#Croaking Bibliography

[wickedzeevyln]

Ennui

This is where dreams come to die. My personal Chernobyl. No one told me. So, I asked. Past an age of no return where even open mics are shutdown. Worries pile up like Lego bricks and the loose ones are hard on the foot—barefoot literally, and as I pepper the air with expletives gurgling out of my throat, my life flashes before my eyes. Ouch! Tranquility and I are not in speaking terms and my…

[historianguhaeryeong]

Ep 14: Mya Harvey

In the beginning I found it interesting to see the foreigner tell a fairy tale to the Prince, along with the others. After being so amused by the story, the Prince passes it on to Goo Hae-ryung, where she had a very different reaction than the others had. To me, this is a realistic way of showing how stories were changed overtime, and were passed down. Shin explains, “At the beginning of the Joseon period, when Neo-Confucianism replaced Buddhism as the ruling ideology, the government undertook a reorganization of the educational  system” (Shin 2014:17) . This means, that the education in the Joseon era was established on the teaching of Neo Confucian, a  Chinese philosophy that included their moral and ethical standpoints throughout the years. In this time tales were told to give show cultural values, morals, teach lessons, and to educate about history. For example the “Dangun” and “Why The Green Frog Croaks”. Knowing this helped me understand why Goo Hae-ryung reaction could kind of come off like that, but also her character is not easy to entertain or swoon as proven in the past episodes.

After the “western intruder” leaves, he meets Mo-Hwa, where she shows him where his brother was put when he died, Because he was a criminal he did not get buried. Meanwhile, in the village, everyone is scared that the “western intruder” kill people, and called him names such as barbarian. It was then found out that the intruder was hidden safely, and is ordered to bring him back or they will be executed once found out. The prince confesses everything to his father and out of anger he orders all of the Catholics to be beheaded. I think he was trying to protect the Prince from the serious consequences he would have faced. The Prince also confesses to seeing the wester intruder as a human just like him, and I think that made his character evolve to trying to prove himself but becoming more mature in that moment. 

The epsiode ended with a cliffhanger where we find out the Prince is getting a Royal wedding and Goo Hae-Ryung happens to overhear. Im curious to see who he is getting married to because I think we all know they will avoid Goo Hae-ryung at all costs.

                                                    Bibliography

Grayson, James. “How Folktales Contributed to the Confucianisation of Korea: Mother Green Tree Frog and Her Children.” Gresham College, 2014, www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/how-folktales-contributed-to-the-confucianisation-of-korea-mother-green-tree-fro.

Micael D Sin. Everyday Life in Joseon -  Era Korea: The Educational System. The Organizations of Korean Historians, Seoul, 2014.

[kiribbeanplays-blog]

Character Critiques: Poliwag Family

Another ridiculously simple-looking, but pleasing character design: Poliwag!

Sometimes, there are character designs so minimalistic, I can’t help but think, “Man, I wish I could have gotten away with something like that in my college character drawing class.” From a purely facetious perspective, Poliwag seems to be “just” a sphere with a face and stumpy legs.

But “minimalist” doesn’t automatically mean “bad.” Oddish, for example, stole my heart despite being a plain radish. Fortunately for Poliwag, what it does have in its presentation - however nominal - works well. It’s a streamlined portrayal of tadpoles, right down to the translucent skin that’s present on some species!

(Photo credit: Paul A. Zahl)

Indeed, that swirl on Poliwag’s tummy represents its visible intestines! As an added bonus, it can undulating the marking to hypnotize its enemies, just as you’d expect from such a symbol. It’s impressive how a single basic shape was used so effectively!

My one critique about Poliwag is that its eyes shouldn’t be perfectly flat on its face. A few older sprites showed them bulging out, which I feel is a better fit with the bug-eyed appearance of the real things.

At the end of the day, however, it’s just a personal nitpick that doesn’t affect Poliwag’s overall appeal.

It may be a sphere with a face and stumpy legs, but Poliwag is a solid minimalist tadpole character.

As expected from a tadpole, Poliwag has undergone metamorphosis into a frog… sort of. It’s not quite there yet, being halfway between the two forms.

