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#C S Foster is a sadist
macaron-n-cheese · 7 months
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Watching Hornblower again ☺️☺️☺️
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WTF 1 horny guy got at least 20 people killed I WILL KILL SEX
(spoilers in tags)
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jiyeonnnn · 2 years
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LUX RUBRUM: POSSESSION — L. JENO
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𓆩♡𓆪 IDOL: LEE JENO
𓆩♡𓆪 WARNINGS: STEPBROTHER JENO, BOTTOM MALE READER, POSSESSIVE JENO, ROUGH SEX, RIDING, DEGRADATION, DIRTY TALK, CREAMPIE
𓆩♡𓆪 SENT BY: anonymous
𓆩♡𓆪 Hello dear i really love your fics. Can I request a oneshot jeno for the 1k event? Possessive stepbrother jeno pleathe 😭 i just had the thought of jeno hyung punishing his younger step brother for flirting with his friends in front of him. There's not much of a plot I have in mind so yeah 😭
𓆩♡𓆪 AUTHOR’S NOTE: i'm not really sure about this, because i just based this fic on this video (nsfw link, mdni) but yeah— i'm having a hard time writing anything as of the moment but i'm trying to get back to it 😭 i hope y'all like it.
𓆩♡𓆪 LUX RUBRUM EVENT
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Deep grunts from Jeno filled up the room as he buried his cock deep inside your hole. He held you tightly on his thighs, recklessly bouncing you up and down on his cock. Profuse amount of precum smearing your sensitive tip as you were getting ruined by your step brother into nothingness out of pure jealousy.
Along with you bouncing at an animalistic pace, Jeno also thrusted his hips up and down quite harshly, reaching the deepest parts of your hole while bruising your abused prostate. The musky scent lingering around the room, together with the sinful noises of moans and constant squelchings had you wanting and arousing for more. "H-HYUNG SLOW DOWN!" you tried to protest, but to no avail, Jeno could only quicken his pace up, completely not caring about your pathetic pleases.Your legs began to shake quite terribly, moans of pure lust and rhapsody spilling out of your mouth as Jeno continued on his prurient thrusts. "If only you hadn't been such a needy bitch in front of my friends, I would've been rewarding you right now, baby boy," he moaned a deep grunt, "you just really wanted to get wrecked like a whore, don't you, hm?" He said before taking a sadistic bite on your shoulder that would surely leave a mark.
"H-HYUNG WHAT DID I DO— FUCK! WHY ARE YOU SO— AH!" you tried to speak up, only to be cut off by your own moans, your hole getting stretched and ruined the way that your step brother normally wouldn't do — he was always soft and gentle when it comes to you — but here you are right now, in a position where your brother could sinfully fuck you like the little bitch you are. "You really come out there earlier only wearing your skimpy clothing, showing yourself to my bandmates hm?! Did you know how dirty Haechan and Mark were looking at you?! Was it all a show for me to wreck you like this, huh?!" he moaned loudly while slamming you down hard on his erected dick, causing you to release another loud whimper.
"And you have the audacity to flirt with them in front of me?! Letting them touch your thighs like you're theirs?!" He growled as he took a tight hold of your hair, making you arch your back more. You couldn't describe what noises were spilling out of your dirty mouth right now, the way he fucks your hole sent in new and foreign, yet pleasurable sensations inside your stomach made you moan his name like a chant, a prayer at that. Jeno's cock hit your prostate in repeat, his tip brushing up against your sensitive spot as he spew out the dirtiest words you could ever hear, the intoxicating musk and the tension build up, you couldn't comprehend anything right now but the feeling of your step brother's dick filling you up.
"C-CUMMING!" you yelled, holding onto his shoulders for dear life, completely not giving any fucks if your foster parents nor anyone could hear you right now. You felt a familiar build up inside your stomach as you gripped his shoulders tightly while losing your rhythm on bouncing on his cock.
"No one can fuck you like this, my slut. Your body is mine, mine to fuck, use and love for however I want. You. Are. My. Fucking. Possession!" He said, his possessiveness coming out right now as he slapped your face unforgivingly, and it turned you on even more.
Jeno snaked one of his hands on your erected nipple, and one on your leaking cock before playing with them. His hand fondled your nipple as the other one jerked your cock off as he took a deep glare on your neck, looking at it like it was a clean canvas for him to leave his beautiful marks on. Your mind got fogged up with hazy thoughts as Jeno began sucking your neck, your eyes crossing in so much pleasure that intelligible words failed to come out of your mouth.
"I can't last more— DADDY!" you cried once again, mindlessly thinking about what to call him as he fucks you hard. Jeno's ears perked up at the given nickname that his upward thrusts began going at a pace that you've not experienced before.
"DADDY!" you moaned out more, clenching your walls tightly around his cock that made you earn a deep grunt from Jeno. Your cock started to pulsate and throb quite hard that you didn't know if you were going to pee or cum, and without any more time, your cock spurted out copious amounts of cum, some landing on Jeno's chest and some on his face. Although having you ride a hard orgasm, Jeno didn't show any signs of slowing down anytime soon, too eager to chase his own orgasm in you, making you feel more overstimulated and sensitive than you ever were. Your voice started to break and get hoarse from how hard he was doing you, everything was overwhelming. The smell of sin clouded the room as Jeno's thrusts and hold on you lost their rhythm and consistency, his hold on your waist got tighter while hitching his breath, yet the way he slammed you down was still harsh that your prostate was still getting hit time by time. "FUCK! Hyung's going to cum inside you now, you'd love that wouldn't you? I know you love it," he said before releasing a loud moan as he spilled his load inside your hole. You felt his cum gush on your walls that you started to feel bloated from how hard he came. You came, again, just right after your step brother rode his orgasm, heavy pants coming out of you before falling on his chest weakly, catching your breath while hugging him tight.
Jeno did the same as he left a sweet peck on your forehead. "I'm sorry for being rough on you, my sweet boy. I didn't mean to, I just lost my control after seeing you flirt with my bandmates—" he tried to explain but you were quick to cut him off with a passionate kiss. "Ssssh, hyung. I purposely did that to make you fuck me like this," you stated with a giggle that made him smile instantaneously. He spanked your ass playfully before picking you up, "such a naughty little prince~ let's get cleaned up, yeah?" he asked, to which you responded with a smile and a small nod.
Maybe you should flirt with his friends more.
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whatdoangelsdreamof · 4 years
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Repost DON’T reblog BOLD all that applies to your muse.
Z a c k
• eyes: blue | green | brown | hazel | gray | gray-blue | other
• hair: blonde | sandy | brown | black | auburn | ginger | red | grey / white | multi-color
• body type: skinny | slender | slim | built | curvy | athletic | average | muscular | pudgy
• skin: pale | light | fair | freckled | tan | olive | medium | dark | discolored | scarred
• gender: male | female | trans | cis | agender | demigender | genderfluid | other | doesn’t like labels | don’t have any definite headcanon either way
• sexuality: heterosexual | homosexual | bisexual | pansexual | asexual | demisexual | other | doesn’t like labels
• romantic orientation: homoromantic | heteroromantic | biromantic | panromantic | aromantic | demiromantic | unsure | doesn’t like labels
• species: human | undead | shapeshifter | demon | angel | witch | ghost | incubus / succubus | werewolf | alien | mutant | android | cyborg | other
• education: high school | college | university | master’s degree | PhD | M.D. | self-taught | other
• has been: in love | hurt | ill | mentally abused | bullied I’m looking at you Gen | physically abused | tortured | brainwashed | shot | stabbed
• positive traits: affectionate | adventurous | athletic | brave | careful | charming | confident | creative | cunning | determined | forgiving | generous | honest | humorous | intelligent | loyal | modest | patient | selfless | polite | down-to-earth | diligent | romantic | moral | fun-loving | charismatic | calm
• negative traits: aggressive | arrogant | argumentative | bossy | cynical | envious | shy | fearful | selfish | gullible | jealous | impatient | impulsive | cocky | reckless | insecure | irresponsible | mistrustful | dramatic | paranoid | possessive | sarcastic | self-conscious | swears | unstable | clumsy | rebellious | emotional | vengeful | anxious | self-sabotaging | moody | peevish | angry | pessimistic | slacker | thin-skinned | dishonest | vindictive | volatile | rude | disloyal | cruel | sadistic | masochist | violent | manipulative | vain | narcissistic
• living situation: lives alone | lives with parent(s) / guardian | lives with significant other | lives with friends | drifter | homeless | lives with children | other
• parents/guardian: mother | father | adoptive | foster | grandmother | grandfather | deceased | disowned
• sibling(s): sister | brother | none | other
• relationship: single | crushing | dating | engaged | married | separated | it’s complicated
• has: learning disorder | personality disorder | mental health issue | anxiety disorder | sleep disorder | eating disorder | behavioral disorder | developmental disorder | substance-related disorder | PTSD | mental disability | physical disability
• done before: had alcohol | smoked | stolen | done drugs | self-harmed | starved | gotten into a fistfight | gone to hospital | gone to jail | used a fake ID | played hooky | gone to a rave | killed someone | had someone try to kill them
tagged by: @nibelheimraised Q u Q thank you~
tagging: @unforestalledreturn @coscuvilheiro @dxgmygrxve iggy??? @salt-water-and-glaives
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planetsxend · 4 years
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Repost DON’T reblog BOLD all that applies to your muse.
