#Khan Research Laboratories

[komal7676]

MBBS in Haryana: A Comprehensive Guide to Top Medical Colleges

Haryana offers excellent opportunities for aspiring doctors with its diverse range of medical colleges providing quality education. In this guide, we'll explore everything you need to know about pursuing an MBBS in Haryana, including details about the top medical colleges in the state, eligibility criteria, admission process, and fee structure.

Introduction

Pursuing an MBBS in Haryana is a great option for students looking for affordable medical education in North India. Haryana is home to several well-established government and private medical colleges offering top-notch infrastructure, experienced faculty, and modern laboratories.

Top Medical Colleges in Haryana

Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (PGIMS), RohtakOne of the premier government institutions in Haryana, PGIMS Rohtak offers 200 MBBS seats annually. The college is known for its excellent academic record, cutting-edge research, and practical exposure through its affiliated hospital.

Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewati Government Medical College, NalharThis government medical college, located in Mewat district, has made a name for itself with quality education and healthcare services. It offers around 120 MBBS seats every year and focuses on rural healthcare training.

ESIC Medical College, FaridabadEstablished under the Employees' State Insurance Corporation, this medical college is equipped with advanced facilities and offers 100 MBBS seats. The focus is on providing practical exposure along with academic excellence.

World College of Medical Sciences & Research, JhajjarThis private medical college has emerged as a leading institution in Haryana, offering 150 MBBS seats annually. The college provides modern facilities and is recognized for its well-rounded curriculum.

BPS Government Medical College for Women, SonepatA unique institution catering exclusively to women, BPS Government Medical College offers 100 MBBS seats. The college is equipped with state-of-the-art facilities, providing an excellent environment for female medical students.

Eligibility Criteria

To pursue MBBS in Haryana, candidates must meet the following eligibility requirements:

Must have passed 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and English as core subjects.

Candidates must score at least 50% in PCB (40% for reserved categories).

A valid NEET (National Eligibility cum Entrance Test) score is mandatory for admission.

Admission Process

The admission process for MBBS in Haryana is primarily through NEET, and the Haryana NEET counseling is conducted by the Directorate of Medical Education and Research (DMER). Students are allocated seats based on their NEET scores and rank. The process includes online registration, document verification, and counseling rounds for seat allotment.

Fee Structure

The fee structure for MBBS in Haryana varies between government and private institutions. Government colleges charge relatively lower fees, ranging from INR 50,000 to INR 1,00,000 per year, while private colleges may charge anywhere from INR 5,00,000 to INR 10,00,000 annually.

Conclusion

Pursuing an MBBS in Haryana provides students with the opportunity to receive a quality education and ample clinical exposure in reputed medical institutions. With affordable fees and a well-structured curriculum, Haryana is becoming a preferred destination for many medical aspirants.

[conniephleb]

Discover How to Get Free Phlebotomy Training in Los Angeles Today!

Title: Discover ‍How to​ Get⁢ Free Phlebotomy Training in Los Angeles Today!

Introduction: Are ‍you interested in pursuing a career in​ phlebotomy but worried about the⁣ cost of training? Well, you’re in luck! There are opportunities‍ to receive free phlebotomy training in Los Angeles, allowing⁤ you to ​kickstart your career without breaking the bank. ‌In this article, we will explore various ways you can access⁣ free phlebotomy training in Los Angeles and provide you with ​essential information to help you get started on your journey.

Benefits of Phlebotomy Training: Before diving into how to‍ get free phlebotomy training in Los Angeles, let’s first understand‍ the benefits of pursuing a career in phlebotomy: 1. Rewarding Career: Phlebotomy is a crucial part of the healthcare system,⁤ as phlebotomists play ​a significant role in collecting blood samples for diagnostic purposes. 2. Job Stability: With the increasing demand for healthcare services, phlebotomy is a career path that offers job ​stability and growth opportunities. 3. ��Entry-Level Position: Phlebotomy is ‍an ⁢excellent⁤ entry⁢ point into the healthcare industry, ​allowing you to gain valuable experience and move up the career ladder.

How to Get⁤ Free Phlebotomy Training in Los⁣ Angeles: Now, let’s explore the various ways​ you can access free phlebotomy training in Los Angeles:

1. Community Colleges ​and Vocational Schools: Many community colleges and vocational schools offer phlebotomy training programs that are either free or​ at a reduced cost. These programs are often funded by government grants or partnerships with healthcare institutions. Some institutions may also offer scholarships or financial aid to ⁢eligible students.

2. Healthcare Institutions: Some hospitals, clinics, and laboratories in⁤ Los‍ Angeles provide free phlebotomy ‌training as part​ of‍ their workforce⁣ development ‍initiatives. These programs typically require participants‍ to commit⁤ to working for⁤ the institution for a certain period after completing⁤ their training. This can be a​ great way​ to receive hands-on training and secure a job upon completion.

3. Job Corps: Job Corps is a federally-funded program that offers⁣ free vocational training, ​including ‍phlebotomy, to young adults aged 16-24. Participants receive training,⁤ housing, meals, counseling, and job ​placement assistance ⁣at no cost. Job‍ Corps centers are located throughout the country, including in Los‌ Angeles.

4. Online Resources: There are online platforms that offer free‌ phlebotomy training courses, such as Coursera, Khan Academy, and PhlebotomyCoach. While these courses may not provide the ‌same⁣ level of hands-on experience as traditional programs, ‍they can be a valuable supplement to your training.

Case Study: One successful example of free phlebotomy training⁢ in Los Angeles is ​the ​partnership between UCLA Health and Los Angeles Trade-Tech College. UCLA Health⁣ offers a phlebotomy training⁤ program to students enrolled in the college’s healthcare programs, providing them with ​practical experience and networking opportunities within the healthcare industry.

Practical Tips: To increase your chances of securing free phlebotomy training in Los Angeles, consider ‍the ⁢following tips: – Research different training programs and their ​requirements. – Prepare a compelling application, highlighting your interest in phlebotomy and relevant experience. – Network ⁤with⁢ healthcare ​professionals and‌ attend job ⁣fairs ‍to learn ​about potential ‍training opportunities.

Conclusion: free phlebotomy training in Los Angeles is a viable option⁢ for individuals looking to start a career in healthcare without ⁤incurring substantial costs. By exploring community colleges, healthcare institutions, Job Corps, and online resources, you⁢ can access quality training ‌that ‍will ‍prepare you for ⁣a rewarding career in phlebotomy. Remember to take ​advantage of networking opportunities and stay informed about available​ training programs to ‌maximize your chances of success. Get started on your ‍phlebotomy journey today and pave the way for a bright future in the healthcare industry!

https://phlebotomytrainingcenter.net/discover-how-to-get-free-phlebotomy-training-in-los-angeles-today/

[ies10]

Osmania University Hyderabad: A Legacy of Educational Excellence

Located in the vibrant city of Hyderabad in Telangana, Osmania University is one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in India. Founded in 1918, it is the seventh oldest university in the country and the first university established in the former state of Hyderabad. Named after its founder, Nawab Osman Ali Khan, the seventh Nizam of Hyderabad, the university has played a pivotal role in the educational and cultural development of the region.

Historical Significance:

Osmania University's rich history is a testament to its commitment to academic excellence and cultural enrichment. The university was established with a vision to provide a contemporary education while preserving traditional Indian values ​​and culture. Over the decades, it has emerged as a major educational center, attracting students from across India and abroad.

The campus itself is a blend of tradition and modernity. The iconic College of Arts building, with its distinctive Indo-Saracenic architecture, is a symbol of the university's historical heritage. This blend of old and new is also reflected in the university's academic approach, which combines traditional scholarship with modern research.

Academic Excellence:

Osmania University offers a wide range of Bachelor's, Master's, and PhD programs in various fields of study. The university includes numerous faculties including Humanities, Science, Commerce, Engineering, Technology, Law, and Education. Each faculty is known for its rigorous academic standards and excellent faculty.

