#Municipal Wastewater Treatment

[solutionsforaquaculture]

The Role of Municipal Wastewater Treatment in Environmental Preservation

Municipal wastewater treatment plays a crucial role in safeguarding our environment by managing the discharge of pollutants into natural water bodies. As urban populations grow, the need for efficient wastewater management becomes increasingly critical. This article explores the importance of municipal wastewater treatment in environmental preservation, its key processes, benefits, challenges, and the future of sustainable treatment solutions.

Understanding Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Municipal wastewater treatment refers to the process of treating domestic and industrial wastewater to remove contaminants before it is released back into the environment or reused. The primary goal is to protect water quality, public health, and ecosystems from the adverse effects of untreated waste.

Key Processes in Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Primary Treatment: This initial step involves the removal of large debris and solids from wastewater using screens, sedimentation tanks, and grit chambers. This process effectively reduces the load of suspended solids, grease, and heavy particles.

Secondary Treatment: In this phase, biological processes are employed to degrade dissolved organic matter and nutrients. Microorganisms break down organic compounds into carbon dioxide, water, and energy, thus reducing the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and preventing nutrient pollution like eutrophication. Aerobic processes, such as activated sludge and trickling filters, are commonly used.

Tertiary Treatment: Also known as advanced treatment, this final step aims to further purify the water by removing remaining contaminants such as heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and microplastics. Advanced techniques like membrane filtration, reverse osmosis, and activated carbon adsorption are used to achieve high-quality effluent.

Sludge Treatment: The treatment process also generates sludge, which needs to be managed effectively. Techniques such as thickening, dewatering, and stabilization (e.g., anaerobic digestion) reduce volume and make the sludge safer for disposal or reuse as compost.

Environmental Benefits of Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Water Quality Protection: Effective treatment prevents harmful pollutants, including pathogens, nutrients, and industrial chemicals, from entering rivers, lakes, and oceans. This protection is vital for maintaining aquatic ecosystems and preserving biodiversity.

Prevention of Eutrophication: Nutrient-rich wastewater can lead to excessive algae growth in water bodies, resulting in reduced oxygen levels and harm to aquatic life. Municipal treatment systems help control nutrient discharges, reducing the risk of eutrophication.

Reduction of Pollutants: Modern treatment methods efficiently remove contaminants such as heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, and endocrine disruptors, preventing their accumulation in the environment and reducing the risk of health issues in humans and wildlife.

Resource Recovery: Through processes like anaerobic digestion, wastewater treatment plants can produce biogas, which can be used for energy generation. The recovered nutrients (like nitrogen and phosphorus) can be recycled as fertilizers, promoting sustainable agriculture.

Recreational and Industrial Reuse: Treated wastewater can be safely reused for irrigation, cooling in industrial processes, or even for urban green spaces. This practice conserves freshwater resources and reduces the demand on natural water bodies.

Challenges in Municipal Wastewater Treatment

High Costs: Advanced treatment technologies, such as membrane bioreactors and AOPs, involve significant initial investments. This financial burden can be a challenge for many municipalities, especially in developing regions.

Operational Complexity: The maintenance of advanced systems requires skilled personnel and regular monitoring. Ensuring consistent performance over time can be challenging without proper training and resources.

Inconsistent Regulations: Global differences in wastewater treatment standards can lead to variability in treatment quality. Inconsistent or outdated regulations can hinder the adoption of effective technologies, delaying progress in environmental preservation.

Public Awareness: Educating the public about the importance of wastewater treatment and the role of individual actions in reducing water pollution is crucial for gaining community support and participation in sustainable practices.

Future Directions in Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Innovative Technologies: The development of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence for smart monitoring, and nanotechnology for contaminant removal, promises to enhance treatment efficiency and reduce operational costs.

Decentralized Treatment Solutions: Decentralized wastewater treatment systems, such as green infrastructure and constructed wetlands, offer effective solutions for small communities or rural areas, reducing the need for extensive infrastructure.

Policy and Regulation Improvements: Updating regulations to include stricter effluent standards and incentivizing the adoption of advanced technologies can drive progress towards more sustainable wastewater management practices.

