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What is IUI?

IUI or Intrauterine insemination is a fertility treatment where sperms are placed inside a women’s uterus when she is ovulating. Natural conception takes place when the sperm travels to the uterus and reaches the fallopian tubes through the vagina and cervix. The IUI aims to increase the number of sperms reaching the fallopian tubes increasing the probability of fertilization.

Why is IUI done?

IUI is a less expensive and invasive procedure that other fertility procedures such as in-vitro fertilization (IVF). Some couples try to IUI procedure before proceeding to IVF. Intrauterine insemination is performed using your husband’s sperm or donor sperm.

IUI is used when: –

It is used to treat unexplained fertility.

Abnormalities in the cervical mucus or cervical canal. Cervical scar tissues from previous procedures preventing sperms from entering the uterus.

Mild endometriosis is often treated by obtaining a good quality egg along with performing IUI.

Women who cannot produce eggs or produce few eggs.

Mild male infertility or low sperm count.

Ejaculation dysfunction.

Semen allergy is very rare, but some women are allergic to their partner’s semen. IUI procedure can remove proteins from the semen causing the allergy.

How is the procedure done?

Before intrauterine insemination, the best gynecologist in Patna will prescribe fertility medication to help your eggs mature and be ready to be fertilized. A lot of careful coordination is involved in the procedure to be successful.

The collected semen sample is collected. This sample is washed to separate seminal fluid and lower quality sperm will be washed away. The highly concentrated sample of healthy sperm increases the likelihood of pregnancy.

Monitoring ovulation is a critical part of the procedure. The best gynecologist may ask you to monitor the at-home predictor kit to monitor the release and surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) or use an ultrasound to visualize ovulation. You may be given medication or injections to increase the number of eggs for ovulation.

The IUI procedure is done a day or two after ovulation. The procedure takes 15 to 20 minutes and is not very invasive or painful. A catheter is used to insert the semen into the uterus. The process ensures many sperms are placed into the uterus. Intrauterine insemination places many sperms in the uterus increasing the chance of conception.

Intrauterine insemination the Catheter is removed after the procedure.  

After the procedure, you will be asked to rest for some time before resuming your daily activities.

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What are the risks of the procedure?

Intrauterine insemination is a simple and safe procedure. There is a risk of multiple pregnancies especially if the gynecologist near me has prescribed fertility medication. Other risks include infection from the procedure. Sometimes the placement of the catheter in the uterus during the procedure can cause vaginal bleeding. Your pregnancy is generally not affected by bleeding.

Does IUI work?

The success of intrauterine insemination depends on several factors such as female age, health, the reason for infertility, and if fertility drugs were used. If insemination is done every month success rate can increase by 20%.

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IUI is less expensive when compared to IVF but also has a lower chance of success. Your gynecologist near me will be in the best position to help you chose your options.

IUI may not work if the man produces insufficient sperms or the sperm has many abnormalities. Women with fallopian tube disease, moderate to acute endometritis or a history of pelvic infection may have trouble conceiving using this method.

Results

You usually take a home pregnancy test two weeks after the procedure. Your gynecologist will take a blood test two weeks after the procedure which is more accurate than a home pregnancy test.

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Most common types of Lab Tests : Ziffytech

Clinical science utilizes chemical procedures to quantify levels of compound segments in body fluids and tissues. The most widely recognized examples utilized in clinical science are blood and urine.

A wide range of tests exist to recognize and quantify practically any kind of chemical component in blood or urine. Components may incorporate blood glucose, electrolytes, enzymes, hormones, lipids (fats), other metabolic substances, and proteins.

How Blood Test is carried on?

The Lab needs to receive a sample from a person in good condition for testing to have accurate data or reports.  The blood samples are either given in the centre by individuals or individual can make full use of Ziffytech which provides Blood Test at Home.

To limit errors, the sample must be gathered appropriately and transported to the lab in the right transport compartments. Tests can incorporate skin scrapings, blood, swabs from skin, eyes, ears and bodily orifices, urine and faeces, hair and little bits of tissue or bigger sores trim out of the body.

Numerous lab tests and lab test online are completed on computerized testing machines or with exceptional units which contain testing synthetic compounds of controlled quality so the tests are reproducible and dependable. Different tests require considerable manual care and handling.  All tests have errors worked into them and great research centers control and limit these mistakes all the time

Blood tests:

Human blood contains a large number of various synthetic chemicals and molecules. If the blood in a test tube is permitted to stand, it isolates out into platelets and liquid called plasma. A few tests are done on the platelets and others just on the plasma. Blood likewise has a special capacity to clot and will regularly do as such when removed from the body into a test tube except anti-clotting agent is added. If clotted blood is tested the liquid left separate from the clotted cells is called serum. Isolating platelets from the support fluids can be speeded up by turning the test container of blood in a centrifuge at high speed.

