#CA Final AFM Live

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🌟 CA Final AFM Hybrid Batch with Sanjay Saraf Sir – Begins 19th November 2024! 🌟

Maximize your prep flexibility! Dive into CA Final AFM with a unique blend of Live and Pre-Recorded classes, designed to fit every study plan and pace.

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Sanjay Saraf Lectures: Revolutionizing Finance Learning

Sanjay Saraf: Driving Educational Excellence

Sanjay Saraf Lectures: With his expertise in Financial Risk Management (FRM) and Financial Analysis (CFA), Sanjay Saraf is well-known for having made important contributions to the field of finance education. His fascinating teaching approach and deep understanding of finance are especially evident in his CA Final SFM sessions, for which he has received high accolades throughout India. Saraf obtained his MS in Finance and his Chartered Financial Analyst certification from the ICFAI in Hyderabad. He contributes to his academic pursuits a special synthesis of in-depth scholarly research and real-world commercial experience.

Recognized for his long career as "The Finance Guru," Saraf regularly imparts his knowledge to support students in achieving academic success. The Sanjay Saraf SFM classes is a brilliant illustration of excellence in financial literacy. By expertly fusing academic concepts with real-world applications, Sanjay Saraf Lectures ensures that students can comprehend even the most challenging material. Saraf's seminars, with their unwavering focus on student success, never cease to amaze and encourage aspiring financial professionals with his highly regarded lectures and mentoring sessions. His steadfast commitment to providing comprehensive and meaningful learning experiences has solidified his reputation as a highly esteemed individual in the financial sector.

Personal Details

The native of Kolkata, West Bengal, Sanjay Saraf was born under the sign of Taurus on May 30, 1977. Widely recognized for his contributions to CA Final SFM, he studied at the University of Hyderabad's ICFAI and is proficient in Bengali, Hindi, and English. Sanjay Saraf, a devoted husband and father of two, has pale skin, dark eyes, and black hair. After achieving success in his career, he values hard work and peace in his personal life. He also has a strong commitment to his job and an insatiable curiosity. Sanjay Saraf lectures continues to inspire and motivate students in the financial sphere.

Educational Route: Exploring Track Records

Sanjay Saraf SFM classes has earned many degrees during his academic career. His several credentials from ICFAI, which include Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA), FRM, and CFA, attest to his obvious genius. He also received a Master of Science in Finance from the same prestigious university. Moreover, Sanjay Saraf is certified in a number of areas, including investment banking (CIB), certified Treasury Manager (CTM), certified international investment analyst (CIIA), and certified portfolio manager (CPM). His large list of qualifications attests to Sanjay's extraordinary aptitude and competence in the financial industry, as well as his dedication to career advancement and lifelong learning.

Sanjay Saraf Sir's Academic Programs

Distinguished by their Sanjay Saraf Lectures to satisfy the diverse needs of students, his Courses provides a broad range of educational programs. The institute provides Financial Management instruction for CA Intermediate and CMA Intermediate levels.as well as Advanced Financial Management (AFM) for CA Final and CMA Final SFM locally. In addition to offering comprehensive training for FRM at every level globally, he also offers comprehensive preparation for all three levels of the CFA Program Review. These diverse course offerings demonstrate the school's dedication to offering top-notch financial instruction while taking into account the unique requirements of students at various stages of their academic and professional growth.

Career Evolution

Sanjay Saraf is a well-known educator who has a significant impact on society. As a CA Final SFM instructor, Sanjay Saraf uses a variety of teaching techniques, such as Face-to-Face (Live), Deferred Live, and Direct-to-Home formats. Sanjay Saraf SFM classes has refined his theoretical grasp of finance even further via his work with investment banks, fund firms, and industry professionals. Through these partnerships, Sanjay Saraf lectures makes sure that his instruction is both relevant and up to date by keeping up with developments and trends in the business world.

Giving CEOs and boards advice on how to optimize their risk and treasury management operations is one of his duties as a professional.

Many choose to depend entirely on his teaching in order to help them prepare for exams. By interacting with pupils directly, he uses an interactive teaching method. In addition to deftly using method highlights and examples to help make difficult concepts simple. The CA Final SFM instructor, Sanjay Saraf, goes above and beyond in his lectures to cover the necessary information. In great part because of Sanjay Saraf lectures, an investing business's algorithmic trading division was established. The training materials have been updated with the 2020 and 2021 SFM. It has Super 100 and Challenger Series numbers and are incredibly well-written.

Along with providing strategic insights, its all-inclusive test tutoring places a strong emphasis on (RTPs) and (MTPs).

Revisiting Sanjay Saraf's classes

An essential part of the intermediate Chartered Accountancy curriculum is the Sanjay Saraf FM ECO Classes (CA Intermediate). There are 30 points for Economics for Finance and 70 points for Financial Management (FM) on this test. The first and second components make up the FM part. First, Module 1 provides an overview of the core ideas in financial management, including goals, sources of funding, analysis, planning, and capital appraisal.

