#CONSTANT racist microaggressions

[almostempty]

making this community inhospitable to racists does not mean posting another quarterly “fuck off racists” tag pls take a breath slow down and be serious for a minute instead of doing the circle jerk of performative outrage

If you have to clarify on your blog that you don’t want racists reading your fics think long and hard about that. Is that bumper sticker activism statement the ONLY thing alerting them that they’re unwelcome? Do you think they feel represented or find your blog relatable without that statement attached? It’s not about if you think you’re a good person or not

we’ve got an echo chamber of hypersensitive white women upholding the racist, colonial, patriarchal standard in their fics, in their art, in their reblogs, in their actions behaviors and the circles they cling to and strategically try to profit off of (in the form of attention bc literally what else are you getting from this???)

Who do you think is benefiting at the end of the day from the idolized trope of the small fragile quiet white coded female reader x hyper sexualized Latino ?

(Spoiler the answer isn’t even white women …it’s white men; they’re still the ones on top at the intersection of racism, imperialism, capitalism, and patriarchy.. don’t play yourself, they (systemically) want you to eat that shit up so they can keep their power)

instead of telling racists to get off your blog, stop catering to narratives that are designed to make white women feel comfy and special EVEN IF THAT MAKES YOU FEEL UNCOMFORTABLE

if it makes it hard for you to enjoy the fandom when you actively choose not to read those fics or engage with content that perpetuates the same stereotypes and you suddenly feel starved for content that’s the point, don’t let it go over your head

making the space inhospitable to racists means doing everything with intention so they CANNOT see themselves in the fics you write AND reblog, in the art, in the tags, or as your friend

the loud hate coming from anons is NOT going to be swayed by these posts

but you can change YOUR behavior to lessen the constant barrage of microaggressions our bipoc peers get pelted with when they open this app by not contributing or promoting more of the same

It’s like the same way ‘boundaries’ have been misconstrued from therapy speak, like you don’t set boundaries by telling someone else what they can’t do ..you set boundaries through YOUR actions.

Yell that you hate racism all day I guess, but if you’re gonna keep sharing work filled with racial stereotypes and hegemonic colonial masculinity disguised as kink, or putting white women on a pedestal then you’re still providing space for racists to feel cozy and justified and I’m so serious about that

Here have more to read:

What Fandom Racism Looks Like: Racist Fanworks, Done Out of Spite

What if we improved fandom somewhat?

From the second link:

If these posts annoy you say it out loud so *I* can remove *you* from my blog bc i don’t expect y’all to leave on your own bc that would require self-awareness

[official-saul-goodman]

This is mainly my observation as a non black person watching the reactions of other non black people and especially white people to the show Interview With The Vampire, they are a result of a fundamental misunderstanding regarding the idea of horror.

in a world of white dominated hollywood horror movies that mostly contain gore and white familial tragedy and abuse, none of which ever ever include the concept of race, misogyny and homophobia, racialised misogyny, and racialised homophobia- people cannot digest a horror tv show wherein the main character is a black man who is always and forever a victim of systematic, social, and microaggressive racism. people, specifically white people, have always been uncomfortable with being shown the extent of anti black racism in a way that isnt heavily sanitised or sympathetic to the white cause. to white people, the genre of horror simply does not include race cause they have not experienced the horrors of colonialist genocidal white supremacist anti black racism. and i highlight anti black racism because it is the subject of the show, as well as being a topic that is discussed vaguely by non black people while still being the most perpetuated form of racism from a global standpoint.

to white people especially, as the people who are responsible for the worst crimes committed against black people, anti blackness is just one of life's constants that should not be addressed directly or in detail, so to depict anti black racism so openly as a part of the genre of horror is incomprehensible to them. they dont want to be shown even a smidgen of exactly the kind of shit their ancestors and peers are responsible for, cause horror to them must just be things that they relate to and nothing regarding race at all cause it causes them to confront their comfortable positions. this is the same reason why you see white people saying jordan peele's movies are 'too hard to understand' despite being very easy to understand.

horror to people of colour is a concept that intrinsically includes racialised violence, its a constant presence like a rusted nail hovering near an open wound. and white people reject this. which is why they decided to degrade and miscontrue the purpose of iwtv and call it 'just another self important show thats racist and not worth watching'. cause to them horror is meant to be enjoyable, they want limbs chopped off not the actions of their white ancestors coming back to remind and haunt them. even though horror is a genre that is meant to fill you with... horror. horror to white people does not include the politics of racism, cause they see horror as an apolitical genre (obviously incorrect when everything and the kitchen sink is political naturally).

to the people of color, it is a moment of feeling seen, to see a main character ( a flawed man a pained man) experience the horror of all round racial discrimination, to see the horror of him being dismissed and exploited by the white people around him, the moment of witnessing yourself in the other when you see Louis and Claudia being so utterly sabotaged by so many forces, the way they are pushed to making irreversible devastating decisions cause they think they have no other choice to achieve an escape from a multitude of things they suffer through, the manipulation and abuse they had to become accustomed to. this is the horror, the horror of being immortalised against your will and lack of choices you were given, the horror of being forced to be subjected to racialised misogynistic and homophobic violence for eternity. being forced to live with all these memories and no means of forgetting. all this while enduring the way a white man belittles them for even suggesting that he might be racist while he expresses racist micro agressions (both lestat and daniel). this is real horror that hits home, horror you want to devour as a person of colour cause you want to see more of this story continue, to see what becomes of this living limbo that Louis, Claudia, and eventually Armand have to go through.

and as most white people cannot fathom this, cannot relate, they dismiss this version of horror that focuses on racism as a core element from the perspective of a black man and forever young black girl. they dismiss the show as just being tone deaf colour blind casting cause they didnt even see the trailer or try to understand this show. the white guilt is a shield they use to defend themselves against the frank and honest depiction of anti black racism from the perspective of a black man. they do not want to understand. they want sanitised, digestible depictions of racism so the horror remains fun for them.

even though this show is literally categorised as horror, and has all the hallmarks of classic horror including the camp styling, the blood, the gore, the supernatural, and the violence - the single fact that the show's core theme is based around racism from the perspective of a gay black vampire man is enough for them to declassify as horror in their minds. cause people of colour and especially black gay men must always be shown as having a good time to dissuade the guilt of white people and their responsibility is establishing the systems that oppress gay black men. speak no evil, see no evil, hear no evil, and the evil is not there anymore.

i may have more thoughts on this that i'll express later but thats all i have for now.

