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reasonsforhope · 1 year ago

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"The prospects of the world staying within the 1.5C limit on global heating have brightened owing to the “staggering” growth of renewable energy and green investment in the past two years, the chief of the world’s energy watchdog has said.

Fatih Birol, the executive director of the International Energy Agency, and the world’s foremost energy economist, said much more needed to be done but that the rapid uptake of solar power and electric vehicles were encouraging.

“Despite the scale of the challenges, I feel more optimistic than I felt two years ago,” he said in an interview. “Solar photovoltaic installations and electric vehicle sales are perfectly in line with what we said they should be, to be on track to reach net zero by 2050, and thus stay within 1.5C. Clean energy investments in the last two years have seen a staggering 40% increase.” ...

The IEA, in a report entitled Net Zero Roadmap, published on Tuesday morning, also called on developed countries with 2050 net zero targets, including the UK, to bring them forward by several years.

The report found “almost all countries must move forward their targeted net zero dates”, which for most developed countries are 2050. Some developed countries have earlier dates, such as Germany with 2045 and Austria and Iceland with 2040 and for many developing countries they are much later, 2060 in the case of China and 2070 for India.

Cop28, the UN climate summit to be held in Dubai this November and December, offered a key opportunity for countries to set out tougher emissions-cutting plans, Birol said.

He wants to see Cop28 agree a tripling of renewable energy by 2030, and a 75% cut in methane from the energy sector by the same date. The latter could be achieved at little cost, because high gas prices mean that plugging leaks from oil and gas wells can be profitable...

He also called for Cop28 to agree a doubling of energy efficiency. “To reduce fossil fuel emissions, we need to reduce demand for fossil fuels. This is a golden condition, if we are to reach our climate goals,” he said.

Birol stopped short of endorsing the call that some countries have made for a full phase-out of fossil fuels by 2050 to be agreed at Cop28, but he said all countries must work on reducing their fossil fuel use."

-via The Guardian, September 26, 2023

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umichenginabroad · 5 months ago

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Week 0: Sleep 0

Hi, my name is Alex Shamoun, a rising sophomore in Robotics. I am Michigan born and raised and I am very excited to be able to share my journey through Reykjavik, Iceland. Iceland is a very unique country in both geography and culture. Iceland being an island formed with a large amount of volcanic activity gives it both a geographic uniqueness and due to its separation from everyone else it was able to be culturally unique. Over these next 7 weeks I can’t wait to share what I get to learn and experience with you.

Me getting my last bit of real sleep for the next 48 hours.

I will say that while Iceland may be a really nice destination to visit, packing to be here for 7 weeks was not fun. That comes from the fact that Iceland is cold and windy, but despite being from Michigan I don’t really know what I am going to be dealing with. I’ve mostly got a lot of sweaters and hoodies but I also have my fair share of graphic tees and UofM shirts. I spent multiple days packing and repacking just to try and make sure I am well prepared for whatever environments and situations confront me. I think I have enough stuff to where no matter what happens I will be good but who knows. What will I be able to wear or will I freeze? I will learn that and much more very soon.

The mess that is trying to pack for Iceland and being unsuccessful in said venture.

I am writing part of this while at Reykjavik airport after landing from my overnight flight. We left DTW at 8:30 pm and it was a group of four of us UofM students on an Icelandair flight. I will say that Icelandair was kind of alright. The price was pretty good (when compared to Delta), however there was no meal for a 6 hour trans-Atlantic flight (you have to buy it). I ended up just eating some Kaleche(middle eastern pastry) I had packed with me to satiate my hunger. Once we got off the plane and got through customs we were met with our fabled guide for the next 7 weeks Christopher, and oh boy did he live up to the legends.

The man, the myth, the legend: Christopher, keeping us entertained.

Christopher was foretold to us by the students of last year as a very eccentric and high energy man and for it being 6 am that was definitely true. He was up and active, telling dad jokes, speaking in a high energy voice and was tryna get us going and honestly it was working. This man actually worked miracles on us, while the jokes weren’t the best it was just the fact that we were able to talk and his energy was flowing into us just by being around him. Christopher was honestly one of the only things that got us through the morning and the airport.

On the drive over from the airport to our apartment we were able to actually see the volcano that is erupting. While we weren’t able to get too close, we were still able to see the smoke plume of toxic gas coming from the volcano. It was really interesting that it was just literally that close to the place we all flew into and that it was completely safe for us to be there.

The volcanic plumes in the distance

After this we all got situated in our apartments and worked out details with roommates. The view from my apartment was absolutely fantastic. I’m in a 3 bedroom apartment where I thankfully have a single room. We have a balcony on the 4th floor and so you can see the Hallgrimskirkja church (extremely large lutheran church) (pictured at the end) over the heads of all the buildings and it’s really beautiful.

Everyone in the apartments after the drive, trying to stay awake while waiting for them to let us in.

We were given some free time in which we went to the grocery store ( of which I’ll probably talk more about next week) and just explored the city. In the end it was a lot of walking which I am going to be doing again tomorrow. To cap the day off and bring an end to probably hte most busy and tiring 24 hours of my life, we went to a really fancy restaurant called Loa. We had a magnificent 3 course meal. I had lamb soup, lamb shank, and (not lamb) chocolate cake. Iceland is known for its lamb and fish, and this was some really good and tender lamb. Honestly though, the chocolate cake was what really sold me on the meal, it was absolutely delicious and exactly the right amount of chocolate.

This lamb shank was glazed in a sauce, cooked on top of mashed potatoes and roasted vegetables.

I have had a really busy day (i’ve been up all day and yesterday) so I am going to call it a night and send this off and report more of my journey later. Stay tuned and have a wonderful night.

The view from my window at 12:30 am, the sun never sets on Iceland, much like the British. The Hallgrimskirkja church is the tall tower that is pointing out of the skyline.

-Alex Shamoun

Robotics

Engineering in Reykjavik

#UmichEnginAbroad #IPEIceland #AlexShamoun #IPESummer24 #Iceland

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loudtravelerlight · 27 days ago

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The Future of Green Energy: Paving the Way for a Sustainable Tomorrow

Introduction

In the face of climate change, environmental degradation, and dwindling natural resources, the need for sustainable energy solutions has never been more pressing. Green energy, also known as renewable energy, offers a viable path forward by utilizing resources that are naturally replenished, such as sunlight, wind, water, and geothermal heat. Transitioning to green energy is not only essential for reducing carbon emissions but also holds the potential for economic growth, energy independence, and healthier communities. This article delves into the different types of green energy, the benefits they offer, and the challenges we must overcome to achieve a sustainable energy future.

Types of Green Energy

There are several key forms of green energy, each with its unique advantages and applications. These include:

1. Solar Power

Solar energy is derived from sunlight and is one of the most widely known forms of renewable energy. Photovoltaic (PV) panels convert sunlight directly into electricity, while solar thermal systems can capture heat to generate power. Solar energy is incredibly versatile, from rooftop installations to large solar farms. With advancements in technology and declining costs, solar power is becoming more accessible to both homeowners and businesses alike.

2. Wind Power

Wind energy harnesses the power of wind to generate electricity through wind turbines. Wind farms, often located in coastal regions or open plains, have become a common sight. One of the greatest advantages of wind energy is its scalability; it can power individual homes or large cities. Offshore wind farms are gaining traction due to the stronger and more consistent wind patterns found at sea, further expanding wind energy's potential.

3. Hydropower

Hydropower, or water power, is one of the oldest forms of energy, relying on the movement of water to generate electricity. Traditional hydropower plants use dams to control water flow, while newer technologies, such as run-of-river systems, minimize environmental disruption by avoiding large reservoirs. Tidal and wave energy, emerging forms of hydropower, offer even more potential, particularly for coastal nations.

4. Geothermal Energy

Geothermal energy taps into the Earth's internal heat, using steam or hot water from beneath the surface to generate electricity or provide direct heating. This form of energy is especially beneficial in regions with high geothermal activity, such as Iceland and parts of the United States. Geothermal power plants provide a reliable and consistent energy source, as underground heat is unaffected by weather conditions.

5. Biomass

Biomass energy comes from organic materials, such as agricultural waste, wood, and even algae. These materials can be burned directly to produce heat or converted into biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel. Biomass is considered renewable because the organic material can be regrown or replenished over time, making it a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels when managed responsibly.

The Benefits of Green Energy

The transition to green energy offers a host of environmental, economic, and social benefits. Some of the key advantages include:

1. Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions

One of the primary drivers for adopting green energy is its ability to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Fossil fuels, such as coal and natural gas, release carbon dioxide and other harmful gases when burned, contributing to global warming. Renewable energy sources, on the other hand, produce little to no emissions, helping to mitigate the effects of climate change.

2. Energy Independence

Countries that rely heavily on fossil fuels often face energy security challenges, including price volatility and dependence on foreign imports. Green energy, being locally sourced, can reduce this reliance, providing greater energy security and price stability. This shift also helps diversify the energy mix, making economies more resilient to global market fluctuations.

3. Economic Growth and Job Creation

The renewable energy sector is one of the fastest-growing industries globally, creating millions of jobs in fields such as manufacturing, installation, and maintenance of green energy technologies. As more investments flow into this sector, economies can benefit from the growth of new industries and the associated employment opportunities. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) estimates that the renewable energy sector could employ 42 million people worldwide by 2050.

