#Cellular grafts

[houseofbrat]

So what you want Kate to not get chemotherapy so that she gets even more worse and more unwell? Who even thinks like that and William doesn’t smoke

First off, it's well known that William smokes. Just because he hides it better than Harry doesn't mean he doesn't do it. He clearly has smoker skin. That's why his skin looks so terrible & dry. So dry that soon we might be able to grate cheese on it.

"You want Kate to not get chemotherapy so that she gets even more worse and more unwell?"

Your ignorance is clearly showing.

This is how people die from cancer:

Catabolism: the body breaks down on a cellular level; substances released by tumor cells are strong anorexics.

Secondary infection due to immune system suppression.

Blockage of vital structures: trachea/esophagus, superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome, impacts to the spinal cord, pericardial effusion, pleural effusion, etc.

Side effects of medication/treatment: immune suppression, pulmonary fibrosis, Graft-versus-Host-Disease (GvHD), etc.

You do not die from cancer just because you have "cancer."

I wrote a long post yesterday differentiating that different people have different physiology. Just because you have "cancer" does not mean that it poses a threat to your life or health. Plenty of people have "cancer" that does not progress at all or affect them in any way. Just because you have "cancer present" does not mean it will affect your life or health in any significant way.

The situation is really like the anon said:

"Catherine has a much more serious cancer than they are letting on, hence, the decision to have chemo is not even a discussion point,"

"she’s not having chemo and there’s another reason why she’s missing in action,"

"she and William are panicking and she’s receiving chemo regardless"

My bets are on numbers two or three.

Kensington Palace is clearly lying. Can't wait for it to be revealed! KP's strategy before Kate's cancer announcement was to release the news that her medical records had been breached and paint Kate as a victim. After the cancer announcement, it was those pesky conspiracy theorists and the axis of evil who was to blame for Kate's reputation being slagged around the world, not the utter incompetence of William and KP.

Let's not forget that William is an emotionally damaged, thin skinned, control freak with a privacy fetish.

Let's also not forget that next Monday, 01 April 2024, begins a new fiscal year for the BRF.

[redacted-metallum]

rev my man my hal i am having THOUGHTS ABOUT THE MI-GO

so

i was thinking about Affini stuff and realized that a lotta what im trying to figure out would work better for something FUNGOID (more akin to Terran fungus) than for something FLORAL (more akin to Terran plants) or FAUNAL (MEAT), and the MI-GO fit that roll perfectly

anyway anyway anyway

GRAFTS

the idea

your average MI-GO starts off as an awkward gestative mold that acts like a halfway between a slimemold and an egg, before it hatches out a gross little grub-nymph stage that eventually develops into an adult, with only a couple legs and arms and stuff

this is PROBABLY the best you'd get, like, evolutionarily. natural adaption REALLY doesn't like having too many limbs or organs unless you can justify it through segmentation like a millipede or some shit

SO

since MI-GO are, on a cellular level, fungoid, they take grafting REALLY REALLY WELL

where you'd need to attach a million different connections of nerves and veins and arteries and muscles and everything for a faunal organism, the MI-GO's body can grow around it, redirecting circulation and nerves and growing all the proper structures to support it

which is FUCKING MASSIVE when it comes to bodily modification! you don't need to have an extensive cybernetic surgery that fundamentally alters your body if you want wings

instead, you just graft on a set of lab-grown wings, give it a couple weeks to make the proper connections, and then exercise with them enough to grow the muscles and muscle-memory you'd need to fly!

why specifically the mi-go? dunno! probably just using them as an example

Hera you are so on to something that i am DELIGHTED to inform you that Chaosium's A Time To Harvest campaign ALSO implied some of this!!!!

[minscribbles]

Decided to go the traditional rough sketch route when it came to getting some tulum “wake up” visuals out of my head mm wanting to get better at depictions of that exposed muscle and parts of mummified scalp with thin hair remnants regrowing >:Tc LOVED drawing out the bat girl Alex  for the first time tho, very fun design to play around with

Notes of interest: Did not expect seeing such odd variety in coatimundi skull research especially when it came to length and tooth protrusion! Characters: Hyden and Alex @chocodile, Theo @kwillow  Rambling prose context read below!:

Main gist:  (keep in mind this is all limited to whats revealed so far about the shadow in main amaranthine verse so AU fun otherwise)

Group research expedition into some far off location with the hope of some leads into combating/eradicating The Shadow goop problem plaguing the world, courtesy of Hyden (most likely due to credible reports of it behaving uncharacteristically in one particular area and amassing consistently there over the years despite complete lack of population density that it would normally be voraciously seeking out to feed on). This eventually leads to the group winding up somewhere far underground (we’re talking Atlantis: The Lost Empire movie level montages of occasional dynamite use to unblock passages and paths that were assumed nonexistent until closer inspection). Until the expedition finally reaches a very well-sealed chamber (magically and physically) they decide to forcefully open and it appears to be much like an ancient tomb complete with decorations and murals.Obligatory cautious and eerie exploratory sequence that obviously leads into a raised focal point of the room, a stone-carved container structure complete w/ heavy stone well cap. Cue The Shadow goop absolutely bum-rushing into that chamber in overwhelming mass to the horror and subsequent confusion of the group, as its’ singular point of interest is breaching the stone-carved container.

Surprise! As everyone there already assumed, It’s a coffin! Bigger surprise!! Hey, wow, that’s weird The Shadow kind of looks like it’s reanimating whatever remains were in there!! Hello Tulum! :•)  asjdlkasjda oof thanks to a thumb adjacent hotkey on my mouse I lost about 3 pages worth of writing here I did in explanation regarding Tulum, her situation, and why her circumstances probably aren’t technically a case of Necromancy among other detail oriented things I can’t be bothered to redo from scratch again right now. LMAO  If you’re curious uh  feel free to reach out or reply asking more about those details;;

tldr bad short read: Mega specific series of contractual magic spells by an ancient eldritch deity tied for use with a specific individual’s (Tulum) base DNA for stupidly rapid controlled cellular regeneration/tissue growth/grafting/healing etc without repercussions of rejection or body shock. Caveat is that it only works when there is immediate proximity to biologically appropriate building block material to be used to make flesh. (ie, people fodder or the shadow sure sucked up a surplus of donor folk parts that would work for that sort of thing, huh? )

But that doesn’t account for the concept of the soul necessary in the body (soul in this context = consciousness, collection of individual’s stacked memories/experiences, basically all the pivotal formation points that made that person themself)

So before all that fun biology specific magic, this ancient eldritch being involved with Tulum first and foremost has a not really repeatable by anyone but themself magic involved in the ownership and perpetuity of Tulum’s “”soul/spirit”” via power of what dominion they have.

While Tulum is a character inspired by a combination of various Mayan civilizations of differing locations, timelines, and beliefs; The paired OC with her I keep referring to as the eldritch being/deity is a reflection of that who is inspired by Maya Mythology, rituals, and deities (particularly The Descending or Diving God)

I just haven’t fleshed him out too well yet beyond some basics as I’m still mulling over how they get on with one another;; but there’s, definitely some good messed up romance build there i keep knee jerking back to.

[lamaenthel]

Truth Serum

[read on ao3][masterlist]Febuwhump prompt: truth serum

The two clones—for that is what they are, despite their opposite natures, just two samples of altered genetic material of the same human man—have been secured to the table, head-to-head. From above, they look like a bacillus cell halfway through division. The little blonde female is crying again, as though she thinks it will help her.