[fitsofdespair]

i have hesitated to say anything before now. in part because i removed myself from fandom discourse and really from actively discussing iwtv a year ago. i consider it all a lose-lose situation.

but also because i’m generally of the opinion that black fans don’t need people to be their white saviors, least of all me. black people have never been saved by white people. they were never just given anything when it comes to strides in equality, they fought for it and still fight for it, against constant violent pushback every step of the way. only instead of the good ole’ days when racists just called those fighting for equality uppity, they’re now “bullies” for daring to call you out on your shit after the repeated condescension and the resulting harassment you’ve exhibited towards them.

in this day and age the word bully has zero meaning anymore. i mean come on, melania trump calls people mean about her husband bullies. elon musk thinks he’s being bullied by twitter users, though he clearly holds all the power and is absolutely the problem. its become a meaningless word that goliaths use to call davids because they won’t use the real word they actually want to say. some of these popular blogs are not being bullied, they’re being held accountable for their own actions.

it’s pretty disgusting the number of you who decided to identify strongly with these users that not only fail to question their own racial biases but have gone so far as to suggest black people don’t face racism anymore. this is so fucked. tbh it can be argued in many ways white people, especially in the deep south where i’m from, are inherently raised steeped in racism, even if its not direct. just because your family aren’t ostensibly racist doesn’t mean they didn’t bake their own little prejudices into your upbringing and being raised in your environment didn’t encourage them. even if you don’t see yourself as racist, you have to unlearn all this shit, even if it never once occurred to you that you are part of it. just cause you believe in equality and don’t hate people for their color or cultural background does not make you free of perpetuating microaggressions against them. this applies to fans across the world of course. (like for you white euro iwtv fans, you may say you have no problem with black people but i’ve heard some wild things some of yall have to say about the turks.)

i understand that probably half or more of you are not usamericans. but no matter what environment you live in, no matter where you were raised, there is no excuse for your behavior. just because YOU don’t see racism in your day to day life or are in the more likely situation, too blindly comfortable in your place in society to notice it right in front of your face, doesn’t mean it doesn’t exist as a constant presence in other parts of the world or isn’t deeply ensconced in online rhetoric.

so for you white iwtv fans who can’t be fucked to mention let alone defend people you, in many cases once called friend, against the absolute horseshit your current comrades are spewing wrapped up in their nice safe cocoons of victimhood, i hope you do some serious soul searching to figure out if this is who you are, a person too cowardly to call out a friend because it might cost you their friendship. a person quick to condemn others on hearsay because you couldn’t be fucked to wonder am i on the right side of this? and if you do manage to get wise and change your mind, remember its not unforgivable to say, you know what? i was wrong. i wrote in an old post that the hallmark of being a functional adult is changing your views accordingly when you learn new information or even just ruminate on what you know (i myself was a little bitch about ep 5 when it first dropped until i had to sit down and ask myself why i was actually feeling some kind of way about it). dying on a hill is not all its cracked up to be. being told you’re wrong is not always a personal attack and its often an opportunity for improvement if you can be bothered to genuinely hear other people out. an alarming number from all walks of life never figure that out. for my part, i am still learning and hope i never stop learning.

while that sentiments all nice and gooey (i mean them, but i understand its still sacharine to put out there), i am still guilty for not having directly written anything about this until now. and thats on me and i earned any flack i get for that. again, i am more of the mindset that black people don’t need white spokespeople, but that doesn’t mean they'll mind allies. and as a sidebar, going out of your way to say you are rising “above the noise” or “ignoring the drama” is absolutely your right, but it does not make you superior. it just makes you complacent with the status quo. i mean as long as you get to squee!! about anything and everything who cares about other people, right?

[cleoselene]

the most soul-crushing thing, honestly about living in a red state is how mean everyone is

like, the "southern hospitality" thing is a fucking lie. It's mostly people being passive-aggressive and phony as fuck. You got gigantic fucking trucks weaving in an out of traffic like absolute psychopaths. You're bombarded with horrible racist imagery like confederate flags or monuments to confederate TRAITORS or maybe you're like me and the name of the town where you live is the name of the Civil War Confederate fort and it sits in Lee County, as in Robert E.

sometimes I'll do something casually nice for someone and they'll act so fucking shocked and overwhelmed that anyone gives a shit

and likewise, my mother, who has spent the entirety of her life living in conservative areas, when she visited me in Portland and was like "why is everyone here so nice? Even in traffic they're nice!" and I was like "because they're not Republicans." Why do Canadians get stereotyped as nice by Americans? BECAUSE THEY'RE NOT FUCKING REPUBLICANS. Like sure they got conservatives over there but they're more Pacific Northwest in political vibe than Florida, ya feel?

Like she is so attached to this god-forsaken place and she puts up with the constant microaggressions and open hostility from the largest, most small-penis compensating trucks on the road and random people, she doesn't even realize she's surrounded by fucking assholes.

I realize this might be a hot take for tumblr who frequently loves to defend the Honor of the South but go fucking whistle Dixie elsewhere. This place sucks, and it sucks because the MAJORITY of people here fucking suck and vote for terrible people. Accept it. I'm a Democrat in a red state and I've accepted that my neighbors are NOT my fucking friends. I've FELT IT and OBSERVED IT as a disabled woman that no one in this fucking state gives a shit about me when I'm obviously in some kind of distress unless they are not white. Black and brown people are the only people who I don't eye with immediate suspicion.

I don't care if your fucking Nana raised orphans and knitted clothes for them herself if she's a fucking Republican she's a bitch

[cantsayidont]

I think setting STAR TREK: DISCOVERY and STRANGE NEW WORLDS in the TOS era was a questionable idea for a variety of reasons, but one of the more troublesome is their treatment of Spock, which opens some cans of worms I don't think there would have been a good way to handle even if the writers weren't intent on making bad and reactionary creative choices in other areas.