Amusingly, despite Poliwhirl evolving to walk around on two legs, it's arms don’t seem entirely developed. Its hands are adorable mittens that it curls into boxing gloves. Poliwhirl will eventually become half-Fighting if it evolves into Poliwrath, so this concept makes sense.

For a little extra trivia, the front legs on real frogs are often the last to grow when they deviate from their tadpole origins. With this knowledge, the “mitten” hands work perfectly with Poliwhirl’s design!

Even more, there’s a species of frog with its organs still fully visible - the glass frog!

(Photo credit: Joel Sartore)

Poliwhirl’s spiral belly would be fine even without the existence of the glass frog, but it’s impressive to see how much research went behind its design!

Poliwhirl addresses my critique about Poliwag’s eyes - they now clearly bulge from the top of its body. I think this looks much more interesting on the character, with an added bonus of giving Poliwhirl a stronger silhouette.

A bipedal brawling frog is a wacky and fun concept. Poliwhirl does more than be Pokémon’s “obligatory” frog monster, and in a good way!

Oh dear...

Poliwrath, dude… did we not recently discuss the “barely any different” problem a couple articles ago?

To be fair, Poliwrath kind of follows my stance about minor Pokémon evolutions. To compensate for the lack of any significant changes (apart from its hands), its overall body shape is different… if you squint really hard.

I think Poliwrath’s design could be enhanced to better reflect its brawny build. I’m not saying it has to be exaggerated like a bodybuilder, but it should have a little extra definition to its body shape so that one doesn’t have to squint to tell it apart from Poliwhirl.

Let me step away from bashing Poliwrath’s visual design and talk about the lore behind it. Perhaps things get more interesting there.

There’s actually a catch to evolving Poliwhirl into Poliwrath. It’s another one of those Pokémon obtainable only through an evolutionary stone - in this case, a Water Stone. When you think about how Poliwrath becomes part Fighting-type, it’s like the player character has to throw steroids at the beast to build its muscles. I’m speaking about this concept theoretically, as the Pokédex doesn’t back up that last statement. Regardless, it’s a hilariously awesome thought.

Even with that thought in mind, Poliwrath is still incredibly underwhelming. Water Stones aren’t nearly as rare as Moon Stones, but the point is that you have to go out of your way to find this special item just to evolve your Pokémon. All that work and effort, and all that Poliwhirl becomes is… “Poliwhirl 2.0,” but with the Fighting type added.

I feel awful dismissing a Pokémon with that terrible joke, I really do. I’ve done it several times now, and I feel it makes me look like I expect every monster to reinvent themselves when they evolve. But I can’t escape the feeling that Poliwrath could be just a little more. The idea for the character is there, but it needs some fine-tuning to its visual design to truly shine.

Well, I suppose I got my wish after all. I complained that Poliwrath looked too “boring,” and then Generation II introduced a second evolution for Poliwhirl to pick from. By physically trading Poliwhirl to another Trainer while holding an item called the King’s Rock, it takes this alternate path into Politoed.

A neon green, more normal-looking frog is certainly a surprising twist for Poliwhirl. The “identity crisis” argument could be made on account of the stark contrast between the plain Water-type Politoed and the Water-Fighting Poliwrath. But if you ask me, I don’t feel that Politoed is a terrible fit with the rest of the Poliwag line.

For one, the central “tadpole metamorphosis” theme remains in-tact, even if Poliwhirl becomes Politoed. In context with the Poliwag family, it’s a conspicuous design that doesn’t require explanation through flavor text. Compare this to Bellossom, who had diddly squat in its biography to clear up why it abandoned the rafflesia arnoldii concept.

An interesting thought is how Poliwhirl can either disrupt normal tadpole growth and remain as a half-frog monster, or it can mature into a frog proper. This is a wonderful idea devised by the artists at Game Freak, and I can’t believe the Pokémon franchise is about the only time I’ve seen such a thing in action!

I adore how all of Politoed’s visual elements are arranged. It has a limited color pallette that it uses superbly, using splashes of yellow to add more texture and variance on its bright green body. The single strand of curly hair may feel somewhat random to its design, but it adds a whimsical charm to Politoed’s character. Coupled with those beaming eyes, Politoed is an all-around precious character design.