Characters: Crosshair, Omega, Doctor Hemlock, Emerie Karr Wordcount: 1309 Warnings: Major Character Death, Medical Torture, Drug Overdose

The two clones—for that is what they are, despite their opposite natures, just two samples of altered genetic material of the same human man—have been secured to the table, head-to-head. From above, they look like a bacillus cell halfway through division. The little blonde female is crying again, as though she thinks it will help her.

Emerie stands in the corner, obediently waiting for instructions. "Everything has been prepared, Doctor Hemlock," she says softly, her eyes on the tiled floor.

"Excellent." Hemlock pats Emerie's cheek. "And I am happy to see that your attitude has improved. You've been so… different since Omega arrived. I should have disciplined you sooner."

Emerie gives a half-hearted smile and nods, absently rubbing the bruises that the restraints left on her wrists.

Hemlock gives the clones a smile as he approaches the table. "Omega. Crosshair. How are we doing today?"

Omega turns her head as best she can in her restraints and glares at him. Crosshair doesn't bother.

"I'll take that as a 'very well, Doctor Hemlock, thank you for asking.' Strange how your manners are becoming worse since rejoining civilized society, Omega." 

"Kark off," she says with a sniffle, turning away from him.

He smiles. He doesn't mind when she gets feisty. It gives him ideas. "Omega, have you ever heard of a drug called Skirtopanol?" He circles around the table and leans down to whisper the question directly in her ear. 

"Yes," she whimpers. "It's truth serum."

"Good girl. Skirtopanol is indeed known colloquially as 'truth serum,' though I find the saying a bit gauche. And also a misnomer. It doesn't compel one to tell the truth so much as it makes it a great deal harder to lie. It's almost impossible to keep anything to yourself as it quickens your thought processes." He picks up the hypospray from the assortment Emerie has prepared and carefully adjusts the dosage to her weight. "The dosage must be carefully monitored, lest it cause permanent neural impairment, or even a stroke." Hemlock leans in until his lips are touching the delicate shell of her ear. "Do you think your brothers would still want to save you if they knew they'd have to change your diapers for the rest of your life?"

"Am I just here for emotional support, or can I go back to my cell?" Crosshair snaps, struggling in his bonds.

Hemlock chuckles. "Oh, Crosshair, who do you think you're fooling? Do you believe that I can't tell that you're trying to distract me from hurting her?" It's almost adorable how protective the clones are all of each other, even more so of the cadet-aged ones. It's also convenient in interrogations. The soldiers tend to overreact when the little ones are hurt.

Omega gasps in pain as Hemlock shoots the hypospray into her neck. He hands the spent device to Emerie to dispose of. When he turns back to Omega, her eyes have filled up with pained tears. Understandable, given the known stinging effect of the drug flooding her veins.

"Now, let's talk Clone Force 99." Hemlock brushes Omega's overgrown blonde hair out of her face in an imitation of tenderness. "Named after CT-9900, the first member of the so-aptly nicknamed Bad Batch."

"I'm aware," Omega says flatly. "I was Nala Se's lab assistant my entire life. Her idea was to tweak his cellular turnover in an attempt to grant him a rapid healing factor, but it backfired and caused progeria instead. He was kept alive in order to harvest stem cells for skin grafts since he did in fact exhibit some accelerated healing, but he was killed in the attack on Kamino by the Separatist Army and—"

"Yes, yes, focus." Hemlock snaps his fingers. "Almost every single second of your childhood with Nala was recorded, and I have access to it all. What I want to know from you now is what the future brings." He leans down again. "Where does the Bad Batch hide out?" 

"Cid's parlor on Ord Mantell." Omega twitches in her restraints and grimaces. "We… we went there for the first time right after Order 66, and—"

Hemlock snaps his fingers again. "I know about Cid's parlor, Omega, that's where I collected you. I want to know about the other places."

"Pa—" Omega twitches. The left side of her face doesn't move when she speaks. "Pa. Pa. Pa. Paaaaaaaa." 

Crosshair freezes, then jerks his head as far back as he can in his position. "Omega?" he asks in a fearful pitch.

Hemlock stands up. "I believe she's having a stroke," he mentions to Emerie, stroking his chin curiously. 

Her eyes go wide. She darts for the collection of hyposprays. "I'll get the—"

Hemlock yanks her away from the cart and pushes her back against the wall where she belongs. "Don't bother. It's already too late." He frowns. "How odd. I know I gave her the right dose." He turns to his assistant, who's watching the little girl seize, drool, and wet herself with a horrified expression. "You prepared the correct concentration of Skirtopanol, did you not?" he asks her suspiciously.

Crosshair desperately tries to look back at Omega, thrashing even harder than she is in his efforts. "Omega? Omega, can you hear me?" 

Emerie's eyes look visibly offended behind her spectacles. "Of course I did, Doctor," she spits out angrily. "I also put in her notes that she has exhibited sensitivity to several of the drugs used on her in the past." She turns her datapad and shows him Omega's notes like a recalcitrant schoolgirl being accused of cheating on her coursework. 

"Hmm." Hemlock cannot argue that she did, in fact, notate that fact in bold print at the very top of her medical profile. He doesn't know how he missed it.

"Are you going to kriffing do something?" Crosshair roars, struggling in his bonds as the young clone goes into violent convulsions. "She's dying, you bastard!"

"Yes, she is, but it can't be helped. " Hemlock shrugs. "If she's having a stroke, it's already too late to reverse the effects of the overdose. There's an unfortunately small window with Skirtopanol, you see. Her frontal lobe has already begun to break down. It's kinder to let it continue."

"No!" Crosshair screams, throwing himself back and forth in his restraints hard enough to dislocate his shoulder with an audible pop! of wet cartilage ripping. "No, no, Omega! Omega, please!"

The younger clone stops twitching, most likely unconscious from hypoxia. Hemlock retrieves the Skirtopanol's dissolution agent and shoots it into the other side of her neck. Her brain may still be salvaged once the chain reaction stops, even though it's too late for her nervous system to reactivate.

"GET AWAY FROM HER!" Crosshair scream-sobs, lunging for his hand with his teeth. "GET OFF… get off…" 

Omega's heart monitor lets out an annoying, extended beep as she flatlines. Emerie turns it off  wordlessly.

"Put her on ice immediately," Hemlock orders. "I'd like to dissect her brain. And pass on my apologies to Nala Se."

"Yes, Doctor." Emerie gently transfers the braindead clone to a repulsorcot. She pauses to squeeze the sobbing older clone's hand, then quietly exits.

Hemlock rolls his eyes at the display of sympathy. "Well, that was unfortunate." He selects an autonomic activation agent from Emerie's drug cart and turns. "Now, Crosshair, I hope you're—" 

He reels back stumbling, and falls with a crash of metal and breaking glass as he takes his cart down with him. He grasps at his throat with slippery fingers, fruitlessly struggling to hold the wound closed; despite his best efforts the blood pours out from between his fingers in a boiling rush. His vision fading, Hemlock watches Crosshair furiously saw at his remaining restraints with a laser-scalpel, and realizes far too late that Emerie had given the clone more than just her sympathy.