In TOS, most of the Enterprise crew, and really the majority of the Starfleet characters we're shown, are exceedingly racist to Spock with disconcerting regularity. Of the regular cast, I think the only ones who aren't overtly nasty to Spock at least some of the time are probably Uhura and Sulu; they get frustrated with him at certain points, but generally because he's a difficult and inflexible supervisor rather than due to racial animus. A lot of the rest of the crew is openly hostile, and McCoy routinely addresses him with slurs in front of the bridge crew. Kirk tolerates and sometimes participates in this racist abuse, and the only times he seems to take it very seriously are when it threatens to become an operational problem (as in "Balance of Terror"). The main feature that comes to characterize the bond that develops between Kirk and Spock is not that Kirk is significantly more tolerant, but that he will usually (not always) at least listen to Spock's point of view, which the rest of the crew is very reluctant to do (most pointedly in "The Galileo Seven"), and can be persuaded to respect his judgment, which Spock values even though Kirk's attitude and behavior still often make him uncomfortable.

This kind of space-racism toward nonhuman Federation citizens is not necessarily a structural element of STAR TREK (unlike anti-indigenous racism, which definitely is), but it is a structural element of Spock's character. Spock spends a lot of TOS teetering on the brink of a nervous breakdown, and it's tempting (though not canonical) to read his decision to pursue Kolinhar in the beginning of STAR TREK: THE MOTION PICTURE as a response to the stress of being on the Enterprise (fleeing to become a monk!). Even where Spock is not enduring racial slurs and constant microaggressions, you can see how that treatment, both in his youth on Vulcan and as an adult in Starfleet, has shaped his personality. Indeed, this is something I think to which fans of Spock have responded strongly over the years, because his alienation and stress are very relatable for LGBT people, people of color, Muslim and Jewish people (despite STAR TREK's canonical antisemitism and Islamophobia), and autistic people. This doesn't mean STAR TREK stories necessarily have to show Spock being tormented, which is often painful to watch, but if Spock had not been tormented in these ways, he would be a very different person than the character viewers know and love.

Making Spock a regular in DISCOVERY and later STRANGE NEW WORLDS thus presents the writers with a problem: Treating Spock the way he's treated in TOS would be uncomfortable, but avoiding it creates a tension with TOS that the newer shows obviously don't know how to resolve.

Prior to ENTERPRISE, the general presumption about the TOS era (which is stated as fact in some of the novels) was that having mixed-species crews is relatively new for Starfleet, and that the problems Spock faces stem from his colleagues never having lived and worked with an "alien" before and not knowing how to not be weird about it. (ENTERPRISE essentially transferred that idea to Archer's era, where T'Pol gets similar treatment.) In DISCO and SNW, however, we see that many Starfleet vessels have mixed crews, including officers (like Saru) who are much more obviously nonhuman than Spock is, and have for a while. So, how are we to read the events of TOS, with which DISCO and SNW still want to (uneasily) coexist? Is Kirk's Enterprise just a lot more racist than Pike's? That's possible, I guess, but how many STAR TREK fans really want to canonize the idea that Kirk and his crew are unusually intolerant by Starfleet standards? Are we to presume that SNW means to soft-retcon the hostility and constant microaggressions Spock experiences in TOS, shifting the entire onus for his twitchy alienation to his upbringing on Vulcan and to Sarek (who DISCO reiterates is a tremendous dick)? That would be sadly consistent with the disdain with which modern STAR TREK media treats Vulcan (and with the antisemitism of the modern shows), but it's a pretty bitter pill for anyone who thinks Vulcans are neat or cool, which used to be an uncontroversial majority opinion among STAR TREK viewers and writers.

The more sensible answer would have been to just dodge the issue entirely by staying further away from TOS and the period in which it takes place. There are other periods of the TREK timeline that are still largely unexplored (like the early 24th century era of the Enterprise-C), and there's always the option of moving further forward in time, as DISCOVERY eventually did. However, CBS seems very insistent on making heavy-handed appeals to nostalgia that require riding the coattails of TOS, even where that just doesn't seem like a good idea creatively.

My sense with DISCOVERY and SNW is that the producers would really like to simply redo TOS in a manner more consistent with their current vision, but that the decidedly mixed reactions to the alternate timeline JJ Abrams movies has made them gunshy about just declaring that openly. So, it seems they're instead trying to back into it with a kind of death-by-a-thousand-retcons approach, seeking to sand off both the uncomfortable aspects of TOS and stuff the producers and/or the network don't like (like Spock's gay-coding — SNW's determination to no-homo him is pronounced, albeit unpersuasive). I think I would find that vexing even if the producers' vision weren't frequently more jingoistic and racist than TOS, which it often is.

[religion-is-a-mental-illness]

Why Students Are Miserable: The Coddling of the American Mind

John Stossel: Over the past 10 years, many colleges went mad. They charge students big bucks and then make them feel guilty. This is what happened to Lucy Kross Williams at Stanford.

Lucy Kross Williams: I was anxious. I felt guilty constantly. I couldn't stop thinking about the whole white privilege thing.

Stossel: Kimi Katiti attended The Art Institutes of California.

Kimi Katiti: I feel like I lost my life for like six years.

Stossel: This new documentary, “The Coddling of the American Mind,” argues that today, more young people are anxious and depressed because adults at their schools brainwashed them.

Kimi: I was full of self-confidence when I was 18, but while I was in college, that disintegrated.

Stossel: Kimi was taught she was a victim.

Kimi: I was introduced to ideas such as microaggressions.

VO: Have you heard or even said any of these common microaggressions? Wow, you're so articulate! Can I touch your hair?

Kimi: I began to see myself through the lens of black and a woman. If I see someone, like, coming up with their dog, for example, and the dog’s barking at me. I could interpret that as a racist, microaggression on the part of both the dog and the dog walker. I was like, the world's a lot darker than I thought it was. In order to kind of compete and get the best grades, I sort of showed how much of a victim I was in order to impress my professors.

Stossel: She thought that was wrong, but she didn’t push back.

Kimi: I thought, I'm paying a lot. So, they're definitely teaching me like, the golden rules for life.

Chant: Ben Shapiro, go to hell!

screaming hysterically

Stossel: Those rules included censoring speech by conservatives, like Ben Shapiro. Kimi joined the mob trying to get Shapiro’s posts blocked on Twitter. She kept sending complaints to Twitter’s censors.

Kimi: I would sit down all the way through the night. I'll try again. Try again.

Stossel: At Stanford, Lucy was taught that Shapiro's ideas put black, brown, trans, queer, Muslim students at risk.

Lucy: My first thought was like, this is extreme. This is ridiculous. And then I sort of, there was the, well you're privileged, you're white.

Stossel: She was taught that a good person:

Lucy: Didn't read too many books by white authors or listen to the wrong kind of music. I was really torn on rap because I didn't know if that was appropriation or appreciation.

