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What are the options available in mathematics after B.Tech?
After completing a B.Tech in Mathematics and Computing, numerous career options are available across various industries such as finance, software, telecom, pharmaceuticals, consulting engineering, and government organizations. Some of the top career options include:
Investment Banker: Provides financial services, including investment-related news and industry knowledge. Investment bankers typically have a bachelor's or master's degree and help businesses and individuals make financial and investment decisions.
Financial Analyst: Offers financial assistance by collecting and analyzing data to help businesses and individuals make financial and investment decisions. Financial analysts need strong analytical and math skills to interpret financial data.
Software Developer: Designs, researches, and develops software programs for various companies. Software developers are responsible for developing the underlying system that controls devices or runs applications.
Data Analyst: Responsible for analyzing and interpreting data to help organizations make informed decisions. Data analysts use their math and statistical skills to identify trends and insights from large datasets.
Additionally, students can also opt for higher education in fields such as Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Mathematical Modeling, Economics and Finance, and Image Processing. They may also have the opportunity to travel to universities and research centers abroad for their projects. For those interested in pursuing a career in mathematics after engineering, there are options to study mathematics in India through various exams like JAM and opportunities abroad through Math GRE, General GRE, IELTS, and TOEFL. Some popular master's degree programs include:
Master of Science (MSc) in Mathematics: Provides advanced training in pure and applied mathematics, preparing students for research or teaching careers.
Master of Science (MSc) in Statistics: Focuses on statistical theory, methods, and applications, with opportunities in data analysis, forecasting, and quality control.
Master of Science (MSc) in Actuarial Science: Evaluates financial risks and uncertainties, with applications in insurance, investment firms, and pension funds.
The average salary for a B.Tech Mathematics and Computing graduate is around Rs. 7 LPA but can vary depending on the company, experience, skills, and job role. Top recruiters in this field include Amazon, Microsoft, Facebook, World Quant, and Goldman Sachs
What Are The Top Exams For B.Tech Mathematics And Computing
The top entrance exams for admission to B.Tech Mathematics and Computing programs in India are:
1. JEE Main: This is the most important exam for admission to NITs, IIITs, and other centrally funded technical institutions. Candidates need to secure an All India Rank between the opening and closing ranks released by JoSAA.
2. JEE Advanced: For admission to IITs, candidates must appear for JEE Advanced after clearing JEE Main. The cutoff ranks for top IITs offering B.Tech Mathematics and Computing are:
IIT Delhi: 156 - 312
IIT Hyderabad: 601 - 925
IIT Kanpur: 444 - 910
IIT Kharagpur: 897 - 1451
IIT(BHU) Varanasi: 1271 - 1674
IIT Guwahati: 641 - 977
IIT Goa: 4437 - 5695
3. State-level entrance exams: Some states conduct their engineering entrance tests for admission to state-level institutions.
4. University-level entrance tests: Private universities like Amity University and SRM University provide direct admission based on their entrance tests or 10+2 merit.
The eligibility criteria for B.Tech Mathematics and Computing is 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics as mandatory subjects. The average course fee ranges from Rs. 3.34 Lakhs to Rs. 20.17 Lakhs depending on the institute.
What Are The Job Responsibilities Of A Research And Development Role In Academia Or Research Institutions?
The job responsibilities of a research and development role in academia or research institutions typically include:
Strategic Research Advancement: Research development professionals are responsible for advancing strategic research by staying updated on trends in higher education and research funding through publications like University Affairs, the CAUT Bulletin, and the Chronicle of Higher Education.
Facilitation of Grant Applications: Research development officers support the research enterprise by facilitating grant and award applications. This involves providing direct support to faculty researchers applying for internal or external research grants and offering pre-submission consulting, guidance, and feedback on grant applications.
Organizing Research Events: Managing and organizing faculty-wide research events such as conferences, seminars, workshops, and special lectures to promote research collaboration and dissemination of knowledge within the institution.
Engagement in Research Committees: Participating in research-relevant faculty and university-wide committees, attending administrative meetings, and liaising with equity offices to support research and recruiting efforts for successful grant applications.
Grant Writing and Management: Writing grant proposals, collaborating with grant officers and financial managers to ensure proper grant and project management processes, and providing grant-writing seminars for faculty and graduate students.
Research Program Development: Developing research programs to improve existing products, studying the potential of new products, and understanding customer expectations to enhance product development and meet market needs.
Technical Product Evaluation: Managing product testing and trials, assessing materials, process efficiency, and final product effectiveness, and reporting on technical product issues discovered during evaluation.