The Complete Blood Count: (CBC)

This is a typical gathering blood test, which surveys the cells in the blood. It isn’t, as the name recommends, a test which totally tests everything in blood. It looks mainly at the three primary kinds of cells in blood – red platelets, white platelets and platelets.

The red platelets contain a molecule called haemoglobin. This conveys oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and can be low if an individual has been losing blood or if their iron admission is low. Iron is expected to make haemoglobin. The complete blood count likewise reports the number of red platelets, their size and shape and the centralization of haemoglobin inside every cell. The specialist first takes a report at the answer to check whether the individual is anaemic. A sickliness because of ongoing blood loss may demonstrate a specific picture, that because of iron inadequacy another and that because of vitamin B12 deficiency.

The white blood cells are a noteworthy piece of the body’s resistance to invading organisms. Platelets are a piece of the blood clotting framework, which is fundamental to keep over the top blood loss from a cut.

Serum Iron Tests

This is a group that tests whether iron levels are too low which may prompt low haemoglobin and whether there is an iron storage issue. In this last circumstance, the body tries to store excessively iron which can be toxic to tissues. Iron goes around in the blood appended to exceptional transport proteins. This gathering additionally surveys the vehicle proteins in light of the fact that a low haemoglobin tally can happen where there are a lot of iron stores yet no real way to transport the iron.

Serum Vitamin Assays

The commonest vitamins tested in blood are Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid since low dimensions of these can prompt anaemia particularly in the elderly.

Blood Clotting Tests:

Once in a while, it is imperative to test the capacity of the blood to clot appropriately. Just as the platelet tally depicted over, a test called the INR is the generally performed of these tests. Patients, who should be on anticoagulant prescriptions to diminish the blood’s thickening capacity, need an INR performed normally to guarantee that the perfect dimensions are accomplished. Different tests in this gathering incorporate the prothrombin time, the draining time and trial of other blood thickening variables.

Liver Function Tests:

This gathering of tests in a roundabout way surveys the wellbeing of liver cells by estimating compounds emerging from the cells and furthermore evaluates substances created by the liver and utilized somewhere else in the body. The liver acts somewhat like a processing plant. On the off chance that the liver catalysts are raised it can propose harm to liver cells, for example, happens with endless liquor abuse or with certain viral diseases, for example, viral hepatitis. Different tests in this gathering can propose issues happening outside the liver, for example, a gallstone blocking the pipe that keeps running from the liver to the small digestive system which conducts bile. Bile enables the digestive system to break up fat in the diet with the goal that it very well may be utilized as fuel.

Kidney Function Tests:

The two most common blood tests of how well the kidneys are functioning are the urea test and the creatinine test. These two substances are created by digestion in the body and the kidney gets them out of the blood into urine. Abnormal states in the blood in this manner recommend that the kidney may not be working properly.

Other basic tests under the umbrella of kidney work include:

Uric Acid – a breakdown result of digestion which can cause gout if the blood level is raised.

Electrolytes – the serum dimensions of potassium and sodium are frequently estimated

Thyroid Function Tests:

This group of tests assesses the thyroid gland which manages metabolism in the body. The whole set of test will be ordered if there is a sign of low and high thyroid hormone output on physical examination. The TSH will be ordered to rule out a thyroid problem when symptoms might be difficult to explain.

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Symptoms,Diagnosis,Prevention Of Corona-Virus

Coronavirus is the first major health crisis of 2020. The World health organization (WHO) has declared a global health emergency over the virus.

Wuhan a city in China is considered the epicenter of the global pandemic which has killed 213 people in China and more than 9000 cases have been declared worldwide.

Most of the cases are from Wuhan and the adjoining Hubei Province. India reported its first confirmed case of the present strain of coronavirus.

Coronavirus Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a virus that affects the respiratory tract. Coronavirus is zoonotic – the virus can transmit between man and animal.

Most strains of Coronavirus are not serious. Some strains are more serious and can be potentially fatal – Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012 and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).

The coronavirus antibodies do not last in the body for a long time and you are likely to catch it again. There are many strains of the coronavirus and antibodies are strain-specific.

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Symptoms

Symptoms of coronavirus mimic flu or cold-like symptoms.  Symptoms or signs may differ from person to person and the strain of coronavirus. Symptoms include: –

Sneezing

Runny nose

Fatigue

Cough

Sore throat

Shortness of breath

In more severe cases the lower respiratory tract gets infected resulting in pneumonia.

The elderly, people with heart disease or people with a compromised immune system are more vulnerable.  According to global experts’ symptoms can occur anywhere between 2 to 14 days after exposure.

Causes

The virus spreads from person to person close contact. It spreads when an infected person coughs, sneezes. Touching or shaking hands with an infected person can spread the virus.  Touching contaminated surfaces may spread the disease.

The virus can also be transmitted between humans and animals.

