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#Isabella Wilhelm
diioonysus · 1 year
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art + hair pieces
#orientatalin by edouard frederic wilhelm richter#cant find this one#this one either its tougher than you think to reverse search them#portrait of josephine de beauharnais by francois gerard#the marquise de seignelay and two of her sons by pierre mignard#infantin isabella clara eugenia at age 13 by alonso sanchez coello#grand duchess alexandra pavlovna romanova of russia but i cant find the artist#marie frederike amalie queen of greece by joseph karl stieler#empress josephine by jean louis viger#queen anna of hungary and bohemia by hans maler#elisabeth of austria by jooris van der straaten#anne wortley by paul van somer#manuela gonzalez velazquez tocando el piano by zacarias gonzalez velazquez#adelingen by heinrich friederich fuger#the unequal marriage by vasili pukirev#idealised portrait of a young women as flora by bartolomeo veneto#a portrait of a noble lady by jan adam kruseman#changing the letter by joseph edward southall#lorelei by james c christensen#the crucifixion by jacob cornelisz van oostsanen#saint dorothy i think this is the title its kinda confusing by i cant find the artist#saint barbara by ambrosius benson#virgin mary by hubert van eyck and jan van eyck#princess maria alexandrovna by ivan makarov#ladies in the blazon room of the winter palace by adolphe ladurner#queen marie therese and her son by charles beaubrun#boyar's wife by konstantin yegorovich#dont know the title but its by barthel bruyn the elder#queen isabella ii of spain by unknown artist#portrait of maria therese charlotte of france by antoine-jean gros
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dcydrecmings · 1 year
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There's a few of my muses that are connected, so for ease of the people who play against them - the 'groups' of joint muses are under the cut!
The Hale's
Michael Hale Jr. - Evan Roderick - NPC - Eldest child
Wilhelm Don Hale - Austin Abrams - Second eldest/Eldest triplet
Odette Odile Juliet Hale - Peyton List - Middle child/Middle triplet
Clara Maria Masha Hale - Natalie Alyn Lind - Second youngest/Youngest triplet
Giselle Martha Hale - Emily Alyn Lind - Youngest child
Sydney Hale - Tilly Keeper - Biological cousin/Adopted daughter
Olympia Turner - Mary Mouser - Illegitimate child.
Group One
Lilly Kane - Natalie Alyn Lind
Veronica Mars - Meg Donnelly
Rebecca Mars - Ashley Puzemis
Paige Echolls - Hunter King
Louise Grant - Hannah Kepple
Amba Laghari - Maitreyi Ramakrishnan
Adella Hernandez - Isabella Gomez
Fabiana Gonzalez - Daniela Nieves
Harrison Hart - Jaren Lewison
Edward Karev - Alex Fitzalan
Samuel Tien - Ben Levin
Group Two
Cora Lewis - Natalie Alyn Lind
Lexi Lewis - Natalie Alyn Lind
Alyvia Lewis - Renee Rapp - Cousin to Cora/Lexi
Camila Gomez - Cierra Ramirez
Benjamin Sutherland - Milo Manheim
Camille Williams - Madison Bailey
Harlow Jennings - Peyton List
Willow Jennings - Victoria Konefal
Anthony Reyes - Froy Gutierrez
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Round 1 Survivors/Losers
Survivors
Part A-
Katniss & Prim
Mike & Nancy
Mario & Luigi
Pugsley & Wednesday
Sonic & Tails
Katara & Sokka
Blosom, Bubbles & Buttercup
Remus & Romulus
Mabel & Dipper
Huey, Dewey & Louie
Dexter & Deedee
Tadashi & Hiro
Cuphead & Mugman
Anna & Elsa
Part B-
Crash & Eddie
Sarah, Winifred & Mary
Peter & Edmund
Violet & Dash
Faramir & Boromir
Will, El & Johnathan
Sunny, Klaus & Violet
Kinsey, Tyler & Bode
Isabella, Mirabel y Luisa
Shaggy & Scooby
Zack & Ivy
T'Challa & Shuri
Lucy & Susan
Agnes, Margo & Edith
Losers
Part B-
Peter & Judy
Zelena & Regina
Bart & Lisa
Morgana & Arthur
Hansel & Gretel
Zuko & Azula
Harper & Cullen
Scar & Mufasa
Chris & Liam
Astrix & Obelix
Zeus, Poseidon & Hades
Mary-Kate & Ashley
Tom & Jerry
Jacob & Wilhelm
Alvin, Theodore & Simon
Ben & Gwen
Part A-
Chip & Dale
Theo & Apollo
Anthony & Timothy
Maya & Alejandro
Wanda & Pietro
Thor & Loki
Charlie & Torri
Peter & Nathan
Sam & Dean
Luke & Leia
Buffy & Dawn
Emily & Sophie
Wolverine & Sabertooth
Sherlock & Mycroft
Nebula & Gamora
Henry & Piper
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lesewut · 2 years
