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novelemporiumonline · 2 years ago

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Explore the Antique coins of India

Introduction Of Antique coins of India :

India has a rich and diverse history of coinage, dating back to ancient times. The earliest known antique coins in India were the punch-marked coins, which were minted in the 6th century BCE. These antique rare coins were made by punching various symbols and marks onto silver or copper coins.

Over time, several other types of coins were introduced in India, Antique Indian coins value is more such as cast coins, die-struck coins, and hammered coins. Some of the most notable antique coins of India include:

Kushan coins:

The Kushan Empire, which existed from the 1st to 3rd century CE, minted some of the most beautiful and intricate coins in India. These coins featured images of the ruling king, as well as depictions of deities such as Shiva and Buddha.

Gupta coins:

The Gupta Empire, which ruled from the 4th to 6th century CE, minted some of the most sophisticated coins in India. These coins featured images of the ruling king, as well as depictions of various gods and goddesses.

Mughal coins:

The Mughal Empire, which existed from the 16th to 19th century CE, produced some of the most elaborate and detailed coins in India. These coins were often made of gold or silver and featured images of the reigning emperor, as well as verses from the Quran.

Maratha coins:

The Maratha Empire, which existed from the 17th to 19th century CE, produced several unique coins that featured images of Maratha warriors and rulers, as well as Hindu deities.

British India coins:

During the colonial era, the British Empire introduced several coins in India, such as the rupee and anna. These coins often featured images of British monarchs and important figures.

Antique coins for sale in India can be found in museums and private collections around the world. Antique coin buyers Collectors and enthusiasts often seek out these coins for their historical and artistic value.

In End:

However, it is important to ensure that the coins are obtained from reputable sources of antique stores online and available for buying and selling be aware of legal regulations surrounding their trade and sale. Overall, Antique coins sell online and the antique coins of India are a fascinating and important part of the country's cultural heritage.

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houseofeleganceindia · 3 years ago

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Chanderi Fabric - Origin and Qualities

India has always been known all over the world for its diverse and unique fabrics of superior quality. Among them, Chanderi fabric is one of the many traditional and ethnic fabrics that are still very famous in India. This particular fabric maintains the traditional weaving techniques and is done in old-fashioned cotton yarns.

However, the motif design on the Chanderi fabric has gone through some significant changes over the years. There used to be floral patterns, peacocks and ancient coin patterns in the Chanderi cotton silk saree according to the tradition. But now, modern geometric shapes are also seen in the Chanderi fabric clothing materials. Although some aspects of this historical fabric have seen some changes, there is one thing that remains unchanged, the popularity of Chanderi fabric. So, let’s look behind to know about the origin of this popular fabric.

Origin

According to popular belief, the origin of Chanderi fabric can be traced back to the seventh century BC, but more credible sources claim that it originated in the eleventh century AD. It originated from a small town in Madhya Pradesh called Chanderi. As is evident, the name of the fabric has been derived from the name of the town itself. In the beginning, it was woven manually with hand-spun cotton to make turbans for Maratha rulers. In bygone times, the Chanderi fabric was considered a symbol of royalty as it was preferred by the kings and queens.

The town of Chanderi is a town of looms. There are over 3,500 looms in the town and those are mostly owned by the locals. They purchase raw materials from different traders in India, as well as abroad. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the weavers started using mill-made cotton as hand-spun cotton was no longer available in the quantity that was necessary. In 1910, Chanderi sarees were brought under the royal patronage of the Scindia family and from then on, Chanderi sarees with gold motifs became a popular choice among the royal queens. In 1970 again, a new variant of Chanderi fabric came into existence with the fusion of silk and cotton fabrics. This is, in fact, the most commonly available Chanderi fabric in today’s time.

Qualities

Chanderi fabric is known for its lightweight, glossy texture and illustrious drape. This is especially visible in the Chanderi cotton silk saree that is quite a popular choice among Indian women. The fabric is manufactured by weavers who have been in this profession for generations. They weave it with fine expertise as they are highly experienced in the profession. Apart from the sarees, you can also find Chanderi silk suits online that are made with equally fine Chanderi fabric. Now, let’s discuss the best qualities of Chanderi fabric.

Chanderi fabric is woven by three different kinds of threads: cotton, silk and zari. These threads are woven using traditional looms.

One of the distinctive features of Chanderi fabric clothes is the motif. These buttis and motifs are handwoven on the fabric with special needles. The artisans create these motifs or ‘buttis’ with gold, silver or copper zaris. The motifs usually feature natural elements like flowers, birds and ancient coin patterns.

Another unique quality of this fabric is its transparency. Chanderi fabric achieves its transparency due to its non-degumming of raw yarn. The transparency found in this fabric cannot be found in any other textile product in the country.

Chanderi fabric consists of three different types of fabrics: Pure Chanderi silk fabrics, Chanderi cotton fabrics, and Chanderi silk cotton fabrics.

