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aboveputtingintoaterm · 6 years

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Breathing to live or to die

The ecological distress has challenged the functionings of the environment. The process of breathing was made to circulate the oxygen in the body, thereby eliminating carbon dioxide which allowed the blood to reach the capillaries surroundings alveoli. But, what reaching now are the hazardous gases infused with life casting agents.

But is it really oxygen we are breathing in? Are we even breathing in 50% concentration of the oxygen?

Though it is hard to find the exact percentages because of the unrevised technology in the country. The CPBCI has a disclaimer offering to make. According to the central pollution board control of India(CPBCI) the capital air doesn’t just has very high particulate matter level, but also contains hazardous air pollutants including mercury and formaldehyde. The board is also monitoring gases like sulphur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), formaldehyde (FOR), benzene (BEN), toluene (TOL), p-Xylene(pXy) and mercury (Hg), most of which are categorised as air toxics in the US and in Europe.

What made situation so worse?

Vehicular emissions

Vehicular emissions tops the chart for Delhi air pollution. Delhi streets experience the movement of about a crore vehicle regularly. The emissions of which are the Gases which leads to deaths and various life claiming diseases. The congestion or the high traffic rates contributes brutally.

Government regulation

Earlier the Delhi government came up with the odd even regulation which insisted the use of an odd number plate car on the odd days and even on the even days. This regulation does not posses the capability of controlling the pollution level for a long run.

The centre has also banned the use of diesel vehicles which have been on the streets for more than 10 years. The count for the petrol is 15 years.

Though it is a delayed regulation but impacts significantly.

Crop burning

The farmers of the states joining the capital border i.e. Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh possess the trait of burning the rice stubbles which in turn contribute immensely to the booming pollution. They burn about 35 million tonnes of crop. The wind then spreads the polluting agents to the neighbouring states.

Government regulation

Haryana government launched a massive campaign to aware the farmers about the ills effects of burning the crop. In response to which the farmers presents there bid as a failing effort by the Government as they were unable to conquer the aspect of decomposing paddy straw in a short interval of rabi and kharif crops.

Over population

The 2018 recent survey of the times of India had regarded Delhi as the migrant capital of the country with a share increase of 33% in the year 2016. Stressing over the point that about half of the population of the capital resides in unauthorised colonies and slums . This includes bad drainage system, open defection, unclean surroundings, etc . Thus, contributing to the escalating pollution level.

The pollution increase has also coined a term called pollution migrants. These are the people who has migrated from Delhi because of the unforgivable pollution Level.

Government regulation

Constitution of India empowers wilfully living and earning in every part of the country to its citizen ,j&k being an exception. So there is hardly any take of the government in regulating the mass mobilisation. The combination of structured and rigid spendings and overpopulation is contributing against the availability of the required resources.

Industrial residue

The rising economies of scale has been an enduring factor for the country. Courtesy to the industrial players. But this national pride switches to national threat when these industries contributes to the rising pollution level. This is done primarily with the emission of toxics in the environment

Government regulation

Protection of the environment and sustainable use of resources is Pitched high in the Indian constitution. The constitution advises citizens to protect and nurture the natural environment including forest, wildlife etc. Many legal charges are also been marked in case of serious violation.

Impact

The transformation of the capital in a gas chamber is bearing some hefty prices from the dwellers.

To your amaze, the excruciating Delhi pollution is in its full knack to shorten our life spam by huge ten years.

Whereas if the country meets the WHO standards the average life expectancy could rise about 4.3 years; from 69 to 73 years.

The toll for breathing in the capital is cardiovascular and respiratory illness. The pollutants in the air obstacles the heart functioning. Thereby putting pressure and making it weak, respiratory cells can also be damaged by the same.

The life stacking air impurities Fastens the ageing of lungs.

The pollution in its full fury sadistically impacts the people with asthma, bronchitis, emphysema and cancer. Others, can also develop these diseases with constant exposure to the pollution.

It affects the health of a pregnant women and leads to cognitive disorders for the babies.

Precautions!

Avoid morning walks as no point in absorbing toxic air.

Drink plenty of water to flush out the toxics from the body.

Try to use N95/99 masks whenever you step out.

Usage of air purifier is ideal.

The ranging fury of the pollution has put the country and its citizens into some serious allegations on the world platform. Everybody has contributed equally to pollution to flourish from littering garbage to polluting rivers. Therefore In return everybody should contribute in normalising the air pollution scam.

And, also, In lieu of the prevailing circumstances The government has to back its Strategies for ranging pollution level which is casting the life of its citizen. What could be more shameful for a country for 9 out of ten Indian states are in the list of worlds most polluted cities .

The current situation made me wonder – how about adding ‘the clean air’ quotient in psychological need of the maslow need hierarchy theory? He would have if he was alive , I guess.

#writers on tumblr #environment #pollution #new delhi #save the earth #delhi pollution #precaution #feminism #air #aboveputtingintoaterm

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crystalblueseo · 2 years

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How to Increase Milk Production in Cows Naturally?

Water is the most important, yet often overlooked, part of a healthy diet for a dairy cow. Water constitutes upto 87% of the milk secreted by cows. Therefore, it goes without saying that good quality water ensures maximum milk production and herd health. Water is an essential component that is required in large quantities by livestock. 80% of the water requirement of a dairy cow is met by drinking water. Inadequate water or poor quality water adversely affects animal growth and milk production.

The ‘Moo’st important nutrient Various studies and researches link water quality with livestock health and performance. Insufficient water or water of poor quality limits the milk production and growth of the cows. It can also impact their immunity and cause health problems. Pure water promotes normal rumen function, high feed intake, digestion and nutrient absorption. Water also maintains blood volume and supplies tissue needs.

Poor Quality Water can be a very Cowstly affair! Groundwater and water supplied through pipes are often contaminated with chemicals and are laced with impurities. The source for the addition of these chemicals is partly due to the mixing of disinfectants, and mainly due to the contamination of water due to effluents and pollutants.

Cows allowed to drink from surface water sources such as ponds, lakes or rivers are potentially at risk from bacterial infections or poisoning due to pesticides contamination.

Acidic water (pH of less than 5.1) can result in problems related to acidosis and result in reduced milk yield. It increases the chances of infectious and metabolic diseases in the cows. Alkaline water (pH greater than 9.0) on the other hand results in problems related to alkalosis and results in deficiencies in the cows. It also contributes to reduced milk productivity.

Additionally, drinking water with a very high percentage of dissolved salts and contaminate concentration adversely affects the health of the cows. It can cause various diseases. Also, such contaminated water can impart an off-putting smell and taste which results in reduced water intake by the cows. This can drastically reduce the milk yield.

Crystal Blue for a Better Dairy Crystal Blue Structured Water Units, when used in your dairy farm, can make a world of difference. Structured water is soft, energized, with original detached molecular structure, balanced pH, less surface tension, neutralized toxins and is free of memory. When used as a nutrient source for animals, Structured Water results in many positive responses including increased growth and productivity. The milk from cows drinking Structured Water has significantly greater fat, lactose and total energy.

The use of Structured Water saves the input costs and more importantly, saves water. It improves the feed efficiency of the cows. Structured Water increases the bio-availability of nutrients and boosts the immunity of the cows. Structured Water promotes an increase in quality & quantity of the milk output. Structured Water is the best solution to increase the milk production in cows naturally. To know more: https://www.crystalblueindia.com/blog/how-to-increase-milk-production-in-cows-naturally/

#Structured Water Units

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supperellaine · 3 years

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SUSD0001 Week 1 Journal 02 Green—Space to New York Central Park

20 February 2022

First of all, compact and dense cities are neither necessary nor sufficient conditions for sustainable urban development, so it is counterproductive to achieve the goal of sustainable urban development through urban form strategies alone.

A city is made up of many separate parts, such as the various buildings, roads, parks, wildlife, natural landscapes, the people who live there, and so on. So there is a correlation between urban form and the impact of cities on the environment. So people are not only aiming to build more high-density residential clusters and office buildings, but also to focus on the environmental and ecological development of a city, and governments are increasingly focusing on the percentage of green space and green areas in cities. And green open space not only has recreational use but also serves as a natural ecological purpose of the city, absorbing carbon dioxide and other pollutants.

New York City's Central Park is one of the greatest examples of sustainable development. Green spaces are not only a popular aesthetic form that changes the rhythm of concrete and skyscrapers in urban areas, but they also offer real value in terms of sustainability. Not only do they improve air quality, increase the oxygen content of the air and reduce carbon dioxide, they also replenish groundwater supplies, lower temperatures and protect rivers and lakes from runoff pollution. On the other hand, it prevents soil erosion and helps maintain the water quality of the area.

Secondly ，the concept of green space refers to trees, grasses and other types of vegetation located mainly in the urban environment. The urban greening policy has an important role to play in community building, improving the quality of life of residents and sustainable urban development. This policy contributes to community effectiveness and financial strength and reduces the negative impacts of urban development, such as reducing surface runoff and the urban heat island effect, while a reduction in residential density also reduces energy consumption or greenhouse gas emissions due to travel behaviour.

The photos of ins shocked me and I learned about the distribution in New York.

In terms of environmental issues, Central Park consists of huge green spaces, water bodies, more than 20,000 trees, 30 tennis courts, 21 sports fields and 26 courts. Thus, Central Park's green space is not only a park, but also a complex of various activities for all ages, addressing to a certain extent the problems of congestion and population growth in New York. Economically, Central Park is a huge draw for visitors from New York and elsewhere, often hosting events such as marathons and concerts to increase its impact.

The related statistics show that the number of volunteers, the number of donations, and the number of visitors to Central Park in New York are all tied to the sustainability of the present and future. Central Park offers a variety of volunteer opportunities and tasks to attract anyone who wants to help. Volunteers are tasked with helping citizens protect, nurture and advocate for the park. Help spread biodiversity through planting projects, educate others by guiding people into the park, clean up trash and sort recyclable waste.