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"The Secrets of Inquisition and Other Secret Societies in Spain" written by Victor de Féréal in 1845 (due to my researches, found out that behind this name is Madame de Suberwick) revised by M. de Cuendiaz and tranlated into German by L. von Alvensleben. The seamy shady side of history can sometimes be so dark and terrifying, that it could easily compete with every horror movie. The 16th century is not without cause, one of the darkest epochs.
“(…) if the one, who is ruling, would be a good shepherd, he would not allow greedy people to shear his sheeps, who would cut with the scissor down to the flesh, to get the wool together with the blood. The indulgence against the Inquisition is nothing more than political calculation. The love for gold is, what covers the empire with pyres.”
Sometimes acquiring a book and have no real clear expectations, it can fastly turn into astonishment. Do not know, why calculating with an historical non-fictional book, I've achieved an amazing fictional book, that is creativily integrating "The Secrets" and "Underworld Jargon" into a romantic frame-story:
Sevilla in 1534 under King Charles V., the Catholic sale of indulgences at the zenith, just some decades after the Reconquista and rediscovery of "El Nuevo Mundo"- The daughter of the governor gets harassed by the Grand-Inquisitor, though in panic and overstrained by this unexpected and faith-shaking attack, she can fend off his voluptuous intentions. Undismayed the Grand-Inquisitor hires "Los Hermanos De Gardunia" an underground organisation, asking to carry out a contract killing of her fiancé. What an unexpected twist as a Serena (~decoy duck, often young, beautiful women) has sympathy with her age-mate and convincing her partner, who is a Guapo (quite high in the command structure) to help the unfortunate. Spiritual and sacred assistance they get by two priests, who could harldy be more different: Joseph, a minion of the Grand-Inquisitor, belonging to the Dominican Order- Johann, an itinerant preacher of the Fransiscan Order Their conversations and debates about hyprocrisy, Protestant Reformation, abuses of power, the genuine faith (just to name some relevant topics) were not only explicid and lucid, but comprehensible through seeking salvation in the simplicity of the teachings of Jesus: Love and strive to achieve perfection <3
"The luck is here", said the Apostle and laid his hand on his chest.
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For an easier in-depth look I decided to share some of my notes:
In the first centuries of Christianity, popes and priests followed the paths of the Apostles- As long as they were religiously persecuted and suppressed, Christian sovereigns walked humble with God- But --> Roman Empire, who saw its general power endangered and frightened by popular uprisings, so demandment for ruling was executed through Proselytism
It is not really clear who "invented" the Inquisition, some historians locate the origin in Gregory IX. and his appointment of Dominican and Fransiscan Order as executors of Inquisition- -> Extensive preparatory work "Concilium Veronese" in 1184
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1231 -> Papal bull by Gregory IX., forbidding of reading the Bible in profane language
Resistance and Oppenents -> Since early XV. century bloody fights in los commones y cortes defining "Genuine Religious Belief" against the Obscurantism of Roman hegemony -> Significant historic persons: Isabella I. of Castile - Juan de Ávila - Marie de Bourgogne (grandmother of former King Charles V.)- Maria de Bohorques - John of God (big meaning in medicine, bequethed more than 60 hospitals after his death)
King Charles V. and the Reformation -> When taking up his duties, he wanted to eliminate the Inquisitional Court with the support of Wilhelm von Croy and Selvagio BUT -> The Inquisition served political interestes and was used to strenghten and ensure the own throne -> Many souvereigns were affraid to lose their power due to the reformation, so they became members of the Inquisition (it was the surest way to save material possession) -> The King just had the right to write a "Plea" if he wanted the Court to close proceedings, but as his personal preacher Alphons Vivuez got arrested (been accused for his closeness to Reformation), he has no power, cause:
"Charles V. was the King of Spain and the Inquisition was the King of Charles V."