I’m glad that the spiral intestines weren’t entirely left out of Politoed’s design. It’s still hinted by the big swirl on its tummy. It helps keep Politoed’s composition balanced, as having the exact same spiral as Poliwag’s would have likely overwhelmed the rest of its design.

I haven’t even gotten into why Politoed is obtained through a King’s Rock. Well, it’s more of a theory, as the games don’t actually explain what a “King’s Rock” is. Basically, it’s this little stone crown, as seen below:

This item makes more sense when reading Politoed’s Pokédex entries. A few games mention that Poliwag and Poliwhirl are instinctively drawn - even obedient - to Politoed’s loud, echoing croaks. In a way, Politoed “rules over” its pre-evolved brethren.

Poliwhirl needs the King’s Rock so that it can become a frog emperor to all the other little frogs in the world. That’s an exceptionally precious detail to an already darling character!

If there’s one major critique I can get off my shoulders, it’s that Politoed has an unbearably atrocious idle animation in the Generation VI+ Pokémon games.

Are you kidding me, Game Freak? It just vacantly stares into space with its arms lazily dangling, like you did with Meowth? You practically animated it in a t-pose! Unbelieveable!

Look back up at Politoed’s official artwork. Look at how dynamic it’s posed just by raising its arms. Take a look at its sprite animation from Black/White Version - hell, even gander at the energy in its pitiful Emerald Version animation!

Even if Politoed was modeled to be sitting down like it used to in the Generation II games, at least the minimal animation would be excusable. It’d be at rest, so of course it wouldn’t be moving much!

Oh well, good thing that my strict analysis of a 3D model isn’t a dealbreaker for my love of Politoed.

Politoed is one of those characters that makes me smile to look at. Visually, it’s somewhat of a curveball as an evolution for Poliwhirl. At the same time, I feel it fits right in with the rest of the evolutionary family.

Before I end this article, there’s one piece of trivia I wanted to share, but couldn’t find enough credible sources to back it up. Politoed is one of the few Pokémon who can have Drizzle as its ability. I have a distinct memory that this references folklore surrounding frogs as rainmakers and signs of a good harvest. However, this is the only remotely credible source I found, suggesting it’s a general Native American belief. Since this website doesn’t have a bibliography, and was the only website I found with this information, I can only add this potential trivia as a side note.

[elegantcoffeeangel]

Annotated Bibliography

Annotated   Bibliography

Name: Ruben Moreno          Genre: Non-Fiction

1. Title of Text: (cite APA): Headley, J.Ch. ( 2009  ). North of Beautiful. Little, Brown for young Readers.

Short Summary of the text:  

This is the story about a  young  beautiful girl: Terra that lives in a small town in the  Northwest; but, she  has a " flawed " face noticed by  everybody. Her father  constantly denigrates her  with his  comments, her mother does not understand  her worries, and her older  brother is far away from the house. She has a changing plan for  her  life: after finishing High School, she wants to  assist at college in the East Coast . Her  life changes when she unexpectedly meets  a young boy and falls in love  with her. This event transforms radically her life: a) she realizes how  beautiful she is ;b) she begins to feel more confident   with her  mother.  

 YA Universal Theme(s) text is aligned with:  Family and love.

Appropriate for Grade(s:

Ninth  to twelfth

 2. Title of Text: (cite APA)  Braggs, G. (2011).How they croaked. The awful ends of the awfully famous. Children's Books.

 Short  Summary of the text:  Mrs. Braggs gives a detailed review  of the death of 19 famous persons from Ancient Times: the King’s Tut,  the  Egypt Queen -Cleopatra, the Medieval Time: the famous Composer- Ludwig Van  Beethoven, the navigator - Cristopher Columbus, the  English Scientist-  Charles Darwin, and Modern Time: The Physic- Albert Einstein. It is a great  history  not only about the lives of these big figures , but also the  big changes in Medicine and the treatments of different illnesses. It is a  good illustrated book with little about how all these people were connected 

  YA Universal Theme(s) text is aligned with: Effects  of the past.

 Appropriate  for Grade(s):  Seventh to tenth.