The university is known for its research contributions and has several research centers and institutes under its roof. These centers focus on diverse areas such as biotechnology, management, and social sciences, fostering an environment of innovation and discovery.

Student Life and Campus Facilities:

Life at Osmania University is vibrant and dynamic, offering students a holistic educational experience. The campus is spread across 1,600 acres, providing ample space for academic, recreational, and extracurricular activities. Students have access to state-of-the-art facilities such as well-equipped laboratories, libraries, sports facilities, and dormitories.

The university promotes a balanced approach to education, encouraging both academic excellence and personal growth. Numerous student clubs and societies cover a wide range of interests, from literature and arts to technology and entrepreneurship. These activities not only enhance students' skills but also foster a sense of community and collaboration.

Cultural and Social Impact:

Osmania University has a significant impact on the cultural and social fabric of Hyderabad and its surrounding areas. The university's diverse student body brings together people from different backgrounds and cultures, fostering an environment of mutual respect and understanding. This diversity is celebrated through a range of cultural events, festivals, and programs organized throughout the year.

University also plays a vital role in social work and community development. Through initiatives such as extension programs and social welfare, students and faculty engage with the local community to address issues related to education, health, and socio-economic development.

Notable Alumni:

Osmania University boasts a list of illustrious alumni who have made significant contributions in various fields. Notable alumni include former Prime Minister of India P. V. Narasimha Rao, noted poet and writer Ali Sardar Jafri, and prominent politicians, scientists, and business leaders. The success of our alumni is a testament to the university's commitment to nurturing talent and developing leadership skills.

Challenges and Future Prospects:

Like any university, Osmania University faces challenges. Issues such as maintaining infrastructure, fundraising, and modernizing the curriculum are areas that require continued attention. However, the university leadership is committed to addressing these challenges and ensuring the university remains a first-class institution.

Looking to the future, Osmania University aims to further strengthen its academic and research capabilities, expand international collaborations, and continue to play a central role in the socio-economic development of the region. With its rich traditions and forward-thinking approach, the university is well-positioned to continue on its path of excellence in education.

Conclusion:

Osmania University Hyderabad is a beacon of quality education with a rich history, diverse academics, and vibrant campus life. Its commitment to promoting intellectual growth, cultural enrichment, and social responsibility has made it a valuable institution not only for its students and faculty but also for the wider public. Osmania University will continue to stay true to its mission of imparting quality education and contributing to the upliftment of society.

[makers-muse]

ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO SET UP ROBOTICS LABS IN SCHOOLS

Why Robotics Labs?

A robotics lab is a place for active learning where the students can acquire critical thinking, problem solving and collaborative skills. These establishments inspire innovative concepts and originality leading to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) careers.

Requirements For Setting Up A Robotics Lab In A School

· Space and Safety: To start with, a robotics lab should have sufficient room. This area should be quite broad so that it can cater for multiple workstations enabling students to work together on different projects. To ensure safety, there should be proper ventilation systems within the premises; fire extinguishers must also be available in case of an accident; and first aid equipment ought to be provided. Besides this, the facility needs enough space for keeping tools used in the lab as well as raw materials required during different experiments conducted by students.

· Robotics Kits: Robotics kits make up the core part of any robotics lab. These kits come with different levels of complexity depending on the targeted age group. For instance, younger students can start with beginner level Lego Mindstorm kits which feature easy-to-connect parts and user-friendly programming interfaces that enable beginners to try out simple programs without much difficulty. However, older students should use more advanced kits like VEX Robotics or Arduino kits which offer advanced building and coding possibilities among others.

· Computers and Software: Reliable computers are fundamental in any robotics laboratory, which can perform the required software that will be used for programming and designing of robots. The most commonly used coding languages in robotics include Python, C++ and Java.. Young students can easily get started on programming concepts by using block based coding platforms like Scratch or Blockly. Websites such as Code.org and Tynker offers valuable resources on learning these coding languages.

· 3D Printers and Tools: In a well-equipped robotics lab, you will often find 3D printers which enable learners to design and fabricate custom parts for their robots. As well as that, basic tools like screwdrivers, pliers plus soldering irons will be needed for building or altering robots. Students should wear protective gear when operating these tools including gloves and goggles so as to keep them safe from harm.

· Internet Access and Online Resources: High speed internet is one of the essentials in a robotics lab. It enables students to conduct research, work together with others and link up with online resources as well as tutorials. Some websites like Khan Academy, Coursera, Makers’ Muse offer tutorials on Robotics and Coding which provide further education to students.

Setting up a robotics laboratory in schools may be quite complex and expensive, but for students it is extremely useful. It enables schools to engage future innovators and problem solvers by mixing creativity with technology. Parents have the ability and duty to impact these endeavors positively, which will go a long way in shaping their children’s educational journey as well as destinies. Let us work together and introduce some of this excitement into our learning environments.

[heronwaterpurifier]

Introducing the Heron Blue Water Purifier: 100% Pure Water, 100% Healthier Lives

Heron Blue Water Purifier

Dhaka, 14-07-24 - We are thrilled to announce the launch of our revolutionary Heron Blue Water Purifier, a state-of-the-art solution designed to provide safe, clean and healthy drinking water for households and businesses. This new product combines advanced technology with user-friendly features to ensure the highest standards of water purification.

Key Features and Benefits:

Attached Advanced Filtration Technology: Our Heron Blue Water Purifier attached 5 stage filtration process, including Polypropylene ( PP) Filter, CTO Filter (Net Carbon Filter), Granular Activated Carbon (GAC), RO Membrane Filter, and Taste and Odor Filters. The multi stages filtration process removes up to 99% of virus, bacteria, lead, arsenic, asbestos, calcium, chlorine (taste and smell), cadmium, mercury, benzene, asbestos and more.

Eco-Friendly Design: Committed to sustainability, the Heron Blue Water Purifier is designed with ABS food grade materials. It reduces water waste, and saves energy during the purification process. 

User-Friendly Interface: This product can be easily installed and being a portable device, it can be used by everyone from young to old. Long lasting materials, compact design and attractive colors make the heron blue water purifier suitable for kitchen and office.

Energy Efficient: The water purifier is designed to consume minimal energy, making it an economical choice for consumers looking to lower their utility bills while promoting environmental conservation.

Customer Testimonials:

"We have been in a challenge for the past 2 years with several water quality standards of the organization and our production was suffering. We are facing many problems with clean water and Heron Blue Water Purifier solved the problems properly. Which was a lasting solution. I wish Heron Blue Water Purifier is the best water purifier for supplying pure water.” - Md. Anamul Hasan Khan (CIP)

“We were looking for a Bangladeshi water purifier brand that has manufactured their products based on the water quality of Bangladesh. After doing a lot of research, reading various reviews we like Heron Brand. Specially choose their latest upgraded product Heron Blue Water Purifier to provide us clean water.” - Tareq Abdullah

About Heron Water Purifier:

Heron water purifier brand started its journey in Bangladesh in 2008. The primary objective was to provide clean and safe water. At present, ABM Engineering Limited manufactures various models of Heron brand RO, UV, UF water purifiers and filter accessories in Bangladesh.

It is equipped with in-house R&D facilities for new product design and development. A well-organized proprietary laboratory is used to ensure quality products. Heron has been awarded UKAS certificate and IS0-9001 certificate for strict adherence to standards set by both organizations.

Heron brand has around 500+ employees, 2000+ dealers associated and around 50 lakh happy clients across Bangladesh. We provide premium quality water purifiers and accessories with 24/7 service, 1 year brand warranty, 1 year service warranty, cash on free delivery and 100% guarantee for client satisfaction. 

Our main aim is to develop the living standards of Bangladeshi customers by providing them with safe, clean and healthy water.