Stossel: To be accepted, she changed the way she spoke.

Lucy: When I started to use the vocabulary of like, marginalized, intersectional, hegemonic, blah, blah, blah. People just kind of smiled a little bit more. And I started feeling like I was, I was part of an in-group.

Stossel: But a few years later she concluded:

Lucy: These set of thought processes was really unhealthy and was making me miserable.

Greg Lukianoff: Administrators teach students that they're fragile and in constant danger and can be permanently harmed by words. This is not a kind or compassionate thing to teach people.

Stossel: Greg Lukianoff co-wrote “The Coddling of the American Mind.” Years ago, he suffered from suicidal depression. Therapy helped him, but now:

Lukianoff: I'm looking on campus and I'm like, wow, it’s kind of like administrators are telling students to catastrophize, to do all these things that I was taught not to do.

Stossel: This is amplified by required courses that divide students into "oppressed" or "oppressor."

Lukianoff: Colleges provide websites and phone numbers so students can report people who offend them.

Stossel: And lots of people offend them.

Chant: "Racist, sexist, anti-gay, Charles Murray go away!"

Jonathan Haidt: In 2012, there was none of this.

Stossel: Coddling coauthor Jonathan Haidt:

Haidt: And by 2014, 2015, there was a lot of it.

screaming hysterically

Activist: What about our protection, right now!

Stossel: At this college they:

Haidt: Basically, took the president of the university hostage. They wouldn't even let him go to the bathroom. It wasn't about learning, it wasn't about exposure to ideas. It was about this battle between good and evil.

Stossel: This new censorship was supposed to help minorities, but they too were often punished. Saeed Malami spoke at a protest.

Saeed Malami: I go up there, you know, feeling all cool with myself. I was like, you know, blackness is not a skin color. It's an attitude to life. If you're white, you can be black. If you're black, you can be purple or whatever it is. I'm like everyone can be black. And what happened after that? A lot of people I thought I was tight with just stopped talking to me.

Stossel: So instead of saying, "I’m no victim," he shut up.

Saeed: What I thought to be true, I would keep in my head and then say something else.

Stossel: Doing that makes other students dumber.

Haidt: Other people challenging us, make us smart. Cancel culture is like a way of shooting yourself in the brain.

Stossel: For Kimi, a turning point was when she went to a skatepark in a conservative neighborhood.

Kimi: Are they going to hate that a black woman’s in their territory? Will they literally pick up a skateboard and attack me?

Stossel: The park was in Orange County, California.

Kimi: I was afraid of Orange County to begin with, just because it was notoriously conservative. So, just going into Orange County was kind of scary for me.

Stossel: But at the park, Kimi found the county was not evil as she’d feared.

Kimi: This was a really great place. That was when I knew there was a way that I was looking at the world, that wasn’t right. I was the one inflicting pain on myself. And it was robbing me of happiness.

Lukianoff: It's really important to have great sympathy for younger people today because they're just doing what older people are telling them. Like this idea that they're always in constant danger, that words will permanently harm them and that they're much more fragile than they actually are.

Lucy: When I was a social justice advocate, I was tired, miserable, pessimistic.

Kimi: Now that I'm out of that and I'm thinking for myself, I'm much happier.

Lucy: I wasn't really sure what the alternative was until a friend sent me a link.

Stossel: To this YouTube channel where black scholars said things she’d never heard.

John McWhorter: The whole business of black men being at a unique risk of being killed by white cops is vastly distorted.

Lucy: I was astonished to find that, like, there were black thinkers writing about race and sharing ideas that I never heard on campus. This whole new world of ideas has opened up to me and it was so exciting to feel like I was thinking for myself again.

Stossel: “Coddling” is a good introduction to how some of today’s schools harm students. This video was just a taste, there’s more in the full documentary and you can find that at thecoddlingmovie.com

--

[fae-morrigan]

It's crazy how just a few years ago people were so mean about Jay and acting like everyone else in fandom hated Jay as much as they did, but now there are people who don't even care that much about Jay jumping in to defend him and call out racism. It's relieving honestly.

HONESTLY.

I remember 2022-2023. I remember being thrown under the bus by the Other canon gay ship, repeatedly. I remember when Ash showed up, was annoying and poorly written by a racist, and people immediately fawned over him because he was white and more conventionally attractive. I remember the constant comments about the bowl cut that bordered on tbh a microaggression. The homophobia/thinly veiled desire to call him a faggot (instead resorting to 'twink'... hes not even). Calling him "kpop boy". the constant dmjn fanarts about how unattractive/unappealing Jay is.

Now he has more fans than ever and if you try and say shit like that about him you'll almost certainly get jumped by SOMEONE. Its refreshing.

[cancerian-woman]

people don’t want to understand bonnie fans because they don’t want to touch or even acknowledge any sort of racism. either they fear being seen as racist OR don’t want their opinion of the show tainted and wake up to the fact that that so many other people regard their favorite show with disdain lol

(it’s (mostly) all about image! it’s the same with how people call damon a rapist regarding season 1. It’s a bad look to stan him so it’s best to deflect, deny, be delusional, attack and try to bully people out.)

i do love the show but i do hope and pray something (a book or show) done by someone who is more socially aware replaces tvd for me. nothing hits what tvd did idk

anyway about fandom, i just stick to tumblr now. i was on the tvd subreddit for a couple years and it was exhausting when it came to bonnie. it’s sad but im way too sensitive regarding her so i stick to my bubble 😢

You’d be right. Fandoms can be very white centered. Some people choose to willingly be ignorant to harmful tropes that are pushed in media period.

I’ve met so many Damon stans that act like that through that subreddit 😭. They deny it ever happened and argue he would not do such things when we were shown. I do blame a bit of that on the writing. Ex: Chuck from GG had to have his predatory ass behavior addressed while making him an LI. But Julie/Caroline Dries is the head of the Damon/DE fan-club in this regard so they’ll never. Will never forget them insulting Elena just to bash Bonnie/Bamon the year after Julie’s “apology” for telling POC stories incorrectly. I would say apology to Kat but she didn’t even say her name in the “apology.” To my knowledge Ian is the only one who said Damon was a rapist.

I left that subreddit too. It felt like a cyber-microaggression. Just off the top of my head I remember the Bonnie is racist to Caroline debacles, the claims that because Bonnie was disliked back in 09-10 that’s why Kat never got screentime and the “Kat shouldn’t complain about her hair on TVD if she’s going to wear weaves…” situation. That’s not even the tip of iceberg.