The course materials for Sanjay Saraf lectures are very well written and regularly updated with 2020 and 2021 SFM Super 100 and Challenger Series numbers.

Along with providing strategic insights, its all-inclusive test tutoring places a strong emphasis on Real-Time Practice Papers (RTPs) and Mock test Papers (MTPs).

Reviewing Sanjay Saraf's for CA Intermediate

An essential part of the intermediate Chartered Accountancy curriculum is the Sanjay Saraf FM ECO Classes (CA Intermediate). There are 30 points for Economics for Finance and 70 points for Financial Management (FM) on this test. The first and second components make up the FM part in Sanjay Saraf SFM classes. Initially, Module 1 in Sanjay Saraf's lectures addresses financial decision-making, leverage, and capital structure. Working capital management, dividend policy, capital planning, and investment management are some of the subjects covered in Module 2.

To score well on the CA Intermediate FM & EFF examination and establish a strong foundation for success on the CA exam, it is essential to thoroughly comprehend these concepts as taught in his lectures.

Moreover, this comprehensive training with Sanjay Saraf lectures ensures success at the intermediate level and lays the groundwork for learning advanced financial management.

Acknowledging the Achievements of Sanjay Saraf

CA final SFM: Many students are undoubtedly inspired by Sanjay Saraf, who gives them the courage to follow their dreams. Sanjay Saraf, FRM, performed rather well, demonstrating a strong aptitude for financial management and quantitative techniques. As a consequence, Sanjay Saraf, SFM, was awarded a silver medal and a merit certificate in group Beta of the MS Finance program in 1998. In 1999, Sanjay Saraf won first place in the Epsilon group of the MS Finance program for his gold-winning international financial courses.

In September 2006, Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh awarded Sanjay Saraf a Gold medal for group Lambda. He was also given a Strategic Financial Management (SFM) merit certificate.

Recognized for

Final-level students take his classes precisely for this reason. That is really respectful of Risk Management for CA Final (Elective). Sanjay Saraf's lectures have also won the respect of FRM and CFA students over the years, earning him the charming nickname "Finance Guru." The Sanjay Saraf SFM classes employed a chart approach. Over time, Sanjay Saraf has evolved with the goal of helping students comprehend and retain the material. These charts are also a great visual aid for understanding difficult content with Sanjay Saraf lectures.

Uncovering the Sanjay Saraf Education Institute (SSEI)

Sanjay Saraf and Mr. Rajesh Rakesh worked together to build SSEI. It has a solid reputation for providing top-notch CMA, FRM, CFA, CMT, and CA courses. The SFM curriculum taught by Sanjay Saraf at SSEI prides itself on being the greatest coaching program in India. Students routinely receive excellent grades in this area on both the Intermediate and Final examinations. This remarkable achievement is the result of SSEI's unwavering dedication to providing excellent training. In order to ensure that students make steady progress, the institution also offers personalized mentoring and many practice tests.

The top coaching institute in India, SSEI, offers the CA Final SFM curriculum thanks to Sanjay Saraf's courses. It guarantees that students do exceptionally well on the Intermediate and Final examinations. This demonstrates SSEI's steadfast commitment to providing excellent instruction, tailored counseling, and regular practice examinations. Mr. Rajesh Rakesh and Sanjay Saraf Lectures both played a vital role in the founding of SSEI. The school's reputation demonstrates the CA, FRM, CFA, CMT, and CMA courses.

Professional Profile

Sanjay Saraf is regarded by students as the "Finance Guru" due to his deep understanding of CFA. His knowledge is readily available through the "Study At Home" platform. They genuinely value his zeal and creative teaching methods.

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Sanjay Saraf Classes: Risk Management in CA Final AFM

Concerning Sanjay Saraf's CFA Courses

In the domain of Sanjay Saraf Classes for CA Final AFM, led by the accomplished Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) and Financial Risk Manager (FRM). The institute has garnered widespread acclaim for delivering exceptional coaching services. With a particular focus on CA Final SFM, recognized across India, Sanjay Saraf, known as 'The Finance Guru,' leverages his profound expertise in financial theory to impart comprehensive knowledge in crucial industry domains, including massive leverage, investment banking, and fund houses.

Boasting credentials as a Chartered Financial Analyst and holding an MS in Finance from ICFAI, Hyderabad. Sanjay Saraf transcends the role of a mere professional, embodying the essence of a passionate educator. This commitment to knowledge dissemination is evident in the success of Sanjay Saraf, making him the preferred choice among aspiring finance professionals.

In the realm of Classes, synonymous with excellence and specializing in CA Final SFM. Stands as a testament to his unwavering dedication to empowering students with a profound understanding of finance. Emphasizing interactive and insightful teaching methods, Sanjay Saraf has evolved into a beacon of quality education within the financial domain, fostering a dynamic and enriching learning environment.

Furthermore, in the sphere of Sanjay Saraf SFM. His expertise extends, providing students with valuable insights into this critical aspect of finance. His commitment to holistic education ensures that students not only gain theoretical expertise but also practical insights, making SFM Classes a transformative experience for those pursuing CA Final.