Organised Crime and the Inquisition (This needs a whole book for itself, it is a shame, how pure religion was instrumentalized and deformed for fleshy desires... no wonder, that distrust is still shaking through the bone and soul- what an abuse!) -> Most of the criminals are part of the Spanisch gypsy population called Los Gitanos -> there were several Oranganised Criminal Brotherhoods, but the most important was the "Brotherhood of Gardunia" -> 1821, abrogation of the "Gardunia", register of period 1520 - 1667 gives evidence for 1986 single orders directly from the Inquisition one-third of the cases were kidknappings of girls and women [!!!]
Court of Inquisition -> In every Spanish city was a street called "Callejón de la Inquisición", in the vicinity was the "Castillo de la Inqusición", therein were "The Tribunal Hall" - a chancellery - different kind of chambers (e.g. to repent, which meant long time of isolation and darkness, directly under the attic floor...) and of course the prison, thrirty foot (~9 metres) belowground, 6-8 prisenors in 8,64 m2 ... imagine the only light entering is just a small stripe directly under the ceiling (so to speak the curbstone's cracks...) and the stench [!!!] -> The aim was to torture the inmate as long as it takes to make him confess all of his sins, there were different kind of sinners and "offenses", but in the end, it always ended in social ostracism and/or death -> It was part of the system to make denuncuation as easy and anonym as possible, the denuncuation of important members of the public was not only a guarantor for entering the "Militia Christo" (one of the many institutions to stabilize this greedy malediction...) it also strenghten the power of the Inquisition, incorporating all possession and tracing the descendants -> The Autodafé was kind of the termination of Inquisitional trail, especially festive orchestration were used for demonstrating power and also for fobbing up the folk with gold and alcohol, turning pyres into great spectacles -> In the courtroom, the Throne of Inquisition was higher than the King's throne [!!!] -> So no wonder, that the Supreme Court (established by Fernando de Aragonia) and its court decisions were violated [e.g. the age limit, forbidding to arrest human-beings under 10 and above 60 years ... but the sad example of Maria of Burgundy, who was 85 years old and loved by the folk as the "Mother of the Poor", shows again, how terrible the Inquisition was... torturing her until her death with 90 years, protesting her innocence till her last gasp] -> The procession of the Inquisition was a parade to demonstrate their power, in the first row were the charcoal burner, who had the "privilige" to supply the pyres with wood, which was free of charge
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Suppression of the Folk -> Considering the estate-based society, it must be heartrending to think of the discrepancy of the so called God's will and the hypocrisy of the Inquisition- confusing the genuine belief and replacing values with material -> Fear and civilian espionage were the most effective tools of repression, exploiting the blank belief of the majority
"They accustomed the folk to worhsip the materia, the Divine is for them nothing but an altar made of marble and gold."