4. Public Health and Environmental Protection

Fossil fuel combustion is a major source of air and water pollution, leading to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and environmental degradation. By transitioning to green energy, we can reduce pollution levels and protect both human health and natural ecosystems. Cleaner air and water contribute to a higher quality of life, reducing healthcare costs and improving overall well-being.

Challenges to Widespread Adoption

Despite the numerous benefits, several challenges remain in the transition to green energy. Overcoming these obstacles is crucial for ensuring a successful and equitable shift toward renewable energy sources.

1. Infrastructure and Grid Modernization

Many countries' energy grids were designed with fossil fuels in mind, making it difficult to integrate renewable energy at scale. Green energy sources like solar and wind are intermittent, meaning they don't always produce power when demand is high. To address this, investments in modern grid infrastructure, energy storage technologies, and smart systems are necessary to balance supply and demand effectively.

2. Initial Costs and Investments

While the cost of renewable energy has dropped significantly in recent years, the upfront investment required for solar panels, wind turbines, and other technologies can still be prohibitive for some. Government incentives, subsidies, and private sector investments are essential to making green energy more affordable and accessible to the broader population.

3. Land Use and Environmental Concerns

While renewable energy is generally much more eco-friendly than fossil fuels, there are still environmental considerations to keep in mind. Large-scale solar farms, wind farms, and hydropower plants require significant land or water resources, which can disrupt local ecosystems. Striking a balance between energy production and environmental preservation is critical to ensuring a truly sustainable future.

4. Political and Regulatory Barriers

The transition to green energy often faces opposition from fossil fuel industries and political stakeholders with vested interests. Additionally, inconsistent regulations and policies can slow the deployment of renewable energy technologies. A coordinated global effort, along with supportive policies and international cooperation, is essential to overcoming these hurdles.

The Path Forward: A Green Energy Revolution

The shift to green energy is not just a technological transition; it's a societal one. Governments, businesses, and individuals must all play a role in driving the green energy revolution. Public policy initiatives that support renewable energy research, development, and deployment are essential. Equally important is the role of individuals in making eco-conscious decisions—whether by installing solar panels, choosing green energy providers, or advocating for clean energy policies.

Conclusion

Green energy holds the key to a sustainable future, offering a cleaner, more resilient, and prosperous world. While challenges remain, the ongoing advancements in renewable energy technologies and the growing global commitment to reducing carbon emissions signal that a greener energy future is within reach. By embracing renewable energy today, we can ensure a healthier planet for future generations, fostering a more sustainable and equitable world for all.

#Green energy

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fosscarrental · 2 months ago

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Renting a Car at Keflavik Airport: A Step-by-Step Guide for First-Time Visitors

Visiting Iceland for the first time can be an unforgettable experience, with its stunning landscapes, dramatic waterfalls, and active volcanoes. As a first-time visitor, one of the best ways to explore this beautiful country is by renting a car. Whether you’re heading to the iconic Golden Circle or venturing further into the Highlands, having your own vehicle gives you the freedom to explore at your own pace. In this step-by-step guide, we'll walk you through how to rent a car at Keflavik Airport, ensuring your trip to Iceland goes smoothly.

Step 1: Pre-book Your Rental Car

To avoid any last-minute hassles, it's highly recommended to rent a car in Keflavik Iceland before you arrive. Pre-booking online is not only convenient, but it also ensures that you get the vehicle of your choice. Keflavik Airport is a popular pick-up spot, and cars can run out quickly during peak travel seasons. By reserving ahead of time, you can compare prices, choose from a range of vehicles, and select additional services such as GPS or child seats.

When searching for options, you can visit Foss Car Rental and choose from their diverse fleet. Whether you’re looking for a compact car for city driving or a 4x4 for off-road adventures, pre-booking ensures that your vehicle is ready upon arrival at Iceland's Keflavik Airport.

Step 2: Picking Up Your Rental Car at Keflavik Airport

Once you arrive at Keflavik Airport, collecting your rental car is a straightforward process. Most major car rental companies, including Foss Car Rental, have their desks located within the arrivals terminal. After clearing customs and collecting your luggage, follow the signs directing you to the car rental counters.

Make sure you have all the necessary documentation ready, including your driver's license (an international driving permit may be required depending on your country of residence), passport, and a valid credit card for the rental deposit. The staff will guide you through the rental agreement, explain insurance options, and provide you with the keys to your vehicle.

If you’ve pre-booked your car, the process will be faster, and all you need to do is pick up the keys, check the vehicle, and head out to begin your Icelandic adventure.

Step 3: Inspect the Vehicle

Before driving away, take a few minutes to inspect the car. Check for any existing damage, such as scratches or dents, and ensure these are documented in the rental agreement. This will prevent any misunderstandings or additional charges when you return the car.

Also, familiarize yourself with the vehicle’s features, especially if you're renting a 4x4 or a larger vehicle. Renting a car at Keflavik Airport often means you'll be driving in varied weather conditions, so make sure you know how to operate the car’s lights, heating system, and other essential functions.

Step 4: Driving in Iceland

Driving in Iceland can be an exciting experience, but it requires some preparation. The roads in and around Reykjavik are well-maintained, but as you venture into the countryside, you'll encounter gravel roads, steep hills, and unpredictable weather conditions. If you’re planning on exploring beyond the capital, it’s advisable to rent a 4x4 for better control on Iceland's rugged terrain.

Before you leave Keflavik Airport in your rental car, make sure you have a clear understanding of the road rules in Iceland. Stick to the speed limits, always drive with headlights on, and be prepared for rapidly changing weather. If you're unsure, the Foss Car Rental team can provide you with tips and information about driving in Iceland.

Step 5: Returning the Car

When your trip comes to an end, returning your rental car is just as easy as picking it up. Most car rental companies, including Foss Car Rental, have drop-off points at Keflavik Airport. Follow the signs to the car rental return area, and make sure to fill up the gas tank before you return the car to avoid additional charges.

Once you’ve returned the keys and completed the final vehicle inspection, you’re free to catch your flight back home, taking with you unforgettable memories of your journey through Iceland.

Conclusion

Renting a car at Keflavik Airport is the most convenient way to explore Iceland's majestic landscapes at your own pace. By pre-booking your vehicle with Foss Car Rental, you'll have a stress-free experience from the moment you arrive at Keflavik Airport. Follow these simple steps, and you'll be ready to enjoy the freedom of the open road in one of the world's most scenic countries.

Make sure to rent a car in Iceland Keflavik Airport for a seamless start to your adventure!

#car rental iceland

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tuhinnseo · 2 months ago

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Renewable Resources: The Key to a Sustainable Future

As the world grapples with increasing environmental challenges, the shift toward renewable resources has become more critical than ever. Renewable resources are natural assets that can be replenished over time, offering a sustainable alternative to finite resources like fossil fuels. Utilizing renewable resources is essential for reducing carbon emissions, conserving ecosystems, and building a more resilient economy. In this article, we’ll explore the concept of renewable resources, their importance, and how they can help create a more sustainable future.

What Are Renewable Resources?

Renewable resources are materials or energy sources that naturally replenish themselves over time. These resources are part of the Earth's ongoing natural processes, making them sustainable for long-term use. Unlike non-renewable resources—such as coal, oil, and natural gas—which are limited in supply and take millions of years to form, renewable resources are either inexhaustible or regenerate quickly enough to meet human demands.

Some common examples of renewable resources include:

Solar Energy: Energy from the sun is captured using solar panels and converted into electricity or heat.

Wind Energy: Wind turbines harness the kinetic energy of moving air to generate electricity.

Hydropower: Flowing water, typically from rivers or dams, is used to generate energy through turbines.

Geothermal Energy: Heat from within the Earth is tapped to generate electricity or provide direct heating.

Biomass: Organic materials, such as wood, agricultural residues, and waste, are used to generate heat or power.

Each of these resources has unique benefits and applications, but they all share the common trait of sustainability, which is vital to addressing the challenges posed by climate change and resource depletion.

The Importance of Renewable Resources

Renewable resources play a pivotal role in environmental protection, economic stability, and energy security. Here’s why they are so important:

1. Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions

The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, is the primary driver of climate change, releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These emissions trap heat, leading to global warming and its associated impacts, such as rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and biodiversity loss.

By shifting to renewable energy sources, we can drastically reduce carbon emissions. For example, wind and solar energy produce electricity without burning fossil fuels, and biomass can be used as a carbon-neutral fuel when managed responsibly. This transition is critical to limiting global temperature rise and achieving international climate goals, such as those set by the Paris Agreement.

2. Conserving Natural Resources

Many non-renewable resources, such as fossil fuels and minerals, are being extracted at an unsustainable rate. Once depleted, these resources cannot be replenished, posing risks to future generations. Renewable resources, on the other hand, are naturally replenished, providing a sustainable alternative that ensures resources will be available for the long term.

For instance, solar and wind energy are practically inexhaustible, and with proper management, biomass and hydropower can continue to provide energy without depleting the ecosystems from which they are drawn.

3. Improving Energy Security

Many countries rely heavily on imported fossil fuels, making them vulnerable to market fluctuations and geopolitical conflicts that can disrupt energy supplies. By investing in local renewable energy infrastructure, nations can reduce their dependence on foreign oil and gas, improving their energy security and stabilizing prices.

Countries that harness their own renewable resources—such as Iceland, which utilizes geothermal energy, or Denmark, which is a global leader in wind power—are better positioned to weather energy crises and maintain stable, independent energy supplies.

4. Creating Jobs and Economic Growth

The renewable energy sector is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. From the installation and maintenance of solar panels to the construction of wind farms and the development of new technologies, the shift toward renewable resources is creating millions of jobs globally.

