#MP 1650

[mybeautifulchristianjourney]

Joy for the Upright in Heart

For all those that be righteous sown is a joyful light, And gladness sown is for all those that are in heart upright. — Psalm 97:11 | Metrical Psalms 1650 (MP1650) The Metrical Psalter, © British and Foreign Bible Society 2015. All rights reserved. Cross References: Esther 8:16; Job 22:28; Psalm 4:7; Psalm 7:10; Psalm 37:6; Psalm 64:10; Psalm 112:4

Read full chapter

Notes: This verse is a beautiful and powerful statement that holds a deep meaning. It speaks to the idea that those who are righteous and have a good heart will experience joy and happiness. It suggests that the actions and attitudes of the righteous will be rewarded with light and gladness.

[asleepinawell]

just me, the numismatrix, and f.f. gerbrandt having ambiguously gendered girls' night in the lab

[atplblog]

Price: [price_with_discount] (as of [price_update_date] - Details) [ad_1] 4.5Inch ips screen, 1.2 Ghz qaud core processor, ram 1gb, internal storage 8gb, 1650 mah battery, android lollipop 5.1, Front camera 2.0 Mp, back camera 5.0 Mp 5 MP primary and 2 MP Front Cameras 4.5inch IPS screen Dual SIM 1.2 GHz qaud core processor RAM 1GB, internal storage 8GB 1650 mAh battery, Android lollipop 5.1 [ad_2]

[hato-hatoba]

Maid uniform school run ♂️ Lv.18

MP is already low, but it has decreased further.

toffee high school boy Level: 18

Attack power: 150 Defense power: 980 Max HP: 1650 Max MP: 20 Quickness: 180

Toffee:18 Current HP: 1650 Current MP:2

[jcmarchi]

Here Are The Call Of Duty: Modern Warfare III PC Specs And System Requirements

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/here-are-the-call-of-duty-modern-warfare-iii-pc-specs-and-system-requirements/

Here Are The Call Of Duty: Modern Warfare III PC Specs And System Requirements

Call of Duty: Modern Warfare III, the latest in the long-running FPS franchise and the first back-to-back sequel in years, is due out later this week, kind of. If you preorder a digital version of the game, you can play through its campaign early, starting November 2. That’s eight days before the full game’s release on November 10, which is when its multiplayer suite goes live. Ahead of that early campaign launch, publisher Activision Blizzard has released the PC specs and system requirements to play Call of Duty: Modern Warfare III. 

If you’ve played recent Call of Duty entries, you likely already know what you’re in for, and this year’s is not all that different. But if you’re new, or curious if you need to upgrade before this year’s entry, we’ve got you covered. 

[embedded content]

Call of Duty: Modern Warfare III PC Specs And System Requirement

Below, we’ll list the minimum, recommended, and 4K Ultra requirements alongside the different OS’, CPUs, and more needed to run the game. 

Minimum, Multiplayer Only: 

OS: Windows 10, 64-bit

CPU: Intel Core i3-6100 or AMD Ryzen 31200

RAM: 8GB

Storage Space: SSD with 79GB

Hi-Rez Assets Cache: Up to 32GB

Video Card: Nvidia GeForce GTX 960/GTX 1650 or AMD Radeon RX 470

Video Memory: 2GB

Minimum:

OS: Windows 10, 64-bit

CPU: Intel Core i5-5600 or AMD Ryzen 51400

RAM: 8GB

Storage Space: SSD with 149GB

Hi-Rez Assets Cache: Up to 32GB

Video Card: Nvidia GeForce GTX 960/GTX 1650 or AMD Radeon RX 470

Video Memory: 2GB

Recommended (for 60 FPS with options set to High):

OS: Windows 10, 64-bit or Windows 11, 64-bit

CPU: Intel Core i7-6700K or AMD Ryzen 5 1600X

RAM: 16GB

Storage Space: SSD with 149GB

Hi-Rez Assets Cache: Up to 32GB

Video Card: Nvidia GeForce GTX 1080Ti/RTX 3060 or AMD Radeon RX 6600XT

Video Memory: 8GB

Competitive/4K Ultra (high FPS with 4K resolution):

OS: Windows 10, 64-bit or Windows 11, 64-bit

CPU: Intel Core i7-8700K or AMD Ryzen 7 2700X

RAM: 16GB

Storage Space: SSD with 149GB

Hi-Rez Assets Cache: Up to 64GB

Video Card: Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080/RTX 4070 or AMD Radeon RX 6800XT

Video Memory: 10GB

Click to enlarge

Activision Blizzard has also listed a few notes alongside these PC specs to take into account:

Specs are valid for product at launch and may be updated in the future

All specifications require a broadband connection and DirectX12 compatibility

Additional storage space may be required for mandatory game updates

Hi-Rez assets cache is optional disk space that can be used to stream high resolution assets – that option can be turned off in the game’s settings

Only Intel/AMD processor (with AVX instruction set) are supported at this time

149GB of available space required for initial download of Modern Warfare III (78GB if COD HQ and Warzeon are already installed)

Content can be uninstalled to access COD HQ + MP only

And those are the PC specs and system requirements needed to run Call of Duty: Modern Warfare III. 