Community Involvement: Engaging communities in water conservation efforts, such as water-efficient appliances and waste reduction programs, can complement municipal treatment efforts and contribute to overall water quality improvement.

Conclusion

Municipal wastewater treatment is vital for environmental preservation, protecting water quality, and ensuring sustainable urban development. As urban populations continue to grow, integrating advanced treatment technologies and promoting efficient management practices will be essential for mitigating the impact of wastewater on our ecosystems. By adopting innovative solutions, fostering public awareness, and implementing robust regulations, communities can achieve cleaner, healthier water environments for generations to come.

[kopaydewatering123]

Título: Mejorando la Eficiencia y Sostenibilidad: El Papel de las Máquinas de Deshidratación de Tornillo

Introducción

En industrias que van desde plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales hasta instalaciones de procesamiento de alimentos, la deshidratación eficiente juega un papel crucial en el manejo de lodos y aguas residuales. Los métodos tradicionales a menudo luchan por lograr los niveles deseados de eliminación de agua mientras mantienen la rentabilidad y la sostenibilidad ambiental. Sin embargo, los avances tecnológicos han llevado al desarrollo de máquinas de deshidratación de tornillo, ofreciendo una solución convincente a estos desafíos.

La Necesidad de una Deshidratación Eficiente

La deshidratación es un paso crítico en varios procesos industriales, con el objetivo de separar el agua de los sólidos de manera eficiente. Sin una deshidratación efectiva, las industrias enfrentan problemas como costos de transporte elevados, reducción de la eficiencia del proceso y preocupaciones ambientales. Comprender los principios subyacentes de los procesos de deshidratación resalta la importancia de adoptar técnicas avanzadas como la deshidratación de tornillo.

1.1 Comprender los Procesos de Deshidratación

Una deshidratación efectiva es esencial para minimizar el contenido de agua en los lodos y las corrientes de aguas residuales, facilitando su posterior eliminación o reutilización. Los métodos tradicionales, como la centrifugación y la prensa de bandas, a menudo no logran alcanzar el nivel deseado de reducción de humedad. Estos métodos pueden requerir altos consumos de energía y producir tasas de recuperación de sólidos más bajas, lo que conlleva ineficiencias operativas.

1.2 Desafíos en los Métodos Tradicionales de Deshidratación

Los métodos de deshidratación convencionales presentan varios desafíos que obstaculizan su eficacia y sostenibilidad. El alto consumo de energía, la recuperación limitada de sólidos y la necesidad de aditivos químicos están entre las principales desventajas. Además, estos métodos pueden tener dificultades para manejar diferentes tipos de lodos o adaptarse a condiciones de proceso fluctuantes, lo que plantea más desafíos operativos.

Las Ventajas de las Máquinas de Deshidratación de Tornillo

Las máquinas de deshidratación de tornillo ofrecen una alternativa convincente a los métodos tradicionales, abordando muchas de las limitaciones asociadas con enfoques convencionales. Al aprovechar los principios de compresión mecánica y deshidratación, las prensas de tornillo pueden lograr tasas de recuperación de sólidos más altas, reducir el consumo de energía y minimizar la necesidad de aditivos químicos.

2.1 Eliminación Eficiente de Agua

Las máquinas de deshidratación de tornillo destacan en la eliminación eficiente de agua de lodos y corrientes de aguas residuales. La compresión mecánica ejercida por el tornillo facilita la separación del agua de los sólidos, lo que resulta en niveles más bajos de humedad en comparación con otros métodos. Esta eficiencia se traduce en menores costos de transporte y un menor impacto ambiental.

2.2 Versatilidad en Aplicaciones

Una de las ventajas notables de las máquinas de deshidratación de tornillo es su versatilidad para manejar varios tipos de lodos y aguas residuales. Ya sea que se trate de lodos de aguas residuales municipales, subproductos industriales o residuos de procesamiento de alimentos, las prensas de tornillo pueden deshidratar eficazmente una amplia gama de materiales. Esta versatilidad las hace adecuadas para diversas aplicaciones en diferentes industrias.