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• eyes: blue | green | brown | hazel | gray | gray-blue | other (gold)
• hair: blonde | sandy | brown | black | auburn | ginger | red | grey / white | multi-color
• body type: skinny | slender | slim | built | curvy | athletic | average | muscular | pudgy
• skin: pale | light | fair | freckled | tan | olive | medium | dark | discolored (left arm) | scarred
• gender: male | female | trans | cis | agender | demigender | genderfluid | other | doesn’t like labels | don’t have any definite headcanon either way
• sexuality: heterosexual | homosexual | bisexual | pansexual | asexual | demisexual | other | doesn’t like labels
• romantic orientation: homoromantic | heteroromantic | biromantic | panromantic | aromantic | demiromantic | unsure | doesn’t like labels
• species: human | undead | shapeshifter | demon (assumed) | angel | witch | ghost | incubus / succubus | werewolf | alien | mutant | android | cyborg | other (Planetary WEAPON)
• education: high school | college | university | master’s degree | PhD | M.D. | self-taught | other (plucked from the brain of his former host)
• has been: in love | hurt | ill | mentally abused | bullied | physically abused | tortured | brainwashed | shot | stabbed
• positive traits: affectionate (to a handful of others) | adventurous | athletic | brave | careful | charming | confident | creative | cunning | determined | forgiving | generous | honest | humorous | intelligent | loyal | modest | patient | selfless (HC & verse dependent) | polite | down-to-earth | diligent | romantic | moral | fun-loving | charismatic | calm
• negative traits: aggressive | arrogant | argumentative | bossy | cynical | envious | shy | fearful | selfish (occasionally) | gullible | jealous | impatient | impulsive | cocky | reckless | insecure | irresponsible | mistrustful (Shin-Ra, Turks, scientists) | dramatic | paranoid | possessive | sarcastic | self-conscious | swears | unstable | clumsy | rebellious | emotional | vengeful | anxious | self-sabotaging | moody | peevish | angry | pessimistic | slacker | thin-skinned | dishonest | vindictive | volatile | rude | disloyal | cruel | sadistic | masochist | violent | manipulative | vain | narcissistic
• living situation: lives alone | lives with parent(s) / guardian | lives with significant other | lives with friends | drifter | homeless | lives with children | other
• parents/guardian: mother | father | adoptive | foster | grandmother | grandfather | deceased | disowned | other
• sibling(s): sister | brother | none | other (all WEAPONs)
• relationship: single (verse dependent) | crushing (coughZackcough) | dating | engaged | married | separated | IT’S C O M P L I C A T E D (Vincent)
• has: learning disorder | personality disorder | mental health issue | anxiety disorder | sleep disorder | eating disorder | behavioral disorder | developmental disorder | substance-related disorder | PTSD | mental disability | physical disability
• done before: had alcohol | smoked (once) | stolen | done drugs | self-harmed | starved | gotten into a fistfight | gone to hospital Hojo’s tender mercies | gone to jail coffin time-out | used a fake ID | played hooky | gone to a rave | killed someone | had someone try to kill them
Tagged by: @nibelheimraised​ Tagging: N/A - steal it off me and let me read about your characters ouo
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miriossunshine · 4 years
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(✨ 1/2) hihi its me again! so i have another oc matchup request!! her name is niko kikyo and she's lesbian & 16. she has a ghost quirk, which grants her the ability to behave like a ghost: turn invisible, pass through solid objects, float, and possess. she loves playing chess, the piano, & board games. she's pretty sadistic herself and easily gets jealous & possessive when it comes to her s/o.
hi angel!! it’s great to see u again 💜💜💜💕💕💜💜
continued: (✨ 2/2) she's afraid of being abandoned, which is why she acts so territorial. she was abandoned by her parents at a very young age and was taken in by a foster family. she can be sometimes clingy towards the people she loves because of the abandonment. she's very smart & resourceful as well and scores very high on her tests. she helps take care of her foster siblings, so she can be considered as a very responsible individual.
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i ship her with mei hatsume!
mei would be so so interested in niko’s quirk and is always asking questions about it! she also happily makes any gadgets that may help niko in combat :3
i think mei would enjoy playing mentally stimulating games like chess and board games with niko!!
mei might be oblivious to niko’s territorial tendencies, so i don’t see her minding that much if niko gets jealous easily. mei also is really oblivious to things like personal space so i doubt she’d mind a clingy partner <3
they’re both incredibly smart and resourceful!!!
mei would make niko’s foster siblings cute lil gadgets to play with \(//∇//)\
mei would feel an unfamiliar wave of emotions after hearing niko’s backstory and is a lot more observant and understanding of her girlfriend’s abandonment issues. mei always offers her support and listens intently to niko whenever she needs to talk about her past :c💜
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mtchstck-archive · 5 years
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𝑇𝑅𝐴𝐼𝑇𝑆 & 𝐶𝐻𝐴𝑅𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐸𝑅𝐼𝑆𝑇𝐼𝐶𝑆 repost  &  tag  away ! BOLD all that applies to your muse. italicized  -  applicable in certain situations
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• eyes:  blue | green | brown | hazel | gray | gray-blue | other  • hair:   blonde | sandy | brown | black | auburn | ginger | grey / white | multi-color | other • body type:   skinny | slender | slim | built | curvy | athletic | average | muscular | pudgy • skin:   pale | light | fair | freckled | tan | olive | medium | warm brown | dark | discolored | scarred •orientation:   heterosexual | homosexual | bisexual | pansexual | asexual | demisexual | other | doesn’t like labels • species:   human(?) | undead | shapeshifter | demon | former angel | witch | ghost | incubus / succubus | werewolf | alien | mutant | android | cyborg • education:  high school | college | university | master’s degree | PhD | M.D. | self taught | middle school • has been: in love | hurt | ill | mentally abused | bullied | physically abused | tortured | brainwashed | shot | stabbed • positive traits: affectionate | adventurous | athletic | brave | careful | charming | confident | creative | cunning | determined | forgiving | generous | honest | humorous | intelligent | loyal | modest | patient | selfless | polite | down-to-earth | diligent | romantic | moral | fun-loving | charismatic | calm | • negative traits: aggressive | arrogant | argumentative | bossy | cynical | envious | shy | fearful | selfish | gullible | jealous | impatient | impulsive | cocky | reckless | insecure | irresponsible | mistrustful | dramatic | paranoid | possessive | sarcastic | self-conscious | swears | unstable | clumsy | rebellious | emotional | vengeful | anxious | self-sabotaging | moody | peevish | angry | pessimistic | slacker | thin skinned | dishonest | vindictive | volatile | rude | disloyal | cruel | sadistic | masochist | violent | manipulative | vain | narcissistic • living situation:   lives alone | lives with parent(s) / guardian | lives with significant other | lives with a friend | drifter | homeless | lives with children | other  • parents/guardian:   mother | father | adoptive | foster | grandmother | grandfather | uncle | aunt | deceased | disowned • sibling(s):  sister | brother | none | other • relationship:   single | crushing | dating | engaged | married | separated | it’s complicated • has:   learning disorder | personality disorder | mental health issue | anxiety disorder | sleep disorder | eating disorder | behavioral disorder | developmental disorder | substance-related disorder | C-PTSD | mental disability | physical disability | • done before:   had alcohol | smoked | stolen | done drugs | self-harmed | starved | gotten into a fist fight | gone to hospital | gone to jail | used a fake ID | played hooky | gone to a rave | killed someone | had someone try to kill them  
tagged by: i stole it from @snakeley​ with my malevolent lil raccoon hands  tagging: u my guy!
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redbromario · 5 years
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CHARACTER STUDY
                             TRAITS & CHARACTERISTICS                                  
                                       repost  &  tag  away !  
                                     BOLD all that applies to your muse.                                      italicized  -  applicable in some way.
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• eyes:   blue | green | brown | hazel | gray | gray-blue | other  • hair:   blond | sandy | brown | black | auburn | ginger | grey / white | multi-color | other   • body type:   skinny | slender | slim | built | curvy | athletic | average | muscular | pudgy | overweight • skin:   pale | light | fair | freckled | tan | olive | medium | dark | discolored | other  • gender:   male | female | trans | cis | agender | demigender | genderfluid | other   • sexuality:   heterosexual | homosexual | bisexual | pansexual | asexual | demisexual | other | unsure | doesn’t like labels • romantic orientation:   homoromantic | heteroromantic | biromantic |  panromantic | aromantic | demiromantic | unsure | doesn’t like labels • species:   human | undead | shapeshifter | demon | angel | witch | ghost | incubus / succubus | werewolf | alien | mutant | android | other  
 education:   high school | college(?) | university | master’s degree | PhD | other  | none | self-taught • i’ve been:  in love  | hurt | ill | mentally abused | bullied ( by King Boo >:C ) | physically abused | tortured ( once again, by the brainlet King Boo >:CCC ) | brainwashed | shot | stabbed
• positive traits:  affectionate | adventurous | affable | athletic | brave | careful | charming | confident | creative | cunning | determined | forgiving | generous | honest | humorous | intelligent | loyal | modest | patient | selfless | polite | down-to-earth | diligent | romantic | moral | fun-loving | charismatic | calm | gregarious • negative traits:  aggressive | bossy | brutal | cynical | callous | conceited | devious | envious | shy | fearful | greedy | gullible | jealous | homicidal | impatient | immoral | impulsive | idealistic | cocky | reckless | insecure | irresponsible | mistrustful | paranoid | possessive | sarcastic | self-conscious | selfish | swears | sadistic | unstable | clumsy | rebellious | emotional | vengeful | anxious | self-sabotaging | moody | nosy | peevish | angry | pessimistic | slacker | mischievous | thin skinned | overly dramatic | argumentative
• living situation:   lives alone | lives with parent(s) / guardian | lives with significant other | lives with a friend | drifter | homeless | lives with children   | other  ( lives with brother ) • parents/guardian:   mother | father | adoptive | aunt | uncle | foster | grandmother | grandfather | other  • sibling(s):   sister | brother | none | other   • relationship:   single  | crushing  | engaged | not-married | separated | it’s complicated
• i have a(n):   developmental disorder | learning disorder | personality disorder | mental disorder | anxiety disorder | sleep disorder | eating disorder | behavioral disorder | substance-related disorder | PTSD | mental disability | physical disability | other
• things i’ve done before:   had alcohol | smoked | stolen   | done drugs | self-harmed | starved   | had sex | had a threesome | had a one-night stand | gotten into a fist fight | gone to hospital | gone to jail | used a fake ID | played hooky | gone to a rave | killed someone | had someone try to kill them | has been married numerous times
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fatummortem · 5 years
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𝐶 𝐻 𝐴 𝑅 𝐴 𝐶 𝑇 𝐸 𝑅   𝑆 𝑇 𝑈 𝐷 𝑌  
         𝑇𝑅𝐴𝐼𝑇𝑆 & 𝐶𝐻𝐴𝑅𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐸𝑅𝐼𝑆𝑇𝐼𝐶𝑆
                         repost  &  tag  away !  