For more about the game, read Game Informer’s breakdown of everything we learned from a recent Call of Duty Next livestream, and then check out this story about how Modern Warfare III won’t be coming to Xbox Game Pass this year, even though Xbox now owns Activision Blizzard. 

Are you excited for Call of Duty: Modern Warfare III? Let us know in the comments below!

[pacosemnoticias]

16 condenados em processo de fraude fiscal com bebidas alcoólicas em Aveiro

O Tribunal de Aveiro condenou a penas de prisão suspensas e multas a 16 dos 19 arguidos num processo de fraude fiscal com bebidas alcoólicas, absolvendo três arguidos de todos os crimes.

O coletivo de juízes condenou 12 pessoas a penas que variam entre os dois anos e três anos de prisão, por um crime de introdução fraudulenta no consumo.

Estas penas ficaram suspensas pelo período de cinco anos, com a condição de os arguidos pagaram ao estado quantias entre os 16.950 euros e 25.425 euros no prazo de cinco anos.

Houve ainda uma mulher que foi condenada por um crime contra a genuinidade, qualidade ou composição de géneros alimentícios e aditivos alimentares na pena de 220 dias de multa à taxa diária de 10 euros.

Entre os arguidos estavam ainda três empresas, duas das quais foram condenadas a 400 dias de multa, à taxa diária de 10 euros, por um crime de introdução fraudulenta no consumo. A terceira foi condenada a 100 dias de multa, à taxa diária de 10 euros, por um crime contra a genuinidade, qualidade ou composição de géneros alimentícios e aditivos alimentares.

Todos os arguidos foram absolvidos do crime de fraude fiscal devido a "vicissitudes processuais", pelo facto de terem sido absolvidos do mesmo crime, num processo julgado no Tribunal Administrativo e Fiscal de Aveiro.

Dois arguidos que também respondiam por detenção de arma proibida foram absolvidos deste crime e três arguidos foram absolvidos de todos os crimes de que estavam acusados.

O tribunal absolveu ainda todos os demandados do pedido de indemnização cível deduzido pelo MP.

Os factos, ocorridos entre 2011 e 2014, prendem-se com o fabrico de álcool e de bebidas alcoólicas e a sua colocação no consumo à margem do controlo e fiscalização das autoridades, por forma a obstar ao pagamento dos impostos devidos.

A acusação do MP refere que os arguidos compravam cereais que depois transformavam em álcool, numa destilaria em Anadia, no distrito de Aveiro. Este álcool fabricado ilegalmente era depois transportado para o norte de Espanha, para ser transformado em bebidas alcoólicas, que seriam comercializadas naquele país e em território nacional.

Todo este processo terá sido feito à margem da contabilidade das empresas, estimando os investigadores que o esquema tenha rendido aos arguidos 19,3 milhões de euros em impostos por pagar, valor que o MP requereu que fosse declarado perdido a favor do Estado.

Este processo resultou da operação "Licor Ibérico", realizada em novembro de 2014 pelas autoridades portuguesas e espanholas, que culminou na detenção de seis suspeitos e na constituição de arguido de outras 10 pessoas.

No âmbito desta operação foram realizadas 30 buscas, 16 das quais domiciliárias, que conduziram à apreensão de 29 mil litros de álcool e aguardente, 1650 litros de bebidas de índole alcoólica, uma arma de fogo, 24 viaturas, 42 telemóveis e diversa documentação contabilística.

[meowmuffins7979]

Check out this listing I just added to my Poshmark closet: QVC Zuda Swim Skorts Women's Medium Petite Navy Blue Stretch Pockets Athletic.

[manishbloggistan]

Poco ने ₹10 हजार से भी कम में 50 MP कैमरे वाला अपना ये धांसू स्मार्टफोन किया लॉन्च,देखें जबरदस्त फीचर

Poco C55 Launched: प्रसिद्ध स्मार्टफोन निर्माता कम्पनी पोको (Poco) ने काफी इंतजार के बाद भारत में अपना नया स्मार्टफोन Poco C55 लॉन्च कर दिया है. Poco ने अपने इस फोन में कम कीमत में एक से बढ़कर एक शानदार फीचर्स दिया है.कंपनी का ये स्मार्टफोन की C-Series के अंतर्गत आता है.आइए आपको इस फोन के फीचर्स, स्पेसिफिकेशन और कीमत के बारे में बताते हैं.

POCO C55 Specifications

इस स्मार्टफोन की डिस्प्ले की बात करें तो फोन में 6.71 इंच (1650 x 720 पिक्सल) एचडी+ डिस्प्ले दी गई है जिसका टच सैंपलिंग रेट 120 हर्ट्ज़ है.प्रोसेसर की बात करें तो फोन में ऑक्टा-कोर मीडियाटेक हीलियो G85 12nm प्रोसेसर दिया गया है. फोन के रेम और स्टोरेज की बात करें तो फोन को 4GB + 64GB और 6GB + 128GB वेरिएंट में पेश किया गया है.स्टोरेज को माइक्रोएसडी कार्ड के जरिए 1TB तक बढ़ाया जा सकता है.

