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Interesting and Lesser Known Facts About Rajasthan, India with UTPINDIA

Rajasthan- The “Land of Kings” is India’s largest state by area (10.4% of India’s total area). It is placed on the north-western side of the country, where it covers most of the vast and inhospitable Thar Desert which is also known as the “Rajasthan Desert” and “Great Indian Desert”. It shares a border with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab to the northwest and Sindh to the west, along the Sutlej-Indus river valley.

The state was formed when Rajputana (the name adopted by the British Raj for its dependencies in the region- was merged into the Dominion of India) on March 30, 1949. The largest city and its capital is Jaipur which is also known as Pink City and is located on the state’s eastern side. Some of the other important cities are Jodhpur, Udaipur, Bikaner, Kota, and Ajmer.

Some of the most interesting and lesser known facts about this “Land of Kings” are:

Historical Background

1. Gurjars In this part of the country, Gurjars ruled for many dynasties. The region was known as Gurjaratra. Almost the whole of North India acknowledged the supremacy of the Gurjars with their seat of power at Kannauj up to the tenth century.

2. Gurjara-Pratihara From the 8th to the 11th century, the Gurjar Pratihar Empire acted as an obstacle for Arab invaders. The chief accomplishment of the Gurjara Pratihara Empire lies in its successful resistance to foreign invasions from the west. Historian R. C. Majumdar said that this was openly acknowledged by the Arab writers. He further noted, Indian Historians have wondered that the progress of Muslim invaders in India is slow as compared with their rapid advance in other parts of the world. Now, there seems a little doubt that it was the power of the Gurjara Pratihara army which effectively blocked the progress of the Arabs beyond the confines of Sindh, their first conquest for nearly 300 years.

3. Historical Tribes Traditionally, the Rajputs, Jats, Meenas, Gurjars, Bhils, Rajpurohit, Charans, Yadavs, Bishnois, Sermals, PhulMali (Saini) and other tribes made a great contribution in building Rajasthan. All these tribes suffered great difficulties in preserving their culture and the land. Millions of them were killed while trying to protect their land. A number of Gurjars had been wiped out in Bhinmal and Ajmer areas while fighting with the invaders. Bhils once ruled Kota. Meenas were rulers of Bundi and the Dhundhar region.

4. Major Rulers (i) Hem Chandra Vikramaditya: The Hindu Emperor Hem Chandra Vikramaditya was born in the village of Machheri in Alwar District in 1501. He won 22 battles against Afghans, from Punjab to Bengal including states of Ajmer and Alwar in Rajasthan. In 1556 at Battle of Delhi, he also defeated the forces of Akbar twice at Agra and Delhi before acceding to the throne of Delhi and establishing the “Hindu Raj” in North India although for a short duration, from Purana Quila in Delhi. While fighting against Mughals, Hem Chandra was killed on the battlefield at Second Battle of Panipat on 5 November 1556.

(ii) Maharana Pratap: In the famous Battle of Haldighati (1576), Maharana Pratap of Mewar thwarted Akbar and later operated from hilly areas of his kingdom. Maharana’s main allies were Bhils during these wars. These attacks were mostly repulsed even though the Mughal forces outnumbered Mewar Rajputs in all the wars fought between them. The war of Haldighati was fought between 10,000 Mewaris and a 100,000-strong Mughal force (including many Rajputs like Kachwahas from Dhundhar).

(iii) Maharaja Suraj Mal: Jat king Maharaja Suraj Mal (Feb 1707 – 25 Dec 1765) or Sujan Singh was the ruler of Bharatpur in Rajasthan. A contemporary historian has described him as “the Plato of the Jat people” and by a modern writer as the “Jat Odysseus”, because of his political intelligence, steady intellect, and clear vision.

Wildlife protection Rajasthan is also known for its national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. There are four national park and wildlife sanctuaries: a) Keoladeo National Park of Bharatpur, b) Sariska Tiger Reserve of Alwar, Ranthambore c) National Park of Sawai Madhopur d) Desert National Park of Jaisalmer Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI) is a national level institute of the ministry of forestry is situated in Jodhpur which continuously works on desert flora and their conservation.

Economy a) The economy of Rajasthan is primarily agricultural and pastoral. The state’s cash crops are Cotton and tobacco. b) Rajasthan is among the largest producers of edible oils in India and the second largest producer of oilseeds. c) Rajasthan is also the biggest wool-producing state in India and the main opium producer and consumer. d) The main industries are mineral based, agriculture based, and textile based. e) Rajasthan is the second largest producer of polyester fiber in India. f) Several prominent chemical and engineering companies are located in the city of Kota, in southern Rajasthan.

Demographics a) Rajasthan’s population is made up mainly of Hindus, who account for 87.45% of the population b) Muslims make up 10.08%, Sikhs 1.27%, and Jains 1% of the population. c) The state of Rajasthan is also populated by Sindhis, who came to Rajasthan from Sindh province (now in Pakistan) during the India-Pakistan separation in 1947.

Culture Rajasthan is culturally rich and has artistic and cultural traditions which reflect the ancient Indian way of life. There is rich and varied folk culture from villages which are often depicted and is symbolic of the state. a) Highly cultivated classical music and dance with its own distinct style is part of the cultural tradition of Rajasthan. The music has songs that depict day-to-day relationships and chores, often focused around fetching water from wells or ponds. b) Rajasthani cooking was influenced by both the war-like lifestyles of its inhabitants and the availability of ingredients in this arid region. c) Food that could last for several days and could be eaten without heating was preferred. d) The scarcities of water and fresh green vegetables have all had their effect on the cooking. e) It is known for its snacks like Bikaneri Bhujia. f) Other famous dishes include bajre ki roti (millet bread) and lashun ki chutney (hot garlic paste), mawa kachori Mirchi Bada, Pyaaj Kachori and ghevar from Jodhpur, Alwar ka Mawa (Milk Cake), malpauas from Pushkar and rassgollas from Bikaner. g) Originating from the Marwar region of the state is the concept Marwari Bhojnalaya, or vegetarian restaurants, today found in many parts of India, which offer vegetarian food of the Marwari people. h) 4 Dal-Bati-Churma is very popular in Rajasthan. i) The Ghoomar dance from Jodhpur Marwar and Kalbeliya dance of Jaisalmer have gained international recognition. j) Folk music is a large part of Rajasthani culture. Kathputli, Bhopa, Chang, Teratali, Ghindr, Kachchhighori, and Tejaji are examples of traditional Rajasthani culture. k) Folk songs are commonly ballads which relate heroic deeds and love stories; and religious or devotional songs known as bhajans and banis which are often accompanied by musical instruments like dholak, sitar, and sarangi are also sung. l) Rajasthan is known for its traditional, colorful art. The block prints, tie and dye prints, Bagaru prints, Sanganer prints, and Zari embroidery are major export products from Rajasthan. m) Handicraft items like wooden furniture and crafts, carpets, and blue pottery are commonly found here. n) The main religious festivals are Deepawali, Holi, Gangaur, Teej, Gogaji, Shri Devnarayan Jayanti, Makar Sankranti and Janmashtami, as the main religion is Hinduism. o) Rajasthan’s desert festival is held once a year during winter. p) Spirit possession has been documented in modern Rajasthan. Some of the spirits possessing Rajasthanis are seen as good and beneficial while others are seen as malevolent.

