#Chapman Road Scientific Reserve

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#2722 - Xanthoparmelia cumberlandia - Cumberland Rock Shield

First described as Parmelia cumberlandia. Also known as rockfrong lichen, supposedly, but I suspect that might be a typo.

The photobiont is the alga Trebouxia. Widespread, apparently, growing on acidic rock.

Chapman Road Scientific Reserve, Aotearoa, New Zealand

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#2718 - Orobanche minor - Common Broomrape

Bit puzzled that I don't seem to have covered this species before, since it's extremely widespread and a common sight here in Perth, too. I've posted photos of it before, certainly. Possibly the original post got eaten in the Great Tumblr Purge for no good reason.

AKA hellroot, and clover broomrape.

A parasitic plant native to Europe, N. Africa, and Macaronesia, but now found everywhere else that's warm enough. It parasitises plants in the pea and daisy family for the most part, but is known to attack plants in many other famiies as well - in the photo above it's probably sucking the juices from the thistle next to it.

 Flowers red-brown, yellow-brown, yellow, or purple.

One of almost 200 in the genus, and by far the most widespread. It's the only one that's made it to New Zealand, where it has been naturalised since 1870 and is regarded as a weed. Some species are considered serious threats to agriculture, and in some Australian states all species are considered noxious weeds that need to be reported and destroyed.

Chapman Road Scientific Reserve, Aotearoa New Zealand.

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#2717 - Atriplex buchananii

The binomial is derived from an ancient Latin name which may have come from the Greek a-traphein - ‘without nourishment’ because many of species grow in arid deserts. John Buchanan (1819-1898) was a New Zealand botanist and scientific artist.

A short-lived chenopod found in open, salt-enriched, poorly draining clay or gravel strewn ground. It's most common in open turfs or gravel field near the high tide mark, on offshore islands in guano enriched soils or guano splattered rock. In Central Otago it grows in salt pans and slicks.

The main food plant for two endangered moths from inland Otago - Paranotoreas fulva and an undescribed Loxosteges.

Chapman Road Scientific Reserve, Aotearoa New Zealand.

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The Great ACT-NSW-NZ Trip, 2023-2024 - Chapman Road Scientific Reserve

Another place of scientific interest that was promptly put on the To-Do list when @purrdence found out about it. The reserve was established to preserve the salt-pan habitat, which used to be much more common in Central Otago until agriculture and irrigation trashed most of them.

As a result the reserve is one of the few places in Central Otago that still has salt-loving plants like Atriplex buchananii, and two species of moth that feed on that plant - Paranotoreas fulva and an undescribed Loxostege.

Unfortunately the reserve is also overrun with introduced weeds, but at least a few were new to me. I also got a closer look at Golden scabweed than I did in Cromwell, where I had to lean over the fence.

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#2723 - Xanthoparmelia semiviridis -

Resurrection Lichen 

AKA Parmelia semiviridis, and Chondropsis semiviridis.

Found in the drier parts of Aotearoa's South Island, and semi-arid southern Australia. Very unusually for one of these lichen, it grows unattached to any substrate, and during dry spells curls up into a ball that can blow around like a tumbleweed. Once it rains it flattens out again.

In decline in Aotearoa because of habitat loss to agriculture, and invasive species like hawkweeds.

Chapman Road Scientific Reserve, Aotearoa New Zealand.

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#2721 - Dipsacus fullonum - Wild Teasel

A member of the honeysuckle family, AKA Dipsacus sylvestris or fuller's teasel.

Native to Eurasia and Northern Africa, a wild in the Americas, Southern Africa, Australia and Aotearoa.

Fulling was a process by which wool could be turned into a water-repelling, insulating fabric. The dry flower-heads of a Teasel cultivar were ideal for teasing up the nap of the wool at one stage in the procedure. By the twentieth century the plants had largely been replaced with metal combs, but Fuller, Tucker, and Walker remain English surnames, and the phrase 'being on tenterhooks' is another holdover from the industry.

An important winter food supply for bird like the Goldfinch, and an interesting addition to floral arrangements.

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#2720 - Thymus vulgaris - Common Thyme

Native to southern Europe, from the western Mediterranean to southern Italy, but highly invasive worldwide in cool dry areas. Widely grown as a seasoning and herbal medicine.There are almost many ornamental varieties and hybrids.

A declared weed in Aotearoa, where its been naturalised since 1926.

Chapman Road Scientific Reserve, Aotearoa New Zealand.

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#2719 - Reseda luteola - Weld

AKA dyer's rocket, dyer's weed, woold, and yellow weed. Source of the early yellow dye also called weld, which could be mixed with woad to produce Lincoln Green and similar green dyes.

Slender, small, and yellow plants, harvested before the fruit develops, where the best source of the dye, which works well on silk, wool, and linen.

Native to Europe and Western Asia, but now found in many other parts of the world.

Chapman Road Scientific Reserve, Aotearoa New Zealand

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#2716 - Paranotoreas fulva

 First described by British-born entomologist George Vernon Hudson in 1905 as Lythria fulva. Hudson is more famous for proposing Daylight Savings Time, at least partly to give himself more time for insect collecting. Hudson's collection of insects, the largest in New Zealand, is housed in the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, but his notes describing thousands of species are recording in a coding system of his own invention. In 2018, Te Papa launched a project calling for digital volunteers to help decipher those codes.

The moth is endemic to the southern half of the South Island, and has been collected from the salt pans of Otago, the mountainous grassland areas in South Canterbury and Otago, and the glacial outwash terraces around Lake Tekapo. But the caterpillars preferred food are two increasingly rare native plants - the Slender Chickweed Stellaria gracilenta and the saltbush Atriplex buchananii. Some success has been had feeding them on weeds like the buck's-horn plantain (Plantago coronopus), Crepis sp., and Heiracium.

The Chapman Road Scientific Road near Alexandra was erected to protect some of the remaining saltpan habitat of the moth.

Central Otago, Aotearoa New Zealand