Investing in renewable resources stimulates economic growth by fostering innovation, supporting local industries, and reducing the costs associated with environmental damage and health care expenses linked to pollution.

Challenges and Solutions for Expanding Renewable Resource Use

While the benefits of renewable resources are undeniable, there are still challenges to overcome in the widespread adoption of renewable energy.

1. Intermittency of Supply

Renewable energy sources like solar and wind are not available 24/7, as their availability depends on weather conditions and time of day. This intermittency can pose challenges to grid stability and energy supply consistency. However, advancements in energy storage technologies, such as batteries, and the development of smart grids are helping to overcome these challenges. Storing excess energy during peak production times allows it to be used when renewable energy is not being generated.

2. High Initial Costs

While the cost of renewable energy technologies has dropped significantly over the past decade, the upfront cost of installing renewable energy systems, such as solar panels or wind turbines, can still be prohibitive for some individuals and businesses. Government incentives, tax credits, and innovative financing options are making renewable energy more accessible, and as technology improves, these costs will continue to decrease.

3. Land and Resource Use

Large-scale renewable energy projects, such as wind farms or hydropower plants, can have localized environmental impacts, including habitat disruption and changes in land use. Responsible planning and environmental impact assessments are essential to minimize these effects. Additionally, innovations in renewable energy, such as offshore wind farms and smaller, decentralized solar installations, can reduce the environmental footprint of these technologies.

The Future of Renewable Resources

The global transition to renewable resources is well underway, but much more work is needed to ensure a sustainable future. As technology advances, the efficiency and affordability of renewable energy systems will continue to improve, making them an increasingly viable alternative to fossil fuels. Governments, businesses, and individuals must work together to accelerate the adoption of renewable resources by investing in infrastructure, supporting research and development, and embracing sustainable practices.

The future will also see new innovations in renewable resources, such as the development of tidal and wave energy, and improved bioenergy technologies that can turn waste into a valuable resource. As these technologies mature, renewable resources will play an even more significant role in meeting global energy demands sustainably. Renewable resources are key to solving many of the environmental, economic, and social challenges we face today. By reducing carbon emissions, conserving natural resources, and fostering energy independence, renewable resources offer a sustainable path forward. Embracing renewable energy and other sustainable practices is not just an environmental necessity but also a significant opportunity for economic growth and global progress.

#Renewable resources

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mitmama · 3 months ago

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Norway & Scandinavia Travel Tips

Since our kids loved Iceland so much, I tried to find other destinations with beautiful nature and temperate weather. Norway topped the list with its famous fjords.

Summer is a great time to go due to the long days. Weather wise, note the west fjord part of Norway including Bergen rain a lot. But at least when we were there it was mostly showers, rain and sun, except for 1 day when it rained on and off.

FLIGHTS

I usually find flights on Google Flights. The Explore Option can give you the best price in the next 6 months for your destination of choice. So right now it says it's $417 to go to Bergen round trip in early November and only $304 to go to Copenhagen in mid September. We spent more to go in August during kids' vacation.

GETTING AROUND

There is a Norway in a Nutshell route that you can do on your own (probably cheaper), with trains to the fjords and fjord cruise. We did just that, flying into Oslo with a stopover in Copenhagen. Then you can buy:

Train ticket from Oslo S to Flam Stasjon on Vy. This is really two trains: from Oslo to Myrdal (5 hours) on Bergen Railway, and from Myrdal to Flam (1 hour) on Flam Railway. In the summer, ticket can cost $150 per person.

Fjord cruises (typically 2 hours) from Flam to Gudvangen. We actually didn't do that, and chose to do kayak tour from Nordic Ventures leaving from Gudvangen. You can also rent a boat from Flam here to drive yourself.

Bus from Flam or Gudvangen to Voss then train to Bergen. We actually didn't quite do that either, and took a Ferry on Norled from Flam, to see more of the Sognefjord. The ferry costs $50, takes 5 hours so not as fast as the bus/train option.

One thing to note about buying train tickets on Vy, they only take European credit cards or Paypal.

Getting around in Bergen or Oslo is super easy, there's metro and Uber everywhere, and taxi from the airport. Getting around the Flam / fjord area isn't as easy. There's no Uber and we read you'd have to book taxis ahead. We ended up riding buses around, and that took planning too. Different buses operate on different schedule. You can see the options at Skyss (buy onboard) or Norways Best.

Last but not least, did you know that about a quarter of cars in Norway are electric vehicles! And over 80% of new cars sold in Norway were EVs. So we got rides in Tesla Ubers and an electric Mustang. The Tesla driver was proud and loves it. The immigrant driver of the Mustang did complain that he'd prefer a gas car that feels more like a real car. ;-)

WHERE TO STAY

We stayed in Airbnbs for most of the trip. It costs generally about $500 a night for our extended family of 6 in the most central locations. More affordable compared to our other travel choice, Banff, Canada. The only exception is Flam: limited selection and lots of travelers. We ended up staying in Aurland for a more peaceful and scenic town and paid a bit more. Another budget option is Gudvangen cabins that cost about $130 per night for 4 people.

THINGS TO DO

Norway is really a paradise for being active and exploring nature. My father-in-law said it's his favorite place, even compared with Iceland, our kids' fave. There's just so much to see and do. With 2 grandparents and 2 kids, some of our favorite things:

Kayaking in the fjords

Floating sauna in Oslo

Enjoying the fjord views in Aurland

Train ride to Flam

Hiking in Bergen

Canal boat ride in Copenhagen

Boat rental in the fjords - it was cold, wet and windy. We might have enjoyed it more with better weather.

#norway #travel with kids #europe #scandinavia

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hertziceland · 6 days ago

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Convenient Petrol Gas Stations Across Iceland with Hertz Iceland

Make your Icelandic road trip stress-free with a guide to petrol gas station Iceland. From Reykjavík to remote countryside areas, discover where to fuel up on your journey. With detailed information on station locations and services, you’ll travel confidently knowing where to stop for fuel. Hertz Iceland ensures you’re equipped for a smooth drive, helping you explore Iceland’s scenic routes with ease and peace of mind.

#Petrol Gas Station Iceland #Iceland Gas Prices

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organicmarketresearch1 · 4 months ago

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Global E-methanol Market Size, Share, Trends & Forecast Report 2032

Global E-methanol market size was USD 235.10 Million in 2023 and the market is projected to touch USD 1679.6 Million by 2032, at a CAGR of 26.65 % during the forecast period. E-methanol manufacturing facilities have risen due to government backing and continued technological improvements. The price of hydrogen and carbon dioxide sources has a substantial impact on the cost of producing e-methanol, which typically varies from USD 800-2400/ton based on the carbon dioxide method. To make E-methanol, for instance, the first plant in Iceland uses carbon dioxide and renewable hydrogen from a geothermal plant.

The drive to scale up manufacturing, the growing need for sustainable and renewable fuel, the increasing incorporation of e-methanol in chemical raw materials, the escalation of feedstock competition, legislative support, a sharp growth in demand rate, and economic feasibility are some of the key drivers. These characteristics highlight the potential of e-methanol as a flexible and long-term fuel option during the switch to cleaner energy. The demand for e-methanol is growing at an exponential rate. The demand for e-methanol has increased due to growing environmental concerns and the ongoing need for sustainable fuels. Furthermore, the market is expanding because to the rising demand for electric vehicles and the need for sustainable energy sources to displace outdated fossil fuels in a number of industries. The largest methanol manufacturer in the world, Methanex, predicted in April 2023 that over the next five years, there will be a rise in methanol demand of about 14 million mt globally. A gradual transition to renewable methanol supports this trajectory of development. However, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) also declared that it anticipates producing 250 million metric tons of e-methanol annually by 2050.

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Global E-methanol dynamics

The factors influencing the dynamics of the Global E-methanol market include regulatory mandates, technological advancements, and increasing industrial safety awareness. Global demand for e-methanol is growing at an exponential rate due to the ongoing need for sustainable and renewable fuel in several industries, including transportation, chemical manufacture, and power generation. The growth of e-methanol is being accelerated by advances in renewable energy technology, which enable efficient production by water electrolysis using energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. As a flexible energy source, this green fuel supports the transition to a circular economy, energy security, and grid stability. For example, SunGas Renewables announced in November 2023 that it was chosen to supply green methanol for a new USD 1.4 Million plant in Northern Tasmania by ABEL Energy, an Australian green hydrogen and ethanol project developer. The Bell Bay Power Fuels Project by ABEL Energy aims to produce 300,000 tons of green methanol per year. This is the equivalent of three times Australia's current methanol consumption and 540,000 tons less CO2 emissions annually from transporting fuel.

Global E-methanol drivers

Growing Demand for Sustainable and Low-Carbon Fuels

The market for e-methanol is driven by the rising demand for low-carbon and sustainable fuels worldwide. There's a big push for alternative fuels that can slow down climate change as nations and industry work to meet strict environmental requirements and lower their carbon footprints. Since e-methanol is created using renewable energy sources and carbon dioxide that has been absorbed, it is regarded as a carbon-neutral fuel and is therefore a desirable choice for lowering greenhouse gas emissions. Its use in a variety of applications, such as shipping, industrial operations, and transportation, supports international efforts to switch to a more sustainable energy system. The demand for e-methanol as a competitive substitute for traditional fossil fuels is being driven by governments and organizations that are putting laws and incentives in place to encourage the use of clean fuels.