The TO subreddit is just as bad if not worse. The arguments about Marcel as if he’s devil himself. The constant battle boarding and the fans who developed a superiority complex the way the Mikaelson’s have. You’d think this was a well-written franchise. We are not watching Breaking Bad, you need to calm down tf lmao. Immediately.

I experienced a user saying Marcel was unimportant in the narrative but dare you argue against Hayley “she’s the reason the show exists!”. The show about the Mikaelsons?! But why do they get mad when you say K&E aren’t the protagonist she is….

I love engaging through tumblr. It’s generally more nuanced and people are nicer here than anywhere else. I genuinely think you can find a sweet fan in every corner. Whether that person is an Elena, Bonnie, Caroline, Salvatores, Mikaelsons etc. More people are open to going: “Hey,this is trash! But what if you expanded this idea here…”. It’s just fun here! People are more open to fanon concepts which brings bigger discussions. Yes, it’s some bad seeds in certain areas but people aren’t as… idk weird so to speak.

I think as long as we encourage fantasy authors to keep telling their stories we can find another story to fill the gaps that TVD has. I get what you mean though.

[rathologic]

glad I had a little more time to parse this one in text, but the idea I was getting at with being uncomfortable at The Background Racism being completely unchanging in patho2 is that I think it presents an idea that that racism is an unavoidable fact and there's no way for the townsfolk to do better. which is in line with the story P2 wants to tell about the Town and Kin being incompatible, but is such a deeply worrying idea in the world of real social issues... like much like here it's a belief systemically and socially embedded in the Town and one vital to the exploitation of the Kin, but the game doesn't acknowledge potential decolonial or anti-racist actions outside of the character writing of Artemy possibly dealing with his alienation from his heritage, especially b/c its final choice is also fully on the haruspex. nobody else in the game has to or is even asked to put in work (for the millionth time, in the game where side characters don't do anything concrete); the entire social slate gets wiped clean by the Special Guy and suddenly the historical tension of the settlement isn't a problem anymore. while, and because, it's presented as its immodifiable fact in the course of the game. the way that artemy always has the internal option to choose how he feels about the Kin, but not the options to tell someone else that their feelings about the Kin are wrong, is something I think a more cognizant game could have used as a statement (in connection to how racism affects real-world people of color; by all means this shouldn't be artemy's responsibility! the microaggressions do reflect, as others have discussed, life in a racist society. talking about their use as a device of constant emphasis for the "incompatible parts" idea here) but in patho2 unaddressed it becomes the same "side characters don't do anything" that afflicts every area of its writing... and while there are plenty of other things for characters to be worried about during pathologic, it's still an ideological stance to assert that decolonization is unimportant during a crisis situation (where, again, it's a major plot point that the plague hits the Kin hardest due to the Olgimskys' organization of the Termitary and social/economic control over its workers), one that is absolutely used IRL to hinder any movement towards change. basically any character development would have helped avoid this. 😐

[suzanthinks]

Get Out and What It Made Me Think About - AFAM112A Blog Post #1

Watching Get Out for the first time was an amazing experience that I won’t forget. It’s not just a horror movie but rather a smart, uncomfortable deep dive into racism in a way I’ve never seen before. From the opening scene where a Black man is walking alone in a white neighborhood to the creepy garden party filled with microaggressions, everything about this film kept me on edge. It’s like Jordan Peele took the quiet, hidden parts of racism and magnified them on screen for everyone to see. 

What really hit me was how the Armitage family pretends to be “progressive”. The father, Dean, constantly says things like “I would’ve voted for Obama a third time” as if that erases racism. It reminded me of how sometimes people think “not being overtly racist” is the same thing as being an ally. That false sense of safety Chris felt at first mirrors a lot of real-life interactions where racism hides under the surface. 

The concept of the “sunken place” is what stuck with me the most. It’s this visual metaphor for being silenced and powerless. Watching Chris sink into that dark void while still being aware of everything happening around him made me think about the times I’ve felt invisible or othered. As a Muslim and Middle Eastern woman growing up in the U.S., I’ve been in many spaces where people make assumptions about me, whether it’s the “random” airport security checks or the constant “where are you really from?” questions. There’s that same feeling of being watched, judged, and misunderstood, like you don’t quite belong no matter what you do. 

One of the things I also loved about Get Out was how it blends horror with comedy. It gives you moments to breathe but never lets you fully relax. That being said, I kind of wish the movie explored more about the Armitage’s victims. We get hints about who they were before their bodies were stolen, but I wanted more backstory to understand their lives and struggles. 

Yet, the film still nails how systemic oppression isn’t just about individuals, it’s baked into how society works. Watching Get Out reminded me how art can amplify voices and force people to confront uncomfortable truths. Whether you’re Black, Middle Eastern, Muslim, or part of any marginalized group, the film resonates because it speaks to those shared feelings of isolation and the constant fight to hold onto your identity.

[daydark4k]

Going on a bit of a rant here about some problems ive noticed about bootwt.

I feel like it's become increasingly exhausting to be in this community, and ill explain why because i have left it behind.

A lot amazing work has been done by the community to make it a safer space for minorities, but in a way this has put the community on a pedestal. It feel like everyone is expected to be an activist or they are a bad person nobody wants around. 

There's a huge difference in being an ally, and an activist. An ally is someone that will speak against shit when they come across it, do their best to educate themself, stand behind people in every way they can.

An activist goes a step further and seeks out ways to make change. Organizing charity events, going out of their way to educate others, uplift voices and being constantly posting about issues as they come out. Taking on the problems of others is not an easy thing mentally especially if you have your own issues.

Are you a bad person for not making a twitter post when some shitty cc says a stupid thing again? Bigotry is constantly happening and will continue, no matter what the community is like. But, if you were to watch the news, get overwhelmed and have to turn it off instead of tweeting about it, you wouldnt be a bad person right? The victim on the news could have their entire life changed by a tramatic event and you cant even have the decency to watch and give your empathy?

There's this overwhelming crushing expectation in this community of being an activist or else you dont belong. If you dont post wishing a happy holiday, happy heritage month, your deep supportfor the people that were discriminated against, then you dont care. People do it like its a checklist. it's not enough to simply care silently. It feels very performative as an outsider. It's always makes me feel so awful for watching ranboo and wanting to be a part of the community. The guilt is horrible. But if im not kept up with all the bad parts of it, im not doing it right.