Availability and Pricing:

The new Heron Blue Water Purifier is now available for purchase through our website and authorized retailers. For a limited time, customers can take advantage of our special launch offer, which includes a discount and free installation.

Contact us 01810-033550 or visit: https://heronwaterpurifier.com

[jim-fetter-illustrations]

Life on Mars? Yeah, right, Lol

Mars is said to be an urban planner's dream by industry giants: It's a blank slate. And its first settlement may be under construction sooner than most of us would imagine.

Ya see, we human beings are a tad more greedy than most of us realize, and Mars to many looks just like the California Gold Rush of 1848 where miners became increasingly territorial over that precious gold laden land they viewed as they forced other miners from the mines with violent tactics resulting in one hundred and twenty thousand Native Americans dying of disease, starvation and homicide during that greedy need for Gold.

........ and they really never do report on the down side of progress, only the good and positive that is said to push the human race forward,.... even if it's kicking and screaming all the way.......

NASA has stated more than once (to get more government funding) that their Jet Propulsion Laboratory at Caltech is advancing many technologies to send astronauts to Mars as early as the 2030's, which is only 6 years away?!?!?

AND, on top of that there is this "Advanced Propulsion Laboratory" (APL) at Applied Physics who are researching warp drives, you know like on Star Trek! Their mission is to use general relativity to develop new propulsion methods by manipulating spacetime??????,.......... and you might want to stand back for that one when they start it up the first time!

All of this reminds me of the 1964 world's fair when they announced by the 1980's everyone would be traveling by personal jetpacks,..... and were still waiting for that one, although global warming seems to have put a quash on that one!

So while we constantly hear of things like SpaceX founder Elon Musk insisting that one million people will be living on Mars by 2050. It's all still pretty much super sensationalism to get your attention, and maybe vote for someone you think might fast track it, but the thing is THERE'S NO "IT" YET!

Now because of Mars astrobiology and similarities to Earth's atmosphere scientists think they can terraform the planet to accommodate human life?!?!

Now Terraforming is the theoretical process of modifying a planet to make it more habitable for humans,...... and you can actually see that process in the movie Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (1982), and Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (1984) in which they search for spock on a planet that was terraformed with spock's dead body on it,.......... interesting concepts no doubt, and good movies too (Lol)

Personally I'm still disappointed about the whole Jet-Pack boondoggle thing that never happened, and seriously doubt human beings will be living on mars within the next 150 years because of all the tried and failed experiments that keep sending us back to the drawing board because of greed and not because of advancing humanity, which are like night and day in procedures.

Because when greed progresses humanity turns out to be bastardised in a way only the wealthy get anything out of it, and humanity suffers greeds consequences........ just sayin, we aren't trying to go to Mars for anything humanitarian,... were trying to go to mars so we can prosper and strip-mine Mars like we are doing to the earth to GAIN wealth as poverty stricken people continue to be poverty stricken,.......... we still haven't learned to be humanitarian, like every created God on earth has told us to be, but we aren't doing it because our created religions also teach us to be greedy and give the money to them..........

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[mystudentai]

Revolutionizing Education AI Tools Redefining Student Learning

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant strides in transforming various industries, and education is no exception. With the development of advanced AI tools, the landscape of student learning has been redefined, offering new opportunities for personalized and efficient education. In this article, we will explore the best AI tools for students across different educational levels, from general education to specialized fields like engineering and graduate studies.

Best AI Tools for Students

Personalized Learning Platforms

AI-powered personalized learning platforms have revolutionized the way students engage with educational content. These platforms use algorithms to analyze students' learning patterns, strengths, and weaknesses, allowing for Ai Tools for Students. For example, platforms like Khan Academy and Coursera leverage AI to recommend specific courses and learning materials based on individual student progress and preferences.

Intelligent Tutoring Systems

Intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) are AI tools designed to provide personalized guidance and support to students. These systems use machine learning algorithms to adapt to students' learning styles and pace, offering targeted feedback and assistance. ITS can be particularly beneficial for students struggling with complex subjects or those seeking advanced challenges. Some notable ITS include Carnegie Learning and DreamBox Learning.

Best AI Tools for Engineering Students

Virtual Laboratories

For engineering students, virtual laboratories powered by AI technology offer immersive learning experiences without the need for physical equipment. These virtual labs simulate real-world scenarios and experiments, allowing students to practice skills and conduct experiments in a risk-free environment. Tools like Labster and SimScale provide AI-driven simulations for various engineering disciplines, enhancing hands-on learning opportunities.

Code Analysis and Debugging Tools

AI-driven code analysis and debugging tools are invaluable for engineering students studying computer science and software development. These tools use machine learning algorithms to analyze code, identify errors, and suggest optimizations. For instance, tools like Kite and DeepCode help students improve their coding skills and produce high-quality software projects.

Best AI Tools for Graduate Students

Research Assistance Platforms

AI-powered research assistance platforms are Helpful Ai Tools for Students highly beneficial for graduate students engaged in academic research and writing. These platforms utilize natural language processing (NLP) algorithms to analyze vast amounts of academic literature, extract key insights, and generate relevant content. Tools like Grammarly and Copyscape assist graduate students in writing plagiarism-free papers and improving overall writing quality.

Data Analysis and Visualization Tools

For graduate students involved in data-intensive fields like statistics, data science, and social sciences, AI-driven data analysis and visualization tools are indispensable. These tools use AI algorithms to process large datasets, uncover patterns, and generate insightful visualizations. Platforms such as Tableau and IBM Watson Analytics empower graduate students to derive meaningful conclusions from data and communicate findings effectively.

The integration of AI tools in education has ushered in a new era of student learning, offering personalized experiences, advanced simulations, and efficient research support. From personalized learning platforms to virtual laboratories and research assistance tools, AI technology is redefining the educational landscape for students across various disciplines and academic levels. As AI continues to evolve, its impact on education is expected to grow, providing students with enhanced learning opportunities and preparing them for success in the digital age.

[immigrationvisaservices]

 Osmania University (OU)

Welcome to the sprawling campus of Osmania University (OU), nestled in the heart of Hyderabad, India. Established in 1918, this prestigious institution has been a beacon of academic excellence and cultural diversity for over a century. Today, we take you on a journey through the historic corridors and vibrant classrooms of Osmania University, exploring its rich heritage, academic prowess, and the unique spirit that defines the OU experience.

A Legacy of Excellence:

 Osmania University is a testament to its founder's vision, Nawab Osman Ali Khan, the seventh Nizam of Hyderabad. The university has played a pivotal role in shaping the intellectual landscape of the region, contributing significantly to the fields of science, arts, and technology. Its commitment to fostering research and innovation has earned OU a distinguished place among the leading educational institutions in India.

Architectural Marvels:

 As you step onto the campus, you are greeted by the grandeur of the Arts College building, an architectural masterpiece that reflects the fusion of Indo-Saracenic and Persian styles. The sprawling greenery, well-maintained lawns, and iconic structures such as the Clock Tower add to the aesthetic charm, creating an environment conducive to learning and personal growth.

Academic Excellence:

 Osmania University offers a wide array of undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral programs across disciplines. The faculty comprises seasoned academicians and industry experts who are committed to nurturing the next generation of leaders and thinkers. The emphasis on research and practical application of knowledge sets OU apart, providing students with a holistic education that extends beyond textbooks.

Cultural Kaleidoscope:

 OU is not just an academic institution; it is a melting pot of cultures and traditions. The annual cultural festival, "Vishwotsav," showcases the diverse talents of the student body, featuring music, dance, drama, and art. This celebration of diversity fosters a sense of unity and belonging, making OU a vibrant and inclusive community.

