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criptomonedasfavoritas · 6 years ago

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Criptomonedas en la economía circular de comunidades

Había empezado a escribir un ensayo bastante extenso sobre las complejidades de lo que llamamos, a veces muy ingenuamente, Economía Circular. Pero dudo que alguien lo fuera a leer. Así que he decidido hacer algo mucho más corto sobre un par de casos de uso concretos.

Comunidad Económica (CE) es un conjunto de Unidades Económicas (UE) próximas (personas, productoras, comercios...) que pueden relacionarse entre sí fácilmente en un territorio determinado.

Economía Circular (EC) es, idealmente, la capacidad de una CE para sostenerse con sus propios recursos y llevar a efecto relaciones económicas voluntarias y satisfactorias con otras Comunidades.

La salud de una EC en una CE se puede deducir del porcentaje de UE que son productoras y consumidoras a la vez, es decir, reciben pero también dan algo. En algunos contextos se usa la palabra “prosumidoras”. Cuánto más alto sea el porcentaje de prosumidoras, mejor, ya que hay muchos elementos que aportan al sistema y no solo consumen los recursos.

En una hipotética CE que no use dinero como medio de intercambio habitual en realidad la moneda es el trabajo y lo que se consume es el producto del trabajo. Si todos consumen pero no trabajan, es insostenible.

Pero algo similar ocurre cuando es el dinero el medio de intercambio. Si por alguna razón muchas UE tuvieran dinero pero fueran meras consumidoras del producto del trabajo de otras se alcanzaría rápidamente una situación insostenible. Las UE productoras acabarían con una gran cantidad de dinero que no podrían utilizar en la Comunidad y, en consecuencia, se produciría un colapso.

¿Qué novedad aporta el uso de una criptomoneda a la economía circular de una comunidad?

Partiendo de las condiciones reales de la economía en el mundo, la aceptación de criptomonedas supone para las distintas CE una gran ventaja:

independencia de entidades controladoras, Estados, sistemas bancarios e intermediarios financieros.

Pero también un inconveniente:

cambios constantes en el valor referencial de la criptomoneda dado que éste está determinado por la oferta y la demanda en un mercado especulativo.

Aún así el inconveniente no es grave ya que:

1.- No es difícil vender la criptomoneda rápidamente en tales mercados para obtener otra moneda que cada UE considere más útil o apropiada para ese momento lo que puede ser otra cripto o moneda fiat.

2.- Es plausible que, tratándose de una criptomoneda de emisión finita, se prefiera ahorrar en todo o en parte esperando que su valor referencial sea mayor en el futuro, dado que su implantación y uso son progresivamente mayores.

Así que el uso de una criptomoneda en una CE conlleva ventajas y no demasiados inconvenientes. Más aún si esa moneda es adoptada por Comunidades Económicas (CCEE) unidas por objetivos o ideales comunes que la aceptan como parte de su propia cultura económica.

Esto último aún no ha sucedido de una forma evidente más que con una: Faircoin que, como sigue un modelo económico particular, presenta características específicas con sus propios retos.

EL CASO FAIRCOIN

Como ya he tratado muchas veces de esta moneda me centraré en el asunto que atañe a este artículo: la creación de CCEE con EC usando Faircoin.

Características adicionales

- Existe una doble valoración del Faircoin: la de los mercados, como casi todas las demás criptomonedas y también el valor consensuado por la propia Comunidad Global que la ha adoptado (Faircoop).

- El compromiso de Faircoop de cambiar Faircoin a moneda Fiat al precio consensuado a cualquier UE afin a los ideales de la Comunidad que precise ese cambio.

Para entender el enorme reto que esto representa y, aún, su viabilidad tenemos que entender también la realidad de cómo se aplica el concepto de CE a Faircoop. Realmente no hay una CE global sino pequeñas e incipientes CCEE locales más o menos desarrolladas.

CE Local es toda red de productoras, comerciantes y consumidoras que pueden interactuar entre sí con facilidad. Básicamente es el concepto faircoopiano de Nodo Local.

Caso hipotético:

Si en tales CCEE Locales se aceptaran y se movieran Faircoin al precio variable de mercado, tampoco habría más inconveniente que los propios de cualquier otra criptomoneda que, como hemos visto, no son inconvenientes graves ni mucho menos. Las aplicaciones monedero o wallets mostrarían el valor referencial del momento y las relaciones económicas se llevarían a efecto con normalidad. Podría cambiarse a moneda Fiat o facilitarse ese cambio en cualquier momento.