 3.  Title of  Text: (cite APA):Bell, H. ( 2003).A matter of profit.  Eos.

 Short  Summary of the text: This is a family story: a brother-Ahvren  and his sister- Sabri that live in the Vivitare society. Ahvren is a former  soldier who has taken part in different wars and he is tired of his service.  At the same time, her sister has been forced to marry the son’s Emperor.  Somebody is plotting the Emperor’s assasination in the new conquered planet  and Ahvren needs to find the conspirators to help not only the Emperor, but  also to keep his family honor. 

  YA Universal Theme(s) text is aligned with: Heroes,  war.

 Appropriate for Grade(s):  Eighth to twelfth.

4. Title of Text: (cite APA) Bradbury, R.   ( 1953 ).Fahrenheit 451. Penguin Random House.

 Short  Summary of the text:  

  Tim Hamilton writes  about the firefighter Montag, whose principal  job is to burn all the “  unnecessary” literature. Montag is living in a time when people are busy:  watching  TV, listening to the radio, driving very fast. One day his  life turned around when he met a young girl : Clarisse, who helped him to  understand the emptiness of his life . Later his life changed when he found  that Clarisse died after being struck by a speeding car. As a result of  Clarisse’s death, he began to read and keep books; but, his direct boss does  not allow him  to do that.

 YA Universal Theme(s) text is aligned with: Need for  change.

 Appropriate for Grade(s):

Sixth to twelfth.

[delicatelysublimeforester]

Save The Frogs Day April 29

Northern Leopard Frog compared to frogs around the world. Northern Leopard Frog lower right corner

Rana_sylvatica Wood Frog

Rana_pipiens Northern Leopard Frog

Lithobates_sylvaticus_(wood_frog)

“If we can discover the meaning in the trilling of a frog, perhaps we may understand why it is for us not merely noise but a song of poetry and emotion.” – Adrian Forsyth

In the plains and parkland region of Saskatchewan are several species of frogs which can be found around the wetlands, marshes, rivers, streams, and “prairie potholes.” The number of species observable increase during the cyclical years when Saskatchewan has a higher water table. Saskatchewan, experiences a temperate climate, which cycles between drought and high moisture years. Winnipeg locates at the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers. During the years when the Red River produces great floods through North Dakota, and Manitoba, those are also years when the water table is high in Saskatchewan and communities of Saskatchewan also experience flooding. Historically, there have been high water levels during the years 2011, 2009, 1997, 1996, 1979, 1974, and 1950.

Saskatchewan species of frogs include; Canadian Toad Anaxyrus hemiophrys, Great Plains Toad Bufo cognatus, Plains Spadefoot Toad Spea bombifrons, Boreal Chorus Frog Pseudacris maculata, Leopard Frog Rana pipiens, Wood Frog Rana sylvatica. Diane Secoy limits the The Plains spadefoot and Great Plains toad to the southwestern corner of Saskatchewan, the area formerly known as “Palliser’s Triangle.”

Biologists study the ecology, life history, osteology, and mating calls of the these amphibians. The evolutionary history is determined by examining the distributions, ecology, cranial osteology, and mating calls. In the field, colouration is noted, along with webbing between fingers, shape of the snout, size, distinctions of thighs, shape of vocal sac, shape of maxillary processes, for instance to determine geographic variations. The tadpoles are also examined for ventral fins, mating calls, colouration, tail, snout, teeth. Frogs do have an olfactory sense, and can sense chemical changes in the air. The presence of amphibians in an ecosystem, is a good indicator of the health of the biome. Tadpoles can use the chemical scents as a method to be aware of predators or food. The particular marsh, or wetlands area where a tadpole was born possesses its own unique perfume or scent, to which the frog is also drawn towards in the final life cycle. At the top of the frog’s mouth is the jacobson’s organ, which is how a frog detects scent. A frog will open and close their mouths to activate their jacobson’s organ in an effort to locate food.

On studying amphibians, not only is it important to reflect upon where are frogs, and toads in winter-time, but also where are frogs and toads in the summer-time during droughty years?

When discovering a Saskatchewan amphibian could you tell a toad from a frog?

Do you know what is the life cycle of a frog (or of a toad) as if related by the creature itself?

So what can you do on “Save The Frogs Day April 29?” The most important thing, would be to Learn about the Frogs of Saskatchewan!