Advancements in Renewable Energy and Carbon Capture Technologies

The advancements in carbon capture and renewable energy technology are important factors propelling the e-methanol market. The ability to produce e-methanol depends on the availability of plentiful and reasonably priced renewable electricity, which is usually generated by hydropower, solar power, or wind. As renewable energy continues to decrease in cost and is deployed more widely around the world, e-methanol production becomes more economically viable. Additionally, the effective absorption of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions or straight from the environment is made possible by developments in carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies. The e-methanol produced from these sequestered carbon emissions can subsequently be utilized as feedstock. To fulfill the increasing demand for sustainable fuels and scale up e-methanol production, there needs to be constant innovation and investment in carbon capture technology and infrastructure for renewable energy.

Click here: https://organicmarketresearch.com/global-e-methanol-market

Restraints:

High Production Costs

The high expenses of synthesising e-methanol contribute to its commercialization. The complicated steps involved in producing e-methanol include electrolyzing water to create hydrogen and removing carbon dioxide, then catalyzing the synthesis of methanol. These operations need a lot of energy, which is usually obtained from renewable electricity sources and might be expensive. Moreover, the development and upkeep of the infrastructure required for methanol synthesis, electrolysis, and carbon capture is costly. E-methanol is less competitive than traditional methanol made from coal or natural gas due to its high production costs, particularly in markets where fossil fuels are still reasonably priced. The widespread deployment of e-methanol may be restricted until technology breakthroughs and economies of scale considerably reduce these production costs.

Limited Infrastructure and Supply Chain Development

A significant impediment at the moment is the absence of e-methanol supply chain development and infrastructure. E-methanol requires specific infrastructure that is not currently generally available for its production, storage, transit, and distribution. To produce e-methanol, for example, may be more difficult to convert than existing methanol production facilities, which are largely built for methanol derived from fossil fuels. Likewise, in order to ensure efficiency and safety, systems for storage and transportation must be built to manage the unique characteristics of e-methanol. Coordination and substantial funding from a range of stakeholders, including governments, businesses, and technology companies, are needed to construct such infrastructure. The increased production of e-methanol and its incorporation into current energy systems may be impeded by the sluggish pace of infrastructure construction, which would limit market expansion.

Opportunities:

Increasing Demand for Green Maritime Fuels

The marine sector is facing tremendous pressure to lower its carbon footprint and abide by the strict environmental standards established by global organizations such as the International marine Organization (IMO). Because e-methanol emits fewer emissions than conventional marine fuels, it offers a potential future as a green marine fuel. The IMO has set high goals for lowering sulfur oxide and greenhouse gas emissions, and e-methanol can help maritime firms reach these goals. Furthermore, e-methanol is a more feasible option for retrofitting both new and old ships because it is simpler to handle and store than other alternative fuels like hydrogen and ammonia. The e-methanol market is predicted to see substantial expansion as a result of the expected increase in the use of e-methanol as a marine fuel and the growing need for sustainable shipping solutions.

Segment Overview

By Type, The E-methanol market is segmented into Ferrosilicon Plant, Biogas Plant, Cement Plant, MSW And Biomass, and others. E-methanol is produced from the plants using the hydrogen-rich off-gases and carbon monoxide from the ferrosilicon manufacturing process. These gases are perfect for the synthesis of methanol. This type of e-methanol production is advantageous since it employs industrial waste gases, which lowers waste and encourages sustainability. E-methanol is produced by the anaerobic digestion of organic materials, including manure, agricultural waste, & municipal solid waste. Biogas facilities provide this product. The biogas is processed and then transformed into e-methanol. Because it reduces greenhouse gas emissions and turns renewable organic waste into a useful chemical feedstock, this process is incredibly sustainable. These markets are essential to the growth of the e-methanol industry because they offer sustainable substitutes for traditional methanol production and aid in the worldwide push for carbon neutrality and the use of renewable energy sources.

By Application, The E-methanol market is segmented into Formaldehyde, MTBE, Gasoline, Dimethyl Ether, Solvents, Others. The fuel industry depends on e-methanol due to its importance is an essential feedstock for the production of formaldehyde, which is used to make resins, plastics, and other chemicals. It also plays a key role in the production of MTBE, which improves gasoline's octane rating and reduces engine knocking. Moreover, e-methanol can be merged directly into gasoline as an alternative fuel, resulting in cleaner combustion and lower emissions. Lastly, it is a primary input for the production of dimethyl ether, which could replace diesel in transportation and serves as a propellant for aerosol products. All of these applications highlight e-methanol's versatility as well as its significant role in growing sustainable chemical processes and energy solutions.

Global E-methanol Overview by Region

Europe has dominated the e-methanol market for a number of reasons. First off, the region's booming chemical industry which is particularly strong in Germany sees green methanol as a sustainable feedstock that will spur innovation and environmentally friendly practices. Second, significant legislative initiatives to decarbonize maritime transportation have been initiated throughout Europe, encouraging the use of green methanol. Additionally, the e-methanol market is significantly fueled by Europe's ongoing demand for environmentally friendly chemicals and fuels, with some businesses considering methanol as a decarbonization fuel. For example, P1 Fuels & Carbon Recycling International decided to supply Germany with an e-methanol manufacturing plant in July 2023. Through this partnership, affordable e-fuels for internal combustion engine vehicles will be made available by fusing P1's methanol-to-gasoline technology with CRI's emissions-to-liquids technology. A demonstration facility and industrial-scale activities are planned for the future, and the agreement, which was unveiled at COP28, demonstrates a commitment to sustainable fuel alternatives and green technologies.

Global E-methanol market competitive landscape

Leading companies such as Orsted A/S, Siemens Energy AG, BASF SE, European Energy A/S, European Energy A/S , Carbon Recycling International, Uniper SE, Tractebel Engineering GmbH, Elyse Energy, Henan Shuncheng Group., Dow, Swiss Liquid Future/Thyssenkrupp, ABEL and Thyssenkrupp and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics. The players are working together on a number of initiatives because of the increasing demand for e-methanol, its potential to act as a carrier of hydrogen and its ability to ease the switch to green hydrogen. E-methanol projects are more appealing because to the growing need for cleaner energy alternatives, the expansion of the chemical industry, which uses methanol feedstock, and the growing need for sustainable energy solutions. In 2023, European Energy A/S announced that it was building the world's largest CO2-to-green methanol production facility in Denmark, with an estimated yearly capacity of 32,000 tons. The facility will use Clariant's Megamax catalyst for methanol synthesis; this catalyst is well-known for its high activity and stability in the CO2-to-methanol conversion process. The goal of this initiative is to produce green methanol that will help the maritime transportation and chemical sectors.

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esgjuly · 6 months ago

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Describe the recently developed Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)

We believe that Agile Advisors' Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, The European Union has pledged to cut its net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared to 1990. In the EU Member States, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein, the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS 1) provides standardized greenhouse gas emissions pricing for energy-intensive sectors. The present strategies to prevent carbon leakage, such as moving production to third countries due to costs associated with EU climate policies, have reduced the price signal. Those actions are intended to be replaced by the carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM). The CBAM, a mechanism designed to ensure fairness, will guarantee that the cost of carbon is borne equally by goods produced in the EU and those imported into the EU.

Being an expert in Agile Advisors' Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, this means that producers who cause more emissions throughout the production process are not as competitive as those who generate items with lower particular emissions. Importers are now required to report embedded emissions, or emissions connected to the production of imported items, at the time of importation. In order to offset their emissions, EU manufacturers are already required to turn in their EU allowances; however, some allowances can be obtained for free by purchasing the allowances at auctions or from other market players. Starting in 2026, importers will also have to relinquish their CBAM allowances in order to offset the embedded emissions in their imported goods. Importers simply need to offset a portion of the embedded emissions as long as EU producers enjoy free allocation.

As one of Agile Advisors' top Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, when it comes to a country of origin, the surrendering requirement is adjusted to account for the effective price of carbon paid there. The CBAM covers only items from specific industries. The legislation applies to Pt. products such as hydrogen, ammonia, and green steel but not e-fuels. Products bearing the CBAM logo are subject to reporting requirements regarding the emissions incurred during production. The first reports covering the final quarter of 2023 are due by January 31, 2024. The importers rely on the information supplied by the goods' producers. Supporters of this strategy contend that Section 232 of the Trade Act of 1962, which gives the president the authority to impose import restrictions on commodities essential to national security, might be used by President Biden to enact a tariff based on carbon emissions.

In our role as Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, to impose steel and aluminum tariffs and gain negotiation leverage for other items, President Donald Trump, for example, used Section 232. The Biden administration's recent Sec. 232 tariff accords show how it plans to develop a carbon-based trade policy to support local clean steel and aluminum production while simultaneously coordinating global trade with climate goals. One of the main design questions in the US context is whether and how a border adjustment may be made in the event that there is no government price on carbon. The Biden administration has admitted that estimating the environmental cost in the absence of a clear carbon price is challenging. This is to make sure that goods made within the EU are never given preferential treatment over items that are imported into the EU.

To help you as Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, Biden’s economic and climate advisors, however, have contended that the implicit price established by the policy mix in the United States can be harmonized with explicit carbon prices overseas and that the technical difficulty of basing a border adjustment on an implicit carbon price is not insurmountable, encouraging more study on methodology. The urgency of this situation is underscored by the fact that the CBAM begins with a transitional phase that lasts until the end of 2025 because it is a new instrument that involves monitoring and reporting data from operators that are not currently covered by the EU ETS 1. Simplified monitoring guidelines are in place during this period, external verification is discontinued, and no CBAM allowances need to be given up. The relinquishing requirement will be progressively implemented starting in 2026, and the free allocation to EU manufacturers will be progressively decreased at the same time.