Taglist: @starwarsficnetwork, @febuwhump, @soliloquy-of-nemo Divider: @saradika-graphics

[whisperthatruns]

Pear

after Susan Stewart No one ever died for a bite of one, or came back from the dead for a single taste: the cool flesh cellular or stony, white as the belly of the winter hare or a doe's scut, flicking, before she mates. Even an unripe one is delicious, its crisp bite cleaner almost than water and its many names just as inviting: Bartlett and Comice, Anjou, Nashi, Concorde and Seckel, the pomegranate-skinned Starkrimson, even the medieval Bosc, which looks like it dropped from an oil painting. It is not a sin to eat one, though you may think of a woman's body as you do it, the bell-shaped swell of it rich in your hand, and for this reason it was sacred to Venus, Juno, all women celebrated or dismissed in its shape, that mealy sweetness tunneling from its center, a gold that sinks back into itself with age. To ripen a pear, wrap it in paper, lay it in cloth by an open window or slip a rotten one beside it on a metal dish: dying cells call always to the fresh ones, the body's siren song that, having heard it once, we can't stop singing. This is not the fruit that will send you to hell nor keep you there; it will not give you knowledge, childbirth, power, or love; you won't know more pain for having eaten one, or choke on a bite to fall asleep under glass. It has no use for archer or hero, though anything you desire from an apple you can do with the pear, like a dark sister with whom you might live out your secret desires. Cook it in wine, mull it with spices, roast it with honey and cloves. Time sweetens and we taste it, so gather the fruit weeks before ripeness, let summer and winter both simmer inside, for it is a fall fruit whose name in China means separation, though only the fearful won't eat one with those they love. To grow a tree from seed, you'll need a garden and a grafting quince, bees, a ladder, shears, a jug; you'll need water and patience, sun and mud, a reverence for the elders who told no true stories of this fruit's origin, wanting to give us the freedom of one thing that's pleasure alone. Cool and sweet, cellular and stony, this is the fruit I'll never die for, nor come back from the dead for a single taste. The juice of the pear shines on my cheeks. There's no curse in it. I'll eat what I like and throw the rest to the grasses. The seeds will find whatever soils they were meant for.

Paisley Rekdal, Nightingale (Copper Canyon Press, 2019)

[medicaregate]

Aplastic Anemia | Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatments

Aplastic anemia (AA) is the syndrome of chronic primary hematopoietic failure caused by injury, which results in decreased or absent hematopoietic precursors in the bone marrow and accompanying pancytopenia.

Aplastic anemia is classified as either moderate, severe (SAA), or very severe (vSAA).

Three primary mechanisms can result in the development of AA: –

1. Direct injury.

2. Immune-mediated.

3. Inherited or acquired bone marrow failure.

Usually, AA is idiopathic, however, it can be attributable to: –

- Radiation.

- Toxic chemicals (like Benzene, solvents, and glue vapors).

- Cytotoxic drugs (chloramphenicol, gold).

- Immune-related disorders (Eosinophilic fasciitis, SLE, Graft versus host disease).

- Thymoma.

- Viral infections (Epstein-Virus Infection, Parvovirus B19, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Hepatitis virus).

- Anorexia nervosa and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH).

Patients typically present with non-specific symptoms caused by associated cytopenia, such as: –

- Low energy levels, pallor, and headaches with anemia.

- Mucosal bleeding.

- Bruising/petechiae.

- Menorrhagia with thrombocytopenia.

- Fever with or without evidence of infection with neutropenia.

The most common complications of aplastic anemia are bleeding, infections, and transformation to lymphoproliferative disorders.

Aplastic anemia has the following diagnostic criteria: –

The presence of bone marrow hypocellularity and two or more cytopenias (reticulopodia less than 1% or less than 40,000/microliter, neutropenia less than 500/microliter, or thrombocytopenia less than 20,000/microliter).

The bone marrow cellularity in moderate disease is less than 30%.

The severe disease has less than 25% cellularity or less than 50% cellularity with fewer than 30% hematopoietic cells.

Very severe meets the severe criteria in addition to neutropenia less than 200/µL.

Aplastic anemia treatment focuses on the underlying cause.

If possible, remove the offending agent(s).

Treatment is dependent on the patient’s age, disease severity, donor availability, and performance status when there is no distinctive reversible cause.

Young patients (less than 50 years old) with severe disease who are in good health should receive an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) before starting immunosuppressive therapy.

Older patients (50 years and older) in good health, as well as young patients without an HCT donor, are given full-dose immunosuppressive therapy using: –

- Eltrombopag.

- Horse/rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG).

- Cyclosporine A.

- Prednisone.

Read more at: https://medicaregate.com/aplastic-anemia-causes-symptoms-diagnosis-and-treatments/

[west-tokyo-incidents]

The Facility

Listen I just need to babble about this shit it's 5am.

---

Deviations/Alternates- Both terms are used for any timeline that is different from the central, canon timeline, which is Dunstan's Ideal. Deviation often has a more negative or dangerous connotation, often used for unknowns, new changes, or as an insult, despite being the official term for them. Alternate is a more neutral term and often used for different timelines that are well known and predictable.

Collective Age/Collective Time- Due to the fluid nature of time within the Facility, telling age accurately is extremely difficult. Those who stay in the Facility often simply ignore the concept of age, as cellular activity is very different within it. Those who leave and return tend to track their age collectively through how much time they spend in linear time.

For example, a Vice instance who lived 900 years before joining the Facility and spends 2 years in one timeline for a mission, 60 in another, and 26 in a third, would have a collective age of 988.

Instance- Any member of a timeline that is recurring, typically the characters of the series. Their actual names often become meaningless with seeing and hearing the name in various different forms and the vast majority rename themselves for their own sanity.

Modification/Mods- Pretty much what it says on the tin, modifications made to the body.

For humans, this is typically with various generic douji parts and mechanics, though some may choose for their parts to be from specific douji.

For douji, this can mean many things, such as adding to their arsenal or modifying their appearance, but the most extreme involve complete sphere transplant or even remote control of their body so that their sphere is safe while the body ventures into dangerous territory.

---

Garion Dubois-

Administrator of the Facility. Mother appointed them following the Facility's detachment from Dunstan.

An amorphous figure, identity-wise, but human. Doesn't remember how they came to be, but is absolutely ancient in collective time. Similarities and draws towards Paresse instances spawn multiple theories that they may BE a Paresse instance, perhaps one who became human, or a reincarnation of Michel or Mizho in some timeline.

Has an unusual distaste for Dunstan, viciously critiquing and criticizing the Funeral at every opportunity.

Built Trickery on their own, but recognizes their own failure and narcissism in the construction, as Trickery definitely isn't a true douji, but a convincing mimicry.

Often inserts themself into timelines that have already deviated from the central (canon) timeline and just kind of Vibes until shit goes wrong.

Songbird-

A Fusataro instance who barely remembers her original timeline. In collective time she has at least a few millenia under he belt. She's one of the high commanders alongside Dubois, whom she's married to.

She heads most communications with timelines, her charisma a great boon when recruiting, but her favorite place to be is alongside her husband on recon missions in new, high deviation timelines.

Has a high level of modification and is nearly completely mechanical, to the point she can hold her own, unarmed, against a lesser douji and can hold out for at least a few minutes against a Vice or Ultimo instance on their own, but only if unmodified, unfused, and without heavy deviation. She has an array of weapons she can use for those and is never without at least two which are grafted into her body.

Her timeline followed closely to canon, up until near the end where Vice and Ultimo fusing went horrifically wrong due to an error. She and a Makoto instance are the only survivors and the two don't communicate often.

Dubois-

One of the first douji to join the ranks of the Facility willingly. He is the lead commander for reconnaissance and exploratory missions into new and unknown deviations from the main timeline.

Most timelines that the facility doesn't directly interfere in may have sightings of him that aren't significant enough to wipe.