                         BOLD all that applies to your muse.                       italicized  -  applicable in some verses.
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• eyes:   blue | green | brown | hazel | gray | gray-blue | other (baby blue, only one eye • hair:   blond | sandy | brown | black | auburn | ginger | grey / white | multi-color | other • body type:   skinny | slender | slim | built | curvy | athletic | average | muscular | pudgy | fat • skin:   pale | light | fair | freckled | tan | olive | medium | dark | discolored | scarred • gender:   male | female | trans | cis | agender | demigender | genderfluid | other | doesn’t like labels | don’t have any definite headcanon either way • sexuality:   heterosexual | homosexual | bisexual | pansexual | asexual | demisexual | other |doesn’t like labels • romantic orientation:   homoromantic | heteroromantic | biromantic | panromantic |aromantic | demiromantic | unsure | doesn’t like labels
• species:   human | undead | shapeshifter | demon | angel | witch | ghost | incubus / succubus | werewolf | alien | mutant | android | metahuman • education: ( some ) high school | college | university | master’s degree | PhD | M.D. | self taught | highly tutored • has been: in love | hurt | ill | mentally abused | bullied | physically abused | tortured | brainwashed | shot
• positive traits:  affectionate | adventurous | athletic | brave | careful | charming | confident | creative | cunning | determined | forgiving | generous | honest | humorous | intelligent | loyal | modest | patient | selfless | polite | down-to-earth | diligent | romantic | moral | fun-loving | charismatic | calm • negative traits: aggressive | arrogant | argumentative | bossy | cynical | envious | shy | fearful | selfish | gullible | jealous | impatient | impulsive | cocky | reckless | insecure | irresponsible | mistrustful | dramatic | paranoid | possessive | sarcastic | self-conscious | selfish | swears | unstable | clumsy | rebellious | emotional | vengeful | anxious | self-sabotaging | moody | peevish | angry | pessimistic | slacker | thin skinned | dishonest | vindictive | volatile | rude | disloyal | cruel | sadistic | masochist | violent | manipulative | vain | narcissistic |
• living situation:   lives alone | lives with parent(s) / guardian | lives with significant other | lives with a friend | drifter | homeless | lives with children | other • parents/guardian:   mother | father | adoptive | foster | grandmother | grandfather | deceased (mother, adoptive parents- all killed by half-uncle) | disowned (by father, before the serum hilariously enough) • sibling(s): sister(s) | brother(s) (half-siblings) | none | other • relationship:   single | crushing | dating | engaged | married | separated | it’s complicated
• have a(n):   learning disorder | personality disorder | mental health issue | anxiety disorder | sleep disorder (chronic insomnia- nightmares) | eating disorder | behavioral disorder (psychosis) | developmental disorder | substance-related disorder | PTSD | mental disability | physical disability (loss of eye)
• done before:   had alcohol | smoked | stolen | done drugs (variations of adrenaline only) | self-harmed (serum only) | starved | had sex | had a threesome | had a one-night stand | gotten into a fist fight | gone to hospital (childhood training accident- coma) | gone to jail (found not guilty for temporary insanity) | used a fake ID (even her birth certificate is faked by the government) | played hooky | gone to a rave | killed someone | had someone try to kill me
tagged by: @deborahmorgna tagging: anyone who wants to c:
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96thdayofrage · 6 years
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In 1977 it was revealed that random American citizens were abducted & tortured for research by the CIA.   Project MK Ultra was the code name for a series of covert activities beginning in the early 1950’s, similarly to those that occurred in Jonestown.
Following the defeat of Germany in 1945, the predecessor to the CIA, the OSS: Office of Strategic Services recruited Nazi doctores and scientists for employment by the United States under the directions and supervision of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
The operation was called Paperclip. Operation Paperclip was the recruitment of German doctors and scientists who were experts in a wide array of sciences, ranging from rocketry to torture.
Contrary to false history and propaganda, Josef Mengele was indeed among one of the doctors recruited under Paperclip.
Several programs were started which focused on the effects of drugs for interrogation purposes.   The United States Navy started Project Chatter in 1947 and focused on identifying and testing the use of drugs on human and animal subjects.
Under control of the intelligence divisions of the Army, Air Force, Navy, and FBI was another operation called Project Artichoke. Project Artichoke focused on the use of hypnosis, forced morphine addiction, and the use of other chemicals and methods.
Project Artichoke was renamed MK-Ultra which initially began human experimentation on CIA employees and military personnel, but soon began to include prostitutes, the mentally ill and abducted American & Canadian citizens.
Operation Midnight Climax was a project operating under the banner of MK-Ultra, which consisted of a web of CIA-run safe houses in San Francisco, Marin, and New York.
Prostitutes on the CIA payroll were paid to lure clients to these safe houses, where the men would be drugged and monitored behind one way glass. This method of human experimentation was desired because the victims, when released, would be too embarrassed to disclose the events.
In 1973, CIA director Richard Helms ordered the destruction of all documents pertaining to MK-Ultra. Due to the destruction of these records, it is difficult or impossible to perform additional research into MK-Ultra or the 150 individually funded sub-projects that operated under the MK-Ultra banner.
In 1974 The New York Times reported the CIA conducted illegal domestic activities, including experiments on U.S. citizens, which prompted Congress to intervene and conduct investigations.
The Church Committee and Rockefeller Commission both released reports in 1975 that revealed that the CIA and Department of Defense conducted experiments on citizens without their consent.
The Church Committee concluded that “prior consent was obviously not obtained from any of the subjects. How could MK ULTRA mind control not have not even been considered in the case of Jonestown since cults are breeding grounds for brainwashing and the fact thatJones used CIA MK ULTRA torture techniques to the letter.
Did Jim Jones have the manual?  Or was he himself an operative?
All indications identify Jim Jones as both a programmer and an MK ULTRA Manchurian candidate.   The controlled mass media have created a myth, the legend of Jonestown.
Carved out of the jungles of Guyana on the northeast coast of South America, a fanatical group of followers of the Rev. Jim Jones, were led to the jungles of South America to get away from the oppression of life in America.
Reports that Jones’ followers willingly followed their leader in a revolutionary mass suicide by sipping purple Kool-Aid laced cyanide cocktails. Another myth that has become a part of pop-cult-ure: Drink the cool-aid. Jonestown has been inexorably linked to that infamous false phrase.
The Kool Aid pop-cult-ural application is actually a huge deception. It is time to smash the myth and expose the immutable facts of a Black Op cover-up at Jonestown.
U.S. Army spokesmen quickly announced no autopsies were needed stating that the cause of death was not an issue in the case.
Despite the Black-Op coverup, Dr. C. Leslie Mootoo, the top Guyanese pathologist, who examined the bodies found fresh needle marks at the back of the left shoulder blades on 80 to 90 percent of the victims. Others were strangled or shot. Of course, this fact did not make the evening news.
A surviving witness stated that resisters were forced by armed guards to comply. Many were shot. Dr. Mootoo’s opinion, and that of the Guyanese grand jury investigating Jonestown, was that all but three were murdered by “persons unknown.” Of these three, only two of which were suicides.
There is more. Much more.
On November 18 1978, it was reported that 913 people committed suicide in Jonestown. The suicide hoax is merely the beginning of the deception to cover up the MK ULTRA mind control black operation.
The original death count was 408. Initial reports noted that an additional 700 fled into the jungle.   Soon after, the final death toll was changed to 913, noting the large error was due to bodies being stacked on top of one another.
Of the 150 photos taken of the massacre, not one shows any body lying under any others.   Those who first worked on the bodies, to release the gasses of decay, had to puncture the dead, making it unlikely that they missed anyone.
How could 408 bodies, 82 of them children cover 505 others? With little exception, pictures show the dead in neat rows, face down. The pictures also expose drag marks leading to the bodies, indicating that victims were murdered elsewhere and placed there after death.
These facts have lead to a more likely conclusion: 408 was indeed the correct original body count. The other 505 were hunted down and slaughtered, then dragged back. But by who?
And why were American officials giving such deceptive answers about Jonestown? Because Jim Jones, an enigmatic Bible-thumping charlatan faith healer who according to his landlady, “used the Bible instead of a gun” had deep ties to the CIA. The evidence of this is overwhelming.
The CIA connection begins with Jones’ childhood friend Dan Mitrione who was the local police chief in the early days of Jones’s “ministry” in Indianapolis, Indiana.
Mitrione later entered the International Police Academy, a CIA front for training in torture and counterinsurgency techniques that were later used at Jonestown.
In 1961, depite being broke, Jones somehow found the funds to travel to Brazil. Wouldn’t you know that Dan Mitrione was there as well, practicing his CIA torture and assassination training on kidnapped beggars.
(Mitrione was himself later kidnapped and murdered by guerrillas in Uruguay.)
Jim Jones went to live in Brazil with his wife and made several visits to the City of Belo Horizonte where the CIA’s Brazilian headquarters was located and where Dan Mitrione resided.
During this time Jim Jones adopted as many as 150 foster children. Most were actually sent to the People’s Temple by court order. Many of these children were horribly abused and traumatized in sadistic CIA mind control experiments.
As mentioned, the Temple had a strong associations with World Vision and a mercenary rebel army backed by the CIA called UNITA.
If you haven’t connected all the dots yet, don’t worry there are many more links exposing the truth about Jim Jones. He was involved in the U.S. Office of Naval Intelligence. The U.S. embassy even provided him with transportation, groceries, and a large home. He was an asset. An operative.
His close friendship with Mitrione and the CIA’s funding of “ministries” in Latin America amplifies the fact that Jim Jones was an obvious U.S. intelligence asset as early as 1961.
According to a neighbor at that time, Jones, had no money but “lived like a rich man.” Soon after the JFK assassination, Jones returned to the states with $10,000.
Where did Jones, a broke pastor get these funds? Evidence leads to the CIA Skull and Bones Brotherhood. The Brotherhood of Death.
Despite his ultra right-wing background, Jones suddenly declared himself a liberal socialist — and called himself a reincarnation of both Jesus Christ and Lenin. For people to follow this man shows how easily they can be manipulated.
Sadly, much social control has been applied to Our world in both politics and pop-culture. The insanity is, that the Reverend Jim Jones would be considered a hero today by most liberals for his New Age Utopian philosophies and desire to homogenize society, erasing the barriers of race and sexual orientation. He would be seen as a hero, if not for the dark truth behind the lie.