सेफ्टी के ��िए फोन में फिंगरप्रिंट सेंसर दिया गया है. फोन को डस्ट और स्प्लैश रेजिस्टेंट के लिए IP52 रेटिंग दी गई है.नए पोको फोन में ग्राफिक्स के लिए माली-G52 2EEMC2 GPU उपलब्ध है.स्मार्टफोन ऐंड्रॉयड 12 बेस्ड MIUI 13 पर संचालित होता है.

फोन में कैमरे की बात करें तो हैंडसेट में 50 मेगापिक्सल का प्राइमरी रीयर कैमरा सेंसर दिया गया है. फोटो और सेल्फी के लिए फोन में 5 मेगापिक्सल का फ्रंट कैमरा दिया गया है. स्मार्टफोन का डाइमेंशन 168.76×76.41×8.77mm और वज़न 192 ग्राम है.ये फोन एक 4G फोन है.

कीमत और ऑफर्स

स्मार्ट फोन की कीमत की बात करें तो 4GB रैम और 64GB स्टोरेज वैरीएंट की कीमत ₹9499 रखी गई है जबकि 6GB रैम और 128GB स्टोरेज वैरीएंट की कीमत ₹10999 रखी गई है.फ्लिपकार्ट पर इसे 28 फरवरी से खरीद सकते हैं.फोन पर ऑफर्स की बात करें तो स्मार्ट फोन एचडीएफसी, एसबीआई ,आईसीआई बैंक के कार्ड से खरीदने पर ₹1000 का डिस्काउंट लिया जा सकता है. वहीं 4जीबी रैम और 64GB वाले स्टोरेज वैरीएंट को सेल के पहले दिन ₹500 के डिस्काउंट के साथ खरीदा जा सकता है. स्मार्टफोन को कूल ब्लू कलर, ब्लैक और फॉरेस्ट फॉरेस्ट ग्रीन में लांच किया गया है.

[urduhindipoetry]

Xiaomi Redmi 10 Power (Sporty Orange, 8GB RAM, 128GB Storage)

Price: (as of – Details) Xiaomi Redmi 10 Power (Sporty Orange, 8GB RAM, 128GB Storage)Camera: 50 MP Primary Rear Camera with 2MP Portrait Lens| 5 MP Front cameraDisplay: HD+ (720×1650) IPS LCD Display; 17.01 centimeters(6.7 inch); 20.6:9 aspect ratioBattery: 6000 mAh large battery with 18W fast charging support(10W in-box) and Type-C connectivityMemory, Storage & SIM: 8GB RAM | 128GB UFS 2.2…

[the-paintrist]

Robert Walker - Portrait of the 1st Earl of Sandwich - 1650

Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich, KG, FRS (27 July 1625 – 28 May 1672) was an English military officer, politician and diplomat, who fought for the Parliamentarian army during the First English Civil War and was an MP at various times between 1645 and 1660. A loyal supporter of Oliver Cromwell, he was a member of the English Council of State from 1653 to 1659 and General at sea from 1656 to 1660. Following Cromwell's death in 1658, he switched allegiance and played an important role in the Restoration of Charles II in May 1660.

Created Earl of Sandwich in July 1660, he served as Ambassador to Portugal from 1661 to 1662, then Spain from 1666 to 1668, when he negotiated the 1667 Treaty of Madrid. He commanded a naval squadron in the first part of the 1665 to 1667 Second Anglo-Dutch War, being relieved of his command in 1666 after a dispute over prize money. He returned to sea during the 1672 to 1674 Third Anglo-Dutch War and was killed at the Battle of Solebay in June 1672.

Montagu is one of the best known characters of the 1660s, since he is a central figure in the diaries of Samuel Pepys, a distant cousin and naval official.

Robert Walker (1599–1658) was an English portrait painter, notable for his portraits of the "Lord Protector" Oliver Cromwell and other distinguished parliamentarians of the period. He was influenced by Van Dyck, and many of his paintings can now be found at the National Portrait Gallery, London.

[skonnaris]

Famous historical figures

A list of famous people throughout history. These famous historical figures are chosen from a range of different cultures and countries. They include famous spiritual figures, politicians and writers who have helped to shape human history.

BCE

Sri Ramachandra (c. 5114 BCE) Rama was a model king of Ayodhya who lived according to the dharma. He went to Sri Lanka to fight Ravana who had captured his wife, Sita. Rama is considered an incarnation of Vishnu in Hindu mythology.

Sri Krishna (c. BCE) – Spiritual Teacher of Hinduism. Sri Krishna gave many discourses to his disciple Arjuna on the battlefield of Kurukshetra. These discourses were written down in the Bhagavad Gita.

Ramses II (1303 BCE – 1213 BCE) – Ramses or Ramesses was the third Egyptian Pharaoh, ruling between 1279 BC – 1213 BC. Ramses the Great consolidated Egyptian power, through military conquest and extensive building.