He was recruited from his timeline following the death of his first master and his choice in that timeline to, instead of leaving, seek out the Chasseur Alpins and join the ranks. Unfortunately this timeline also became one where one of the most dangerous deviations occurred and he was pulled and recruited from it.

He chose his new name for fairly obvious reasons. He was extremely distant for a very long time until meeting Songbird in her timeline. She discovered him on a reconnaissance mission and called him out on not being the Paresse she knew in her timeline, and he absolutely fell hard and fast.

Father-

A Rage instance who joined the ranks alongside Mother and Weaver and instigated the initial separation from Dunstan.

All three are from the same timeline, one where their Paresse manages to break through the fabric of space-time--due to a deviation in their Ultimo--and adapted to an impossible size and structure in the timeless and spaceless in-between.

Their Jealousy followed and created a pocket dimension in which the Paresse, now Mother, would reside.

The Rage, having converted to good and fallen in love with Mother, would find the rift after a long search and resided inside of the dimension with Mother. They'd be like this for an unknown amount of time before the Facility reached out, and eventually moved in with permission... with the stipulation that Dunstan would surrender control of the Facility.

Father would become the head of all militant operations, with Dubois and Songbird both reporting directly to him. For the most part, he trusts his subordinates on their decisions, but still heavily reviews every proposed mission and every issue that rises, handing them off to the necessary branch if needed.

Mother, Weaver, and Sight-

The equivalent of 'gods' in the Facility. All three are very eldritch and distant members of the Facility, forming the infrastructure and literal base of operations for the Facility.

Mother quite literally IS the Facility, their bones its rooms and their veins its halls. Their sphere is kept in an extremely secure and protected location far from any secured deviations. Mother may appear as a multitude of different apparitions or forms through the Facility, but rarely, if ever, communicates.

Weaver is the most distant, residing on the 'walls' of the dimension in which Mother resides and maintains them, as well as weaving new 'paths' to often visited timelines to ensure safe travel and ensure Mother wastes as little energy as possible. It does not speak and actively attacks if someone gets to close, due to the fragile nature of its freshest weavings.

Sight is a Slow instance who is so utterly enraptured in the threads of fate that he rarely speaks and takes the form of a mechanical stag that is staring straight off into nothingness, lost in the eldritch, twisting branches of time and fate and prophecy. When he does speak, it's to inform of a new deviation that he discovers. It's up to the Facility staff to determine the details, as after announcing it, he's often lost tracing another potential line.

[sunaleisocial]

When muscles work out, they help neurons to grow, a new study shows

New Post has been published on https://sunalei.org/news/when-muscles-work-out-they-help-neurons-to-grow-a-new-study-shows/

When muscles work out, they help neurons to grow, a new study shows

There’s no doubt that exercise does a body good. Regular activity not only strengthens muscles but can bolster our bones, blood vessels, and immune system.

Now, MIT engineers have found that exercise can also have benefits at the level of individual neurons. They observed that when muscles contract during exercise, they release a soup of biochemical signals called myokines. In the presence of these muscle-generated signals, neurons grew four times farther compared to neurons that were not exposed to myokines. These cellular-level experiments suggest that exercise can have a significant biochemical effect on nerve growth.

Surprisingly, the researchers also found that neurons respond not only to the biochemical signals of exercise but also to its physical impacts. The team observed that when neurons are repeatedly pulled back and forth, similarly to how muscles contract and expand during exercise, the neurons grow just as much as when they are exposed to a muscle’s myokines.

While previous studies have indicated a potential biochemical link between muscle activity and nerve growth, this study is the first to show that physical effects can be just as important, the researchers say. The results, which are published today in the journal Advanced Healthcare Materials, shed light on the connection between muscles and nerves during exercise, and could inform exercise-related therapies for repairing damaged and deteriorating nerves.

“Now that we know this muscle-nerve crosstalk exists, it can be useful for treating things like nerve injury, where communication between nerve and muscle is cut off,” says Ritu Raman, the Eugene Bell Career Development Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering at MIT. “Maybe if we stimulate the muscle, we could encourage the nerve to heal, and restore mobility to those who have lost it due to traumatic injury or neurodegenerative diseases.”

Raman is the senior author of the new study, which includes Angel Bu, Ferdows Afghah, Nicolas Castro, Maheera Bawa, Sonika Kohli, Karina Shah, and Brandon Rios of MIT’s Department of Mechanical Engineering, and Vincent Butty of MIT’s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research.

Muscle talk

In 2023, Raman and her colleagues reported that they could restore mobility in mice that had experienced a traumatic muscle injury, by first implanting muscle tissue at the site of injury, then exercising the new tissue by stimulating it repeatedly with light. Over time, they found that the exercised graft helped mice to regain their motor function, reaching activity levels comparable to those of healthy mice.

When the researchers analyzed the graft itself, it appeared that regular exercise stimulated the grafted muscle to produce certain biochemical signals that are known to promote nerve and blood vessel growth.

“That was interesting because we always think that nerves control muscle, but we don’t think of muscles talking back to nerves,” Raman says. “So, we started to think stimulating muscle was encouraging nerve growth. And people replied that maybe that’s the case, but there’s hundreds of other cell types in an animal, and it’s really hard to prove that the nerve is growing more because of the muscle, rather than the immune system or something else playing a role.”

In their new study, the team set out to determine whether exercising muscles has any direct effect on how nerves grow, by focusing solely on muscle and nerve tissue. The researchers grew mouse muscle cells into long fibers that then fused to form a small sheet of mature muscle tissue about the size of a quarter.

The team genetically modified the muscle to contract in response to light. With this modification, the team could flash a light repeatedly, causing the muscle to squeeze in response, in a way that mimicked the act of exercise. Raman previously developed a novel gel mat on which to grow and exercise muscle tissue. The gel’s properties are such that it can support muscle tissue and prevent it from peeling away as the researchers stimulated the muscle to exercise.

The team then collected samples of the surrounding solution in which the muscle tissue was exercised, thinking that the solution should hold myokines, including growth factors, RNA, and a mix of other proteins.

“I would think of myokines as a biochemical soup of things that muscles secrete, some of which could be good for nerves and others that might have nothing to do with nerves,” Raman says. “Muscles are pretty much always secreting myokines, but when you exercise them, they make more.”

“Exercise as medicine”

The team transferred the myokine solution to a separate dish containing motor neurons — nerves found in the spinal cord that control muscles involved in voluntary movement. The researchers grew the neurons from stem cells derived from mice. As with the muscle tissue, the neurons were grown on a similar gel mat. After the neurons were exposed to the myokine mixture, the team observed that they quickly began to grow, four times faster than neurons that did not receive the biochemical solution.

MIT scientists find that motor neuron growth increased significantly over 5 days in response to biochemical and mechanical signals related to exercise. The green ball represents cluster of neurons that grow outward in long tails, or axons.

Credit: Angel Bu

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“They grow much farther and faster, and the effect is pretty immediate,” Raman notes.

For a closer look at how neurons changed in response to the exercise-induced myokines, the team ran a genetic analysis, extracting RNA from the neurons to see whether the myokines induced any change in the expression of certain neuronal genes.

“We saw that many of the genes up-regulated in the exercise-stimulated neurons was not only related to neuron growth, but also neuron maturation, how well they talk to muscles and other nerves, and how mature the axons are,” Raman says. “Exercise seems to impact not just neuron growth but also how mature and well-functioning they are.”

The results suggest that biochemical effects of exercise can promote neuron growth. Then the group wondered: Could exercise’s purely physical impacts have a similar benefit?