Tourism Rajasthan attracted 14 percent of total foreign visitors during 2009-2010 which is the fourth highest among Indian states. It is fourth also in Domestic tourist visitors. Many people from around the world are coming for Rajasthan Tour because of the following reasons:

a) The palaces of Jaipur and Ajmer-Pushkar, the lakes of Udaipur, the desert forts of Jodhpur, Taragarh Fort (Star Fort) in Ajmer, and Bikaner and Jaisalmer rank among the most preferred destinations in India for many tourists both Indian and foreign. b) Tourism accounts for eight percent of the state’s domestic product. Many old and neglected palaces and forts have been converted into heritage hotels. c) Rajasthan is famous for its forts, carved temples, and decorated Havelis, which were built by Rajput kings in pre-Muslim era Rajasthan. d) Rajasthan’s Jaipur Jantar Mantar, Mehrangarh Fort, and Stepwell of Jodhpur, Dilwara Temples, Chittorgarh Fort, Lake Palace, miniature paintings in Bundi, and numerous city palaces and Havelis are part of the architectural heritage of India. e) Jaipur, the Pink City, is noted for the ancient houses made of a type of sandstone dominated by a pink hue. f) In Jodhpur, maximum houses are painted blue. g) At Ajmer, there is white marble Bara-dari on the Anasagar lake.

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India – The Land of Celebrations with UTPINDIA

Introduction:

Whether it be through folk songs, traditions, costumes or simple colourful decoration; if there is one country that knows how to be joyful, it is India. What’s most special is that each month of the year, there is a celebration going on in some or the other part of the country!

Travelling all around the year indulging in joyous, loving and happy funfair of the country, is all that you need to realise that ‘Life may not be a part we all hoped for but while we are here, we must dance!’ (Jeanne C.Stein).

Take the year off and get going to ‘Incredible India’. Here’s guide to travelling in India, all 12 months of the year celebrating its myriad of festivals and understanding just what keeps this country of more than 300 languages and a myriad of religions dance together in harmony!

January: The Kite Festival In Gujarat

Leave it to us to celebrate the natural movement of sun that signifies the end of the long dry months of winter and coming of spring which is the harvest season for the majorly agrarian community of the country. It falls on the same day every year i.e. January 14. Although, it is important to people all over the country, the festival is most spectacularly celebrated in Gujarat with Kites! Yes! Colourful kites dominate the blue skies, children scream from rooftops and mothers prepare yummy delicacies with sesame seeds, jaggery and clarified butter. The manjha (thread attached to the kites), flying the first kite and claiming other’s kites in the sky, are all a part of the tradition.

When: 14th January

Where: Ahmedabad, Gujarat

February: Mahashivratri in Varanasi

Considered to be the place where Lord Shiva hold immense religious importance, Varanasi is a place that truly decks up in all its finery on the joyous occasion of Mahashivratri. All the temples dedicated to Lord Shiva are tastefully decorated with marigolds, lights and different hymns can be heard filling up the atmosphere. Say ‘Om Namah Shivay’ (I offer to Siva, a respectful invocation of His Name) and partake in the celebration with a tasty bhang milk at the celebrations. However, make sure you ask the locals where to obtain this from as the concoction is a heady mix of milk, sugar, cannabis leaves and buds, spices, ginger and rosewater which can cause quite a few adverse effects if not consumed correctly.

When: February

Where: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh

March: Holi in Vrindavan

If there is one festival that is celebrated with equal fervor irrespective of caste, colour, creed, language or tradition it’s Holi. What better place to see the revelry of this occasion than the birthplace of the God in whose honor, the day is celebrated! It is believed that Lord Krishna, the blue God of India was born in the land of Vrindavan – an ancient city on the banks of the Yamuna River. Everybody engages in merry making and tales of the love between Krishna and the village belles are told, danced, sung and extolled!

When: March

Where: Vrindavan, Uttar Pradesh

April: Bihu in Assam

The traditional beginning of the New Year for the Assamese, Bihu is a dual celebration of new beginnings and the coming of Spring, signifying the beginning of the fertile Spring season for the farmers. The month long celebrations consist of the traditional dancing, music and foodstuffs being prepared by the locals. It is indeed a stunning spectacle to watch young boys and girls dancing in fields on countrysides and local farms. Research further and you are sure to find pretty homestays to stay at and travel to Assam.

When: Usually on 14th or 15th April

Where: All over Assam

May: Maharashtra Day in Maharashtra

On May 1, 1960, an agreement was reached which led to the formation of state of Maharashtra and Gujarat. To commemorate the historic occasion, the entire state observes a mandatory holiday and a joyous parade is held in the grounds of Shivaji Park in Dadar, Mumbai. The governor of the state officiates the parade chair and members of Central Reserve Police Force, Mumbai Commando Force, Home Guards, Civil Defence, the Fire Marshals and city police take part in the parade. The procession is often decked out in various colours and traditional dance performances.

When: 1st May

Where: Dadar, Mumbai

June: Hemis Festival in Ladakh

The largest Gompa (Monastery) in Ladakh, the Hemis Gompa plays host to this festival called the Hemis Festival, which is celebrated on a yearly basis. It marks the birth of Padmasambhava, who is highly regarded as the founder of Tibetan Buddhism. Over the two days of the festival, the celebrations are in the form of dancing, socialising and frolicking. Particularly a spectacular dance performed by the Lamas, which is called as Chaam is worth witnessing. The mystical dance is accompanied by drums, traditional horn instruments and cymbals and is a part of the Tantric traditions of Buddhism.