Other historical facts -> 1484 fanatic monk Thomas de Torquemada started explicit long-term persuits -> The Inquisition in Portugal was established by J. P. de Saavedra and was supported by the Jesuits -> Donkeys were not only helpful for hard fieldwork, those modest and peaceful poor animals were also used to transport the accussed ones to their destination, their ears were cut off, so the hangman can not sell this sadly accursed creature- but also the Spanish King was carried by mules, except on sunday and holidays [also very exciting, how this liason was appreciated in many cultures for their strenght and modesty in one] -> Moorisch-Andalusian culture, actually all bloomings of the Caliphate, were aggressively suppressed - many insults of today are still attacking converted persons (e.g. the knights of La Abencerraje), especially under Deza and Torquemada - many cultural heritages of the Moors were "racked and ruined", but it is still interesting to find hints of the legacy in language and pronunciation -> Lettre de change - an invention of Jewish and Muslim population in the time of the caliphate, emerged as a compromise solution: By sending their financial backup abroad, they prepared their exile and the poor end of the wonderful, up-lifting and productive epoch, in which all three religion worked and lived peacefully together on the Ibererian peninsula
“You, who could just love and praise, why are you tolerating the crimes of those hangmen?” - “To purify the Good”, said a voice next to me.
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brookstonalmanac · 6 months
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Events 3.31 (before 1930)
307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian. 1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging the necessity of a Second Crusade. Louis VII is present, and joins the Crusade. 1492 – Queen Isabella of Castile issues the Alhambra Decree, ordering her 150,000 Jewish and Muslim subjects to convert to Christianity or face expulsion. 1521 – Ferdinand Magellan and fifty of his men came ashore to present-day Limasawa to participate in the first Catholic mass in the Philippines. 1657 – The Long Parliament presents the Humble Petition and Advice offering Oliver Cromwell the British throne, which he eventually declines. 1706 – The last session of history of the Catalan Courts, the parliamentary body of the Principality of Catalonia, ends. Catalonia's constitutional modernisation passed by the Courts aims to improve the guarantee of individual, political and economic rights (among them, the secrecy of correspondence). 1717 – A sermon on "The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ" by Benjamin Hoadly, the Bishop of Bangor, preached in the presence of King George I of Great Britain, provokes the Bangorian Controversy. 1761 – The 1761 Lisbon earthquake strikes off the Iberian Peninsula with an estimated magnitude of 8.5, six years after another quake destroyed the city. 1774 – American Revolution: The Kingdom of Great Britain orders the port of Boston, Massachusetts closed pursuant to the Boston Port Act. 1814 – The Sixth Coalition occupies Paris after Napoleon's Grande Armée capitulates. 1854 – Commodore Matthew Perry signs the Convention of Kanagawa with the Tokugawa Shogunate, opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade. 1885 – The United Kingdom establishes the Bechuanaland Protectorate. 1889 – The Eiffel Tower is officially opened. 1899 – Malolos, capital of the First Philippine Republic, is captured by American forces. 1901 – Rusalka by Antonín Dvořák premieres at the National Opera House in Prague. 1905 – Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany declares his support for Moroccan independence in Tangier, beginning the First Moroccan Crisis. 1906 – The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the National Collegiate Athletic Association) is established to set rules for college sports in the United States. 1909 – Serbia formally withdraws its opposition to Austro-Hungarian actions in the Bosnian Crisis. 1913 – The Vienna Concert Society rioted during a performance of modernist music by Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Alexander von Zemlinsky, and Anton von Webern, causing a premature end to the concert due to violence; this concert became known as the Skandalkonzert. 1917 – According to the terms of the Treaty of the Danish West Indies, the islands become American possessions. 1918 – Massacre of ethnic Azerbaijanis is committed by allied armed groups of Armenian Revolutionary Federation and Bolsheviks. Nearly 12,000 Azerbaijani Muslims are killed. 1918 – Daylight saving time goes into effect in the United States for the first time. 1921 – The Royal Australian Air Force is formed.
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emotionalrecall · 11 months
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The White Factory casting revealed for the Marylebone Theatre. The cast will include Adrian Schiller, Pearl Chanda and Mark Quartley.
Marylebone Theatre in London has announced casting for its forthcoming new play The White Factory by Russian author and playwright Dmitry Glukhovsky.