Coronavirus is common in different animals such as camels, cattle, cats, and bats. Transmission between animals and humans is rare and has previously been reported with MERS, SARS, and presently with 2019-nCoV.

Most viruses spread when a person is symptomatic or when they are sickest. With 2019-nCov there have been reports of the virus being spread when an infected person is asymptomatic.

Diagnosis

The hospital will order a laboratory test on your respiratory specimen and serum (part of the blood).

If you are experiencing symptoms and have recently traveled to China or meet someone who has come from the country, please report it to the doctor.

Treatment

Coronavirus is a viral infection and there is no specific treatment. Doctors try to provide relief with the symptoms you are experiencing.

The best general physician in Hyderabad  may recommend

Rest

Drinking plenty of water

Use humidifier or steam to alleviate symptoms

Paracetamol or painkillers for fever and pain relief.

Prevention

The World Health Organization has declared the recent coronavirus as a global emergency.

It has recommended the general public decrease exposure and transmission by following hygiene and safe food practices: –

Washing hands frequently with soap or water or sanitizer.

While coughing or sneezing use a tissue and dispose of the tissue immediately.

Avoid people with cough or cold

If you have the symptoms visit the doctor near me immediately and inform them about your recent travel history if any.

Avoid going out when sick.

If you visit a live animal market avoid direct contact with the live animal or touch surfaces in contact with the animal.

Avoid consuming undercooked or raw animal products including milk should be avoided. Meat and other animal products should be handled with care to prevent cross-contamination.

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For what reason Does your kid need a pediatrician?

One of the first decisions you make regarding the welfare of your child looking for a pediatrician to treat your child. A pediatrician is a doctor who is trained in treating diseases and illnesses that affect babies, children, and teenagers. Pediatricians in India have completed their MBBS followed MD in pediatrics. Some pediatricians can specialize further after they have completed the MD program. There are over 30 subspecialties in pediatrics.

What does your pediatrician do?

The best pediatrician in Surat keeps your child healthy by monitoring their growth and development. They treat your child from infancy to their teen years. They prevent illnesses by vaccinating and monitor your child’s general health.

The pediatrician near me monitors the physical, mental, and emotional health of their patients. They diagnose illnesses and administer treatment. The pediatrician near me treats minor injuries, acute and chronic illness. The best pediatrician in Surat monitors the physiological and psychological growth of your child. They will also answer your concerns about your child’s development and growth. The child specialist near me will guide you about disease prevention, hygiene, and healthy nourishment's.

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Why do you need a pediatrician?

You may prefer to go to your general physician for your child. Benefits of going to the best pediatrician in Surat are:-

They are specifically trained to look after children

Since they only see children they can diagnose and treat childhood diseases better.

If your child was premature or has a chronic ailment, specialist care of a childcare specialist near me is recommended.

Traits the best Pediatrician in Surat should have

Finding a pediatrician can be challenging, you want the best for your child and you want someone reliable. There the qualities you can look for while looking for the best pediatrician in Surat: –

They should enjoy interacting and dealing with children. They should be able to communicate effectively and professionally with you and their staff. Many children are scared during their visit, the child doctor in Surat should be able to deal with them calmly and patiently. The doctor should be able to explain procedures to both children and their parents.

They should be open and truthful while answering queries of parents. They should not be dismissive about their concerns.

They should document your child’s medical history carefully and keep a track of the medication administered.

The best pediatricians in Surat should keep themselves abreast of the latest advances in pediatric medicine. They should also be aware of the latest vaccination charts recommended by the government. New parents rely on them regarding well-being, diet, and breastfeeding information.

The child doctor in Surat should have received positive feedback from colleagues and patients.

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Indications and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is cancer that starts in the breast. Breast cancer is the most common cancer occurring for women in the country. Statistics show one woman in India gets diagnosed with the disease every four minutes. Breast cancer is more common in women but men can also get the caner. Breast cancer occurs when cells mutate and grow uncontrollably.

Breast cancer awareness and research have resulted in great innovation in the treatment and diagnosis of cancer. Breast cancer survival rates have improved greatly because of earlier diagnosis and better treatment of the disease.

Symptoms and Causes

The first symptom of breast cancer begins as a lump in the breast or armpit. Other symptoms include

Pain in the armpit or breasts that remain unchanged your menstrual cycle.

Pitting  or redness on the skin of the breast

Rash on one or both nipples

A sunken or inverted nipple

Size or shape  of the breast changing

Peeling or scaling of the skin on the breast or your nipple.

If you find a lump or any physical change in the breast it is important to contact the best oncologist in Bhopal for a prompt checkup.

Breast cancer occurs when some breast cells begin to grow abnormally. These calls grow more rapidly than normal cells and continue to gather together to form a lump or mass. These cells may spread through from your breast to lymph nodes or other parts of your body. Hormonal, environmental and lifestyle factors can contribute to getting the disease.

