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news365timesindia · 2 days ago

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[ad_1] GG News Bureau New Delhi, 3rd Feb. The Union Budget for 2025-26 showcases the government’s intensified commitment to the welfare and development of India’s tribal communities, who constitute 8.6% of the population. With over 10.45 crore Scheduled Tribe individuals residing across remote regions, the Union Budget significantly boosts the financial allocation for the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, reflecting a long-term vision for the upliftment of these communities. Unprecedented Budgetary Support for Tribal Welfare The budget allocation for Scheduled Tribes’ development has surged from ₹10,237.33 crore in 2024-25 to ₹14,925.81 crore in 2025-26, marking an impressive 45.79% increase. This signifies the government’s dedication to bridging gaps in infrastructure, education, healthcare, and economic opportunities for tribal populations. Significant milestones include: Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS): ₹7,088.60 crore allocated, nearly doubling last year’s allocation of ₹4,748 crore to provide quality education in remote areas. Pradhan Mantri Jan Jatiya Vikas Mission: Budget raised to ₹380.40 crore, up from ₹152.32 crore, for fostering income-generating opportunities for tribal communities. Pradhan Mantri Adi Adarsh Gram Yojana (PMAAGY): A 163% increase, now at ₹335.97 crore, to improve infrastructure in tribal areas. Multi-Purpose Centers (MPC): Funding for PVTGs has doubled to ₹300 crore, strengthening socio-economic support for the most vulnerable tribal groups. Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan: A Game-Changer A landmark initiative, the Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DAJGUA), aims to address infrastructural deficits in 63,843 villages with a ₹79,156 crore budget outlay over five years. This game-changing program involves 17 ministries and 25 interventions, ensuring comprehensive development in critical areas such as health, education, and skill development. The allocation for DAJGUA under the Ministry of Tribal Affairs has increased fourfold, from ₹500 crore in 2024-25 to ₹2,000 crore in 2025-26, underlining the government’s resolve to improve tribal communities’ living standards. Leaders Applaud the Budget Union Minister for Tribal Affairs, Shri Jual Oram: “Under the visionary leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, this budget is dedicated to building an Aatmanirbhar Bharat. It prioritizes the holistic development of villages, youth, and women, while focusing on the upliftment of tribal communities.” Minister of State for Tribal Affairs, Shri Durga Das Uikey: “This budget reflects our commitment to tribal welfare with significant investments in education, livelihoods, and infrastructure, laying the foundation for a brighter future.” Secretary, Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Shri Vibhu Nayar: “The enhanced budget will empower us to implement transformative programs like PM-JANMAN and DAJGUA, creating sustainable impacts for tribal communities across India.” A Vision for Inclusive Growth The Union Budget 2025-26 stands as a testament to the government’s focus on transforming India into a Viksit Bharat, where tribal communities play a pivotal role in the nation’s progress. Through an integrated approach across various ministries, the government ensures that these communities benefit from inclusive growth, creating lasting change and sustainable empowerment. The post Union Budget 2025: Transforming Vision into Mission for Tribal Development appeared first on Global Governance News- Asia's First Bilingual News portal for Global News and Updates. [ad_2] Source link

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news365times · 2 days ago

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parasparivaar · 7 months ago

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Tribal Empowerment in India

Tribal Empowerment in India?

Tribal empowerment in India is a complex issue that combines cultural preservation, economic progress, and social justice for the country's enormous tribal population. Tribal communities, which make up over 104 million people (8.6% of the total population), are an essential element of India's cultural and historical environment. This blog digs at the various aspects of Tribal Empowerment, the challenges that these communities confront, and government initiatives to help them grow.

Who We Are?

From the bottom of our hearts, we extend a warm welcome to you into the Paras Parivaar Charitable Trust family. In our Sanatan Dharm, this Parivaar was founded and is now being maintained by our Mahant Shri Paras Bhai Ji of Sanatan Dharm to contribute to the welfare of the underprivileged and needy people. Because he consistently states, "happiness of maa is behind their smile." This idea of Mahant Shri Paras Bhai Ji has become the focus of our family's daily activities.