2.3 Rentabilidad

Además de su eficiencia y versatilidad, las máquinas de deshidratación de tornillo ofrecen soluciones rentables para el manejo del agua. Al reducir el consumo de energía y minimizar la necesidad de aditivos químicos, estas máquinas ayudan a reducir los costos operativos y mejorar la rentabilidad general. Además, su diseño robusto y sus requisitos mínimos de mantenimiento contribuyen a ahorros de costos a largo plazo.

Cómo Funcionan las Máquinas de Deshidratación de Tornillo

Las máquinas de deshidratación de tornillo operan según el principio de compresión mecánica, utilizando un tornillo sin fin rotativo para ejercer presión sobre el lodo o el agua residual. A medida que el lodo avanza a través de la prensa, la presión creciente exprime el agua, lo que resulta en sólidos más secos y una corriente de efluente más concentrada. La operación continua y las características de automatización mejoran aún más la eficiencia y la facilidad de uso.

3.1 Principios Mecánicos

El diseño de las máquinas de deshidratación de tornillo está optimizado para maximizar la eficiencia de la deshidratación mientras se minimiza el consumo de energía. La geometría del tornillo sin fin y la configuración de las cámaras de prensa juegan un papel crucial en la obtención de una compresión y eliminación de agua óptimas. Además, los avances en materiales y técnicas de fabricación han llevado a diseños de tornillo más duraderos y confiables.

3.2 Mecanismos de Operación

Las máquinas de deshidratación de tornillo están diseñadas para funcionar de manera continua, permitiendo el procesamiento ininterrumpido de lodos y corrientes de aguas residuales. Las características de automatización, como el control de velocidad variable y los sistemas automáticos de alimentación de lodo, optimizan el rendimiento y minimizan la intervención del operador. Esto garantiza un rendimiento de deshidratación consistente mientras se reduce el riesgo de tiempo de inactividad o interrupciones en el proceso.

Consideraciones Clave al Elegir una Máquina de Deshidratación de Tornillo

Seleccionar la máquina de deshidratación de tornillo adecuada

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[sreejyothi]

https://elysianindustries.com/sequential-batch-reactor/

[puroxipurewater]

How Do Municipal Drinking Water Treatment Systems Work?

One of the significant roles of municipalities worldwide is to provide clean and safe water to residences and businesses. Municipal drinking water treatment systems operate at the heart of developing raw water from natural sources into safe, potable water. These systems are among the most closely monitored, and they involve multi-step processes to eliminate contaminants and make the water safe for drinking.

[aquariusindia]

Aquarius Projects | Innovative Wastewater Solutions & Equipment

Aquarius Projects provides wastewater solutions & equipment for water treatment facilities, industries & municipalities focusing on efficiency & sustainability

[lakesideequipmentcorporation]

Efficient Wastewater Screening And Equipment Demystified

Find out how wastewater bar screen equipment functions and why it's crucial for water treatment systems. Explore the diverse sizes, depths, and designs available to suit various needs and budgets. Learn how this key component ensures effective water treatment. Dive into the world of wastewater screening equipment today!

[digitalshree]

Harnessing Efficiency and Sustainability: The Multi-Plate Screw Press Revolution

Introduction:

In the realm of wastewater treatment and sludge dewatering, the multi-plate screw press has emerged as a transformative technology, offering a highly efficient and sustainable solution to the challenges posed by traditional methods. This innovative press has become a key player in enhancing dewatering processes across various industries, optimizing resource utilization, and minimizing environmental impact.

Understanding the Multi-Plate Screw Press:

The Multi-Plate Screw Press is a mechanical sludge dewatering technology designed to efficiently remove water content from sludge, resulting in a higher solid content and reduced volume. The system comprises multiple filtration plates with alternating fixed and movable rings, forming a series of channels for sludge dewatering.

Operational Mechanism:

The press operates on a continuous process where sludge is fed into the system and the screw gradually transports it through the plates. As the sludge progresses, the pressure increases, causing water to be expelled through the gaps between the plates. This mechanism ensures a consistent and reliable dewatering process, yielding dry, cake-like sludge with minimal water content.