#carbonborderadjustmentmechanism

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influencermagazineuk · 6 months ago

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Hitting the Road: Crafting Your Dream Eurotrip from the UK

The allure of a European adventure is undeniable, a chance to immerse yourself in rich history, vibrant cultures, and breathtaking landscapes. But for those setting off from the UK, the question arises: how long will this grand Eurotrip take, and what can I realistically see? fret not, intrepid traveler, for this guide will equip you with the knowledge to craft your ideal European adventure. Considering Your Travel Style: Speedy Explorer or Leisurely Wanderer? The first step is understanding your travel style. Are you a whirlwind explorer, eager to pack in as many countries and cities as possible? Or are you a leisurely wanderer, preferring to savor the unique character of each destination? For the speedy explorer, a two-week Eurotrip is a good starting point. This timeframe allows you to hit some of the major European highlights, flitting from iconic landmarks to charming towns. Leisurely wanderers, on the other hand, might opt for a four-week or even longer itinerary, allowing them to delve deeper into each destination and truly experience the local culture. Choosing Your Mode of Transport: Trains, Cars, or Buses? Europe boasts an excellent transportation network, offering a variety of options to suit your budget and travel style. Trains are a popular choice, particularly for longer distances and major cities. They offer a comfortable and scenic way to travel, often connecting directly to city centers. Eurail passes can be a cost-effective option for those planning on covering multiple countries. For added flexibility and the freedom to explore off-the-beaten-path destinations, consider renting a car. Road trips allow you to create your own itinerary and discover hidden gems along the way. Just be sure to factor in car rental costs, gas prices, and potential tolls on highways. Budget-minded travelers might choose intercity buses. While they can be slower than trains, they offer a comfortable and affordable way to travel between major cities. Planning Your Route: Mapping Out Your European Adventure With your travel style and preferred mode of transport in mind, you can start plotting your route. Here are some popular Eurotrip itineraries from the UK, catering to different durations and interests: - The Classic Highlights (2 weeks): Starting in London, take the Eurostar to Paris, the City of Lights. Immerse yourself in French culture, marveling at the Eiffel Tower and the Louvre Museum. From Paris, hop on a train to Switzerland, a land of breathtaking mountains and charming villages. Spend a few days exploring the scenic Swiss countryside before continuing on to Rome, the Eternal City. Here, history buffs can wander through the Colosseum and Vatican City. Finally, fly back to the UK from Rome, or catch a train for a final stop in Amsterdam, known for its canals and artistic heritage. - Art and Architecture Extravaganza (3 weeks): Begin your adventure in London, exploring its renowned museums and historical landmarks. Take the ferry to France and make your way to the Palace of Versailles, a dazzling example of French Baroque architecture. Continue south to Florence, the birthplace of the Renaissance, and marvel at its artistic masterpieces. From Florence, journey to Venice, the City of Canals, and lose yourself in its romantic charm. Next, head to Vienna, Austria's capital, known for its imperial palaces and rich musical heritage. End your trip in Prague, Czech Republic, a city brimming with Gothic architecture and a vibrant cultural scene. - Off the Beaten Path (4 weeks or more): For the adventurous traveler, consider venturing beyond the usual tourist hotspots. Start in Scotland, exploring the dramatic landscapes of the Highlands and the Isle of Skye. Take a ferry to Ireland and discover its rich Celtic heritage, from the Blarney Stone to the Cliffs of Moher. Continue to Iceland, a land of glaciers, volcanoes, and geothermal wonders. Next, head to the Baltic States – Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania – and explore their charming medieval towns and unique cultures. Finally, make your way down to Poland, where you can visit the Auschwitz concentration camp memorial and marvel at the beauty of Krakow's Old Town. Remember, these are just a starting point! The beauty of Europe lies in its diversity. Research destinations that pique your interest and don't be afraid to create your own unique itinerary. With careful planning and a spirit of adventure, your Eurotrip from Read the full article

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studyabroadconsultantsuae · 10 months ago

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Engineering Excellence Abroad: Your Guide to Pursuing a Degree in Europe

For international students, Europe is one of the most sought-after study locations. It offers a range of experiences and diversity. Numerous course options are available for bachelor's, master's, and doctorate study programs at Europe's top universities. In addition, European countries provide international students with a high standard of living and tuition fees that are relatively lower than those of other popular study locations.

In Europe, engineering is one of the most widely pursued worldwide fields of study. International students are guaranteed to compete in any engineering or technology branch they want to specialize in. Pursuing an engineering degree ensures admission to some of the most incredible careers. You can be certain that attending one of the top engineering schools in Europe will provide you with a competitive advantage and the abilities necessary to demonstrate your aptitude for the chosen field. The most popular location is Europe because there are top-tier engineering universities there with reasonably priced tuition.

Europe's Top Study Destinations:

Here is a list of the top European nations for 2024, among the many that have been popular selections for overseas students studying there.

Belgium

Denmark

Finland

Germany

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

Netherlands

Norway

Portugal

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Courses offered while pursuing Engineering in Europe:

Computer Science Engineering

Electronics and Communication Engineering

Electrical engineering

Mechanical Engineering

Information Technology Engineering

Civil Engineering

Chemical Engineering

Aeronautical Engineering

Agricultural engineering

Aerospace engineering

Mining engineering

Biochemical engineering

Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering

Metallurgical Engineering

Structural Engineering

Telecommunication

Engineering in oil and gas

Computational mechanics engineering

Roadways engineering

Transportation management in engineering

Work and Study in Europe:

To cover their living and educational costs, international students can work part-time and make a respectable living wage in almost all of Europe's nations. Countries let their students work twenty hours a week on average.

Nonetheless, as nations and their policies change, so too will the regulations and limitations surrounding part-time employment. Only part-time occupations linked to the student's subject of study are permitted in certain nations. Before applying to a university in a certain nation, it's critical to ascertain whether working while enrolled in classes is allowed and, if so, what the guidelines are.

Why Study in Europe?

Superior Quality of Education

Top colleges

Explore totally different Cultures

Affordable tuition rates

International Exposure

Affordability and Scholarships

Career Opportunities

Travel Opportunities

Lifestyle

Superior Quality of Education:

Without a doubt, Europe boasts a first-rate educational system and a long history of providing top-notch instruction through some of the oldest and most prestigious colleges in the world. It is true that Europe before the Industrial Revolution. As a result, the majority of European nations are pleased with their excellent educational systems.

Top colleges:

Without question, some of the top academic institutions in the world are located in Europe. You will have access to top-notch instruction and resources while studying in Europe, which will enable you to be successful in your chosen career. Some of the greatest universities on the continent can be found here, from the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom to the University of Amsterdam in Holland.

Different Cultures:

The prospect of experiencing different communities is a liberal justification that one must be forced to consider before travelling elsewhere. You will be exposed to the cultures and traditions of the students from other nations you will be studying with.

Affordable tuition rates:

The low tuition prices in Europe as compared to other nations are among the biggest benefits of studying there. Tuition costs vary by nation, but in general, studying in Europe is very reasonably priced.

International Exposure:

Studying overseas exposes you to a global audience, which enhances the visibility of your resume and career. You eventually decide to study abroad to expand your professional network and advance internationally. Studying abroad is a great way to secure a bright future and a well-paying job. Employers will consider you as an asset and will offer you first preference if you study abroad. Studying overseas increases your adaptability and teaches you how to balance your time between classes and part-time work. You get a live experience from all of this.

Scholarships:

Eastern European nations often have more affordable tuition costs and lower living expenses. Many colleges also provide financial help and scholarships, which makes them a desirable option for students looking for a top-notch education without breaking the bank. This financial accessibility makes it possible for a larger group of students to travel and achieve their academic goals.

Career Opportunities:

Employers worldwide recognize degrees from European universities. Studying in Europe will equip you for a global job in addition to providing you with a top-notch education. Additionally, major European cities like London, Paris, Milan, etc. are the location of numerous multinational organizations. International students can thus choose from a large variety of graduate positions and openings when studying abroad in Europe.

Travel Opportunities:

Studying in Europe will provide opportunities for students who have a strong desire to travel and discover. Student travel is made easier by the fact that many European countries grant student visas. In addition, the majority of European countries use the same currency.

Lifestyle:

Europe is known for leading a somewhat laid-back lifestyle. This is somewhat accurate, and while some stereotypes about Europeans could hold water, the best way to truly grasp this for yourself is to immerse yourself in European society. This does not mean that the higher education system in these nations is inadequate or that the people living in these countries do not understand the value of hard effort. Conversely, this carefree mindset is apparent in many different contexts and spheres of European life.

Career in Engineering:

Chemical, civil, mechanical, electrical, and other engineering disciplines are among the many subfields that make up the large field of engineering. Graduates in engineering are frequently rational thinkers with strong mathematical and problem-solving abilities. Engineering graduates have access to a wide range of occupations; nevertheless, you may choose to select the one that best suits your area of expertise and associated abilities. To become a chartered engineer, for example, you will need to complete a postgraduate course (MEng) and have professional experience. This may entail further study and job experience.

Find Your Dream University:

If you want to study abroad, you should look for the university that best fits your profile. With the aid of study abroad consultants, you may get precise and reliable information from over 1000+ universities about rankings, application costs, typical tuition, cost of living, scholarships, and much more.