Project Leadership: Leading key projects with research and development teams to support business goals, establishing project goals and priorities, and collaborating with marketing and operations departments to ensure project success.
Technology Transfer: Transferring new technologies, products, and manufacturing processes into and out of the company, staying informed on research and development advancements, and ensuring the company remains up-to-date with the latest R&D developments.
These responsibilities encompass a wide range of tasks aimed at advancing research initiatives, securing funding, promoting collaboration, and ensuring the successful development and implementation of research projects within academic and research institutions. Arya College of Engineering & I.T. is the of Best B.Tech college in Jaipur Rajasthan
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Top 10 Career in Mathematics in 2024 after BTech - Arya College
After completing a B.Tech in Mathematics and Computing, numerous career options are available across various industries such as finance, software, telecom, pharmaceuticals, consulting engineering, and government organizations. Some of the top career options include:
Investment Banker: Provides financial services, including investment-related news and industry knowledge. Investment bankers typically have a bachelor's or master's degree and help businesses and individuals make financial and investment decisions.
Financial Analyst: Offers financial assistance by collecting and analyzing data to help businesses and individuals make financial and investment decisions. Financial analysts need strong analytical and math skills to interpret financial data.
Software Developer: Designs, researches, and develops software programs for various companies. Software developers are responsible for developing the underlying system that controls devices or runs applications.
Data Analyst: Responsible for analyzing and interpreting data to help organizations make informed decisions. Data analysts use their math and statistical skills to identify trends and insights from large datasets.
Additionally, students can also opt for higher education in fields such as Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Mathematical Modeling, Economics and Finance, and Image Processing. They may also have the opportunity to travel to universities and research centers abroad for their projects. For those interested in pursuing a career in mathematics after engineering, there are options to study mathematics in India through various exams like JAM and opportunities abroad through Math GRE, General GRE, IELTS, and TOEFL. Some popular master's degree programs include:
Master of Science (MSc) in Mathematics: Provides advanced training in pure and applied mathematics, preparing students for research or teaching careers.
Master of Science (MSc) in Statistics: Focuses on statistical theory, methods, and applications, with opportunities in data analysis, forecasting, and quality control.
Master of Science (MSc) in Actuarial Science: Evaluates financial risks and uncertainties, with applications in insurance, investment firms, and pension funds.
The average salary for a B.Tech Mathematics and Computing graduate is around Rs. 7 LPA but can vary depending on the company, experience, skills, and job role. Top recruiters in this field include Amazon, Microsoft, Facebook, World Quant, and Goldman Sachs
What Are The Top Exams For B.Tech Mathematics And Computing
The top entrance exams for admission to B.Tech Mathematics and Computing programs in India are:
1. JEE Main: This is the most important exam for admission to NITs, IIITs, and other centrally funded technical institutions. Candidates need to secure an All India Rank between the opening and closing ranks released by JoSAA.
2. JEE Advanced: For admission to IITs, candidates must appear for JEE Advanced after clearing JEE Main. The cutoff ranks for top IITs offering B.Tech Mathematics and Computing are:
IIT Delhi: 156 - 312
IIT Hyderabad: 601 - 925
IIT Kanpur: 444 - 910
IIT Kharagpur: 897 - 1451
IIT(BHU) Varanasi: 1271 - 1674
IIT Guwahati: 641 - 977
IIT Goa: 4437 - 5695
3. State-level entrance exams: Some states conduct their engineering entrance tests for admission to state-level institutions.
4. University-level entrance tests: Private universities like Amity University and SRM University provide direct admission based on their entrance tests or 10+2 merit.
The eligibility criteria for B.Tech Mathematics and Computing is 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics as mandatory subjects. The average course fee ranges from Rs. 3.34 Lakhs to Rs. 20.17 Lakhs depending on the institute.
These responsibilities encompass a wide range of tasks aimed at advancing research initiatives, securing funding, promoting collaboration, and ensuring the successful development and implementation of research projects within academic and research institutions. Arya College of Engineering & I.T. is the Best college of B.Tech in Jaipur Rajasthan.
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How Can an Economics Degree Help You?
An economics degree will help you in 2023 by giving you a strong foundation in economic principles, theories, and methods. This knowledge will allow you to understand the current economic environment better and help you make informed decisions.
Additionally, it will give you the skills to assess the economic implications of various events and trends, allowing you to develop strategies to maximize profits. Finally, it will allow you to interpret and analyze data, which will be essential for interpreting financial statements and making sound investment decisions.