The Paras Parivaar Charitable Trust works 365 days a year to lug our Paras Guru's vision forward. We have helped more than 10 lakh Needy, and thanks to Maa and our Mahant Shri Paras Bhai Ji of Sanatan Dharm, this number is steadily rising. And it is the grandeur of Sanatan Dharm that we strive to assist those who cannot afford to pay for their education or who are food insecure.

Because we usually hear the quote "Unity is Strength" in everyday life, the Paras Parivaar Charitable Trust would like for you to join our family. We are certain that if we all work together as a single family, we will be stronger and more committed to helping more people in need. Serving an increasing number of individuals in need will enable us to carve out a large place in the heart of our Maa. So, join the Paras Parivaar now for the chance of a lifetime to make the poor and needy smile widely.

Working hard to boost the lives of the poor and needy would also help us reduce the rate of poverty and increase the rate of education in our nation. In addition to providing aid to those in need, our Mahant Shri Paras Bhai Ji wants to educate them so that they may become self-sufficient and contribute to the cause. join our Paras Parivaar Charitable Trust and aid those in need and destitute with what they need for food, shelter, and education.

Context of History

Tribal people in India have a long history and have contributed significantly to the country's freedom effort. Their various cultures, dialects, and traditions add to India's diversity. Historical movements such as the Khasi-Garo and Mizo movements highlight tribal groups' active participation in shaping the nation's history. The recognition of their achievements has resulted in initiatives such as the Janjatiya Gaurav Divas, which is commemorated each year on November 15 to honour the legacy of tribal freedom fighters like Bhagwan Birsa Munda.

Government Initiatives

Eklavya Model Residential Schools: Approximately 750 schools are being created to expand educational opportunities for tribal children with the aim of improving literacy rates and educational attainment.

Cultural Preservation: The establishment of Zonal Cultural Centres (ZCCs) and the promotion of tribal languages and arts are crucial for preserving tribal heritage. The government provides grants to support these initiatives, including the development of bilingual primers and tribal literature.

Economic Development: The Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN) was established with a budget of around ₹24,000 crore to promote the development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG). This program aims to improve lives, healthcare, and education in these areas.

Market Integration: Initiatives like the Aadi Mahotsav, a national tribal festival, aim to strengthen tribal craftsmen' marketing abilities and promote their products, resulting in increased income and economic participation in the mainstream market.

The Difficulties Tribal Communities Face

Despite these initiatives, tribal communities continue to face significant challenges:

Land Rights: Development projects, mining, and urbanization have cost many indigenous tribes their traditional lands. Securing land rights is vital for their survival and cultural identity.

Healthcare Access: Tribal groups frequently live in rural places with limited access to healthcare services, resulting in greater infant mortality and Poor Health outcomes.

Disparities in Education: Although indigenous literacy rates have improved, they remain lower than the national average. Customized educational programs are required to meet the unique needs of tribal students.

Economic Marginalization: Tribals are frequently unable to reach marketplaces, which forces them to charge poor rates for their goods. Improving their marketing abilities and incorporating them into the larger economy is essential to raising their standard of living.

To summarize, tribal empowerment in India involves more than just economic development; it is about recognising and honoring tribal populations' unique cultural legacy while safeguarding their rights and involvement in the nation's advancement. The government's actions are a beginning in the right direction, but long-term efforts are required to solve the underlying issues that these communities face.