Due to its light weight and fine transparency, this fabric is especially adored by fashion designers. The fabric is very delicate and features alluring designs. This is why this fabric has regained popularity in the contemporary period.

As Chanderi is a very versatile fabric, it always remains fashionable. Also, due to its softness and light weight, Chanderi is a skin-friendly fabric as well. To find Chanderi sarees and Chanderi silk suits online, you should visit the House of Elegance website. House of Elegance hosts an impressive collection of Chanderi suits and sarees at excellent prices. Moreover, they guarantee the authentic quality of Chanderi fabric and offer a plethora of options in Chanderi fabric clothing materials.

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goldeagleprice · 4 years ago

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Coinage of Awadh Princely State

Awadh was a Princely State during the British rule in India. The Political unity of Awadh can be traced back to the ancient kingdom of Kosala with Ayodhya as its capital. The region is located in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is ruled by different dynasties like Delhi Sultanate, Mughal Empire, East India Company, and the British. Nawab of Awadh is the title of the ruler who has governed the state of Awadh during the 18th and 19th Centuries. The history of Awadh depicts that in 1720, Muhammad Amin who was popularly known as Saadat Khan the Wazir of the Mughal Empire was made the Subhedar of Awadh. His dominion expanded from the divisions of Lucknow and Faizabad and the district of Ghazipur, Banaras, and Gorakhpur. In the later period, Awadh declared its Independence towards the decline of the Mughal Empire. A mint was opened at Banaras in 1737 under the name of Muhammadabad Banaras. The mint produced coins in the name of Mughal emperors under the authority of the Nawab of Awadh. It was only in 1819 that Nawab Ghaziuddin Haidar finally started to strike coins in his own name. Soon thereafter, Awadhi coins started to feature the kingdom’s European style coat of arms. The coinage of Awadh Princely State also saw drastic and dramatic changes. So, let’s discuss and explore the history of the Coinage of Awadh Princely State.

Shuja-ud-Daula

Shuja-ud-Daula was a Nawab of Awadh from 1754 to 1775 AD. Though a minor royal, he is best known for his key roles in two definitive battles in Indian history the Third Battle of Panipat and the Battle of Buxar.

Above shown silver Rupee was issued in the reign of Shujaa-ud-Daula in the name of Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II. It was struck at Balwant Nagar (Jhansi) and depicts the Persian legend ‘Saya Fazl Ilah Hami Deen Zad Bar Haft Kishwara Muhammad Shah Alam’ on its obverse face. The reverse showed the legend ‘Sanah 3 Zarb Balwant Nagar Julus Mainamat Manus’.

Jhansi was occupied by Awadh for four years after the battle of Panipat. The coins struck under Awadh control are markedly different than the Maratha issues and also include extra inscription ‘Roshan Akhtar’ on the reverse, of which very little is seen on this coin.

Nawab Asaf-ud-Daula

The accession of Asaf-ud-Daula, the fourth Nawab Wazir of Awadh, brought a great change in Awadh politics. Under the rule of Asaf-ud- Daula, the court of Lucknow became utterly magnificent and the town of Lucknow acquired great splendor. The capital was finally shifted from Faizabad to Lucknow in 1755 which contributed to its significant growth.

The most important outcome of Asaf-ud-Daula’s consolidation of the court at Lucknow, was the emergence of a powerful Shia culture, in constant interaction with the Shia heartlands of Iran & Iraq. The increasing number of Shia emigrants from Iranian cities veritably transformed Lucknow into a great intellectual center.

An extremely rare silver rupee was issued by Nawab Asaf-ud-Daula from Anupnagar Shahabad mint in AH 1189. The obverse has a Persian legend ‘Sikka Zad Bar Haft Kishwara (Saya) Fazl Ilah Hami Deen Muhammad Shah Alam Badshah’ with AH 1189. The reverse of the coin is inscribed with the legend ‘Zarb Anupnagar Shahabad Sanah 17 Julus Mainamat Manus’ and Trishul mint mark.

Anupnagar Shahabad is perhaps the rarest mint of Awadh, known from not more than 3-4 specimens, including one in the British Museum from the RB whitehead collection. The location of this Shahabad is not certain, but it is most likely Shahabad near Qanauj. The ‘Anup Nagar’ indicates that the issue of the coins was probably linked with the powerful courtier Anup Gir Gossain, aka Himmat Bahadur, who served as an important mercenary commander in the army of the Nawab of Awadh. The mint mark of the Trishul corroborates this connection.

Nawab Saadat Ali Khan II

Nawab Saadat Ali Khan II was the second son of Nawab ‘Sauja-ud-Daula. He sat on the throne of Awadh in the year 1798 CE, after succeeding his half-nephew Mirza Wazir Ali Khan.

Saadat Ali Khan II had constructed much building; most of the buildings between the Kaiser bagh and Dilkusha were constructed by him. He also had a palace called Dilkusha Kothi which was designed and built by Sir Gore Ouseley in 1805.