Moreover, a degree in economics provides students with a solid foundation for a wide range of careers. Studying economics from the best economics college in India not only enhances a student's understanding of finance, business, government, and law but also enables them to thrive in these fields. A BSc economics degree can provide a competitive edge in any job market, as it can help you stand out from other job applicants.
Here are some popular economics careers, along with their skills requirements:
Economist
Financial risk analyst
Data analyst
Financial planner
Accountant
Economic researcher
Financial Consultant
Investment Analyst
Actuary
Public sector roles
While some may choose to continue their studies at the graduate level (e.g. a Master in Economics), this is not necessary to find a good graduate job. Although this should encourage you to continue your studies if you intend to pursue highly specialized roles (like becoming a professional economist), taking a bachelor's degree is rarely a barrier to entering an economics career. Below are some common economics careers.
Professional economist careers
Becoming an economist involves researching and analyzing economic data, trends, and issues. Most economist careers require a postgraduate degree in economics to gain the necessary specialist skills. An economist must also be able to produce economic forecasts and reports and advise clients (individuals, businesses, financial institutions, and public bodies) on policy and business strategy.
Employers include local and national governments, public and private banks, insurance companies, think tanks, large multinationals, financial consulting firms, accounting firms, and municipalities. In these roles, it is essential to be aware of current affairs and economic contexts.
Economics careers in banking
Economic graduates are very interested in banking careers because they offer the potential for high earnings and high demand. Those with economics backgrounds are particularly sought after for financial control, financial planning, risk analysis, data analysis, and consultancy roles. Financial advisors and consumers are primarily concerned with advising and meeting clients' financial needs in banking careers.
Economics careers in accountancy
Those who studied economics could qualify as accountants with further professional qualifications. Several industries offer accounting roles, which focus on monitoring an organization's, business's, or individual's financial situation. Accounting careers typically involve recording, classifying, interpreting, and communicating financial data.
They require strong analytical skills, math abilities, computer literacy, a deep understanding of the financial aspects of companies, as well as the ability to interpret data. Accounting roles often require graduates with expertise in analyzing complex data sets and identifying the root causes of financial issues.
So, if you are someone who aspires to pursue a career in Economics, in that case, you must get admission to a reputed economics college. There are many best colleges for economics in Pune, Noida, Hyderabad or anywhere across India.
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Per year, an amount equal to 8.33% of basic remunerations can be repaid into as a gratuity fund or tax-deductible expense. Actuarial companies Pune and other state follow the same percentage.
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Data Science training in Hyderabad
The period of the info Science course in Hyderabad is six months, a complete of a hundred and twenty hours of coaching. However, basic information of Statistics would be one more advantage. knowledge Science is that the art of assembling, classifying, summarizing knowledge sets, and etymologizing valuable insights from these knowledge sets. knowledge Science has become instrumental in adding worth to the business. On completion of those structured 3 section knowledge Mites™ Data Science coaching, you're assured of gaining the essential skills and confidence to perform your "Super Hero duty" as knowledge somebody. IABAC® certification provides world recognition of the relevant skills, thereby gap opportunities across the planet.
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What are the career options for commerce students in India?
Are you pursuing a degree in commerce? Want to know the career options available? This article explores the popular jobs in India for a commerce student.
In this article, we’ll discuss the most lucrative career choices for commerce students in India. It will help you to understand the various work roles and help you make an informed decision as you step into the professional world.
1. Chartered Accountant
This is the most popular course to pursue in the commerce stream. The course is offered by ICAI (Institute of Chartered Accountants of India) and consists of 3 levels and an articleship. CA is a professional who has a thorough knowledge of accounting, taxation, filing returns and financial statements of individuals and companies. It also consists of various other specializations like Tax auditing, Internal Auditor, Corporate Finance etc. A Chartered Accountant is a highly qualified and respectable professional who is regarded as an expert in his field of specialization.
2. Company Secretary
This is the second most popular course and is offered by ICSI (Institute of company secretaries of India). A company secretary ensures that the company follows all mandatory and statutory requirements of operating a business. This course is also done by passing through 3 levels of exams: Foundation, Executive and Professional. One can also hold positions like Legal advisor and Compliance Officer in companies. This is a job that holds great repute and comes with a lot of dedication and responsibility.
3. Financial Management
The role of a Financial Management professional is focused on an in-depth study of finances and its management, budget, capital management & structuring and so on. This professional field offers various certifications like CFA (Chartered financial analyst), CPA (Certified public accountant), CFP (certified financial Planner). One can become a Financial Officer, Advisor, Financial Auditor, Investment Analyst etc. As you can sense from the titles and designations, all these roles require extensive knowledge and expertise in the field of Commerce.