“Neurons are physically attached to muscles, so they are also stretching and moving with the muscle,” Raman says. “We also wanted to see, even in the absence of biochemical cues from muscle, could we stretch the neurons back and forth, mimicking the mechanical forces (of exercise), and could that have an impact on growth as well?”

To answer this, the researchers grew a different set of motor neurons on a gel mat that they embedded with tiny magnets. They then used an external magnet to jiggle the mat — and the neurons — back and forth. In this way, they “exercised” the neurons, for 30 minutes a day. To their surprise, they found that this mechanical exercise stimulated the neurons to grow just as much as the myokine-induced neurons, growing significantly farther than neurons that received no form of exercise.

“That’s a good sign because it tells us both biochemical and physical effects of exercise are equally important,” Raman says.

Now that the group has shown that exercising muscle can promote nerve growth at the cellular level, they plan to study how targeted muscle stimulation can be used to grow and heal damaged nerves, and restore mobility for people who are living with a neurodegenerative disease such as ALS.

“This is just our first step toward understanding and controlling exercise as medicine,” Raman says. 

[jcmarchi]

When muscles work out, they help neurons to grow, a new study shows

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/when-muscles-work-out-they-help-neurons-to-grow-a-new-study-shows/

When muscles work out, they help neurons to grow, a new study shows

There’s no doubt that exercise does a body good. Regular activity not only strengthens muscles but can bolster our bones, blood vessels, and immune system.

Now, MIT engineers have found that exercise can also have benefits at the level of individual neurons. They observed that when muscles contract during exercise, they release a soup of biochemical signals called myokines. In the presence of these muscle-generated signals, neurons grew four times farther compared to neurons that were not exposed to myokines. These cellular-level experiments suggest that exercise can have a significant biochemical effect on nerve growth.

Surprisingly, the researchers also found that neurons respond not only to the biochemical signals of exercise but also to its physical impacts. The team observed that when neurons are repeatedly pulled back and forth, similarly to how muscles contract and expand during exercise, the neurons grow just as much as when they are exposed to a muscle’s myokines.

While previous studies have indicated a potential biochemical link between muscle activity and nerve growth, this study is the first to show that physical effects can be just as important, the researchers say. The results, which are published today in the journal Advanced Healthcare Materials, shed light on the connection between muscles and nerves during exercise, and could inform exercise-related therapies for repairing damaged and deteriorating nerves.

“Now that we know this muscle-nerve crosstalk exists, it can be useful for treating things like nerve injury, where communication between nerve and muscle is cut off,” says Ritu Raman, the Eugene Bell Career Development Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering at MIT. “Maybe if we stimulate the muscle, we could encourage the nerve to heal, and restore mobility to those who have lost it due to traumatic injury or neurodegenerative diseases.”

Raman is the senior author of the new study, which includes Angel Bu, Ferdows Afghah, Nicolas Castro, Maheera Bawa, Sonika Kohli, Karina Shah, and Brandon Rios of MIT’s Department of Mechanical Engineering, and Vincent Butty of MIT’s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research.

Muscle talk

In 2023, Raman and her colleagues reported that they could restore mobility in mice that had experienced a traumatic muscle injury, by first implanting muscle tissue at the site of injury, then exercising the new tissue by stimulating it repeatedly with light. Over time, they found that the exercised graft helped mice to regain their motor function, reaching activity levels comparable to those of healthy mice.

When the researchers analyzed the graft itself, it appeared that regular exercise stimulated the grafted muscle to produce certain biochemical signals that are known to promote nerve and blood vessel growth.

“That was interesting because we always think that nerves control muscle, but we don’t think of muscles talking back to nerves,” Raman says. “So, we started to think stimulating muscle was encouraging nerve growth. And people replied that maybe that’s the case, but there’s hundreds of other cell types in an animal, and it’s really hard to prove that the nerve is growing more because of the muscle, rather than the immune system or something else playing a role.”

In their new study, the team set out to determine whether exercising muscles has any direct effect on how nerves grow, by focusing solely on muscle and nerve tissue. The researchers grew mouse muscle cells into long fibers that then fused to form a small sheet of mature muscle tissue about the size of a quarter.

The team genetically modified the muscle to contract in response to light. With this modification, the team could flash a light repeatedly, causing the muscle to squeeze in response, in a way that mimicked the act of exercise. Raman previously developed a novel gel mat on which to grow and exercise muscle tissue. The gel’s properties are such that it can support muscle tissue and prevent it from peeling away as the researchers stimulated the muscle to exercise.

The team then collected samples of the surrounding solution in which the muscle tissue was exercised, thinking that the solution should hold myokines, including growth factors, RNA, and a mix of other proteins.

“I would think of myokines as a biochemical soup of things that muscles secrete, some of which could be good for nerves and others that might have nothing to do with nerves,” Raman says. “Muscles are pretty much always secreting myokines, but when you exercise them, they make more.”

“Exercise as medicine”

The team transferred the myokine solution to a separate dish containing motor neurons — nerves found in the spinal cord that control muscles involved in voluntary movement. The researchers grew the neurons from stem cells derived from mice. As with the muscle tissue, the neurons were grown on a similar gel mat. After the neurons were exposed to the myokine mixture, the team observed that they quickly began to grow, four times faster than neurons that did not receive the biochemical solution.

MIT scientists find that motor neuron growth increased significantly over 5 days in response to biochemical and mechanical signals related to exercise. The green ball represents cluster of neurons that grow outward in long tails, or axons.

Credit: Angel Bu

Previous item Next item

“They grow much farther and faster, and the effect is pretty immediate,” Raman notes.

For a closer look at how neurons changed in response to the exercise-induced myokines, the team ran a genetic analysis, extracting RNA from the neurons to see whether the myokines induced any change in the expression of certain neuronal genes.

“We saw that many of the genes up-regulated in the exercise-stimulated neurons was not only related to neuron growth, but also neuron maturation, how well they talk to muscles and other nerves, and how mature the axons are,” Raman says. “Exercise seems to impact not just neuron growth but also how mature and well-functioning they are.”

The results suggest that biochemical effects of exercise can promote neuron growth. Then the group wondered: Could exercise’s purely physical impacts have a similar benefit?

“Neurons are physically attached to muscles, so they are also stretching and moving with the muscle,” Raman says. “We also wanted to see, even in the absence of biochemical cues from muscle, could we stretch the neurons back and forth, mimicking the mechanical forces (of exercise), and could that have an impact on growth as well?”

To answer this, the researchers grew a different set of motor neurons on a gel mat that they embedded with tiny magnets. They then used an external magnet to jiggle the mat — and the neurons — back and forth. In this way, they “exercised” the neurons, for 30 minutes a day. To their surprise, they found that this mechanical exercise stimulated the neurons to grow just as much as the myokine-induced neurons, growing significantly farther than neurons that received no form of exercise.

“That’s a good sign because it tells us both biochemical and physical effects of exercise are equally important,” Raman says.

Now that the group has shown that exercising muscle can promote nerve growth at the cellular level, they plan to study how targeted muscle stimulation can be used to grow and heal damaged nerves, and restore mobility for people who are living with a neurodegenerative disease such as ALS.

“This is just our first step toward understanding and controlling exercise as medicine,” Raman says. 

[vivaaestheticclinic]

What Are the Best Options for Vitiligo Treatment in Mumbai?

Vitiligo treatment in Mumbai offers a variety of advanced options aimed at restoring skin pigmentation and managing the appearance of white patches. Mumbai is home to highly skilled dermatologists who specialize in vitiligo and provide individualized treatment plans based on the extent of the condition, skin type, and patient preferences.