Innovation Hub:

 The university is at the forefront of technological advancements, with state-of-the-art laboratories and research centers. The commitment to innovation is evident in the collaborations with industry partners and the encouragement of entrepreneurial ventures among students. OU alumni have made significant contributions in fields ranging from science and technology to business and public service.

Global Outreach:

 Osmania University's influence extends beyond national borders. Collaborations with renowned international universities and research institutions provide students with opportunities for global exposure and exchange programs. The diverse student body ensures a cross-cultural learning experience, preparing graduates to thrive in an interconnected world.

Conclusion:

 As we conclude our journey through Osmania University, it is evident that this institution is not just a seat of learning but a crucible of ideas, aspirations, and dreams. From its historical roots to its modern outlook, OU continues to shape the minds of future leaders, innovators, and change-makers. The legacy of Osmania University lives on, inspiring generations to come.

 Online Transcript

University Transcript

Academic Transcript

Osmania University

>>  >>

[smvdu]

The design patent for the “Digital Antibiotic Vials Auger Filling Machine” has been granted to Dr. Baijnath Kaushik, Associate Professor and the Head, School of Computer Science and Engineering who is also the Principal Investigator of Research Project RP-126 at Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University. Other collaborative recipients of the design patent include Dr. Akshma Chadha, Dr. Yusera Farooq Khan, Dr. Malvika Ashok (Research Associates), and Mr. Abhigya Mahajan (Research Scholar) under RP-126 at the School of Computer Science and Engineering, SMVDU. On October 19, 2023, the Comptroller-General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks, Intellectual Property Office, UK issued the patent, which was assigned the design number 6319100. Version 14-2023 of the international design classification falls under the class Medical and Laboratory Equipment and the subclass Apparatus and Equipment for Doctors, Hospitals, and Laboratories.

[xtruss]

On This Day: Pakistan Becomes a Nuclear Power

On May 28, 1998, Pakistan announced that it had successfully conducted five nuclear tests

— Social Desk | The Express Tribune

The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) reported that the tests conducted on May 28 generated a seismic signal of 5.0 on the Richter scale, with a total yield of up to 40 KT.

Pakistan's nuclear weapons programme architect Dr Abdul Qadeer Khan claimed that one device was a boosted fission device and that the other four were sub-kiloton nuclear devices. Following this, on 30 May 1998, Pakistan tested yet another nuclear warhead with a reported yield of 12 kilotons.

Test Site: Ras Koh Hills in the Chagai district of Balochistan, Pakistan

Chagai-I:

The nuclear tests were performed at Ras Koh Hills in the Chagai district of Balochistan. Chagai-I was Pakistan's first public test of nuclear weapons. Its timing was a strategic response to India's second nuclear tests, on 11 and 13 May 1998.

The total number of claimed tests was six, with another device reportedly being left undetonated.

Socio-Political Climate:

As Pakistan became one of the nine states to possess nuclear weapons, it is pertinent to note that it came on the heels of India conducting its own nuclear tests.

Since the timing of Chagai-I was a strategic, yet direct response to India's second nuclear tests, it is argued that 28th May marks the day that prevented war between India and Pakistan

Operation Brasstacks:

Planned and executed by the Indian Army, Operation Brasstacks was a major combined arms military exercise of the Indian Armed Forces in the Rajasthan state of India, adjacent to the border with Pakistan. It took place in 1986.

While India claims that the operation was merely to test the new concepts in Indian warfare, over 600,000 Indian troops had been amassed near the border of Pakistan - which is precisely why many claims revolve around Operation Brasstacks not being a military exercise, but a scheme to build up the situation for a fourth war with Pakistan.

The PAEC weapon testing team at Koh Kambaran, with team leader Samar Mubarakmand (right of the man in the blue beret), Tariq Salija, Irfan Burney, and Tasneem Shah. The better known A. Q. Khan of Kahuta Research Laboratories (KRL) is left of the man in the blue beret (who may be General Zulfikar Ali).

Timeline:

In December 1989, armed resistance to Indian rule in occupied Kashmir began with support from Pakistan. Then in April 1990, a crisis in the valley broke out as Indian military mobilisation threatened to incite war between India and Pakistan. Following this, in May 1998, India detonated five nuclear devices - and in response, Pakistan claimed six detonations, averting a full-scale India-Pakistan war.

Brief History of Pakistan's Nuclear Programme:

Pakistan's nuclear weapons programme was established in 1972 by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, who founded the programme while he was minister for fuel, power and natural resources, and later became president and prime minister. Shortly after the loss of East Pakistan in the 1971 war with India, Bhutto initiated the programme with a meeting of physicists and engineers at Multan in January 1972.

According to Pakistan's Nuclear Weapons Program archives, India's test created an untenable situation for then Prime Minister Mohammad Nawaz Sharif. In the wake of India's tests, Pakistan felt an urgent need to demonstrate its own prowess in a similar manner for many reasons - to deny India the unilateral technical advantage it might have gained from conducting tests and to revise the power dynamics between the two countries.

Pressure for test spanned the political spectrum from liberals like opposition leader Benazir Bhutto to the religious right. Bhutto reportedly went so far as to declare that "if there is the military capability to eliminate India's nuclear capacity, it should be used."

[bestinbareilly]

Best IVF Hospital in Bareilly

When searching for the best IVF hospital in Bareilly, there are several factors to consider. Look for a facility with a dedicated team of experienced fertility specialists, state-of-the-art infrastructure, and a high success rate in IVF procedures. Patient reviews and testimonials can provide valuable insights into the quality of care and patient satisfaction.

Additionally, consider the hospital’s range of services, availability of advanced technologies, and personalised treatment plans. This article will help you make an informed decision for your IVF journey in Bareilly.

The Best IVF Hospital in Bareilly

Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre has emerged as the leading IVF hospital in Bareilly, offering hope and joy to countless couples struggling with infertility. With its state-of-the-art facilities and a team of experienced fertility specialists, Sunrise IVF provides personalised and comprehensive care to patients.

The hospital is renowned for its high success rates in assisted reproductive techniques like IVF and test tube baby procedures. Its patient-centric approach, advanced technology, and compassionate staff make Sunrise IVF the preferred choice for couples seeking effective infertility treatments in Bareilly. Trust Sunrise IVF and Test Tube Baby Centre to fulfil your dreams of parenthood.

Sunrise IVF Centre, owned by Dr. Shabina Khan, a renowned gynaecologist and IVF specialist, is a leading fertility clinic. With a commitment to providing exceptional reproductive healthcare, Dr. Khan and her dedicated team offer a comprehensive range of assisted reproductive technologies, including in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and test tube baby procedures. They strive to support couples on their journey towards parenthood, combining expertise with compassion to fulfil the dreams of aspiring parents.

Why select Sunrise IVF and Test Tube Baby Centre for successful IVF treatment?

In recent years, the field of assisted reproductive technology has witnessed remarkable advancements, making it possible for many couples to fulfil their dream of having a baby.

In vitro fertilisation (IVF) has emerged as a reliable and effective solution for those struggling with infertility. When it comes to selecting an IVF centre, one name that stands out for its exceptional success rates and patient-focused care is Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre. This article aims to shed light on why choosing Sunrise IVF and Test Tube Baby Centre can significantly increase the chances of a successful IVF journey.

Cutting-Edge Technology and Infrastructure: Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre prides itself on providing state-of-the-art technology and infrastructure to ensure the highest level of care for their patients. The centre is equipped with the latest advancements in reproductive medicine, including advanced embryology laboratories, high-resolution ultrasound machines, and a well-maintained operation theatre. This cutting-edge technology plays a pivotal role in improving the success rates of IVF procedures by offering precise diagnostics and optimal conditions for embryo development.

Experienced and skilled medical team: One of the key factors contributing to the success of an IVF centre is the expertise of its medical team. Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre boasts a team of highly experienced and skilled fertility specialists, reproductive endocrinologists, embryologists, and nurses who work together to provide comprehensive care to each patient. The medical team at Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre stays up-to-date with the latest research and developments in the field, ensuring that patients receive the most advanced and effective treatment options available.