Particular Details

Gender- Male

Complexion- Fair

Children- Two

Children- Two

Eye Colour- Black

Hair Colour- Black

Complexion- Fair

Marital Status- Married

Nationality- Indian Date of Birth 30-05-1977

College- ICFAI, University of Hyderabad

Current Place- Kolkata, West Bengal

Zodiac Sign- Taurus

Language Known- English, Hindi & bengali

Academic prerequisites:

Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA)

Chartered Financial Analyst (ICFAI)

Certified Treasury Manager (CTM)

Certified Portfolio Manager (CPM)

MS Finance from ICFAI

Certified International Investment Analyst (CIIA)

Certified Investment Banker (CIB)

Financial Risk Manager (FRM)

Advertisements for Courses by Sanjay Saraf

Domestic

Strategic Financial Management (SFM) of CMA Final

Financial Management of CA Intermediate

Financial Management of CMA Intermediate

Advanced Financial Management (AFM) of CA Final

International

FRM- All Levels

CFA (Program Review) – All Three Levels

How to Become a Professional Expert Witness

"In the realm of Sanjay Saraf Classes for CA Final AFM. Dedicated to Risk Management in CA Final, he has played a pivotal role in disseminating knowledge to a global student community. Employing diverse modalities such as Face-to-Face (Live), Deferred Live, and Direct-to-Home, Sanjay Saraf ensures unparalleled learning experiences, attracting students focused on exclusive CA Final preparation.

As a proficient figure in theoretical finance within SFM Classes. He showcases a robust understanding of the field by actively engaging with investment banks, fund houses, and industry players. Beyond his educational role, he provides valuable advice to CEOs and boards, offering insights on optimizing risk and treasury operations in businesses.

A significant achievement in Sanjay Saraf is his instrumental role in establishing an algorithmic trading desk for an investment institution specializing in volatility trading and option Greek arbitrage. Acclaimed as a financial virtuoso, his courses are distinguished by lively pedagogy, making complex subjects approachable through realistic examples.

Within Sanjay Saraf Classes in CA Final. He expresses great enthusiasm for guiding ambitious students through one of India's most challenging tests, ensuring that the learning experience is not only effective but also enjoyable. Aspiring finance professionals benefit from his expertise and dedication in navigating the complexities of risk management."

Regarding Sanjay Saraf Classes (CA Intermediate)

In the CA Intermediate curriculum. The eighth exam revolves around Financial Management & Economics for Finance (FM & EFF), with 70 marks allocated to Financial Management and an additional 30 marks to Economics for Finance. This section on Financial Management is divided into two modules. However, this holistic approach ensures that students not only comprehend theoretical fundamentals but also gain practical insights into essential financial management principles within Classes. 

Commencing with Module 1, it serves as an introductory phase. Delving into foundational aspects such as the concept, scope, and objectives of financial management. Topics covered include various forms of financing, financial analysis and planning, and the cost of raising capital. Students also explore intricate subjects like capital structure and leverage. 

Transitioning to Module 2 within Sanjay Saraf Classes. The focus shifts to practical aspects, covering working capital management, dividend policy, capital planning, and investment management. This comprehensive approach ensures that students not only understand theoretical fundamentals but also acquire practical insights into essential financial management principles. 

Gaining a robust conceptual understanding through Sanjay Saraf. It is crucial for success in the CA Intermediate FM & EFF exam. This lays a solid foundation for subsequent studies, ensuring a smooth transition to advanced coursework. Emphasizing continuity and progression in financial education, this approach nurtures a holistic understanding of risk management in the field within  Classes.

Acknowledged for:

Under the guidance of Sanjay Saraf, numerous students have gained confidence and determination, recognizing their potential to pursue their goals. Saraf's lectures on Risk Management in the CA Final (elective) are highly esteemed by students at the final level. 

Moreover, in the realm of Sanjay Saraf, CFA Sanjay Saraf is revered as the "Finance Guru" by FRM and CFA students, solidifying his reputation as a reliable financial mentor. Amidst Sanjay Saraf, his influence and support have played a crucial role in instilling confidence in aspiring finance professionals. 

Throughout the years, his innovative chart method has aimed at facilitating quick review, ensuring simple comprehension, and enhancing subject memory. This creative technique underscores his commitment to enriching students' educational experiences within the realm of Sanjay Saraf classes.

Sanjay Saraf's accomplishments and honors for the course:

In 1998, Sanjay Saraf earned a merit certificate and a silver medal in group Beta of Ms Finance, showcasing exceptional academic prowess. His outstanding performance in quantitative methods and financial management, securing top grades, was particularly noteworthy during this period. 

Continuing the narrative of Sanjay Saraf, the success story persisted in 1999. He garnered another merit certificate and a gold medal in group Epsilon of Ms Finance, achieving the highest scores in international finance. 