Utopia is hell. Enslavement. Suffering. Torment.
Like with all liberal issues, the veneer is quite different than the results. The devil is in the details.
Jim Jones took everything he could from his liberal multi-racial followers. He fleeced them good. From their welfare and social security checks to properties and bank accounts. Using extortion, blackmail, torture and psychological warfare to shear his flock of their assets and worldly possessions for the perceived betterment of all in the collectivist Utopian society created by Jones.
By 1965, Jones had formed the first People’s Temple in Ukiah, California. He also set up Happy Havens Rest Home, which was a front for MK ULTRA experiments.
His totalitarian socialism was eagerly endorsed by the elite, but a cloud of suspicion began to gather around the People’s Temple. A church that was staffed by jack-booted Nazi-esque armed thugs dressed in black SS styled uniforms started raising some eyebrows.
Without proper licensing or trained personnel, Jones drew in prisoners, the elderly, people from mental institutions. Of course, he was not arrested, rather he himself was fostered. . . by the CIA.
Among those who contacted Jones were “missionaries” from World Vision, an international evangelical order that was a front group for the CIA.
Jones’ advisors included a mercenary from UNITA, the CIA-backed Angola army.
Family of U.C. Berkeley chemist Dr. Laurence Laird Layton were also involved. Dr. Layton had worked on the Manhattan Project. Dr. Layton was also chief of the Army’s Chemical Warfare Division in the early 1950’s, where the seeds of Project Artichoke and MK ULTRA were sown.
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abvnai-a · 5 years
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𝑇𝑅𝐴𝐼𝑇𝑆 & 𝐶𝐻𝐴𝑅𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐸𝑅𝐼𝑆𝑇𝐼𝐶𝑆 repost  &  tag  away ! BOLD all that applies to your muse. italicized  -  applicable in certain situations
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• eyes:  blue | green | brown | hazel | gray | gray-blue | other • hair:   blonde | sandy | brown | black | auburn | ginger | grey / white | multi-color | other • body type:   skinny | slender | slim | built | curvy | athletic | average | muscular | pudgy • skin:   pale | light | fair | freckled | tan | olive | medium | warm brown | dark | discolored | scarred •orientation:   heterosexual | homosexual | bisexual | pansexual | asexual | demisexual | other | doesn’t like labels • species:   human(?) | undead | shapeshifter | demon | former angel | witch | ghost | incubus / succubus | werewolf | alien | mutant | android | cyborg • education:  high school | college | university | master’s degree | PhD | M.D. | self taught | middle school • has been: in love | hurt | ill | mentally abused | bullied | physically abused | tortured | brainwashed | shot | stabbed • positive traits: affectionate | adventurous | athletic | brave | careful | charming | confident | creative | cunning | determined | forgiving | generous | honest | humorous | intelligent | loyal | modest | patient | selfless | polite | down-to-earth | diligent | romantic | moral | fun-loving | charismatic | calm | • negative traits: aggressive | arrogant | argumentative | bossy | cynical | envious | shy | fearful | selfish | gullible | jealous | impatient | impulsive | cocky | reckless | insecure | irresponsible | mistrustful | dramatic | paranoid | possessive | sarcastic | self-conscious | swears | unstable | clumsy | rebellious | emotional | vengeful | anxious | self-sabotaging | moody | peevish | angry | pessimistic | slacker | thin skinned | dishonest | vindictive | volatile | rude | disloyal | cruel | sadistic | masochist | violent | manipulative | vain | narcissistic • living situation:   lives alone | lives with parent(s) / guardian | lives with significant other | lives with a friend | drifter | homeless | lives with children | other • parents/guardian:   mother | father | adoptive | foster | grandmother | grandfather | uncle | aunt | deceased | disowned • sibling(s):  sister | brother | none | other • relationship:   single | crushing | dating | engaged | married | separated | it’s complicated • has:   learning disorder | personality disorder | mental health issue | anxiety disorder | sleep disorder | eating disorder | behavioral disorder | developmental disorder | substance-related disorder | C-PTSD | mental disability | physical disability | • done before:   had alcohol | smoked | stolen | done drugs | self-harmed | starved | gotten into a fist fight | gone to hospital | gone to jail | used a fake ID | played hooky | gone to a rave | killed someone | had someone try to kill them
tagged by: saw it from @mtchstck​ tagging: u boo! mwah!
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brokehorrorfan · 8 years
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Genre favorites Julie Benz (Dexter) and Danielle Harris (Halloween) star in Havenhurst. The film will be released in select theaters and on VOD on February 10 via Brainstorm Media and Twisted Pictures. The trailer is below.
Fionnula Flanagan (The Others), Belle Shouse (Secrets and Lies), Josh Stamberg (The Affair), Toby Huss (In the Valley of Violence), Jennifer Blanc (Dark Angel), Matt Lasky (The Purge: Anarchy), and Douglas Tait (Teen Wolf) round out the cast.
From the producers of Saw and Amityville: The Awakening, Havenhurst is directed by Andrew C. Erin (Toxic Skies), who co-wrote the script with Daniel Farrands (Halloween: The Curse of Michael Myers).
Read on to watch the trailer and read the synopsis.
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Jackie (Julie Benz), a troubled young woman struggling with addiction, is released from rehab and given a second chance with a new job and a furnished apartment at Havenhurst. Guilt-ridden over the loss of her 8-year-old daughter, Jackie is quickly drawn into the mysteries of Havenhurst, in particular the disappearance of apartment 1006's previous lost soul, a young woman (Danielle Harris) she befriended in rehab who vanished without a trace.
Aided by a hardened New York police detective (Josh Stamberg) and a lonely foster child (Belle Shouse) who lives under the sadistic shadow of her caretakers, Jackie must not only battle her inner demons... but the very real ones that live within the walls of Havenhurst.
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luminescentlyricist · 4 years
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∞ The Anarchist ∞
"I wis)( t)(at I could be t)(ere wit)( t)(em. I could argue t)(at my fate, being stuck in t)(is cod dam violet )(ive, is so muc)( worse t)(an t)(eir dead session. As wrong as I'd be, it'd make for conversation... t)(oug)(, I doubt any of t)(em would agree wit)( me on t)(e subject. I'm a spoilt brat, and I s)(ould know t)(at I )(ave absolutely no rig)(t to say anyt)(ing on t)(e subject, but I'm just so, so sick of everyt)(ing. Posessing no freedom turns out to become more stifling t)(an it seems at a first glance. I )(ave everyt)(ing I could ever want, except for freedom."
She grumbled as she stared at the blackened screen of her husktop, a cleaning cloth clutched between her fingers as she rubbed at it. Cirlun was often prone to such rambles, especially when she was feeling isolated. Of course, she felt this way constantly, as she was isolated from the majority of civilization. Her Trollian didn't even have any contacts on it yet. She was cleaning the screen of her husktop because dust had settled on it, due to the fact that she really had no use for it if her Trollian contact list was empty. She preferred the proper books in the library when it came to research.
She sighed softly, the noise barely moving past her lips at all. Cirlun knew that she'd never be able to meet the expectations that had been placed upon her, and she intended to rewrite and reform those rules and expectations when she ascended to the throne. It was only right. She couldn't live up to what the world intended, so she knew that she had to make the change. For now, she'd be doomed to suffer in silence. And that was how it had always, always been. Her intent to change would have to wait until she worked up the courage to... She couldn't even think of killing Astril. The mere notion was upsetting, especially because she was so young. It felt immoral. The violet dyed across the fabrics of the hive, visible at her every twist and turn, was important to her. Although she loathed her advisor, in essence, and all-too-commonly felt hatred strong enough to drive her to murder, she didn't. Not yet. The thought was always in the back of her mind, as much as she protested her fated ascensions. She didn't want to commit matricide at all, as the violet blood - and memories of the violetblood - would stain her conscience for the rest of her sweeps.
It was Cirlun's fate, though, and she couldn't argue with that. She knew that the day would come wherein she was forced to kill her advisor to take the throne and lead her subjects into a new era of prosperity. Her hands shook now, that much was clear, and it scared her beyond anything else she'd ever had to experience. The thought of killing Astril haunted her, just as the woman's soulless, rage-filled ghost would undoubtedly do the same. She cleaned the screen in front of her, swallowing harshly as she felt vomit rising in her throat. All she could do was choke it down and continue.
So she did, with no regards to the dark, looming thoughts that plagued and threatened to consume her. Her eyes then swept to the book on the desk beside her, a small frown etching itself onto her lips within seconds. She was overthinking everything. The stain on the cover wasn't even purple, but her thoughts wandered. Old blood could fade to brown, she realised, and that was the colour of the mark on 'Doomed - Stories of the Third Earth'. It, of course, was just one of the many expansive books she was utilising to study the sessions of Earth A, B and C, though that one focused on Earth C.
Envy wreathed around her. Oh, how she wished to be there. She wanted to live with the trolls that were recounted in those pages, the ones that were yellowing with age. She traced the writing on the page that she read, noting the script that she knew very well. They had written using the quirks they donned to distinguish each other on Trollian, the very same program that lay open on her husktop. She knew that she had no contacts on it, but didn't bother. The twelve trolls had their own legacies, and that was one thing she'd never had - and would never have - herself.
She had no idea that Eridan, Gamzee, Feferi - her own role model in a different time - and the rest of the twelve were still 'alive', of course, due to the ageing that appeared on their 'first-hand' accounts. The books had been enchanted ten times over so that any hope the young heiress might have had was appropriately and immediately crushed. She had seen the Amporas at meetings, of course, but had shied away from the aristocrats at every opportunity she had. In the meetings, she was always insignificant and unnoticed anyway.
She traced her finger over the script of the famed ceruleanblood Vriska Serket, whose eight-dominated writing style she had learned to decipher as easily as reading normal Alternian scripts. It was easy enough to get used to, in any case, as it was simplistic. She had noticed that she had adopted a sort of 'quirk' that she was going to use in her own Trollian-type, a part of which was unintentionally similar to Feferi's. She muttered the words as she read, and she stayed in a trance-like state of reading through the dust-coated tome for hours.