Personalised Treatment Plans: Each couple’s fertility journey is unique, and personalised care is crucial to achieving successful IVF outcomes. Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre recognises this and emphasises a personalised approach to treatment. They conduct thorough diagnostic evaluations and create customised treatment plans tailored to the specific needs and circumstances of each patient. By addressing individual factors that may affect fertility, such as age, medical history, and previous treatment outcomes, the centre maximises the chances of success in each case.

Comprehensive Support Services: Undergoing IVF treatment can be emotionally and physically challenging for couples. Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre understands this and provides comprehensive support services to help patients throughout their journey. They offer counselling and emotional support to help couples cope with the stress and anxiety associated with fertility treatments. The centre also provides guidance on lifestyle modifications, nutritional counselling, and complementary therapies to optimise overall reproductive health and improve treatment outcomes.

Transparent and Ethical Practises: Transparency and ethical practises are vital considerations when choosing an IVF centre. Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre maintains the highest standards of integrity and transparency in its practises. They ensure that patients are well-informed about the treatment process, costs, success rates, and potential risks before embarking on their IVF journey. This commitment to transparency builds trust and confidence among patients, enabling them to make well-informed decisions.

Impressive Success Rates: Ultimately, the success rates of an IVF centre serve as a critical metric for assessing its effectiveness. Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre has consistently achieved impressive success rates in assisted reproduction treatments. These rates reflect the centre’s commitment to excellence, cutting-edge technology, and personalised care. The high success rates are a testament to the expertise and dedication of the medical team, making Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre a preferred choice for couples seeking successful IVF outcomes.

Highly affordable and budget-friendly: Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre in Bareilly is a highly affordable and budget-friendly IVF hospital. With a commitment to making fertility treatments accessible to all, they offer cost-effective services without compromising on quality. Couples can find hope and assistance in their journey towards parenthood without financial stress.

When it comes to choosing the best IVF hospital in Bareilly for a successful IVF journey, Sunrise IVF & Test Tube Baby Centre undoubtedly stands out. With its advanced technology, experienced medical team, personalised treatment plans, and comprehensive support services. Read more…

[theindiareview]

Dr VD Mehta: The Story of ‘’Synthetic Fibre Man’’ of India

In view of his humble beginning and his academic, research and professional achievements, Dr VD Mehta would inspire and serve as a role model for the current and coming generations of chemical engineers wishing to leave a mark on the industry. Born on c. 11 October 1938 to Mr Tikan Mehta and Smt Radha Bai in Khanpur (Rahim Yar Khan district) in erstwhile Bhawalpur State of Pakistan, Vas Dev Mehta migrated to India as a refugee after partition in 1947 at young age and settled along with his parent in Rajpura PEPSU Patilala district. He belonged to Bhawalpuri Hindu community. He started his education in Rajpura and Ambala. After completing Intermediate of Science, he decided to go to Bombay for higher studies much against the wishes of his father who had wanted him to work and contribute in the local shop that he had started to earn the livelihood. In summer of 1960, he moved to Bombay (now Mumbai) and enrolled himself in Bachelor of Chemical Engineering course at University Department of Chemical Technology (UDCT), University of Bombay (now called Institute of Chemical Technology ICT). Bombay then was famous for film stars like Dilip Kumar, Raj Kapoor and Dev Anand. Emulating these heroes, youngsters would flock to Bombay to become actors however young Vas Dev chose to go to Bombay to become a chemical engineer instead. Perhaps he was inspired by the call of nationalist leaders to develop industries and he saw potential in growth of chemical industry in India. He completed B. Chem Engr in 1964 but did not take up any job in the industry immediately. Instead he continued his further studies joining MSc Tech in Chemical Technology at his alma mater UDCT. The legendary Prof MM Sharma had just returned back to UDCT as youngest professor after completing his PhD from Cambridge. VD Mehta was his first post-graduate student. Based on his Master’s thesis, the first research paper Effect of diffusion on gas-side mass transfer coefficient was published in 1966 in an international journal Chemical Engineering Science. Soon after his master’s he took up a job in Nirlon in their Nylon Textile production. The synthetic fibre industry was taking its root in India then. While in the industry, he realised the importance of research hence he returned back to UDCT in 1968 to complete his PhD. It was uncommon those days to complete masters, go to industry and then come back to do PhD. Prof MM Sharma remembers him as a highly talented hard-working researcher, a kind of introvert person who mostly limited himself to the laboratory. No wonder he finished his PhD in record two and half years. During his early PhD period, we come across his second research paper Mass transfer in plate columns co-authored with Sharma MM and Mashelkar RA. This was published in British Chemical Engineering in 1969. He submitted his doctoral thesis in 1970 (Mehta, V. D., Ph.D. Tech. Thesis, University of Bombay, India 1970) which has been cited in many papers later on. A scholarship awarded by the University Grants Commission had enabled him to carry out this work. Based on his PhD theses, another paper Mass transfer in mechanical agitated gas-liquid contactors was published in 1971 in the journal Chemical Engineering Science. This paper seems to be a seminal work in chemical engineering and has been cited in hundreds of later research papers. Soon after completion of doctoral degree, Dr Mehta returned back to chemical industry, to his passion ”Synthetic Fibre’’. He dedicated his entire life to chemical industry dealing with Polyester staple fibre (PSF), fabrics, yarn etc. and rose to heights in terms of expertise and management hierarchy. He worked with Sri Ram Fibres (SRF) Ltd.in Madras (now Chennai) till 1980.Mr IB Lal, a batchmate of Prof MM Sharma was his senior here. During his tenure with SRF, he was member of Industrial Textiles Sectional Committee and in this capacity he contributed in formulating standard for cotton liner fabrics IS: 9998 – 1981 Specification for Cotton Liner Fabrics. In 1980 he moved to western India, the industrial growth Centre of India. He joined Baroda Rayon Corporation (BRC) Surat and was General Manager (GM) till 1991. Prof Sharma recalled visiting his home and spending a night at his home in Udhana near Surat. In 1991, he shifted to north India in Ghaziabad near Delhi as Senior Vice President with Swadeshi Polytex Ltd (SPL). He was also President of Ghaziabad Management Association during 1993-1994. In 1994, he took over the role of CEO of Terene Fibre India Ltd (TFIL) formerly called Chemical and Fibres India Ltd (CAFI) in Ghansoli, New Mumbai. TFIL (formerly CAFI) was an ICI unit which merged with Reliance. Dr Mehta headed TFIL during this transition phase and turned around this Unit and brought much higher production before moving back to his native town Rajpura in Punjab to his parents. Now, in 1996 he was back to Rajpura after 36 years of service to chemical industry of India as an expert on synthetic fibre. He did not come to retire but to give expression to the suppressed ”entrepreneur’’ in him. He set up a small PET bottle plant (first of its kind in that region) in Rajpura in 1996. Shree Nath Techno Products Private Limited (SNTPPL), Rajpura the company founded by Dr Mehta ran successfully (albeit at lower scale) till 2010 when he suffered cerebral stroke. After a brief illness, he left for his heavenly abode on 10 August 2010. Certainly, Dr VD Mehta appears to be one of illustrious alumnus of UDCT who left an indelible mark on synthetic fibre division of chemical industry of India of his time. However, surprisingly his alma mater UDCT does not seem to have any mention of him on its alumni website let alone any recognition or award ever being conferred on him. Notwithstanding, in view of his humble beginning and his academic, research and professional achievements, he would inspire and serve as a role model for the current and coming generations of chemical engineers wishing to leave a mark on the industry. *** Author: Umesh PrasadThe author is an alumnus of the London School of Economics and a UK based former academic.The views and opinions expressed on this website are solely those of the author(s) and other contributor(s), if any. Read the full article

[severewizardphilosopher]

Does North Korea Have Nuclear Weapons?