The series of accolades extended into September 2006 when our esteemed Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh, honored Sanjay Saraf with a Gold medal for group Lambda and a merit certificate in Strategic Financial Management (SFM). This recognition further underscores the institute's unwavering commitment to excellence in financial education under Sanjay Saraf classes.

His organization, Sanjay Saraf Education Institute (SSEI)

Despite these significant accomplishments, Sanjay Saraf, an expert in risk management, collaborated with co-founder Mr. Rajesh Rakesh to establish the Sanjay Saraf Educational Institute (SSEI). This institute has garnered acclaim for delivering premier courses in CA, FRM, CFA, CMT, and CMA, with a specific emphasis on Risk Management. Notably, SSEI distinguishes itself as the exclusive coaching center in India where students consistently achieve the highest scores in both Intermediate and Final exams.

Furthermore, this remarkable achievement is a direct result of SSEI's unwavering commitment to providing top-notch instruction, personalized mentoring, and conducting regular mock exams. These concerted efforts are aimed at ensuring thorough preparation in SFM, reflecting SSEI's dedication to academic excellence and student success. In essence, SSEI, particularly in Sanjay Saraf, stands as a beacon of educational distinction in the realm of finance.

Concluding with Sanjay Saraf SFM. This commitment to excellence underscores the institute's role as a leader in providing quality education and comprehensive preparation for aspiring finance professionals.

Important Information:

Presently, Sanjay Saraf, widely acknowledged as the "Finance Guru," is actively engaged at "Study At Home." His lectures, marked by both excellence and innovative teaching strategies, are not only superb but also infused with genuine enthusiasm. Students are inspired by his teachings, drawn to the dynamic and engaging manner in which he imparts knowledge.

Moreover beyond the confines of a traditional classroom setting. Sanjay Saraf's presence at "Study At Home". Serves as a continued source of motivation and invaluable learning through Sanjay Saraf for aspiring finance professionals. In essence, his commitment to excellence and dynamic teaching methodologies continues to leave a lasting impact on students seeking quality education in the realm of finance.

Undoubtedly, Sanjay Saraf's dedication to enhancing the learning experience has earned him a prominent position as a trusted educator in the finance domain. With a focus on Sanjay Saraf SFM, his teachings go beyond the theoretical, providing practical insights and real-world applications that contribute to a well-rounded education. As students engage with his innovative approaches. They not only acquire knowledge but also develop critical thinking skills, preparing them for success in the complex landscape of finance.

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The Journey of Aditya Jain to CA Aaditya Jain Pendrive Classes

Cognizance of CA Aditya Jain

CA Aditya Jain's "Learn More, Earn More" philosophy has led to his being referred to by students as the Finance Guru. CA Aaditya Jain Pendrive Classes provide good AFM preparation for the CA Final through Google Drive or Pen Drive. Well-known for using Aditya Jain to impart stock market knowledge. Aditya Jain is a well-known instructor of the CA Final Strategic Financial Management course. He is a professor in New Delhi currently, having taught at ICAI for fifteen years. He simplifies difficult subjects by fusing his extensive subject expertise with a student-centered approach. Students warmly receive engaging teaching tactics like those employed by Jain, developing a deep knowledge and enjoyment of learning.

Biographical Information of CA Aditya Jain

Aditya Kumar Jain is more often known by his pseudonym, CA Aditya Jain. He also lives in Uttar Pradesh, a lively and diverse state, at the moment. His voyage began in Purulia, a quaint West Bengali town known for its rich cultural legacy. In addition, Aditya enrolled in Delhi University to begin his academic career. He also identifies as a successful male Indian with pride. He is bilingual and speaks Bengali, Hindi, and English well. In addition to his academic accomplishments, Aditya is a balanced Libra in the zodiac and a happy companion. His striking characteristics are his beautiful black hair and eyes, which contrast with his fair complexion.

Educational Modules of CA Aaditya Jain Pendrive Classes

For those seeking a variety of professional degrees, the Intermediate and Final CA Aaditya Jain stock market classes provide interesting lectures. The seminars cover a significant portion of both the CA Intermediate and CA Final levels, ensuring methodical, in-depth study for a comprehensive comprehension of the subject matter. CMA Intermediate and CMA Final students who want to pursue a career in cost and management accounting can get assistance from the institution. Financial management courses provide comprehensive test preparation by addressing both the academic and practical parts of the subject matter through in-depth study. For those who wish to succeed in the financial field, the university also offers an advanced curriculum in financial management. With the assistance of CA Aaditya Jain Pendrive classes, students may concentrate on certain subjects.

Literary Citations

Aditya Jain is a chartered accountant (CA) with a wealth of business experience, positioning him as an expert in his profession. Along the road, among his other noteworthy academic achievements, was the completion of his MBA in Finance with a specialization in Business Administration Management. To further showcase his expertise, Aditya Jain showcased his expertise by receiving the prestigious Financial Markets Certification from CA NSE Academy as a token of appreciation. Additionally, obtaining a Bachelor of Commerce (B.COM) degree functioned as the foundation for his subsequent academic pursuits. Stated differently, Aditya Jain pursued and obtained a Master of Commerce (M.COM) degree in order to broaden his expertise. This long list of academic accomplishments demonstrates his commitment to achievement in the business and finance sectors.