As she read and muttered to herself, though, her thoughts darkened even further, causing her to rub her eyes in irritation and close the book. Her mindset had completely and utterly shifted for the worse. For the better of herself, and herself alone. She realised just how much was being kept from her, and rage began to take control of her actions. Finally, her fuchsiablooded tendencies of anger were awakening, and her treatment at the hands of her advisor would only serve to foster that nature. She stood, fists so tightly furled that they cut into her palms.
Cirlun had realised that she was only going to suffer if Astril took the throne any longer. She hadn't wanted to kill Astril a few hours ago, but that had changed. Everything was going to change if she had her say in the matter. She would. Within a mere second, she had donned her hunting outfit. Her specibus bubble wand was in her hand, and when she blew one, the large, golden double-edged trident was contained within it. With a satisfied smirk crawling onto her lips, she took it and slotted it into its place in the back sheathe.
When she did this, she noted with a sadistic glee the way the gold arced through the light and caught it in flashes so bright it could blind. She'd do far worse than blind, of course. She'd make her 'mother' pay for the pain she had caused. Her breathing was heavy but her steps made no sound against the floor as she moved, light and quick as a shadow. Cirlun could slip away into virtually nothing, due to knowing every shadow and shade in the library. Her isolation had paid off, as she knew every escape.
Many were to be found in the expanse of the palace, and she was grateful now for each and every one. The trident remained in its sheathe. Her snarling lips revealed sharklike teeth that she only possessed due to the fact she was a seadweller. Her eyes swept around, pupils narrowed, seeing everything as if the darkness wasn't beginning to fall. It'd be no fun, she decided, if she were to murder in the dark. That wasn't what she wanted. She wanted each and every seadweller she'd rule over to fear her.
Her tyranny was only the start of the ruination, though. She hadn't forgotten what she had to do. How much she had to mould and shape into her own. Violet sickened her. She tore down every draping, every banner, every decoration with the colour of the rest of the seadwellers. The only way she would like the colour was when she smeared it down the walls and marked the murder and the rise of the new empress both. Humming gleefully, far too brightly for what she was going to do, she approached the hall, stepping out into broad light.
"Your comeupance greets you now and forever, mot)(er."
She hissed, eyes dark and full of hatred for the being in front of her. She knew that Astril wouldn't reply; the Empress was far too busy herself doing whatever she needed to do. Her kingdom would be swept up into chaos soon. A soft laugh came from Cirlun's lips, and she walked up to her mother. One thing she had learnt that was different from other trolls was her use - or overuse - of decidedly human mannerisms. For this reason, she embraced her 'mother', hugging her and pinning the royal's arms to her side.
"It is so g∞d to see you, as always, Astril."
She muttered, her voice sweet as syrup. It had always been that way when she had addressed the Empress, and she didn't see why it had to change. She felt the royal stiffen under her arms, and she frowned in faux alarm. Nothing was wrong, surely? She then changed to massaging Astril's tense shoulders gently, her smile remaining as she dug her nails into the flesh of her shoulders. Cirlun's nails gouged into it, and Astril made a muffled sound of discomfort. That was all. She thought nothing of it.
"Relax. All of your stress can melt away. I'll take care of everyt)(ing, and you don't need to move a muscle."
She placed her trident at her side, taking a few deep, slow and calming breaths. She was by no means calm, and wouldn't be for quite a while, but she did it to help herself concentrate more than anything else. Cirlun continued to make her maternal guardian feel as comfortable and pampered as possible in that short amount of time. She didn't want to make her mother's last moments bad ones, as it meant she'd just be an annoyance later on, or her screams would attract more attention. Cirlun bought her trident to the woman's throat quickly.
"I'd rat)(er you didn't move at all."
These words were followed by a quick slash, and that was it.
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alafair2010 · 5 years
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IT IS NEVER OK TO PUT POISON INTO THE ENVIRONMENT.  NATURE TAKES CARE OF ITSELF AND DOESNT NEED INTERFERENCE FROM HUMANS.
It is never ok to put poison into the environment. Whatever goes into the environment comes back to us in our water and water is never able to be filtered 100%
The poison used by exterminators is deadly and not only kills beneficial wildlife but also kills children
A few interesting facts about prairie dogs; Prairie Dogs are infectiously mischievous, they are petite, attractive and intelligent, they are unique little animals who maintain well-organized homes with designated areas for nurseries, sleeping, and toilets; They live in towns contained within their underground burrows. These burrows can be overtaken by other animals, such as snakes, black-footed ferret and burrowing owls. Prairie dogs often “kiss” when they come and go in the area around their burrow and often play socially bonding games with friends and family. They have a complex means of communication that’s even better than that of chimpanzees and dolphins. Prairie dogs can embed information about the predator’s size, color, direction and speed in a single bark, and a colony — which can include hundreds of animals — consistently uses the same barks to describe the same predators. Prairie dogs even have a specific call that describes a human with a gun.
Ronnie Purcella with Animal and Pest Control Specialists kills more prairie dogs with poison than any other private contractor in Colorado. He gets these contracts because he is the lowest bidder, and he does it with hatred and gusto. One of our supporters called him yesterday, and he starts singing “Another One Bites The Dust” as he laughed and stated that he was killing the bastards right now (in Longmont on Kuhn’s and Strong’s property). This man claims to be a Christian. Ronnie has apparently misinterpreted the Bible’s story of Christ and is in need of an education.
Ronnie has a long history of being an incredibly immoral and despicable character. During the Castle Rock slaughter, he poisoned thousands of prairie dogs with a smile and clearly enjoyed annihilating this wildlife community. He applied this poison within 2 feet of teenagers that were crying and pleading with him to stop, one of which was hospitalized for the chemical exposure. Ronnie takes pleasure in his job and enjoys killing these animals.
Ronnie has been at this far too long and his business seems to be thriving right now especially with the contributions of developers like William Kuhn and Steve Strong. Call his business and keep his phone ringing, write reviews on Yelp, rate him on his Facebook page and review on Google and let him know that these inhumane poisonings are unacceptable to the people of Colorado and elsewhere. Advocates all need to band together and insist that these slaughters stop.
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The following was borrowed from the following site Great Plains Restoration Council to show how Prairie Dogs are important to the environment and how they are often blamed for damage that is not even caused by them so sadist pest control monsters can have a job that is unnecessary and pretend it is needed so they are able to act on their sadism often in the same way hunters will lie about how hunting is for conservation [completely fabricated lie to enable hunters to continue to kill and be accepted by the ignorant who don’t check the facts].
Prairie Dogs and Soil Impacts
Focal points
General:
Much of the degradation of soils in the urban environments that have prairie dog colonies is the result of considerable human disturbance over long periods of time.
The soil erosion we tend to see is often due to overgrazing by cattle, which has been well demonstrated by numerous studies (Schlesinger et al. 1990, Van Auken 2000, Reynolds et al. 2007). It is important to keep in mind that black-tailed prairie dogs prefer open patches of grassland, and will move into heavily grazed patches of grassland. This tends to cause the observer to blame the prairie dogs for the degraded state, when in fact the conditions were present prior to the presence of prairie dogs.
Prairie dogs and bison co-existed for thousands of years throughout the central grasslands of North America (Forrest 2005, Miller et al. 2007).
Current research at Janos, Mexico by researchers at the University of New Mexico and University of Mexico (Davidson et al., unpublished data) involves an exclosure experiment where they are comparing grassland in areas where prairie dogs are present to where they have been removed. The effects of prairie dogs on soil stability (a measure of soil erosion) are measured for this study, which shows absolutely no difference (statistically or even qualitatively) in soil stability where prairie dogs are absent versus where they are present over the 2 years (4 seasons) of the study.
Prairie dog burrows act as aquifers that prevent water from eroding land while helping to cool it.
Recent studies have shown that ‘managed’ grasses and forbs atop a prairie dog town are higher in protein and nitrogen and are favored for grazing by bison, elk, and pronghorn.
a [Prairie dog] burrowing can be beneficial to the soil because mixing soil types and incorporating organic matter enhances soil formation. It also helps to increase soil aeration and decrease compaction.
In short-grass prairies, the number of plant species, particularly forbs, increases because of the digging and scratching activities of prairie dogs that disturb the soil. These patches of bare soil provide excellent sites for annual forbs to become established. . . . Long-term use of an area by prairie dogs appears to promote buffalograss and grama grasses (Foster & Hygnstrom).
Prairie dogs do more than just serve as prey, they also perform a valuable service for the prairie – they disturb it. In addition to digging up the soil, prairie dogs clip the vegetation around their burrows, enhancing nitrogen uptake by these plants. Natural disturbances are an important part of maintaining the prairie ecosystem (Kotliar, 2001).
Prairie Dogs, Cattle and Soil Impacts:
The overgrazed conditions that we see when both prairie dogs and cattle co-occur are largely due to cattle being confined to a fenced landscape that no longer reflects the large roaming herds that historically grazed the grasslands.
Large ungulates are known to preferentially graze on prairie dog colonies because of the more nutritious forage (Whicker and Detling 1988, Miller et al. 2007). This is a counterintuitive phenomenon made logical by the prairie dog’s penchant for clearing shrubs that cattle shun, while stimulating weeds they savor (Stolzenburg, 2004).
Widespread soil erosion is largely caused by overgrazing by cattle, and prairie dogs are known to move into the overgrazed grassland patches.
Prairie dogs from urban populations provide a key source of prairie dogs for grassland conservation and restoration.
Like giant earthworms, their excavations were loosening and turning, fertilizing and aerating nearly six tons of hard-baked desert soils per acre, more than eight times the combined output of all kangaroo rats, badgers and other burrowing mammals of the grasslands (Stolzenburg, 2004).
Lethal Control:
Efforts to simply eradicate prairie dogs from urban areas are short-sighted and do not contribute to the conservation of our native grassland ecosystems.
Extermination efforts require 72 hours of poisoning to kill the animals. It is an extremely long, inhumane death, and is not something that should be condoned in a civil society. Additionally, extermination efforts indiscriminately kill not only prairie dogs but also other native wildlife.