Diagnosis and Treatment

The best doctors in Bhopal can use various tests and procedures to diagnose breast cancer. They also do tests to diagnose if cancer has spread.

Breast exams: The best doctor in Bhopal will examine your breasts and lymph nodes to detect any lumps or abnormalities.

Blood tests at home which include complete blood count, blood chemistry, and hepatitis tests.

Imaging tests ordered by the best doctors near me include

Biopsies are done when imaging tests and breast tests show indications that there may be cancer. A biopsy is a definitive test and is used to confirm the diagnosis.

Mammogram

Breast Ultrasound

Breast MRI

Once breast cancer has been diagnosed you will be treated by a team of specialists that will include surgeons, medical oncologists, plastic surgeons, and radiation oncologists. The best oncologist in Bhopal will try to determine the spread and stage of cancer to determine treatment options.Breast cancer stages are from stage 0 to IV. Stage 0 indicating the cancer is noninvasive or contained within the milk ducts. Stage IV or metastatic breast cancer indicates that cancer has spread. Treatment will depend on

The type and stage of cancer

The age and overall health of the individual.

Treatment options include

Surgery options will depend on the stage of cancer as well as the patient’s preferences. Options include

Radiation therapy uses high powered beams of energy to target the tumor to kill any remaining cancer cells.

Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells faster. Your oncologist may recommend chemotherapy if cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Chemotherapy may be done before surgery to reduce the size of the tumor.

Hormonal therapy is used to treat cancers sensitive to hormones. Hormone therapy can be used before or after surgery to reduce the chances of reoccurrence.

Targeted drug therapy is recommended to treat specific types of cancer.

Immunotherapy encourages your body’s immune system to fight cancer. The therapy is recommended to treat certain types of cancer.

Lumpectomy removing the tumor with small healthy tissue around it.

Mastectomy involves removing the entire breast.

Removing lymph nodes

Double Mastectomy

Reconstruction following a mastectomy the surgeon may recommend a reconstruction surgery to help it look more natural.

Breast cancer is curable when detected in the early stages. It is important to stay informed about the symptoms of the disease and consult the best doctor near me if you show any symptoms. Regular screening between 50 to 74 years every 2 years is advisable.

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Driving a Healthy Lifestyle in 2020

A new year and new decade have just begun. People use the opportunity to set new goals including leading a healthier lifestyle. Here are some tips to start the year on a healthier note. The best doctors in Ahmedabad can suggest some blood test on regualr basis, you can book best diagnostic test in Ahmedabad.

We should incorporate a balanced meal as a part of our diets. Fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and whole grains should be included in every meal. Eating healthier prevents malnutrition and reduces the risk of diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and cancer.

Excessive sodium intake is linked to high blood pressure which increases the risks of stroke or heart diseases. Salt is the primary source of sodium. Sodium is essential for our bodies to functioning as it helps to maintain the balance of fluids in our body, transmitting nerve impulses, and normal cell function. Limiting the amount of salt in meals, using high salt condiments, and avoiding high salt snacks can help you lower your salt intake,

Tooth decay, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and weight gain has been linked to excess sugar consumption. Sugar is found naturally in several fruits and vegetables. This sugar is not harmful and is healthy. Added sugar in processed foods is unhealthy. Reducing your consumption of sugar-filled drinks and desserts can bring down processed sugar intake.

Fat consumed should be less than 30% of your energy intake. This will prevent unhealthy weight gain and reduce the risk of “lifestyle disease”. Unsaturated fats found in nuts and some oils are preferable to saturated-fats and trans-fats.

Smoking is linked to various diseases such as lung and heart diseases, cancer, and stroke. It affects both smokers and passive smokers. People who give up smoking experience immediate and long-term health benefits.

Excessive alcohol consumption can cause health problems and mental and behavioral disorders.  It has also been linked to liver cirrhosis, cancers, and heart diseases. You should drink moderately if you drink alcohol.

Experts suggest adults should do at least 150 minutes of moderate-amount physical activity, throughout the week. Increasing it to 300 minutes per week will increase your health benefits.

Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to prevent diseases such as cervical cancer, cholera, diphtheria, hepatitis B, influenza, measles, and mumps. Consult the best doctors in Ahmedabad to get more information about vaccines. It is important not to miss the vaccination schedule for your child.

Hypertension or high-blood-pressure is called a “silent killer”. Doctors have linked it to heart, brain, and kidney diseases. Having your blood pressure checked regularly by the best doctor near me can help you prevent or control hypertension.

Depression is a common illness and can make you feel hopeless and worthless. In case you are depressed, talk to someone you trust or consult a counselor or physiologist.

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria is becoming a serious health threat. Antibiotics are becoming less potent because of misuse and overuse. It is important to have antibiotics only when prescribed by the best doctor in Ahmedabad. You should complete the required course of the antibiotics.