Common treatments include topical therapies, such as corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors, which can help stimulate melanocyte activity in early-stage vitiligo. For more extensive cases, light-based therapies like Narrowband UVB phototherapy are popular, promoting repigmentation by exposing affected areas to controlled UV light. Additionally, procedures like excimer laser therapy offer targeted treatment for smaller patches, while surgical options, including skin grafts and cellular grafting, are effective for stable vitiligo cases.

Mumbai also offers holistic approaches, such as counseling and dietary recommendations, to help manage the psychological impact of vitiligo. With state-of-the-art facilities and comprehensive care, vitiligo treatment in Mumbai is equipped to address both the physical and emotional needs of individuals with this skin condition, improving their quality of life and confidence.

Vitiligo treatment in Mumbai typically involves four main stages:

Diagnosis and Assessment: Dermatologists evaluate the extent, type, and progression of vitiligo through physical exams and possibly a Wood's lamp test. This stage helps determine the best treatment plan tailored to the patient’s skin type and affected areas.

Topical Treatments: In early stages, topical creams like corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors are often used to slow the spread of depigmentation and encourage repigmentation in small, affected areas.

Phototherapy and Light-Based Treatments: For moderate to extensive vitiligo, Narrowband UVB phototherapy and excimer laser therapy are common. These therapies use targeted UV light to stimulate melanocyte cells and promote natural pigmentation over time.

Surgical Interventions: In stable cases, where vitiligo has not spread for a year or more, surgical options such as skin grafting or cellular grafting are considered. These techniques transfer pigmented skin or melanocyte cells to depigmented areas, helping restore skin color.

This multi-stage approach, tailored by Mumbai’s skilled dermatologists, provides comprehensive and personalized care to effectively manage vitiligo.

Dr. Deepam Shah at Viva Aesthetic Clinic recommends personalized precautions for vitiligo treatment, which may include using sun protection to prevent skin damage, avoiding skin trauma to reduce the spread of vitiligo patches, and following a prescribed regimen of topical treatments or phototherapy sessions. He also offers advanced procedures, such as excimer laser and skin grafting, tailored for each patient’s condition. For further details, you can visit the Viva Aesthetic Clinic’s vitiligo treatment page here.

For a quick overview of vitiligo treatment options in Mumbai with Dr. Deepam Shah, including expert insights and recommended procedures, check out his YouTube video here.

The Viva Aesthetic Clinic, where Dr. Deepam Shah practices, is located at Opera House, Mumbai. You can view the exact location here on Google Maps.

Directions:

Western Line: Take a train to Charni Road Station, then a short cab ride or a 10-minute walk to the clinic.

Central Line: Arrive at Mumbai CSMT (Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus) and take a cab (15-20 mins).

Out-of-Mumbai Patients: Travel to Mumbai CSMT or Mumbai Central; both stations are within a short cab ride from the clinic.

This makes it accessible by all major transport lines in Mumbai.

[edgepeptide]

What Are the Latest Advances in Regenerative Medicine?

In recent years, the field of regenerative medicine has witnessed remarkable advances, driven by innovations in science and technology. This multidisciplinary area focuses on repairing, replacing, or regenerating damaged tissues and organs, offering the promise of more effective treatments for a variety of medical conditions. As our understanding of cellular biology and the mechanisms of healing deepens, the potential for regenerative medicine to transform healthcare grows ever more tangible. This article explores some of the latest breakthroughs in regenerative medicine, highlighting their implications for future therapies and patient outcomes.

Stem Cell Therapies: Pioneering Tissue Repair

One of the most significant advancements in regenerative medicine is the use of stem cell therapies. Stem cells have the unique ability to differentiate into various cell types, making them invaluable for tissue repair and regeneration. Recent research has focused on harnessing the potential of both embryonic and adult stem cells to treat a range of conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disorders, and musculoskeletal injuries.

One of the key developments in this field is the application of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Scientists have discovered methods to reprogram adult cells into a pluripotent state, allowing them to develop into any cell type. This has opened new avenues for personalized medicine, as iPSCs can be derived from a patient’s own cells, reducing the risk of immune rejection and ethical concerns associated with embryonic stem cells. In clinical trials, iPSC-derived therapies have shown promise in treating conditions such as spinal cord injuries and retinal degenerative diseases, paving the way for future applications across various medical fields.

Tissue Engineering: Building Replacement Tissues

Another exciting area within regenerative medicine is tissue engineering, which involves the creation of artificial organs and tissues using a combination of cells, biomaterials, and growth factors. Recent advances in 3D bioprinting technology have revolutionized this field, enabling researchers to construct complex tissue structures with precision. By layering living cells and biomaterials, scientists can create functional tissues that mimic the natural architecture of human organs.

For instance, researchers have made significant strides in engineering skin, cartilage, and even vascular tissues. These engineered tissues can be used for transplantation, reducing the reliance on donor organs and addressing the shortage of available grafts. Additionally, tissue-engineered constructs can be utilized in drug testing and disease modeling, providing valuable insights into various conditions without the ethical concerns associated with animal testing.

Gene Therapy: Revolutionizing Treatment Approaches

Gene therapy represents another frontier in regenerative medicine, offering the potential to treat genetic disorders at their source. Advances in gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, have made it possible to precisely modify genes within living organisms. This revolutionary approach enables the correction of genetic mutations that cause diseases, opening new pathways for treatment.

Recent clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of gene therapies in treating conditions like hemophilia, muscular dystrophy, and certain forms of inherited blindness. By delivering corrected copies of genes or using gene editing techniques to repair faulty genes, researchers have made significant progress in restoring normal function in affected tissues. As the safety and efficacy of these therapies are further established, gene therapy may become a standard treatment option for a range of genetic disorders.

Exosome Therapy: Harnessing Cellular Communication

A relatively new area of research within regenerative medicine is the use of exosomes, which are small vesicles secreted by cells that play a crucial role in intercellular communication. Exosomes contain proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids that reflect the state of their parent cells, making them valuable for therapeutic applications. Recent studies have shown that exosomes derived from stem cells can promote tissue repair and regeneration by modulating inflammation, enhancing cell survival, and stimulating tissue regeneration.

The advantages of exosome therapy lie in their ability to facilitate communication between cells and promote healing without the need for direct cell transplantation. This approach has shown promise in treating conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and injuries. As research continues to uncover the mechanisms underlying exosome function, their potential as a therapeutic tool in regenerative medicine becomes increasingly evident.

Personalized Medicine: Tailoring Treatments for Individual Patients

The concept of personalized medicine is gaining traction within regenerative medicine, as advances in genomics and biotechnology allow for tailored therapeutic approaches. By analyzing an individual’s genetic makeup, researchers can identify specific biomarkers that predict treatment responses, enabling the development of targeted therapies.

In regenerative medicine, personalized approaches can optimize stem cell therapies, tissue engineering, and gene therapies. For example, by understanding a patient’s unique genetic profile and disease mechanisms, clinicians can select the most appropriate stem cell source or engineering strategy for tissue repair. This shift towards personalized medicine not only enhances treatment efficacy but also minimizes the risk of adverse effects, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Conclusion

The latest advances in regenerative medicine hold the promise of transforming healthcare by providing innovative solutions for tissue repair and regeneration. From stem cell therapies and tissue engineering to gene therapy and exosome therapy, these breakthroughs are paving the way for more effective treatments for a wide range of medical conditions. As research continues to evolve, the potential for personalized medicine to tailor regenerative therapies to individual patients will further enhance the effectiveness of these approaches.