This gold Mohur issued by Nawab of Awadh ‘Saadat Ali Khan II’ during the Hijri year 1227 in the name Shah Alam II.

Ghazi-ud-Din Haider

Ghazi-ud-Din Haider was the ruler of Princely State Awadh, he ruled Awadh from 1819 CE till 1827 CE. During his reign, Awadh was declared as an independent kingdom and he was conferred with the title of King by the East India Company. Ghazi-ud-Din Haider was the third son of Nawab Saadat Ali Khan and Mushir Zadi. He sat on the throne of Awadh after the death of his father in the year 1818 CE. He declared himself as independent in the year 1818 CE under the British Governor Warren Hastings.

After sitting on the throne of Awadh he issued coins in gold, silver, and copper in various denominations such as Mohur, Ashrafi, and Rupee from Muhammadabad Banaras and Lucknow mint.

The obverse of the coins usually have Persian legend ‘az fazl rab dhul muneen Ghazi-Ud-din Haider Aali nasb shah zaman zad bar seem wa zar’ with full jeem and AH and the reverse of the coin depicts Crown flanked by rampant lions holding a flag, two fish below facing upright, Regnal year, Dar-Ul-Sultanate Lucknow, Julus Mainamat Manus above, Zarb suba-e- Awadh below.

Nasir-ud-din Haider

Nasir ud din Haidar was the second king of Awadh. He was coroneted in 1827 after the death of his father Ghazi ud Din Haidar.

Nasir ud Din Haidar lived up to the title of Nawab and enjoyed the luxury of the royal house. He had a strong belief in Astrology and Astronomy, which led him to set up an observatory at Lucknow ‘Tara Wali Kothi’ or ‘Star house’ which is decorated with exceptionally good astronomical instruments.

During the reign of Nassir-ud-Din Haidar, the Awadh government started declining. The administration of the kingdom was left in the hands of Wazir Hakim Mahdi and later in the hands of Raushan-ud-Daula. However, the fight between these three came to an end in the year 1837 with Nasir ud din Haidar being poisoned by one of the members of the court.

Nasir ud din Haidar died without having any offspring. The queen’s mother, Padshah Begum, put Munna Jan on the throne, but he was not acknowledged as a member of the royal family. The British arrest both Padshah Begum and Munna Jan and arranged the accession of late Nawab Saadat Ali Khan’s son, Nasir ud Daula under the title ‘Muhammad Ali Shah’ who promised to pay to the British Government a large sum of money.

His silver rupee inscribed with the name and title of the king which read as “Sikka Zad Bar Seem Az Fazl Haq Zil Ilah Mehdi Nasiruddin Haider Badshah”. The reverse of this coin depicts ‘Crown’ flanked by rampant lions holding a flag, two upright fish below.

Muhammad Ali Shah

Muhammad Ali Shah was the third Nawab of Awadh from 1837 to 1842. He built the shrine of Hurr at Karbala.

This gold Ashrafi was issued by Muhammad Ali Shah. The obverse of a coin is inscribed with ‘Ba Jud-o-Karam Sikka Zad Dar Jahan Muhammad Ali Badshah Zaman’ with Hijri Year 1253. The reverse of a coin is inscribed with the ‘Coat of Arms’ encircled by the legend ‘Zarb Subah Awadh Dar us-Sultanat Lakhnau Julus Mainamat Manus’ with Regnal year Ahad (1).

Amjad Ali Shah

Nawab Amjad Ali Shah succeeding his father Muhammad Ali Shah, to become the province’s fourth Nawab in 1842. He was born in Lucknow on 30th January 1801. During his illustrious reign, he issued a remarkable variety of gold, silver, and copper coins from Lucknow and Muhammadabad Banaras mints. These coins were found in the denomination of Ashraf, Rupee, Falus, and their different fractions.

Muhammad Ali Shah had taken many efforts to ensure that the heir apparent received an excellent education and had therefore entrusted him to the company of religious scholars, but instead of making him an intelligent ruler, he made him a devout Muslim. Thus, he became the most religious ruler of Awadh.

He built a new bridge over Gomti and a metalled road from Lucknow to Kanpur. He also established the Hazratganj and Aminabad Bazar, major shopping markets in Lucknow.

He died in 1848 and was buried at the Imambara Sibtainabad in the western part of Hazratganj, a quarter which he had himself established.

Represented here is gold Ashrafi weighs around 10.73g, issued by Amjad Ali Shah in 1258 AH. The obverse of the coin is inscribed with Persian legend “Dar Jahan zad sikkah shahi betaid ilah zil haq Amjad Ali Shah Zaman Alam Panah” (Amjad Ali king of the universe, a refuge of the world, the shade of God, struck royal coin in the world) while the reverse of the coin depicts a crown with parasol above it and fish below, flanked by curved swords and the legend “Sanah Ahad Zarb Mulk Awadh Bait-Al-Sultanate Lucknow Julus Mainamat Manus”.