Cleaning your hands regularly can prevent the spread of diseases.

Regular checkups with the best orthopedic doctor near me is a great way to find health problems before they start. Early diagnosis is the key to prevent many illnesses.

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To Battle Against TB Green tea plant compound may help

Tuberculosis or TB is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium Tuberculosis) that affects the lungs. The infection can spread to other parts of your body like the brain or spine.  TB is an infectious disease which spreads when an infected person coughs, sneezes or spit. TB is curable and preventable. We can cure most cases of TB with antibiotics but you need to take the medication for 6 to 9 months. Without treatment two-thirds of infected patients will die. An antioxidant found in green has shown a lot of promise in tackling the dreaded disease. A team of scientists from the Nanyang Technology University in Singapore has spearheaded the research.

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Laboratory experiments led by Professor Gerhard Grüber discovered a compound called epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which can slow down the growth of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis bacteria.

The EGCG does this by binding to the enzyme responsible for biological energy for cellular activity.  These results in a dip in energy the bacteria have for growth and stability. It published the finding in the Scientific Reports. There is hope the findings can help create drugs to combat tuberculosis.

Southeast Asia accounts for 41% of the world’s tuberculosis cases. According to the World Health Organization, India has the largest number of TB cases in the world. There were over 2.7 million cases of TB in 2018. While there are many drugs already available in the market to combat the disease, we need new ones because the bacteria are showing resistance to many drugs.

According to Professor Gerhard Grüber from the NTU School of Biological Sciences said: “Though tuberculosis is curable, the success of current drugs on the market is increasingly being overshadowed by the bacteria’s clinical resistance. Our discovery of the EGCG’s ability to inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis will allow us to look at how we can improve the potency of this compound in green tea, and other similar compounds, to develop new drugs to tackle this airborne disease.”

How does EGCG work?

Cells need energy for processes such as cell wall formation they get their energy from an energy storage molecule containing an enzyme called ATP synthase. Without energy for crucial cellular activity, the cell becomes unstable and dies.

To determine the features affection production of ATP synthase, the NTU research team studied both Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium Bovis, both of which were from M.Tuberculosis family. They have similar structural composition.

The team found that if genetic code for ATP synthase was altered it resulted in few energy storage molecules in bacterial cells, retarded cell growth and a changed colony shape.

Armed with this data, the scientists tested over 20 compounds to find something to bing to ATP synthase and cause the same blocking effect and tested their efficiency. Only EGCG, an antioxidant found in green tea showed positive results.

The team led by Professor Gerhard Grüber is developing the activity of EGCG for increased effectiveness and strength to fight the M. Tuberculosis bacteria. They hope to develop a drug cocktail that will effectively fight multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.

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Osteoporosis: Diagnosis and Treatment in Kanpur

Osteoporosis is a condition associated with your bones becoming weak and brittle.  People with osteoporosis get fractures easily caused by stress or a fall. Osteoporosis causes fractures in the hip, wrist or spine. Bones are living tissue and are constantly breaking and regenerating. In osteoporosis, the regeneration does not keep up with the breaking of bones. The best orthopedic doctors in Kanpur can treat osteoporosis.

Symptoms and Causes

Osteoporosis does not present itself with any symptom in the early stages of bone loss. Bone renewal is a constant process new bone is made and old bone breaks done. When you are young this process is faster as you age the process slows down. Most people reach their peak bone mass in their 30s.  Once your bones have been weakened by the condition you may have the following symptoms

Back pain caused due to fracture

Loss of height

Stooped posture

Fractures being caused frequently

You might want to see the best doctor in Kanpur if you have severe pain in any location associated with osteoporosis. It could indicate an unexpected or unidentified fracture.

Osteoporosis is a condition more commonly associated with women. Older people are more likely to be affected by osteoporosis. In India habitual low intake of calcium especially women have increased the risks.  Though India is a sunny country deficiency of Vitamin D is a common problem. Osteoporosis is hereditary and runs in some families. Men and women with small body frames are at a higher risk of getting osteoporosis. Osteoporosis can be caused due to hormonal imbalance. Lowered levels of estrogen especially after menopause and testosterone for men, too much thyroid hormone, overactive parathyroid gland, and adrenal gland have been linked to osteoporosis. Using corticosteroid medication increases the risk of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis has been linked to diseases such as diabetes, moderate renal failure, and cancer.

Diagnoses and treatment

The best orthopedic doctor will first conduct a thorough physical examination and take your medical history. They will order a bone mineral test (BMD) also known as bone measurement. The best doctors in Kanpur recommend all women above 65 and men above 70 should get this test done. To determine if your condition is caused by hormonal imbalance and to check calcium levels in the blood and urine the doctor may order urine tests and blood tests at home.