When: 3-4th July

Where: Hemis Monastery, Ladakh

July: Rath Yatra in Odisha

The Rath Yatra or the Chariot Festival is a celebration that is associated with the Lord Jagannatha and is majorly celebrated in the state of Odisha in the Eastern part of India. One of the oldest Ratha Yatras in India, it dates back to 10-11th century and finds mention in the Skanda Purana. As a part of the Ratha Yatra, the idols of Lord Jagannath, Balabhadra and the youngest sister Subhadra are taken out in a decked up chariot to the temple of Gundicha and the procession is accompanied by a tremendous fanfare. The chariots play traditional hymns, songs, drums and other instruments and the chariots themselves measure over 45 FEET!

When: 25th June

Where: Puri, Odisha

August: Ganesh Chaturthi in Maharashtra

The beloved Elephant God of India ‘Ganesh’ is revered as the God of Dance as well as knowledge. It is no surprise then that this festival is brought in with a lot of revelry and fervor in the state of Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. It is particularly spectacular sight in the cities of Mumbai and Pune where the procession of the installation as well as the 10th day of immersion, called Ganesh Chaturthi and Chaturdashi respectively, is accompanied by ‘Dhol Pathaks’. The beats struck by young boys and girls on cymbals, large drums and smaller rhythm percussions called ‘tasha’. There are also spectacular traditional dances, women and men dressed in traditional attire, amazing sweets to be eaten and of course, melodious invocations to be heard. It is a sight that you must travel to see!

When: 25th August

Where: Mumbai and Pune in Maharashtra

September: Tarnetar Fair in Gujarat

Take time off the mundane black, white and grey of your daily life and travel to Gujarat where a riot of colours explodes every year in the month of September as the state plays host to the Tarnetar Fair! The fair is essentially a celebration of love that commemorates the legend of the ‘Swayamvara’ i.e. groom picking ceremony of a mythological Indian princess- Draupadi. The celebrations revolve around young tribal women seeking marriageable partners for themselves. Even without all the matchmaking; the swirling Ghagras, dances, tribal dances called rahado, traditional local entertainment, joyrides and much more are sure to keep you on your toes at all times.

When: September

Where: Thangadh in Gujarat

October: Durga Puja in West Bengal

If you truly want to see the celebration of life, love, devotion and happiness, then all you have to do is head to Kolkata in West Bengal in the month of October as the city decks up for the arrival of the Goddess Durga. It is a larger than life spectacle that simply cannot be described in words. The glamour, glitz, grandeur is all centered around the beautiful idol of Durga in installations called ‘Pandals’. More than 5000 Pandals are erected in Kolkata during these 10 days and each day holds the promise of a different spectacle. Travelling here during these days is stressful but truly worth it.

When: October

Where: Kolkata, West Bengal

November: Pushkar Camel Fair and Diwali in Pushkar

Come November and at the time of Kartik Purnima, Pushkar gears up for a very special event- the Pushkar Camel Fair. It is one of the festivals for which many Indians as well as foreigners travel all the way to Pushkar in Rajasthan. The sand swirls around the vast open grounds as more than 11000 camels, horses and other livestock are traded amongst much fanfare. The eccentric competitions, colorful attires, rolled turbans, long mustaches and women dressed in bridal attire are just some of the highlights of this fair. Accommodations for travellers can be found in form of tents, guesthouses as well as big hotels. It is indeed a spectacle worth visiting and writing home about.

When: Beginning of November

Where: Pushkar, Rajasthan

December: Christmas in Goa

You may have seen the traditional ‘White Christmas’ in the western part of the civilization, but how about bringing in this joyous festival, sitting by the beach and partaking in the traditional carnival that has become a part of the popular culture all over? There is simply no escaping from the merrymaking during this time as all the houses in the tiny beach state are decked up in Christmas colours, lighting, decorated trees and other finery. Attend the midnight mass with the locals and participate in the revelry of the carnival. Indulge in the local cashew liquor called Feni and other goodies like Bebinca and the famous Christmas cake.

When: 25th December

Where: Goa

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How to Enjoy Adventure Tourism in India with UTPINDIA

To put it simply, adventure tourism is the apotheosis of the beach holiday – it’s getting out there and doing something that you enjoy, something that can be as challenging as you want but that gives you a sense of achievement and not just a sun tan.

India has an amazingly diverse climate and topography – there are mountains, fast flowing rivers, all types of forest (alpine, tropical and mangrove), alluvial plains, grasslands, deserts, oceans and beaches. This gives endless opportunities for adventure tourism amongst the beauty, colour and uniqueness that is India. India is a famous tourist destination, but there is so much more than the Taj Mahal and the Golden Triangle. The awe-inspiring Himalayas and the surrounding foothills provide a fantastic environment for trekking, skiing and rock climbing while the fast flowing rivers cascading through them are perfect for white water rafting, kayaking and canoeing or even fishing. There are also opportunities for paragliding and hot air ballooning and other sky borne adventures. As well as being famous for vistas of white sandy beaches, the coastal areas also offer a huge range of water sports including diving and snorkelling.

The forests, grasslands and desert areas support a fantastic array of wildlife providing a different arena for adventure holidays. There are more than 500 National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries in India providing the excitement of wildlife safaris by jeep, elephant back or boat when there is the chance of seeing many rare and endangered species, including the tiger. The whole country is also a paradise for birdwatchers with many famous bird reserves, namely Keoladeo Ghana National Park in Bharatpur – a fantastic wetland sanctuary. Visiting these Reserves actively helps with the conservation of India’s endangered wildlife.

Part of the adventure is in how you travel – bikers, just imagine touring the high altitude snow deserts of Ladakh on the enigmatic Enfield Bullet! Alternatively, take a jeep safari across the Himalayas or, if you prefer to be on foot, there are an incredible variety of hiking opportunities from short walks in low altitude alpine meadows to mighty treks over some of the highest passes in the world. If cycling is your thing, push yourself to the limit and tour Rajasthan by bike. Or why not see India from horseback or perhaps from the back of a camel on a romantic safari through the desert.

Specialist tour operators offering adventure holidays to India are well aware of the needs of responsible tourism and eco-travel so in this progressively environment conscious world a trip to India can provide the adventurous traveller with a huge range of activities whilst promoting the conservation of this amazing country.