Key Advantages of a Multi-Plate Screw Press:

a. High Efficiency: The press achieves high levels of dewatering efficiency, leading to a significant reduction in sludge volume. This not only facilitates easier disposal but also lowers transportation costs.

b. Compact Design: Compared to conventional dewatering equipment, the Multi-Plate Screw Press boasts a compact design, making it suitable for installations with space constraints. It offers a space-efficient solution without compromising on performance.

c. Energy Efficiency: The system requires lower energy input compared to other dewatering methods, contributing to reduced operational costs and a smaller environmental footprint. The screw press operates with low-speed rotation, minimizing wear and tear.

d. Minimal Maintenance: The design simplicity of the multi-plate screw press translates into reduced maintenance requirements. The robust construction ensures durability, and the wear-and-tear components are easily replaceable, resulting in a longer operational lifespan.

e. Odor Control: The dewatering process of the Multi-Plate Screw Press is enclosed, preventing the release of unpleasant odors associated with sludge treatment. This feature enhances its applicability in urban environments and areas sensitive to odor issues.

Applications Across Industries:

The versatility of the Multi-Plate Screw Press makes it applicable across various industries, including municipal wastewater treatment, food and beverage, pulp and paper, and industrial wastewater treatment. Its adaptability to different sludge types and consistency make it a valuable asset in diverse operational settings.

Environmental Sustainability:

As societies increasingly focus on sustainable practices, the Multi-Plate Screw Press aligns with these goals by optimizing resource utilization and minimizing environmental impact. Its energy efficiency, reduced chemical usage, and ability to produce a drier sludge contribute to a more sustainable approach to sludge management.

[probablyasocialecologist]

When Israel severed electricity to Gaza, the desalination plants all shut down. So did the wastewater treatment stations. That has left the entire territory without running water. People buy dwindling jugs from municipal sanitation stations, scour for bottles in supermarkets or drink whatever fetid liquid may dribble out of their pipes. Quenching thirst has become more difficult in the past day, even for those with means to shell out for bottled water. It took 35-year-old Noor Swirki two hours on Saturday to find a box of six bottles she will try to stretch throughout the coming days. She took her first shower in a week Saturday, using a cup of polluted tap water and splashing it over her husband and two children before rubbing the remaining moisture on her skin. “We are here without anything, even the most basic thing,” she said, shouting over the persistent noise of crying children in the U.N. shelter in southern Khan Younis, where she sought refuge after an airstrike demolished her Gaza City apartment. “We’re worried about our safety in the bombing and now there’s this other issue of survival.” She and six other Palestinians interviewed across Gaza said they drink no more than half a liter of water a day. They said they urinate once a day or every other day.

[turtlesandfrogs]

Started the day by reading this article from the NY times, and I'm frankly, disturbed.

Some highlights:

"For decades, farmers across America have been encouraged by the federal government to spread municipal sewage on millions of acres of farmland as fertilizer. It was rich in nutrients, and it helped keep the sludge out of landfills."

Which I knew, and I knew that there were concerns about contaminants from like, the medications people were on. But human waste is part of the nutrient cycle, and it always made sense to me that it should be throughly composted and returned to agricultural lands, and I assumed that people in general were taking the steps necessary to make it safe.

But here's what I didn't know:

"The 1972 Clean Water Act had required industrial plants to start sending their wastewater to treatment plants instead of releasing it into rivers and streams, which was a win for the environment but also produced vast new quantities of sludge that had to go somewhere."

Which, yay, no longer polluting bodies of water, but now that means we're applying industrial waste water to agricultural lands. And have been since 1972. Which leads to this situation, among many others, I'm sure:

"The sludge that allegedly contaminated the Colemans’ farm came from the City of Fort Worth water district, which treats sewage from more than 1.2 million people, city records show. Its facility also accepts effluent from industries including aerospace, defense, oil and gas, and auto manufacturing. Synagro takes the sludge and treats it (though not for PFAS, as it’s not required by law) then distributes it as fertilizer."