Directed by Maxim Didenko, The White Factory is running at Marylebone Theatre from 14 September to 4 November 2023.
The cast will include Adrian Schiller (Victoria, The Last Kingdom) as Chaim Rumkowski and Old Ezekiel, with Pearl Chanda (See How They Run) as Rivke Kaufman, and Mark Quartley (The Ipcress Files) as Yosef Kaufman.
They are joined by James Garnon as SS Wilhelm Koppe, Matthew Spencer as SS Herbert Lange, Olivia Bernstone as Female Ensemble and Lewis Hart as Male Ensemble.
The play is billed as a powerful and urgent new work inspired by real events, following one man’s journey from the Lodz ghetto of 1940’s Poland to 1960’s America, where the possibility of a new life is tested to the limit by the remnants of his past.
Announced in June 2023, The White Factory is produced with Ukrainian creative producer Ekaterina Kashynsteva. Glukhovsky and Didenko are both political exiles because of their outspoken views against Russia’s war with Ukraine.
The wider creative team includes Design by Galya Solodovnikova, Music by Louis Lebee, Lighting design by Alex Musgrave, Sound design by Julian Starr, Associate set and costume designer Isabella Van Braeckel, Assistant director Maria Zemlinskaya, Casting director Helena Palmer CDG, Producers Ekaterina Kashyntseva & Oliver King for Belka Productions, and General managers Wild Yak.
Book tickets to The White Factory at Marylebone Theatre in London
©www.westendtheatre.com
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mrpengesblog · 1 year
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The White Factory casting revealed for the Marylebone Theatre. The cast will include Adrian Schiller, Pearl Chanda and Mark Quartley.
Marylebone Theatre in London has announced casting for its forthcoming new play The White Factory by Russian author and playwright Dmitry Glukhovsky.
Directed by Maxim Didenko, The White Factory is running at Marylebone Theatre from 14 September to 4 November 2023.
The cast will include Adrian Schiller (Victoria, The Last Kingdom) as Chaim Rumkowski and Old Ezekiel, with Pearl Chanda (See How They Run) as Rivke Kaufman, and Mark Quartley (The Ipcress Files) as Yosef Kaufman.
They are joined by James Garnon as SS Wilhelm Koppe, Matthew Spencer as SS Herbert Lange, Olivia Bernstone as Female Ensemble and Lewis Hart as Male Ensemble.
The play is billed as a powerful and urgent new work inspired by real events, following one man’s journey from the Lodz ghetto of 1940’s Poland to 1960’s America, where the possibility of a new life is tested to the limit by the remnants of his past.
Announced in June 2023, The White Factory is produced with Ukrainian creative producer Ekaterina Kashynsteva. Glukhovsky and Didenko are both political exiles because of their outspoken views against Russia’s war with Ukraine.
The wider creative team includes Design by Galya Solodovnikova, Music by Louis Lebee, Lighting design by Alex Musgrave, Sound design by Julian Starr, Associate set and costume designer Isabella Van Braeckel, Assistant director Maria Zemlinskaya, Casting director Helena Palmer CDG, Producers Ekaterina Kashyntseva & Oliver King for Belka Productions, and General managers Wild Yak.
Book tickets to The White Factory at Marylebone Theatre in London
©www.westendtheatre.com
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pinehollowsims · 3 years
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I've been playing The Sims 4 for so long, I forgot what it was like for traits/personality to significantly impact gameplay. Wow! This household full of lazy, sloppy werewolves (one of whom wants 6 children!) is extremely difficult. I've decided to just let them kind of be disasters. It's more fun that way, provided no one gets taken by the social worker and no one gets food poisoning.
That being said, they have a lot of heart. Wilhelm would rather play with his kids than do anything to keep himself alive, which is frustrating, but also extremely sweet.
The Wolfs now live in a renovated BV Mansion because their old house, while beautiful, was a routing nightmare. The constant routing issues are the one thing I don't miss in this game. I don't have a ton of pictures of the house itself because my build/buy abilities are subpar.