Por otra parte, persistiría la ventaja de las criptomonedas finitas que, creciendo la comunidad que las usa, su valor referencial respecto a las monedas inflacionarias de los Estados, podría ir aumentando. Con ese aumento de valor, el poder adquisitivo de las personas que tienen esa criptomoneda también aumenta y todo esto se produce de una forma en la que nadie resulta perjudicado.

Caso actual:

Pero, si en las CCEE Locales se mueve y acepta Faircoin al precio consensuado por la comunidad y este es notoriamente mayor que el precio determinado por los mercados, nos situamos en una posición que requiere una enorme inteligencia y capacidad de maniobra ágil para que dichas CCEE Locales sean viables.

Nótese que, a todos los efectos, las CCEE Locales se comportan como pequeños Estados independientes (económicamente hablando).

MIentras el valor de mercado y el valor consensuado son tan diferentes las CCEE Locales pueden, en cualquier momento, recibir entradas masivas de Faircoin procedentes de cualquier UE con un rol meramente consumidor. Y esas situaciones no serían sostenibles ya que esos Faircoin tendrían que ser cambiados al valor consensuado (desgraciadamente mucho más alto que el del mercado) drenando rápidamente las reservas de Fiat de Faircoop.

De ahí que las soluciones no pueden ser simplemente buscar otras entradas insostenibles de Fiat que volvieran a ser drenadas aún más rápidamente.

Es muy importante considerar operativas más lógicas. Entre ellas:

- Volver a consensuar a la baja el valor previamente consensuado. Esto es algo que parece incompatible con las propuestas fundacionales de Faircoop. Y, en todo caso, una bajada modesta tampoco solucionaría el asunto salvo que se llegase a igualar aproximadamente con el valor de mercado. Otra aproximación sería establecer un valor consensuado variable pero más estable, revisándolo, por ejemplo, cada mes. Tampoco es perfecto pero es una propuesta novedosa y flexible.

- Que todas las UE establezcan límites (diarios/semanales/mensuales/totales) de la cantidad de Faircoin que pueden aceptar de forma sostenible. Y así que cada una de ellas solo maneje cantidades que pueda asimilar, utilizar o ahorrar sin tener que cambiar a Fiat.

- Reforzar las redes en base a UE prosumidoras (consumen pero también producen, dan y reciben a la vez). Dicho de otra manera: aceptar Faircoin al 100% entre UE prosumidoras y no aceptar o aceptar en un % a las meramente consumidoras. Esto implica aceptar Faircoin siguiendo un modelo similar al de las monedas de crédito mútuo, modelo que podría hacerse mucho más flexible en cuanto las posibilidades de cambiar Fair a Fiat mejoren.

Estas son las características especiales de Faircoin. Como he dicho siempre, es una experiencia económica única en la historia que merece toda nuestra atención, respeto e, incluso, participación activa. Sin embargo, también hay que señalar que precisa una capacidad de maniobra rápida para lidiar con un sistema económico capitalista que no tendrá el menor reparo en destruirla si no se puede o no se sabe maniobrar con la suficiente celeridad e inteligencia.

También, como he dicho siempre, soy optimista.

#criptomonedas #FairCoin #economía circular

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lewisgabriel84z31 · 6 years ago

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Faircoin: The Small Price of $0.22 Can be Worth Millions

Faircoin, this asset is worth only $0.22. Something so small can’t even register on the global financial radar. Even in crypto exchanges, if we look at daily trading volume it’s nothing more than a slight glitch.

Ranked at 1134 on CoinMarketCap, this little asset presents a very reliable lifeline for its users. According to Sporos, a crypto enthusiast based in Athens, faircoin can be found everywhere in the world. He says he hasn’t relied on banking services for no less than 8 years thanks to this asset. If we look at the events from the last decade or so, Sporos’ definitely did well to stay away from banks.

Located in an anarchist stronghold in Athens, Sporos runs a faircoin information center. There are over a few hundred similar centers located all around the world. The centers are stocked with many homemade products like honey, soap, perfume, olive oil, tea and even jewelry. Of course all the products vary depending on the location on the center, but they all have one thing in common. They can all be purchased with faircoin.

If the provided information is accurate, we’re looking at over 620 centers all around the world. Sporos refers to them as the ecosystem of faircoin. This ecosystem includes a transportation sharing app combined with an AirBnB alternative and faircoin-based financial institution. The institution is called the Bank of Commons and is completely tax-free.