Homer (8th Century BC) Homer is the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey. Two classics of Greek literature. His writings form a significant influence on Western literature.

Cyrus the Great (600 – 530 BC) was the founder of the Persian (Achaemenid) Empire. Cyrus conquered the empires of Media, Lydia and Babylonia, creating the first multi-ethnic state which at its peak accounted for around 40% of the global population.

Lord Buddha (c 563 – 483 BC) Spiritual Teacher and founder of Buddhism. Siddhartha was born a prince in northern India. He gave up the comforts of the palace to seek enlightenment. After attaining Nirvana, he spent the remainder of his years teaching.

Confucius (551 – 479 BC) – Chinese politician, statesman, teacher and philosopher. His writings on justice, life and society became the prevailing teachings of the Chinese state and developed into Confucianism.

Socrates (469 BC–399 BC) – Greek philosopher. Socrates developed the ‘Socratic’ method of self-enquiry. He had a significant influence on his disciples, such as Plato and contributed to the development of Western philosophy and political thought.

Plato (424 – 348 BC) – Greek philosopher. A student of Socrates, Plato founded the Academy in Athens – one of the earliest seats of learning. His writings, such as ‘The Republic’ form a basis of early Western philosophy. He also wrote on religion, politics and mathematics.

Aristotle (384 BC – 322 BC) – Greek philosopher and teacher of Alexander the Great. Aristotle was a student of Plato, but he branched out into empirical research into the physical sciences. His philosophy of metaphysics had an important influence on Western thought.

Alexander the Great (356 – 323 BC) – King of Macedonia. He established an Empire stretching from Greece to the Himalayas. He was a supreme military commander and helped diffuse Greek culture throughout Asia and northern Africa.

Archimedes (287 B.C – 212) Mathematician, scientist and inventor. Archimedes made many contributions to mathematics. He explained many scientific principles, such as levers and invented several contraptions, such as the Archimedes screw.

Ashoka (c 269 BCE to 232 BCE) – One of the greatest Indian rulers. Ashoka the Great ruled from 269 BC to 232 BC he embraced Buddhism after a bloody battle and became known for his philanthropism, and adherence to the principles of non-violence, love, truth and tolerance.

Julius Caesar (100 – 44 BC) As military commander, Caesar conquered Gaul and England extending the Roman Empire to its furthest limits. Used his military strength to become Emperor (dictator) of Rome from 49 BC, until his assassination in 44BC.

Augustus Caesar  (63 BC-AD 14) – First Emperor of Rome. Caesar (born Octavian) was one the most influential leaders in world history, setting the tone for the Roman Empire and left a profound legacy on Western civilisation.

Cleopatra (69 -30 BC) The last Ptolemaic ruler of Egypt. Cleopatra sought to defend Egypt from the expanding Roman Empire. In doing so, she formed relationships with two of Rome’s most powerful leaders Marc Anthony and Julius Caesar.

AD

Jesus of Nazareth (c.5BC – 30AD), Jesus of Nazareth, was a spiritual teacher, and the central figure of Christianity. By Christians, he is considered to be the Messiah predicted in the Old Testament.

St Paul (5 – AD 67) – Christian missionary. St Paul was Jewish and a Roman citizen who converted to Christianity. His writings and teachings did much to define and help the spread of Christianity.

Marcus Aurelius (121 – 180) – Roman Emperor and philosopher. He is considered the last of the five good Emperors. His Meditations are a classic account of Stoic philosophy.

Emperor Constantine (272 – 337) First Roman Emperor to embrace Christianity. He called the First Council of Nicaea in 325 which clarified the Nicene Creed of Christianity.

Muhammad (570 – 632) Prophet of Islam. Muhammad received revelations which form the verses of the Qur’an. His new religion unified Arabia under the new Muslim religion.

Attila the Hun (5th Century) Ruler of the Huns who swept across Europe in the Fifth Century. He attacked provinces within the Roman Empire and was Rome’s most feared opponent.

Charlemagne (742 – 814) – King of Franks and Emperor of the Romans. Charlemagne unified Western Europe for the first time since the fall of the Roman Empire. He provided protection for the Pope in Rome.

Genghis Kahn (1162 – 1227) – Leader of the Mongol Empire stretching from China to Europe. Genghis Khan was a fierce nomadic warrior who united the Mongol tribes before conquering Asia and Europe.

Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204) – The first Queen of France. Eleanor influenced the politics of western Europe through her alliances and her sons Richard and John – who became Kings of England.

Saladin (1138 – 1193) – Leader of the Arabs during the Crusades. He unified Muslim provinces and provided effective military opposition to the Christian crusades.

Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 1274) Influential Roman Catholic priest, philosopher and theologian.

Marco Polo (1254 – 1324) Venetian traveller and explorer who made ground-breaking journeys to Asia and China, helping to open up the Far East to Europe.

Johann Gutenberg (1395 – 1468) – German inventor of the printing press. Gutenberg’s invention of movable type started a printing revolution which was influential in the Reformation.