By --ziyi wang

Resource

Central Park, New York :The ... - Rethinking The Future. https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/city-and-architecture/a2915-the-sustainable-and-cultural-significance-of-central-park-on-new-york/

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wineschool-blog · 3 years

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Beaujolais

https://j.mp/2UwOBhl Beaujolais is a convivial region of Burgundy with a refocused attention to style. It is a place where light-hearted wines and creativity are allowed to thrive. Although nouveau is a popular and lively tradition, the region continues to prove it can produce much more than a harvest revelry and has worked diligently, innovatively, and eagerly engaged in legal disputes to protect its reputation. Table of contentsWhy Beaujolais MattersThe GrapesBurgundy?History of BeaujolaisPinot Noir ClimateBeaujolais NouveauEnd of an EraBeaujolais ClassificationsThree Categories of BeaujolaisTen Crus of Beaujolais Cru ClimateAOC VillagesCote de BrouillyMorgonCote du PyWinemaking StylesCarbonic MacerationBiodynamic Farming Why Beaujolais Matters Celebrated winemakers and negociants produce quality vintages with a price tag unparalleled for the same level of quality in the rest of Burgundy. In addition, this region has a long history of independent thought and a collective passion for agricultural sustainability. The Grapes Although outlawed by the Dukes of Burgundy for a hundred years, Gamay Noir stubbornly remained the varietal of choice. Grown over a graphite-influenced geological landscape, this hearty grape prevailed over conditions unsuited for the more delicate Pinot Noir varietal favored in the rest of the region. This thriving grape has become the overwhelming choice, with only Chardonnay being produced otherwise and in tiny quantities. So Gamay found a home to produce stronger vines that contrived quality and cultivated unique expressions amongst each appellation. Burgundy? Although administratively and politically a part of Burgundy, Beaujolais has a decidedly different approach to wine and is generally set apart from the rest of the district. Beaujolais is a compelling domain that simultaneously identifies itself as an independent entity while also recognizing its Burgundian designation’s economic importance. Burgundy and Beaujolais History of Beaujolais The panoramic vineyards along the Saone River have cultivated grapes since the days of ancient Rome. Still, arguably the beginning of modern winemaking in Beaujolais began in 1395 when Duke of Burgundy Phillippe the Bold outlawed Gamay Noir. Pinot Noir At that time, the French upper class believed that Pinot Noir was the superior varietal and that the region’s reputation was put at risk by allowing them more prolific Gamay to grow in the region. As a result, the regulation remained unenforced in the more distant and independent Beaujolais, where farmers propagated the varietal. Climate The semi-continental climate with Mediterranean influences and granite prolific soil proved the winning combination for Gamay wine with supple fruit, refreshing acidity, and excellent structure. By the 15th Century, Gamay was once again legally permitted to cultivate. Beaujolais Nouveau Most of the wine was consumed locally until the 19th Century, when railroads allowed Beaujolais’s popularity to spread. It was during this time that the concept of Nouveau and the celebration it entailed came into play. These quick fermenting wines took a mere two months from harvest to bottle. The release turned from a national celebration into a worldwide frenzy under master businessman Georges Duboeuf. End of an Era Unfortunately, by the mid-1980s, the craze had faded. By the early 1990s, France was left with over 1.1 million cases of unwanted Nouveau to discard. In addition, it became difficult to sell any bottle of Beaujolais as the public associated the region with inexpensive, deficient wine that lacked the ability to age. With the sharp decline in demand, illegal chaptalization, and doctored wine scandals, Beaujolais’s plummeting prices left many vineyards in or near bankruptcy. However, with standout vintages such as ’05, 12’ and 14’ meaningful, Beaujolais is once again beginning to resurface. Beaujolais Classifications Three Categories of Beaujolais By law, Beaujolais is divided into three categories of quality, Beaujolais, Beaujolais-Villages and Beaujolais Cru. The entire region has approximately 42,000 acres (17,000 hectares) under vine. To the west is the Monts de Beaujolais, and the Saone River valley borders the east. Ten Crus of Beaujolais The ten crus of Beaujolais produce serious Gamay with gentle tannins, juicy and expressive fruit with a light to medium body that at times shows an intense minerality and charming notes of spice. Investors, new talent, and reinvigorated winemakers are beginning to remind the world what Beaujolais is capable of. Cru Climate The climate is continental with slight Mediterranean influences from the south. The summers are hot and dry, and the winters are cold. However, one region is geographically dividing from north to south. The northern (Haut) region contains desirable granite soils that house all of the Beaujolais Cru. The southern (Bas) region is flat and composed primarily of clay and sedimentary rock. The most basic versions (including Nouveau) are grown here. In other regions of France, ‘cru’ indicates a particular vineyard, but in Beaujolais, ‘cru’ refers to the ten distinguished villages providing first-rate wines, all located on granite hills in the northern (Haut) region. The steep granite-based soils produce denser, richer, and more expressive Gamay with the ability to age. AOC Villages These wines will be labeled under their own AOC’s, so it is worth becoming familiar with their names and styles to know what to buy. The ten Beaujolais crus are; Brouilly, Chenas, Chiroubles, Cote de Brouilly, Fleurie, Julienas, Morgon, Moulin-a-Vent, Regnie and St. Armour. Two crus that stand out, in particular, are Cote de Brouilly and Morgon. Cote de Brouilly The vineyards of Cote de Brouilly cover the slopes of the ancient dormant Mont Brouilly volcano located in the heart of Beaujolais and are surrounded by the much larger Brouilly appellation. Although covering one of the smallest areas, just 751 acres (304 ha), the simultaneously meaty and elegant wines of Cote de Brouilly pack a big flavorful punch with an aging potential of four to six years. Brouilly is named for ancient Roman lieutenant Brulius, the first to plant vines over 2,000 years ago. Mythology According to local French mythology, the giant Garangtua has deepened the Saone river by removing rocks from the river bed and stacking them to form Mont Brouilly (there is also a version that describes him accidentally dropping the stones and not deliberating placing them there). The top of Mont Brouilly is considered an important spiritual place for growers from all parts of the region. Notre Dame du Raisin After devastating hail, mildew, frost, and on top of that, the phylloxera epidemic, Notre Dame du Raisin was built to protect the vineyards from future disasters. On September 8th, the locals make an annual pilgrimage to the church to pray against crop damage. The alter is inscribed ‘A Marie protectrice du Beaujolais.’ The majority of the vineyards are located on the higher south end of Mont Brouilly and face east. Terroir This location lends the protection of the vines from winds, places them on the steepest slopes, and gives the vines the advantage of early morning sunlight. The geographical fingerprint is distinguished by the presence of ancient volcanic activity, in particular, the blue freckled stone diorite. The soils are made up of diorite, granite, and schist with a bit of clay. This soil is so well-drained, which leads to the lack of water and nutrients optimal for growing vigorous vines that, while lessening the yield, produce Gamay grapes with a higher flavor concentration. Grapes Although appellation laws allow for a small percentage of Chardonnay, Aligote, and Melon de Bourgogne to be added to wines labeled Cote de Brouilly, Gamay dominates, making up 99% of all vineyards. Gamay from this region is regarded as the most intense of Beaujolais. Tasting Notes Cote de Brouilly can be described as bright crimson to deep purple with a medium to medium-plus body, lively iris, and fresh fruit aroma. A little cellaring adds to their elegance bringing forth more serious structure, minerality, and touches of spice. Standout producers include: Chateau Thivin, Domaine Jean-Claude Lapalu, Domaine de la Voute des Crozes, Domain des Terres Dorees and Potel Aviron. Morgon Situated on the south and southwest facing Beaujolais hills to the west of the Saone River is Morgon, the second-largest cru in the region at 2,745 acres (1,111 ha). The region comprises distinctive and vine challenging soil, including decomposing schist and granite with Paleolithic volcanic influence. Terroir Pockets of heavy clay, sandy loams, and rich iron oxide with traces of manganese deposits contribute to a depth and aging capability so distinctive; it has been given its own verbiage “il Morganne.” The region is protected from the cold northern winds by the rolling hills to the west and benefits from the warm, arid winds of the east that aid in drying the soils after rain which helps protects the vines from various fungal diseases. Abundant sunshine moderated by the cooling Mediterranean influences develops the sugars and phenols while retaining acidity. Tasting Notes Morgon wine often features ripe fruit aromas, fleshy and rustic texture with spicy notes, and a firm mineral-laden backbone. Notable producers include Domaine de Terres Dorees, Chamonard, Domaine Marcel Lapierre, Georges Descombes, Jules Chauvet, Jean-Paul Thevenet and Guy Breton Cote du Py On the southern border of Morgon is the famous hill Cote du Py. This area is known to impart earthy complexity and powerful structure that develops and softens with age, a feature reminiscent of the more celebrated regions of Burgundy. An exceptional assemblage of producers with a passion for old viticulture practices yields Gamay much denser than the Beaujolais region. Winemaking Styles Carbonic Maceration Winemakers in Beaujolais use a style unique to the region, carbonic maceration or whole cluster fermentation. Whole grapes are placed into fermentation tanks where those on top crush the grapes on the bottom. The juices released start to ferment, and the sealed tank is filled with carbon dioxide. The CO2 permeates the skin of the fruit, which starts the fermentation process inside the uncrushed berries. This method produces wines with explosive fresh fruit, minimal tannins, and a whole lot of color. Beaujolais Nouveau winemakers add the cultured yeast 71B, sugars to pump up alcohol levels, and thermovinification to make vast quantities of cheap, artificial tasting wines for the popular November release. After the fall of Beaujolais Nouveau and the subsequent years of tormented sales and tarnished reputation, Biodynamic Farming Fabulous 2009 vintages nearly single-handedly rescued Beaujolais from the infamous ‘Gang of Four,’ including Lapierre, Thevenet, Foillard, and Brenton. These stalwarts for biodynamic farming faced the challenge of producing world-class wines and changing long-held dismissive opinions. Chaptalization and filtration practices are discarded as well. As a result, winemakers in the region are ‘green’ in many ways, focusing on protecting ecosystems and actively contending with soil erosion. Natural wine production concept. Fresh ripe bunch of grapes with metal corkscrew on the textured blue table. Creative image, top view Jules Chauvet These winemakers set higher standards, starting with old vines, late harvesting, and meticulous sorting practices inspired by Jules Chauvet, who many consider the father of the natural winemaking movement in France. Chauvet, a gifted winemaker, taster, and chemist, dedicated his life to natural winemaking. He contended that to make the best expression of wine, you must let nature take its course with little interference. Thus, synthetic herbicides and pesticides are never used, and there is little to no dosing of sulfur dioxide. Wine Courses L1 Online Wine Certification Core (L2/L3) wine Courses Advanced (L4) wine Programs Wine Region Articles Major Wine Regions Wine Regions of the World Italian Wine Regions Spanish Wine Regions Portuguese Wine Regions East Coast Wine Regions The Best East Coast Wineries Terroir of East Coast Wines Best Wineries Near Philadelphia International Wine Regions Austrian Wine REgions Israeli Wine Regions Beaujolais Turkish Wine Regions Swiss Wine Regions Texas Hill Country Vinho Verde The Story of Champagne By Keith Wallace https://j.mp/2UwOBhl

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solsarin · 3 years

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what percent of earth’s freshwater is surface water available for human use

Hello dear friends, thank you for choosing us. In this post on the solsarin site, we will talk about “ what percent of earth’s freshwater is surface water available for human use“. Stay with us. Thank you for your choice.