Nawab Wajid Ali Shah

Nawab Wajid Ali Shah was the last Nawab of Awadh, holding the position for 9 years from 1847 to 1856 AD. He issued coins in gold, silver, and copper from Lucknow and Muhammadabad Banaras mint. These coins are found in various denominations viz. Rupee, Ashrafi, and Falus in various fractions.

His gold Ashrafi depicts the portion of Persian legend ‘Sikka zad bar sim wa zar az fazl tayeed Ilah, Zile haq Wajid Ali Sultan Alam Badshah’ with AH date on its obverse face. The reverse of the coin depicts the coat of arm: a crown with parasol above it, flanked by mermaids holding a flag, crossed swords below and legend ‘Julus Mainamat Manus Zarb Dar-Us-Sultanate Lucknow Mulk awadh sanah’ inscribed around the circle.

Brijis Qadr

The last Padshah-e-Awadh, Brijis Qadr ruled the Awadh Princely state for a very short period. He was a son of Wajid Ali Shah.

When Brijis Qadr was proclaimed the Nawab by revolutionaries in Lakhnau, the Coins were struck in the name of Shah Alam II with mint-name ‘Subah Awadh’. His gold, silver, and copper coins were found in round and square shapes in the denomination of Ashrafi, Rupee, and Falus.

One of his gold Ashrafi was sold by the Classical Numismatic Gallery for INR 71,000. The obverse showed the Persian legend ‘Sikka Zad Bar Haft Kishwara Ilah Hami Din Muhammad Shah Alam Badshah’. The reverse of coin bore the mint name, RY, and Julus formula which read as ‘Zarb Suba Awadh Sanah 26 Julus Mainamat Manus’.

In 1856 British annexed Awadh and it was in the fertile soil of Awadh that the Great revolt of 1857 took place. Awadh along with Agra came under the same administration in 1877 and later on, in 1902 it became a part of the United Province. This blog covers some of the beautiful aspects of the Coinage of Awadh Princely State. Visit our Coin section for more detailed information. The Coinage of Awadh Princely State remained as some of the most brilliant examples of Indian coinage. Coin collectors from all over the world are fond of collecting some of these rare gems!

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shadyfaceinfluencer-blog1 · 7 years ago

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meerut online directory | meerut classified | meerut history

Meerut is a city in the Indian province of Uttar Pradesh. It is an old city with settlements going back to the Indus Valley human progress having been found in and around the region. The city lies 70 km (43 mi) upper east of the national capital New Delhi, and 453 km (281 mi) northwest of the state capital Lucknow.

Meerut is the second biggest city in the National Capital district, and starting at 2011 the 33rd most crowded urban agglomeration and the 26th most crowded city in India.[7][8] It positioned 292 of every 2006 and is anticipated to rank 242 out of 2020 in the rundown of biggest urban areas and urban zones in the world.[9] The civil zone (starting at 2001) is 141.89 km2 (54.78 sq mi)[10] with the cantonment covering 35.68 km2 (3,568.06 ha).[11] The city is one of the biggest makers of games products and the biggest maker of melodic instruments in India. The city is additionally a training center point in western Uttar Pradesh. Meerut is otherwise called the "Games City Of India". The city is well known for being the beginning stage of the 1857 defiance to British pilgrim run the show.

Origin of the word

The city may have gotten its name from 'Mayarashtra' (Sanskrit: मयराष्ट्र), the capital of the kingdom of Mayasura, Mandodari's dad and Ravana's dad-in-law. This name may have transformed to Maharashtra, Mai-dant-ka-khera, Mairaath and in the long run Meerut.

As per another adaptation, Maya(sura), being a recognized designer, got from King Yudhishthira the arrive on which the city of Meerut presently stands and he called this place Mayarashtra, a name which over the span of time ended up abbreviated to Meerut. Custom additionally has it that the city framed a piece of the domains of Mahipala, the lord of Indraprastha, and the word Meerut is related with his name

History

After the archeological unearthings at 'Vidura-ka-tila', an accumulation of a few hills named after Vidura, in 1950– 52, a site 37 km (23 miles) north-east of Meerut, it was finished up to be stays of the antiquated city of Hastinapur, the capital of Kauravas and Pandavas of Mahabharata, which was washed away by Ganges floods.

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Section of the sixth Ashoka Pillar in sandstone, with engraving or Edicts of Ashoka, in Brahmi, initially from Meerut, now in the British Museum.