Does North Korea Have Nuclear Weapons?

Despite North Korea's recent test of a nuclear weapon, there is no evidence that the nation has already conducted a successful nuclear test. The country has a military nuclear weapons program and is believed to have sufficient fissile material for six to seven nuclear weapons a year. By early 2020, the country is expected to have at least 30 to 40 nuclear weapons, according to experts.

North Korea's nuclear status is a matter between the United States and the IAEA

Whether or not North Korea has nuclear weapons remains a contentious issue. The debate in Washington and Seoul revolves around the potential damage to the global nonproliferation regime.

The United States has long been the lone global power to take the lead in dealing with the threat of North Korean nuclear weapons. The Clinton administration was a prime example of this. Among its many accomplishments, the President scaled back the annual Team Spirit war exercises with South Korea, and canceled the nuclear weapons training program.

In the aftermath of the Cold War, the diplomatic landscape on the Korean Peninsula was reshaped. The Soviet Union, China, and North Korea all established diplomatic relations with each other. They also entered into a six-party process to address the issue. Ultimately, the international community's best efforts to halt North Korea's path to a nuclear weapon failed.

On January 10, 2003, North Korea announced its intention to withdraw from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). The announcement was followed by a second test of a missile that can carry a nuclear warhead. The test was not only a serious provocation to Japan, but also sent a message to the U.S., which had been threatening to issue an ultimatum.

Pyongyang's proposal for a step-by-step solution

During the last decade, North Korea has conducted several nuclear tests, a couple of which are regarded by many as significant. During the same time, the country has developed intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) that can carry a nuclear warhead. In addition, it has also tested solid-fueled short-range ballistic missiles.

Although the world is abuzz with talk of newer, improved nuclear weapons, the actual number of nuclear devices in the DPRK is hard to ascertain. It is estimated that North Korea has about 2,500 to 5,000 tons of chemical and biological weapons, most of which are categorized as "small."

The DPRK's latest development is its missile technology. It has also recently test-fired a more maneuverable long-range cruise missile that can frustrate missile defense systems. In addition, the DPRK has been helping Egypt, Iran, Yemen, Libya, Pakistan, and Syria build operational missiles.

It is a well-known fact that Russia helped Pyongyang develop its nuclear research and development programs during the late 1950s and early 1980s. The Russians supplied light-water and nuclear fuel, as well as the designs for ICBMs, missiles, and rockets.

In September of 2006, Pyongyang announced its intentions to test a nuclear weapon. At the same time, it announced its willingness to realize such a feat, if the United States increased pressure on the DPRK.

Pyongyang's response to South Korea's "sunshine policy"

During his inaugural speech, South Korean President Kim Dae-jung announces the "sunshine policy," which aims to improve inter-Korean relations. While the policy has been criticized by some, it has been praised by other analysts, who note that the policy is a positive step towards the goal of better relations.

Following the announcement, the United States imposes new sanctions on two North Korean entities. The sanctions respond to Pyongyang's transfer of missile technology to the Khan Research Laboratory.

The sanctions also impose penalties on a Swiss company that procured goods with weapons-related applications for North Korea. The company's activities were a violation of the Iran Nonproliferation Act of 2000. The Treasury Department also imposes penalties on the Swiss company.

The North Korean delegation to the Olympics included Kim Jong Un's sister. Kim Jong Un stated that the country's nuclear arsenal was complete in January.

North Korea threatens to invade South Korea if it were threatened with a nuclear strike. It also ejects International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) monitors from the Yongbyon nuclear complex. During the meeting, the North Koreans demanded an exorbitant amount of fuel for the reactor. They stated that light water reactors are essential for the country.

During the meeting, the delegation discussed several methods to resolve U.S. concerns, including a joint U.S.-North Korean consultative committee.

[pkjobs]

HRI Jobs 2022 | Horticultural Research Institute Headquarters Announced Latest Recruitments

HRI Jobs 2022 | Horticultural Research Institute Headquarters Announced Latest Recruitments

Horticultural Research Institute HRI Jobs 2022 has announced the latest jobs in its organization. Candidates from all over Pakistan are eligible to apply for the given government jobs. Horticultural Research Institute HRI Bahawalpur, bahawalpur and dera ghazi khan Punjab Pakistan invites applications from eligible candidates for the post of chowkidar, bidder, sweeper, laboratory attendant and…

[emergingpakistan]

میرا رب کبھی مجھے تنہا نہیں چھوڑے گا، ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان کا آخری کالم

دیکھئے اللہ تعالیٰ نے جو بے شمار نعمتیں ہمیں عطا کی ہیں وہ ہم کبھی دنیا بھر کے درختوں کے قلموں اور سمندروں کی سیاہی یا روشنائی سے بھی مکمل طور پر نہیں لکھ سکتے۔ آپ سے چند چیزوں کا ذکر کرتا ہوں مثلاً ہدایت، رزق، صحت، مال و دولت، قوّت و طاقت، عزت وغیرہ۔ سب سے زیادہ اہم نعمت ہدایت ہے۔ سورۃ کہف، آیت 17 میں اللہ تعالیٰ فرماتا ہے کہ ’’جس کو اللہ ہدایت دے وہ ہدایت یاب ہے اور جس کو وہ گمراہ کرے تو تم اس کے لئے کوئی دوست ہدایت دینے والا، راہ دکھانے والا نہ پائو گے‘‘۔ کلام مجید میں بار بار ان چیزوں کا ذکر ہے جن کا میں نے ابھی اوپر ذکر کیا ہے۔ آج آپ کی خدمت میں غورو خوض کے لئے ان ہی چند باتوں کی جانب توجہ دلانا چاہتا ہوں۔ آپ جانتے ہیں کہ ہندو ایک نہایت تعلیم یافتہ قوم ہے ان کی تاریخ و تہذیب بہت پرانی ہے۔ یہ دنیا میں اپنی عقل و فہم کے بارے میں مشہور ہیں۔ اتنی پرانی تہذیب، اعلیٰ تعلیم، عقل و فہم کے باوجود اللہ تعالیٰ کی ہدایت سے محروم ہیں۔ گائے کا پیشاب پیتے ہیں۔ گوبر کھا لیتے ہیں۔ یہی نہیں بلکہ خود مٹی اور لکڑی کی مورتیاں بناتے ہیں اور ان کو نعوذ باللہ خدا مان کر پوجتے ہیں جو چیز آپ خود بنائیں خود اس کے خالق ہوں وہ آپ کا خالق کیسے ہو سکتا ہے؟