For more information on species at risk or to participate in Stewards of Saskatchewan program offered by Nature Saskatchewan “Humanity in Harmony with Nature” please call 1-800-667-HOOT (1-800-667-4668)

“There were frogs all right, thousands of them. Their voices beat the night, they boomed and barked and croaked and rattled. They sang to the stars, to the waning moon, to the waving grasses. They bellowed long songs and challenges.” – John Steinbeck

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Canadian Biodiversity Species. Amphibians and Reptiles: Frogs and Toads (Anura)

frog smell.

Frogwatch. Saskatchewan. Learn about the Frogs of Saskatchewan!

Secoy, Diane Amphibians Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Canadian Plains Research Centre. University of Regina.2006

Species at Risk Public Registry. Northern Leopard Frog Western Boreal / Prairie populations Government of Canada.

Northern Leopard Frog compared to frogs around the world. Northern Leopard Frog lower right corner

Rana_sylvatica Wood Frog

Rana_pipiens Northern Leopard Frog

Lithobates_sylvaticus_(wood_frog)

For more information:

Richard St. Barbe Baker Afforestation Area is located in Saskatoon, SK, CA north of Cedar Villa Road, within city limits, in the furthest south west area of the city. Wikimapia Map: type in Richard St. Barbe Baker Afforestation Area Google Maps South West Off Leash area location pin at parking lot Web page: https://stbarbebaker.wordpress.com Where is the Richard St. Barbe Baker Afforestation Area? with map Facebook: StBarbeBaker Facebook group page : Users of the St Barbe Baker Afforestation Area Facebook: South West OLRA If you wish to support the afforestation area with your donation, write a cheque please to the “Meewasin Valley Authority Richard St. Barbe Baker Afforestation Area trust fund” (MVA RSBBAA trust fund) and mail it to Richard St. Barbe Baker Afforestation Area c/o Meewasin Valley Authority, 402 Third Ave S, Saskatoon SK S7K 3G5. Thank you kindly! Twitter: St Barbe Baker

Pinterest richardstbarbeb

High or Low Water Table? Save The Frogs Day April 29 “If we can discover the meaning in the trilling of a frog, perhaps we may understand why it is for us not merely noise but a song of poetry and emotion.” – Adrian Forsyth…

[gabrielholt]

Words and Music: A Modern Marriage

SMC342 (Literature of Three Nations: Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) Spring 2015

According to Walter Pater “all art constantly aspires towards the condition of music.” Referring to one or more of the texts on your course, make a case for or against Pater’s argument.     

Through using its qualities in other art forms, authors can manipulate music to enhance and transform their work. Walter Pater’s claim that “all art constantly aspires towards the condition of music” does not account for the purposeful inclusion of music to enhance a writer’s work. Pater wrote in 1877. This does not negate the validity of his opinion, but it does lack decades of discourse and ideological development – including that on modernism. Pater’s theory follows in the footsteps of Gotthold Lessing, attempting to categorize art into clearly delineated parameters. What Joyce and Beckett demonstrate, however, is the nature of art to spill over into other media rather than simply to emulate music. Pater even seems to acknowledge this when he comments that “each art may be observed to pass into the condition of some other art.”[1] Jon Green calls the relationship a “marriage” that creates “musicalized prose” in Joyce’s work, which is a far more accurate description. [2] Words and music collaborate to form a single unit, something that is not quite prose and not quite song, yet not quite poetry and not quite opera. They are not separate, but they are also not part of the Wagnerian technique of Gesamtkunstwerk. The reality lies somewhere in between. The musicality of Joyce’s “Sirens” and Beckett’s Watt and Words and Music all prove to be a combination of words and music that can convey more than words or music alone.  

James Joyce’s work is laden with allusions to music and lyrical prose. His musically influenced approach to writing, especially in the “Sirens” episode of Ulysses, demonstrates an optimistic attempt to marry words and music. Firstly, the structure of the chapter is meant to be like that of a fugue. The marriage of musical structure and literary structure supports the text and elevates it to a condition more enhanced than a fugue or text alone. Secondly, as Professor O’Callaghan described in lecture, the “embedded energy” of music within the words lends the text an extra layer of meaning and interpretation.