There is also ableism. If you are uneducated or make a mistake speaking over minorities because of social issues you might experience, even if you try to be better it's held against you forever. These mistakes are valid and wrong. It's very important to have the attitude to improve yourself and see your mistake. As long as you are trying, why do people feel the need to kick you out of your safe space? I am not active on social media but i have seen this happen to many in the community.

I just hope for a space away from the hell i deal with. I just want to see and share silly art.

It's absolutely amazing the efforts of bootwt to make a good place for everyone. People work so hard and im grateful and amazed at what they have done. Racists should be bullied away. Ignorant people who do microaggressions but are willing to be educated and be better should be educated. Jumping people does not help anyone, help people realize their mistakes.

I hope the community continues the amazing work they have been doing. But lessen up on the expectations of others to also be activists like them. Communities are made up of all kinds of people. Everyone wants different things, some people need an escape from constant negativity. We should try to get along, point out each others mistakes and become better. Not put the community on the highest pedestal expecting everyone to be the same.

I hope this doesn’t come across like im a bigot trying to justify myself. I was really scared to post this but if I’m the only one who feels this is a problem just ignore me

i originally wasn't going to respond to this, but i want to break down some of this and explain it because i feel like i know what you're trying to say, but there's a lot of stuff in here that is misconstrued.

"It feel like everyone is expected to be an activist or they are a bad person nobody wants around"

you are not a bad person if you aren't an activist! i hope no one feels obligated to always be on the front lines fighting with people to make change. ranboo's community in the recent months has been one of the most active communities i've been in when it comes to rooting out bad people and making sure they know they're not welcome. if you feel unwelcome, why? you say it's because you don't want to be an activist. you don't have to be! but sending support and love to people who need it isn't activism. being educated and constantly evaluating yourself and your biases isn't activism. that's a part of living in the world we were born into that's entrenched in horrible bigotry that's been taught and ingrained since birth. ignoring these things doesn't make them go away, and the least you can do is acknowledge it and work to not continue the cycle of pain that so many minorities are subjected to. You say the community is supposed to be a safe place. how is it supposed to be safe if there are people who get away with saying and doing horrible things? its not enough to not be racist, ableist, antisemitic, sexist, homo/transphobic etc. you have to be anti- all of these things, and have a genuine love for the people who are affected.

if you feel like these things are too much emotionally for you, you are more than welcome to step away. no one expects anyone to be on the internet 24/7 or to always engage in the negative topics. hell, i've stopped talking about certain ccs and stopped constantly criticizing their actions because i know they wont change. i recognized it isn't healthy for me and there's no point to it. but when it comes to support, to making sure that everyone knows that bigotry isn't welcome, that is a very important aspect of a community. that's the DEFINITION of what a community is! and, if those of us who have followings and have thousands of people who look to us as a reflection of ranboo, don't do these things? how does that look from the outside? at this point it doesn't even correlate to ranboo anymore. me wanting people in bootwt to be educated and respectful people doesn't exist only in the online community, it exists in real life too. i want others to be aware of the impact they have on others. I would think that any fan of ranboo's would want that too, considering its one of the biggest things ranboo advocates for his fans. to be good people.

you correlated being an ally and being an activist, and you said that "An ally is someone that will speak against shit when they come across it, do their best to educate themself, stand behind people in every way they can." is that not what the community has constantly asked for? that's all minorities are asking for. you just described the community! then you say "There's this overwhelming crushing expectation in this community of being an activist or else you dont belong. If you dont post wishing a happy holiday, happy heritage month, your deep support for the people that were discriminated against, then you dont care." isnt that just being an ally, by your definition???? wishing people happy holidays to respect their culture and important days, and standing behind people who have experienced discrimination so they know they are loved and those hurtful things aren't welcome here? if you miss something or are late, that's normal! even if you after the fact say "hey, sorry i missed it but happy x hope your day was well" maybe one person will see it and will feel seen.

"it's not enough to simply care silently." im going to be completely honest. no. no its not. its not enough because being silent ALLOWS bigotry to exist. im going to link this article i researched specifically for this post, because it explains how silent racism works and is ingrained in our society

"It feels very performative as an outsider. It's always makes me feel so awful for watching ranboo and wanting to be a part of the community. The guilt is horrible. But if im not kept up with all the bad parts of it, im not doing it right."

no one expects anyone to always be caught up on which new cc was racist. we want people to be able to recognize bigotry and uplift the people who are hurt. to say, both online and in real life, when its safe: "hey, that wasnt cool, that hurts people." you shouldnt feel bad for wanting to be apart of the community. people are allowed to want to be apart of it. its a fun place to be sometimes! but also, people are allowed to distance themselves and not forgive some of the bad things they experienced.

"There is also ableism. If you are uneducated or make a mistake speaking over minorities because of social issues you might experience, even if you try to be better it's held against you forever. These mistakes are valid and wrong. It's very important to have the attitude to improve yourself and see your mistake. As long as you are trying, why do people feel the need to kick you out of your safe space? I am not active on social media but i have seen this happen to many in the community."

i do agree with you on this one. I don't like how the internet holds grudges. people aren't allowed to change and things they did are always held against them. BUT. on the other hand, if you have hurt people, those victims are not obligated to forgive you. this is a balance that isn't easily achieved in a large community, much less so on the internet. these are things that happen in all communities and its not fair sometimes.

at the end of the day. if you don't want to be an activist, then don't be. if you only want to see art and funny bits, mute terms. the more that these things are discussed and called out however, the easier its going to make it for the future. i don't think its fair to blame hurt people for making you feel bad about yourself. that's something you need to reflect on yourself and recognize why you feel that way, whether it be guilt or ignorance.

im not gonna be responding on this any further, go ham in the comments with thoughts if you want

have a nice day!

[teeth-cable]

glad i'm not the only one who noticed how vaggie was treated like trash unlike the rest of the cast

especially alstor of all the characters

i know its hell and all but really ? only vaggie ?

The other characters get push around but not as bad as Vaggie, she is the constant joke of mockery. I see fans tried to explain how it isn't racist because the other characters get insulted too and no. Those characters have different contexts and tones from Vaggie's, she always has to defend herself. The latina character got slapped in the ass by a man and Angel made a microaggressive "joke" at her, where in the pilot did anyone else suffered similar things?

I made a post about this in detail if you're interested.