Distribution of the Earth’s water

Earth is known as the “Blue Planet” because 71 percent of the Earth’s surface is covered with water. Water also exists below land surface and as water vapor in the air. Water is a finite source. The bottled water that is consumed today might possibly be the same water that once trickled down the back of a wooly mammoth. The Earth is a closed system, meaning that very little matter, including water, ever leaves or enters the atmosphere; the water that was here billions of years ago is still here now. But, the Earth cleans and replenishes the water supply through the hydrologic cycle.

The earth has an abundance of water, but unfortunately, only a small percentage (about 0.3 percent), is even usable by humans. The other 99.7 percent is in the oceans, soils, icecaps, and floating in the atmosphere. Still, much of the 0.3 percent that is useable is unattainable. Most of the water used by humans comes from rivers. The visible bodies of water are referred to as surface water. The majority of fresh water is actually found underground as soil moisture and in aquifers. Groundwater can feed the streams, which is why a river can keep flowing even when there has been no precipitation. Humans can use both ground and surface water.

Distribution of the water on Earth

Ocean water: 97.2 percent

Glaciers and other ice: 2.15 percent

Groundwater,: 0.61 percent

Fresh water lakes: 0.009 percent

Inland seas: 0.008 percent

Soil Moisture: 0.005 percent

Atmosphere: 0.001 percent

Rivers: 0.0001 percent.

Surface water

Surface water is far easier to reach, so this becomes the most common source of potable water. About 321 billion gallons per day of surface water is used by humans.

Surface waters can…

Surface waters can be simply described as the water that is on the surface of the Earth. This includes the oceans, rivers and streams, lakes, and reservoirs. Surface waters are very important. They constitute approximately 80 percent of the water used on a daily basis.

In 1990, the United States alone used approximately 327,000 billion gallons of surface water a day. Surface waters make up the majority of the water used for public supply and irrigation.

It plays less of a role in mining and livestock industries. Oceans, which are the largest source of surface water, comprise approximately 97 percent of the Earth’s surface water. However, since the oceans have high salinity, the water is not useful as drinking water.

Efforts

The oceans also play a vital role in the hydrologic cycle, in regulating the global climate, and in providing habitats for thousands of marine species.

Rivers and streams

Rivers and streams constitute the flowing surface waters. The force of gravity naturally draws water from a higher altitude to a lower altitude.

Rivers obtain their water from two sources: groundwater, and runoff.

This is known as base flow to the stream. Runoff flows downhill, first as small creeks, then gradually merging with other creeks and streams, increasing in size until a river has formed. These small creeks, or tributaries, where the river begins are known as the headwaters. Springs from confined aquifers also can contribute to rivers.

The water cycle

The hydrologic cycle or water cycle is a graphic representation of how water is recycled through the environment. Water molecules remain constant, though they may change between solid, liquid, and gas forms. Drops of water in the ocean evaporate, which is the process of liquid water becoming water vapor.

Evaporation can occur from water surfaces, land surfaces, and snow fields into the air as water vapor. Moisture in the air can condensate, which is the process of water vapor in the air turning into liquid water. Water drops on the outside of a cold glass of water are condensed water.

Condensation is the opposite

Condensation is the opposite process of evaporation. Water vapor condenses on tiny particles of dust, smoke, and salt crystals to become part of a cloud. After a while, the water droplets combine with other droplets and fall to Earth in the form of precipitation (rain, snow, hail, sleet, dew, and frost).

Once the precipitation has fallen to Earth, it may go into an aquifer as groundwater or the drop may stay above ground as surface water. The hydrologic cycle is an important concept to understand.

Water

Water has so many uses on Earth, such as human and animal consumption, power production, and industrial and agricultural needs. Precipitation—in the form of rain and snow—also is an important thing to understand.

It is the main way that the water in the skies comes down to Earth, where it fills the lakes and rivers, recharges the underground aquifers, and provides drinks to plants and animals. Different amounts of precipitation fall on different areas of the Earth at different rates and at various times of the year.

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Glaciers and ice caps

Glaciers and icecaps are referred to as storehouses for fresh water. They cover 10 percent of the world’s land mass. These glaciers are primarily located in Greenland and Antarctica.

The glaciers in Greenland almost cover the entire land mass.

Glaciers begin forming because of snowfall accumulation.

When snowfall exceeds the rate of melting in a certain area, glaciers begin to form.

This melting occurs in the summer. The weight of snow accumulating compresses the snow to form ice. Because these glaciers are so heavy, they can slowly move their way down hills.

Groundwater

Ninety-eight percent of Earth’s available fresh water is groundwater. It is about 60 times as plentiful as the fresh water found in lakes and streams.

Water in the ground travels through pores in soil and rock, and in fractures and weathered areas of bedrock.

The permeability and porosity measurements in rock and/or soil can determine the amount of water that can flow through that particular medium. A “high” permeability and porosity value means that the water can travel quickly.

A river

A river reaches flood stage when the river overflows its banks. The flood stage can be determined by measuring the gage height, or simply the height of the water in the stream measured from the river’s bottom. The streamflow can increase exponentially as the gage height increases. Thus, a small increase in gage height may indicate that a river has reached its flood stage. Floods are a fairly common, yet dangerous, natural disaster.

flowing water

When flowing water travels to an area of land that is completely surrounded by higher land, a lake is formed. The water is not trapped in this low area, the water just escapes at a slower rate than the rate of incoming water.

Lakes can vary greatly in area, depth, and water type. Most lakes are fresh water, however some, such as the Great Salt Lake and the Dead Sea, are salt water.

Contrary to common belief, a reservoir is not the same as a lake. A reservoir is a manmade lake caused by a river being dammed.

The water in a reservoir is very slow moving compared to the river. Therefore, the majority of the sediments that the river was carrying settle to the bottom of the reservoir.

A reservoir will eventually fill up with sediment and mud and become unusable.

Fresh water

Fresh water (or freshwater) is any naturally occurring water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. Though the term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water, it does include non-salty mineral-rich waters such as chalybeate springs. Fresh water may include water in ice sheets, ice caps, glaciers, icebergs, bogs, ponds, lakes, rainfall, rivers, streams, and groundwater contained in underground aquifers.

resource: wikipedia

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wineschool-blog · 3 years

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Beaujolais

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petstutorial · 5 years

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Victor Classic-Hi-Pro Plus Dog Food Reviews (Dry) Introduction Your canine friend deserves a highly nourishing meal that will keep him healthy and energized all year round. With numerous varieties available in the market today, it can be overwhelming to get a dog meal that is not only wholesome but also good tasting. Victor food Brand pride in producing wholesome food for your dog. Their top-rated formulas are high in meat protein and also combine other carefully picked ingredients that contribute to the overall wellbeing of your canine. In this article, we dive into Victor’s best-selling recipe; Victor Hi-Pro Plus Formula Dry Dog Food. Best Selling Dry Dog Food On Amazon: [amazon bestseller="best dry dog food"] See also: [su_note note_color="#eff9de"] VICTOR Yukon River Dog Food Reviews Victor Active Dog & Puppy Food Reviews [/su_note] Manufacturer This product is manufactured and owned by Mid America Petfood. All victor products are produced on-site using state-of-the-art facilities. This ensures that the brand’s stringent measures on hygiene and standards are upheld. While the company was launched in 2007, Victor as the brand has been in existence since the 1940s Recall History There is no recall recorded for any of the Victor products. This is commendable and shows that the brand strives to keep its records clean Product overview [amazon box="B00CJLP4EA" grid="1"] Victor classic Hi-Pro Plus is a nutrient-dense formula made of super-quality beef, pork, chicken, and fish meals. It is ideal for dogs that need high levels of nutrients such as pregnant or lactating females as well as developing puppies. This recipe boasts of various scientifically proven ingredients that provide all the energy needed by your dog. Ingredients Several nutritious ingredients have been blended perfectly to meet the nutritional standards established by AFFCO. Let us have an in-depth analysis of the elements used to make this top-selling formula. Beef meal This is the first and primary meat source of this recipe. Meat meal is produced by cooking beef through the rendering process to get rid of excess moisture. The resultant product is a highly concentrated protein source. The beef meal also contains high levels of iron and zinc. Grain sorghum Sorghum is a gluten-free source of carbohydrate. This element is also rich in antioxidants, dietary fiber, iron, and zinc. Also, Sorghum regulates blood sugar in dogs and aids in weight control. Chicken fat This is the third ingredient in the list and has been preserved by a mixture of tocopherols. Chicken fat is a superb source of omega 3 fatty acid, which is essential for the optimum functionality of your dog. Pork meal This is a concentrated form of whole pork and is very rich in protein. This meat meal contains a significant amount of minerals such as thiamin and iron Chicken meal This is a meat meal that has its water concentration removed. The result is a condensed protein source that is highly nutritious. Chicken meal also contains high levels of vitamin B6 and significant levels of Niacin. Blood meal This is a controversial ingredient as it is with most animal byproducts such as viscera, bones, or trimmed fat. Many dog owners flaw the inclusion of such a byproduct in the dog’s food. Blood meal is actually safe for dogs, but lots of precautionary measures should be taken in its preparation. A correctly rendered blood meal is not only free of toxic bacteria, but it is also easily digestible. Menhaden meal Menhadens are small oily fish that are considered unfit for human consumption. However, their oil is incredibly rich in both omega 3 and 6 fatty acids. Unfortunately, the fat is removed, and the flesh rendered into fish meal. This makes menhaden meal an average quality fish source as it lacks the beneficial levels of omega fatty acids in comparison with other fish sources. Whole grain millet This is a cereal grain that contains carbohydrates and a significant plant-based protein. This is a controversial ingredient as many people see it as low-quality filler in dog food. Nevertheless, millet is an excellent source of phosphorus, iron, and B-vitamins. Phosphorous promotes healthy bones, while iron helps in blood formation. Flaxseeds This ingredient is popular among high-end pet foods. Flaxseeds boast of high levels of o, mega fatty acids, which promote glossier skin and sharper cognitive functions. Also, these elements contain high protein levels than any other plant-based ingredient. Besides, flaxseeds have lignans. These are antioxidants that boost your dog’s immune system and help fight inflammatory diseases. Dried Chicory Root This is used in dog food as an additive or supplement. It is also a source of soluble fiber to aid digestion and passage of stool. It can also act as a probiotic to promote digestion and expel intestinal worms. The quantity of Chicory Root used in most dog food is insignificant and does not contribute any critical nutrition. Alfalfa This is a flowering plant popular in livestock feed. Alfalfa is closely related to legumes and has a similar quantity of proteins as legumes. This means that it contributes significantly if the manufacturers use a sufficient amount. Alfalfa is probably best known for its wide range of vitamins and minerals, such as Vitamin C, Vitamin K, potassium, Calcium, and Beta Carotene. [su_button url="https://amzn.to/30TEWii" target="blank" style="default" background=" #fe8d2e" color="#ffffff" size="5" center="yes" radius="square" icon="icon: thumbs-up" rel="nofollow"]CHECK LAST PRICE[/su_button] Pros Suitable for dogs in all seasons of life High-quality meat ingredients No artificial additives or preservative No anonymous meat sources Provides satisfactory nutrition Cons Not ideal for dogs with grain allergies Change of ingredients have affected many dogs negatively Customers’ Reviews Many users were dissatisfied with the recent change of ingredients in this formula, which has resulted in many dogs getting sick. Nevertheless, a good percentage of customers are satisfied and still believes it’s the best formula for their dogs. This is what some had to say. “We ordered the Hi-Pro Plus because our breeder used it to feed our puppy before she arrived. She is doing well on it, and our in-the-know show dog expert says it is a staple in the show world.” – Fireflyfaster “My golden retriever puppy, Eli and my seven-year-old border collie, Bella love the Victor Select Hi-Pro Plus Formula. It was proving a challenge to feed them two different, age-specific foods, so this Victor formula was a great discovery.”- Puppymomma “My dog is a picky dog eater, and she grazes on throughout the day, well at least she did with Taste of the Wild. After finding out that my dog throwing up multiple times a day was because of the food, I switched to Victor immediately because it has no recalls, and other German Shorthaired Pointer owners rave about it. She loves this stuff and hasn’t thrown up since I switched! This is our second bag!”- Kimberly Harold-Lewis [su_button url="https://amzn.to/30TEWii" target="blank" style="default" background=" #fe8d2e" color="#ffffff" size="5" center="yes" radius="square" icon="icon: thumbs-up" rel="nofollow"]CHECK LAST PRICE[/su_button] Our verdict The fact that Victor Classic Hi-Pro gets most of its proteins from animal sources shows that it is an ideal food for your dog. Animal based proteins contain all the essential amino acids that your canine needs for optimal growth. In addition to the meat ingredients, this product contains a small number of grains, such as millet and Sorghum. While grains are not overly recommended in dog food, the ones included in this formula provide a modest quantity of carbohydrates that your dog needs. According to our analysis, this formula provides complete and balanced nutrition that dogs of all stages of life require. Victor is dedicated to manufacturing high-quality dog food, and the Hi-pro Plus is no exception. This food is free from gluten, wheat, soy, or corn, as well as artificial additives and colorings. We highly recommend this product for the growth and development of your four-legged friend. This post has appeared for the first time in https://petstutorial.com/victor-hi-pro-plus-dog-food/?feed_id=28&_unique_id=5e2623c7e5141 #pets_tuttorial #jane_brody #pet_blog #pet_training #pet_products_reviews #best_dog_products #best_cat_products