#study abroad consultants #study abroad consultancy #study in Europe #study engineering in Europe

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abroad-education-consultants-uae · 10 months ago

Text

Engineering Excellence Abroad: Your Guide to Pursuing a Degree in Europe

Europe's Top Study Destinations:

Here is a list of the top European nations for 2024, among the many that have been popular selections for overseas students studying there.

Belgium

Denmark

Finland

Germany

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

Netherlands

Norway

Portugal

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Courses offered while pursuing Engineering in Europe:

Computer Science Engineering

Electronics and Communication Engineering

Electrical engineering

Mechanical Engineering

Information Technology Engineering

Civil Engineering

Chemical Engineering

Aeronautical Engineering

Agricultural engineering

Aerospace engineering

Mining engineering

Biochemical engineering

Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering

Metallurgical Engineering

Structural Engineering

Telecommunication

Engineering in oil and gas

Computational mechanics engineering

Roadways engineering

Transportation management in engineering

Work and Study in Europe:

Why Study in Europe?

Superior Quality of Education

Top colleges

Explore totally different Cultures

Affordable tuition rates

International Exposure

Affordability and Scholarships

Career Opportunities

Travel Opportunities

Lifestyle

Superior Quality of Education:

Top colleges:

Different Cultures:

Affordable tuition rates:

International Exposure:

Scholarships:

Career Opportunities:

Travel Opportunities:

Lifestyle:

Career in Engineering:

Find Your Dream University:

#study abroad consultants #study abroad consultancy #study in Europe #study engineering in Europe

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pavanpj · 11 months ago

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"Navigating Emission Control: Marine Scrubber Systems Market Size, Share, and Future Trends"

The global marine scrubber systems demand is subjected to growth at a CAGR of 10.4%. The market revenue is likely to be valued at US$ 6.34 Bn in 2022 and exhibit a revenue growth of US$ 17.06 Bn by 2032. The marine scrubber systems market from the wet technology sector is expected to develop at a rapid pace, owing to the increased use of sustainable scrubbing methods.

The offer in this portion accompanies many open doors including fabricating items, appropriation, retail, and showcasing administrations. Broad rounds of essential and far-reaching optional exploration have been utilized by the examiners at Fact.MR to show up at different assessments and projections for the Demand of Marine Scrubber Systems Market both at worldwide and provincial levels.

Download Sample Copy of This Report: –https://www.factmr.com/connectus/sample?flag=S&rep_id=3055?PJ

Marine scrubber systems, often referred to as exhaust gas cleaning systems, are used to control air pollution from ships. These systems work by cleaning the exhaust gases before they are released into the atmosphere, reducing the emissions of sulfur dioxide and particulate matter. The two primary types of marine scrubbers are open-loop and closed-loop systems. Open-loop systems use seawater for the scrubbing process, while closed-loop systems use freshwater with the addition of an alkali. These systems have gained importance due to stricter environmental regulations imposed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to reduce emissions from ships.

Market Players: –

Yara International ASA

Clean Marine AS

Kwangsung Co. Ltd.

ALFA LAVAL

Damen Shipyards Group N.V.

CR Ocean Engineering

Ecospray Technologies S.r.l.

VDL AEC Maritime B.V.

Langh Tech Oy Ab, DuPont

Wartsila

Fuji Electric Co. Ltd

Key Growth Drivers:

Environmental Regulations: The implementation of stringent international regulations, such as the IMO’s sulfur cap, has been a significant driver for the marine scrubber systems market. These regulations require ships to reduce sulfur emissions by using cleaner fuels or installing exhaust gas cleaning systems.

Economic Considerations: Marine scrubbers offer ship owners an economically viable option to meet emission standards, especially when compared to the higher cost of low-sulfur fuels or alternative compliance methods. This economic benefit has driven their adoption.

Global Shipping Industry: The continuous growth of the global shipping industry has increased the demand for marine scrubber systems. Ship owners and operators are investing in these systems to ensure compliance with emission regulations and maintain their competitive edge in the market.

Fuel Price Fluctuations: Fluctuations in fuel prices have a direct impact on the cost-effectiveness of marine scrubber systems. When the price differential between high-sulfur and low-sulfur fuels is significant, it becomes more economically advantageous to install scrubbers.

Key Segments Profiled in the Marine Scrubber Systems Market Survey

By Technology Type :

Wet Technology (Open Loop, Close Loop, Hybrid, Others)

Dry Technology

By Fuel :

MDO

MGO

Hybrid

Others

By Application :

Commercial

Recreational

Navy

Offshore

Others

Regional analysis includes

North America (U.S., Canada)

Latin America (Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Rest of LATAM)

EU – (Germany, France, Italy, Spain), UK, BENELUX (Belgium, Netherlands, Luxemburg), NORDIC (Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Sweden), Eastern Europe (Poland, Ukraine, Czech Rep., etc.), Rest of Europe

CIS & Russia

Japan

Asia Pacific Excluding Japan (Greater China, India, S. Korea, ASEAN Countries, Rest of APEJ)

Industry News :

IMO’s Global Sulfur Cap: The IMO’s global sulfur cap regulation, which came into effect in January 2020, mandated the reduction of sulfur content in marine fuels to 0.5%, significantly boosting the demand for marine scrubber systems. Ship owners scrambled to adopt compliant technologies.

Post-2020 Scrubber Installations: Many ship owners retrofitted their vessels with marine scrubber systems to continue using high-sulfur fuels while adhering to the IMO’s sulfur cap. This led to a surge in installations before and after the regulation’s implementation.

Challenges and Controversies: The use of open-loop scrubbers, which discharge washwater into the sea, faced opposition and controversy due to concerns about the environmental impact of the discharged water. This controversy led to discussions and potential restrictions on open-loop systems in certain regions.

Increased Scrubber Manufacturing: The increased demand for marine scrubber systems prompted several manufacturers to expand their production capacities and offerings. This competitive landscape offered ship owners a wider choice of suppliers.

Monitoring and Compliance Services: Companies specializing in monitoring and compliance services for ship emissions have emerged to assist ship owners in ensuring their scrubber systems meet regulatory requirements. These services provide transparency and accountability in emissions reductions.

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fairest · 1 year ago

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Killing Child at Zoo

There’s little hope. Although I heard Eileen Myles writes a big novel. I often return to them in moments of world fury. In the opening essay from The Importance of Being Iceland, Myles talks about how music can “circulate melancholy” more effectively than writing. When I was 25, Jeff Tweedy told me I wanted

a good life with a nose for things fresh wind and bright sky to enjoy my suffering

so that’s what I aimed for. And that’s what I got.

I keep seeing religious people. The Amish on a casino bus. The Sunday suits in the Naf Naf Grill. A man stops me outside Buffalo Exchange and asks, “are you Jewish?” I used to think, I’m only culturally Jewish? Now I think, I’m Jewish ungenosideickally?? There’s this billboard on I-55 that says, Cultural Jews got sent to the gas chambers, too. La-dee-da.

Outside the police station, a huddle of migrants. Casualties of Operation Lone Star. The older kids compare scooters, the babies wear candy cane jammies a month early. The parishioners cook the food. The lines get longer. The mayor has to do something. With good works, without weapons, Chicago fights the war brought to us by Catholic Charities of San Antonio.

A tart espresso from a suburban coffee bar. The Persian and/or Israeli girls I lusted over in the Best Buy walk out with a TV on a dolly. I stood behind Chromebooks to get a better view of their outstretched necks, gold earrings, furry purses, the heavy sweats tucked into Uggs. The daughters of Zion are haughty, the prophet Isaiah wrote, and the Lord will discover their secret parts. The scribes probably got hard every time they recopied those words. I know I do.

Out here in Niles, all is mall. I could start 200,000 wars. The local businesses shed hours, raise prices, clean Uggs. The diner says OPEN on its curbside sign, as if to remind customers and also the staff. Niles reminds me of “Hot Rotten Grass Smell,” the opening track on Wednesday’s Rat Saw God, and this Hopperesque lyric of Karly Hartzman’s:

neon sign at the nail salon turned off and the streetlights turned on.

I get back in the car singing a different song. The song that drove her crazy in 8th grade.

At the playground, I’m thinking about Billy Woods and his kid, the last verse on Maps. Woods sings, of his child, “Anything at all could happen to him.” There’s another Woods verse, in this warm vein, on the new Armand Hammer:

I write when my baby's asleep I sit in the room in the dark I listen to him breathe I walk 'em to school, then the park Hold they little hands when we cross the street I think about my brothers that's long gone and this was all they ever dreamed People I lost to COVID-19 but it ain't do a thing to the fiends.

I chat with a Dad whose wife is boring, and he’s also boring, and I don’t remember their names but I remember his wife’s extreme bob. What did the children do before they had these leaves to roll around in? I’m only good with the names of people I love. One day I’ll forget those, too. If I learned how to pronounce Fyodor Dostoevsky, I can learn how to pronounce…

In Washington D.C., residents are stealing toilet paper. This is the closest drugstore to the Catholic University of America, where this week, at the Novitate conference, intellectuals fulfill their contractual desire to discuss René Girard. The bill says, We Buy Diabetic Test Strips, the title of the new Armand Hammer. I wonder if any of the Novitate participants will end up at this black CVS and scurry back to the white light of Catholic University plenaries, to speak coldly about desire.