A model way to think about prairie restoration would be to utilize displaced urban prairie dog populations as a source to repopulate grassland areas being restored for prairie wildlife. In these restoration areas, animals can be released so they can repopulate areas where they were historically abundant, prior to mass extermination efforts and play their keystone role in grassland ecosystems, which is critical to maintaining grassland biodiversity.
Aschwanden,C. 2001. Learning to Live with Prairie Dogs. National Wildlife. p. 26
Forrest, S. 2005. Getting the story right: a response to Vermeire and Colleagues. Bioscience 55:526-530.
Foster, N.S., S. E. Hygnstrom . 1990. Prairie Dogs and Their Ecosystem, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Department of Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlife pp. 2-6
Schlesinger, W. H., J. F. Reynolds, G. L. Cunningham, L. F. Huenneke, W. M. Jarrell, R. A. Virginia, and W. G. Whitford. 1990. Biological feedbacks in global desertification. Science 247:1043-1048.
Stolzenburg, W. 2004. Nature Conservancy, Understanding the Underdog.pp 28-31.
Whicker, A. D., and J. K. Detling. 1988. Ecological consequences of prairie dog disturbances: prairie dogs alter grassland patch structure, nutrient cycling, and feeding-site selection by other herbivores. Bioscience 38:778-785.
Van Auken, O. W. 2000. Shrub invasions of North American semiarid grasslands. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 31:197-215.
Young, M.T. 2006. A Prairie Dog Ecosystem. Colorado Division of Wildlife: p.1
PRAIRIE DOGS ARE A KEYSTONE SPECIES OF THE GREAT PLAINS
By Nicole Rosmarino/Southern Plains Land Trust
Editor’s note: (The following studies show unequivocally that prairie dogs are a keystone species of the Great Plains, that is, their presence –including their colonies, burrows structure and grazing habits– is central to the survival of a multitude of other wildlife)
Prairie Dogs as Prairie Restorationists:
Although there is tremendous documentation of the benefits that prairie dogs provide to wildlife species, both as a prey base and for creating extensive habitat for prairie creatures, it is also important to recognize that prairie dogs may help to redress the damage to the land caused by reckless humanity.
First, prairie dogs act as water conservationists. While humans have devastated the water features of the Great Plains –by damming up rivers and streams for crop and livestock agriculture, and by overgrazing of riparian areas by livestock– prairie dogs increase the ability of an arid region to conserve what little water falls from the sky. One author (Outwater 1996) has remarked on the extensive megapore system prairie dogs can provide for channeling precipitation into the water table. Imagine 100-700 million acres of these megapores diligently directing the scant Great Plains rainfall to underground storage. Imagine also what the reduction of those millions of acres to less than 700,000 acres might mean in terms of increased flooding (where there isn’t meant to be flooding) and increased runoff in general.
In addition, prairie dog clipping and digging activities lead to decreases in transpiring leaf area, conservation of soil moisture, changes in soil physical properties, and the promotion of water infiltration to deeper soil depths. All of these factors probably account for the improved soil moisture availability and plant water status on prairie dog colonies (Day and Detling 1994). This improved water status and the higher ratio of green forage on colonies later in the season may explain preferential grazing by bison and antelope (Day and Detling 1994), and, of course, by domestic cattle. In other words, prairie dogs increase the ability of the soil and vegetation in the arid Great Plains to conserve the region’s scant precipitation.
Prairie dogs might also redress some of the problems with overgrazing. For instance, prairie dogs can control noxious weeds and native invaders which proliferate on overgrazed rangeland. An example is prairie dog control of mesquite (Miller et al. 1996; Miller and Ceballos 1994). They remove pods and seeds and nip and strip bark from young seedlings, which contributes to seedling mortality. The extermination of the prairie dog may therefore explain the proliferation of honey mesquite from the late 19th century (“Suffering From a Prairie-Dog Shortage,” 1991). Where mesquite proliferates, prairie dogs could serve to control it.
Finally, prairie dogs may also reverse processes such as soil compaction caused by cattle grazing. For example, Ellison and Aldous (1952) provide an early report of the soil aeration effected by burrowing rodents. These rodents produce soil which is substantially softer and looser than soil in uncolonized areas. Such rodents consequently represent a range improvement, which can undo some negative effects on rangeland (e.g. soil compaction) that are caused by domestic cattle.
In the debate over whether or not prairie dogs are a keystone species of the Great Plains, there is no mention of the fact that all studies reviewed took place after prairie dogs had been reduced by 98% (by 1960). How can we assume wildlife has not made significant adjustments in the face of prairie dog scarcity? Our science may very well have totally missed important, close relationships between prairie dogs and a given bird, mammal, or what have you, only because that bird, mammal, or what have you flew or skittered off to greener pastures in the wake of guns and poisons.)
Many of the earlier studies (e.g. Reading/Miller/Whicker/Detling) have been very clear that the biodiversity contributions of prairie dog colonies should be perceived in terms of a grassland mosaic – e.g. a mix of colonized and uncolonized areas, colonized for different lengths of time. If one looks at biodiversity that way, it makes good sense to observe species near or flying over a prairie dog colony, as well as those species on a colony. Prairie dog colonies don’t operate in isolation from uncolonized areas, so why should their value to biodiversity levels/associated wildlife be judged in isolation? Landscape-level dynamics should be judged at the landscape-level, not acre by acre.
—- PRAIRIE DOG ASSOCIATES/DOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIPS
1. Black-footed ferret. This species is an obligate associate of the prairie dogs (Russell et al. 1994). Black-footed ferrets depend on prairie dogs as a primary food source and upon their burrows for shelter from weather and predation. The ferret is completely dependent upon prairie dogs for survival (Henderson et al. 1969). Prairie dogs constitute about 90% of the ferret’s diet.
2. Swift Fox. A major portion of the swift fox diet is prairie dogs (Uresk and Sharps 1986). Also of importance is the ability of prairie dogs to provide cover for swift fox. Swift foxes den on or within .8km of prairie dog colonies (Hillman and Sharps 1978).
3. Ferruginous Hawk. That the ferruginous hawk is closely associated with prairie dogs is apparent from research which suggests that ground squirrels and prairie dogs are the top food source for the ferruginous hawk (Olendorff 1993). In addition, researchers have reported the ferruginous hawk’s relative abundance in areas with prairie dog acreage (Knowles and Knowles 1994; Cully 1991), and Canada has emphasized the importance of prairie dogs and burrowing mammals associated with prairie dog colonies in the recovery of ferruginous hawk populations (Canadian Ferruginous Hawk Recovery Plan 1994).
4. Mountain Plover. The mountain plover may be a prairie dog obligate (Knowles and Knowles 1994), and is, at minimum, highly dependent on prairie dogs for survival. Knowles and Knowles (1998) report that mountain plovers select prairie dog colonies for nesting, breeding and feeding. Other reports concur, showing, for example, that mountain plovers use prairie dog towns as nest sites (BLM 1979, cited in Clark et al. 1982), and they strongly prefer the short-cropped vegetation on prairie dog towns (Knowles et al. 1982), which facilitates their insectivorous feeding (Olson 1985).
5. Burrowing Owl. Prairie dog colonies provide the burrowing owl with both shelter and increased prey abundance (Agnew et al. 1987). Consequently, the decline in prairie dog habitat causes declines in burrowing owl numbers (Knowles and Knowles 1994).
6. Golden Eagle. The golden eagle has long been described as an important prairie dog predator, with current predation probably “second only to badger predation” (Campbell and Clark 1981, 273). More recent reports echo the importance of the golden eagle as a prairie dog predator (Hanson 1993), with some researchers declaring that, in the Northern Great Plains, “wherever prairie dogs are found, golden eagles can also be found” (Knowles and Knowles 1994, 35). When golden eagles nest near prairie dog towns, prairie dogs comprise 50-62% of their diet (Tyus and Lockhart 1979).
7. Badger. Badgers are commonly associated with prairie dog colonies. Knowles and Knowles (1994) write “Generally, the more abundant prairie dogs are in an area, the greater the chances of encountering badgers.” According to Campbell and Clark (1981), badgers are possibly the most significant predator of prairie dogs. Lindzey (1982) concurs. 8. Coyote. Coyotes have been named as important predators of prairie dogs by some researchers (Tyler 1968; Koford 1958; Longhurst 1944; Sperry 1941).
9. Prairie Falcons. One researcher reported the majority of predation on prairie dogs was done by prairie falcons (Knowles 1982). Knowles and Knowles (1994) expect that, should good nesting habitat exist for prairie falcons near prairie dog towns, a significant portion of the falcons diets would be prairie dog.
10. Bison. The preference of bison (buffalo) for grazing, breeding, and resting in prairie dog towns has been demonstrated by other researchers (Whicker and Detling 1993; Coppock et al. 1983b). Even more interesting, Krueger (1986) found that bison and prairie dogs have a mutually positive relationship, as the foraging efficiency of prairie dogs increases in the presence of bison, and bison, in turn, prefer the vegetative conditions caused by prairie dogs.
11. Pronghorn. This ungulates preferentially grazes on prairie dog colonies, on account of the abundance of forbs that typify colonized areas (Whicker and Detling 1993; Krueger 1986; Wydeven and Dahlgren 1985). 12. Elk. This ungulate preferentially grazes on prairie dog colonies in the summer months (Wydeven and Dahlgren 1985).
13. Mule deer. This ungulate also preferentially grazes on prairie dog colonies (Foster and Hyngstrom, n.d.).
14. Horned Lark. This bird has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986).
15. Mourning Dove. This bird has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986; Clark et al. 1982).
16. Killdeer. This bird has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986; Clark et al. 1982).
17. Barn Swallow. This bird has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986).
18. Long-billed Curlew. Prairie dog colonies are reported to benefit this bird (Clark et al. 1982; BLM 1979).
19. Eastern Kingbird. Prairie dog colonies are reported to benefit this bird (Clark et al. 1982; BLM 1979).
20. Upland Sandpiper. Prairie dog colonies are reported to benefit this bird (Clark et al. 1982; BLM 1979).
21. McCowns Longspur. Prairie dog colonies are reported to provide nest sites for this bird (Clark et al. 1982; BLM 1979).
22. Snowy Owl. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the winter months (Sharps and Uresk 1990).
23. Bald Eagle. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the winter months (Sharps and Uresk 1990), as prairie dogs can provide a portion of this birds diet (City of Boulder, CO, Open Space Dept. 1996).