ٍیہی حال مسیحیوں کا ہے۔ ایک صلیب، کراس بناتے ہیں اس پر حضرت عیسیٰ ؑ کی مورتی بناتے ہیں اور اس کو پوجتے ہیں۔ اعلیٰ تعلیم یافتہ عیسائی دیوار پر ایسی ہی لگی مورتی کو پوجتے ہیں، بیمار ہوتے ہیں تو اس کراس اور مورتی کو لپٹ کر پکڑتے ہیں اور دعائیں مانگتے ہیں یہ جانتے ہوئے بھی کہ یہ پیتل کا ٹکڑا نا ان کی فریاد سن سکتا ہے اور نا ہی فائدہ پہنچا سکتا ہے۔ مسلمان بھی ایسی باتوں سے مبرّا نہیں ہیں لاتعداد رسم و رواج بنا رکھے ہیں جو اسلام کے بنیادی اصولوں کے خلاف ہیں۔ مثلاً رسول اللہﷺ کے وصال کے بعد ہی مسیلمہ بن کذّاب نے نبوّت کا دعویٰ کر دیا، حالانکہ ابھی اسلام کی تعلیم، اللہ کے فرمان، احادیث تازہ تھیں۔ حضرت ابوبکر صدیقؓ نے فوراً اس فتنے کا سر کچلنے کا حکم دیا، ہزاروں مسلمان جن میں تقریباً 1200 جیّد صحابی تھے شہید ہو گئے مگر اس فتنہ کا سر کچل دیا گیا۔ آپ سوچئے کلام مجید یعنی فرمان اِلٰہی کی موجودگی میں بھی کیا یہ ممکن تھا! جی تھا، جب ہی تو ہوا اور سورۃ کہف کی آیت کی سچائی ثابت ہوئی۔ کلام مجید میں بار بار آیا ہے کہ اللہ اور اس کے رسول (محمدؐ) کی اطاعت کرو ان کے فرمان کی نافرمانی کرو گے تو سخت عذاب اور عتاب نازل ہو گا۔ اس پر مزید روشنی ڈالنے اور اہمیت بتانے کے لئے اللہ پاک نے فرمایا ہے کہ اللہ کے رسول اور اللہ کے احکامات کی تعمیل کرو۔ پھر کلام مجید میں صاف صاف فرمایا کہ محمدؐ اللہ کے آخری رسول ہیں اور مہر لگا دی گئی ہے کہ اب کوئی اور نبی نہیں آئے گا۔ 

خود رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے خطبہ حجۃ الوداع میں صاف صاف فرمایا کہ لوگو سنو! اب میرے بعد کوئی نبی نہیں آئے گا اور نا ہی کوئی نئی اُمت آئے گی۔ پھر انسان اپنی فطرت (جھگڑالو، جلدباز اور احسان فراموشی وغیرہ) کی وجہ سے ایسی باتیں کرتا ہے جو اللہ اور اس کے فرمان کے سخت خلاف ہیں۔ دیکھئے ایسے رویے ایسے کردار کے لئے اللہ تعالیٰ نے کلام مجید میں کئی جگہ فرمایا ہے۔ ’’بہرے، گونگے، اندھے ہیں پس یہ اپنی گمراہی سے باز نہیں آسکتے، بہرے گونگے اندھے ہیں پس یہ دیکھتے نہیں، بہرے گونگے اندھے ہیں پس یہ سمجھتے نہیں ہیں۔ ہم نے ان کے دلوں پر مہر لگا دی ہے یعنی سوچنے اور سمجھنے کی قوّت کو سلب کر لیا ہے اور ان کو اب کوئی صحیح راہ نہیں دکھا سکتا۔ دیکھئے آج بھی وہی المیہ ہے جو 1400 سال سے کچھ پہلے موجود تھا۔ یعنی ہم تو وہی کرینگے جو ہمارے آبائو اجداد کرتے آئے ہیں۔ آج کی نئی جوان قوم کے دماغ اور دل میں بھی یہی چیز سما گئی ہے۔ اگر والدین غلط راہ، یعنی دین اسلام اور احکامات اِلٰہی کے منافی کاموں میں مصروف ہیں تو اس کو صحیح اور جائز سمجھ کر اس کی پیروی کرتے ہیں۔ نماز نہ پڑھنا، شراب پینا اور دوسرے غلط کاموں کی نقل عام ہے۔ 

میں نے اپنے پچھلے کالم میں ایک مفید مشورہ دیا تھا کہ ریڈیو پاکستان صبح 7 بجے سے رات تک صوت القرآن کے نام سے تلاوت قرآن مع اردو ترجمہ پیش کرتا ہے یہ بہت ہی اعلیٰ پروگرام ہے آپ دکان میں، بڑے ڈیپارٹمنٹل اسٹورز میں نرم آواز یعنی ہلکی آواز میں اس کو لگائیں۔ آواز اُونچی، لوگوں کو ہراساں کرنے والی نہ ہو۔ آپ اللہ کے احکامات سن سن کر ان پر عمل کرنے لگیں گے۔ اور عوام بھی۔ (نوٹ) پچھلے کالم میں سورہ یوسف کی جگہ سورہ کہف لکھ دیا گیا تھا اور سورہ قمر کی جگہ سورہ حجرات شائع ہو گیا تھا۔ صحیح کر لیں، معذرت خواہ ہوں۔ اب تک مجھے روز ہزاروں ہمدردوں کی نیک خواہشات اور دُعائیں بذریعہ ای میل، ایس ایم ایس، واٹس ایپ موصول ہو رہی ہیں اللہ پاک قبول فرمائے۔ آپ سب کا تہہ دل سے شکر گزار ہوں۔ الحمداللہ اب پہلے سے صحت بہت بہتر اور خطرے سے باہر ہے صر�� تھوڑی کمزوری ہے ان شااللہ وہ بھی جلد دور ہو جائے گی۔ حقیقت یہ ہے کہ میرا رب کبھی مجھے تنہا نہ چھوڑے گا۔

روزنامہ جنگ کو ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان کے کالم ہفتہ وار شائع کرنے کا اعزاز حاصل تھا۔ ڈاکٹر صاحب کا آخری کالم ملاحظہ فرمائیں۔ (ادارہ)

بشکریہ روزنامہ جنگ

[risingpakistan]

محسنِ پاکستان ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان کی رخصتی

قائد اعظم محمد علی جناح ؒ کے بعد وطنِ عزیز پاکستان کی جن اہم ترین شخصیات کو عوامی محبت و اکرام ملا، ذو الفقار علی بھٹو اور ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان ان میں ممتاز ترین اور سر فہرست حیثیت رکھتے ہیں۔ بعض مقامی اور بین الاقوامی قوتوں نے دونوں شخصیات کو متنازع بنانے کی کوشش کی۔ عوام مگر دونوں کا دل و جاں سے احترام و اکرام کرتے رہے۔ دونوں کا ’’قصور‘‘ یہ تھا کہ ایک نے پاکستان کے ایٹمی پروگرام کی اساس رکھی اور دوسرے نے پاکستان کو ایٹمی طاقت بنا کر اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان کو ناقابلِ تسخیر بنا دیا۔ افسوس اور دکھ کی بات یہ ہے کہ ان دونوں عظیم پاکستانی شخصیات کی موت اس حال میں ہُوئی کہ ایک پھانسی کے تختے پر اُس وقت جھول گیا جب ملک آمریت کے سائے تلے کراہ رہا تھا اور دوسرے نے ایسے حالوں میں موت کو لبیک کہا کہ اسپتال میں کوئی اہم ترین سرکاری شخصیت اُن کی تیمار داری اور پرسش کے لیے حاضر نہ ہو سکی۔ جی ہاں ، پاکستان کی یہ اہم ترین اور محترم ترین شخصیت اب ہمارے درمیان میں نہیں رہی۔ 

ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان اپنے خالق کے پاس حاضر ہو گئے ہیں۔ اُن سے پوری پاکستانی قوم کی محبت کا یہ عالم تھا کہ اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان کے کروڑوں عوام نے اُن کی بے مثل خدمات کے صلے میں انھیں ’’محسنِ پاکستان‘‘ کے لقب سے نوازا۔ محسنِ پاکستان ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان پچھلے چند ہفتوں سے خاصے بیمار تھے۔ کووِڈ 19کے اِس جاں سوز اورمہلک موسم سے وہ بھی متاثر ہُوئے تھے؛ چنانچہ اسپتال میں داخل کر دیے گئے تھے۔ پہلے اسلام آباد میں اور پھر راولپنڈی میں۔ درمیان میں کچھ دنوں کے لیے اُن کی صحت سنبھل بھی گئی تھی لیکن مکمل صحت کی جانب وہ لَوٹ نہ سکے۔ بسترِ علالت پر انھیں اس بات کا شدید رنج اور قلق تھا کہ کوئی ایک بھی اہم سرکاری اور غیر سرکاری شخصیت اُن کی عیادت کے لیے نہ آ سکی تھی؛ چنانچہ ایک انگریزی اخبار کے رپورٹر سے انھوں نے اس بات کا بر ملا گلہ اور افسوس بھی کیا تھا۔ کسی حکمران نے فون کے ذریعے بھی اُن کا حال تک نہ پوچھا۔ ہماری سیاسی اور مقتدر شخصیات اس قدر بے حس ہو چکی ہیں کہ کسی اَن دیکھی طاقت سے خوف کھاتے ہُوئے بسترِ مرگ پر پڑے اُس شخص کا حال احوال پوچھنے سے بھی گریزاں رہیں جس نے پاکستان کو ہر قسم کے دشمنوں کی یلغار سے ہمیشہ کے لیے محفوظ و مامون بنا ڈالا۔ 