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globalbusinessstudio · 4 years

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Top 5 cities in Vietnam to do business

Vietnam was seen as a land of opportunity for local and foreign investors alike. You’re planning to start a business in Vietnam but don’t know how to pick the best place for your business? Look no further, here is the best answer Globalbusinessstudio have put together for “Top 5 cities in Vietnam to do business”!

Why is Vietnam so hot for business

There are reasons why doing Vietnam business becomes attractive to foreign entrepreneurs and investors. Thanks to economic reform and increasing affluence, Vietnam is one of the key emerging economies in Asia these days.

In the medium and long-term, it’s forecast that the country’s economy will continue to grow more than 6% each year. This progress is driven by a growing young and educated population and an expanding domestic market. What is more, Vietnam has the fastest-growing middle class in the entire Southeast Asia.

Asia’s newest ‘tiger’ economy is the new name for Vietnam, as the country’s economy is now following in the footsteps of South Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. For that reason, Vietnam has seen a dramatic increase in foreign direct investment (FDI) as many investors recognise the business opportunities in this thriving investment environment.

To help you with the first step, here’s the list of top 5 cities in Vietnam for you to open a vietnam business.

Saigon – One of the biggest cities in Vietnam

The capital of Vietnam is Hanoi however the nation’s largest city is Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon).

Ho Chi Minh City is praised as the economic hub of Vietnam with a total GDP of more than $48.2 billion in 2017 and a growth rate of 8.26%. For years, Ho Chi Minh City led Vietnam in terms of FDI attraction. Currently, the city has more than 7,300 FDI projects in operation with a total registered capital of more than $44 billion, accounting for more than 13% of total FDI inflow into Vietnam.

One of the strategic advantages of Ho Chi Minh City is its vast, modern infrastructure. Ho Chi Minh International Airport is Vietnam’s main airport and accommodates up to 17 million passengers a year. Saigon Port, which consists of a network of ports throughout the capital, is also Vietnam’s busiest port. Ho Chi Minh City has 11 industrial areas with a total area of more than 1,700 hectares and more than half of them have rentable land. Ho Chi Minh Hi-tech Park was established in 2002 and has been able to attract leading foreign companies including Intel, Samsung, substantially contributing to the city’s tax revenue.

Another advantage of Ho Chi Minh City is its ample catering of human capital for all sorts of investor needs, from professional staff to trained scholars and experts. In addition, the city houses more than 75 universities and colleges, and various research centers, think tanks, creating an inclusive network between research – development – and production, supplying local companies with the best human resources, technologies, and high-quality services. The vibrant vibe of the city, the can-do attitudes of its people and rising revenue all make Ho Chi Minh an enticing investment destination for investors worldwide.

Hanoi – The Capital city of Vietnam

As Vietnam’s capital, Hanoi’s charms date back to a millennium ago. His name in the past was “Thăng Long,” which means rising dragon; now his name Hanoi means the river inside the city. In the past, its name was “Thăng Long”, meaning rising dragon; Both names reflect the potentials and prosperity of the city. In 2017, Hanoi’s GRDP stood at $23.6 billion, up 8.5% compared to 2016. Regarding FDI inflows, Hanoi ranked fourth among cities and provinces in Vietnam with more than 4,489 projects in force and $27 billion in registered capital.

Firstly, it is the transport center for the northern cities and provinces of Vietnam, with Noi Bai International Airport–Vietnam’s second largest airport–and a extensive road network. The city government has spent extensively in the past several years to develop the city’s transit network with many major projects widening several inner-city highways, upgrading the train station, constructing numerous bridges, and tunnels.

Second, Hanoi is bestowed with generous investment incentives by the Vietnamese government. For example, Hoa Lac Hi-tech Park in Hanoi is the first Hi-tech Park in Vietnam to receive special mechanisms and incentive policies, allowing investors and companies investing in Hoa Lac Hi-tech Park to enjoy preferential tax rates and other support.

Da Nang – The Pearl of Vietnam cities

Lying at the very heart of Vietnam, Da Nang holds a very strategic location.The city is only hours away from big domestic and foreign markets such as Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh, China, India, etc. Located right on one of the international sea and air routes, Danang City has a particularly favorable geographical location for rapid and sustainable development.

Da Nang has 4 types of common roads: road, rail, sea and air. The main road system of Da Nang is 100% asphalt and concrete. Da Nang railway station is one of the major stations in Vietnam. From here, there are sea routes to most of Vietnam’s major ports and around the world.

Moreover, the system of water supply, electricity supply and communication (Da Nang is the place where the international sea-going cable station in Vietnam) of Da Nang thrives and is increasingly modernized, ranked 3rd in the country after Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City only.

What’s more, Danang is also voted as the most livable city in the country. The city is endowed with 70 km of breathtaking coastal line and stunning white sand where people can relax and enjoy the nature. Life in Danang is very peaceful and calm, which is very different from other hustling and bustling developing cities. The expatriate community in the city is also growing, up from more than 1,000 people in 2012 to more than 5,000 in 2017.

With its unlimited potentials and environmentally friendly government policies, Danang is certain to offer great opportunities for foreign investors to build not only a business but also a home in the city. And there is one more thing, Danang is one of the few provinces that is the pioneer in removing cumbersome administrative procedures.

Binh Duong – Where you can find lots of multinational companies in Vietnam

Binh Duong has geographical advantages when it is located in the southern key economic region, favorable for the development of urban and service industries. Binh Duong is located on the important traffic axes of the country and is an important trade and exchange hub between the Central Highlands provinces, the Central region and the Ho Chi Minh City.

By the end of 2019, Binh Duong ranked 3rd in the country, after Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City in terms of attracting foreign investment. The total newly registered, adjusted and contributed capital of foreign investors in the province reached over US $ 3,073 billion, up 50% over the same period in 2018, exceeding 119.57% compared to the target of 2019.

Up to now, Binh Duong ranked 2nd in the whole country, only after Ho Chi Minh City in attracting foreign investment. Binh Duong currently has 3,755 projects still granted valid investment registration certificates with a total registered capital of US $ 34.23 billion; in which, average project size is about 9.11 million USD.

Currently, there are 65 countries and territories registering investment in Binh Duong; in which, 7 countries and territories are Japan, Taiwan (China), Singapore, Samoa, South Korea, BVI and Hong Kong (China) with total investment capital accounting for more than 75% of total investment capital of the province. Japan topped 314 projects, total registered capital of 5.61 billion USD, accounting for 16.4% of total investment capital.

Taiwan (China) ranked 2nd with 837 projects, total registered capital of US $ 5.42 billion, accounting for 15.9% of total investment capital. Singapore ranked 3rd with 241 projects, total registered capital of US $ 4.14 billion, accounting for 12.1% of total investment capital.

As a rule, the surrounding area is often attracted to the center of Ho Chi Minh City but Binh Duong has been known to create advantages for development.

Bac Ninh – City of culture and modernity

Over the past years, the country has witnessed the remarkable development of Bac Ninh province with the economic development speed and per capita income always in the top of the whole country. Accordingly, the average economic growth always reaches over 10%/year. Other socio-economic development indicators are also quite impressive: GRDP ranked 3rd in the country, FDI attraction ranked 6th, exports rank high, budget revenue ranked 10th; the percentage of communes meeting new rural standards ranked 9th.

In the field of investment, Bac Ninh continues to attract many large economic groups in the world such as Samsung (South Korea), Hong Hai (Taiwan), Canon (Japan), Microsoft, ABB, Foxconn, etc.

Up to now, the province has attracted nearly 1,000 FDI projects with a total registered capital of more than 15 billion USD. In particular, Samsung Group alone has poured billions of dollars. This number has not been stopped because the number of newly registered projects and the number of old projects with capital increase are increasing each year.

The expansion of large FDI projects in Bac Ninh has satisfied the employment needs for millions of workers and brought many of foreign experts to work in industrial parks and hi-tech parks.

The number of employees is increasing but the infrastructure and services in Bac Ninh do not fully meet the rigorous requirements of experts, technicians, senior management of Korea, Japan, and Taiwan, ect. Therefore, most of them rent houses in Hanoi or choose big hotels to stay. Experts say the shortage of supply is a good signal for real estate investors who want to pour capital into Bac Ninh, anticipating strong profit opportunities with huge customer demand.