Joan of Arc – (1412-1431) – French saint. Jean d’Arc was a young peasant girl who inspired the Dauphin of France to renew the fight against the English. She led French forces into battle.

Christopher Columbus (1451 – 1506) – Italian explorer who landed in America. He wasn’t the first to land in America, but his voyages were influential in opening up the new continent to Europe.

Leonardo da Vinci ( 1452 – 1519) – Italian scientist, artist, and polymath. Da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper. His scientific investigations covered all branches of human knowledge.

Guru Nanak (1469 – 1539) Indian spiritual teacher who founded the Sikh religion. Guru Nanak was the first of the 10 Sikh Gurus. He travelled widely disseminating a spiritual teaching of God in everyone.

Martin Luther (1483 – 1546) – A key figure in the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther opposed papal indulgences and the power of the Pope, sparking off the Protestant Reformation.

Babur (1483 – 1531) – Founder of the Moghul Empire on the Indian subcontinent. A descendant of Genghis Khan, he brought a Persian influence to India.

William Tyndale (1494 – 1536) – A key figure in the Protestant Reformation. Tyndale translated the Bible into English. It’s wide dissemination changed English society. He was executed for heresy.

Akbar (1542 – 1605) – Moghul Emperor who consolidated and expanded the Moghul Empire. Akbar also was a supporter of the arts, culture and noted for his religious tolerance.

Sir Walter Raleigh (1552 – 1618) – English explorer who made several journeys to the Americas, including a search for the lost ‘Eldorado.’

Galileo Galilei (1564 -1642) – Astronomer and physicist. Galileo developed the modern telescope and, challenging the teachings of the church, helped to prove the earth revolved around the sun.

William Shakespeare (1564- 1616) English poet and playwright. Shakespeare’s plays, such as Hamlet, Macbeth and Othello have strongly influenced English literature and Western civilisation.

Rene Descartes (1596 – 1650) Dubbed the father of modern philosophy, Descartes was influential in a new rationalist movement, which sought to question basic presumptions with reason.

Oliver Cromwell (1599 – 1658) – British Parliamentarian. Cromwell led his new model army in defeating King Charles I and creating a new model of government.

Voltaire (1694 – 1778) – French philosopher. Voltaire’s biting satire helped to create dissent in the lead up to the French revolution.

Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727) – English mathematician and scientist. Newton laid the foundations of modern physics, with his laws of motion and gravity. He made extensive scientific investigations.

Eighteenth Century

Catherine the Great (1729 – 1796) – Russian Queen during the Eighteenth Century. During her reign, Russia was revitalised becoming a major European power. She also began reforms to help the poor.

George Washington (1732 – 1799) – 1st President of US. George Washington led the American forces of independence and became the first elected President.

Tom Paine (1737- 1809) English-American author and philosopher. Paine wrote‘Common Sense‘ (1776) and the Rights of Man (1791), which supported principles of the American and French revolutions.

Thomas Jefferson (1743- 1826) 3rd President of US. Author of the Declaration of Independence. Jefferson passed laws on religious tolerance in his state of Virginia and founded the University of Virginia.

Mozart (1756 – 1791) – Austrian Music composer. Mozart’s compositions ranged from waltzes to Requiem. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest musical geniuses of all time.

Nineteenth Century

William Wilberforce (1759 – 1833) – British MP and campaigner against slavery. Wilberforce was a key figure in influencing British public opinion and helping to abolish slavery in 1833.

Napoleon Bonaparte (1769 – 1821) – French military and political leader. Napoleon made France a major European power and meant his Napoleonic code was widely disseminated across Europe.

Simon Bolivar (1783 – 1830) – Liberator of Latin American countries. Bolivar was responsible for the liberation of Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela and Colombia.

Abraham Lincoln (1809 – 1865) 16th President of US. Lincoln led the northern Union forces during the civil war to protect the Union of the US. During the civil war, Lincoln also promised to end slavery.

Charles Darwin (1809 – 1882) – Developed theory of evolution. His book ‘The Origin of Species’ (1859) laid the framework for evolutionary biology and changed many people’s view of life on the planet.

Karl Marx (1818 – 1883) Principle Marxist philosopher. Author of Das Kapitaland The Communist Manifesto. (with F.Engels) Marx believed that Capitalist society would be overthrown by Communist revolution.

Queen Victoria (1819 – 1901) – Queen of Great Britain during the Nineteenth Century. She oversaw the industrial revolution and the growth of the British Empire.

Louis Pasteur (1822 – 1895) – French chemist and Biologist. Pasteur developed many vaccines, such as for rabies and anthrax. He also developed the process of pasteurisation, making milk safer.

Leo Tolstoy (1828 – 1910) – Russian writer and philosopher. Tolstoy wrote the epic ‘War and Peace’ Tolstoy was also a social activist – advocating non-violence and greater equality in society.

Thomas Edison (1847 – 1931) – Inventor and businessman. Edison developed the electric light bulb and formed a company to make electricity available to ordinary homes.