They aim the treatment of osteoporosis at

Slowing or preventing the advancement of the disease

Maintaining healthy bone mineral density and bone mass

Preventing fractures

Reducing pain

Help a person lead a normal life

The best orthopedic doctors in Kanpur prescribe medicines, supplements, and recommend lifestyle changes to help their patients. They may also recommend you visit the best physiotherapist in Kanpur to help you recover from an osteoporosis-related fracture. Physiotherapy is a proactive way to prevent the disease. The best physiotherapists in Kanpur will design a program based on your diagnosis.

Prevention

Increase calcium and Vitamin D intake

Have a balanced meal

Regular weight-bearing exercise such as walking

Avoid smoking and heavy drinking

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India should take urgent action to tackle air pollution: WHO

Air pollution in India has become a serious problem. Statistics published in 2018 suggest that 22 out of 30 of the topmost polluted cities were in India. The data published by the World Health Organization or WHO shows that 12.4 lakh deaths in the country could be attributed to air pollution.  India needs to tackle the problem urgently as the level of toxic air is much higher than the recommended guidelines.

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Studies conducted by Organization such as WHO, Centre for Science and Environment and published journals such as The Lancet have linked pollution with premature deaths in the country. Air quality index (AQI) is an index to measure air quality. It tells you the quality of air and the associated health effects that it might have. An AQI 0-50 is good air quality while 301-500 is hazardous. Apps are now available that inform users about real-time AQI in their area. AQI levels have sky rocketed to hazardous levels in several cities in India.

Causes of air pollution

Fuel and biomass burning is the main reason for the permanent haze and smoke seen in urban and rural India. Many Indians still use fuelwood and biomass cakes for cooking and heating in their homes. According to the World Health Organization reports, 3 lakhs to 4 lakhs deaths is attributed to carbon monoxide poisoning.  The air pollution caused by fuel-burning affects our lungs. India is the world’s largest consumer of fuel wood, biomass, and agricultural waste for energy purposes. These fuels are used in 90% rural homes and 24% urban homes.

Many vehicles in India use adulterated fuel blends.  Adulteration of petrol and diesel is common in the Indian subcontinent.  Adulteration increases harmful emissions worsening air quality. Adulterated fuel increases tailpipe emission of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, and particulate matter. Mixing kerosene with petrol and diesel has been increased sulfur levels. Adulterated fuels can have serious consequences on our health and vehicular life.

Traffic congestion in urban-centre in the country increases air pollution. Traffic congestion can be caused because of poor road infrastructure, the number of vehicles, and poor traffic rule enforcement.

India was the third-largest producer of carbon dioxide in the world. According to the Global Carbon Project, CO2 emissions have risen two years in a row. 65% of carbon dioxide emissions were from heating, domestic use, and the power sector.

The effects of air pollution on health

Studies have shown that India has a higher proportion of global health loss because of air pollution.  According to an article published in The Lancet Journal, one in every eight deaths could be attributed to air pollution.  One-third of deaths from stroke, lung cancer, and heart diseases can be attributed to air pollution. Microscopic particulate matter (PM) can impact our respiratory system and circulatory system, damaging our lungs, heart, and brain. Respiratory diseases such as asthma have also spiked.

Steps taken by India to curb air pollution

According to WHO air quality guideline reducing annual fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from 35 g/ m3 (microgram/cubic meter) to 10 g/m3 can reduce air pollution death by 15%. Local governments around the country have implemented tighter vehicular emission norms, penalized garbage dumping, and reduced road dust. Future goals of the government include increasing electric buses for public transport, introduce a machine called Happy Seeder in farms, the machine converts agricultural residue to fertilizer.  Other proposals include switching to cleaner fuels for cooking, levying congesting charge, and creating vehicle-free zones.

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Tobacco epidemic at a turning point as male smoking rates stall: WHO

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), tobacco causes approximately 6 million deaths each year across the world. This figure is said to double by 2025. Cigarette consumption has been growing steadily it is estimated there over 5.5 trillion smokers worldwide.

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Facts on Global Smoking Epidemic

The tobacco epidemic kills 6 million people worldwide. The data includes 6, 00,000 passive smokers. They die from cancers, asthma, cardiovascular diseases, and other diseases. Tobacco has a risk factor of 6/8 as a leading cause of death around the world.

Unfortunately, the epidemic is shifting to the developing world and over 80% of deaths will occur in this region. Tobacco companies have strong marketing strategies to target young people and adults in the developing world. The new marketing strategy to target young women has also been implemented by these companies.

The tobacco epidemic is a manufactured epidemic and is completely preventable. Governments are unwilling to come out with policy decisions to reduce tobacco use.

Six effective policies that have been outlined in WHO’s MPOWER strategy:

Monitor tobacco use and prevention – In 2004, 5 million 30-year-olds died from direct tobacco use (smoking and smokeless) around the globe. This is a staggering statistic that translates to one death every six seconds. Many countries still do not have a mechanism to monitor tobacco use.  