Today the logistics of arranging an eco-friendly adventure holiday to India area easy – look on the internet and you will find professional tour operators who can help you choose the right trip for you and make all the necessary travel arrangements – wherever you want to go, whatever you want to do and whatever type of transport and accommodation you need for your trip, you can be confident that they will organise everything efficiently and smoothly.

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Traditional Costumes of Different States of India with UTPINDIA

India is a land of multiplicity that enjoys a variation in its every aspect. In fact, dressing sense in India also varies with region, religion and community. Indian ethnic wears portray a beautiful mix of cultures as India has been exposed to various cultural influences. Each state of this country has its own culture, customs and lifestyle that can be seen in its fairs, festivals, traditions and dressing sense. Like everything, each region of India has specific attire attached to it. These dresses not just represent culture of the region but also designed as per the climate of the place. Origin of these dresses are completely unknown, however, they carry an individual charm in them. Explore costumes of different regions of India.

Costumes of North-East India North-East India is comprised of seven different states Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Nagaland. For these states, ankle length skirts, jackets and traditional caps are the key dresses that are main draw for the tourists. Costume of Nagaland also includes shawls that are an extensively used item in this state. In Arunachal Pradesh, there is trend of wearing various accessories including silver rings, earrings made of bamboo-bits, red beads and lovely turquoises.

Costumes of North India North region of India witnesses great cold as some hill stations fall under this part of India. Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhanda and Jammu and Kashmir are the cool states of North India where costumes made of wool, silk with elaborate embroideries and cotton are worn. In these mountainous regions, thick dresses are worn. In Jammu-Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh, pashmina shawls are very popular. Punjab is also a prominent state in North India that is known for its exclusive dressing sense. The main outfit of Punjab is Salwar Kameez with lovely Phulkari work. Traditional wear of Delhi is Chudidar, salwar-kameez and dupatta.

Costumes of East and Central India In this part of India, Sarees are the most common attire to be worn. Though, wearing style of sarees in different states vary yet they all wear them in their traditional functions or regularly. In Rajasthan, locals love to wear ghagra, in Madhya Pradesh; they wear Bandhni clothes, Chanderi Sarees and Maheswari Sarees.

Costumes of West India Costumes of western India are very different and ethnic. These costumes carry a nine yard sari called Nauvari Saris that are regarded as the traditional costume for the women. Dhoti and shirt are the traditional costume of the men. The fabric of Nauvari Saree is cotton. In special occasions, fabric of silk is given priority. For Maharashtrian men, carrying dhoti is like upholding their heritage culture.

Costumes of South India Due to its warm climate, costumes of South India are made of cotton and are light in fabrics. Sarees for woman and dhoti and lungi for men are very common. Kanjeevaram Silk is a famous fabric for sarees that seems very appealing to eyes due to its rich textures, colors and exclusive designs. In this part of India, people from all ethnic beliefs wear the same kind of dress. Not simply dresses, everything about India is simply great. Book online flights for any state of India and get a chance to explore its beautiful aspects.

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Monuments of India with UTPINDIA

MONUMENTS

Monuments are the structures which are either created explicitly to commemorate a person or an event or which are made in previous time and has become important to remember the late people or past events. But some monuments are so whimsical and precious that they become the brightly shining star from the vast universe of beautiful structures. They are showcased as the world heritage site.

It is a saga but a very practical truth of today. These valuable gems of our country are getting endangered and if serious and bold steps are not taken for their revival, the country will be like a bride without jewelry. Though India is the treasure of temples, monuments and ancient amazing pieces of art and beauty, I’ll limelight some famous monuments marked as world heritage site.

– QUTUB MINAR- in Delhi built by Qutbuddin Aybak in 1193; – RED FORT- in Delhi built by Shah Jahan in 1639; – HUMAYUN’S TOMB – in Delhi built in 1570; these three are among the world heritage sites.

The other famous monuments in Delhi are:

– 22ft TALL IRON PILLAR-in the year AD 375-415; – JAMA MASJID-India’s largest mosque built in 1655; – PURANA QILA, JANTAR MANTAR and INDIA GATE.

Some other world heritage sites in India are:

– TAJ MAHAL-a tomb in Agra built by Shah Jahan in 1631 for his wife Mumtaz Mahal; – FATEHPUR SIKRI-a magnificent red sandstone city in Sikri near Agra built by Mughal emperor Akbar. – AJANTA & ELLORA CAVES-present in Maharashtra these caves were built near about 6th century. The caves depict the Buddhist and the Jataka tales. – ELEPHANTA CAVES-present in Maharashtra these caves were also built near 6th and the 7th century has a 6-m high bust of lord Shiva. – SONAR QILA-a fort in Rajasthan was built by Rawal Jaiswal in 1156. – CHARMINAR-it is a square shaped monument built in Andhra Pradesh in 1591. – SANCHI STUPAS-they are one of the oldest Stupas in Bhopal. – BHIMBETKA-in Madhya Pradesh they are the rock shelters discovered in 1957. They have many different paintings. – BASILICA OF BOM JESUS-present in old Goa it holds the tomb of St. Francis Xavier. – HAMPI-present in Karnataka has many beautiful temples. – MAMALLAPURAM-it is a group of rock-cut monuments built near 7th and 8th century in Tamil Nadu.

Monuments are getting spoiled: there is not one but many ways in which the valuable and literally non-renewable structures created originally by ancient artists of different dynasties are getting ruined.

The chemicals are released and merged in the air through motor vehicles, coal-fired power plants, nuclear waste disposal, plastic factories and other heavy industries. Even spraying of pesticides and chemicals in agricultural fields are harming the quality of air. The harmful gases released in the environment are basically oxides of Carbon, Sulphur and Nitrogen and the chloro-fluoro carbon gases. These gases are making the air polluted, increasing the global warming and even depleting the ozone layer allowing the UV-rays to enter in the earth’s atmosphere. These bad elements share hands with the other acts causing harm to our heritage. Making the matter worst the deforestation has crossed the limit of pollution. All these negative human behavior together are ruining the environment, basic life and also our very prestigious & precious world heritage sites.

The basic structure of these sites is getting weaker with the pace of time. Deep into their foundation the acids and the chemicals are penetrated which are shattering the skeleton of these whimsical creations leading to the breakdown of their both anatomy and morphology. Either the paints or the detailed intricate work are dropping down; or the luster and the lacquer on the stone are diminished or getting dull.

The chemicals merged with the air and falls on these monuments as the acid rain washing away the beauty of these great sites.