Professor O’Callaghan suggests in her article “Reading Music, Performing Text” that it is in the performance of “Sirens” that literature and music come together, commenting on the multiplicity of words and performance.[3] She mentions other scholars’ use of the word “overture” to describe the opening of the episode, but notes that this definition can constrain the reader; rather, the opening is a score and the rest of the episode is its performance.[4] By simply calling the opening section an “overture,” scholars impose musical ideas upon text rather than letting the words and embedded music speak for themselves. This can cause readers to miss the full experience of reading and performance that makes up James Joyce’s work. Scholar Jon D. Green explains Steven Paul Scher’s theory of “verbal music,” or music that is presented through words.[5]  The reader performs the music in their imagination, producing sound in physical silence. By viewing the episode as a literary and musical performance, the reader is able to participate in making the music of the novel.

 In Samuel Beckett’s novel Watt, music is also woven into the text. It is not through form and musical allusions, however, but through rhythm and theme that Beckett incorporates music. Beckett was not of the mind that words could achieve the condition of music, or that he could achieve that with his words. Rather, he viewed both as methods of expression that would never fully succeed. Beckett’s writing is hypnotically rhythmic, and the story centres on a man losing both his senses and his sense. Perhaps the most relevant – if not most poignant – passages, include the ‘frog music’ episode, the song in the ditch, and Watt’s speech patterns near the end of the novel.

The frog music episode contains a rhythm timeline for the croaking of three frogs.[6] Beckett’s timeline reads like a score of music, or at least a score for the percussion section of an orchestra. Rests are carefully planned out, and the frogs only croak simultaneously at the end. In this passage, as Professor O’Callaghan stated, silence is equal in importance to sound. In the absence of simultaneous croaking, the frogs are isolated, each croak surrounded by silence. The rhythmic focus is representative of Beckett’s prose, and the isolation of noise conveys the feeling of failure to communicate that exists throughout the novel.

The song that Watt hears from the ditch on the way from the station is written into the text. The lyrics are written along with the rhythmic notation in the text of the novel, while the musical notation for the soprano part is written in an addendum. The rhythm of the song mirrors Watt’s exhaustion of every possibility in various hypothetical situations.  Rhythmic emphasis changes every few measures, but the rhythmic patterns do repeat themselves eventually. The melody is a series of the same descending notes. Beckett defines the song as a “threne,” or lamentation.[7] It makes sense that the rhythm plods repetitively and that the notes descend in a simple pattern; it is meant to portray grief. Without the music, the reader has little or no idea what Watt is hearing, only – if they looked at the addendum – that it is a threne. When the melody is played, however, the reader realizes that the song reflects the repetitive rhythmic properties of the rest of the text.

Watt’s speech patterns are a combination of his failed hearing, his general trouble with communication, and his desire for mathematical precision. These three qualities can also be attributed to the novel itself. The novel, with its general absence of recognizable musical allusions, gives the reader a sense of deafness. There is no sound or music that can accompany a reader in their head as they read through the novel. As with the threne, it is only with extra effort that the reader can access the sounds Beckett meant to portray.

The novel is in some ways a statement of failure and trouble with communication. Watt really loses his ability to communicate effectively with others, but no one else in the novel seems to be very good at it either. This perhaps ties into Beckett’s ideas that words will ultimately fail us, as will any other attempt to understand this world, whether words or music, or even musical words. Each of Watt’s speeches contains repeated sections that open and close each speech. The speeches in this way resemble a mathematically precise musical structure. The narrator also says of Watt’s speech that it was musical, and that “euphony was a preoccupation.”[8] With the isolation of sound, the failure of speech, and the failure of music to be represented in text, Beckett demonstrates that one is not trying to be the other; rather, both ultimately fail.

In Words and Music, Beckett acknowledges the limitations of words, but also seems to herald a collaboration between Words and Music. Words and music are both comforts of Croak. Croak does tend to favour Music, asking Words on occasion to yield to him. Music is humble in his success and suggests things for Words to try, but at times he gets carried away in an “irrepressible burst” of his own brilliance.[9] At first it seems as though Words aspires to be Music; he tries to sing and follow music’s advice. Upon closer reading, however, Words is staunchly attached to being a separate entity from music. The events of the play are a cycle, repeated every night, and Words begins this night speaking and attempting to quiet down Music so that he can work. All the same, both Words and Music must attempt to collaborate in order to please Croak. Katharine Worth more concisely phrases the question she believes Beckett poses in the play: “might music be combined with words to tap springs of imagination inaccessible to words alone?”[10] Beckett, for all his comments on the failure of words or the failure of music, seems to say that it is possible. Words on their own can fail, and music on its own can fail. Sometimes music can express something that words cannot, yet words can carry the idea of music. Words and music working together can also fail to please, as Croak shuffles away from even their collaboration at the end of the play.

