., Ángel, M., Corella, D., Trinidad, M., Martínez, J. A., M., Á., Wärnberg, J., Vioque, J., Estruch, R., Rosa, M., Lapetra, J., Tur, J. A., Martín Sánchez, V., Pintó, X., Gaforio, J. J., Vidal, J., Vázquez, C., . . . Romaguera, D. (2022). Does consumption of ultra-processed foods matter for liver health? Prospective analysis among older adults with metabolic syndrome. *Nutrients*, 14(19), p.4142. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14194142.

Liu, Z., Huang, H., Zeng, Y., Chen, Y., & Xu, C. (2022). Association between ultra-processed foods consumption and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based analysis of NHANES 2011–2018. *British Journal of Nutrition*, 130(6), pp.996–1004. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114522003956.

Luukkonen, P. K., Dufour, S., Lyu, K., Zhang, X., Hakkarainen, A., Lehtimäki, T. E., Cline, G. W., Petersen, K. F., & Shulman, G. I. (2020). Effect of a ketogenic diet on hepatic steatosis and hepatic mitochondrial metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences*, 117(13), 7347-7354. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922344117.

Luukkonen, P. K., Hodson, L., & Moore, J. B. (2021). Dietary carbohydrates and fats in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. *Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology*, 18(11), 770-786. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-021-00472-y.

Marchesini, G., Brizi, M., Morselli-Labate, A.M., Bianchi, G., Bugianesi, E., McCullough, A.J., Forlani, G., & Melchionda, N. (1999). Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with insulin resistance. *The American Journal of Medicine*, 107(5), pp.450–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00271-5.

Musso, G., Gambino, R., Tabibian, J.H., Ekstedt, M., Kechagias, S., Hamaguchi, M., Hultcrantz, R., Hagström, H., Yoon, S.K., Charatcharoenwitthaya, P., George, J., Barrera, F., Hafliðadóttir, S., Björnsson, E.S., Armstrong, M.J., Hopkins, L.J., Gao, X., Francque, S., Verrijken, A., Yilmaz, Y., Lindor, K.D., Charlton, M., Haring, R., Lerch, M.M., Rettig, R., Völzke, H., Ryu, S., Li, G., Wong, L.L., Machado, M., Cortez-Pinto, H., Yasui, K., & Cassader, M. (2014). Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. *PLoS Medicine*, 11(7), p.e1001680. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001680.

Ouyang, X., Cirillo, P., Sautin, Y., McCall, S., Bruchette, J. L., Diehl, A. M., Johnson, R. J., & Abdelmalek, M. F. (2008). Fructose consumption as a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. *Journal of Hepatology*, 48(6), 993-999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2008.02.011.

Pai, S.A., Munshi, R.P., & Juvekar, A.R. (2019). Partially hydrogenated vegetable oil containing 5% trans fats when combined with fructose exacerbates obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. *Nutrire*, 45(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41110-019-0105-6.

Papadopoulos, G., Legaki, A.-I., Georgila, K., Vorkas, P., Giannousi, E., Stamatakis, G., Moustakas, I.I., Petrocheilou, M., Pyrina, I., Gercken, B., Kassi, E., Chavakis, T., Pateras, I.S., Panayotou, G., Gika, H., Samiotaki, M., Eliopoulos, A.G., & Chatzigeorgiou, A. (2023). Integrated omics analysis for characterization of the contribution of high fructose corn syrup to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obesity. *Metabolism*, 144, p.155552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155552.

Park, G., Jung, S., Wellen, K. E., & Jang, C. (2021). The interaction between the gut microbiota and dietary carbohydrates in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 53(5), 809-822. https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-021-00614-x

Targher, G., Byrne, C.D., Lonardo, A., Zoppini, G., & Barbui, C. (2016). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis. *Journal of Hepatology*, 65(3), pp.589–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2016.05.013.

Watanabe, M., Tozzi, R., Risi, R., Tuccinardi, D., Mariani, S., Basciani, S., Spera, G., Lubrano, C., & Gnessi, L. (2020). Beneficial effects of the ketogenic diet on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A comprehensive review of the literature. Obesity Reviews, 21(8), e13024. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13024

Ye, Q., Zou, B., Yeo, Y.H., Li, J., Huang, D.Q., Wu, Y., Yang, H., Liu, C., Kam, L.Y., Tan, X.X.E., Chien, N., Trinh, S., Henry, L., Stave, C.D., Hosaka, T., Cheung, R.C., & Nguyen, M.H. (2020). Global prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of non-obese or lean non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. *The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology*, 5(8), pp.739–752. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-1253(20)30077-7.