Twentieth Century

Oscar Wilde (1854 – 1900) – Irish writer. Wilde’s plays included biting social satire. He was noted for his wit and charm. However, after a sensational trial, he was sent to jail for homosexuality.

Woodrow Wilson (1856 – 1924) – President of US during WWI. Towards the end of the war, Wilson developed his 14 points for a fair peace, which included forming a League of Nations.

Mahatma Gandhi (1869 – 1948) – Indian nationalist and politician. Gandhi believed in non-violent resistance to British rule. He sought to help the ‘untouchable’ caste and also reconcile Hindu and Muslims.

V. Lenin (1870-1924) – Born in Ulyanovsk, Russia. Lenin was the leader of Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution in 1917. Lenin became the first leader of the Soviet Union influencing the direction of the new Communist state.

The Wright Brothers (Orville, 1871 – 1948) – developed the first powered aircraft. In 1901, they made the first successful powered air flight, ushering in a new era of air flight.

Winston Churchill (1874 – 1965) Prime Minister of Great Britain during the Second World War. Churchill played a key role in strengthening British resolve in the dark days of 1940.

Konrad Adenauer (1876-1967) – West German Chancellor post world war II. Adenauer had been an anti-nazi before the war. He played a key role in reintegrating West Germany into world affairs.

Albert Einstein (1879 – 1955) – German / American physicist. Einstein made groundbreaking discoveries in the field of relativity. Einstein was also a noted humanitarian and peace activist.

Ataturk (1881-1938) – founder of the Turkish Republic. From the ruins of the Ottoman Empire, Ataturk forged a modern secular Turkish republic.

A Little History of the World

A Little History of the World: Illustrated Edition at Amazon – by E. H. Gombrich

John M Keynes (1883 – 1946) Influential economist. Keynes developed a new field of macroeconomics in response to the great depression of the 1930s.

Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882 – 1945) US President (1932-1945) Roosevelt led the US through its most turbulent time of the great depression and World War II.

Adolf Hitler (1889 – 1945) Dictator of Nazi Germany. Hitler sought to conquer Europe and Russia, starting World War Two. Also responsible for the Holocaust, in which Jews and other ‘non-Aryans’ were killed.

Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964) – First Indian Prime Minister. Nehru came to power in 1947 and ruled until his death in 1964. He forged a modern democratic India, not aligned to either US or the Soviet Union.

Dwight Eisenhower (1890 – 1969) – Supreme Allied Commander during the Normandy landings of World War II. Eisenhower also became President from 1953-1961.

Charles de Gaulle (1890- 1970) French politician. De Gaulle became leader of the ‘Free French’ after the fall of France in 1940. Became President after the war, writing the constitution of the 5th Republic.

Chairman Mao (1893 – 1976) Mao led the Chinese Communist party to power during the long march and fight against the nationalists. Mao ruled through the ‘cultural revolution’ until his death in 1976.

Mother Teresa (1910-1997) – Catholic nun from Albania who went to India to serve the poor. Became a symbol of charity and humanitarian sacrifice. Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

John F. Kennedy (1917 – 1963) – US President 1961-1963. J. F.Kennedy helped to avert nuclear war during the Cuban missile crisis. He also began to support the civil rights movement before his assassination in Dallas, November 1963.

Nelson Mandela (1918 – ) The first President of democratic South Africa in 1994. Mandela was imprisoned by the apartheid regime for 27 years, but on his release helped to heal the wounds of apartheid through forgiveness and reconciliation.

Pope John Paul II (1920 – 2005) – Polish Pope from 1978-2005. Pope John Paul is credited with bringing together different religions and playing a role at the end of Communism in Eastern Europe.

Queen Elizabeth II (1926 – ) British Queen from 1952. The second longest serving monarch in history, Elizabeth saw six decades of social and political change.

Martin Luther King (1929 – 1968) Martin Luther King was a powerful leader of the non-violent civil rights movement. His 1963 speech ‘I have a dream’ being a pinnacle moment.

14th Dalai Lama (1938 – ) Spiritual and political leader of Tibetans. The Dalai Lama was forced into exile by the invading Chinese. He is a leading figure for non-violence and spirituality.

Mikhail Gorbachev (1931 – ) Leader of the Soviet Union. Oversaw transition from Communism in Eastern Europe to democracy. Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990.

Muhammad Ali (1942- ) American boxer. Muhammad Ali had his boxing license removed for refusal to fight in Vietnam. He became a leading figure in the civil rights movement.

Citation: Pettinger, Tejvan. “Famous historical people”, Oxford, UK. www.biographyonline.net, 18/12/2013. Published  1 March 2018. Last updated 7 July 2019

[nellygwyn]

The men of ‘The Favourite’

John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (1650 - 1722) - Sarah’s husband and the great love of her life, John rose through the ranks of the restored King Charles II’s court from mere page to one of the greatest statesmen and military commanders of his age. This was, in part, due to his own political savviness, but he and Sarah worked as a team to advance their station in different spheres of the royal court. John was best friends with Queen Anne’s father, King James II (formerly the Duke of York), in his youth, but at the last minute, he defected to the side of Anne’s brother-in-law and sister, William and Mary, when they came to depose James II on account of his Catholicism in 1688. His skill as de facto leader of the Allied forces during the War of the Spanish Succession, which is often mentioned in the film, made him legendary and he was not only given the title of Duke of Marlborough for his efforts, but made a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire and the first and only non-royal and non-episcopal country house to be granted the title of palace (Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire). Interestingly, contemporaries noted that John was irresistible to both women and men....make of this what you will.

Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin (1645-1712) - Sidney Godolphin was indeed a life long friend of the Churchills and he, too, had begun his rise through the ranks of favour at the court of King Charles II. He had been one of Charles II’s favoured members of the royal household. He had, like John Churchill, been loyal to James II until the last minute and under the joint monarchy of William III and Mary II, and later, under the reign of Queen Anne, he rose to become the Lord High Treasurer. Godolphin was actually a moderate Tory, just like John Churchill, but both he and Churchill formed an alliance with the so-called ‘Whig Junto’ (court Whigs) that led to their dominance and opposition against the High Tories, led by Robert Harley. Godolphin did eventually lose his place after the Churchills fall from grace and died soon after. He harboured a heartache all his life, too: during the Restoration, when he was a young man, he had fallen in love with a court beauty and Maid of Honour to Queen Anne’s mother. Her name was Margaret Blagge and when they married, it was a love match. Unfortunately, Margaret died in childbirth at the age of 26, in 1678. Their son, Francis Godolphin, survived and went on to marry Lady Henrietta Churchill, the eldest daughter of John and Sarah. Sidney never remarried, and was left quite desolate after the death of Margaret.

Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford (1661-1724) - Harley’s political career is a lengthy and complicated one. He actually began as a Whig, though he later abandoned many of their principles (but never their staunch loyalty to the Protestant faith). He became the leader of the Tory and ‘Old Whig’ side of the House in opposition to the court Whig Junto, headed by Godolphin and Churchill. In the reign of Queen Anne, because of her Tory sentiments, he became essentially her chief minister (referred to as ‘Prime Minister,’ though the first official Prime Minister would be Robert Walpole two decades later). He opposed Churchill and Godolphin’s Whigs in everything and became a master of political spin, promoting and patronising the careers of writers like Daniel Defoe, Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift and John Gay, on the condition that they write political spin in his favour. He also was a cousin of Queen Anne’s new favourite, Abigail Masham, and probably was at least some of the brains behind encouraging Abigail to seek the Queen’s favour. The chief achievement of his political career was negotiating the Treaty of Utrecht which brought an end to the War of the Spanish Succession. In the reign of George I, Queen Anne’s successor, however, he was imprisoned in the Tower of London for two years on charges of treason. There were several assassination attempts on his life, one of which was thwarted only because he liked to wear fine, fancy clothes and the knife that stabbed him, consequently, could not penetrate his skin. 

Samuel Masham, 1st Baron Masham (1678-1759) (unfortunately, there are no surviving portraits or images of Samuel) - Samuel Masham was indeed one of Queen Anne’s equerries (meaning he took charge of the horses!) but had been a member of her Royal Household for a while prior. Samuel Masham himself believed that the match between himself and Abigail, who he met in 1704 when she became Anne’s Lady of the Bedchamber, was predicated on love, though Robert Harley probably encouraged him to court Abigail as she was rising in the Queen’s favour. He benefitted quite a lot from his wife’s position as the Queen’s favourite. He became a Brigadier General in the army, an MP and was given a peerage. On the death of Queen Anne, Abigail retired from public life and would become quite a staunch Jacobite and opponent of Anne’s Hanoverian successors. Samuel, however, did quite well at the court of King George I, clearly not harbouring the same Jacobite sympathies as Abigail, and long outlived his wife.

William, Duke of Gloucester (1689-1700) - Though we never see William, as he had died soon before the events in the film take place, his spectre is everywhere in the movie. He was not Queen Anne’s eldest son, but he was her only child to (briefly) survive infancy. He had always been quite a sickly boy, though always lively and good-natured. He had started having convulsions from from the age of three weeks old, possibly on account of meningitis, but more probably on account of the fact that he suffered from hydrocephalus. He was often subjected to quite unpleasant treatments and medicines, but he was loved dearly by Anne and her husband, Prince George of Denmark, who moved with him to Kensington in the hope that the fresh air would do him good. William was often driven out in a carriage, pulled by Shetland ponies, as a treatment. William’s education was a little delayed, on account of the fact that it took him a while to learn how to speak properly, but as the heir to Anne’s brother-in-law, William III, and Anne herself, he was given a rigorous political and religious education. Whilst living in Kensington, he befriended another child, a young Welsh boy named Jenkin Lewis, who became one of his closest companions and who wrote extensive memoirs about William, in his later life (thanks to Jenkin, we know that William was given his own miniature army of young boys to command!). On the 24th July 1700, a party was held for William’s 11th birthday at Kensington Palace. He danced, delighted in the music and ate a lot of sweet food. Near the end of the party, he began to complain of fatigue, a temperature and a rash. It took a while for physicians to attend him and they could not agree on a diagnosis and subsequently, little William was put through many horrible treatments, including bleeding and blistering. One of the physicians said to his colleagues that ‘[they had] destroyed him and [they may] finish him.’ William was in great agony from both his illness and the treatments that had been administered, and he complained of this to his mother, Anne, who remained constantly at his bedside. When he was in the last few hours of his life, he could not swallow, he was convulsing from the pain, had a splintering headache and was slipping in and out of delirium. He died on the 30th July, 1700, with both his parents beside him. Anne was so prostrate with grief at his death that she immediately fainted and in the coming months, she locked herself up in her chamber, only being induced out when she was able to be carried to the garden for air and respite from her thoughts. His presence in the movie is in Anne’s distaste of music and dancing (remember, he had essentially become fatally ill at his birthday party, though modern physicians think he died of strep throat and pneumonia), her depressive eating of cake and the pre-eminence of her pet rabbits above all her royal favourites. Sarah had been less than sympathetic upon William’s death, believing that Anne took far too much time to mourn him. 