Forms of art are more like primary colours than rigid political entities. While they do have distinct characteristics, they can be blended to create new colours that contain both. Red does not aspire to be blue. Purple is not a failed attempt of red to transform itself; rather, it is a synthesis of two colours. Similarly, words to not try and fail to be like music. Words can coupled with music to create a different sort of medium altogether, one that either preaches optimism or failure, and one that can affect the reader/listener in ways that perhaps neither could on its own.

Bibliography:

Beckett, Samuel. Watt. New York: Grove Press, 1953.

Beckett, Samuel. Words and Music. In “Cascando”: and other short dramatic pieces by Samuel Beckett. New York: Grove Press, 1962.

Green, Jon D. “The Sounds of Silence in ‘Sirens’: Joyce’s Verbal Music of the Mind.” James Joyce Quarterly, 39.3 (Spring 2002): 489-508.

Joyce, James. “Sirens.” In Ulysses, Annotations by Sam Slote. United Kingdom: Alma Classics, 2012. 187-212.

O’Callaghan, Katherine. “Reading Music, Performing Text: Interpreting the Song of the Sirens” In Bloomsday100: Essays on Ulysses, Eds. Anne Fogarty & Morris Beja. USA: University Press of Florida, 2009.  137-149.

Pater, Walter. The Renaissance: Studies in Art and Poetry. The Project Gutenberg. http://www.gutenberg.org/files/2398/2398-h/2398-h.htm#giorgione

Worth, Katharine. “Words for Music Perhaps.” In Samuel Beckett and Music, Ed. Mary Bryden. New York: Clarendon Press, 1998: 9-20. 

Walter Pater, “The School of Giorgione,” The Renaissance: Studies in Art and Poetry.  

Jon D. Green, “The Sound of Silence in ‘Sirens’: Joyce’s Verbal Music of the Mind,” James Joyce Quarterly, 39.3 (Spring 2002): 489-490

Katherine O’Callaghan, “Reading Music, Performing Text: Interpreting the Song of the Sirens” In Bloomsday100: Essays on Ulysses, Eds. Anne Fogarty & Morris Beja. (USA: University Press of Florida, 2009) 148.

O’Callaghan, “Reading Music, Performing Text,” 140

Jon D Green, “The Sound of Silence in ‘Sirens’: Joyce’s Verbal Music of the Mind,” 490

Samuel Beckett, Watt, (New York: Grove Press, 1953) 137.

Beckett, Watt, 34 and 254.

Beckett, Watt, 164

Samuel Beckett, Words and Music, In “Cascando”: and other short dramatic pieces by Samuel Beckett, (New York: Grove Press, 1962) 30

Katharine Worth, “Words for Music Perhaps,” In Samuel Beckett and Music, Ed. Mary Bryden, (New York: Clarendon Press, 1998) 9.

[delicatelysublimeforester]

Save The Frogs Day April 29

Northern Leopard Frog compared to frogs around the world. Northern Leopard Frog lower right corner

Rana_sylvatica Wood Frog

Rana_pipiens Northern Leopard Frog

Lithobates_sylvaticus_(wood_frog)

“If we can discover the meaning in the trilling of a frog, perhaps we may understand why it is for us not merely noise but a song of poetry and emotion.” – Adrian Forsyth

In the plains and parkland region of Saskatchewan are several species of frogs which can be found around the wetlands, marshes, rivers, streams, and “prairie potholes.” The number of species observable increase during the cyclical years when Saskatchewan has a higher water table. Saskatchewan, experiences a temperate climate, which cycles between drought and high moisture years. Winnipeg locates at the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers. During the years when the Red River produces great floods through North Dakota, and Manitoba, those are also years when the water table is high in Saskatchewan and communities of Saskatchewan also experience flooding. Historically, there have been high water levels during the years 2011, 2009, 1997, 1996, 1979, 1974, and 1950.