Faircoin redefines being human

In this global network, nodes aren’t exactly nodes. Usually, nodes are the computers, but in the faircoin ecosystem each human is a node. This node forges the links between local initiatives and the global ones. This is referred to as a FairCoop.

The people or nodes of this ecosystem have their agreement and they always trade faircoin at a fixed rate of €1.2. This consensus was reached back in January by an assembly of faircoin nodes. Essentially, this completely invalidates the official price at CoinMarketCap.

The story of faircoin finds its origins back in 2014. This cryptocurrency was abandoned by its initial creator. By all accounts he intended to use it as a pump-and-dump scheme. The project was later discovered by Enric Duran, who has strong anarchistic beliefs.

He had his rise to fame when he robbed almost €500 000 in loans from Spanish banks back in 2008. He later founded a post-capitalist collective named the Catalan Integral Cooperative (CIC). It’s from the website of CIC that Duran started organizing the faircoin community. He managed to transform the small community into an international body named FairCoop. FairCoop is always looking for other likeminded groups to start new initiatives.

Especially with the reputation most crypto projects currently have, faircoin is very easily distinguished. This community is run mostly on trust. The coin was originally build on the proof-of-stake protocol, but in 2017 a new protocol was made titled “proof-of-cooperation” (PoC). This is very light-weight consensus mechanism, which runs on a set of 19 raspberry pies.

Faircoin is in a league of its own

This is a complete counter to the competitive nature of mining. PoC requires all 19 nodes to collaborate in order to validate a block. They are paid for doing so in transaction fees. The block creators require an approval from the FairCoop assembly. This assembly consists of around 280 faircoin users responsible for the decision making.

This of course will push away some of the interested users because this means faircoin has a big vulnerability to centralization effects. Even so, those interested can look forward to an interesting project that can give the start to something new.

You can also check out:

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Dubai Will Use an Official Blockchain-Powered System

Bitcoin Rat Pops Up on Wall Street: Ready to Tear Down the Fed

Sidechain: New Bitcoin Sidechain Will Allow ICOs on Bitcoin

The post Faircoin: The Small Price of $0.22 Can be Worth Millions appeared first on CoinStaker | Bitcoin News.

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ericrsminia · 7 years ago

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iniciativadebate · 7 years ago

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Bank of the Commons: el banco sin banqueros

El Salmón Contracorriente | 12 junio 2017

La semana pasada se lanzó el Bank of the Commons, una nueva herramienta del ecosistema FairCoop que ofrece alternativas para pagos y sistemas monetarios y que apoya la economía cooperativa a escala global y local.

Los sistemas de pagos están copados por los gigantes de las tarjetas bancarias: Visa, Mastercard y American Express dominan el mercado. Frente…

View On WordPress

#Bank of the Commons #ecosistema FairCoop #sistema bancario #sistemas de pagos #sistemas monetarios

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studios55 · 7 years ago

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II mercadillo EL OSEL

Creando nuestra propia riqueza

16 de diciembre 2017 de 10 a 14h Plaza del Ayuntamiento de Moratalla Os invitamos a conocer distintas posibilidades de intercambio

Estaremos presentes con purogustos de intercambio como ropa, libros y utensilios varios en el Rincón de Oportunidades donde puedes dejar lo que no necesitas y llevarte lo que te haga falta.

Especial ocasión para conocer las nuevas…

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#faircoin #FairCoop #formación #información #mercadillo #monedas sociales #Moratalla #Murcia #OSEL

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comunicacionabierta · 5 years ago

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One of the priority objectives of FairCoop is to build a new global economic system based on cooperation, ethics, solidarity and justice in our economic relations.

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crypterxmarket-blog · 6 years ago

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$0.22 Crypto Asset Became a Lifeline for Activists

That's how Athens-based crypto enthusiast named "Sporos" describes faircoin – a tiny, $0.22 asset that in terms of daily trading volume, is barely a glitch on global cryptocurrency exchanges. Although it's listed at number 1,134 on CoinMarketCap, faircoin users aren't phased by the market's disinterest. Instead, they pride themselves on faircoin's utility – which they say serves as nothing less than a lifeline. "I haven't used a bank in eight years," Sporos told Crypterx. Sporos was speaking from the heart of Exarcheia, an anarchist stronghold in Athens, where he maintains a faircoin information center. One of several hundred similar stations around the world, the center is stocked with homemade products like soaps, honey, olive oils, teas and jewelry, all available for purchase in faircoin. According to available data, there's an estimated 624 such centers worldwide, each part of what Sporos calls the "faircoin ecosystem," which includes a transportation sharing app, an AirBnB alternative and even a faircoin-based, tax-free financial institution called Bank of the Commons. Within this network, Sporos refers to himself as a "node." While typically referring to computers, in faircoin, a node is a human representative that forges links between local initiatives and the global faircoin community, also known as FairCoop. And those that are part of this cooperative trade faircoin – even with its price on CoinMarketCap far lower – for a fixed €1.20. It's a strict peg that was decided on by an assembly of faircoin users in January. But while the valuation has been reduced on public cryptocurrency exchanges, Sporos argues the underlying infrastructure remains resilient. He told Crypterx: "Even though if somebody looks at the market price and sees $0.22, and if you have €10,000 you can buy all the coins, and that's it, even though we have this very low price, our real economy is the people." Read the full article