[maximumphilosopheranchor]

“… war and religious persecution on the Continent encouraged that vital migration of skilled craftsmen and artists who played so large a part in English industry, commerce and culture. Some of the ‘strangers’ came on a purely commercial basis, like the 3000 or more French iron-workers in the Weald by 1550, the German miners at Keswick from 1568, and the master glassmaker Verzelini. It is remarkable, however, how many from the 1560s onwards were Protestant refugees, from France, from Italy, and above all Walloons and ‘Dutch’ (mostly Flemings) from the Spanish Netherlands. Elizabeth and Leicester both employed Italian physicians; Flemish craftsmen were employed building Burghley House and engraving Saxton’s maps; and the leading portrait painters and monumental sculptors were mostly ‘Dutch’. The Netherlanders made a major contribution to the development of brewing and paper-making, and above all to the New Draperies. The majority settled in London, East Anglia and the South-east, but even more distant places had their craftsmen of ‘Dutch’ origin, judging by their names, like the glazier Barnard Dininckhoff at York and the alabasterer Joseph Hollemans of Burton upon Trent.

No general study of the ‘strangers’ has been published since Cunningham’s Alien Immigrants to England in 1897, and ‘the contribution of immigrants to English economic development between 1550 and 1650 is usually mentioned only in passing and as a factor of secondary importance’. Yet it was a crucial contribution, which is no disparagement to the English, who in general accepted the immigrants and learned rapidly from them. ‘What country… is there at this presente that nourisheth so manie aliens from all parts of the world as England doth?’ asked Thomas Johnson in 1596. Hospitality was generally given on religious and humanitarian grounds, but Englishmen were well aware of the commercial benefits also. A parliamentary bill proposed in 1591 to limit the trading rights of aliens, but it drew strong opposition from many Mps: Sir John Wolley argued that London’s prosperity, like that of Antwerp and Venice, came from its welcome to ‘strangers’. Edmund Howes in 1615 compiled a list of inventions and innovations, of which the great majority were attributed to immigrants, adding that immigration since 1563 ‘was, and is, the maine cause of our encrease of wealth’.

The immigrants, therefore, had a positive effect on economic as well as cultural change.”

D. M. Palliser, The Age of Elizabeth: England under the later Tudors 1547-1603

[msclaritea]

"...Vast fortunes were made in sugar production from the middle of the 17th century up to the end of the 18th. The owners of these new fortunes were keen to display their great wealth, not only in Britain but also in Barbados. Drax Hall, for instance, was built in the early 1650s in the parish of St George and sits on a plantation of what is believed to be about 500 acres. Along with properties in Jamaica, the plantation derived enough profit for the Drax family to build up impressive estates in England.

Amazingly, the hall has remained in the Drax family ever since it was built. Today it is owned by Richard Drax (the current Conservative MP for South Dorset and owner of the impressive Charborough Park in the same county). It is still farmed as a sugar plantation.

Drax Hall, St George, Barbados, built in the early 1650s. (Photograph by author.)

Drax Hall is a stately Jacobean manor house but in a tropical setting. It has steep gables, corner finials, a very fine Jacobean staircase and an ornately carved hall archway of mastic wood. (Mastic was an indigenous tree found on the island before the forests were cleared and is a clear indication of the early date of the house.)

The plantation is very much still an active farming operation. The building is surrounded by farm buildings, machinery and a mill wall. The tenant farmer showed me around the hall a few years ago when I attended the celebrations of a very good friend’s 50th birthday. To my horror, he walked up the turned Jacobean stairs in his black, mud-splattered Wellington boots before showing me around the upper part of the house.

Although this is probably the oldest lived-in house in the Northern Americas, and therefore of significant historic importance, it is still used as a working farmhouse, sparsely furnished and in desperate need of restoration. The toughness of the building and the environment is extraordinary; I don’t think I have ever seen anything quite like it. It is as if time has stood still.."