#parasparivaar #daily devotional #tribal #needypeople #poorpeople #educationhelp #tribalcommunities #healthcare #charitabletrust #ngo

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newsorbiter · 1 year ago

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Interim Budget 2024-25, a beacon of hope for India's growth amid challenges

The Interim Budget 2024-25, presented by Union Finance and Corporate Affairs Minister Nirmala Sitharaman seeks to inject the economy with policies and measures aimed at reigniting positive sentiments and accelerating growth. Can this budget be the catalyst for achieving these growth targets? Let’s delve into its key highlights. Under the guiding principles of ‘Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, and Sabka Vishwas’ and the inclusive approach of “Sabka Prayas,” the Finance Minister presented the Interim Union Budget 2024-25 in Parliament. The budget focuses on social justice, particularly uplifting four major segments: the poor (‘Garib’), women (‘Mahilayen’), youth (‘Yuva’), and farmers (‘Annadata’). Key Initiatives: Poverty Alleviation: The budget emphasises 'Garib Kalyan, Desh ka Kalyan,' claiming to have lifted 25 crore people out of multi-dimensional poverty in the last decade. Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) of Rs 34 lakh crore through PM-Jan Dhan accounts has resulted in government savings of Rs 2.7 lakh crore. The PM-SVANidhi scheme provided credit assistance to 78 lakh street vendors, with 2.3 lakh receiving credit for the third time. Tribal and Artisan Support: Schemes like PM-JANMAN Yojana aid the development of particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTG), while PM-Vishwakarma Yojana provides end-to-end support to artisans and craftspeople in 18 trades. Agricultural Initiatives: PM-KISAN SAMMAN Yojana provided financial assistance to 11.8 crore farmers, while PM Fasal Bima Yojana offers crop insurance to 4 crore farmers. The Electronic National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) integrated 1361 mandis, serving 1.8 crore farmers with a trading volume of Rs 3 lakh crore. Women Empowerment: The budget highlights 30 crore Mudra Yojana loans given to women entrepreneurs. Female enrollment in higher education has increased by 28%, with girls and women constituting 43% of enrollment in STEM courses, one of the highest rates globally. Over 70% of houses under PM Awas Yojana in rural areas have been allotted to women. Housing: Despite COVID challenges, the budget aims to achieve the target of three crore houses under PM Awas Yojana (Grameen) soon, with an additional two crore houses to be taken up in the next five years. Strategic Initiatives: Rooftop Solarisation and Free Electricity: A significant announcement is the provision of 300 units of free electricity per month through rooftop solarisation to one crore households, expected to save households Rs 15,000 to Rs 18,000 annually. Healthcare: The Ayushman Bharat scheme will be extended to all Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) workers, Anganwadi Workers, and Helpers, ensuring broader access to healthcare services. Agriculture and Food Processing: The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana has benefited 38 lakh farmers and generated 10 lakh employment opportunities. The Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises Yojana has assisted 2.4 lakh Self-Help Groups (SHGs) and 60,000 individuals with credit linkages, boosting the agricultural and food processing sectors. Research and Innovation: A corpus of Rs 1 lakh crore will be established with a fifty-year interest-free loan to catalyse growth, employment, and development through research and innovation. Infrastructure: An 11.1% increase in capital expenditure outlay for infrastructure development and employment generation, amounting to Rs 11,11,111 crore, is aimed at enhancing the country's infrastructure and creating employment opportunities. Railways: Under the PM Gati Shakti initiative, three major economic railway corridor programs will be implemented to improve logistics efficiency and reduce costs. Aviation Sector: The plan to double the number of airports to 149 and the order of over 1000 new aircraft signals significant growth in the aviation sector. Green Energy: Plans include setting up a coal gasification and liquefaction capacity of 100 MT by 2030 and a phased mandatory blending of compressed biogas (CBG) in compressed natural gas (CNG) for transport and piped natural gas (PNG) for domestic purposes. Tourism Sector: States will be encouraged to undertake comprehensive development of iconic tourist centers, with long-term interest-free loans provided for financing such development. Investments: The budget highlights significant Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows, totaling USD 596 billion during 2014-23, reflecting a positive outlook for investments in the country. Reforms in the States: To support milestone-linked reforms by state governments, a provision of Rs 75,000 crore as a fifty-year interest-free loan is proposed. The budget also focuses on tax rationalisation efforts, achievements in taxpayer services, and the economic journey since 2014. It sets the stage for a dynamic and inclusive growth trajectory, aiming to propel India towards greater prosperity and well-being for all its citizens. Read the full article

#FinanceMinister #NirmalaSitharaman #UnionInterimBudget2024

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pvtgofficial-blog · 6 years ago

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Mikhail Davis, a young entrepreneur, with charisma in his eyes and a spark to do, who has vision to bring a change in the way aspire to live a healthy life.