The natural glow or colors of the stones are getting black. The clear example is the Taj Mahal-it is made up of white stone called ‘Sangemarmar’. Due to the presence of dense smog in the atmosphere the ‘Taj Mahal’ is literally turning in the black beauty.

People scrub on the wall of these beautiful structures. Couples write their names and love messages on the walls, throwing garbage and spitting the chewed beetle and through many other obscene attitudes ruin the crystal clear beauty of these monuments.

The scorching heat stops the tourists to visit these places. The intense global warming, deforestation and over pollution has increases the temperature to such an extent that people doesn’t like to view these beauties with itching and sweating all through body.

The foreign tourists who enhance the value of these sites and propagate about their art and beauty are being exploited and used falsely by some bad Indian hosts. This cools down the enthusiasm of the foreigners to visit India and ultimately the economical degradation is the result. Fewer tourists, less economy and reduced revival of the monuments. If these heritages are not revived from time to time, then after few years they will permanently become the history.

The metro advancement acts as a dike. Dike prevents flood but here the metro stations construction and metro route construction are obstructing the stagnancy of these monuments. For instance the tall Qutab Minar getting distract due to the passing route of metro.

But it’s never too late. Let’s join our hands together and put our step forward for the revival mission of the Indian Gems- OUR MONUMENTS:

“The conservation and preservation of these monuments cannot be neglected further”…. Well written and shared by C.B.S.E ‘Siksha Sadan’ to all heads of C.B.S.E affiliated schools on 7th Jan’10.

The cultural ministry showed their courtesy by supporting the subject and lectures in the schools for students to understand and respect their world heritage site.

The books are not the only solution. As always said “action speaks louder than words”, the students should be frequently taken on a trip to these very special monuments. With the proper guidance their knowledge about the ancient monuments should be enhanced. Quiz must be arranged on the basis of world heritage sites and other monuments. Prizes awarded to the winners will encourage the pupils to avail the thorough information of their heritage. The students should be explained the reasons for the protection and the revival of these sites.

The generation availing the fields like civil construction, paints, interior & exterior decoration and designing should be guided to promote their wide creative knowledge in the revival of monuments.

The former and the common style of reviving these world heritage sites and monuments is converting them totally or their particular part(s) in museum, library, tourist place or hotel. One famous example is ‘Chauki Dhani’ in Jaipur. By setting up museums or libraries in these prehistoric beauties, the visitors will get the interesting and the elaborate knowledge of these sites. By converting them in hotels or tourist places, the government will get the foreign revenue and the motive to rehabilitate these ancient creativities.

VOTE FOR TAJ MAHAL – a very fruitful steps to position this whimsical monument on top. Similarly, voting can be supportive to save and revive other monuments. The step can be laid down through:

Internet- software can be designed to inform the viewers and net savvies about these heritage sites and asking for their votes in favor. This method will cover the people review globally.

Besides internet, the NGOs can work on this procedure by setting up seminars, meetings and small get together. The government on this prospect should support these organizations through financial and legal formalities.

Cinema has always inspired public. People literally follow the trend which celebrities start. If cinema and the celebrities perform in those films and shows that convey the message for the protection and the rehabilitation of the monuments, the effect will be strong and productive. The speeches and the messages delivered by the celebrities on the radio, T.V, theatre and on road shows boost up the patriotic feeling hidden deep in the heart of Indians.

Proper security of these eminent works of great artists is required to avoid destruction either by theft or any other way. In addition, if someone is found guilty he/she should be punished either by imprisonment or a fine according to the extent of harm being done to the heritage.

The mentioned above are the few steps that can be put forward for the appreciating work of monument revival. Besides this, national culture should be strengthened not only in dance, music and other performing arts, but also in the rehabilitation and defending of the world heritage sites and monuments.

The procession has started, don’t wait and just share hand on hand being part of this divine act.

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Step Headlong for Adventure Motorbike Tours in India with UTPINDIA

Over the years, tourism in India has assumed phenomenal dimensions. Considering that the country is splashed with a slew of historical and adventure-packed destinations, it does not come off as any surprise for many. Places like Leh and Ladakh, in particular, have not lost the sheen to the passage of time, and are dotted with spots, off the beaten track. These spots set the perfect settings for a peaceful retreat in the lap of nature at its prime. On the other side of the topography, places like Rajasthan and Udaipur, have kept the ancient, old world charm intact and give an inkling of the lavish lifestyle of royal families, who once took abode here. All this and lots more pique the interests of passionate globetrotters from both known and lesser-known regions of the world and call them out time and again.

Adrenaline-pumping Adventure Tours Await You

Adventure motorbike tours in India have stemmed from the outrageously skyrocketing popularity of tourism in the country. A motorcycling enthusiast does not require to sell themselves over and over to earn a long ride on their dream motorbike. A number of business entities have built a niche for adventure-packed motorcycle trips across various destinations in India. These companies honour their clients with a vast array of premier motorbikes at nominal charges in their fleet to choose from. The fleet features the likes of Royal Enfield, Harley Davidson, Ducati Scrambler, and Triumph motorcycles, to name a few.

Plunge into Exotic Wilderness

Looking to venture into lesser-explored territories? The motorbike will make a fitting companion on your adventure-filled expeditions. Motorcycle tours promise a living-on-the-edge experience. Nothing beats the pristine beauty of welcoming densely forested wilderness, where seemingly-overwhelming ecological reserves regale you with undying, captivating scenery. Certainly, it will sculpt a lasting impression on your mind, as if on stone. As the time passes by, images from your motorcycling escapades will come flooding back to you over and over again.

A One-stop Adventure Destination

Motorcycle companies organize adventure trips to various places across the country. These destinations lay out a long, sprawling stretch of biking trail through the least-explored wilderness and high-altitude passes for adventure-seeking spirits across the globe. Moreover, these entities have their own supplies of gears and accessories, packaged into adventure trips. Besides fixed long and short rides, these companies offer custom tours, as demanded by clients. Overall, these entities provide a 360-degree motorcycling solution to their clients.

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Chaturmukha Jain Temple: Hidden Gem of Ranakpur with UTPINDIA

Around 150 kilometers away from Jodhpur and 90 kilometers from Udaipur, in the Pali district of western Rajasthan lies Ranakpur village which is famous for its Jain temple dedicated to Tirthankara Adinath. One of the 5 major pilgrimages of the Jains, Chaturmukha Jain temple is known throughout the world for its intricate, architectural brilliance and is an eloquent testimony to India’s cultural heritage.