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Kaiser Wilhem II and Prince Henry of Prussia with the Italian Royal Family in 1888.
From left to right: Isabella Duchess of Genoa, Amadeo Duke of Aosta, Elisabeth Duchess of Genoa, Prince Victor Emmanuel of Naples, Queen Margherita, Prince Henry of Prussia, Kaiser Wilhelm II, Tommaso Duke of Genoa, Maria Letizia Duchess of Aosta and King Umberto I.
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mellifluoushood · 4 years
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May I get a ship please? 🥺 I’m 20, Mexican, I have medium black hair, really dark brown eyes, I’m 5ft tall. I’m studying graphic design, my hobbies are: drawing, reading, listening to music, taking photographs and watching films. I have a really big collection of books and records and I love traveling. If you write a blurb it can be about anything and if you don’t, that’s perfectly fine. Thank you so much 💕 (also how lovely of you to do this)
Thank you, sweetheart! I just want to spread some positivity in this dark time. xx
Ship: Ashton | Calum | Luke | Michael
Reason: You would bond over your love for books and photography. You could stay up into the wee hours of the morning, debating your favourite records and novels, never hesitating to be completely honest. He would take you on road trips and one of his favourite sights would be your legs tucked into your chest while you grip a book and occasionally look out the window with the sun beating down on your face.
Best Friend: Ashton | Calum | Luke | Michael
Reason: For a similar reason to Ashton, you two would bond over books. We know Calum has been reading a lot more lately, so he would always text you for recommendations and ask for your opinions on novels he was interested in because he knows you’ve probably read it.
CALM Song + Lyric: Easier - “But I know that I'm never, ever gonna change / And you know you don't want it any other way”
Compliment: I love how artistic you are! Your creativity is inspiring and it makes me want to pick up this one book for school. Keep inspiring people! xx
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diioonysus · 4 years
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literature | history | romanticism 
→ click on to read
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jeanettechalfant5 · 3 years
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History Births on April 22
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melodyschwarz74 · 3 years
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History Births on April 22
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rosaharvey2 · 3 years
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History Births on April 22
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rubyazar5 · 3 years
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History Births on April 22
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brookstonalmanac · 1 year
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Events 3.31
307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian. 1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging the necessity of a Second Crusade. Louis VII is present, and joins the Crusade. 1492 – Queen Isabella of Castile issues the Alhambra Decree, ordering her 150,000 Jewish and Muslim subjects to convert to Christianity or face expulsion. 1521 – Ferdinand Magellan and fifty of his men came ashore to present-day Limasawa to participate in the first Catholic mass in the Philippines. 1657 – The Long Parliament presents the Humble Petition and Advice offering Oliver Cromwell the British throne, which he eventually declines. 1717 – A sermon on "The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ" by Benjamin Hoadly, the Bishop of Bangor, preached in the presence of King George I of Great Britain, provokes the Bangorian Controversy. 1761 – The 1761 Lisbon earthquake strikes off the Iberian Peninsula with an estimated magnitude of 8.5, six years after another quake destroyed the city. 1774 – American Revolution: The Kingdom of Great Britain orders the port of Boston, Massachusetts closed pursuant to the Boston Port Act. 1814 – The Sixth Coalition occupies Paris after Napoleon's Grande Armée capitulates. 1854 – Commodore Matthew Perry signs the Convention of Kanagawa with the Tokugawa Shogunate, opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade. 1885 – The United Kingdom establishes the Bechuanaland Protectorate. 1889 – The Eiffel Tower is officially opened. 1899 – Malolos, capital of the First Philippine Republic, is captured by American forces. 1901 – Rusalka by Antonín Dvořák premieres at the National Opera House in Prague. 1905 – Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany declares his support for Moroccan independence in Tangier, beginning the First Moroccan Crisis. 