[kairoscareau]

Unmasking Subtle Racism

Subtle racism, also known as covert/implicit racism, refers to discriminatory attitudes, behaviours or actions that are less obvious and not easily identifiable compared to traditional forms of racism. Because subtle racism can be indirect, unintentional expressions of prejudice or unsconsiously expressed, they are often more challenging to recognise. Subtle racism can manifest in various ways, such as comments, actions or behaviours that subtly marginalise or demean individuals based on their race or ethnicity. Whether people might not be fully aware of their biases or actions or may even deny their racism when called out, subtle racism helps perpetuate discrimination and inequalities. 

Some examples of racially-based subtle racism are: 

Verbal: "Are you his nanny?" assuming that a person of colour is not a white child's parent; 

Action: a teacher not calling on students of colour; a server automatically serving white people first over people of colour; 

Racial profiling: stop-and-frisk policy meant to reduce crime but mostly targets people of colour.

Subtle racism is hard to detect at first glance unlike overt racism which is blatant and easily recognisable. Although subtle racism operates in a more covert manner, its effects may cause harm whether it was unintentional or not. Let's shed light into subtle racism, its impact on relationships and well-being, the challenge of recognition and how we can avoid being a subtle racist. 

Kinds of Subtle Racism: 

Colorblindness or Microinvalidations - ignores the unique experiences of different racial groups. For instance, the "All Lives Matter" as a response to "Black Lives Matter" may mean well, but can be considered racist as "Black Lives Matter" do not mean only Black lives matter or that Black lives matter more. The BLM movement only asserts that Black lives matter too, to address historical and current events, and some institutions' tendency to not treat Black lives as mattering equally with White lives. 

Stereotyping - assumes that someone's abilities, preferences, or behaviour are based on their race. For instance, assuming that an Asian woman is a mail-order bride, or a Mexican woman is a cleaning lady. 

Tokenism - including a person of colour solely to demonstrate diversity. For instance, hiring a person of colour to comply with diversity even though the role is essentially insignificant. 

Microaggressions - are small, everyday acts that communicate derogatory messages towards racial minorities, including: 

backhanded compliments (e.g. "You're beautiful for a dark-skinned girl.") 

cultural appropriation - loving a part of a culture (like Hip Hop) but fail to speak out for or recognise its people's struggles, or dominant groups erasing origins of certain cultures and taking credit for something they did not create (e.g. Elvis regarded as a pioneer of rock and roll but failing to credit Sister Rosetta Tharpe as an earlier rock and roll artist who influenced Elvis and referred to as Godmother of rock and roll). 

questioning someone's nationality or abilities. Saying, "You must be good at math" to someone with Asian descent or "I don't even see you as [insert race]". 

Effects on Relationships and Wellbeing: 

Subtle racism can erode relationships and negatively impact mental health. Constant exposure to microaggressions can lead to feelings of invalidation, frustration and stress. Over time, these experiences can strain personal and professional connections, contribute to a sense of isolation and introduce an atmosphere of negativity and even hostility in personal relationships, the workplace and community groups.   

How Do We Preserve Wellbeing and Avoid Being Subtle Racists: 

Self-education - recognise and acknowledge your own biases and actively seek to educate yourself and others about different cultures and experiences. 

Active listening - strive to create an environment where people feel comfortable sharing their experiences, and listen without being defensive or dismissive. 

Empathy - simply try putting yourself in others' shoes and strive to understand the impact of your words and actions. 

Language matters - choose your words carefully, avoiding assumptions or stereotypes. 

Speak up - if you witness subtle racism, address it respectfully to help raise awareness. 

Subtle racism is a pervasive issue that demands our attention. By shedding light on its existence, acknowledging its impact, and taking proactive steps to prevent it, we can create a more inclusive and equitable society. 

Remember that change begins with each individual's commitment to unlearn biases and treat all individuals with respect, regardless of their background.

[ktempestbradford]

I LOVED her so much. Legend.

I also was introduced to middle aged fans early on just as I was discovering fandom proper and it 100% benefitted me as a person and as a fan and as a creator.

However, to this...

I went to Philcon a few years ago, which tends towards older fans, and an older woman I was talking to sadly told me that she thought fandom was dying out, because she never saw younger fans any more.

...I have a different take on why this is. Or another reason beyond what's stated by @ordinarytalk. I definitely see the dynamic they talk about in online spaces. But in meatspace--more specifically SFF con space--the more prevalent problem is the cons themselves.

My first con that wasn't a Star Trek con was WorldCon. Millennium Philcon, actually! I was so excited to go after years of hearing about it from people in my SFF writing workshop. It was a chance to meet them all in person (the workshop was virtual; yes, even back in 2000) and to go to panels to see the authors and editors and artists that had shaped wee!Tempest into the budding writer I was then. I loved it and decided I would go every year.

And I did, for a while. Soon I started to notice that it was hard to find other Black people at WorldCon. There were some, as well as other BIPOC, but not so many that I didn't clock every single one of them through the course of the convention.

This also happened at every other con I attended: Lunacon, ReaderCon, World Fantasy...

The first year I went to WisCon (which I LOVED), a friend of mine related this conversation to me.

My Friend: It's weird that there aren't that many POC at this con. Another Person: Well, have you met Tempest?

I will say that whenever I did find other BIPOC (with verrry few exceptions), they were as glad to see another brown face as I was and so I got to know many of them and some are still dear friends. Black women a generation or two older than me were especially kind, looping me into their circles immediately.

About 10 years into attending cons regularly as a fan and a baby writer, the continued lack of BIPOC started to bother me. I stopped going to WorldCon regularly, some cons I ditched altogether, and I started to keep track of which cons were more welcoming to BIPOC attendees and focusing on those. In some cases, SFF cons were downright hostile spaces for BIPOC. Yet if you said so out loud, you were shouted down by people insisting that no SFF fan would ever be racist because this is the genre of futurism and inclusiveness!

That kept happening. And so, many of us stopped attending cons that made it clear they did not care about us.

BIPOC weren't the only people doing this. LGBTQ+ folks were clocking the same patterns, sometimes with the same cons. As were women. As were people with disabilities.

Despite SFF being an allegedly welcome, open, inclusive, progressive community, the fight for marginalized people to simply exist at the con without dealing with a constant barrage of microaggressions, plain old aggressions, sexual harassment, disability harassment, and way worse, raged on for decades. And is still raging in some quarters.