If the local legend is to be believed, the exquisite temple is the simple realization of 4 devout seekers’ visions, namely Somasundara Suriji, Rana Kumbha, his minister Dharna Shah, and Depaka. Suriji infused a spiritual urge in Dharna Shah’s heart which led him to an austere vow of lifelong celibacy. Once in a dream, he had a vision of Nalinigulma Vimaan (Lotus Plane), one of the most beautiful celestial planes, and he felt an urge to come up with a temple resembling the divine plane. 50 renowned artists were invited but none of them were able to capture Dharna Shah’s dream. It became difficult to execute the minister’s wish of combining the Chaturmukha temple (4-faced image of Tirthankara Adinath) and Nalinigulma Vimaan. It was then that an easy-going architect by the name of Depaka showed up and presented a plan that not only felt accomplishable, but also began a confluence of art and devotion. The minister then approached Rana Kumbha, Mewar’s ruler and presented his plan of building a temple and asked for land. The king not only agreed, but also advised to build a township around the temple and then in the 15th century, began the construction of the temple and the town. The town today is known as Ranakpur.

Covering an area of 48000 square feet, Chaturmukha Jain temple is surrounded by lush, green forests and edges the river Maghai. Placed on a lofty foundation and enveloped in solitude, this three story marble superstructure stands in sublime glory in complete harmony with the Mother Nature. Defying comparison and bathing in celestial bliss, the temple has 4 Mahadar Prasads (Principal Shrines) in 4 different directions which can be accessed through artistic entrances. Through the chambers you get to the main hall where the 4 marble images of Lord Adinath are positioned. These are about 72 inches tall and are placed in 4 different directions symbolizing Adinath’s quest for the 4 directions, and ultimately the cosmos. All the upper floors have similarly placed images. The marble images are surrounded by domes and shrines. The entire complex is home to several other temples including Parsavanath Temple, Amba Mata Temple, and Surya Temple. Chaturmukha Temple, a masterpiece of architectural beauty also boasts of 76 smaller shrines, 4 assembly halls, and a number of subsidiary shrines. The temple is sometimes also referred to as the treasure house of pillars. This is because there are 1444 intricately carved pillars that are arranged in a manner that none of them obstructs the view of the Adinath idol.

Time and foreign invaders rendered much damage to this holy shrine and for a long time it wore a deserted look and was infested with animals and dacoits. The administration of Chaturmukha Jain Temple was then handed over to Shetah Anandji Kalyanji Trust who took over the charge and provided safety and necessary amenities to the devotees. They also launched a renovation program which took around 11 years to complete.

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India - The Land of Celebrations with UTPINDIA

Introduction:

January: The Kite Festival In Gujarat

When: 14th January

Where: Ahmedabad, Gujarat

February: Mahashivratri in Varanasi

When: February

Where: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh

March: Holi in Vrindavan

When: March

Where: Vrindavan, Uttar Pradesh

April: Bihu in Assam

When: Usually on 14th or 15th April

Where: All over Assam

May: Maharashtra Day in Maharashtra

When: 1st May

Where: Dadar, Mumbai

June: Hemis Festival in Ladakh

When: 3-4th July

Where: Hemis Monastery, Ladakh

July: Rath Yatra in Odisha

When: 25th June

Where: Puri, Odisha

August: Ganesh Chaturthi in Maharashtra

When: 25th August

Where: Mumbai and Pune in Maharashtra

September: Tarnetar Fair in Gujarat

When: September

Where: Thangadh in Gujarat

October: Durga Puja in West Bengal

When: October

Where: Kolkata, West Bengal

November: Pushkar Camel Fair and Diwali in Pushkar

When: Beginning of November

Where: Pushkar, Rajasthan

December: Christmas in Goa

When: 25th December

Where: Goa

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Interesting and Lesser Known Facts About Rajasthan, India with UTPINDIA

Some of the most interesting and lesser known facts about this “Land of Kings” are:

Historical Background

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Ancient and Modern Delhi with UTPINDIA

A thousand years of history are to be found in Delhi, capital of India and its third largest city. Located in the north where the country narrows between Pakistan in the west and China and Tibet in the east, Delhi was the capital of Moslem India from the 12th to the 19th century. It has historically been the hub of vital trade routes and held a strategic position at the gateway to the fertile plain of the Ganges — the social, religious and cultural lifeline of India.

There are two Delhi cities now, the New and the Old. There have been at least eight recorded cities on and around the site, the oldest being Indraprastha, in existence since the third or fourth century B.C. There are many legends regarding the founding of the city and some archaeological dates as to its age. The Tomar Rajputs founded and fortified the walls of Dhillika, the first of the medieval cities, in the 9th century A.D. and were overthrown in the 12th century by the Cauhans of Jaipur who built a second defensive wall. Turkish invaders in 1193 ended Hindu rule and began the new Islamic era of the city. Subsequent cities were added adjacent to the more ancient ones. Shah Jahan, famous creator of the Taj Mahal, was responsible for the seventh Delhi, which he named Shahjahanabad. It was the Mughal capital until 1857. As the Mughal power waned to be replaced by that of the British East India Company, so Delhi lost its prestige and became just another provincial city.

In 1911 the British chose Delhi as their capital, transferring the viceregal headquarters from Calcutta. Plans were soon underway to build New Delhi to the south of Shahjahanabad and Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker, two British architects, were brought in to design it. The center of the plan consisted of the Rashtrapati Bhavan or Viceregal Lodge (which is now the Presidential Residence), Parliament House, the Secretariats, Memorial Arch and Connaught Circus. The city was designed in a mixture of European Renaissance and Oriental styles to provide a gracious garden setting for the colonial rulers, but after Independence in 1947, the city began a surge of both horizontal and vertical growth and now incorporates all the older cities, continuing to expand as the population increases.

Thanks to its long history, its many rulers and religions, Delhi is a paradoxical city. It has within its limits many of India’s most ancient and revered buildings and monuments, illustrating all the stages of its development, and is also a bustling modern metropolis of almost six million people.

The Red Fort

On the west bank of the Yaumana River, on the eastern perimeter of Delhi’s walled city, stands the Red Fort. Residence and administrative center, it was built from 1639 to 1648 under the supervision of two architects. It is a formidable war-like structure with octagonal and round bastions and two symmetrical watchtowers overlooking its red sandstone walls which surround an irregular octagon 3,200 by 1,600 feet and reach 100 feet high. It is surrounded by a deep moat fed from the river to the east. Only two great gates, the Lahori Gate (the main entrance) in the west wall and the Delhi Gate in the south wall, remain of the original five.