Yki-Järvinen, H. (2015). Nutritional modulation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. *Nutrients*, 7(11), pp.9127–9138. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7115454.

Zhang, S., Gan, S., Zhang, Q., Liu, L., Meng, G., Yao, Z., Wu, H., Gu, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, T., Wang, X., Sun, S., Wang, X., Zhou, M., Jia, Q., Song, K., Qi, L., & Niu, K. (2021). Ultra-processed food consumption and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the Tianjin Chronic Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Health Cohort Study. *International Journal of Epidemiology*, 51(1), pp.237–249. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyab174.

Zhang, Y.-F., Qiao, W., Zhuang, J., Feng, H., Zhang, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2024). Association of ultra-processed food intake with severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective study of 143073 UK Biobank participants. *The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging*, 28(10), p.100352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100352.

Zhao, L., Clay-Gilmour, A., Zhang, J., Zhang, X., & Steck, S. E. (2024). Higher ultra-processed food intake is associated with adverse liver outcomes: A prospective cohort study of UK Biobank participants. *The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition*, 119(1), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.10.014.

Zhao, L., Zhang, X., Martinez Steele, E., Lo, C.-H., Zhang, F.F., & Zhang, X. (2023). Higher ultra-processed food intake was positively associated with odds of NAFLD in both US adolescents and adults: A national survey. *Hepatology Communications*, 7(9). https://doi.org/10.1097/hc9.0000000000000240.

[royalrealty]

Why Do Kidney Stones Form and How Can I Prevent Them?

Kidney stones are a common but painful condition that affects many people worldwide. They are hard deposits made from minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys. These stones can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a pebble, sometimes even reaching the size of a golf ball. The larger the stone, the more likely it is to cause severe symptoms, including intense pain.

Understanding the causes and prevention of kidney stones can help you manage your health better and avoid this painful condition. In this blog, we will explore why kidney stones form and what you can do to prevent them.

What Causes Kidney Stones?

Kidney stones form when your urine contains high levels of minerals and salts like calcium, oxalate, and uric acid. When these substances become too concentrated, they start to crystallize, sticking together to form solid stones. Several factors can increase your risk of developing kidney stones:

Dehydration: Not drinking enough water is one of the most common causes. When you are dehydrated, your urine becomes more concentrated, making it easier for stones to form.

Diet: High levels of certain foods, such as those rich in oxalates (like spinach and beets) or salt, can lead to stone formation. A diet high in protein and low in fluids can also increase your risk.

Medical conditions: Certain health conditions, including obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, and urinary tract infections, can contribute to the development of kidney stones.

Genetics: If someone in your family has had kidney stones, you might have a higher chance of developing them as well.

Symptoms of Kidney Stones

You may not know you have a kidney stone until it starts to move. When a stone moves within your kidney or passes into the ureter (the tube connecting the kidney to the bladder), it can cause severe discomfort. Common symptoms include:

Sharp pain in the back or side, just below the ribs

Pain that spreads to the lower abdomen or groin

Pain that fluctuates in intensity, often coming in waves

Pain or burning sensation while urinating

Nausea and vomiting

Pink, red, or brown urine

Cloudy or foul-smelling urine

Persistent need to urinate or difficulty passing urine

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention, especially if the pain is severe, if you have nausea and vomiting, or if you notice blood in your urine.

How to Prevent Kidney Stones

While some people are genetically predisposed to kidney stones, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk. Here are some simple ways to prevent kidney stones:

Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water is the easiest and most effective way to prevent kidney stones. Aim for at least 8-10 glasses of water each day. Proper hydration helps dilute the substances in your urine that can form stones.

Watch Your Diet: Reduce your intake of high-oxalate foods, such as spinach, nuts, and chocolate, as these can contribute to stone formation. Lowering your salt intake can also reduce your risk since a high-sodium diet increases the amount of calcium in your urine. Additionally, balancing protein intake and avoiding excess sugar can help prevent stones.