All of the above factors have made Bac Ninh a fertile land, attractive to businesses and real estate investors, a good signal for the development of synchronous urban areas in the future.

In Conclusion

Above are the top five cities that you should consider setting up your business when entering Vietnam. Vietnam has been and continues to grow, which is an attractive place for foreign investors, the ideal place to start new business ideas. Although the road ahead for Vietnam and its provinces and cities is not without struggle and challenge, there still exist potentials and opportunities for investors and businesses to explore. See Vietnam Expat Blog to read more

source https://globalbusinessstudio.com/top-5-cities-in-vietnam-to-do-business/

#globalbusinessstudio #GBS Vietnam

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optromix · 4 years

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The need for air pollution control has significantly increased

Basic facts

● Air pollution is one of the main health risks associated with the environment.

● The lower the levels of air pollution are, the better the cardiovascular and respiratory health of the population are in both the long and short term.

● In 2016, 91% of the world's population lived in areas where pollution levels exceeded the values set in the WHO's air quality recommendations.

● In 2012, according to estimations, 4.2 million premature deaths occurred worldwide due to air pollution in urban and rural areas.

● About 91% of these premature deaths occurred in low-and middle-income countries with the highest number of deaths in the regions of South-East Asia and the Western Pacific.

● Policies and investments in support of cleaner transport, energy-efficient housing, energy generation, and industry, as well as improved urban waste management, contribute to reducing the main sources of urban air pollution.

● In addition to air pollution, indoor smoke poses a serious health risk to the estimated 3 billion people who cook and heat their homes using biomass and coal fuels.

The Nature Communications organization has published a study according to which a sharp reduction in carbon emissions into the atmosphere can become cost-effective in the short term.

According to the latest data, most people die because of polluted air in India and China. That is why these countries should first of all fight against particulates into the atmosphere, but the governments of these countries do not pay enough attention to the problem.

Experts claim that the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions will decrease mortality and the percentage of serious diseases in places with polluted air in our generation, and improvement of the resident health in problem regions will save money allocated annually for health care.

This point is crucial, but it is not fully taken into account in the global economic analysis of how much the world community should invest in the fight against climate change.

At the same time, the amount of benefit directly depends on the policy of controlling environmental pollution and can reach several trillion dollars per year.

Authors of the study note that usually it is customary to talk about the contribution of our descendants and our planet when discussing the problems of air pollution control but, as evidenced by the latest work in this area, the benefit (including economic) can be obtained in the coming years by eliminating harmful particulate pollutants.

To be more precise, air pollution is considered to be the main cause of the global environmental threat. The international labor organization defines air pollution as the presence in the air of particulates that are harmful to health or dangerous for other reasons, regardless of their physical form. The burning of fossil fuels, agricultural activities, and mining are just some of the causes of air pollution. Carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and dust are regarded as the most popular and most polluting the atmosphere.

Any particulates pollute the air: gaseous, solid and liquid if they are contained in it in quantities exceeding their average content. Air pollution is divided into dust and gas. The World Health Organization defines polluted air as if its chemical composition can negatively affect the health of people, plants, and animals, as well as other elements of the environment (water, soil). Air pollution is the most dangerous of all types of pollution because it is mobile and can pollute almost all components of the environment over large areas.

Main sources of air pollution include:

● industrialization and a growing population,

● energy sector,

● transport industry,

● natural source.

The growing demand for energy has made the burning of hydrocarbons the main source of anthropogenic air pollution.

The most dangerous particulate pollutants are:

● sulfur dioxide (SO2),

● nitrogen oxides (NxOy),

● coal dust (X2),

● volatile organic compounds (benzopyrene),

● carbon monoxide (CO),

● carbon dioxide (CO2),

● tropospheric ozone (O3),

● lead (Pb),

● suspended dust.

Anthropogenic sources of air pollution include:

● low-altitude emissions,

● chemical conversion of fuel,

● extraction and transportation of raw materials,

● chemical industry,

● processing industry,

● metallurgical industry,

● cement production,

● landfills for raw materials and waste,

● motorization.

Natural sources of air pollution are the following:

● eruption,

● chemical weathering of rocks,

● forest and steppe fires,

● lightning,

● space dust,

● biological process.

Particulate pollutants are absorbed by people mainly during breathing. They contribute to the development of respiratory diseases, allergies, and reproductive disorders. Air pollution causes corrosion of metals and building materials in everyday life. It also negatively affects the plant world, disrupting the processes of photosynthesis, transpiration, and respiration.

Particulates also worsen the condition of water and soil. Globally, air pollution has an impact on climate change. Air pollution also increases the acidity of drinking water. This causes an increase in the content of lead, copper, zinc, aluminum, and even cadmium in the water entering our apartments. Water with high acidity destroys water supply systems, washing out various toxic substances.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), financial losses because of poor air pollution control in Europe amount to about 1.6 trillion US dollars. This is the result of about 600,000 premature deaths (about $ 1.4 trillion) and diseases (about $ 200 billion).

The effects of insufficient air pollution control include:

● Acid rain - precipitation with a low pH level. According to some information, acid rain increases infant mortality and the risk of developing lung diseases, as well as causes the oxidation of rivers and lakes, destruction of flora and fauna, soil degradation, destruction of monuments and architecture.

● Smog – polluted air containing a high concentration of dust and toxic gases, the source of which is mainly cars and industrial enterprises.

● Unpleasant odors – the result of the presence of particulate pollutants in the air that irritate the olfactory receptors. The effect of unpleasant odors on human health is usually psychosomatic.

● Ozone holes - a decrease in ozone content. The ozone layer is a natural filter that protects living organisms from harmful UV radiation.

● The greenhouse effect is a phenomenon that occurs in the atmosphere of the planet, causing an increase in the temperature of the planet, including the Earth.

Air pollution caused by cars is responsible for about 1/4 of the deaths in huge cities. In addition to dust, vehicles are a source of nitrogen dioxide emissions, a substance that is at the center of the scandal was the German automaker Volkswagen, which falsified the results of environmental tests of its cars.

As the world around us becomes more polluted and overpopulated, engines continue to emit particulate pollutants into the atmosphere, and half of the entire population does not have access to clean fuels or technologies (such as stoves and lamps), the levels of air pollution we breathe become more dangerous — currently, 9 out of every 10 people breathe polluted air, resulting in 7 million deaths each year.

Poor air pollution control has severe health consequences — one-third of deaths from stroke, lung cancer, and heart disease are caused by air pollution. This is equivalent to exposure to tobacco smoke and is significantly more severe than, for example, the consequences of consuming excessive amounts of salt.

Air pollution is difficult to avoid no matter how rich the area you live in. Microscopic particulates can pass through our body's defenses, penetrating deep into the respiratory and circulatory systems and destroying the lungs, heart, and brain.

The absence of visible smog does not mean that there is healthy air around. All over the world, both cities and villages are exposed to toxic levels of particulate pollutants that exceed the annual average recommended in the WHO air quality guidelines.

Herewith, according to the opinion of health specialists, people who live and work in high air pollution are more attackable to the COVID-19 - today the most thrilling disease, causing panic all over the world. There is an opinion that air pollution control systems such as scrubbers are considered to be one of the best ways to prevent people from lung infections resulting in the reduction of infectious diseases like coronavirus.

If you would like to make your contribution to improving air quality in order to provide air pollution control, you should choose a new type of wet scrubbers that is Multi-Vortex scrubber. Multi-Vortex wet air scrubber could apply water contaminated with dust, sand, and even small rocks to capture particulate pollutants, different types of dust, and some gases from the air. This type of scrubber is an ideal solution for ore and coal mining. Thus, it can be used in different mining, combustion, and chemical processes to capture gases. Also, in some cases, the unique Multi-Vortex scrubber design allows utilizing cheaper reagents to capture the pollutant gas with more efficiency than a standard wet scrubber. If you would like to buy Multi-Vortex wet air scrubber or have some questions, please contact us at [email protected]

#air pollution control #particulate pollutants #scrubber #wet air scrubber

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juniperpublishersoceanography · 5 years

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Effects of Occupational Health Hazards on Artisanal Fish Production in Ogun State, Nigeria- Juniper Publishers

Abstract

The study was carried out to assess the effects of occupational health hazards on artisanal fish production in Ogun State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling technique was used in the selection of 240 fisher-folks as sample size for this study. Descriptive statistics were used for the objectives while Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to test the hypotheses. Results of this study revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 41.58 years. Majority (71.67%) of the respondents were males, had secondary education (68.33%) and spent 6-10 years in artisanal fishing. The result also indicated that the estimated income loss was N23,705.40 per month. Results of correlation showed that positive and significant relationship existed between occupational health hazards and income loss (p>0.05). It can be concluded that the artisanal fisher-folks are affected by occupational health hazards. Consequently, considerable incomes and manday are loss on daily basis by the victims in the study area. It is hereby recommended that fisher-folks should be trained by the extension agents on preventive measures in order to minimize the occupational health hazards associated with fishing in the study area.

Keywords: Effects; Artisanal fishing; Fisher-folks; Occupation; Health hazards

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Introduction

Fish makes vital contribution to the food and nutritional security of 200 million Africans and provides income for over 10 million people mostly small-scale fisher-folks and entrepreneurs engaged in fish production [1]. Currently, domestic fish production is put at 551,700 metric tonnes as against the present national demand of about 1.5 million metric tonnes [2]. The shortfall is said to be bridged by the importation of 680,000 metric tonnes annually consuming about N50billion in foreign exchange [3]. This no doubt represents a significant drain on the national foreign reserve. Artisanal fish production accounts for 91% of total domestic fish supply in Nigeria [1]. Artisanal fishery is the harvesting of fish from rivers, streams, lakes and ponds by small scale fishermen using both traditional and modern fishing gears. It is the most important of fishery production in Nigeria and accounts for over 90% of her fishery production [4] Artisanal fishers are at the mercy of fluctuating prices, weather and the hazards of the sea. Fishers are vulnerable due to depleting stock arising from over fishing and excessive pressures on available resources, environmental degradation due to flooding, deforestation and menace of water hyacinth. Industrial activities such as oil spillage, canalization, construction of hydroelectric dams are also destabilizing ecosystem and fishing activities. Adoption of obnoxious fishing methods like the use of chemicals and explosives is seriously affecting artisanal fishing because it pollutes the water and destroys water body. In addition, Artisanal fishers are experiencing high post harvest fish losses due to poor processing methods and lack of refrigeration facilities, poor rural infrastructure particularly, health water and sanitation facilities and communal conflict. All these constituted major occupational health hazards and they are detrimental to the growth and development of artisanal fish production in Nigeria. That is, occupational health hazards contribute to low level of artisanal fish production in Nigeria. Having identified occupational health hazards as economic threat and that they affect the fishing households at the various level of fishing activities, it is essential to estimate the extent of manday loss to fisher-folks because this determines their productivity, output and income accruing to the affected fishing households in the area, as this is necessary, not because income from fish production represent the major source of livelihood in the coastal areas but also that labour shortage is apparent. In view of this background, there is need therefore to economically appraise the effects of occupational health hazards on artisanal fish production in Ogun State, Nigeria.