Upgradation of CA Aaditya Jain Pendrive Classes

The framework of CA Jain Aaditya Pendrive Classes are lengthy, topic-specific, time-bound, well planned, and highly regimented. Aditya Jain, with its unmatched reputation, sets the benchmark for excellence in financial education. Widely regarded as among the best in the nation, his courses continually elevate the industry standard. To optimize the effectiveness of his pendrive teaching, Jain employs a thorough approach that combines theory and practice. This not only encourages students to consider a range of career options but also enhances their overall understanding. Aditya Jain's motivational catchphrase, "Learn More, Earn More," emphasizes the importance of comprehensive training, focusing on concepts and maintaining an organized program. With great enthusiasm, Jain creates lectures that motivate students to excel in one of the most challenging exams in India.

The Strength of CA Aaditya Jain Pendrive Classes

CA Aaditya Jain stock market classes have been well-received by students, who find them to be highly beneficial. Students feel more capable of reaching their full potential and feel more secure after attending these enlightening talks. Scholars who study CFA and FRM call him the "Finance Guru." The programs use achievement-focused teaching strategies to assist students in reaching their career objectives. Furthermore, with a focus on innovative methods that maximize potential and encourage critical thinking. Aditya Jain emphasizes how important they are to achieving success in all areas of life. In his lectures, he stresses the need of having high goals. A few examples of these include planting trees for ten years, nurturing a family for all eternity, and growing flowers for a year. Aditya Jain uses innovative teaching techniques in CA Aditya Jain pendrive classes are designed to enhance students' cognitive speed, memory, and knowledge retention.

A Selection of  significant Results

Many of Aditya Jain's students consistently earn excellent results from his lectures; many have scored 90 or above. Remarkably, some students have received stipends surpassing $50,000 for completing their articleship in investment banking. Aditya Jain Pendrive program graduates have gone on to work for reputable companies and make well over one crore in salary. Additionally, students have demonstrated incredible accomplishment by receiving flawless marks on the NSE/SEBI Stock Market Exam. Particularly, one CA Aditya Jain Pendrive student scored an astounding 100 out of 100, proving the curriculum's intelligence and effectiveness.

A Recapitulation of the CA Aaditya Jain Pendrive Classes

The CA Aaditya Jain Pendrive Classes website also offers a large selection of courses in subjects like computer science, financial modeling, stock market research, CMA, and CA. Aditya Jain uses video lectures at "Study At Home" to train pupils. Owing to his proficiency, he is known as the "Finance Guru." His pupils look up to him because of his innovative teaching strategies and strong sense of mission.

[padhaiwale]

CA Final FR + Audit + AFM Combo Regular Batch New Scheme by CA Jai Chawla, CA Ravi Taori & CA Pavan Karrmele

CA FINAL FR + AUDIT + AFM COMBO by CA JAI CHAWLA, CA RAVI TAORI & CA PAVAN KARRMELE CA Final FR + Audit + AFM Combo by CA Jai Chawla, CA Ravi Taori & CA Pavan Karrmele are beneficial for the May 2024 and Nov 2024 exams. The course includes study materials that will be provided to students. Notes: Audit: Live Batch starts from 1st Dec 2023 (with 100% backup) (Timing would be confirmed before the…

[scitechnetwork]

Kanazawa University research: Genetic engineering mechanism visualized

Source: Kanazawa University

(Kanazawa, 10 November 2017) Researchers at Kanazawa University and the University of Tokyo report in Nature Communications the visualization of the dynamics of ‘molecular scissors’ — the main mechanism of the CRISPR-Cas9 genetic-engineering technique.

One of the techniques used in genetic engineering — the process of artificially modifying the genome of a living organism — involves the so-called CRISPR-Cas9 nuclease system.  Using this system, a cell’s DNA can be cut at a desired site, where genes can be deleted or added.  Selection of the site to be cut is done by a ‘guide RNA’ molecule bound to the Cas9 protein. Now, a team of researchers led by Mikihiro Shibata from Kanazawa University and Osamu Nureki from the University of Tokyo has visualized the dynamics of the CRISPR-Cas9 complex, in particular how it cuts DNA, providing valuable insights into the CRISPR-Cas9-mediated DNA cleavage mechanism.

For their visualization studies, the scientists used high-speed atomic-force microscopy (HS-AFM), a method for imaging surfaces.  A surface is probed by moving a tiny cantilever over it; the force experienced by the probe can be converted into a height measure. A scan of the whole surface then results in a height map of the sample.  The high-speed experimental set-up of Shibata and colleagues enabled extremely fast, repeated scans — convertible into movies — of the biomolecules taking part in the molecular scissoring action.