The pushback to "radical" inclusiveness, even at a self-described feminist convention, for instance, often came from the following groups:

Older People (pre-Gen X fans)

White People (mostly cis men but a not-insignificant number of cis women)

Sociopaths (a state of being that knows no identity, sadly)

But let me be clear: Older People and White People have also been part of the push for real progressiveness and inclusivity. I will never discount our actual allies.

I still point it out because, from my observation, the Older People who get mad at those of us trying to make conventions more progressive and inclusive tend to then huddle up at conventions where they control everything so thoroughly that nothing changes. Plus, they also seem stuck in a certain kind of fandom mentality where this kind of book or media or whatever counts while the rest (generally including games, anime, cartoons not specifically for adults, and sometimes comics) is trash and thus won't be talked about at the con.

Guess what younger fans really love?

This is why WorldCon, aka the World Science Fiction Convention, one of the preeminent genre cons in the USA, gets about 3-5,000 attendees when it's held in North America, but DragonCon, an all-media con that embraces everything from TV and movies to games (video, TTRPG, LARP, and more) to anime to comics to books, now gets something approaching 100,000 attendees every year and is still growing.

Fandom is not dying out. It's growing and changing and evolving as it should. It is true that one would not know that if one is mostly attending cons where the average age is 60.

It doesn't have to be this way and folks who are older do not have to be left behind. It's gonna take work on everyone's part to ensure that doesn't happen.

There needs to be more value put on cross-generational fandom spaces for sure. Online and off. Younger folks need to actively welcome older folks just as much as older folks need to actively welcome the younger ones. I'm not saying it's anyone's job to rehabilitate racist Uncle Bob on the concom nor Auntie "Why do kids these days have so many pronouns" Betty who runs the con suite. Ignore them, leave them behind.

Just recognize that not all the folks over the tender age of 35 are Those People. Many are not. Many want to hear about all the stuff you love they've never heard of because nothing makes them happier than to hear about that nerdy shit you're obsessed with as long as you're cool hearing about the nerdy shit they're obsessed with and have been for 25 years. They're 100% down with gender neutral bathrooms and pronoun stickers and deep analysis of the problems of race in Star Wars and they want to know that anime is more than Sailor Moon.

We may not be able to revivify the cons or fandom that are dying out because the fans in them are literally dying of old age. We can be sure to make space for fans of all ages in the cons that have already made space for younger people, BIPOC, the Alphabet Mafia, disabled fans, and other marginalized groups. Because we fought hard to open up those spaces for ourselves and we know how much that meant and the effort it took. We can make that effort for older generations who show us the respect and openness we asked for.

Now that I am entering my Auntie Era (the 40s caught up to me!) I'm where the older Black women who welcomed me were 20+ years ago. I intend to act as they did: embracing any younger folk or folk newer to the community I find and helping them feel part of both the micro-community and the larger one. And I hope, 20 years from now, 25 year olds will still be okay hanging out with me and telling me all the details of why Star Wars: Episode 54 is a betrayal of everything the director of Episode 39 did to revive the franchise.

I hope that I will be as open to change as I am now.

(sorry that got long...)

tbh shoutout to the over 40s on tumblr, sorry the internet acts like yall belong in the retirement home when ur literally just regular adults with hobbies

[kaylabooker]

Blog #1

I cannot quite consider myself to be a horror film fan, but the genre has grown on me exceptionally. Seeing Jordan Poole’s movie “GET OUT” when it first came out in theaters opened the door for horror in my life. It was the first horror movie that I was able to watch and be engaged in without hiding behind my hands the entire time. Perhaps it came from a sense of relatability since the main character was Black or simply because the pop-up scenes came in spurts, but the real-life attributes played a part.

“GET OUT” exemplified the different real-life experiences known to Black people as a whole. For example, the constant microaggressions spoken by Rose’s family could easily make a Black person cringe in discomfort; from “I’d vote for Barack Obama for a third term if I could” to Jeremy wanting to fight Chris to see how strong he was. As people of color, though I can only speak from the Black perspective, often enduring microaggressions coming from the mouths of people who simply do not understand how to communicate with us. 

One time I was in the gym, minding my own business, walking on the stair master with my headphones on at near maximum volume. Then, a girl of White descent approaches me and taps me. Of course, I am automatically confused as for the most part people do not speak to strangers at the gym, at least with my experience. She then says, “I love your hair it’s so nice,” and you may think okay what’s wrong with that she was just complimenting you. And sometimes I think of it in the same way, but it was not this statement that threw me off, it was what followed. She then said “Well how do you do it? Of course, I know that it’s not yours,”. And at this I could only gently smile though I was deeply offended. And honestly, as conveyed through “GET OUT”, this is simply the Black experience. 

This reminds me of the popular movie “The Hate U Give”. Though it is not a horror film by genre it does portray Black horror. The main character relates to Chris in “GET OUT” in a way. Both characters are misunderstood by the people surrounding them but in “The Hate U Give” the microaggressions are natural in a way meaning that the other characters did not realize that they were being racist and basing their opinions on stigmas. In “GET OUT” the biases were intentional stemming from an inhumane view on Black people. As if their words were not enough, they backed their biases with violence and called it “science” or “justice” which is unsurprisingly a real-world perspective. 

[rainglade]

I feel like it tends to always come as a sort of surprise when we learn that people who obviously have prejudices and biases, especially when it comes to their microaggressions, do not realize they do. It's all too common that we see microaggressions and harmful words being played off as a joke, and I think the reason why the disconnect exists is because those biases are not just systematic, they are also systemic.

In other words, when people make those comments and display their sexism or racism, for example, they don't actually realize or think they are causing any harm because the society around them supports it. Whenever their biases are confronted or called out, they don't think much of it because they are unwilling to look deeper and think critically about their influence and impact. It is a bit paradoxical to think about, but there are many egotistical people who do not understand that their impact is greater than they think. When they say something, those words are burned into the minds of their listeners. When you say something, your words are burned into the minds of whoever is listening to you, most notably the people around you whose brains are still developing.

This phenomenon also kind of plays into how we converse around being "not-racist" versus being "anti-racist". The former is what we used to label as being "woke," which is honestly an embarrassing and performative construct, but I digress... Being anti-racist is less about not being racist and more about living in a state of constant critique, not just of the people around you or the system you live in, but also in criticism of yourself. It's about thinking critically and using empathy to approach yourself and understand why your brain works in the way that it does.