24. Red-tailed Hawk. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the spring, summer and fall months (Clark et al. 1982), as prairie dogs can provide a portion of this birds diet (City of Boulder, CO, Open Space Dept. 1996)
25. Kestrel. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the spring, summer and fall months (Clark et al. 1982).
26. Rough-legged Hawk. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the spring, summer and fall months (Clark et al. 1982).
27. Harrier. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the spring, summer and fall months (Clark et al. 1982), as prairie dogs can provide a portion of this bird’s diet (City of Boulder, CO, Open Space Dept. 1996).
28. Short-eared Owl. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the spring, summer and fall months (Clark et al. 1982). 29. Deer Mouse. This small mammal has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986).
30. Northern Grasshopper Mouse. This small mammal has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986).
31. Desert Cottontail. Prairie dogs enhance habitat for desert cottontails. In one study, no cottontails could be found prior to the establishment of a prairie dog town, but after the dogtowns were established, cottontails were present in densities of .81-1.33/ha on colony, in contrast with .03-.05/ha off-colony. (Hansen and Gold 1977).
32. Prairie rattlesnake. The greater abundance of small mammals in prairie dog colonies (Agnew et al. 1986), and the availability of prairie dog burrows for shelter, have been cited as factors for rattlesnakes to utilize prairie dog towns (Knowles and Knowles 1994).
33. Great Plains Toad. The greater availability and abundance of insects on prairie dog towns, and the availability of prairie dog burrows for shelter have been cited as factors for this toad to utilize prairie dog towns (Knowles and Knowles 1994).
Ronnie Purcella is a Monster, He Loves Poisoning Prairie Dogs IT IS NEVER OK TO PUT POISON INTO THE ENVIRONMENT.  NATURE TAKES CARE OF ITSELF AND DOESNT NEED INTERFERENCE FROM HUMANS.
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alafair2010 · 6 years
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IT IS NEVER OK TO PUT POISON INTO THE ENVIRONMENT.  NATURE TAKES CARE OF ITSELF AND DOESNT NEED INTERFERENCE FROM HUMANS.
  A few interesting facts about prairie dogs; Praire Dogs are infectiously mischievous, they are petite, attractive and intelligent, they are unique little animals who maintain well-organized homes with designated areas for nurseries, sleeping, and toilets; They live in towns contained within their underground burrows. These burrows can be overtaken by other animals, such as snakes, black-footed ferret and burrowing owls. Praire dogs often “kiss” when they come and go in the area around their burrow and often play socially bonding games with friends and family. They have a complex means of communication that’s even better than that of chimpanzees and dolphins. Prairie dogs can embed information about the predator’s size, color, direction and speed in a single bark, and a colony — which can include hundreds of animals — consistently uses the same barks to describe the same predators. Prairie dogs even have a specific call that describes a human with a gun.
Ronnie Purcella with Animal and Pest Control Specialists kills more prairie dogs with poison than any other private contractor in Colorado. He gets these contracts because he is the lowest bidder, and he does it with hatred and gusto. One of our supporters called him yesterday, and he starts singing “Another One Bites The Dust” as he laughed and stated that he was killing the bastards right now (in Longmont on Kuhn’s and Strong’s property). This man claims to be a Christian. Ronnie has apparently misinterpreted the Bible’s story of Christ and is in need of an education.
Ronnie has a long history of being an incredibly immoral and despicable character. During the Castle Rock slaughter, he poisoned thousands of prairie dogs with a smile and clearly enjoyed annihilating this wildlife community. He applied this poison within 2 feet of teenagers that were crying and pleading with him to stop, one of which was hospitalized for the chemical exposure. Ronnie takes pleasure in his job and enjoys killing these animals.
Ronnie has been at this far too long and his business seems to be thriving right now especially with the contributions of developers like William Kuhn and Steve Strong. Call his business and keep his phone ringing, write reviews on Yelp, rate him on his Facebook page and review on Google and let him know that these inhumane poisonings are unacceptable to the people of Colorado and elsewhere. Advocates all need to band together and insist that these slaughters stop.
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The following was borrowed from the following site Great Plains Restoration Council to show how Prairie Dogs are important to the environment and how they are often blamed for damage that is not even caused by them so sadist pest control monsters can have a job that is unnecessary and pretend it is needed so they are able to act on their sadism often in the same way hunters will lie about how hunting is for conservation [completely fabricated lie to enable hunters to continue to kill and be accepted by the ignorant who don’t check the facts].
Prairie Dogs and Soil Impacts
Focal points
General:
Much of the degradation of soils in the urban environments that have prairie dog colonies is the result of considerable human disturbance over long periods of time.
The soil erosion we tend to see is often due to overgrazing by cattle, which has been well demonstrated by numerous studies (Schlesinger et al. 1990, Van Auken 2000, Reynolds et al. 2007). It is important to keep in mind that black-tailed prairie dogs prefer open patches of grassland, and will move into heavily grazed patches of grassland. This tends to cause the observer to blame the prairie dogs for the degraded state, when in fact the conditions were present prior to the presence of prairie dogs.
Prairie dogs and bison co-existed for thousands of years throughout the central grasslands of North America (Forrest 2005, Miller et al. 2007).
Current research at Janos, Mexico by researchers at the University of New Mexico and University of Mexico (Davidson et al., unpublished data) involves an exclosure experiment where they are comparing grassland in areas where prairie dogs are present to where they have been removed. The effects of prairie dogs on soil stability (a measure of soil erosion) are measured for this study, which shows absolutely no difference (statistically or even qualitatively) in soil stability where prairie dogs are absent versus where they are present over the 2 years (4 seasons) of the study.
Prairie dog burrows act as aquifers that prevent water from eroding land while helping to cool it.
Recent studies have shown that ‘managed’ grasses and forbs atop a prairie dog town are higher in protein and nitrogen and are favored for grazing by bison, elk, and pronghorn.
a [Prairie dog] burrowing can be beneficial to the soil because mixing soil types and incorporating organic matter enhances soil formation. It also helps to increase soil aeration and decrease compaction.
In short-grass prairies, the number of plant species, particularly forbs, increases because of the digging and scratching activities of prairie dogs that disturb the soil. These patches of bare soil provide excellent sites for annual forbs to become established. . . . Long-term use of an area by prairie dogs appears to promote buffalograss and grama grasses (Foster & Hygnstrom).
Prairie dogs do more than just serve as prey, they also perform a valuable service for the prairie – they disturb it. In addition to digging up the soil, prairie dogs clip the vegetation around their burrows, enhancing nitrogen uptake by these plants. Natural disturbances are an important part of maintaining the prairie ecosystem (Kotliar, 2001).
Prairie Dogs, Cattle and Soil Impacts:
The overgrazed conditions that we see when both prairie dogs and cattle co-occur are largely due to cattle being confined to a fenced landscape that no longer reflects the large roaming herds that historically grazed the grasslands.
Large ungulates are known to preferentially graze on prairie dog colonies because of the more nutritious forage (Whicker and Detling 1988, Miller et al. 2007). This is a counterintuitive phenomenon made logical by the prairie dog’s penchant for clearing shrubs that cattle shun, while stimulating weeds they savor (Stolzenburg, 2004).
Widespread soil erosion is largely caused by overgrazing by cattle, and prairie dogs are known to move into the overgrazed grassland patches.
Prairie dogs from urban populations provide a key source of prairie dogs for grassland conservation and restoration.
Like giant earthworms, their excavations were loosening and turning, fertilizing and aerating nearly six tons of hard-baked desert soils per acre, more than eight times the combined output of all kangaroo rats, badgers and other burrowing mammals of the grasslands (Stolzenburg, 2004).
Lethal Control:
Efforts to simply eradicate prairie dogs from urban areas are short-sighted and do not contribute to the conservation of our native grassland ecosystems.
Extermination efforts require 72 hours of poisoning to kill the animals. It is an extremely long, inhumane death, and is not something that should be condoned in a civil society. Additionally, extermination efforts indiscriminately kill not only prairie dogs but also other native wildlife.
A model way to think about prairie restoration would be to utilize displaced urban prairie dog populations as a source to repopulate grassland areas being restored for prairie wildlife. In these restoration areas, animals can be released so they can repopulate areas where they were historically abundant, prior to mass extermination efforts and play their keystone role in grassland ecosystems, which is critical to maintaining grassland biodiversity.
Aschwanden,C. 2001. Learning to Live with Prairie Dogs. National Wildlife. p. 26
Forrest, S. 2005. Getting the story right: a response to Vermeire and Colleagues. Bioscience 55:526-530.
Foster, N.S., S. E. Hygnstrom . 1990. Prairie Dogs and Their Ecosystem, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Department of Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlife pp. 2-6
Schlesinger, W. H., J. F. Reynolds, G. L. Cunningham, L. F. Huenneke, W. M. Jarrell, R. A. Virginia, and W. G. Whitford. 1990. Biological feedbacks in global desertification. Science 247:1043-1048.
Stolzenburg, W. 2004. Nature Conservancy, Understanding the Underdog.pp 28-31.
Whicker, A. D., and J. K. Detling. 1988. Ecological consequences of prairie dog disturbances: prairie dogs alter grassland patch structure, nutrient cycling, and feeding-site selection by other herbivores. Bioscience 38:778-785.
Van Auken, O. W. 2000. Shrub invasions of North American semiarid grasslands. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 31:197-215.
Young, M.T. 2006. A Prairie Dog Ecosystem. Colorado Division of Wildlife: p.1
PRAIRIE DOGS ARE A KEYSTONE SPECIES OF THE GREAT PLAINS
By Nicole Rosmarino/Southern Plains Land Trust
Editor’s note: (The following studies show unequivocally that prairie dogs are a keystone species of the Great Plains, that is, their presence –including their colonies, burrows structure and grazing habits– is central to the survival of a multitude of other wildlife)
Prairie Dogs as Prairie Restorationists:
Although there is tremendous documentation of the benefits that prairie dogs provide to wildlife species, both as a prey base and for creating extensive habitat for prairie creatures, it is also important to recognize that prairie dogs may help to redress the damage to the land caused by reckless humanity.