Inside the Lahori Gate is an arcade of shops, called Chata Chauk, which was originally housing for Shah Jahan’s court. Beyond this is the Drum House, or Hathipol, a parking place for the elephants of visitors. Intricate carvings in the sandstone are typical late Mughal design and were originally painted in gold and bright colors. Much of the original structure of the inner fort has been destroyed, especially during the Indian Mutiny in 1857, and lawns and gardens now replace the galleries which were built inside the walls.

The Hall of Public Audience, located between the inner court and the royal palaces, was the administrative center of the capital, but it was an overwhelming showplace too. Much of its sumptuousness must now be imagined, but the marble canopied throne with its backdrop of marble inlaid in the classical style still remain. Six miniature palaces stood along the eastern wall of the fort and contained apartments for the royal household, including the harem. They were connected by the Stream of Paradise, a small canal of scented waters, the Nahri-Bahisht. Five of these gem-like buildings remain intact. Also situated along the east wall but secluded behind a sandstone wall are the royal baths, which face the Pearl Mosque built by Aurangzeb. The outer walls are aligned with the walls of the fort, but the inner walls are at an angle so that they are correctly aligned facing Mecca.

The Life Bestowing Gardens, originally to the north of the mosque, were designed to imitate the gardens of paradise and contained pavilions, fountains and plants in a formal arrangement. Silver swings were hung on silk cords inside pavilions for the ladies of the court to sit and watch the rains during the Hindu festival of Teej, which celebrates the onset of the monsoon.

Agra

Taj Mahal — “The Crowned Palace”

Probably the most recognized structure in the world and also one of the most beautiful, the graceful lines of the Taj Mahal are among the many architectural splendors attributable to Shan Jahan, which have brought him worldwide recognition.

Built in memory of and to enshrine his first wife, Mumtaz Mahal, the building was begun on her death in 1631. An influential and beloved companion and advisor, Mumtaz Mahal was always consulted on affairs of state and was in fact the one to affix the royal seal on official documents. She died during the birth of their fourteenth child and was sadly mourned by her husband who, as a widower, radically altered his lifestyle. He handed over much of the responsibility for state functions and military endeavors to his sons and devoted his energies to his life-long interest in architecture.

From his teen years when he had remodeled his apartments at Kabul with great skill and taste, Shah Jahan had always actively participated in the impressive building projects of his reign. He designed the structures and decorations, made scale working models and supervised the building. Experience had well prepared him for what was to be his crowning achievement, the Taj Mahal. There has been much speculation as to who could have been the architect and various people have been suggested, from a Venetian goldsmith to a Turk named Usted Isa Afandi (onetime pupil of Sinan, the best known Turkish architect), and an Indian from Lahore named Usted Ahmad. It is quite probable, though, that while many architects, artisans and craftsmen contributed to the construction and modification, the concept and controlling hand was that of Shah Jahan. The style is a synthesis of existing traits of Mughal architecture. The use of gardens and stone water courses is reminiscent of the style prevalent in Kabul which had been utilized by Babur. The slender minarets and inlays in marble are seen on other tombs such as that of Akbar, while the swelling dome and arched alcoves are Persian in style. The Taj Mahal is felt to be the epitome of Mughal architecture.

Work on the project had progressed so well that by 1643 the annual memorial service to Mumtaz Mahal was held within its walls, though it would be a further ten years before the complex was complete. The builders and designers of the Taj Mahal were conversant with the rules of perspective and successfully incorporated many features which heightened the symmetry and grace of the structure by optical illusion. Although the height and width of the building are equal, the appearance is one of towering height. Reflections in the water add to this illusion while rows of cypress and evergreens accentuate the perspective.

Constructed of white marble, the outer facing of the main octagonal structure is decorated with Koranic verse carved into the stone. Designed and executed by a Persian, Amat Khan Shirazi, the most talented calligrapher in the empire, the decorative writings are further enhanced by panels of floral patterns in a realistic style, geometric designs and graceful arabesques. The base is also white marble 300 feet square and inside are mosaics inset with semi-precious stones. The central chamber stands above the burial vaults and houses two cenotaphs surrounded by openwork alabaster screens, also decorated with semi-precious stones. The interior is illuminated in the daytime by diffused light filtered through the translucent alabaster dome and the intricately perforated window screens of the same material.

A terrace surrounds the main structure and is guarded at each corner by a slim, exquisitely proportioned minaret, each 133 feet tall, which give balance and grace to the massive central edifice. A rectangular lake in the foreground acts as a reflecting surface and adds to the perspective. The Taj Mahal is reminiscent of the exquisite two-dimensional Persian and Mughal miniatures depicting ethereal fairy tale palaces, while its size, architectural complexity and scientific accuracy of perspective and symmetry have caused it to fascinate and delight all who visit it.

Jaipur, “The Pink City”

The Pink City of Jaipur in Rajasthan was built in 1728 by Maharajah Sawai Jai Singh II. It was not pink at its inception. It was painted the traditional color of welcome in honor of Prince Albert, Queen Victoria’s consort, who visited in 1883. The city is an eclectic mixture of Hindu, Mughal, Persian and Jain styles. It replaced the old capital of Amber which was more vulnerable to attack. It was arranged on a grid of eight squares around a central square which contained the palace and administration buildings. North of the central block was the Brahmapuri (the City of God), home of the priests and scholars which was protected by gardens and lakes. The northwest quadrant was actually a hill from which the Nahargarh, or Tiger Fort, overlooked and protected the city. From this vantage point the layout of the city may be clearly seen. The streets are laid out in perfect proportion, the main thoroughfares are 108 feet wide (a Hindu holy number) and decrease in size according to use. Standardization of shop sizes, wide even sidewalks, houses of an even height (half the width of the street) all give the city a gracious, elegant appearance. Deep stone awnings protect the shop fronts from the merciless sun and create a pleasant atmosphere in which to browse.

A bustling commercial center, Jaipur is reminiscent of the ancient Middle East, the people straight out of the “Arabian Nights.” The women’s abundant jewelry represents the wealth of the family and can be quite overwhelming. This is one of the last strongholds of the practice of sati, the custom of Indian wives immolating themselves on the funeral pyre of their husband. Though this has been illegal since 1829, a recent recorded case was in 1980 and received much support from local women.