Limit High-Purine Foods: Foods high in purines, like red meat and shellfish, can lead to higher levels of uric acid, which may contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Cutting back on these foods can help lower your risk.

Monitor Your Calcium Intake: While it may seem counterintuitive, not getting enough calcium in your diet can actually lead to kidney stones. Make sure to get enough calcium from your food rather than from supplements, as calcium in food binds with oxalates and prevents them from forming stones.

Maintain a Healthy Weight: Obesity and being overweight are linked to a higher risk of kidney stones. Keeping your weight in a healthy range through diet and exercise can help reduce your risk.

When to See a Doctor

Kidney stones can cause severe pain and discomfort, but they do not usually lead to permanent damage if treated promptly. However, if you experience intense pain that makes it hard to sit or stand, if the pain is accompanied by fever, chills, or difficulty urinating, you should see a doctor immediately. In some cases, surgery may be required to remove the stone if it becomes lodged in your urinary tract.

Final Thoughts

Kidney stones are a painful condition that can be avoided with proper care and lifestyle choices. By staying hydrated, watching your diet, and maintaining a healthy weight, you can reduce your risk of developing kidney stones. If you do experience symptoms, do not hesitate to seek medical help to manage the pain and prevent complications.

Understanding why kidney stones form and how to prevent them is the first step toward taking control of your urinary health.

[singhmonalisa]

Understanding Kidney Stones: Insights from a Leading Kidney Stone Specialist in Patna

Kidney stones are a common yet painful condition that affects millions worldwide. If you're searching for a kidney stone specialist in Patna, it's crucial to understand what kidney stones are, their causes, symptoms, and treatment options available to you. In this blog, we’ll delve into these aspects and help you make informed decisions regarding your health.

What Are Kidney Stones?

Kidney stones are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys. They can vary in size and shape, ranging from tiny crystals to large stones that can block the urinary tract, causing severe pain. Understanding the types of kidney stones is essential for effective treatment, which is why consulting a kidney stone specialist in Patna can be beneficial.

Types of Kidney Stones

Calcium Stones: The most common type, usually formed from calcium oxalate.

Struvite Stones: Often associated with urinary infections.

Uric Acid Stones: More common in men, these stones form when urine is overly acidic.

Cystine Stones: Rare, occurring in people with a genetic disorder that causes the kidneys to excrete excess amino acids.

A kidney stone specialist in Patna will help you identify the type of stone you have, which is critical for determining the appropriate treatment.

Causes of Kidney Stones

Several factors contribute to the formation of kidney stones. A kidney stone specialist in Patna can help identify the specific causes in your case. Common causes include:

Dehydration: Not drinking enough water can lead to concentrated urine, promoting stone formation.

Diet: High salt, sugar, and animal protein intake can increase the risk.

Obesity: Excess weight can lead to changes in the acid levels in the urine.

Medical Conditions: Certain conditions, such as diabetes and hyperparathyroidism, can increase your risk.

Symptoms of Kidney Stones

Recognizing the symptoms of kidney stones is essential for prompt treatment. If you experience any of the following symptoms, consult a kidney stone specialist in Patna:

Severe pain in the back, side, or lower abdomen.

Pain during urination.

Pink, red, or brown urine.

Nausea and vomiting.

Frequent urination or the urge to urinate.

These symptoms can vary depending on the size and location of the stone, so a professional evaluation is necessary for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Diagnosis of Kidney Stones

To diagnose kidney stones, a kidney stone specialist in Patna will typically perform the following:

Medical History Review: Understanding your symptoms and medical background.

Physical Examination: Checking for pain and tenderness in the abdomen and lower back.

Imaging Tests: X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasounds may be used to visualize stones.

Urine Tests: Analyzing your urine for minerals and substances that promote stone formation.

These diagnostic tools are crucial for developing an effective treatment plan tailored to your specific needs.

Treatment Options for Kidney Stones

Once diagnosed, the treatment for kidney stones will depend on the size, type, and location of the stones. Consulting a kidney stone specialist in Patna will help you explore the best treatment options:

Increased Fluid Intake: For small stones, drinking plenty of water can help flush them out naturally.

Medications: Pain relievers and medications to help pass stones may be prescribed.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL): A non-invasive procedure that uses sound waves to break stones into smaller pieces, making them easier to pass.