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Specific Objectives

Describe the socio-economic characteristics of the fisher-folks in the study area

Estimate the incomes generated from key livelihoods activities by the fisher-folks in the study area

Assess the distance of respondents' residence to the water body in the study area

Evaluate the income and manday losses due to the health hazards in the study area

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Hypotheses

H01a: There is no significant relationship between the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents and income loss.

H01b: There is no significant relationship between the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents and manday loss.

H02a: There is no significant relationship between the occupational health hazards and income loss.

IV. H02b: There is no significant relationship between the occupational health hazards and manday loss.

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Methodology

Description of the study area

Ogun State is one of the six States in the south west Nigeria. The state was created in February 3rd, 1976. It is bounded in the west by Republic of Benin, bounded in the south by Lagos State and Atlantic Ocean, in the North by both Oyo and Osun States and in the East by Ondo State. The State lies between the latitudes 7°18'N and longitude 5° 55'E. It is situated within the tropics covering 16,409.29km2 with a population of about 4,054,272. Ogun State is heterogeneous state, inhabited predominantly by the Egba, Yewa, Ijebu, Remo, Awori and Egun who belong to the Yoruba ethnic group on the Africa Continents. The population of males in Ogun State is 1,847,243 while the population of female is 1,880,855 according to Nigeria Population Census final population release. The state is approximately covering 1.9 percent (i.e. 16,762km2) of Nigeria 923,219km2 land areas. The State has bimodal rainfall pattern which reaches its peak in July and September and it comprises of mostly agrarian communities which engages the farming activities of both males and females, in cash crops and food crops in order to meet the livelihood needs of the farmer, in addition to their foreign exchange. Most of the crops grown in Ogun State include cassava, rice, maize, melon, cotton, cocoyam, cocoa, yam, cowpea etc. The emphasis of traditional Agriculture in Ogun State is more on crops, while the livestock raised is supplementary. Cultivation and processing of melon is popular in the farming system of rural farmers (especially women) in Ogun State.

Sampling technique and sample size

Ogun Water-Side Local Government Area was purposively selected based on its riverine nature. It is one of the twenty Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Ogun State, Nigeria. The Local Government Area is bounded in the West by Ijebu East Local Government Area in the North, East by Ondo State and in the South by Lagos-State and the Atlantic Ocean [5]. The LGA covers area of about 860.2 square kilometers. It is the only LGA that links Ogun State with the Atlantic Ocean. It has some towns and villages on the fringes of Lagoon and Atlantic Ocean fronts. Thus, it has an ecological condition conducive for riverine, lagoon and marine artisanal fisheries. The traditional occupation of the inhabitants of the riverine, lagoon, and coastal locations is fishing but in recent times, there have been some diversification into other occupations such as arable faming, lumbering, boat building and trading. The Local Government Area consists of five administrative districts namely; Iwopin/Oni, Ibiade/ Ilusin, Abigi/Efire, Ayede/Ayila and Ode-Omi/Makun-Omi. The natural endowment of Iwopin and Ode-Omi areas of Lagoon and Atlantic Ocean respectively favours artisanal fishing in the study area, so the two communities were purposively selected for this study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 120 fisher-folks from each the community to make up 240 respondents as sample size for this study.

Data collection method

Data collection was through primary source using interview guide, observations and memory recall. The instrument used for the data collection was subjected to content validity by experts in the field of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development. Items found ambiguous were removed. Test re-test was carried out at interval of two weeks with twenty fisher-folks who were not part of this study to ascertain the reliability of the instrument [6].

Measurement of variables

Age and fishing experience were measured at ratio level while sex, educational level and marital status were measured at nominal level [7]. Also, the distance, income loss and manday loss were measured at interval level while prevalence of occupational health hazards was measured at nominal level.

Data analysis

Simple descriptive statistics such as percentage, mean and frequency were used to describe the objectives while Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to analyze the hypotheses.

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Results And Discussion

The results in Table 1 showed that the mean age of the respondents was 41.58 years. About sixty percent (59.17%) of the respondents were between 40-49 years old while 10.83% of the fisher-folks were above 50 years of age. This shows that majority of the fisher-folks are at their active age; therefore they go about their business without any problem that goes along with old age. This finding is in consonance with Oyediran et al. [5] that the fisher-folks in this category are within the economically active population and therefore constitute a good labour force for fishery enterprise with the expectation that they would be good managers of limited available resources and can withstand rigors associated with the fishing activities. Majority (71.67%) of the respondents were males while only 28.33% were females. This indicates dominance of male folk in artisanal fish production in the study area. The result is in line with Oyediran et al. [5] that the male folks dominate fish production while female engaged in fish processing and marketing. Most (68.33%) of the respondents had secondary school education while 6.67% had tertiary education. However, 6.0% of the respondents did not have any formal education. This indicates that the fisher-folks are literate which in turn may affect the rate adoption of innovations in the study area. This result is in agreement with Asiabaka (2002) that educational level is a very important determinant in adoption of innovation. The mean household size was 4 people. Majority (70.0%) of the respondents had 2-4 people while 4.17% had more than 8 people in their households. This means that the household size of respondents were relatively small. The implication is that few hands will be involved in artisanal fish production. This result contradicts with Agbamu (2000) who said that the large number of persons in a family pave way for use of family labour in fish processing and marketing. The result also revealed that 60.83% of the respondents had spent between 6 -10 years while 12.50% of the respondents had been in the artisanal fish production for 11-15 years. The mean year of fishing experience was 8.50 years. This implies that artisanal fishing is not a new means of livelihood to the people in the study area (Table 1).

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Incomes From Key Livelihoods Activities

Artisanal fishing is a major source of livelihood for the fisher-folks in the coastal areas. The findings of this study revealed various key livelihoods undertaking by the fisher-folks in the study area. From the results in Table 2, it was shown that 4.20% of the respondents that engaged in small scale fishing/ processing/ marketing realized as much as M8,030.00/month while the boat builders/net fabricators got M, 650.00/month. Also, 30.0% of the respondents generated N32,000.00/month from fish processing/marketing [8,9].

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Distance Between Residence And Water Body

The close distance of the residence to the water body constitutes threats and potential hazards to the people in the coastal areas. The results in Table 3 showed that most (86.70%) of the respondents lived closer (less than 300m) to the water body while few (13.30%) resided farther away (more than 300m) from the water, streams and ponds [10]. The average distance was 157.20m. The finding reveals that the fisher-folks reside closer to the rivers and streams in the study area.

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Occupational Health Hazards And Incomes Loss

Good health contributes to the overall quality of life as well as to productivity. However, the occupational health hazards cause damages to the human health and his environment (Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary). The result in Table 4 showed that virtually all (100.0%) the respondents were affected by physical injuries, cuts and wounds. Also, most of the respondents experienced fire burns (95.80%), leech attack (93.30%), flood disaster (87.50%), stings and bites (78.30%) and paratyphoid fever (70.0%). The result also showed that 40.80% of the fisherfolks had experienced whitlow while 35.0% of the fisher-folks got fish attacks. However, all the fish processors (women) which are about 28.33% of the respondents were exposed to smoke inhalation during fish processing and smoking. Substantial amount of money were loss by the affected fisher-folks during the health breakdown. The amount of money loss as a result of the hazard was based on the subjective estimates given by the fishers during the peak season of their activities. The average amount of income loss to the occupational health hazards ranges from N6,625.00 to N23, 705.40 per month in the study area. These losses are excluding of cost incurred for the treatment of the health hazards (Table 4).

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Manday Loss

A major challenge for the aquatic fish farmers is high occurrence of occupational health hazards. The findings in Table 3 showed that 50.0% of the fisher-folks loss 21-30 days to occupational health hazards while 4.16% of the fisher-folks loss more than 40 days to similar hazards. The mean manday loss was 25.60 days. The loss was as a result of absent from their works and incapacitation of the fisher-folks during the fishing activities. This implies that the fisher-folks losses considerable labour force to occupational health hazards in the coastal areas (Table 5).

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Test Of Relationship Between Socio-Economic Characteristics And Income Loss

Result of correlation showed significant but negative relationship between age (r = - 0.91), gender (r = - 0.32), household size (r =- 0.31) and income loss due to occupational health hazards at p>0.05 level of significance. It implies that the more the youths and middle aged individual with full of energy and fishing experience are involved in artisanal fish production the lesser the exposure to occupational health hazards and income loss. Similarly, women fisher-folks with fewer households are more prone to occupational health hazards than their counterpart men with larger household because more hands will be involved in the various fishing operations. However, fishing experience of the fisher-folks is negative but not significant to the income loss. Thus, there is an inverse relationship between socio-economic characteristics of the fisher-folks and income loss. Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected while the alternate is accepted (Table 6).

S= significant at p>0.05 level

NS= Not-Significant at p>0.05 level

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Test Of Relationship Between Socio-Economic Characteristics And Manday Loss

Result of correlation in Table 7 indicated that age (r =-0.89), gender (r =-0.25), were negatively significant to manday loss as a result of occupational health hazards at p>0.05 level of significance. This means that the more the younger fisher-folks especially males are involved in fishing activities the lesser the exposure to occupational health hazards and manday loss. On the other hand, if older fisher-folks are the dominants in the artisanal fishing operations, there is tendency for higher occupational hazards because of their old age and inactiveness. It is therefore means that there is an inverse but significant relationship between socio-economic characteristics of the respondents and manday loss. However, household size and fishing experience were negative but not significant to manday loss. Thus, the null hypothesis is rejected .

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Test Of Relationship Between The Occupational Health Hazards And Income Loss

The result of correlation showed a positive and significant relationship between occupational health hazards and income loss at p>0.05 level of significance. This implies that the more the fisher-folks are affected by the occupational health hazards the higher the income loss from their fishing production. For every 1% increase in the severance of occupational hazards, 91% of the income is lost. Thus, "there is no significant relationship between occupational health hazards and income loss" is rejected (Table 8).

S= significant at p>0.05 level

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Test Of Relationship Between The Occupational Health Hazards And Manday Loss

The result in Table 9 revealed a positive and significant relationship between occupational health hazards and manday loss at p>0.05 level of significance. The implication is that for every 1.0% of the occupational hazards 62.0% of manday is lost to the hazards. Thus, the null hypothesis that "there is no significant relationship between occupational health hazards and manday loss" is rejected.