So here's what some states are doing:

"In Michigan, among the first states to investigate the chemicals in sludge fertilizer, officials shut down one farm where tests found particularly high concentrations in the soil and in cattle that grazed on the land. This year, the state prohibited the property from ever again being used for agriculture. Michigan hasn’t conducted widespread testing at other farms, partly out of concern for the economic effects on its agriculture industry.

In 2022, Maine banned the use of sewage sludge on agricultural fields. It was the first state to do so and is the only state to systematically test farms for the chemicals. Investigators have found contamination on at least 68 of the more than 100 farms checked so far, with some 1,000 sites still to be tested.

“Investigating PFAS is like opening Pandora’s box,” said Nancy McBrady, deputy commissioner of Maine’s Department of Agriculture."

This is fun:

"The E.P.A. is currently studying the risks posed by PFAS in sludge fertilizer (which the industry calls biosolids) to determine if new rules are necessary.

The agency continues to promote its use on cropland, though elsewhere it has started to take action. In April, it ordered utilities to slash PFAS levels in drinking water to near zero and designated two types of the chemical as hazardous substances that must be cleaned up by polluters. The agency now says there is no safe level of PFAS for humans...

It’s difficult to know how much fertilizer sludge is used nationwide, and E.P.A. data is incomplete. The fertilizer industry says more than 2 million dry tons were used on 4.6 million acres of farmland in 2018. And it estimates that farmers have obtained permits to use sewage sludge on nearly 70 million acres, or about a fifth of all U.S. agricultural land."

There's more, but I wanted to condense it at least a little bit. I am glad we're raising awareness, and I'm glad we're starting to regular the amount in our drinking water, and I hope that we'll find a way to actually deal with PFAS. I am so frustrated that people are exposed in the first place, and in nigh inescapable ways.

Also, to all those people who were like, oh, organic isn't at all healthier for consumers? Guess what the organic standards don't allow to be applied?

[solutionsforaquaculture]

Challenges and Solutions in Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Municipal wastewater treatment is essential for protecting public health and the environment by removing contaminants from sewage and industrial wastewater before it is discharged back into water bodies. However, the process faces numerous challenges that impact its efficiency, sustainability, and overall effectiveness. This article explores key challenges encountered in municipal wastewater treatment and discusses innovative solutions to address these issues.

Challenges in Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Aging Infrastructure:

Challenge: Many wastewater treatment plants and networks are outdated, leading to inefficiencies and increased maintenance costs.

Impact: Higher risk of system failures, increased energy consumption, and potential environmental risks from untreated or inadequately treated wastewater.

Emerging Contaminants:

Challenge: Pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and industrial chemicals are increasingly found in wastewater, challenging conventional treatment processes.

Impact: Limited removal efficiency, potential ecological harm, and concerns about public health impacts from trace contaminants in water supplies.

Nutrient Pollution:

Challenge: Excess nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater can cause eutrophication in receiving water bodies, leading to algal blooms and oxygen depletion.

Impact: Harmful impacts on aquatic ecosystems, drinking water quality issues, and regulatory compliance challenges.

Energy Consumption and Carbon Footprint:

Challenge: Wastewater treatment is energy-intensive, contributing to high operational costs and carbon emissions.

Impact: Increased environmental footprint, financial strain on utilities, and challenges in achieving sustainability goals.

Climate Change Impacts:

Challenge: Changing weather patterns, including increased precipitation and droughts, affect wastewater treatment plant operations and infrastructure resilience.

Impact: Elevated risks of flooding and overflow events, compromised treatment efficiency, and higher operational costs for adaptation measures.

Innovative Solutions

Advanced Treatment Technologies:

Solution: Implementing advanced membrane bioreactors (MBRs), oxidation processes, and UV disinfection systems to enhance pollutant removal efficiency.

Benefits: Improves water quality, reduces environmental impact, and supports water reuse initiatives.

Resource Recovery and Reuse:

Solution: Incorporating anaerobic digestion for biogas production, nutrient recovery technologies, and water reuse strategies.