Meerut additionally contained a Harappan settlement known as Alamgirpur. It was likewise the eastern-most settlement of the Indus valley civilization. Meerut had been a focal point of Buddhism in the time of Mauryan Emperor Ashoka (r. 273 BC to 232 BC.), and stays of Buddhist structures were found close to the Jama Masjid in the present day city.[19] The Ashoka Pillar, at Delhi edge, by the 'Bara Hindu Rao Hospital', close to Delhi University, was conveyed to Delhi from Meerut, by Firuz Shah Tughluq (r. 1351– 1388); it was later harmed in a 1713 blast, and reestablished in 1867.

Muslim victories and rule

In the eleventh century AD, the district toward the south-west of the city was governed by Har Dat, the Dor Rajput Raja of Bulandshahr who manufactured a fortress, which was for some time known for its quality and discovers specify in Ain-I-Akbari.[23] He was later vanquished by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1018, surrendering alongside his powers to Mahmud.[24] The noticeable neighborhood point of interest known as the Jama Masjid, dates from this period and is said to have been worked by Mahmud's vizir. Not long after its catch the city was recaptured by the neighborhood Hindu Raja and part of his fortresses, worked for the city's guard, made due until late times.[25] Muhammad of Ghor's mamluk general Qutb-ud-commotion Aybak who went ahead to set up the Delhi Sultanate in 1206, assaulted and caught Meerut in 1193.[26] After catching and sacking Delhi where a huge number of tenants were killed after a general slaughter was requested after a regular citizen uprising, Timur in 1399 assaulted and sacked Meerut. It was held by Ilyas Afghan and his child Maula Muhammad Thaneswari who were helped by non-Muslims drove by Safi. Timur attempted to arrange a surrender, to which the occupants of the fortification answered by expressing that Tarmashirin had endeavored to catch it before yet fizzled. Exasperated, he put forward with 10,000 mounted force. The powers scaled the dividers and Safi was executed in the fight. The occupants were executed and their spouses and kids oppressed. The fortresses and houses were flattened to the ground with detainees requested to be excoriated alive.

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The city at that point went under the management of the Mughal Empire and saw a time of relative tranquility.[29] During the run of Mughal Emperor, Akbar the Great (r. 1556– 1605), there was a mint for copper coins here.[19]During the decrease of the Mughal Empire, after the demise of Aurangzeb, the city came viably under the control of neighborhood chieftains, the Saiyids of Muzaffarnagar in the north, the Jats in the south-east, and the Gujars along the Ganges and in the south-west. The city saw Sikh and Maratha intrusions in the eighteenth century, with interferences by Jats and Rohillas. Walter Reinhardt, an English warrior, set up himself at Sardhana and a few sections of the locale went under his run the show. Upon his demise, they came under the control of Begum Samru. Amid this time, the southern piece of the locale had stayed under Maratha run the show.

Pioneer era

In 1803, with the fall of Delhi, Daulat Rao Scindia of the Marathas surrendered the region to the British. The city was made the base camp of the eponymous region in 1818,

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goldeagleprice · 6 years ago

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India struggles against fakes

You know counterfeit coins are a problem when the state archaeological department issues an advisory warning. The situation is so sufficiently serious, that India’s government has recently taken such action.

Bogus examples of popularly collected 17th to 19th century copper shivrai coins issued during the rule of the Marathas are being sold “in the market through portals,” according to several sources. The coins circulated through the end of the 19th century, particularly in the region of the Bombay Presidency.

Several counterfeiters are reported to be active in Gujarat and West Bengal. Assistant Director of the State Archaeology Department, Vilas Wahane, was quoted by the March 5 Pune Mirror newspaper as saying, “Because fake coins are being circulated people must crosscheck the genuineness of coins through numismatists as only they are aware of the standard weight and metal quality.”

The Numismatic Society of India, founded in 1910, has been recommended by the agency as a place where experts can check shivrai coins now appearing in the market for authenticity.

The web site NYOOOZ.com posted, “By selling fake coins we are insulting the great king,” a reference to all the Marathas kings, commonly called chhatrapati.

The March 5 NYOOOZ.com posting indicated the fake coins are uniform in appearance, with a weight of about eight grams and “quite in good shape while their thickness is less.”

Genuine shivrai coins are round, not uniform, and have a weight that can vary between about 10 to 12.21 grams. The obverse carries a Devanagari script legend that reads ‘Sri Raja Shiv.’ The reverse is also in Devanagari, the inscription honoring the reigning Maratha monarch.

Shivrai coins had very low contemporary purchasing power and, for this reason, were used extensively by commoners throughout western India. This reason is why the coins are popularly collected today by what the state archaeological department called “coin collectors and history lovers” in its warning.

Shivrai were first introduced during the reign of Shivaji Bhonsie, who established the Maratha Empire at the expense of the Adilshahi Sultanate of Bijapur in 1674. Shivaji died in 1680.

The Maratha Empire declined throughout the four decades following Shivaji’s death. At the time of the empire’s rejuvenation under the Peshwas beginning in 1720, a new series of shivrai coins called dudandi shivrai were issued. The same Devanagari inscriptions appear consistently throughout the period of this coinage.