Our D.C. hosts, like most petite Romans we know, work for the bomb makers. They tell us this neighborhood is killing trees to build townhouses that start in the low $800s. The death of the trees fucks with the runoff from the storms, Kate says, giving us grape leaves, and the storms worsen every year. Kate’s into trees. Her cheeks the color of the Japanese maples that stretch over our courtyards back home. Because of the Israel-Hamas war, Kate isn’t quite speaking to her parents. Or her sisters. Or maybe even herself. Betsy and Kate met on Birthright. I like to think they kissed the same Egyptian dragster.

In the Naf Naf Grill, Diana tells me all the “stuff in the Middle East” made her want to watch Schindler’s List. The “stuff in the Middle East,” I say, picking sumac onions out of my falafel bowl, makes me want to watch Lars von Trier’s Nymphomaniac. Particularly the scene when Charlotte Gainsbourg wraps herself in Saran to stop masturbating. When I see Netanyahu, well, at first, he looks exactly like Putin. At first, he looks like Patrick Bateman, when he kills the child at the zoo, because Bateman, like Netanyahu, is “unable to maintain a credible public persona.” At first, he looks like Charlotte Gainsbourg masturbating herself out of plastic. At first, he looks like Yul Brynner’s hardened heart. At first, he looks like the toilet paper when it’s still got a little bit of shit on it. At first, he looks like Biden’s unwaxed floss with little bits of hot dog in it. I watch The Godfather. Find a shrink-wrapped copy at Rattleback Records, the Coppola restoration. Biden and his cronies are like Don Zaluchi in the meeting of the five families. They want to “control war as a business. Keep it respectable. We would keep the [drug] traffic,” Zaluchi says, “in the dark people, the coloreds. They're animals anyway, so let them lose their souls.”

A date with Taylor Swift: The Eras Tour. I photograph Betsy and Leo in front of a spray of pink and purple balloons. I say, three separate drink cups. I say, the popcorn already has butter on it. I’m cold because I’m still sick. Unproductive coughs.

In the theater, Leo whispers in my ear, “Is Taylor Swift still alive?” How easy it would be to take my child’s life. How quickly he would disappear. Taylor Swift, though, will not disappear. Then again she’s a woman. Anything could happen to her. She’s one of Bob Dylan’s “six-time losers” hanging around Matthew Gasda’s theater. She’s Gasda’s “Big five novelist with a forthcoming debut (typically less daring than her conversation).” Or, as Swift herself puts that, “the jokes weren’t funny I took the money.” Even at this late date, running across the stage. A goddess of forms and surfaces. Like the star in Ariana Reines’s poem, “Mistral”:

Don’t you see That between the people who want To be machines and the machines That want to be people women Are still, still at this late date Running?

On the plane back from D.C., I’ll read Sam Kriss’s laborious (in the sense of, “requiring considerable effort and time”) article about René Girard. I like to read Harper’s on planes because the altitude makes me dumb. I’m a frequent flyer. I’m a lifelong subscriber.

To Harper’s, Christian Lorentzen posts a letter from Rome. He informs us, “Nothing matters.” Another Catskills Gaza one-liner. On the ground, I read his pitchy (in the Myles sense that “writing for pay is a little ‘pitchy’”) piece on Don DeLillo. The Bookforum pages, soaked in Canh Chua Tom broth, lay flat on our kitchen island. What is the systems novel? Is it polytheism? “The war over the appropriation of Jerusalem is today’s world war,” wrote the prophet Derrida. “It is taking place everywhere, it is the world, it is the singular figure of the world’s ‘out of joint’-ness today. The three messianic religions embroiled in rivalry are directly or indirectly mobilizing all the powers in the world and the entire world order for the ruthless war they are waging against one another.” Leo sees the picture of Don DeLillo in a pink button-down and asks, “Daddy, is that’s you?”

In the intro to Pathetic Literature, Myles writes that art is something with “secondary meaning.” We locate that meaning at the National Gallery, when I open the roof patio door and Betsy spots Katharina Fritsch’s Hahn/Cock. How could she miss this ginormous blue chicken. It reminds her of her father, who died suddenly. She breaks down for what feels like an hour. Enough time for me to run out of cold breath making sure Leo doesn’t break anything by Robert Indiana. Katharina Fritsch couldn’t have known her chicken would offer my wife the release she’d been searching for all morning. In the art game, you can’t distribute “secondary meaning” evenly, and every player rolls for broke.

Walking in Bowmanville, at an unemployed hour of afternoon, the child’s dress reminds me of some modern wing painter. The blues could be Kandinsky, the powdery reds Belle and Sebastian. The child gathers orange and gold leaves in a silver kitchen colander. The grandmother says, “Hello.” The thought enters my head that I can steal this child, murder this grandmother, kill the child, too, bury it by the Metra tracks. Nobody’ll find me. Circulate melancholy. It’s genre fiction baby killers get caught.

“Killing Child at Zoo” comes later in American Psycho. Patrick Bateman, “unable to maintain a credible public persona,” is sleeping in “twenty-minute intervals” after eating one of his impossible foods, a salad with “foie gras vinegar.” He heads to the Central Park zoo. The surrounding buildings, like Trump Plaza and the AT&T building, “heighten its unnaturalness.” After calling a bathroom attendant the n-word, Bateman sees a mother breastfeeding, which “awakens something awful in me.”

He perks up when he spots the child. Offers him a cookie. “But before the child can answer, my sudden lack of care crests into a massive wave of fury and I pull the knife out of my pocket and I stab him quickly, in the neck.” When the child’s mother, “homely, Jewish-looking, overweight,” finds her dying son, she makes a sound Bateman, if not Ellis, “cannot describe,” and this monotheistic sound is the sound in my head as I spare the grandmother and child.

Bateman reasons it away, typical for him, in one of American Psycho’s Victorian moments of accountability.

Though I am satisfied at first by my actions, I’m suddenly jolted with a mournful despair at how useless, how extraordinarily painless, it is to take a child’s life. This thing before me, small and twisted and bloody, has no real history, no worthwhile past, nothing is really lost. It’s so much worse (and more pleasurable) taking the life of someone who has hit his or her prime, who has the beginnings of a full history, a spouse, a network of friends, a career, whose death will upset far more people whose capacity for grief is limitless than a child’s would, perhaps ruin many more lives than just the meaningless, puny death of this boy.

In The Missing of the Somme, Geoff Dyer and chums do a car tour of the Western Front. They eat. Drink. Make jokes about Wilfred Owen poems. It rains. It’s cold. In Ypres, they stay in an “expensive cheap hotel” with “towels the size of napkins, burn marks on the dresser.” Dyer quotes the writer Stephen Graham, writing about the post-war Ypres of the 1920s, when “death and the ruins completely outweighed the living. It is easy to imagine someone who had no insoluble ties killing himself here, drawn to the lodestone of death. There is a pull from the other world, a drag on the heart and spirit.”

I could kill myself in Gaza. Are there reasonable flights? At first, Netanyahu kills comedy, like Kramer saying the n-word umpteen times. There were many words that you could not stand to hear,” Hemingway wrote of World War I, “and finally only the names of places had dignity.” To native English speakers, who rarely suffer but protest much, Gaza is a graffiti-sounding word, like Even or Once or demise stylized as Dmise. I saw Dmise above a Chinatown garbage can. At least we can pronounce Gaza, unlike Ypres.

No matter what Leo hits, I let him run the bases, get his home run. Then I get my chance at bat. But when I run around the bases, Leo just stands at 3rd base, waiting for me to come home. Before I can, he tags me out.

“I think my strategy is better than yours,” he says on the walk home. This is the first time I hear him use the word strategy and one of my thoughts is, post your child’s revelations online, like Don DeLillo wearing his pink shirt.

I press Leo on his strategy. “Well, Daddy, your strategy is just, chase me. But you never catch up. My strategy is, stand and wait to get you out. My strategy is better than yours.” So my child does understand war.

Suddenly Zionist friends who moved to Townhouse, California. When will the suffering cease? The husband and I saw Father John Misty once. When Misty sang “Total Entertainment Forever,” which begins

bedding Taylor Swift every night inside the Oculus Rift after mister and the missus finish dinner and the dishes,

in Milwaukee, I felt the absence of the horns that play on the studio album. My friend didn’t. Not all of us circulate the same melancholy. Still, I miss him. I miss those abandoned futures.

#israel #Gaza #American Psycho #Bret Easton Ellis #Taylor Swift #Stuart Ross #OG #2023 #Ron Mueck

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earaercircular · 1 year ago

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Waste disposal in a climate-neutral way in Switzerland: is that even possible?

The CO2 emitted by Swiss waste incineration plants is to be stored abroad in the future.

Disposing of waste in a climate-neutral way is actually not possible in Switzerland – the incineration plants would have to be switched off for this. This in turn would mean that municipal waste would have to go back to a landfill. Landfills, however, produce huge amounts of methane - a gas that is even more harmful to the climate than CO2.

So what can be done to become climate-friendly anyway? Robin Quartier, Managing Director of the Association of Operators of Swiss Waste Recycling Plants[1], says: "We need a technology that makes it possible to extract CO2 from the cycle - in waste disposal, but also in other industries in which decarbonization is almost impossible. » The International Energy Agency (IEA)[2] shares this view: In a report, it emphasizes that it will be impossible to achieve the goals of the Paris climate agreement without the use of technologies that capture CO2 from exhaust gases. “Carbon Capture and Storage”[3] (CCS) is the magic word. The idea behind it: If the formation of CO2 cannot be avoided, it should instead be extracted from the exhaust gases and stored underground.