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86xsite · 6 years ago

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“It exists everywhere.”

That’s how Athens-based crypto enthusiast named “Sporos” describes faircoin – a tiny, $0.22 asset that in terms of daily trading volume, is barely a glitch on global cryptocurrency exchanges. Although it’s listed at number 1,134 on CoinMarketCap, faircoin users aren’t phased by the market’s disinterest.

Instead, they pride themselves on faircoin’s utility – which they say serves as nothing less than a lifeline.

“I haven’t used a bank in eight years,” Sporos told CoinDesk.

Sporos was speaking from the heart of Exarcheia, an anarchist stronghold in Athens, where he maintains a faircoin information center. One of several hundred similar stations around the world, the center is stocked with homemade products like soaps, honey, olive oils, teas and jewelry, all available for purchase in faircoin.

According to available data, there’s an estimated 624 such centers worldwide, each part of what Sporos calls the “faircoin ecosystem,” which includes a transportation sharing app, an AirBnB alternative and even a faircoin-based, tax-free financial institution called Bank of the Commons.

Within this network, Sporos refers to himself as a “node.” While typically referring to computers, in faircoin, a node is a human representative that forges links between local initiatives and the global faircoin community, also known as FairCoop.

And those that are part of this cooperative trade faircoin – even with its price on CoinMarketCap far lower – for a fixed €1.20. It’s a strict peg that was decided on by an assembly of faircoin users in January.

But while the valuation has been reduced on public cryptocurrency exchanges, Sporos argues the underlying infrastructure remains resilient.

He told CoinDesk:

“Even though if somebody looks at the market price and sees $0.22, and if you have €10,000 you can buy all the coins, and that’s it, even though we have this very low price, our real economy is the people.” Abandoned project Speaking to CoinDesk, Sporos described faircoin as “totally the opposite” of all other cryptocurrencies.

“Aside from the blockchain, which is the same technology, the rest, why it is there, the people who use it, the past and the future of it, is totally the opposite,” Sporos said.

Created in 2014, faircoin didn’t originate from its current community. Rather, the cryptocurrency was discovered online by anti-capitalist activist Enric Duran, having been abandoned by its original creator (who allegedly created it as a pump-and-dump scheme).

“Faircoin was just another coin somebody made,” Sporos told CoinDesk. “Some friends found this abandoned project, they liked the name, they bought the coins from here and there with their money, they acquired 50 million out of 52 million.”

A legendary activist, Duran is known for robbing nearly half a million euros in loans from Spanish banks in 2008, before founding a post-capitalist collective, the Catalan Integral Cooperative (CIC).

“What they wanted to do was use the legal system and find bureaucratic loopholes to create their own internal economy and structure outside of the state, where people can satisfy their basic needs,” bitcoin developer and early faircoin technical advisor, Amir Taaki, told CoinDesk.

From his site in the CIC, Duran organized the fledging faircoin community into an international body, named FairCoop, that seeks collaborations with groups that share similar ideas.

At the time of writing, “nearly one thousand freelancers, cooperatives, worker-run businesses and small companies accept faircoin for their work and services,” that serve up to “15,000 users in total,” Duran and a faircoin core developer that wished to remain anonymous told CoinDesk in a joint statement.

Simply providing “tools for political disobedience,” Sporos said that faircoin often works in tandem with other local currency efforts, providing economic tools for communities to differentiate themselves from state forces.

“Faircoin doesn’t have an objective. Whoever uses it has an objective,” Sporos said. “It’s not a community, it’s many communities, collectives, cooperatives, individuals, even people who use it not based on ideology, but just as a tool.”

He continued:

“It’s just a tool, just a tool to avoid taxes, states, banks, whoever is monitoring your private life.” A trust-based system Consisting of small, community-oriented efforts internationally, faircoin is distinguished from other cryptocurrencies by its emphasis on trust, which is a defining security characteristic of its blockchain.