#young entrepreneur #Mikhail Davis #Founder Interview #Creating of PVTG #pure vibes

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classyfoxdestiny · 3 years ago

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Dindori: As district gets added to India’s Maoist map, what it means for State

Fitari is quiet. The kind of quiet that can only exists in a village in the middle of a Sal forest, its people from a tribe famously reclusive. A thin black tarred road snakes its way to the village, cutting through the Maikal hills, and two small rivulets. As a vehicle passes, the children scatter and the adults stop and stare. Most watch with surprise. The sound of an engine, or the voices of outsiders are still rare.

But there is now wariness in those eyes too. For uniformed visitors, both Maoists and the police, have become increasingly frequent. And for villages in Dindori, now on the country’s Maoist map, that can only mean trouble.

In July this year, the Union home ministry revised its list of districts affected by Left Wing Extremism across the country, bringing them down from 90 to 70. In every affected state, except one, the number of districts either stayed the same, or came down. The only addition, Madhya Pradesh’s Dindori.

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The list has also seen Chhattisgarh’s Mungeli district replacing Balod, which shares a border with Dindori, and the already declared Kabirdham district.

For security agencies, this is an admission that a decade long expansion project of the Maoists into these parts, first spotted in 2012, called the MMC (Maharashtra-Madhya Pradesh-Chhattisgarh confluence) zone requires focussed attention.

For 17-year-old Maha Singh Dhruv, the classification brings no solace, just a sense of dread, of the uncertainty and fear impending conflict bring.

“For the last year, I fear entering the forest thinking that if someday they (Maoists) meet me and ask for help, what will I do? I will have to help them because they carry weapons and if I do, the police will ask a hundred questions,” Dhruv said.

Dhruv is a Baiga, who form more than 80% of the population in Fitari, which has a population of 500 voters. The tribe, famously reclusive, are one of the 75 notified Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG) in the country, and one of the seven notified in Madhya Pradesh.

The government defines PVTG’s as “tribal communities who have declining or stagnant population, low level of literacy, pre-agricultural level of technology and are economically backward”.

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Dhruv lost his father very young, and lives in small one room hut with his mother. He went to school in the village itself, but dropped out when his father died. Like with everyone else in the village, there is no income, only subsistence. There is paddy that grows seasonally in two acres of land, and a small kitchen garden where there are long stalks of maize. The rest, the forest has always provided for. But now, with the peace beginning to break, Dhruv wants to leave. “I want to leave this place now. I need a job in Dindori town, 80 kilometres away,” Dhruv said.

The mechanics of identification

The police focus is on three police station areas in Dindori district, Samnapur, Bajag and Karanjiya. The village has electricity but no mobile towers, and to make a phone call, the few who have phones climb up to specific areas atop hills where the signal bar on the handset flickers on.

Senior police officials told HT that earlier this year, they were given inputs of a team of Maoists attempting to speak to villagers in Fitari. Silence is perhaps the best escape and Dhule Baiga has an answer everyone else does too. “I know nothing,” he says.

Sanjay Singh, superintendent of police, Dindori, said the movement and interaction that the police have noticed in the area, have been in and around 65 villages, mostly in “Baiga Chak”.

In 1890, the then colonial government had notified “Baiga Chak” as an area that the Baigas lived in, where they would practice shifting agriculture, locally called “Bewar”. The residents would burn patches of forests and then sow seeds with the government instead training them to practice “settled farming”. At the time, the Baiga Chak had seven villages, but the term is now commonly used to refer to 52 villages, both in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.