Ureteroscopy: A procedure where a thin tube is inserted through the urethra to remove or break up the stone.

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A surgical procedure for larger stones, where a small incision is made in the back to remove the stone directly.

Your kidney stone specialist in Patna will guide you in choosing the most appropriate treatment option based on your specific condition.

Preventing Kidney Stones

Prevention is key to managing kidney stones effectively. A kidney stone specialist in Patna can help you create a personalized prevention plan, which may include:

Hydration: Drinking at least 8-10 glasses of water daily to dilute urine.

Dietary Changes: Reducing salt and animal protein while increasing fruits and vegetables can help lower your risk.

Regular Check-Ups: Routine monitoring and consultations with your specialist can aid in early detection and prevention of recurrence.

Lifestyle Changes to Support Kidney Health

In addition to medical treatment, certain lifestyle changes can promote kidney health. Here are some recommendations from a kidney stone specialist in Patna:

Exercise Regularly: Physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight and reduce the risk of stones.

Limit Sugary Foods: Reducing sugar intake can prevent obesity and related health issues.

Avoid Excessive Vitamin C: High doses of vitamin C can increase oxalate levels in the urine, contributing to stone formation.

Limit Oxalate-Rich Foods: If you are prone to calcium oxalate stones, reducing foods like spinach, nuts, and tea can be beneficial.

When to Seek Help

If you suspect you have kidney stones or experience severe symptoms, it’s crucial to seek help promptly. A kidney stone specialist in Patna can provide immediate care, reducing the risk of complications such as urinary tract infections or kidney damage.

The Role of a Kidney Stone Specialist

A kidney stone specialist in Patna plays a vital role in diagnosing, treating, and preventing kidney stones. With specialized training and experience, these professionals understand the complexities of kidney health and can offer tailored solutions to meet your needs.

Conclusion

Kidney stones can be a painful and debilitating condition, but with the right knowledge and support from a kidney stone specialist in Patna, you can effectively manage and prevent them. From understanding the types and causes of kidney stones to exploring treatment options and lifestyle changes, being proactive about your kidney health is essential.

If you are experiencing symptoms or have concerns about kidney stones, don't hesitate to reach out to a kidney stone specialist in Patna. Their expertise can guide you toward a healthier, pain-free life.

[bumblebee0409]

Gout: Understanding the Painful Truth

Gout, also known as gouty arthritis, is a type of arthritis caused by a buildup of uric acid in the blood. This excess uric acid forms sharp crystals that deposit in the joints, causing inflammation and severe pain.

How to manage gout

Medication: Medications can help reduce uric acid levels and relieve pain and inflammation.

Diet: A low-purine diet can help reduce uric acid production.

Weight management: Losing weight can help reduce uric acid levels.

Lifestyle changes: Regular exercise, limiting alcohol consumption, and staying hydrated can also help manage gout.

Preventing gout attacks

Maintain a healthy weight: Being overweight or obese increases your risk of gout.

Eat a healthy diet: Limit your intake of purine-rich foods and increase your consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help flush out uric acid.

Manage underlying medical conditions: Conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can contribute to gout, so it's important to manage these conditions.

If you think you may have gout, it's important to see a doctor for diagnosis and treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve your quality of life.

Everything you need is available at Listinge.com

[swanandkidneyclinic1111]

What causes kidney stones treatment?

Dr. Snehal Shankar Gaikwad is the director, consultant, and  Best Nephrologist in Moshi Pune at Swanand Kidney Clinic, Bhosari, and Imperial Multispeciality Hospital, Chikali. 

Causes of Kidney stones:

The main cause is less urine production. At least 1 litre of urine has to be generated daily. Other risk factors include too much or too little exercise, prolonged dehydration, weight loss surgery, high protein levels, salt, or glucose levels, obesity, and gastric bypass surgery. Medical conditions like renal tubular acidosis, cystinuria, and hyperparathyroidism also cause kidney stones.

Treatment of Kidney stones:

Kidney Stones are excruciating. Also, there is no medication cure in conventional methods. Doctors give only painkillers and diuretics. But when pain is increased, only surgery becomes the option.

Also, drink at least 1.8 to 3.6 litres of water per day. It will help you to remove small-sized stones naturally. Citric acid contained in fruit juices is very beneficial. But avoid too much consumption. These juices are lemon juice, apple cider vinegar, celery juice, basil juice, Pomegranate juice, kidney bean broth, Dandelion root juice, and wheatgrass juice.