ڈاکٹر قدیر خان کی عیادت کے لیے نہ تو ہمارے صدر صاحب جا سکے، نہ وزیر اعظم صاحب اور نہ ہی کوئی اپوزیشن لیڈر۔ ڈاکٹر خان سے بے پناہ محبت کرنے والے عوام کو بھی اُن ملنے نہیں دیا جاتا تھا۔ سخت پابندیاں تھیں۔ وہ شدید تنہائی اور قید کے ماحول میں اپنے اللہ کے پاس پہنچے ہیں۔ اتنے بڑے احسانوں کی ایسی سزا؟ یہ تو کبھی انھوں نے اُس وقت سوچا بھی نہ ہو گا جب وہ ہالینڈ میں ایک شاندار ملازمت اور پُر آسائش زندگی کو تیاگ کر محض اپنے وطن کی کامل خدمت کرنے کے لیے اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان آئے تھے۔ پاکستان ک�� ایٹمی پروگرام کی دشمنی اور مخالفت میں امریکی اور مغربی ممالک اور وہاں کے میڈیا نے محسنِ پاکستان ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان کے خلاف بھرپور مہمات چلائیں لیکن وہ سب مل کر بھی پاکستانی عوام کے دلوں سے ڈاکٹر خان کی محبت ختم نہ کروا سکے ۔ ہمارے ملک کے نامور اخبار نویس اور ’’ایکسپریس‘‘ کے معروف کالم نگار جناب عبدالقادر حسن مرحوم جب تک حیات رہے، ہمیشہ ڈاکٹر خان کا ذکر اعلیٰ ترین الفاظ میں اور محبت سے کرتے رہے۔

عبدالقادر حسن صاحب مرحوم ہر اُس مقامی اور عالمی شخصیت اور ادارے کی بھی گوشمالی کرتے تھے جوتعصب سے مغلوب ہو کر ڈاکٹر خان کو ہدف بناتے تھے۔ اسلام آباد میں فروکش ممتاز صحافی جناب زاہد ملک مرحوم بھی ڈاکٹر خان کے سب سے بڑے حامی تھے۔ زاہد ملک صاحب نے تو ڈاکٹر خان کی شخصیت اور خدمات پر مبنی ایک ضخیم کتاب ( محسنِ پاکستان کی ڈی بریفنگ) بھی لکھی۔ اس تصنیف میں ڈاکٹر خان پر عائد کیے جانے والے متنوع الزامات کا شافی جواب بھی دیا گیا۔ اور یہ جناب مجیب الرحمن شامی کا جریدہ (قومی ڈائجسٹ) تھا جس نے پاکستان میں سب سے پہلے ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان کا مفصل انٹرویو شایع کیا تھا۔ ویسے تو عالمی سطح پر ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان کا نام اور پاکستان کو جوہری طاقت بنانے کے حوالے سے اُن کی شخصیت کی باز گشت عالمی میڈیا میں مسلسل سنائی دیتی رہتی تھی لیکن اس بازگشت میں اُس وقت بے پناہ اضافہ ہُوا جب ممتاز بھارتی صحافی، آنجہانی کلدیپ نئیر، نے بھارت سے اسلام آباد آ کر ڈاکٹر خان کا مفصل انٹرویو کیا۔ اسی تاریخی انٹرویو میں پہلی بار اعتراف اور اعلان کیا گیا تھا کہ پاکستان ایٹمی طاقت بن چکا ہے۔

یہ انٹرویو پاکستان کے ایک اہم صحافی ، جو اب مشہور سیاستدان بھی ہیں، کے توسط سے کیا گیا تھا۔ یہ انٹرویو بذاتِ خود ایٹم بم بن کر بھارت کے حواس پر گرا تھا۔ ساتھ ہی ساری دُنیا بھی ششدر رہ گئی تھی۔ کلدیپ نئیر نے اس انٹرویو اور ڈاکٹر خان سے ملاقات کا تفصیلی احوال اپنی سوانح حیات (Beyond The Lines) میں بھی کیا ہے۔ کہا جا سکتا ہے کہ زیڈ اے بھٹو کے بعد ڈاکٹر خان پاکستان کی دوسری شخصیت تھے جن پر کئی غیر ممالک میں کئی کتابیں لکھی گئیں۔ مغربی ممالک میں انھیں ایک پُر اسرار اور اساطیری کردار کی حیثیت میں بھی یاد کیا جاتا تھا۔ یہ ڈاکٹرعبدالقدیر خان کی وطن سے شدید محبت اور محنت کا نتیجہ تھا کہ بالآخر اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان 28 مئی 1998 کو عالمِ اسلام کی پہلی جوہری طاقت بن گیا۔ برملا ایٹمی دھماکے کر کے پاکستان کو دُنیا کی جوہری طاقتوں میں شامل کرنے کا یہ اعزاز جناب میاں محمد نواز شریف کا مقدر بنا۔ پوری پاکستانی قوم وہ دُکھی لمحہ نہیں بھول سکتی جب ڈاکٹر خان صاحب کو، پاکستان کے ایک آمر کے جبریہ دَور میں، پی ٹی وی پر اپنے ناکردہ گناہوں کا اعتراف کرنے پر مجبور کیا گیا۔ ایسا اقدام کر کے شاید ہمارے حکمرانوں نے اپنی جان عالمی قوتوں سے چھڑا لی ہو لیکن ذلت کا یہ لمحہ پوری پاکستانی قوم آج تک فراموش نہیں کر سکی۔ 

اور وہ لمحہ بھی ہمارے لیے شرمناک ہی تھا جب ڈاکٹر خان اسلام آباد کی ایک سڑک کے فٹ پاتھ پر بیٹھے، پاؤں میں معمولی ��ی چپل پہنے، ایک ٹی وی اینکر سے گفتگو کر رہے تھے۔ جبر کا یہ عالم تھا کہ محسنِ پاکستان کا چہرہ پاکستان کے کسی ٹی وی پر دکھایا جا سکتا تھا نہ اُن کی گفتگو سنائی جا سکتی تھی۔ اپنے محسنوں سے کوئی ایسا بھی کرتا ہے؟ لیکن ہمارے حکمرانوں اور فیصلہ سازوں نے یہ انہونی بھی کر کے دکھا دی۔ اس جبریہ اور قہریہ ماحول میں محض سانسیں لیتے ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان کو احساس ہو گیا تھا کہ اب وہ شاید زیادہ دنوں تک زندہ نہ بچ سکیں؛ چنانچہ انھوں نے ایک معاصر میں خود ہی اپنے بارے میں یہ الفاظ شایع کروا دیے تھے :’’میری وفات کے بعد پورے پاکستان کے ہر شہر، ہر گاؤں، ہر گلی کوچے میں آپ لوگوں نے میرے لیے جنازہ پڑھنا ہے اور دعائے مغفرت کرنا ہے‘‘۔ محسنِ پاکستان ڈاکٹر عبدالقدیر خان کو اللہ کریم اپنے جوارِ رحمت میں جگہ عطا فرمائے۔ ( آمین )۔

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