Benefits: Generates renewable energy, reduces nutrient pollution, and promotes circular economy principles.

Smart Monitoring and Automation:

Solution: Deploying real-time monitoring systems, data analytics, and AI-driven technologies to optimize plant performance and energy efficiency.

Benefits: Enhances operational control, reduces energy consumption, and facilitates predictive maintenance.

Green Infrastructure and Nature-Based Solutions:

Solution: Integrating constructed wetlands, green roofs, and permeable pavements to manage stormwater runoff and treat wastewater closer to the source.

Benefits: Enhances urban resilience, improves water quality, and provides additional ecosystem services.

Policy and Regulatory Support:

Solution: Establishing robust regulatory frameworks that promote innovation, sustainability, and compliance with water quality standards.

Benefits: Ensures consistency in wastewater management practices, encourages investment in modernization, and supports environmental stewardship.

Conclusion

Addressing the challenges in municipal wastewater treatment requires a multifaceted approach that combines technological innovation, policy support, and community engagement. By adopting advanced treatment technologies, promoting resource recovery, integrating smart monitoring systems, and embracing green infrastructure solutions, municipalities can enhance the efficiency, sustainability, and resilience of their wastewater treatment systems. These efforts not only protect public health and the environment but also contribute to a more sustainable future where clean water is accessible to all.

[covid-safer-hotties]

Also preserved in our archive

By Tamino Dreisam

The World Socialist Web Site previously described Germany’s 2025 federal budget as a “war budget dictated by capital.” While billions are being spent on armaments and arms packages for Ukraine and Israel, vast cuts are being made to health and social services, including the planned cancellation of epidemic wastewater monitoring for COVID-19 and other pathogens.

The “Wastewater Monitoring for Epidemiological Situation Assessment” (Amelag) went into operation in 2022 and examines wastewater samples from up to 175 sewage treatment plants nationwide, searching for gene copies of coronaviruses on a weekly basis. Even if it is not possible to determine the exact incidence rate, Amelag provides information on whether the infection rate is growing or declining and where outbreaks are occurring. Waves of infection can also be recognised at an early stage.

Especially since the abolition of mandatory personal testing and all other coronavirus protection measures, wastewater monitoring is one of the most informative tools for determining the status of the pandemic. The planned abolition of this vital public health program illustrates the aggression and criminality with which the ruling class is enforcing the “forever COVID” policy. It not only spreads the lie that the pandemic is over, it also seeks to eliminate all data that proves the opposite.

Amelag’s federal funding expires at the end of the year and there are no plans to extend it. A spokesperson for Health Minister Karl Lauterbach (Social Democrat, SPD) confirmed: “Unfortunately, no funds for the continuation of wastewater surveillance could be included in the government’s draft federal budget for the time being.” Although attempts were being made “in the course of parliamentary deliberations to obtain funding for continuation,” it is quite clear that these are just empty phrases. In government questions in the Bundestag (parliament), Lauterbach attempted to shift the funding to the municipalities, which are already in debt as it stands. “The federal government is not responsible for every sensible expenditure,” he explained.

Last year, Lauterbach announced the cancellation of funding for research into Long Covid and the development of therapies and medicines to combat it. The cut from €100 million to €21 million was justified with claims of a “tight budget situation.” He thus made it clear where this cancelled money was going: into military armaments, the only area of the budget to be significantly increased. With regard to the continued operation of Amelag, the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) public health body explained that only €5 million per year would be necessary—that is, 0.8 percent of the sum of Germany’s most recent military support package for Ukraine.

A petition addressed to the Federal Ministry of Health on change.org under the title “Stop the end of AMELAG! Germany needs modern epidemiology” already has over 4,500 signatures. It explains: “Modern epidemiological surveillance is based on collecting data as quickly, comprehensively and unbureaucratically as possible. As the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic shows, modern surveillance systems are more necessary than ever in a globalised world affected by the overexploitation of natural resources.” The petition goes on to castigate the government’s abolition of all measures, noting, “Contrary to the experience of modern medicine, for the first time in human history we are relying on individual responsibility to overcome a pandemic.”