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But even if villagers are afraid to talk of the increase presence of Maoists, the police argue that there are clear indications of a growing presence. In 2018, four kilometres away from Fetari, in the biggest local market in Dhurkuta, where everything from an umbrella to spices is sold, a driver spotted a group of 28 armed cadres crossing the forests. “I remember it was a chilly morning and I was returning from a marriage in Dhurkuta. I counted them. Initially , I thought they were police personnel but later because they were very cautious, I realised that they are Maoists,” said the driver, tracked down by HT, who lives in Chhattisgarh’s Kabhirdham, bordering Dindori.

Acting on this information, the police had at the time, sent teams to the village and found telltale footprints at the spot the driver had mentioned. “I tried to ask the villagers but most said nothing. Only one elderly Baiga told me that he saw those people twice walking outside the village,” a local police officer said.

Officers of the Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh Police, who have interrogated surrendered cadres that worked in the MMC zone in the last three years believe that the Maoists are developing a new ‘base area’ in the dense Amarkantak forests. Amarkantak is where the Vindhya, Maikal and Satpura ranges converge in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.

In 2012, the Central Committee of the CPI (Maoist) decided to form this new zone, apart from the one already operational in Bastar called the Dandakaranya Special Zonal Committee (DKSZC). Documents accessed by the police show that by 2017, the work of “social investigation” was completed by “vistar platoons” covering more than 500 villages in the area. This survey included analysis of demography, target population, economic status, employment, and socio-economic problems of the area along with the identification of safe routes for the movement of armed cadres. The aim is to create another “Abhujhmaad”, which is a 4000 square kilometre area in south Bastar, unmapped by the government, and known to be the area where members of the Central Committee of the CPI(Maoist) live and operate from.

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In their conversations, surrendered cadres have told police that the Maoists have surveyed the forests to map water bodies, high vantage points to watch the movement of troops and police stations in a bid to create a safe zone. The team responsible for developing this passage and base area is headed by Maoist commander Rakesh Ode, originally from Gadchiroli, who heads a team of 22 armed cadres. Rakesh heads three Area Committees of CPI (Maoist) – Bhoramdeo, Bodla and Khatiamocha and reports to Kabeer who heads the Kanha Bhoramdeo (KB) division of the MMC zone. Police records show that there are a total of 85 armed cadres operating in the area, of which 34 are women.

The beginning of a vicious cycle?

The increase in the Maoist presence is also throwing up a familiar, hotly contested argument, one that has caused much strife in areas such as Bastar. The Dindori police plan to set up four new police camps in the area, at Chauradadar, Padaripani, Chada and Gaurakanhari, all in Baiga Chak. In Dhurkuta, this plan worries Arjun Singh Dhruv, president of the Baiga Nritak Dal and a retired teacher. “I don’t know about Maoists and their presence in this area, but one thing is concerning for us – our freedom. When the forces will be deployed, we will be caged,” Dhruv said.

Dhruv said that Baiga culture has very little crime, close to no theft, so much so that there are very few homes that even own a lock. “The nearest police station, Bajag is 28 km from this village but when the police from outside (referring to paramilitary personnel) come to this area they definitely intrude into our daily lives, and can harass us,” he said.

Dr Vijay Chaurasia, a homeopathy doctor based in Baiga Chak, and author of the book “Prakriti Putra Baiga” shares similar concerns and said that it took him close to a decade to win the confidence of the Baigas. “If the Maoists are talking to Baigas and trying to enter this peaceful community, they are actually harming them. But the government decision to deploy forces in this area makes this tribe venerable. This is bad move,” he said.

But Ved Ram Hanote, Station House Officer of the Bajag police station has already spotted signs of a shift in stance and vocabulary in some sections of the population. “We have information that some people, possibly Maoists, are entering remote villages of Baiga Chak and encouraging the residents to encroach forest land for cultivation. To me it seems that the language of Baigas has changed, they have a new vocabulary where some are talking about rights and laws. Rights and laws are not bad in themselves, just that the change in words tells me that a new influence has seeped in,” Hanote said.