The shivrai coins were authorized and continued by the British East India Company following Britain’s victory in the Third Anglo-Maratha War of 1817 to 1818. Shivrai were valued between 1/74 and 1/80 of a rupee prior to the 1830s. By that time there were 150 different types in use.

The BEIC shivrai coins include the Fasli year in which the coins were issued. Company coins were minted at Poona between 1820 and 1830. As the coins became increasingly obsolete during the final quarter of the 19th century they were replaced by company coins valued at 1/64 of a rupee called a pice. The shivrai coins were collected by local revenue collectors (mamlatdars) in 1885 and deposited in the treasury.

A Reverend Abbott studied about 25,000 shivrai coins about 1890, remarking the coins were still in circulation at that time.

According to the State Archaeological Department, the fakes typically sell for about 600 to 1,000 rupees (about $8.50 to $14.14 US). Genuine examples should sell for between 2,000 and 3,000 rupees (about $28 to $42.50 US). Due to the incomes in India, this is a large sum of money.

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goldeagleprice · 6 years ago

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Coinage of Tonk Princely State

A Princely State was an entity of British India that was not directly governed by British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule. British had their own monetary system but at least 125 states produced their own coinage, mainly in the period from 1800 to 1900, though the number of them continued to issue coins until 1947. Today, we will discuss and explore the history of the coinage of Tonk Princely State.

Tonk Princely state is located at the present-day border of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. It was the only state in Rajasthan which was ruled by Muslim rulers in the nineteen century. In 1817, this state signed a subsidiary alliance treaty and became a protectorate of the British. Tonk accessed to Union of India on 7th April 1949.

Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan

A long time ago in 1798, there was an adventurer and military leader of Pashtun descent from Afghanistan called ‘Amir Khan’. He rose to the position of military commander in the service of Yashwantrao Holkar of the Maratha Empire. Amir Khan received the state of Tonks from Holkar’s and later on, after the Third Anglo-Maratha war Amir accepted the British suzerainty in the year 1817 and received the title of Nawab.

During the reign, Amir Khan issued silver and copper coins in the denomination of Rupee and Paisa. These coins were issued from Sironj and Tonk mints. Represented here is Amir Khan’s silver Rupee which issued in the name of Muhammad Akbar II in 1232 AH. The Persian legend ‘Sikka Mubarak Sahib-e-Qiran Sani Muhammad Akbar Shah Badshah’ bore on the obverse face of the coin. The reverse depicts the mint name, Sanah, and Julus formula.

Muhammad Wazir Khan

Muhammad Wazir Khan was the second ruler of the princely state of Tonk. He was the eldest son of Muhammad Amir Khan whom he succeeded. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857 he allied himself with the British and repulsed rebels.

He also welcomed refugees such as artists, musicians, and writers who fled from Delhi after the Revolt of 1857 and were not able to enjoy the patronage of the Mughal rule. In this manner, the court of Tonk emerged as an important cultural and artistic centre where Mughals remnants were preserved in the best possible way.

The earliest coins of Wazir Muhammad were issued in Mughal style bearing the name of Muhammad Akbar. After 1858, coins featured the name of Queen Victoria, a reign of her majesty and Queen of the kingdom on the obverse and on the reverse bearing Nawab’s name, title and Hijri date were found.

Wazir Muhammad issued silver and copper coins during the reign. These coins were issued from Sironj and Tonk mint and represent Leaf mint mark. He died in 1864 and the throne was ascended by his eldest son Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan.

Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan

Muhammad Ali Khan became a third Nawab to rule the Tonk Princely State from 1864 to 1867 AD. He soon fell in the enemy’s trap and so British deposed and banished him from Tonk. He went to Benaras where he died in 1895. Thereafter, British government proclaimed minor son of Ali Khan, Nawab Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan under regnant of his uncle.

Muhammad Ali’s coinage followed the same pattern as their predecessor. He issued silver and copper coins from Sironj mint. These coins are found in the denomination of Paisa and Rupee. Its features Kings name and title with AH date, Leaf and Flower on its obverse face of a coin while the reverse depicts name of Victoria Empress in Persian legend.

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan was the fourth Nawab of Tonk Princely State who ruled from 1868 to 1930 AD. During Ibrahim Ali’s reign, the mint was transferred from Sironj to the capital.

He issued coins in gold, silver, and copper in different denominations and fractions from Sironj and Tonk mint. These coins were issued in the name of Queen Victoria and represent the Feather/Turban ornament as the mint mark.

The coin bears a Persian couplet in the name of Ibrahim Ali Khan on obverse which is partially visible – ‘Sikka Mubarak zad za Fazal-i- Yazdan / Ra’ees-i- Tonk Ibrahim ‘Ali Khan’ (“Struck auspicious coin by the grace of God, Ibrahim Ali Khan, the Elite (king) of Tonk”). The reverse has legend ‘Ahdi malikah muazzam sultanat inglistan wa qaiser hindustan dar al-zarb Tonk’.