Surgery

It depends on the size of the stone. Before going to surgery, the doctor also considers the symptoms. In Shock wave lithotripsy, shock waves are passed to the kidney. It breaks kidney stones into small pieces. The procedure takes 45 minutes to 1 hour using general anaesthesia. All pieces will pass out through urination. In Ureteroscopy, a long tool shaped like a tube is used to remove small-sized stones. If stones are larger then, these will be broken into small pieces. In Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, a tube is directly put into the kidney. The patient can be hospitalized for 2 to 3 days.

How can we prevent stones?

Drink a lot of water and other fluids to keep urine output at least more than 2 litres per day. For this amount of urine excretion, you need to drink at least 3-4 litres of fluid. A simple and practical guide is to keep the urine colour very light yellow. The darker the urine colour, the higher the salt concentration.

Reduce bad salts like calcium, oxalate, sodium, phosphorus and uric acid. Calcium is rich in dairy products and oxalate is rich in a lot of vegetables like spinach, beetroot, okra, leeks, rhubarb, cabbage etc, tea/coffee, chocolate and nuts. When we combine food containing calcium and oxalate, the excess salts get precipitated as calcium oxalate and get excreted in faeces, and not through kidneys.

 That's why the traditional teaching of calcium restriction failed to reduce stones. When calcium is restricted it increases oxalate excretion in the kidneys, thus increasing stone formation. Moderation (not restriction) in calcium intake is required. Milk products should always be combined with other food intake and not taken on an empty stomach.

Reduce salt intake to less than 4 g per day. Yes, it should be less than a teaspoon for the whole day!

Eat a lot of fruits. These are rich in stone inhibitors like potassium, citrate, magnesium, etc and also rich in antioxidants which protect against oxidative kidney damage.

Reduce animal protein intake. Animal proteins have a lot of stone-promoting contents. They also increase uric acid excretion.

Do aerobic exercises daily. A sedentary lifestyle damages not only the kidneys but also all vital organs.

Prevent and treat any urinary infection.

Prevent and treat lifestyle diseases like diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension.

All of these practices can reduce the formation of a kidney stone. Despite all these efforts, you can still form a stone. Many of the factors causing stones cannot be still found using currently available technology. However, a complete evaluation including stone analysis, serum calcium, serum uric acid, serum parathyroid hormone, serum bicarbonate, and 24-hour urinary sodium, calcium, phosphorus, uric acid, magnesium, citrate, creatinine and urine pH can rule out common causes of stones. These tests will find out at least one abnormality in 97% of stone-formers. At Swanand Kidney Clinic, we offer advanced kidney stone treatment in Bhosari. 

[nirupamobesityclinic]

Top 4 Health Risks Associated with Obesity

Obesity has become a major health concern in today's society. With the increasing availability of unhealthy food options and sedentary lifestyles, more and more people are falling victim to this condition. Obesity not only affects one's physical appearance, but it also puts an individual at a higher risk for various health problems. In fact, it is considered a leading cause of preventable deaths worldwide. As per the World Health Organization, obesity has nearly tripled since 1975, and in 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight, of which over 650 million were obese. These alarming statistics highlight the need to address the issue of obesity and its associated health risks.

Also Read: Best Bariatric Surgeon in India

Here are the top 5 health risks associated with obesity:

1) Cardiovascular Diseases:

Obesity is a major risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks, strokes, and high blood pressure. Excess body fat puts a strain on the heart, leading to an increased risk of heart diseases. It also affects the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood, which can further lead to the blockage of arteries and increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

2) Type-2 Diabetes:

Obesity is closely linked to the development of type 2 diabetes. The excess fat in the body makes it difficult for the cells to respond to insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. This can eventually cause damage to the nerves, blood vessels, and organs in the body, increasing the risk of heart diseases, kidney diseases, and blindness.

Also Read: Best Laparoscopic Surgeon in Patna

3) Joint Problems:

Carrying excess weight puts a strain on the joints, especially on the knees and hips. This can lead to conditions like osteoarthritis, where the cartilage between the bones wears down, causing pain and stiffness. Obesity can also lead to gout, a form of arthritis caused by excess uric acid in the body.