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Conclusion

It can be concluded that the artisanal fisher-folks are affected by occupational health hazards. Consequently, considerable incomes and manday are lost on daily basis by the victims of the occupational health hazards in the study area. These losses have serious implications in sustaining their fishing activities and meeting the basic household needs.

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Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study it is hereby recommends that:

Fisher-folks should be trained by the extension agents on preventive/safety measures in order to minimize the exposure to occupational health hazards in the study area

Fisher-folks should also be encouraged to put safety tools into use in the study area

Government should provide health care facilities to the coastal area

Fire brigade service should be made closer to the grass root.

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#Juniper publishers #Aquatic toxicology #Fisheries #Marine biology #Wild fisheries

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• A woman gave my dad $400 so we could get an apartment. We were living in a park. That’s how we got started: Four hundred bucks, and look at me. When I donate a computer to a school, I never know what’s going to come out of it. – Gilbert Arenas • Americans are known for their strength, fortitude, and generosity in times of need. We encourage people in the U.S. and everywhere to give with their hearts, reach out to these victims, and donate what they can to the relief efforts. – Michael Dell • And when those bombs went off, there were runners who, after finishing a marathon, kept running for another two miles to the hospital to donate blood. So, here’s what I know – these maniacs may have tried to make life bad for the people of Boston, but all they can ever do, is show just how good those people are. – Stephen Colbert