First, prairie dogs act as water conservationists. While humans have devastated the water features of the Great Plains –by damming up rivers and streams for crop and livestock agriculture, and by overgrazing of riparian areas by livestock– prairie dogs increase the ability of an arid region to conserve what little water falls from the sky. One author (Outwater 1996) has remarked on the extensive megapore system prairie dogs can provide for channeling precipitation into the water table. Imagine 100-700 million acres of these megapores diligently directing the scant Great Plains rainfall to underground storage. Imagine also what the reduction of those millions of acres to less than 700,000 acres might mean in terms of increased flooding (where there isn’t meant to be flooding) and increased runoff in general.
In addition, prairie dog clipping and digging activities lead to decreases in transpiring leaf area, conservation of soil moisture, changes in soil physical properties, and the promotion of water infiltration to deeper soil depths. All of these factors probably account for the improved soil moisture availability and plant water status on prairie dog colonies (Day and Detling 1994). This improved water status and the higher ratio of green forage on colonies later in the season may explain preferential grazing by bison and antelope (Day and Detling 1994), and, of course, by domestic cattle. In other words, prairie dogs increase the ability of the soil and vegetation in the arid Great Plains to conserve the region’s scant precipitation.
Prairie dogs might also redress some of the problems with overgrazing. For instance, prairie dogs can control noxious weeds and native invaders which proliferate on overgrazed rangeland. An example is prairie dog control of mesquite (Miller et al. 1996; Miller and Ceballos 1994). They remove pods and seeds and nip and strip bark from young seedlings, which contributes to seedling mortality. The extermination of the prairie dog may therefore explain the proliferation of honey mesquite from the late 19th century (“Suffering From a Prairie-Dog Shortage,” 1991). Where mesquite proliferates, prairie dogs could serve to control it.
Finally, prairie dogs may also reverse processes such as soil compaction caused by cattle grazing. For example, Ellison and Aldous (1952) provide an early report of the soil aeration effected by burrowing rodents. These rodents produce soil which is substantially softer and looser than soil in uncolonized areas. Such rodents consequently represent a range improvement, which can undo some negative effects on rangeland (e.g. soil compaction) that are caused by domestic cattle.
In the debate over whether or not prairie dogs are a keystone species of the Great Plains, there is no mention of the fact that all studies reviewed took place after prairie dogs had been reduced by 98% (by 1960). How can we assume wildlife has not made significant adjustments in the face of prairie dog scarcity? Our science may very well have totally missed important, close relationships between prairie dogs and a given bird, mammal, or what have you, only because that bird, mammal, or what have you flew or skittered off to greener pastures in the wake of guns and poisons.)
Many of the earlier studies (e.g. Reading/Miller/Whicker/Detling) have been very clear that the biodiversity contributions of prairie dog colonies should be perceived in terms of a grassland mosaic – e.g. a mix of colonized and uncolonized areas, colonized for different lengths of time. If one looks at biodiversity that way, it makes good sense to observe species near or flying over a prairie dog colony, as well as those species on a colony. Prairie dog colonies don’t operate in isolation from uncolonized areas, so why should their value to biodiversity levels/associated wildlife be judged in isolation? Landscape-level dynamics should be judged at the landscape-level, not acre by acre.
—- PRAIRIE DOG ASSOCIATES/DOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIPS
1. Black-footed ferret. This species is an obligate associate of the prairie dogs (Russell et al. 1994). Black-footed ferrets depend on prairie dogs as a primary food source and upon their burrows for shelter from weather and predation. The ferret is completely dependent upon prairie dogs for survival (Henderson et al. 1969). Prairie dogs constitute about 90% of the ferret’s diet.
2. Swift Fox. A major portion of the swift fox diet is prairie dogs (Uresk and Sharps 1986). Also of importance is the ability of prairie dogs to provide cover for swift fox. Swift foxes den on or within .8km of prairie dog colonies (Hillman and Sharps 1978).
3. Ferruginous Hawk. That the ferruginous hawk is closely associated with prairie dogs is apparent from research which suggests that ground squirrels and prairie dogs are the top food source for the ferruginous hawk (Olendorff 1993). In addition, researchers have reported the ferruginous hawk’s relative abundance in areas with prairie dog acreage (Knowles and Knowles 1994; Cully 1991), and Canada has emphasized the importance of prairie dogs and burrowing mammals associated with prairie dog colonies in the recovery of ferruginous hawk populations (Canadian Ferruginous Hawk Recovery Plan 1994).
4. Mountain Plover. The mountain plover may be a prairie dog obligate (Knowles and Knowles 1994), and is, at minimum, highly dependent on prairie dogs for survival. Knowles and Knowles (1998) report that mountain plovers select prairie dog colonies for nesting, breeding and feeding. Other reports concur, showing, for example, that mountain plovers use prairie dog towns as nest sites (BLM 1979, cited in Clark et al. 1982), and they strongly prefer the short-cropped vegetation on prairie dog towns (Knowles et al. 1982), which facilitates their insectivorous feeding (Olson 1985).
5. Burrowing Owl. Prairie dog colonies provide the burrowing owl with both shelter and increased prey abundance (Agnew et al. 1987). Consequently, the decline in prairie dog habitat causes declines in burrowing owl numbers (Knowles and Knowles 1994).
6. Golden Eagle. The golden eagle has long been described as an important prairie dog predator, with current predation probably “second only to badger predation” (Campbell and Clark 1981, 273). More recent reports echo the importance of the golden eagle as a prairie dog predator (Hanson 1993), with some researchers declaring that, in the Northern Great Plains, “wherever prairie dogs are found, golden eagles can also be found” (Knowles and Knowles 1994, 35). When golden eagles nest near prairie dog towns, prairie dogs comprise 50-62% of their diet (Tyus and Lockhart 1979).
7. Badger. Badgers are commonly associated with prairie dog colonies. Knowles and Knowles (1994) write “Generally, the more abundant prairie dogs are in an area, the greater the chances of encountering badgers.” According to Campbell and Clark (1981), badgers are possibly the most significant predator of prairie dogs. Lindzey (1982) concurs. 8. Coyote. Coyotes have been named as important predators of prairie dogs by some researchers (Tyler 1968; Koford 1958; Longhurst 1944; Sperry 1941).
9. Prairie Falcons. One researcher reported the majority of predation on prairie dogs was done by prairie falcons (Knowles 1982). Knowles and Knowles (1994) expect that, should good nesting habitat exist for prairie falcons near prairie dog towns, a significant portion of the falcons diets would be prairie dog.
10. Bison. The preference of bison (buffalo) for grazing, breeding, and resting in prairie dog towns has been demonstrated by other researchers (Whicker and Detling 1993; Coppock et al. 1983b). Even more interesting, Krueger (1986) found that bison and prairie dogs have a mutually positive relationship, as the foraging efficiency of prairie dogs increases in the presence of bison, and bison, in turn, prefer the vegetative conditions caused by prairie dogs.
11. Pronghorn. This ungulates preferentially grazes on prairie dog colonies, on account of the abundance of forbs that typify colonized areas (Whicker and Detling 1993; Krueger 1986; Wydeven and Dahlgren 1985). 12. Elk. This ungulate preferentially grazes on prairie dog colonies in the summer months (Wydeven and Dahlgren 1985).
13. Mule deer. This ungulate also preferentially grazes on prairie dog colonies (Foster and Hyngstrom, n.d.).
14. Horned Lark. This bird has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986).
15. Mourning Dove. This bird has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986; Clark et al. 1982).
16. Killdeer. This bird has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986; Clark et al. 1982).
17. Barn Swallow. This bird has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986).
18. Long-billed Curlew. Prairie dog colonies are reported to benefit this bird (Clark et al. 1982; BLM 1979).
19. Eastern Kingbird. Prairie dog colonies are reported to benefit this bird (Clark et al. 1982; BLM 1979).
20. Upland Sandpiper. Prairie dog colonies are reported to benefit this bird (Clark et al. 1982; BLM 1979).
21. McCowns Longspur. Prairie dog colonies are reported to provide nest sites for this bird (Clark et al. 1982; BLM 1979).
22. Snowy Owl. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the winter months (Sharps and Uresk 1990).
23. Bald Eagle. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the winter months (Sharps and Uresk 1990), as prairie dogs can provide a portion of this birds diet (City of Boulder, CO, Open Space Dept. 1996).
24. Red-tailed Hawk. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the spring, summer and fall months (Clark et al. 1982), as prairie dogs can provide a portion of this birds diet (City of Boulder, CO, Open Space Dept. 1996)
25. Kestrel. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the spring, summer and fall months (Clark et al. 1982).
26. Rough-legged Hawk. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the spring, summer and fall months (Clark et al. 1982).
27. Harrier. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the spring, summer and fall months (Clark et al. 1982), as prairie dogs can provide a portion of this bird’s diet (City of Boulder, CO, Open Space Dept. 1996).
28. Short-eared Owl. This bird has been documented utilizing prairie dog colonies in the spring, summer and fall months (Clark et al. 1982). 29. Deer Mouse. This small mammal has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986).
30. Northern Grasshopper Mouse. This small mammal has been reported to be found in higher abundance on prairie dog colonies than in surrounding mixed-grass prairie (Agnew et al. 1986).
31. Desert Cottontail. Prairie dogs enhance habitat for desert cottontails. In one study, no cottontails could be found prior to the establishment of a prairie dog town, but after the dogtowns were established, cottontails were present in densities of .81-1.33/ha on colony, in contrast with .03-.05/ha off-colony. (Hansen and Gold 1977).
32. Prairie rattlesnake. The greater abundance of small mammals in prairie dog colonies (Agnew et al. 1986), and the availability of prairie dog burrows for shelter, have been cited as factors for rattlesnakes to utilize prairie dog towns (Knowles and Knowles 1994).
33. Great Plains Toad. The greater availability and abundance of insects on prairie dog towns, and the availability of prairie dog burrows for shelter, have been cited as factors for this toad to utilize prairie dog towns (Knowles and Knowles 1994).
Ronnie Purcella is a Monster, He Loves Poisoning Praire Dogs IT IS NEVER OK TO PUT POISON INTO THE ENVIRONMENT.  NATURE TAKES CARE OF ITSELF AND DOESNT NEED INTERFERENCE FROM HUMANS.
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