Although there has been no recorded Maoist violence in Dindori, the district police believe that the villages inside the forest of Dindori are now a “safe area” for Maoists. In March 2021, a massive anti-Maoist operation was launched by the Mandla police where, under fire, the Maoists escaped towards Dindori and settled there for about a week. “They travel along a river called Kharmer, which borders two states every time they feel pressure in Chhattisgarh or Mandla,” said the Dindori SP, adding that the state government had been trying to include Dindori in MHA’s list for last two years.

He said that he hoped that the Baigas being reclusive would stem the spread of Maoist influence, but hidden in that, is a double edged sword. “They rarely entertain outsiders and therefore the chances of widespread Maoist influence is less. But if the Maoists do manage this, then it would be really difficult for us because they rarely say anything to the police,” said Singh.

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The district plans to deploy all Baiga policemen in these areas, who will aid the paramilitary in their operations, and attempt to “keep a check on them”. The plan is to deploy 400 central forces, but augment them with 550 district police personnel. “We have started training officers to prevent any harassment in the region. The behaviour of police must change while working in these tribal dominated areas; otherwise the Maoists could take advantage and we will lose the trust of the community,” said the SP.

However, within the state apparatus, there is no unanimity on what is clearly a complicated question. Intelligence officials HT has spoken to said that the large number of deployments themselves may be what the Maoists want the state to do. “I think that the Maoists want such a deployment of police forces because this will make tribes feel threatened and in turn, they create ideological space for themselves. What is need of such a huge deployment? These villages are merely a passage of Maoists towards Amarkantak. Baigas don’t like uniformed people and hence it could be dangerous,” an officer posted in the region said.

The Chhattisgarh dimension

In Chhattisgarh’s neighbouring Mungeli district, also newly added to the list of Maoist districts by the MHA, around 50 villages of the Khudiya post in Lormi, are being watched closely by the state. Police functionaries said that all of these are Baiga dominated villages and more than ten “interactions” have been recorded in the past year. Remote and sparsely populated, these villages get cut off in the monsoon.

“My brother lives in Aurapani and guards a small rest house there. He told me that about a year ago , four people in black uniforms came and asked him several questions about and topography. They enter our village from Ajgar Pahad in Mungeli,” said Chamran Singh Baiga, who once lived in Aurapanu, but has since moved to Mahuamacha village.

A senior police officer, posted in Chhattisgarh’s capital of Raipur said Mungeli has developed into an area of strategic importance for the MMC zone. “We have included the district in our list Khudiya outpost is the entrance point of their base area –the Amarkantak forests. If they get support or recruitment from the villages alongside, it will be very difficult to contain them in next few years,” said the officer.

Chhattisgarh DGP DM Awasthi said the state wanted to be careful with its planning and deployment and not exacerbate a sensitive situation. “In 2018, Kabirdham was added in MHAs list and now we have decided to add Mungeli. The reason is simple, Maoists are expanding MMC zone towards Amarakant and it is important to check them. We are still thinking about deployment and based on intelligence inputs decisions will be taken,” Awasthi said.

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inkariasacademyworld · 5 years ago

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Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups In Andaman And Nicobar

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)

PVTG (earlier Primitive Tribal Groups) was the category with in Scheduled Tribes created on recommendation of Dhebar commission.

Presently there are 75 tribal groups categorized by Ministry of Home Affairs as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG)s.

PVTGs reside in 18 States and UT of A&N Islands.

6.1. More on news

Due to security reasons, certain areas have been declared as Protected Area/Restricted Areas where no foreigner can enter or stay without obtaining permit from the competent authorities.

Under the Foreigners (Restricted) Areas Order, 1963, parts of Sikkim and entire Andaman & Nicobar Islands have been declared as `Restricted’ Areas.

Under the Foreigners (Protected Areas) Order, 1958, all areas falling between the ‘Inner line’ and the International Border of the State have been declared as ‘Protected Areas’.

Currently Protected Areas are located in- all of Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim, parts of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Rajasthan and Uttarakhand.