Many signatories of the petition write in their explanatory statement that the COVID-19 pandemic is not over and that they themselves have already fallen ill with Long Covid.

Just how drastic the situation is, is also shown by the figures for the rising autumn coronavirus wave. According to the RKI’s latest weekly report on acute respiratory illnesses (ARI), 7.4 million people are currently suffering from acute respiratory diseases—a particularly high level for this time of year. COVID-19 directly accounts for around 22 percent of these. However, it is quite clear that the unhindered spread of COVID in recent months and years has weakened the immune systems of millions of people. As a result, they also fall ill more easily with other forms of ARI.

COVID-19 currently accounts for 17 percent of the number of severe ARI cases, although there are clear age differences, with COVID-19 accounting for 30 percent of severe respiratory illnesses in the over-80 age group.

Wastewater levels of COVID have sharply increased since mid-September. Last week, 239,000 gene copies per litre of wastewater were measured, while in the previous week the figure was 185,000. The viral load has doubled in the last four weeks. According to GrippeWeb, which collects data on the incidence of infection based on information from a test group of volunteers, the estimated COVID incidence is currently around 1,100.

The number of hospitalisations is also rising slightly and now stands at a 7-day incidence of four hospitalisations per 100,000 inhabitants. The number of deaths rose to 129 last week, compared to around 80 per week in the previous weeks.

The dominant variant is currently KP.3.1.1, which accounts for 41 percent of infections. The recombinant sublines now account for 27 percent, with virologists estimating that XEC has around twice the growth advantage of KP.3.1.1 and will be the dominant variant in winter.

In the UK, British GP Helen Wall reported in a recent interview with the Manchester Evening News that she has observed a difference between XEC and previous infections in her practice. Anyone infected with this variant should be prepared to feel “knocked out.” She explained: “Previous symptoms were more like cough and cold symptoms, but at the moment Covid seems to be really knocking people out.”

The long-term effects of COVID-19 are also being increasingly discussed. Broadcaster SWR recently published a report on the first anniversary of the post-COVID outpatient clinic in Mainz. The internist interviewed, Christoph Lembens, reports that more than 1,000 patients had already been treated in these twelve months. The appointment diary was still fully booked well into next spring.

Lembens estimates that around a fifth of his patients have not recovered from their COVID infections. This not only affects older people with previous illnesses, but also many younger people. Those affected suffer from exhaustion and fatigue. Some of them also have severe circulatory fluctuations, for example an extreme drop in blood pressure as soon as they stand up, which can lead to their simply falling over.

For many, it gets even worse: they may also have major muscular problems, so that some sufferers are dependent on a wheelchair. Many have cognitive impairments, including “brain fog,” making it extremely difficult to concentrate or memorise things.

These reports illustrate the criminal nature of the ruling class “forever COVID” policy, which has condemned hundreds of millions globally to suffer long-term damage to their health so that profits continue to flow.

[everydreamhome]

Thomas Hawk

East Bay Municipal Utility District Wastewater Treatment Plant, Oakland, California

[galerymod]

Wow, what a cool and sustainable structure in the desert.

In a country that will soon have no water left, a construction project of this size is a contempt for the circumstances and a complete denial of the reality of the present.

mod

We look at the world and are in harmony with ourselves and also say what we see:

Just do it if you get money for it somehow our civilisation must leave a few spectacular ruins on this exploited planet as riddles.

There was something about drinking water, wasn't there?

For thousands of years, people have come to quench their thirst at the springs of Tayma in north-eastern Saudi Arabia. Thanks to the water, proud cities sprang up in the middle of the desert, mentioned by the Assyrians as early as the eighth century BC and important enough for the prophet Jeremiah to include them in his apocalyptic threats. But it took another 2,500 years for his prophecy to be fulfilled - with the help of the Saudi Arabian government.

No water now flows between the palm trees; most of Tayma's springs have dried up. Not only here, but all the oases on the Arabian Peninsula are threatened by the same fate.

Water

Saudi Arabia has wadis, but no rivers and only two small lakes.