4) Sleep Apnea:

Obesity is a major risk factor for sleep apnea, a condition where a person stops breathing for short periods during sleep. This can lead to poor quality of sleep, fatigue, and other health problems. Sleep apnea has also been linked to an increased risk of heart diseases, stroke, and diabetes.

Also Read: Best Diabetes Doctor in Patna

[explainslowly]

Other thing they love to say is that skinny people have better results with t2 diabetes, which on some level I even believe? I am sure there are skinny ppl with t2 who have different metabolism from me who have a different experience of the illness, lol.

The thing is, of course, you cannot simply become a person with a different body - the majority of scientific knowledge seems pretty clear on that. Most people will not maintain weight loss. Instead at best, the doctors are asking me to waste my time trying to lose weight and maintain that loss, or at worst are asking me to seriously endanger my health.

Insulin resistance is interesting - it comes comorbid with a whole range of metabolic problems that were previously understood to be dietary. For example in my case it's high cholesterol and uric acid. It's easy for a doctor to toss out half-assed dietary advice and leave you to sort through the mess. But they do have pills for both! Which I am on now!

If you want to learn more about diabetic nutrition, non-diet style, I recommend this facebook group:

But the important point to understand is this - stop thinking about your diet in terms of reducing carbs.

What you really want to achieve as a diabetic is to prevent your blood sugar from getting high and staying high for long amounts of time (and also, paradoxically, from dipping too low).

Some of this is achieved with medication, but it is helped along by learning how your body processes sugars. Part of that is trial and error (hopefully they gave you a classic glucometer or a cgm) but there are also general directions you can follow. Fats and proteins in food help slow down how fast the carbohydrates are processed. So does fiber. Often you can mitigate heavy carb food spiking by adding something rich in fat and protein. Classic trick is combining a sweet treat with some nuts or a glass of milk. There is a lot of unexpected things you might learn about yourself - for example a lot of people spike after some artifical sweeteners.

And to wrap this up, I would recommend people are not so strict with themselves. I think it's good to eat a diverse diet, including foods that spike you ever so often. Trust me, I still get crispy chicken and let me tell you the white rice, glutenous batter and sweet sauce does some pretty horrific things to my bloog sugar, but I don't eat it that often so I think I'm good, lol.

fatphobia and ableism is so insidious. You can look up like, food, and it'll say "eating a lot of food causes diabetes" and you're like oh dang what? I thought we didn't know the cause of diabetes. So you look up what causes diabetes and it says "we still don't know what causes diabetes" bruh they're just making shit up to give people eating disorders

[drchiraggupta]

Causes of Kidney Stone Formation

Introduction: Kidney stones, those tiny but formidable crystalline structures, can wreak havoc on our well-being. Understanding the factors that contribute to their formation is crucial for preventing their recurrence and managing their impact on our health. In this article, we’ll explore the various causes of kidney stone formation, shedding light on the dietary, genetic, and lifestyle factors that play a role in their development.

1. Dehydration: One of the primary culprits behind kidney stone formation is dehydration. When we don’t consume enough fluids, our urine becomes more concentrated, making it easier for minerals and salts to crystallize and form stones. Insufficient hydration reduces the volume of urine, allowing these substances to accumulate and clump together, eventually leading to the formation of kidney stones.

2. Dietary Factors: Our dietary choices can significantly influence the likelihood of developing kidney stones. Foods that are high in certain minerals, such as calcium, oxalate, and salt, can increase the risk of stone formation. Oxalate-rich foods like spinach, beets, nuts, and chocolate, as well as high-sodium foods, can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones — the most common type of kidney stone. Similarly, consuming excessive amounts of animal protein, particularly red meat, can lead to the accumulation of uric acid, another common component of kidney stones.

3. Genetic Predisposition: Genetics also play a role in the formation of kidney stones. Individuals with a family history of kidney stones are more likely to develop them themselves, suggesting a genetic predisposition to stone formation. Certain genetic disorders, such as hyperoxaluria and cystinuria, can increase the risk of specific types of kidney stones by affecting the body’s ability to metabolize and excrete certain substances properly.