Brands like Edge Peptide Therapy are at the forefront of this exciting field, offering access to cutting-edge therapies that harness the power of peptides and other regenerative technologies. By integrating the latest scientific advancements into therapeutic practices, they are committed to improving health outcomes and enriching the lives of individuals seeking recovery and rejuvenation. As regenerative medicine continues to advance, the future of healing appears brighter than ever, with the potential to change the landscape of medical treatment for years to come.

[insightfulblogz]

Bone Morphogenetic Protein Market Scope With Major Impacting Factors And Investment Study, 2032

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are essential growth factors that play a critical role in the formation, repair, and regeneration of bones. Discovered for their ability to stimulate new bone growth, BMPs have become integral to orthopedic and spinal surgery. By encouraging cellular signaling pathways that promote bone formation, BMPs are used in clinical settings to treat various bone injuries, defects, and degenerative conditions. As an alternative to traditional bone grafts, BMPs offer the advantage of accelerating bone healing and reducing the need for invasive procedures, making them an invaluable tool in regenerative medicine.

The Bone Morphogenetic Protein Market size was estimated at USD 0.53 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach USD 0.72 billion by 2032 with a growing CAGR of 3.50% during the forecast period of 2024-2032.

Future Scope

The future of BMP technology is promising, with ongoing research into more efficient delivery systems and broader applications. Innovations in controlled-release systems are enhancing the bioactivity of BMPs, allowing for sustained and targeted bone regeneration. Additionally, researchers are exploring the potential of BMPs in treating cartilage and ligament injuries, expanding their use beyond bone repair. As developments in biotechnology continue, BMPs are expected to become more accessible, providing effective treatment options for complex orthopedic cases, trauma recovery, and dental reconstruction.

Trends

Several trends are shaping the development and application of BMP technology. Controlled-release biomaterials are becoming popular for BMP delivery, providing prolonged release and maximizing therapeutic impact. There is also a shift toward personalized BMP therapy, where treatment is tailored based on a patient’s specific needs and condition. Advances in tissue engineering are further enhancing BMP applications, as 3D printing and scaffolding techniques are employed to support BMP-based bone regeneration. Collaborations between biotechnology firms and healthcare providers are accelerating BMP innovation, ensuring that these therapies meet clinical standards and patient needs.

Applications

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins are widely used in orthopedic and dental surgeries, where they promote bone growth and healing. In spinal fusion procedures, BMPs help to stimulate the fusion of vertebrae, reducing recovery time and improving outcomes. BMPs are also employed in fracture repair, especially for complex fractures that require enhanced bone regeneration. Furthermore, BMPs are utilized in dental applications, where they aid in bone growth for procedures such as implants and periodontal repair. With their ability to promote natural healing, BMPs provide a less invasive, effective alternative to traditional bone grafting.

Key Points

BMPs are growth factors essential for bone formation, widely used in orthopedic and spinal surgeries.

Applications extend to spinal fusion, fracture repair, and dental bone regeneration.

Trends include controlled-release delivery systems and personalized BMP therapies.

Future innovations are expanding BMP use in tissue engineering and complex bone reconstruction.

Get a Free Sample Copy of the Report: https://www.snsinsider.com/sample-request/4001 

Conclusion

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins are transforming the field of bone repair and regenerative medicine by providing a biologically driven approach to healing. With ongoing advancements in delivery systems and applications, BMP technology offers significant benefits in reducing recovery time, improving patient outcomes, and enabling minimally invasive treatments. As research and clinical applications continue to evolve, BMPs will play an increasingly prominent role in orthopedic and dental medicine, offering effective solutions for bone and tissue regeneration.

[darkmaga-returns]

The idea that one can reverse aging, especially in eye diseases like cataracts, is often dismissed as an unrealistic expectation. Yet, emerging research increasingly reveals that dietary interventions, particularly those involving nutrient-dense plant foods, can lead to remarkable improvements in health and longevity. Among these, wheatgrass stands out as a potent ally in the quest for vitality and longevity.

Wheatgrass, the young grass of the common wheat plant Triticum aestivum, has long been celebrated in natural health circles for its nutritional density and potential therapeutic benefits. However, recent scientific investigations are shedding light on its remarkable ability to influence cellular health and potentially reverse certain aspects of aging.

A Glimpse into Wheatgrass's Potential

A groundbreaking study published in the journal Biogerontology in 2005 titled "Aging reversibility: from thymus graft to vegetable extract treatment -- application to cure an age-associated pathology" provided compelling evidence for wheatgrass's ability to reverse lens opacity associated with cataracts.1 The researchers found:

This significant decrease in lens cloudiness over a relatively short period challenges the notion that cataract progression is an inevitable, irreversible process of aging. The study's authors proposed several mechanisms by which wheatgrass might exert its beneficial effects, including the presence of small regulatory acid peptides, high levels of energetic phosphoric radicals, and antioxidant molecules.

[jadhav1999]

best Homeopathy Treatment for Vitiligo

Vitiligo is a chronic skin condition characterized by the loss of pigmentation in certain areas, leading to white or lighter patches on the skin. While conventional treatments offer some options, modern homeopathy provides a holistic approach, aiming to address the root cause and promote natural healing.

What is Vitiligo?

Vitiligo is a skin condition where melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin (the pigment that gives skin its color), are either destroyed or stop functioning properly. This results in white patches appearing on the skin, which may gradually expand. These patches can develop anywhere on the body, including the face, hands, arms, and legs. While vitiligo isn’t physically harmful, it can deeply affect a person's self-esteem and emotional well-being due to its visible impact on appearance.

Causes of Vitiligo

The exact cause of vitiligo remains unclear, but it is generally associated with an autoimmune response where the immune system mistakenly attacks melanocytes. Some predisposing and precipitating factors include:

Predisposing Factors:

Hormonal imbalances

Family history of vitiligo

Conditions like hypothyroidism, diabetes, alopecia areata, and cancer

Precipitating Factors:

Pressure from tight clothing

Occupational hazards (e.g., exposure to certain chemicals)

Long-term use of certain medications

Symptoms of Vitiligo

White Patches: Discolored areas of skin, which may expand over time.

Hair Discoloration: Hair in affected areas may turn white or gray.

Sun Sensitivity: Affected skin may be more sensitive to sunlight and prone to irritation.

Conventional Treatment for Vitiligo

Conventional treatments primarily focus on managing the symptoms and preventing the spread of white patches. These include:

Corticosteroid Creams: Used to reduce inflammation and promote repigmentation.

PUVA Therapy: Combining psoralen (a plant-based compound) with UVA light to stimulate pigment production.

Skin Grafting: Transplanting healthy skin to affected areas in severe cases.

Modern Homeopathy Treatment for Vitiligo

Modern homeopathy offers a natural, non-invasive approach to managing vitiligo by stimulating the body's immune system and activating melanin production. Unlike conventional treatments, homeopathy aims to address the root cause of the condition and improve the overall well-being of the patient.

Key Features of Modern Homeopathic Treatment:

Root-Cause Approach: Homeopathy works at the cellular level, aiming to reverse the pathology by addressing the underlying causes of vitiligo, such as autoimmune imbalances or hormonal disturbances.

Pain-Free and Side-Effect-Free: Homeopathic remedies are gentle, non-toxic, and free from side effects, making them suitable for long-term use.

Boosts Immunity: Homeopathic formulations help strengthen the immune system, promoting natural healing and helping prevent the recurrence of the condition.