“We as faircoin advocates believe that human trust networked relations and decentralized technologies as the blockchain can and should be combined,” Duran and the anonymous core developer continued.

Initially built on proof-of-stake, faircoin switched to a new way to protect its cryptocurrency in 2017, named “proof-of-cooperation” – an ultra light-weight consensus mechanism that runs on a set of 19 raspberry pies.

“The whole system runs on 60 watts, so two light bulbs,” Sporos told CoinDesk.

Seeking to disable the competitive nature of bitcoin mining, proof-of-cooperation requires that all 19 of these nodes must collaborate in order to validate a block – a task for which they’re paid for in transaction fees. Compared to other cryptocurrencies, at a mere 19 block-producing nodes, the underlying group responsible for keeping the network moving are less broadly distributed.

And that’s because, in order to become one of these nodes, faircoin deploys a social vetting process – intended to protect its economy from bad actors, like hackers or speculators.

The underlying block creators – comprised of what is known as a “cooperatively validated node” – must be approved by the FairCoop assembly, a network of roughly 280 faircoin users responsible for making decisions, to ensure their ideological commitment to the project.

For some, this means faircoin is vulnerable to centralization affects, such as censorship resistance, but according to Duran, cryptocurrencies like bitcoin are just as centralized, due to the relatively few companies that can participate in the mining process.

Plus, the developers emphasized that while block creation is essentially a federated process, anyone can run a full node to verify transactions are accurate.

But the trusted, human element underpinning the blockchain doesn’t stop there. For example, as well as agreeing on cooperatively validated nodes, the FairCoop assembly is responsible for making technical changes to the network, such as fees, block weight and other things, without requiring a system-wide upgrade, or hard fork.

Additionally, the majority of faircoin is held in a reserve that is managed by a small set of key holders. These key holders, also called “nodes,” are responsible for distributing the cryptocurrency to “small, dense communities” that use faircoin within their own local economies. Social challenges As such, there’s a high degree of social coordination that underpins the faircoin ecosystem, which Sporos described as “extremely challenging” given the diverse groups present within the international body.

“Human governance of things can be weak, complicated, can be conflicting, can be human,” he told CoinDesk.

For example, while faircoin seeks to maintain a stable exchange rate to protect against speculation, the cryptocurrency got swept up in the rising market prices last year, leading to a community decision to increase its valuation from €1.00 to €1.20.

Since then, the markets have plummeted, leading to the miscorrelation between its market price and local trade. As a result, the faircoin reserve has insufficient liquidity to properly manage the ecosystem, leading to a poor distribution of wealth among the networks of faircoin users.

The exact figures of the reserve aren’t discussed within the faircoin community (a source told CoinDesk that “no one can know” its contents, for fear the knowledge would be corrupting). But speaking to CoinDesk, faircoin enthusiast Matthew Slater described it as “critically low.”

“Faircoin’s stability is designed to remove market risk, but in the case of a crash it’s the reserve that takes the hit,” Slater said.

While the fixed price was originally increased due to rising markets – the cryptocurrency was officially priced at a mere €0.05 for a number of years – Sporos told CoinDesk that while it’s okay to increase the exchange rate “you cannot go back.”

“Everything will crumble down. It’s not economically rational. Exactly because you are committed to acknowledge the official price. That’s why you cannot go back,” he said.

Slater, an economist theorist, took a similar stance, citing “psychological reasons” for not bringing down the exchange rate.

“It’s governed by people that don’t fully understand the market characteristics,” Slater contended, adding: “There’s an attempt to create an alternative economy but it cannot fully disengage from capitalism.”

Additionally, the small set of nodes that underlies the blockchain comes with its own problematics. For example, the nodes need to be online constantly in order to function – so if a node operator drops off grid, the blockchain will stop processing transactions.

But according to Sporos, while the social coordination is at times highly challenging, it’s precisely this grounding in the human condition that gives faircoin its strength.

“Tomorrow if an electromagnetic storm wipes out the worlds hard disks, the guys who have bitcoins will not have any wealth the next day,” Sporos said, concluding:

“Even in the super crash, we just turn off the fucking blockchain nodes and use our telephones. ‘Hey brother, hey comrade, hey compañero.’ That’s what we do. So this is the real economy, the real wealth, it’s relations and trust.” Faircoin image via Facebook (NASDAQ:FB)

#Cryptocurrency #Bitcoin #Ethereum #Coins #Tokens #Crypto

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