1906 – The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the National Collegiate Athletic Association) is established to set rules for college sports in the United States. 1909 – Serbia formally withdraws its opposition to Austro-Hungarian actions in the Bosnian Crisis. 1913 – The Vienna Concert Society rioted during a performance of modernist music by Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Alexander von Zemlinsky, and Anton von Webern, causing a premature end to the concert due to violence; this concert became known as the Skandalkonzert. 1917 – According to the terms of the Treaty of the Danish West Indies, the islands become American possessions. 1918 – Massacre of ethnic Azerbaijanis is committed by allied armed groups of Armenian Revolutionary Federation and Bolsheviks. Nearly 12,000 Azerbaijani Muslims are killed. 1918 – Daylight saving time goes into effect in the United States for the first time. 1921 – The Royal Australian Air Force is formed. 1930 – The Motion Picture Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in film, in the U.S., for the next thirty-eight years. 1931 – An earthquake in Nicaragua destroys Managua; killing 2,000. 1931 – A Transcontinental & Western Air airliner crashes near Bazaar, Kansas, killing eight, including University of Notre Dame head football coach Knute Rockne. 1933 – The Civilian Conservation Corps is established with the mission of relieving rampant unemployment in the United States. 1939 – Events preceding World War II in Europe: Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain pledges British military support to the Second Polish Republic in the event of an invasion by Nazi Germany. 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces invade Christmas Island, then a British possession. 1945 – World War II: A defecting German pilot delivers a Messerschmitt Me 262A-1, the world's first operational jet-powered fighter aircraft, to the Americans, the first to fall into Allied hands. 1949 – The Dominion of Newfoundland joins the Canadian Confederation and becomes the 10th Province of Canada. 1951 – Remington Rand delivers the first UNIVAC I computer to the United States Census Bureau. 1957 – Elections to the Territorial Assembly of the French colony Upper Volta are held. After the elections PDU and MDV form a government. 1958 – In the Canadian federal election, the Progressive Conservatives, led by John Diefenbaker, win the largest percentage of seats in Canadian history, with 208 seats of 265. 1959 – The 14th Dalai Lama, crosses the border into India and is granted political asylum. 1964 – Brazilian General Olímpio Mourão Filho orders his troops to move towards Rio de Janeiro, beginning the coup d'état and 21 years of military dictatorship. 1966 – The Soviet Union launches Luna 10 which later becomes the first space probe to enter orbit around the Moon. 1966 – The Labour Party under Harold Wilson wins the 1966 United Kingdom general election. 1968 – American President Lyndon B. Johnson speaks to the nation of "Steps to Limit the War in Vietnam" in a television address. At the conclusion of his speech, he announces: "I shall not seek, and I will not accept, the nomination of my party for another term as your President." 1970 – Explorer 1 re-enters the Earth's atmosphere after 12 years in orbit. 1980 – The Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad operates its final train after being ordered to liquidate its assets because of bankruptcy and debts owed to creditors. 1990 – Approximately 200,000 protesters take to the streets of London to protest against the newly introduced Poll Tax. 1991 – Georgian independence referendum: Nearly 99 percent of the voters support the country's independence from the Soviet Union. 1991 – The Warsaw Pact formally disbands. 1992 – The USS Missouri, the last active United States Navy battleship, is decommissioned in Long Beach, California. 1992 – The Treaty of Federation is signed in Moscow. 1993 – The Macao Basic Law is adopted by the Eighth National People's Congress of China to take effect December 20, 1999. Resumption by China of the Exercise of Sovereignty over Macao 1995 – Selena is murdered by her fan club president Yolanda Saldívar at a Days Inn in Corpus Christi, Texas. 1995 – TAROM Flight 371, an Airbus A310-300, crashes near Balotesti, Romania, killing all 60 people on board. 1998 – Netscape releases Mozilla source code under an open source license. 2004 – Iraq War in Anbar Province: In Fallujah, Iraq, four American private military contractors working for Blackwater USA, are killed after being ambushed. 2016 – NASA astronaut Scott Kelly and Roscosmos cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko return to Earth after a yearlong mission at the International Space Station. 2018 – Start of the 2018 Armenian revolution.
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