Saskatchewan species of frogs include; Canadian Toad Anaxyrus hemiophrys, Great Plains Toad Bufo cognatus, Plains Spadefoot Toad Spea bombifrons, Boreal Chorus Frog Pseudacris maculata, Leopard Frog Rana pipiens, Wood Frog Rana sylvatica. Diane Secoy limits the The Plains spadefoot and Great Plains toad to the southwestern corner of Saskatchewan, the area formerly known as “Palliser’s Triangle.”

Biologists study the ecology, life history, osteology, and mating calls of the these amphibians. The evolutionary history is determined by examining the distributions, ecology, cranial osteology, and mating calls. In the field, colouration is noted, along with webbing between fingers, shape of the snout, size, distinctions of thighs, shape of vocal sac, shape of maxillary processes, for instance to determine geographic variations. The tadpoles are also examined for ventral fins, mating calls, colouration, tail, snout, teeth. Frogs do have an olfactory sense, and can sense chemical changes in the air. The presence of amphibians in an ecosystem, is a good indicator of the health of the biome. Tadpoles can use the chemical scents as a method to be aware of predators or food. The particular marsh, or wetlands area where a tadpole was born possesses its own unique perfume or scent, to which the frog is also drawn towards in the final life cycle. At the top of the frog’s mouth is the jacobson’s organ, which is how a frog detects scent. A frog will open and close their mouths to activate their jacobson’s organ in an effort to locate food.

On studying amphibians, not only is it important to reflect upon where are frogs, and toads in winter-time, but also where are frogs and toads in the summer-time during droughty years?

When discovering a Saskatchewan amphibian could you tell a toad from a frog?

Do you know what is the life cycle of a frog (or of a toad) as if related by the creature itself?

So what can you do on “Save The Frogs Day April 29?” The most important thing, would be to Learn about the Frogs of Saskatchewan!

For more information on species at risk or to participate in Stewards of Saskatchewan program offered by Nature Saskatchewan “Humanity in Harmony with Nature” please call 1-800-667-HOOT (1-800-667-4668)

“There were frogs all right, thousands of them. Their voices beat the night, they boomed and barked and croaked and rattled. They sang to the stars, to the waning moon, to the waving grasses. They bellowed long songs and challenges.” – John Steinbeck

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Canadian Biodiversity Species. Amphibians and Reptiles: Frogs and Toads (Anura)

frog smell.

Frogwatch. Saskatchewan. Learn about the Frogs of Saskatchewan!

Secoy, Diane Amphibians Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Canadian Plains Research Centre. University of Regina.2006

Species at Risk Public Registry. Northern Leopard Frog Western Boreal / Prairie populations Government of Canada.

Northern Leopard Frog compared to frogs around the world. Northern Leopard Frog lower right corner

Rana_sylvatica Wood Frog

Rana_pipiens Northern Leopard Frog

Lithobates_sylvaticus_(wood_frog)

For more information:

Richard St. Barbe Baker Afforestation Area is located in Saskatoon, SK, CA north of Cedar Villa Road, within city limits, in the furthest south west area of the city. Wikimapia Map: type in Richard St. Barbe Baker Afforestation Area Google Maps South West Off Leash area location pin at parking lot Web page: https://stbarbebaker.wordpress.com Where is the Richard St. Barbe Baker Afforestation Area? with map Facebook: StBarbeBaker Facebook group page : Users of the St Barbe Baker Afforestation Area Facebook: South West OLRA If you wish to support the afforestation area with your donation, write a cheque please to the “Meewasin Valley Authority Richard St. Barbe Baker Afforestation Area trust fund” (MVA RSBBAA trust fund) and mail it to Richard St. Barbe Baker Afforestation Area c/o Meewasin Valley Authority, 402 Third Ave S, Saskatoon SK S7K 3G5. Thank you kindly! Twitter: St Barbe Baker

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The Trilling of a Frog Save The Frogs Day April 29 “If we can discover the meaning in the trilling of a frog, perhaps we may understand why it is for us not merely noise but a song of poetry and emotion.” – Adrian Forsyth…