Protect people from tobacco smoke – Many countries worldwide still allow smoking in government offices, workspaces and other public places. Smoke-free policies in industrial countries have reduced tobacco consumption by 29%.

Offering programs to encourage people to quit using tobacco –It is difficult to overcome addiction without adequate support. Offering programs to treat tobacco addiction is available only in 5% of countries.  

Warn people about the hazards of using tobacco – Graphical warnings about the harmful effects of tobacco used in 15 countries representing 6 % of the world population. Countries do not clamp down on tobacco companies from using misleading and deceptive advertising on their packs.

Enforce bans on tobacco advertising, endorsement, and sponsorship – Many countries have still not banned the free distribution of tobacco products. Studies have shown advertising ban has reduced tobacco consumption by 16%.

Raising taxation on tobacco – studies have shown increasing taxation on tobacco products by 10% has reduced consumption by 4% in high-income countries and 8% in low-and-middle-income countries.

Efforts by government agencies and WHO have helped studies show the number of men who smoke or use tobacco has stopped rising after years. This marks a shift in the global epidemic that has killed millions of people around the world. The WHO is very pleased with this downward trend and promises to work with countries to maintain the trend. Tobacco report covers the use of cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and smokeless tobacco products such as bidis, cheroots.

Millions of people die every year being first-hand users or being exposed to second-hand smoke. Due to sustained anti-smoking measures, 60 million fewer people smoked or used tobacco products than in 2000. According to WHO reports the number of tobacco users has been falling to 1.377 billion people worldwide in 2018 to 1.397 billion people in 2000. Previously the decline was attributed to fewer women and girls smoking. But the latest reports suggest the number of male tobacco users has stopped growing and are projected to decline. According to WHO projections by 2020, there will be 10 million fewer tobacco users overall.

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Treating the dengue epidemic in India

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease that occurs in tropical and subtropical countries. Dengue has emerged pandemic viral disease in many parts of India. In Pune alone, we had over 1000 cases in 2019. Mild dengue fever causes a high fever, rash, muscle, and joint fever. Severe Dengue or dengue hemorrhagic fever can cause severe bleeding, a sudden drop in blood pressure and death. Book doctor In Pune in case you have a high fever. An infected female mosquito (Aedes aegypti mosquito) transmits the Dengue virus when it bites someone.  

Symptoms

Dengue symptoms usually begin four to seven days after mosquito bites you. Many people especially children and teens experience a mild case of dengue fever. Dengue causes a high fever of around 104 F (40 C) with

Headache

Muscle and joint pain

Nausea and Vomiting

Pain behind the eyes

Swollen glands

Rash

People recover from dengue in a week. Sometimes however symptoms worsen and can lead to life-threatening complications. Blood vessels can become damaged and leak, your platelet (helps blood clot) counts in your blood and is called dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Symptoms of severe dengue include

Severe abdominal pain

Continuous vomiting

Bleeding from nose and gums

Blood in urine, stool, and vomit

Bleeding under the skin

Difficulty breading

Cold and clammy skin

Dengue Hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome can cause a sudden drop in blood pressure and needs immediate hospitalization. Please book doctor In Pune in case you suspect you have the dengue virus.

Diagnosis

If you have the symptoms of dengue, it is wise to order blood tests at home.  The blood test is the only way to detect the virus. There are several blood tests the best doctors near me can order to confirm the diagnosis.  The best doctors in Pune orders a blood count test first if they suspect dengue. To detect the dengue virus the blood test at home usually used are

Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) test is used early in the infection. The test is ordered in the first five days after the symptoms appear.

Immunoglobulin G (IgM) is done if you are experiencing symptoms for over 7 days.

Immunoglobulin M (IgG) test or a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test is used in the latter course of the disease.

Dengue RNA PCR test is a primary test used to detect dengue virus in the early course of the infection

Treatment

The best doctors in Pune treat dengue by providing supportive therapy. They prescribe pain-killers and paracetamol to treat mild dengue. They do not prescribe aspirin or ibuprofen to prevent risk internal bleeding. Doctors advise patients to increase their fluid intake to prevent dehydration.

For more severe cases of dengue, the best doctors in Pune recommend hospitalization as the patient may need. Hospitalization will allow for closer monitoring of the patient’s parameter. Treatment given may be

Intravenous (IV) fluid supplements or drip

Blood transfusion.

Ayurvedic Doctor in Pune treats the virus by strengthening the immune system of the body and controlling hyperthermia.  In Ayurveda, dengue is known as dandaka jvara. Ayurvedic doctors in Pune treat by prescribing medicinal plants such as tulsi, Amrita,  Shunthi and Papaya to improve the patient’s immune system and prevent potential complications.

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Most common types of Lab Tests:Ziffytech

Clinical science utilizes chemical procedures to quantify levels of compound segments in body fluids and tissues. The most widely recognized examples utilized in clinical science are blood and urine.