First, the scientists compared Cas9 without and with RNA attached (Cas9–RNA).  They found that the former was able to flexibly adopt various conformations, while the latter has a fixed, two-lobe structure, highlighting the conformational-stabilization ability of the guide RNA.  Then, Shibata and colleagues looked at how the stabilized Cas9–RNA complex targets DNA. They confirmed that it binds to a pre-selected protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) site in the DNA.  A PAM is a short nucleotide sequence located next to the DNA’s target site, which is complementary to the guide RNA.

The research team’s high-speed movies further revealed that targeting (‘DNA interrogation’) is achieved through 3D diffusion of the Cas9–RNA complex.  Finally, the researchers managed to visualize the dynamics of the cleavage process itself: they observed how the region of ‘molecular scissors’ undergoes conformational fluctuations after Cas9–RNA locally unwinds the double-stranded DNA .

The work of Shibata advances our understanding of the CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing mechanism.  In the words of the researchers: “… this study provides unprecedented details about the functional dynamics of CRISPR-Cas9, and highlights the potential of HS-AFM to elucidate the action mechanisms of RNA-guided effector nucleases from distinct CRISPR-Cas systems.”

Background

CRISPR-Cas9

CRISPR, short for “clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats”, refers to a set of bacterial DNA sequences containing fragments of the DNA of viruses having earlier attacked the bacteria.  These fragments are used by the bacteria to prevent further attacks by the same viruses.  “Cas” refers to CRISPR-associated genes; “Cas9” is a CRISPR-associated protein with two nuclease domains (A nuclease is an enzyme capable of cleaving nucleic acids, organic molecules present in DNA and RNA).

In recent years, a genetic-engineering technique where a CRISPR-Cas9 complex acts as ‘molecular scissors’ has been developed; the Cas9 nuclease binds to a guide RNA molecule that contains information about the DNA site to target.  Using high-speed atomic force microscopy, Mikihiro Shibata from Kanazawa University and colleagues have now studied the dynamics of the CRISPR-Cas9 complex in great detail. 

Atomic force microscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is an imaging technique in which the image is formed by scanning a surface with a very small tip. Horizontal scanning motion of the tip is controlled via piezoelectric elements, while vertical motion is converted into a height profile, resulting in a height distribution of the sample’s surface.  As the technique does not involve lenses, its resolution is not restricted by the so-called diffraction limit.  In a high-speed setup, AFM can be used to produce movies of a sample’s evolution in real time.  High-speed AFM has been used successfully to study protein dynamics, for example myosin V walking on an actin filament, the photo-induced conformational change of bacteriorhodopsin, and the degradation of cellulose.  Shibata and colleagues have now applied the high-speed AFM technique for visualizing the dynamics of DNA cleavage by CRISPR-Cas9.

Reference

Mikihiro Shibata, Hiroshi Nishimasu, Noriyuki Kodera, Seiichi Hirano, Toshio Ando, Takayuki Uchihashi & Osamu Nureki. Real-space and real-time dynamics of CRISPR-Cas9 visualized by high-speed atomic force microscopy. Nature Communications, 10th November 2017.

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01466-8

https://www.nature.com/articles/ s41467-017-01466-8

Figure 1. [Fig. 1B of the paper]

Structures of Cas9.  From left to right: Cas9 alone (apo-Cas9), Cas9 bound to RNA (Cas9–RNA), Cas9–RNA bound to its single-stranded DNA target (Cas9–RNA–DNA), Cas9–RNA bound to a partial DNA duplex (Cas9–RNA–DNA) and Cas9–RNA bound to its double-stranded DNA target (Cas9–RNA–DNA).

Movie 1. [Supplementary Movie 5 of the paper]

HS-AFM movies of DNA cleavage by Cas9–RNA. Fluctuations of the nuclease domain are indicated by magenta arrows. The cleavage products released from Cas9–RNA are indicated by blue arrows.

Provided by: Kanazawa University

[hammondcast]