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan was the Nawab of Princely state of Tonk who rule the state from 1930 to 1949 AD. He continued the reforms legacy of his father, Ibrahim Ali Khan.

Sa’adat Khan issued silver 1/8 Rupee in the name of George V. These silver Rupee usually has Persian legend ‘George V’ with AH date and leaf mint mark on its obverse and reverse bears legend ‘Muhammd Sa’adat Ali khan’ with the mint name. His copper coins are known as Pice (Paisa).

The copper Pice shown in the image was issued during his reign. The obverse of the coin depicts star within the crescent moon, crossed swords, shield with date “Sanah 1350 Hijri” below inside circle. Legend outside circle read as- “His Highness Nawab Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan Sahib Bahadur, Wali Riasat Tonk” (His Highness Nawab Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan Sahib Bahadur, Sovereign of the State, Tonk). The reverse of the coin contains legend ‘Ek Paisa’ with leaf mintmark and date ‘Sanah Iswy 1932’ within the circle. Legend outside the circle – “Bi’ahdi Mulk Muazam Qaiser-i-Hind – George Pancham” (In the time of the Honoured ruler Emperor of India – George V).

This blog covers some of the beautiful aspects of the coinage of Tonk Princely State. Visit our Coin section for more detailed information. Coinage of Tonk Princely State remained as some of the most brilliant examples of Indian coinage. Coin collectors from all over the world are fond of collecting some of these rare gems!

More blogs on the Coinage of other Princely States coming up very soon. Till then Stay tuned.

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goldeagleprice · 6 years ago

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Coinage of Tonk Princely State

Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan

Muhammad Wazir Khan

Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan was the fourth Nawab of Tonk Princely State who ruled from 1868 to 1930 AD. During Ibrahim Ali’s reign, the mint was transferred from Sironj to the capital.

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan was the Nawab of Princely state of Tonk who rule the state from 1930 to 1949 AD. He continued the reforms legacy of his father, Ibrahim Ali Khan.

More blogs on the Coinage of other Princely States coming up very soon. Till then Stay tuned.

The post Coinage of Tonk Princely State appeared first on Blog | Mintage World.

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goldeagleprice · 6 years ago

Text

Coinage of Tonk Princely State

Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan

Muhammad Wazir Khan

Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan was the fourth Nawab of Tonk Princely State who ruled from 1868 to 1930 AD. During Ibrahim Ali’s reign, the mint was transferred from Sironj to the capital.

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan was the Nawab of Princely state of Tonk who rule the state from 1930 to 1949 AD. He continued the reforms legacy of his father, Ibrahim Ali Khan.

More blogs on the Coinage of other Princely States coming up very soon. Till then Stay tuned.

The post Coinage of Tonk Princely State appeared first on Blog | Mintage World.

#Precious Metals

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goldeagleprice · 6 years ago

Text

Coinage of Tonk Princely State

Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan

Muhammad Wazir Khan

Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan was the fourth Nawab of Tonk Princely State who ruled from 1868 to 1930 AD. During Ibrahim Ali’s reign, the mint was transferred from Sironj to the capital.

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan was the Nawab of Princely state of Tonk who rule the state from 1930 to 1949 AD. He continued the reforms legacy of his father, Ibrahim Ali Khan.

More blogs on the Coinage of other Princely States coming up very soon. Till then Stay tuned.

The post Coinage of Tonk Princely State appeared first on Blog | Mintage World.

#Precious Metals

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goldeagleprice · 6 years ago

Text

Coinage of Tonk Princely State

Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan

Muhammad Wazir Khan

Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan was the fourth Nawab of Tonk Princely State who ruled from 1868 to 1930 AD. During Ibrahim Ali’s reign, the mint was transferred from Sironj to the capital.

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan was the Nawab of Princely state of Tonk who rule the state from 1930 to 1949 AD. He continued the reforms legacy of his father, Ibrahim Ali Khan.

More blogs on the Coinage of other Princely States coming up very soon. Till then Stay tuned.

The post Coinage of Tonk Princely State appeared first on Blog | Mintage World.

#Precious Metals

0 notes

goldeagleprice · 6 years ago

Text

Coinage of Tonk Princely State

Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan

Muhammad Wazir Khan

Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan was the fourth Nawab of Tonk Princely State who ruled from 1868 to 1930 AD. During Ibrahim Ali’s reign, the mint was transferred from Sironj to the capital.

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan was the Nawab of Princely state of Tonk who rule the state from 1930 to 1949 AD. He continued the reforms legacy of his father, Ibrahim Ali Khan.

More blogs on the Coinage of other Princely States coming up very soon. Till then Stay tuned.

The post Coinage of Tonk Princely State appeared first on Blog | Mintage World.