Personalized Care: Treatments are tailored to each patient’s unique symptoms, health profile, and emotional state. This personalized approach enhances the effectiveness of the treatment.

Process of Homeopathic Treatment for Vitiligo:

Consultation: A detailed assessment of the patient's physical, emotional, and psychological health is conducted to select appropriate remedies.

Holistic Remedies: Homeopathic remedies are selected to improve both skin health and overall well-being, ensuring a holistic healing process.

Lifestyle and Dietary Recommendations: Along with remedies, patients may receive lifestyle and diet suggestions to support skin health and maintain balance.

Advantages of Modern Homeopathic Treatment for Vitiligo

Natural and Safe: Homeopathic remedies are made from natural ingredients and are free of chemicals, ensuring a gentle treatment with no side effects.

Whole-Person Approach: Homeopathy doesn't just treat the symptoms but focuses on improving overall health, taking into account both physical and emotional well-being.

Enhanced Quality of Life: By improving overall health and immunity, homeopathy helps patients manage vitiligo effectively while enhancing their quality of life.

Conclusion

Vitiligo can have a profound impact on a person’s appearance and emotional well-being. While conventional treatments offer certain remedies, modern homeopathy provides a comprehensive and personalized approach to managing the condition. By addressing the root cause and supporting overall health, homeopathy offers an effective way to manage vitiligo naturally.

If you or someone you know is looking for a holistic and gentle approach to managing vitiligo, consider consulting with a homeopathy expert. With proper care and treatment, it is possible to improve skin condition, enhance well-being, and lead a healthier life.

VISIT SITE -

[drgauravkharya]

Treatment of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation

Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDDs) are a diverse group of genetic disorders characterized by defects in the immune system. These disorders result in a heightened susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Effective management of PIDDs is crucial for improving the quality of life and survival of affected individuals. Among various treatment options, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach, offering the potential for a cure for many patients with severe forms of PIDD.

Understanding Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases

PIDDs arise from inherited genetic mutations that impair the development or function of immune cells, such as T cells, B cells, or phagocytes. These conditions are classified based on the specific immune system components affected. Common examples include Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID), X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (XLA), and Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD).

SCID, often referred to as "bubble boy" disease, is characterized by the absence of functional T and B lymphocytes, leading to a severely compromised immune response. XLA is a condition where individuals lack functional B cells, leading to an inability to produce antibodies. CGD involves defects in the ability of phagocytes to kill certain bacteria and fungi.

Treatment Approaches

The management of PIDDs involves a combination of supportive care and specific therapies aimed at correcting the underlying immune defect. Traditional treatments include:

1. Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy:For conditions like XLA, regular intravenous or subcutaneous infusions of immunoglobulin can provide the missing antibodies, thus reducing the frequency and severity of infections.

2. Antibiotic Prophylaxis:Prophylactic antibiotics can prevent infections in individuals with compromised immune systems.

3. Gene Therapy:An emerging treatment option, gene therapy involves correcting the genetic defect responsible for the PIDD. This approach is still under development and has shown promising results in clinical trials for some disorders.

4. Stem Cell Transplantation:Also known as bone marrow transplantation (BMT), this is a definitive treatment for many severe PIDDs.

5. Bone Marrow Transplantation: Bone marrow transplant involves replacing the defective bone marrow or stem cells of an individual with healthy ones from a donor. This procedure can potentially cure or significantly improve the symptoms of PIDDs. The process can be broken down into several key steps:

1. Pre-Transplant Evaluation: Before the transplant, a thorough evaluation is performed to assess the patient's overall health and suitability for the procedure. This includes blood tests, imaging studies, and sometimes a biopsy.

2. Conditioning Regimen:Patients undergo a conditioning regimen, which involves high-dose chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy to eradicate the defective bone marrow and suppress the immune system. This step is crucial to prevent the recipient's body from rejecting the transplanted cells.

3. Stem Cell Infusion: Healthy stem cells, obtained from a compatible donor (usually a sibling or unrelated donor), are infused into the patient. These stem cells migrate to the bone marrow and begin to produce new, healthy blood cells.

4. Post-Transplant Care:After the transplant, patients require close monitoring and supportive care to manage potential complications, such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), infections, and organ dysfunction. Immunosuppressive medications are given to prevent the immune system from attacking the transplanted cells.

Outcomes and Considerations

Bone marrow transplantation can be highly effective, offering a potential cure for many severe PIDDs. Success rates vary depending on the specific disorder, the age of the patient, and the compatibility of the donor. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are critical for optimizing outcomes.

However, BMT is not without risks. Potential complications include GVHD, where the donor's immune cells attack the recipient's tissues, and long-term issues such as endocrine disorders or secondary malignancies. Ongoing research aims to improve the safety and efficacy of BMT, including the development of less toxic conditioning regimens and better methods for matching donors. It is very important to search best BMT centrefor good results.

Conclusion

The treatment of primary immunodeficiency diseases has evolved significantly, with bone marrow transplantation emerging as a potentially curative option for many severe cases. While supportive therapies and gene therapy continue to play important roles, BMT offers hope for a definitive cure and an improved quality of life for affected individuals. Continued advancements in medical research and technology are essential to further enhance the success and safety of these treatments, ultimately providing better outcomes for patients with PIDDs.

[creativeera]

Acellular Dermal Matrices: An Overview of Skin Grafting Materials

Acellular dermal matrices, also known as acellular cadaveric dermal allografts, are tissue grafting materials derived from human donated skin that have had the cellular components removed. The remaining dermal collagen and protein matrix provides a scaffold for tissue regeneration and wound healing. Acellular dermal matrices are commonly used in plastic and reconstructive surgeries as alternatives to autografts. Processing and Types of Acellular Dermal Matrices To create an acellular dermal matrix, donated skin undergoes an extensive processing and sterilization protocol to remove donor cells while preserving the collagen structure and biochemical components. This is typically done through repeated cycles of freezing, thawing, and rinsing in detergents. Acellular Dermal Matrices processing leaves behind an acellular, non-immunogenic dermal scaffold. There are a few main types of acellular cadaveric dermal allografts used in surgery based on their intended applications and processing methods: - Thicker sheets for tissue repair and reconstruction, like AlloDerm and FlexHD. These have a dermal thickness of 1-2mm. - Thinner, malleable sheets for contouring soft tissue defects, like AlloMax. These have a dermal thickness of 0.6mm or less. - Custom-shaped grafts that are specially processed and carved to fit specific anatomical sites. Clinical Applications of Acellular Dermal Matrices Breast Reconstruction: acellular cadaveric dermal allografts are commonly used in two-stage tissue expander/implant-based breast reconstruction to help fill dead space, create an integrated pocket, and improve cosmetic outcomes. They reduce capsular contracture rates. Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: Used to repair complex hernias and defects of the abdominal wall by reinforcing weak tissues and preventing recurrence. Provides strength and durability. Facial Reconstruction: Used for contouring facial contour deformities caused by trauma, infection, or cancer resection. Provides a malleable scaffold for soft tissue regeneration. Other applications include repairs of burn wounds, scar revisions, and other soft tissue defects. The acellular collagen matrix promotes revascularization and soft tissue ingrowth. Get more insights on Acellular Dermal Matrices

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About Author:

Money Singh is a seasoned content writer with over four years of experience in the market research sector. Her expertise spans various industries, including food and beverages, biotechnology, chemical and materials, defense and aerospace, consumer goods, etc. (https://www.linkedin.com/in/money-singh-590844163)