On Air With Jazzbo Collins And Yoshi's Jon Hammond Band Feb. 9, 1994

#WATCHMOVIE HERE: On Air With Jazzbo Collins And Yoshi's Jon Hammond Band Feb. 9, 1994 Youtube https://youtu.be/Hjw0_uLg8-E On Air with Jazzbo Collins and Yoshi's Jon Hammond Band Feb. 9, 1994 - Preston pretty much kicked ass on this gig! -- Oakland CA -- original Yoshi's Oakland​ Gig Feb. 9th 1994, just after being on-the-air with Al "Jazzbo" Collins​ - watching the film now, sounds real good - Jon Hammond​ / Jon Hammond Band​ (quartet) - thanks Jason Olaine​ for the hit - James Preston​ drums (R.I.P.) Bennett Friedman tenor, Barry Finnerty​ gtr., Jon Hammond Organ Group​ http://www.jonhammondband.com all original music ©JON HAMMOND International Member ASCAP - AFM Local 6​ - Associated Musicians of Greater New York, Local 802 AFM​ Yoshi's Oakland​ didn't have any decent lights in those days! Jon Hammond​ - *Note: Broadcasting Legend Al Jazzbeaux Collins opens this film at KCSM 91.1FM, greatly missed!! - Jon Hammond Organ Group​ - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_%22Jazzbo%22_Collins Albert Richard "Jazzbo" Collins (January 4, 1919 – September 30, 1997) was an American disc jockey, radio personality and recording artist who was briefly the host of NBC television's Tonight show in 1957. Usage Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Al "Jazzbo" Collins Al "Jazzbeaux" Collins Born Albert Richard Collins January 4, 1919 Rochester, New York Died September 30, 1997 (aged 78) Marin County, California Born in Rochester, New York in 1919,[1] Collins grew up on Long Island, New York. In 1941, while attending the University of Miami in Florida, he substituted as the announcer on his English teacher's campus radio program, and decided he wanted to be in radio. Collins began his professional career as the disc jockey at a bluegrass station in Logan, West Virginia; by 1943, he was at WKPA in Pittsburgh, moving in 1945 to WIND in Chicago and in 1946 to Salt Lake City's KNAK. In 1950, he relocated to New York where he joined the staff of WNEW and became one of the "communicators" on NBC's Monitor when it began in 1955. Collins made several appearances on The Tonight Show with Steve Allen in the early 50s (and even briefly took over the show after Allen's departure; see below). In 1953, Allen adapted several nursery rhymes (including Little Red Riding Hood) into jazz-flavoured recitations, with Collins on vocals and Lou Stein on piano. "Jazzbo"[edit] The name "Jazzbo" derived from a product Collins had seen, a clip-on bowtie named Jazzbows. Just as Martin Block created the illusion that he was speaking from the Make Believe Ballroom, Collins claimed to be broadcasting from his inner sanctum, a place known as the Purple Grotto, an imaginary setting suggested by radio station WNEW's interior design, as Collins explained: I started my broadcast in Studio One which was painted all kinds of tints and shades of purple on huge polycylindricals which were vertically placed around the walls of the room to deflect the sound. It just happened to be that way. And with the turntables and desk and console and the lights turned down low, it had a very cavelike appearance to my imagination. So I got on the air, and the first thing I said was, "Hi, it's Jazzbo in the Purple Grotto." You never know where your thoughts are coming from, but the way it came out was that I was in a grotto, in this atmosphere with stalagtites and a lake and no telephones. I was using Nat Cole underneath me with "Easy Listening Blues" playing piano in the background. The Tonight Show and later work[edit] In 1957, NBC-TV installed him for five weeks as the host of the Tonight show when it was known as Tonight! America After Dark in the period between hosts Steve Allen and Jack Paar.[2] Also in 1957, Collins starred in (as himself) an episode of NBC radio's science fiction radio series X Minus One. By 1959, he was with KSFO in San Francisco, hanging out with the beatnik hipsters in North Beach. On-air, Jazzbo would say that he was broadcasting "from the purpleness of the Grotto", often mentioning his assistant "Harrison, the long-tailed purple Tasmanian owl". On the TV side, Collins hosted "The Al Collins Show," that aired mornings on KGO-TV. The format included light talk and guest appearances by local celebrities such as Moe Howard of The Three Stooges. Later in the 1960s, he was the host of Jazz for the Asking (VOA), and he worked with several Los Angeles stations during the late in the decade: KMET (1966), KFI (1967) and KGBS (1968). He officially changed the spelling of his name to Jazzbeaux when he went to Pittsburgh's WTAE in 1969. He moved to WIXZ in Pittsburgh (1973) before heading back to the West Coast three years later. While in Pittsburgh, he briefly hosted a late night television show entitled "Jazzbeauxz (with a 'z') Rehearsal", an eclectic sampling of anything that caught Collins' interest at the time, including a long-running hard-boiled-egg spinning contest. He conducted the program from a barber chair, as he had on a previous TV show. "Stinking badges"[edit] A popular segment on his show was the "no stinkin' badges" routine, a play on the famous exchange in the 1948 film The Treasure of the Sierra Madre. Al would politely request that the main guest for that day don a Mexican bandit costume, complete with ammo belts crossing the chest, six-guns in holsters, a huge sombrero and large fake mustache. The guest then had to pose in front of cameras and for the TV audience. With pistols pointing at the camera lens the guest had to say (with emphasis) "I don't got to show you no stinkin' badges." If the guest did not say it with sufficient sinister tone Collins made him or her repeat it until in Al's opinion the guest got it right. 