#Precious Metals

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goldeagleprice · 6 years ago

Text

Coinage of Tonk Princely State

Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan

Muhammad Wazir Khan

Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan was the fourth Nawab of Tonk Princely State who ruled from 1868 to 1930 AD. During Ibrahim Ali’s reign, the mint was transferred from Sironj to the capital.

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan was the Nawab of Princely state of Tonk who rule the state from 1930 to 1949 AD. He continued the reforms legacy of his father, Ibrahim Ali Khan.

More blogs on the Coinage of other Princely States coming up very soon. Till then Stay tuned.

The post Coinage of Tonk Princely State appeared first on Blog | Mintage World.

#Precious Metals

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goldeagleprice · 6 years ago

Text

Coinage of Tonk Princely State

Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan

Muhammad Wazir Khan

Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan was the fourth Nawab of Tonk Princely State who ruled from 1868 to 1930 AD. During Ibrahim Ali’s reign, the mint was transferred from Sironj to the capital.

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan was the Nawab of Princely state of Tonk who rule the state from 1930 to 1949 AD. He continued the reforms legacy of his father, Ibrahim Ali Khan.

More blogs on the Coinage of other Princely States coming up very soon. Till then Stay tuned.

The post Coinage of Tonk Princely State appeared first on Blog | Mintage World.

#Precious Metals

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goldeagleprice · 6 years ago

Text

Coinage of Tonk Princely State

Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan

Muhammad Wazir Khan

Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan

Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan was the fourth Nawab of Tonk Princely State who ruled from 1868 to 1930 AD. During Ibrahim Ali’s reign, the mint was transferred from Sironj to the capital.

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan

Muhammad Sa’adat Ali Khan was the Nawab of Princely state of Tonk who rule the state from 1930 to 1949 AD. He continued the reforms legacy of his father, Ibrahim Ali Khan.

More blogs on the Coinage of other Princely States coming up very soon. Till then Stay tuned.

The post Coinage of Tonk Princely State appeared first on Blog | Mintage World.

#Precious Metals

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goldeagleprice · 7 years ago

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The Legend of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Through Coins and Stamps

The period of late seventeenth century was an era of muted general discontent amongst the Hindu populace of Deccan. Rampant lawlessness, injustice and displaying of religious intolerance made the people secretly desire a liberator. A liberator finally arose. He promised the people a land to call their own, free of oppression and religious bigotry. A great warrior his name is not unknown to any Indian. History names him as Chhtrapati Shivaji Maharaj.

In 1961, India Post issued a 15 naya paisa commemorative stamp of Shivaji Maharaj riding a horse. Another commemorative stamp of Shivaji’s coronation or ‘rajya-abhishek’ was issued in 1974. This 30 paisa 1980 stamp depicts Shivaji as a regal and just ruler against the backdrop of Raigad Fort. It was issued on his 300th death anniversary. The most beautiful stamp of all is perhaps this stamp of 1999. It portrays motherly affection between young Shivaji and his mother Jijabai.

The first conquest of Shivaji Maharaj came at the age of sixteen when he seized the Fort of Torna. In the next couple of decades he successfully tackled two mightiest dynasties- the Adilshahi in the south and the Mughals in the north. He had limited resources and manpower but compensated it with his multitude of courage, brilliant acumen and Kautilya neeti of Chanakya. He established a competent and progressive civil rule with the help of disciplined military and well-structured administrative organizations. He also introduced new military tactics which pioneered in guerrilla warfare methods. He was clever enough to establish a navy to protect the coastline. Step by step Shivaji Maharaj secured the forts of the Western Ghats and Konkan coast, rising to a position of invincible leader.

When Shivaji was became Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire, special coins were minted called Shivrai or Hon. The gold, silver and copper coins bear Chhatrapati in Devnagari on one side and Shri Raja Siva on the other. The inscription in Devnagari on the coins was a huge step as the ruling powers of that period issued coins mainly in Persian. These coins remained in circulation till the end of 19th century, primarily in the Bombay Presidency region. In 1999, the Reserve Bank of India issued 2 Rupees, 50 Rupees and 100 Rupees coin portraying the bust of Shivaji in his memory.

Shivaji inaugurated a new era called the Rajyabhisheka shaka and declared Raigad as the new capital of the kingdom. In less than 40 years, he consolidated a kingdom so powerful, that it acted as a strong plinth for the Maratha Empire. The next few decades witnessed the spread of Maratha power all over the country. Though he died at a relatively young age of 52, he left behind a strong legacy that that finds its echo till today. This great ruler continues to remain a political icon. A Chhatrapati later but a Hero first, Shivaji Maharaj shall always remain the pride of India.

झनझविला भगव्याच्या समान तुम्ही,

जागविले मरगळलेले मर्द मावळे तुम्ही,

घडविले श्रीं चे स्वराज्य तुम्ही,

ऐसे श्रीमंत योगी अखंड महाराष्ट्राचे कुलदैवत,

श्री राजा शिवछञपती तुम्ही…!!

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