The Swiss federal government expects a total of 7 million tonnes of emissions per year in Switzerland for the year 2050 that cannot be eliminated, mostly from the cement industry, waste incineration and agriculture. If Switzerland still wants to achieve the net zero target, these remaining emissions must be offset elsewhere.

Pioneer facility in Zurich

Waste recyclers want to be the first in Switzerland to demonstrate how this could work. Disposal and Recycling Zurich (ERZ)[4], for example, no longer wants to simply release the 22,000 tons of CO2 that are produced when the sewage sludge[5] is burned into the air. Instead, around 90 percent of the emissions are to be separated and liquefied using an appropriate system. The biogas processing plant on the same site has a potential of a further 9000 tons. Since sewage sludge is part of the natural carbon cycle, the CO2 produced when it is burned is considered climate-neutral. If this is separated and stored for the long term, the amount can even be credited to the greenhouse gas balance as a negative emission.

“First of all, we want to test this new technology on the market – so that we can then use it on a much larger scale in waste incineration in a few years,” says René Estermann, Environmental Protection Director of the City of Zurich. He expects that the comparatively small amount of CO2 in Switzerland will be reduced - for example by storing it in recycled concrete, as produced by the Bern-based company Neustark.[6]

However, if larger quantities are separated, the greenhouse gas will have to be stored abroad. And that is a difficult project. "As long as it is not clear who will take our CO2 - and at what price it will be transported and stored - we cannot invest in large separation systems," says Robin Quartier, waste recycler. However, they are in close contact with foreign providers of CO2 storage facilities and logistics companies.

Estermann is planning a trip to Scandinavia shortly; he wants to explore where Zurich's CO2 could one day be stored in the long term. The Norwegian storage project Northern Lights[7], in which the energy companies Equinor, Shell and Total are involved, is well advanced. Huge storage capacities under the seabed are to be made available there for European CO2 emitters as early as 2025. Other countries such as the Netherlands, Denmark, Great Britain, Iceland and Italy are also planning to enter into large-scale CO2 storage in the coming years.

But it is uncertain whether Switzerland can benefit from this development: "Countries that develop storage capacities on their territory reserve these capacities for their own industry," says Quartier. Hardly anyone is interested in Swiss CO2, especially since it has to be transported over long distances with a logistical infrastructure that is not even available. “That makes finding a suitable storage location a challenge.” However, waste recyclers from other regions of Switzerland also rely on CCS technology. For example, the Linth waste incineration plant[8] in the canton of Glarus is planning to commission a separation plant for at least 100,000 tonnes of CO2 per year by 2030. The operators have already shown in a study that washing out CO2 from the exhaust air on this scale is feasible. In total, the emissions from the Waste Incineration Plants[9] amount to around 2 million tons, which corresponds to around 5 percent of the total CO2 emissions in Switzerland.

If the separation system is implemented, the waste disposal industry will fulfil the core objective of an agreement that it concluded last year with the then Federal Minister Simonetta Sommaruga. According to the timetable, financing must be clarified by 2025. By 2035, the separation capacity is then to be increased to 400,000 tons per year. In addition, an infrastructure is to be set up in parallel so that the separated CO2 can be transported away and stored forever.

Switzerland probably unsuitable for storage sites.

The fact that such a storage site could also be created in Switzerland is a distant dream of the future. The Federal Office of Energy (BfE)[10] estimates that such a geological storage facility will be ready for operation in 15 to 20 years at the earliest. The federal government is working on a national program to explore the underground. Initial work on this has already begun: a deepdrill hole[11] of the company Nagra that is no longer required is being tested to see whether a test for the injection of CO2 would be possible.

Cyrill Brunner from the Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences at ETH Zurich[12], however, dampens overly high expectations. "Even if there are initial estimates, we still know too little about whether the geology in Switzerland is suitable for storage." CO2 will probably have to be transported and stored abroad to a greater extent in the future. Together with the Swiss Cleantech Association[13], Brunner has written a report that explains what is needed to advance the topic of CO2 removal in Switzerland.

In the coming years, the liquefied greenhouse gas will only be transported to the storage site by rail and ship. According to the federal government, however, it will hardly be possible to transport more than one million tons of CO2 by rail and road every year. "Therefore, pipelines have to be built from the source to the storage site - coordinated at European level," says the scientist. The first networks are currently being planned in Germany. According to Brunner, it is crucial that the projects are coordinated internationally at an early stage. The federal government is already holding corresponding talks.

If Switzerland wants to capture and store CO2 on a large scale, it would have to build a pipeline network over a thousand kilometres long nationwide in order to connect the country's thirty largest emitters to such a network. This is the conclusion of an ETH study that was carried out on behalf of the BfE two years ago. Cost of the infrastructure project: around three billion Swiss francs.

For the time being, however, it would also be cheaper. For example, it is currently being examined whether a pipeline could be installed in the tunnel for the planned construction of the underground freight train Cargo Sous Terrain - this on the route from Zurich to Basel. “Some of the country's largest emitters – cement works as well as waste incineration plants – are on this route. The critical amount of CO2 could be fed in correspondingly quickly,” says Zurich Environmental Protection[14] Director René Estermann. In Basel, the gas from Switzerland could then be fed into the European pipeline network.

It is still unclear who should bear the high costs for the "disposal" of the CO2. It is conceivable that the polluter pays principle will be applied. For private households, this would mean in concrete terms that waste fees would probably double. In order to prevent waste tourism, a national solution would have to be found.

Diplomacy is required

What makes Robin Quartier optimistic: compared to natural gas, the transport of CO2 is much easier because it does not explode and does not require a fine-meshed distribution network. He says: "There are no insurmountable technological obstacles to connecting Switzerland to the future European CO2 network." The political challenge is greater: as with electricity, Switzerland will have to convince its neighbours to provide sufficient capacity in their lines to be able to transport Swiss CO2 to the major ports. "Without bilateral agreements with the EU, that will probably not be possible," says Quartier. The EU dossier[15] should thus be expanded to include a new area for negotiation.

Source

David Vonplon, Abfall klimaneutral entsorgen: Ist das überhaupt möglich?, in Neue Zürcher Zeitung, 28.07.2023, https://www.nzz.ch/schweiz/abfall-klimaneutral-entsorgen-ist-das-ueberhaupt-moeglich-ld.1748391?reduced=true

[1] The Verband der Betreiber Schweizerischer Abfallverwertungsanlagen (VBSA) ( Association of Operators of Swiss Waste Recycling Plants) is a leader in the field of Swiss waste management. The members of the VBSA are executives and operators of various waste plants. The association is committed to sustainable, environmentally friendly and professional waste management. https://vbsa.ch/verband/ueber-uns/

[2] The International Energy Agency (IEA) is a Paris-based autonomous intergovernmental organisation, established in 1974, that provides policy recommendations, analysis and data on the entire global energy sector. The 31 member countries and 13 association countries of the IEA represent 75% of global energy demand

[3] https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-product/ccus-projects-database

[4] Entsorgung + Recycling Zürich (ERZ)

[5] Rerad also: https://www.tumblr.com/earaercircular/723530588800368640/energy-and-phosphorus-from-sewage-sludge-new?source=share

[6] Neustark is a leading provider in this rapidly growing field, having developed a solution to permanently store CO₂ from the air in recycled mineral waste such as demolished concrete. https://www.neustark.com/en/about

[7] Along the Norwegian coast, Northern Lights is the first cross-border value chain project to offer European industrial companies a solution for safely and permanently storing their CO2 emissions 2600 meters under the seabed. https://totalenergies.com/projects/carbon-capture-and-storage/northern-lights-first-major-carbon-capture-and-storage-project

[8] In more than 40 years, the Kehrichtverbrennungsanlage (KVA) Linth has developed from a simple waste incineration plant to a modern thermal power plant. Our philosophy is to constantly improve. The plant has therefore been rebuilt twice since it opened, most recently in 2011. The original KVA Glarnerland and later KVA Linthgebiet became the KVA Linth in 2014. The addition "energy + recycling" refers to the diverse added value. https://www.kva-linth.ch/anlage

[9] Kehrichtverwertungsanlagen (KVA)

[10] Das Bundesamt für Energie (BfE)

[11] Deep drilling allows a direct insight into the geological underground and its structure. Since 2019, Nagra has been investigating the rock strata in the potential siting areas for a deep geological repository Jura Ost, Nördlich Lägern and Zürich Nordost. The deep drilling campaign is complete. https://nagra.ch/wissensforum/tiefbohrungen/

[12] Students in the Master's in Atmosphere and Climate ( Master in Atmosphäre und Klima) acquire a detailed understanding of climate processes and their interactions - from the molecular to the global scale, as well as from short-lived phenomena to changes over millions of years. https://ethz.ch/de/studium/master/studienangebot/systemorientierte-naturwissenschaften/atmosphaere-und-klima.html

[13] The Wirtschaftsverband swisscleantech (trade association swisscleantech) has around 600 members from all sectors. Our members are committed to the climate and have therefore signed our charter. Together we move politics and society and ensure that Switzerland becomes CO2-neutral by 2050 at the latest. This is how business works in a climate-friendly way. https://www.swisscleantech.ch/verband/

[14] Zürcher Umweltschutz. Municipalities, companies and private individuals can find important information about the environmental situation, legal requirements or good practice examples here. We show how companies and plants can be operated in an environmentally friendly and safe manner - and how to deal with non-native species. https://www.zh.ch/de/umwelt-tiere/umweltschutz.html

[15] Institutional and legal issues - a self-determined takeover of EU law (acquis)

#waste treatment #waste disposal #CO2 storage

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