1970s and beyond[edit] In 1976 Al Collins returned to San Francisco, working at KMPX, followed by a three-year all-night run at KGO which drew callers throughout the West Coast; he always opened his program with Count Basie's "Blues in Hoss Flat". He also worked a late night shift at KKIS AM (in Pittsburg, California, ironically) in 1980. After a stint in New York and WNEW (1981), Jazzbo was back in San Francisco at KSFO (1983) and KFRC (1986). Then came one more run at WNEW (1986–90), then KAPX (Marin County, California) in 1990, and finally a weekly jazz show at KCSM (College of San Mateo, California) from 1993 to his death. Al Collins died on September 30, 1997, at the age of 78, from pancreatic cancer. Producer Jon Hammond Language English Jon's archive https://archive.org/details/ChrisCortezKCSMHammondsBoleroInfoOnAirJonHammondTrio Vimeo https://vimeo.com/209616409 Youtube https://youtu.be/zJzD_iVwb4o Chris Rydm King Cortez Midday Jazz on KCSM Jazz 91, just played a track from Hammond's Bolero Jon Hammond Trio album giving info on the air at 91.1 on the FM Dial Producer Jon Hammond Language English Vimeo https://vimeo.com/209616409 Jon Hammond holding a copy of Hammond's Bolero at CD Release Party - Le Bar Bat New York City Jon Hammond and Joe Berger on cruise ship Horizon Celebrity Cruises en route to Bermuda from New York City Original art by Illustratorp aka Michael August on Hammond's Bolero CD disk Ham-Berger-Friz Records Jon Hammond at Hammond's Bolero CD Release Kiosk inside Tower Records Store legendary San Francisco location on Columbus Ave North Beach Ronnie Smith Jr. at Jon Hammond gig in Louisville Kentucky Hammond's Bolero CD Cover with photo of Jon Hammond Trio on the railroad tracks L to R Alex Budman, Ronnie Smith, Jon Hammond Excelsior Accordion Jon Hammond at his 1965 Hammond B3 organ with James Preston drummer of Sons of Champlin band in concert in front of San Francisco City Hall Jon Hammond Show MNN TV Broadcast 03 25 Jon's archive https://archive.org/details/JonHammondShowMNNTVBroadcast0325 Vimeo https://vimeo.com/209023322 Jon Hammond Show MNN TV Broadcast 03 25 Manhattan Neighborhood Network Channel 1 ©JON HAMMOND International NAMM Show Jazz Returns to musikmesse ProLight + Sound 2017 Jon Hammond + Allstar Band featuring Lee Oskar Multimedia Cool jazz Improvisation EVENTS MESSEFRANKFURT http://events.messefrankfurt.com/2017/musikmesse2017/Calendar Outdoor area Hall P10, Amazon Center Stage Wednesday and Thursday 1 PM - 1:30 PM wednesday, 05.04.2017, 1:00 pm - 1:30 pm Outdoor area Hall P10, Amazon Center St Zu Favoriten hinzufügen Share Jon Hammond + Allstar Band featuring Lee Oskar Genre: Funky Jazz and Blues - official moderation by Eleftherios Mavros event announcer #Mavros #Mavro #Amazon #CenterStage Jon Hammond: It was because of musikmesse and the many contacts I made there that I moved to Frankfurt for 2 years of my life. After the 2 years in Frankfurt, 1 year in Paris and then 2 years in Hamburg in the North. The whole time living in Europe Jon continued producing and sending in The Jon Hammond Show TV shows for broadcast in New York City on Manhattan Cable TV. Jon Hammond with Joe Lamond President CEO NAMM - Believe in Music Award Recipient #BelieveInMusic #NAMM Jon Hammond Show - multimedia cool jazz improvisation #multimedia #cooljazz #improvisation In Hamburg Jon Hammond worked together with Knut Benzner Moderator / Journalist of NDR and released his album “Late Rent” on Hot Wire Records which was distributed by EFA Medien. Joe Berger is a well-known guitarist and audio engineer who has worked and toured with John Entwistle of The WHO and world stars - he stopped counting at 35,000 bands! Jon and Joe began working together in the year 1986 and touring worldwide. Giovanni Totò Gulino has backed up everybody in Frankfurt - he is one of the best drummers in Hessen, and long-time haus drummer for the world famous jazzkeller. Peter Klohmann is a rising star on tenor saxophone - he has already been featured on HR Radio together with the hr-bigband and is also a composer. This is The Jon Hammond Band, and we are very proud and excited to announce a very special guest joining the boys on Center Stage: Lee Oskar! Original member of the band WAR and manufacturer of the famous LEE OSKAR Harmonicas, come visit Lee at his stand at musikmesse 2017 and hear him playing his unique famous style together with Jon Hammond All Star Band, see you there! Peter Klohmann - tenor saxophone Giovanni Totò Gulino - drums Joe Berger - guitar Jon Hammond - organ Special Guest: Lee Oskar - harmonica #NOTE: Thursday April 6th 1PM Amazon Center Stage Jon Hammond's Special Mystery Guest from USA *Hint: DRUMS Remembering my friend Al Jazzbeaux Collins aka Jazzbo - Jon Hammond Jazzbeaux Collins, Al Jazzbo Collins, Jon Hammond, Yoshi's Oakland, Bennett Friedman, James Preston, #HammondOrgan #AFMLocal6 #MusiciansUnion #HammondOrgan #Jazzbo

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