A wide range of tests exist to recognize and quantify practically any kind of chemical component in blood or urine. Components may incorporate blood glucose, electrolytes, enzymes, hormones, lipids (fats), other metabolic substances, and proteins.

How Blood Test is carried on?

The Lab needs to receive a sample from a person in good condition for testing to have accurate data or reports.  The blood samples are either given in the centre by individuals or individual can make full use of Ziffytech which provides Blood Test at Home.

To limit errors, the sample must be gathered appropriately and transported to the lab in the right transport compartments. Tests can incorporate skin scrapings, blood, swabs from skin, eyes, ears and bodily orifices, urine and faeces, hair and little bits of tissue or bigger sores trim out of the body.

Numerous lab tests and lab test online are completed on computerized testing machines or with exceptional units which contain testing synthetic compounds of controlled quality so the tests are reproducible and dependable. Different tests require considerable manual care and handling.  All tests have errors worked into them and great research centers control and limit these mistakes all the time

Blood tests:

Human blood contains a large number of various synthetic chemicals and molecules. If the blood in a test tube is permitted to stand, it isolates out into platelets and liquid called plasma. A few tests are done on the platelets and others just on the plasma. Blood likewise has a special capacity to clot and will regularly do as such when removed from the body into a test tube except anti-clotting agent is added. If clotted blood is tested the liquid left separate from the clotted cells is called serum. Isolating platelets from the support fluids can be speeded up by turning the test container of blood in a centrifuge at high speed.

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The Complete Blood Count: (CBC)

This is a typical gathering blood test, which surveys the cells in the blood. It isn’t, as the name recommends, a test which totally tests everything in blood. It looks mainly at the three primary kinds of cells in blood – red platelets, white platelets and platelets.

The red platelets contain a molecule called haemoglobin. This conveys oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and can be low if an individual has been losing blood or if their iron admission is low. Iron is expected to make haemoglobin. The complete blood count likewise reports the number of red platelets, their size and shape and the centralization of haemoglobin inside every cell. The specialist first takes a report at the answer to check whether the individual is anaemic. A sickliness because of ongoing blood loss may demonstrate a specific picture, that because of iron inadequacy another and that because of vitamin B12 deficiency.

The white blood cells are a noteworthy piece of the body’s resistance to invading organisms. Platelets are a piece of the blood clotting framework, which is fundamental to keep over the top blood loss from a cut.

Serum Iron Tests

This is a group that tests whether iron levels are too low which may prompt low haemoglobin and whether there is an iron storage issue. In this last circumstance, the body tries to store excessively iron which can be toxic to tissues. Iron goes around in the blood appended to exceptional transport proteins. This gathering additionally surveys the vehicle proteins in light of the fact that a low haemoglobin tally can happen where there are a lot of iron stores yet no real way to transport the iron.

Serum Vitamin Assays

The commonest vitamins tested in blood are Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid since low dimensions of these can prompt anaemia particularly in the elderly.

Blood Clotting Tests:

Once in a while, it is imperative to test the capacity of the blood to clot appropriately. Just as the platelet tally depicted over, a test called the INR is the generally performed of these tests. Patients, who should be on anticoagulant prescriptions to diminish the blood’s thickening capacity, need an INR performed normally to guarantee that the perfect dimensions are accomplished. Different tests in this gathering incorporate the prothrombin time, the draining time and trial of other blood thickening variables.

Liver Function Tests:

This gathering of tests in a roundabout way surveys the wellbeing of liver cells by estimating compounds emerging from the cells and furthermore evaluates substances created by the liver and utilized somewhere else in the body. The liver acts somewhat like a processing plant. On the off chance that the liver catalysts are raised it can propose harm to liver cells, for example, happens with endless liquor abuse or with certain viral diseases, for example, viral hepatitis. Different tests in this gathering can propose issues happening outside the liver, for example, a gallstone blocking the pipe that keeps running from the liver to the small digestive system which conducts bile. Bile enables the digestive system to break up fat in the diet with the goal that it very well may be utilized as fuel.

Kidney Function Tests:

The two most common blood tests of how well the kidneys are functioning are the urea test and the creatinine test. These two substances are created by digestion in the body and the kidney gets them out of the blood into urine. Abnormal states in the blood in this manner recommend that the kidney may not be working properly.

Other basic tests under the umbrella of kidney work include:

Uric Acid – a breakdown result of digestion which can cause gout if the blood level is raised.

Electrolytes – the serum dimensions of potassium and sodium are frequently estimated

Thyroid Function Tests:

This group of tests assesses the thyroid gland which manages metabolism in the body. The whole set of test will be ordered if there is a sign of low and high thyroid hormone output on physical examination. The TSH will be ordered to rule out a thyroid problem when symptoms might be difficult to explain.

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