4. Medical Conditions: Underlying medical conditions can contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Conditions that affect the balance of minerals and fluids in the body, such as hyperparathyroidism, renal tubular acidosis, and urinary tract infections, can increase the risk of stone formation. Similarly, metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes can alter the body’s metabolism and increase the concentration of certain substances in the urine, predisposing individuals to kidney stone formation.

5. Medications: Certain medications can also increase the risk of kidney stone formation. Diuretics, commonly used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure, can increase urine production and lead to dehydration if not accompanied by adequate fluid intake. Similarly, calcium-based antacids and supplements can increase the concentration of calcium in the urine, potentially leading to the formation of calcium-containing kidney stones.

Conclusion: Kidney stones are a common and often painful condition that can affect individuals of all ages. By understanding the various factors that contribute to their formation, we can take proactive steps to minimize our risk and promote urinary tract health. Stay hydrated, maintain a balanced diet, and consult a healthcare professional if you have a family history of kidney stones or underlying medical conditions that may predispose you to stone formation. With proper awareness and preventive measures, we can reduce the burden of kidney stones and enjoy better overall health and well-being.

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Treatment for Wrist Pain in Hyderabad

Wrist pain and injuries are common issues that affect people of all ages and activity levels. Whether caused by repetitive strain, trauma, or underlying medical conditions, wrist problems can significantly impact daily life and mobility. Proper treatment is essential to reduce pain, prevent further injury, and restore function.

If you're seeking treatment for wrist pain in Hyderabad, healthcare providers in the city use advanced diagnostic techniques to thoroughly evaluate your wrist pain and create a customized treatment plan. Depending on the severity of your condition, treatment options may range from physical therapy and medication to wrist braces

Wrist pain can be classified as any discomfort felt in the wrist. It can be caused by a variety of issues, including

acute injury

arthritis

gout

carpal tunnel syndrome

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Cause: Compression of the median nerve within the wrist, often due to repetitive movements or pressure on the wrist.

Symptoms: Numbness, tingling, or pain in the thumb, index, and middle fingers.

Treatment:

Rest: Avoid activities that aggravate the symptoms.

Wrist Splints: Wearing a wrist splint at night helps keep the wrist in a neutral position and reduces pressure on the nerve.

Ergonomic Adjustments: Modify the workplace setup, such as adjusting the height of a chair or keyboard to prevent excessive wrist flexion.

Steroid Injections: In some cases, corticosteroid injections can reduce inflammation around the nerve.

Arthritis (Osteoarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis)

Cause: Osteoarthritis occurs due to wear and tear of cartilage, while rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks the joints.

Symptoms: Pain, stiffness, and swelling, especially after periods of inactivity.

Treatment:

Rest and Joint Protection: Avoid overloading the wrist joint and use assistive devices to reduce strain.

NSAIDs: These medications can help reduce pain and inflammation.

Wrist Splints: Wearing a splint can provide support and limit movement to reduce pain.

Physical Therapy: Exercises that increase strength and range of motion can help reduce stiffness and improve function.

Corticosteroid Injections: Inflammation can be reduced through steroid injections.

Gout

Gout is a type of inflammatory arthritis that is that caused by a buildup of uric acid. Uric acid is a chemical produced when your body breaks down foods that contain organic compounds called purines.

Most uric acid is dissolved in the blood and removed from the body through urination. However, in some cases, the body produces too much uric acid, and in other cases, the body does not excrete uric acid sufficiently.

This excess uric acid can be deposited in the joints, resulting in pain and swelling. Gout pain frequently occurs in the knees, ankles, wrists, and feet.

Common risk factors for gout 

overconsuming alcohol

overconsuming foods and drinks high in fructose

eating a diet high in purine-rich foods, like red meat and certain types of seafood

living with obesity

certain medications, such as diuretics

other conditions, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and kidney disease

Symptoms of wrist pain

Depending on what’s causing your wrist pain, it may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

swollen fingers

difficulty making a fist or gripping objects

numbness or tingling sensation in the hands

pain, numbness, or tingling that gets worse at night

sudden, sharp pain in the hand

swelling or redness around the wrist

warmth in a wrist joint

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Gout is an extremely painful form of arthritis that occurs when high levels of uric acid crystallize and deposit in the joints, tendons, or surrounding tissue. These crystal deposits cause severe inflammation, swelling, redness, and excruciating pain... #Mirari #MirariDoctor #MirariColdPlasma #ColdPlasma