The North Sentinel island is one of 29 islands for which government had relaxed the RAP in order to promote tourism and boost employment opportunities.

Tribes of Andaman & Nicobar

There are 6 aboriginal tribes in Andaman & Nicobar islands belonging to two broad groups of Negrito and Mongoloid. Except Nicobarese (Mongoloid), the rest 5 are recognizes as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) i.e. Sentinelese (Negrito), Great Andamanese (Negrito), Ongs (Negrito), Jarawas (Negrito) and Shom Pens (Mongoloid).

Sentinelese: They the only remaining tribe in the Andamans to still maintain their isolation from the rest of the world and live like hunter gatherers.

They are connected to the Jarawa on the basis of physical, as well as linguistic similarities.

Both Sentinelese men and women do not wear cloths.

Great Andamanese: The great Andamanese is a collective term used for 10 different tribes that lived in most of the large islands in the Andaman.

They are also known for their brave History where they fought with bows and arrows with the English men who tried to occupy their land (The Battle of Aberdeen).

Today most tribes are extinct and their cultural and linguistic identities largely been lost. (e.g. their members now speak mostly Hindi).

Jarawa: Jarawas continue to be hunting and gathering nomadic tribe and are often hostile to outsiders. o Men fish with bows and arrows in the coastal waters while women catch fish with basket.

Onge: They are hunting and gathering tribe settled at Dugong Creek and South Bay on Little Andaman Island.

Shompen: The Shompens are primarily hunter-gatherers and also practise a little bit of horticulture and pig rearing.

Nicobarese: They are largest of tribes and are primarily horticulturalists.

6.2. Issues Being Faced By The Tribals

Issues with attempt to "civilise them": These tribes have faced social disintegration among them with cultural erosion in the wake of contacts.

Diseases: Some expeditions to establish contact with these tribes have led to spread contagious diseases among them.

Disasters: The islands inhabitated by these tribes are often faced with natural disasters such as the Tsunami of 2004. Also, global warming has been putting pressure on these areas.

Unsustainable and exploitative tourist influx in the region has led to serious problems for these tribes and for the region too. Outsiders coming mainly from Tamil Nadu and West Bengal have outnumbered these tribes.

Loss of food: Loss of forests, overfishing, etc. has diminished their food sources.

Suggestions

Protect Cultural Heritage: Extensive efforts must be made to ensure that their customs, languages, religious practises etc. are not lost as a result of outside influence. o The ANTRI (Andaman and Nicobar Tribal Research and Training Institute) has been set up with an objective of formulation of policies for tribal integration and protection of PVTGs

Prevent Forced contact: It is important that security apparatus is stepped up and the region is properly policed and protected from any outsiders—fishermen, tourists or evangelicals. o The A&N (Protection of Aboriginal Tribes) Regulation, 1956 provides protection to the aboriginal tribes by declaring their traditional areas as reserves and prohibited entry of all persons except those with authorisation.

With regard to Sentinelese tribes, the A&N Administration has adopted an ‘eyes-on and hands-off’ policy to ensure that no poachers enter into the island.

Provide Basic Social Services: Health Services, Basic education, etc. must be provided to the tribes that are being assimilated in the mainstream. Specific issues like natural disasters, endemic diseases such as anaemia, etc. must also be attended to.

The Ministry of Tribal Affairs is implementing the “Development of PVTGs” scheme which covers the 75 identified PVTGs among Scheduled Tribes in various states/UTs.

Promote sustainable Economic activities:

Development of cottage industries, plantations crops (e.g. coconut), fishing, animal husbandry etc. are some viable economic options given the fact that there is not much scope for agriculture.

Sustainable tourism activities like adventure sports, deep sea diving, etc can be promoted without putting the tribes at danger form outsider contact.

Tackling ecological Issues such afforestation, coral bleaching, sewage discharge,etc should also be of high priority.

#Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups In Andaman And Nicobar #indiansociety #currentaffairs #chennai #annanagar #upsccoaching #iasacademy #INKARIASACADEMY

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