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'Donate', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '68', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_donate').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_donate img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); ); • Being willing to donate the taxpayers’ money is not the same as being willing to put your own money where your mouth is. – Thomas Sowell • Big Data allows us to see patterns we have never seen before. This will clearly show us interdependence and connections that will lead to a new way of looking at everything. It will let us see the ‘real-time’ cause and effect of our actions. What we buy, eat, donate, and throw away will be visual in a real-time map to see the ripple effect of our actions. That could only lead to mores-conscious behavior. – Tiffany Shlain • Do you know what the actual percentage of money the Clinton Foundation has raised that they donate so far to charity is? It’s like 5%. Five percent of what they have collected they have donated – and of course, nobody reports that, either. – Rush Limbaugh • Donate and do not talk about it, they say you do nothing for the society; do and talk about it, they say you seek publicity! – Amitabh Bachchan • Donate time, food, or money to organizations that fight the good fight. We can act individually for the collective good. We can all do something. – Joy Bryant • Donate to the extent that you don’t have food for yourself after feeding the needy. – Sivaji Ganesan • Don’t spend two dollars to dry clean a shirt. Donate it to the Salvation Army instead. They’ll clean it and put it on a hanger. Next morning buy it back for seventy-five cents. – Billiam Coronel • Flint is a city of a hundred thousand that was having a rough go of it even before its water was poisoned by lead. And when the water crisis finally grabbed national headlines this winter, the Democratic presidential candidates noticed. Hillary Clinton sent senior staff to investigate and asked her supporters to donate to a fund for Flint’s kids. Bernie Sanders called on Michigan’s Republican governor, Rick Snyder, to resign. – Tamara Keith • For people who don’t know, the fundraiser works like this: people donate to Worldbuilders and they’re automatically entered to win geeky swag in the lottery. We’re just starting week two and we’re already giving away more than $40,000 of books and games. – Patrick Rothfuss • Frazier is so ugly that he should donate his face to the US Bureau of Wild Life. – Muhammad Ali • Go into business, sell a product, sell a service, you’re automatically a suspect to people like Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton – unless you donate to them, and then you become their closest friends, and then we get cronyism. – Rush Limbaugh • He whipped the chair around and actually split one of the things in half with the impact, spilling the spray of blood that was reflective, like mercury. John bellowed, “Anyone else want to donate blood to chair-ity?” He ducked into the the door and bashed one monster right in the wig, screaming, “There’s some dessert! With a chair-y on top! – David Wong • Hey Everyone! Parts of the US are getting hit really hard and need our help. Reach Out Worldwide is proud to announce that we’ve sent out a team and are already on the ground helping out. Please help us make a bigger impact by donating to this cause at http:// donate.ROWW.org/ arkansasrelief . Our thoughts are with all of the people in this devastated region. Thank you! – Cody Walker • How come you like Josh so much anyway? All he does is sit around drinking overpriced coffee and bitching about how awful things are” “He cares about the world.” “If he cared about the world, he’d donate the ten thousand dollars he must spend on coffee every year to charity. That would be doing something. – Elizabeth Scott • I am happy to donate funds to various organizations that help people in need. – Carl Karcher • I do a fair bit for children’s charities. The big ones I support in Liverpool are Zoe’s Place Baby Hospice, and Claire House Children’s Hospice. I donate money and time but the time is what they value the most. If my inclusion at any event they’re doing, helps them to raise more money, then of course I’ll be there. – Robbie Fowler • I do not think it is selfish to want to donate a kidney “only” to family members. – Mallory Ortberg • I donate heavily to the church and various churches in the Detroit community and food banks. – Aretha Franklin • I donate lots to charity. I don’t necessarily tell everybody the number or what I do. – Lindsay Davenport • I donate money to the existing foundation that funds the US Ski Team kids. – Picabo Street • I have a healthy respect for those individuals and the businesses that they represent. Their involvement only solidifies my belief that the United Way is a worthy organization to donate my time and efforts to. – Bill Vaughan • I owe my life to blood donors. I’m forever grateful to people who donate. – Niki Taylor • I think I actually made a very kind gesture out of nowhere; I decided in the middle of that match that for every ace I hit I want to donate money. I just think people should honestly look at themselves before they judge another person. I’ve never been spoiled. I want a Range Rover very bad, but I refuse to spend the money to buy a Range…The diamonds are borrowed. I won’t buy them because I’m too cheap. – Serena Williams • I think you should automatically donate your organs because that would turn the balance of organ donation in a huge way. I would donate whatever anybody would take, and I’d probably do the cremation bit. – George Clooney • I used to get taxed on my allowance. Yeah, I’ve been taxed since I was a little kid. And at the end of the year I had to pick a charity to donate my taxes to. – Lauren Conrad • I went to a pizzeria. The guy gave me the smallest slice possible. If the pizza was a pie chart with what would you do if you found a million dollars, he gave me the “Donate it to charity” slice. “I’d like to exchange this for the ‘Keep it!'” – Mitch Hedberg • I wondered if it was possible to donate my body to science before I was actually dead. I wondered if a disease were to be named after me what the symptoms would be. – Miriam Toews • I work with a charity called Donate My Dress. It’s got chapters all over the country where you can donate special-occasion dresses. Prom is a big deal when you’re 15 years old, and it enables girls who don’t have the money to come in and choose something special. – Ashley Greene • I wouldn’t want to donate my body for scientific study. – Patricia Cornwell • I’ve had so much plastic surgery, when I die they will donate my body to Tupperware. – Joan Rivers • If it feels right to recycle our waste or purchase solar panels for our house or rescue an animal or adopt a child or stop someone from hurting another or donate our time, money, or goods to charity, then do it. – Bryan Kest • If I’ve learned anything in the more than 50 years that I’ve led MDA, it’s that the generosity of the American people knows no bounds. I’m sure that with their fellow citizens in such dire need, they’ll dig deep and do everything they can to help. I’m hopeful that many people will be willing to make two phone calls and donate to both causes. – Jerry Lewis • If someone does not have a specific charity they would like to donate to, that’s OK. An undesignated donation would be split up evenly amongst all the charities supported by the Annapolis Area Complex. – Derren Brown • If something is important enough to you that you feel the urge to donate your money or time to it, I think it’s best to try to express that form of giving through your career, not just as something you do on the side. If you enjoy your volunteering and charitable activities more than your career, it means your career is in serious need of an upgrade. In my opinion your career should be your best outlet for giving. – Steve Pavlina • If the money we donate helps one child or can ease the pain of one parent, those funds are well spent. – Carl Karcher • If you don’t donate to Obama and you’re a major corporation like Big Oil, then they’re gonna blame you for climate change, destroying the planet and they’re gonna get everybody turned against you and hating your guts and so forth, and that’s how they operate. That’s not how Trump operates. That’s not how Mike Pence operates. They understand the simple mathematics of economics. – Rush Limbaugh • If you take all the food aid, America is by far the most generous country. If you take the direct aid, we’re very generous. But when you add on our private contributions – see, our tax system encourages private citizens to donate to organisations that, for example, help the folks in Africa. And when you take the combined effort of US taxpayers’ money plus US citizens’ donations, we’re very generous. And we’ll do more. – George W. Bush • I’ll go through all of [12 steps for people who say are traumatized by the election], but a sample: Volunteer to fight Islamaphobia. Join the ACLU. Donate to Planned Parenthood. Take down sexism and misogyny. Sort of all the stations of the cross of liberalism. Sort of all the stations of the cross of liberalism. – Tucker Carlson • I’ll tell ya, my wife and I, we don’t think alike. She donates money to the homeless, and I donate money to the topless! – Rodney Dangerfield • I’m a good son, a good father, a good husband – I’ve been married to the same woman for 30 years. I’m a good friend. I finished college, I have my education, I donate money anonymously. So when people criticize the kind of characters that I play on screen, I go, ‘You know, that’s part of history.’ – Samuel L. Jackson • I’m blessed. I have a 13-year-old girl’s eye and a 14 year-old boy’s eye. I’ve been given the gift of sight by people who decided to donate organs. I try to do as much organ-donor work as I can. – Mandy Patinkin • Imagine, just for the sake of discussion, that you had a few hours a week and a few dollars a month to donate to a cause – and you wanted to spend that time and money where it would have the greatest impact in saving and improving lives. Where would you spend it? – Bill Gates • In Japan, it’s strange to openly take credit for giving to charity or even to donate publicly. – Robert Paul Weston • It is easier to donate a few thousand to charity and think oneself noble than to base self-respect on personal standards of personal achievement. – Ayn Rand • It is important to note that there are no age limitations on who can donate organs and tissue. Newborns as well as senior citizens have been organ donors. – Vic Snyder • It is worthwhile to engage in something that is close to one’s heart. I had a scholarship. So if I donate money to give brilliant Chinese students an opportunity to study abroad, then this embodies everything I believe in: education, globalization, social mobility. I am an example of social mobility. – Zhang Xin • It’s easy to run to others. It’s so hard to stand on one’s own record. You can fake virtue for an audience. You can’t fake it in your own eyes. Your ego is your strictest judge. They run from it. They spend their lives running. It’s easier to donate a few thousand to charity and think oneself noble than to base self-respect on personal standards of personal achievement. It’s simple to seek substitutes for competence–such easy substitutes: love, charm, kindness, charity. But there is no substitute for competence. – Ayn Rand • It’s one thing to donate money. It’s a whole other thing to give an opportunity for someone to make his own money. – Liya Kebede • Jesus, that ear. He should donate it to The Smithsonian. Brian Wilson, he made all his records with four tracks, but you couldn’t make his records if you had a hundred tracks today. – Bob Dylan • Joe Lieberman frightens me. Why should we, an Hollywood voter, donate money to a man who threatens our creative freedom, our freedom of expression. – Joe Eszterhas • Ladies, you may not realize this, understand this, or even believe this, but everything else we do is ultimately for you. Men don’t do anything-create art, build businesses, donate to charity, invent things, or do anything noteworthy-for any reason other than to impress women, and thus get them to have sex with us. If women didn’t exist, we’d still just be naked grunting apes living in caves. In a very real way, pussy is the key to human civilization. You don’t have to like it, but it’s a fact; if you understand it, you understand men. – Tucker Max • Less mess, less stress. That’s my rule! If you don’t stay on top of decluttering, it can get out of control. I maintain as much as possible. I’ll do seasonal edits and decide what we can toss or donate. If we don’t love it, need it or haven’t used it in the past year, it’s gone. – Molly Sims • Let Pascal say that man is a thinking reed. He is wrong; man is a thinking erratum. Each period in life is a new edition that corrects the preceding one and that in turn will be corrected by the next, until publication of the definitive edition, which the publisher donates to the worms. – Machado de Assis • Mark Zuckerberg recently announced that he will donate $45 billion of his wealth to philanthropy. Two years ago, my husband and I decided to endow $100 million to set up the SOHO China Scholars. This program will give financial aid to Chinese students so they can attend the best universities in the world. – Zhang Xin • Maybe instead of buying myself another Barbie, I could donate that to the Kmart Wishing Tree. – Hamish Blake • Mitt Romney has a new fundraising gimmick. If you donate $3 or more to his campaign, your name will be entered into a drawing to win a dinner with Mitt Romney and Donald Trump. If you donate more than $10, you get to sit at a different table. – Jay Leno • My mother always told me if I really didn’t wan to do something, if I was really tired, but if I had helped someone and I really went out of my way for them but I asked nothing for it, that I should donate my energy to the souls in purgatory-meaning that to give my goodness to those who are trapped. This is purgatory/limbo. This is a very Catholic thing that very few people really understand. – Peter Steele • No. But it’s like the argument `don’t donate to third-world countries because the money mightn’t get to them.’ People only say that because it makes them feel better about the fact that they do nothing. – Melina Marchetta • Of all the things that it is possible to donate, to donate your own body is infinitely more worthwhile. – William Jones • Okay, God, I thought. Get me out of this and I’ll stop my half-assed church-going ways. You got me past a pack of Strigoi tonight. I mean, trapping that one between the doors really shouldn’t have worked, so clearly you’re on board. Let me get out of here, and I’ll…I don’t know. Donate Adrian’s money to the poor. Get baptized. Join a convent. Well, no. Not that last one. – Richelle Mead • One ought not to encourage beggars, and yes, you are right, it is far better to donate to charities that address the causes of poverty rather than to him, a creature who is merely its symptom. – Mohsin Hamid • People are going to have a good time, you know. One can go have a good time at these big openings in museums. And people go to have a good time. But the thing has another purpose.In the case of museums, it’s always got to do with money, people who donate and things like that. And I believe a certain kind of interest has to be demonstrated. – Garry Winogrand • People get together and they donate to organizations so that a pile of money can be used to create a message that can be broadcast en masse as part of the a political campaign. They are the lifeblood of Hillary Clinton campaign, the banks and all these big time rich people from Hollywood and Silicon Valley are the mother’s milk of her campaign. They are the money. She just doesn’t want Donald Trump to have it or any other Republican to have it or any average citizen to be able to bundle his money with other people’s money and create an ad or a campaign. – Rush Limbaugh • People who identify themselves as conservatives donate money to charity more often than people who identify themselves as liberals. They donate more money and a higher percentage of their incomes. – Thomas Sowell • Perhaps we have failed as human beings. Perhaps we have embarrassed ourselves to the natural world. We have been rigorous and willful in all the wrong ways. But it doesn’t have to be this way. Maybe you don’t want to deal with (marching), the permanent marker and poster board. But try something else. Carry someone’s groceries. Chat with the custodian in your office building. Donate blood. Live in Rwanda for a year. Write letters to the Department of Buildings. Learn to knit. It is only going to get better from here on out. – Sufjan Stevens • Presumed consent preserves freedom of choice, but it is different from explicit consent because it shifts the default rule. Under this policy, all citizens would be presumed to be consenting donors, but they would have the opportunity to register their unwillingness to donate. – Cass Sunstein • Scott has to be one of the most talented artists I’ve ever seen. He really captures his subjects in a unique way. He is extremely generous as well. How many artists are willing to donate some of their best works to charity? The Texas Sports Hall of Fame has benefited greatly from Medlock’s donated paintings, which are the cornerstones of our auction! – Bob Lilly • Since time is the one immaterial object which we cannot influence – neither speed up nor slow down, add to nor diminish – it is an imponderably valuable gift. Each of us has a few minutes a day or a few hours a week which we could donate to an old folks home or a children’s hospital ward. The elderly whose pillows we plump or whose water pitchers we refill may or may not thank us for our gift, but the gift is upholding the foundation of the universe. – Maya Angelou • Sometimes when I’m swimming, I think that maybe someday I’ll put my red Speedo up for auction. Or maybe I’ll donate it to the Smithsonian. They can stuff it with two plums and a gherkin and put it on display. – David Duchovny • That is not true I am not a greedy man because if I was why would i donate money to charity?I care about others as well. – John D. Rockefeller • The Clinton Foundation does nothing but donate to charities.” They can’t find any evidence that what Schweizer has written about the Clintons and their foundation and the fund-raising and the getting paid for speeches is wrong. They can’t find anything where he’s wrong. The book has not been “discredited.” So [Donald] Trump delivers this massive speech. It hit home run after home run after home run. – Rush Limbaugh • The great thing is these days I no longer have to work for a living and that all of the things that I’m able to do where money is paid as compensation for whatever it be, I’m able to donate all of that to charity. That’s a wonderful position to find yourself in at the latest stages of your life and I’m proud to have walked the path that I have and I’m proud to be able to continue working and to be able to give away what I earn to some very good causes here in the Southwest. – Robin Leach • The ideal set-up would be the story man, the director, and the layout man, as well as musician, operating as a sort of story unit. They all should be keenly interested in the picture. No one in person should donate to an extent where he would keep the others from entering into the production and freely expressing themselves. – Walt Disney • The Oscars is the one night of the year when you can see all your favorite stars without having to donate any money to the Democratic Party – Jon Stewart • The Pacifica Network is a vital cornerstone of our independent media landscape that depends on your financial support. Please donate today to safeguard the future of listener-powered community radio. – Amy Goodman • The point is that no matter what you choose to do with your body when you die, it won’t, ultimately, be very appealing. If you are inclined to donate yourself to science, you should not let images of dissection or dismemberment put you off. They are no more or less gruesome, in my opinion, than ordinary decay or the sewing shut of your jaws via your nostrils for a funeral viewing. – Mary Roach • The shape I’m in, I could donate my body to science fiction. – Rodney Dangerfield • There are lots of issues more important than where billionaires donate their money. – Malcolm Gladwell • There can be no clearer indication of how undemocratic the way we finance campaigns is than the fact that only one-quarter of 1% donate $200 or more, and only one-tenth of 1% gives $1,000 or more. – Arianna Huffington • There could be a powerful international women’s rights movement if only philanthropists would donate as much to real women as to paintings and sculptures of women. – Nicholas D. Kristof • They are miserly, the princes of Austria, you need not grieve about it; they may not donate anything, but they allow themselves tobe fleeced, the good lords. – Franz Grillparzer • To be able to donate money to effect change is extremely exciting. I think I’m very determined and persistent. All the things that you need to deliver a successful business and I think these qualities will be useful in the campaign with the Animal Justice Fund. – Jan Cameron • To see change in your own area code is very powerful. There’s a little orphanage down the street from my company, and we donate $1 from the sale of each CD we sell to the orphanage. – Henry Rollins • Tom [Cargil]s suggestion with a further idea: Propsers of new [C++] features should be required to donate a kidney. That would – Jim [Waldo] pointed out – make people think hard before proposing, and even people without any sense would propose at most two extensions. – Bjarne Stroustrup • URGE is a grassroots charity. We organized to get some incubators to give to the hospital for the kids. We donate money to orphanages. – Ziggy Marley • We cannot wait for others to make a difference, we have to be the change ourselves. To be a part of the making of yet another cancer hospital is a blessing in itself.’ Watch me live on ARY Digital and donate to Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre in Peshawar as much as you can. – Hadiqa Kiani • We must “Bring Back Our Girls” and support Nigerians working every day to create change. Please donate now to support Nigerian organizations educating and standing up for girls – Malala Yousafzai • We’re raising our girls to understand the real meaning of Christmas, and to know that it’s most important to have Christmas in your heart. We go to our local mall and donate toys, and we say prayers for all the people in the world who might not be as lucky as we are. – Faith Hill • What took you so long?” Nash asked, as he slid into the passenger seat and pulled the door closed. “I stopped to donate all your underwear to the homeless. You’re gonna wanna take care of those tighty whities—they’re all you’ve got left.” He leaned against the door, either too tired or too drunk to sit up. “And to think, most people don’t understand your sense of humor.” “Fools, all of them. – Rachel Vincent • When Al Gore picked Joe Lieberman to be his running mate in the 2000 presidential campaign, Eszterhas wrote “Joe Lieberman frightens me. Why should we, an Hollywood voter, donate money to a man who threatens our creative freedom, our freedom of expression.” – David Shuster • When the Haiti earthquake happened, I registered with UNICEF to set up an account, and posted to Twitter for people to donate to it. In a matter of a couple of hours, $30,000 had been donated. That, to me, was eye-opening. – Misha Collins • Whenever I donate a hunting trip for the Children’s Leukemia Foundation, Ronald McDonald Cancer House, all these children’s charities, I offer the anti-hunters an opportunity: if you donate more to the children’s charity than the hunters donate we won’t go hunting. – Ted Nugent • You can give your Social Security check to any organization, public or private, or to individuals. You can donate it to your favorite political party. You can give the funds to a student scholarship – for your grandchildren, for example – or to somebody who has a medical need. Or you can invest your government check in free enterprise. – Mark Skousen • You don’t have to donate money, it can be clothes, or books, or mediavl supplies. So there’s so much that can be done [for refugees], the most difficult thing is that first step that decision to do something. – Khaled Hosseini • You may have heard of Black Friday and Cyber Monday. There’s another day you might want to know about: Giving Tuesday. The idea is pretty straightforward. On the Tuesday after Thanksgiving, shoppers take a break from their gift-buying and donate what they can to charity. – Bill Gates

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equitiesstocks · 5 years

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