Saudi Arabia had a supply of 500 km³ of fossil water under its deserts. In recent decades, this supply has been tapped and largely used up as drinking water for the population, which has increased from 4 million to almost 35 million, and for agriculture in the desert. The aim of agriculture was to reduce the country's dependence on food imports. However, due to the scarcity of precipitation, groundwater recharge is either impossible or only possible to a very limited extent. In 2020, agriculture consumed around two-thirds of the water used, 80 percent of which came from fossil water sources. Previously, agriculture in the desert was significantly restricted. In 2018, a ban on the cultivation of water-intensive green fodder crops came into force, whereupon water use in agriculture almost halved by 2020, from 21.2 billion m³ to 10.7 billion m³. Efforts are being made to curb the increase in municipal consumption, including by renovating the often leaky pipes and expanding wastewater treatment plants.

In 2018, about 50% of drinking water came from seawater desalination plants, mostly operated by the state-owned Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC), 40% from non-renewable fossil water supplies and 10% from surface water in mountainous areas.

Wikipedia

Note:

To produce one cubic metre of C25/30 strength class concrete, approximately 300 kg of cement, 180 l of water and 1890 kg of aggregates are required.

And there it is again: the topic of water (180 litres). Well, good luck generating water.

[puroxipurewater]

Municipal Drinking Water Treatment | Municipal Wastewater Equipment

Industrial wastewater treatment is an important process that helps protect the environment and human health. Municipal Wastewater Equipment is the process of ejecting the harmful pollutants from wastewater. Municipal water treatment requires reliable and safe processes to ensure communities benefit from constant quality services.

[magz]

Palestine Summary July 16 to July 17, 2024. From LetsTalkPalestine. 

Related Helpful Links: [LetsTalkPalestine LinkTree Links (including vetted information sources)] [gazafunds.com] [eSims for Gaza] [UNRWA] [Decolonize Palestine, learning basics and debunking myths]

Quote Under ReadMore:

July 16

Day 284

‼️ Israel massacred 23+ people & injured 73 in attack on UN school in Nuseirat housing displaced people. The 6th UN school Israel bombed in past 10 days, escalating attacks on displacement shelters w/ 1.9m displaced. Continued airstrikes on central, hitting home housing 70 people in az-Zawayda killing 7 & home in Nuseirat killing 2

🇵🇸 49 Palestinians killed, 69 injured in Gaza in 24 hours

‼️ Israel killed a Palestinian with Down syndrome & autism, he was mauled by an army dog & IOF then ordered his family out the home leaving him alone with soldiers where his body was recovered a week later

🇵🇸 Israel attacked tents in Attar area of “safe zone” al-Mawasi, killing 17 incl. 4 kids & 26 injured days after massacring 90 in al-Mawasi

💧 700,000 in Deir el-Balah face water crisis as wastewater treatment stops due to lack of fuel from Israel’s aid blockade

🇵🇸 West Bank: IOF shot & killed a Palestinian in el-Bireh; shot & injured 2 Palestinians in Nablus

July 17

Day 285

‼️ Deadly week for Gaza as Israel killed 470+. 81 Palestinians killed, 198 injured in Gaza in 24 hours

🇵🇸 Israeli shelling near school in Gaza City killed 9 incl. 3 kids

🇺🇸 US bans entry of ex-IOF sergeant & immediate family for executing Palestinian in West Bank, 1st US sanction for an IOF act

🇵🇸 Israel released 13 Palestinian hostages incl. an elderly woman & a reporter, testimony of being “subject to all kinds of torture, hunger, and humiliation”

🇵🇸 Israel targeted a mosque in Nuseirat killing 2 & injuring 15

💧 Israeli-run Jerusalem municipality neglect Palestinian neighborhoods causing water crisis w/ only 4-12 hours of running water a week

🚢 US $230m aid pier fails after 2-months & only operated for 20 days

🇵🇸 West Bank: IOF infiltrate Jenin by hiding in civilian truck w/ Palestinian license plate. Raided Nablus firing live ammunition & tear gas injuring a 19 y/o

🇱🇧 Israel killed 3 kids in strike on south Lebanon