Fatehpur Sikri, “Victory City”

For four hundred years pilgrims, both Hindu and Muslim, have visited the tomb of Shaikh Salim Chrishti at Fatehpur Sikri. It was built by the Mughal Emperor Akbar to honor a Muslim mystic who, having assured him that his lack of heirs was not permanent, promised not one but three sons to the emperor. When the first of these sons was born the next year, a great mosque and a new capital were built at Sikri to honor the occasion, and when the shaikh died in 1572 his mausoleum was added to the site.

Akbar’s fortunes had changed for the better and in the next year he succeeded in conquering the immense kingdom of Gujarat in the west. To commemorate this achievement he built the biggest gateway in India, 176 feet high, to grace his new City of Victory. This city became a focal point and home to artists, artisans, soldiers and priests — a huge population all working directly or indirectly for the comfort and splendor of the emperor.

During the year of 1584, just fourteen years after the inauguration of the new capital, Akbar left on one of his campaigns to the north and never returned to stay. The reason for this abandonment is not known, though theories have been put forward — lack of water and the ingrained nomadic instincts of the people are two, but the mysterious abandoned city keeps its own secrets. The battlements are crumbling, farm animals graze and peck in the ruins. All signs of human habitation are gone; the rooms give no clue as to the people who lived there, the courtiers, the five thousand wives, the noblemen, all are gone without trace.

A thousand elephants and an immense army were based here and were led on numerous invasions, often not as bloody as those of the emperor’s ancestors, and the lot of the conquered was often much improved after conquest. Akbar was an able administrator, innovative and well before his time — his postal system of runners was capable of delivering a letter 78 miles in a day. His justice was swift and punishment was designed to fit the crime. Torture was believed to ensure truth in evidence while executions were held only after a few days of consideration. Meals were sumptuous, the main one each day boasted forty courses served on Chinese porcelain (legend had it that this fine ware would break in the presence of poison). Water from the Ganges, sent in sealed jars, was the only beverage the emperor drank.

Khajuraho

Madhya Pradesh, the geographical heartland of India, is primarily high plateau country. In a remote corner of this state, far off the beaten track, lie the state’s most extraordinary attractions – the temples of Khajuraho. Superb examples of Indo-Aryan architecture, these structures are embellished with beautifully wrought stone carvings, primarily celebrating the pleasures of sex. This Kama Sutra carved in stone commemorates the beauty of the “celestial maidens,” of gods and goddesses, and real and mythological animals.

Built during the Chandala Period, the temples date from a century-long burst of creativity which lasted from AD 950 to 1050. It is still a mystery why these immense structures were built in this isolated spot which, as far as can be determined, never was a population center and is not a comfortable place to live, due to its long, hot, dry season. It is also a subject of intense speculation as to where the work force came from to accomplish such a monumental building project in just one hundred years. One advantage of the site choice emerged years later when, due to its remoteness, the Khajuraho Temple escaped the ravages of the Muslim invaders in their zeal to destroy all the “idolatrous” temples in India.

The temples of Khajuraho are built in three groups, the largest and most important being in the western enclosure, which is also the best-kept. Following a plan that shows little variation, each temple is approached through an entrance porch, ardhamandapa, behind which is the hall or mandapa. A main hall, mahamandapa, follows, which is surrounded by a corridor supported by pillars. A vestibule, antaraloa, leads into the inner sanctum garbagriha, where the image of the dedicatory god is found.

The exterior of each building is impressive as wave after wave of towers culminate in a soaring sikhara, which tops the inner sanctum. The baroque line of the vertical is offset by ornate horizontal friezes of sculpture, which form a carefully integrated element of the entire building.

Most of the temples are aligned east-west and are made of granite and sandstone. They lack the enclosing walls of contemporary structures in other locations, but often had four smaller shrines at the corners, many of which have not survived. One of the best preserved of all the structures is the Lakshmana Temple, in the western group. This temple was dedicated to Vishnu and is one of the earliest built on the site (between AD 930 and 950).

Varanasi

One of the most important pilgrimage sites in all of India, Varanasi, the “Eternal City,” has been a center of learning and civilization for some 2000 years. Nearby, on the banks of the sacred Ganges, the Buddha first preached his message of enlightenment 25 centuries ago. The city was sacked frequently by Muslim invaders from the 11th century on, and later became a center for Muslim worship also. Moghul Emperor Aurangzeb destroyed the majority of the temples in existence or converted them into mosques.

Varanasi has, over its history, been called “Kashi” and “Benares,” with the present name translating as the “City between two rivers.” Situated in the middle of a poor, backward, agrarian, and overpopulated area, it is a shining jewel of learning and literature for Hindus and Sanskrit scholars, and one of the most preferred and auspicious places in all of India for the devout to go to die. The many ghats that line the riverbanks are always crowded with pilgrims who bathe in the murky waters of the Ganges in religious purification ceremonies.

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Ancient and Modern Delhi with UTPINDIA

The Red Fort

Agra

Taj Mahal — “The Crowned Palace”

Jaipur, “The Pink City”

Fatehpur Sikri, “Victory City”

Khajuraho

Varanasi

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Monuments of India with UTPINDIA

MONUMENTS

The other famous monuments in Delhi are:

– 22ft TALL IRON PILLAR-in the year AD 375-415; – JAMA MASJID-India’s largest mosque built in 1655; – PURANA QILA, JANTAR MANTAR and INDIA GATE.

Some other world heritage sites in India are:

The chemicals merged with the air and falls on these monuments as the acid rain washing away the beauty of these great sites.

But it’s never too late. Let’s join our hands together and put our step forward for the revival mission of the Indian Gems- OUR MONUMENTS:

The cultural ministry showed their courtesy by supporting the subject and lectures in the schools for students to understand and respect their world heritage site.

The generation availing the fields like civil construction, paints, interior & exterior decoration and designing should be guided to promote their wide creative knowledge in the revival of monuments.

VOTE FOR TAJ MAHAL – a very fruitful steps to position this whimsical monument on top. Similarly, voting can be supportive to save and revive other monuments. The step can be laid down through:

Internet- software can be designed to inform the viewers and net savvies about these heritage sites and asking for their votes in favor. This method will cover the people review globally.

The procession has started, don’t wait and just share hand on hand being part of this divine act.

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