4. Cost & Management Accounting
It is a part of a managerial study of accounting that focuses on budgeting, analysing and reducing various costs in the company. Its main aim is the optimization of resources to get maximum returns. Preparation of financial reports is also one of the responsibilities in this job. If budgeting and accounting are your strong areas in commerce, then give this career path a serious thought.
5. Banking
Banking is the backbone of a nation’s economic growth. It is a field with diverse types of subjects such as loans, investments, financial services, insurance, currency, foreign exchange, wealth management etc. If you want to deep dive into the world of banking, be prepared to ace your college-level examinations in Commerce. Bankers are highly sought after professionals with a safe and stable career.
6. Statistician
Students who have a keen interest in economics and data analysis can explore this field for higher studies. Statisticians are in great demand in almost every industry which makes this field very lucrative and rewarding. You get to learn about data & risk analysis, statistical tools, research methods, maths, predictive science and scientific decision making through this course.
7. Actuarial Science
Do you like mathematics? Then Actuarial Science can be your calling. It is the field for maths enthusiasts and deals with rigorous study of risks analysis, uncertainty, trend analysis etc. to help the big companies, corporates and business organizations make the right decisions by solving complex problems.
8. Business Management
Managers are required in almost every industry and this makes the study of Business Management one of the most commonly chosen fields by students. MBA is one of the most popular courses taken up by commerce students. You can choose a specialization based on your interests such as finance, marketing, HR, operations, international business, hotel management, hospitality, etc.
9. Entrepreneurship
Want to be your own boss? Entrepreneurship is a career option for those who want to work independently by setting up their own business. Students of B.Com, M.Com, MBA often have more exposure to the world of business. You can gain an insight into the various complex aspects of operating a business with the help of business courses that teach you about management, costs, marketing, sales, customer satisfaction etc. Alternatively, you can gain some experience by working in an industry of your choice to learn the practical ropes of the business before setting up your own enterprise!
10. Law
Lawyers and legal advisers are one of the most influential and powerful people in the professional market. With the rise of new business houses and startups, law graduates are getting lucrative and diverse career opportunities such as corporate lawyer, lecturers, civil services, legal advisors etc. To build a career in law you need to pursue a 5 year-integrated LLB course and LLM for specialization.
Now that you know about the top options in commerce, choose the field that you are passionate about. Alongside, if you are looking for comprehensive career development, explore the apna app. The app offers jobs in over 70 categories across Delhi NCR, Bangalore, Mumbai, Pune, Ahmedabad, Jaipur, Ranchi, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Surat, Lucknow, Ludhiana, Kanpur & Chandigarh. Apart from this, the app facilitates professional networking and skill development for continuous learning and the best opportunities.
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Accounting Careers in India.
The career in accounting is very challenging and involves the company's financial reporting to various stakeholders, lenders, debt holders, shareholders, and so on. In an accounting career, there are many opportunities in India.
Let's move into accounting courses.
Actuary:
In India, the governing body of actuary training is the Institute of Actuaries of India (IAI). The actuarial course was introduced in 2002, and since then it has been reputed well. To become a member of IAI, the candidate should pass the Actuarial Common Entrance Test (ACET) exam. The course is opted for commerce students and must have a strong ability in mathematics. The actuary aspirants have to evaluate the uncertainties in the financial impact of the future. It's essential to reiterate the good actuaries at statistics & mathematics with excellent modelling skills. Also, the candidate needs to be good at communicating the ideas for a successful actuary.
In India, the average salary of an Actuary aspirant starts from 8 lakh per annum.
Chartered Accountant:
The chartered accountant must be a member of ICAI (Institute of Chartered Accountants of India) because ICAI offers the chartered accountant course and makes you a certified Chartered Accountant. With good grades, the Commerce graduates are expected to be suited well for accountancy. The CAs may be appointed as the company directors, executors, and dispute arbitrators. Chartered accountancy is a lucrative option in providing excellent career growth. There is a need for more than 10,000 CAs in India.
In India, the average salary of a Chartered Accountant is 7 lakh per annum.
Company Secretary:
There are some unethical activities in both the government bodies and corporate world which need company secretaries. In India, the career scope of a company secretary is supported by the institutes like ICSI (Institute of Company Secretaries of India) which regulate the profession for conducting exams. The responsibilities of a company secretary include amalgamation between companies, incorporation of a company, reorganization of an existing company, the formation of a new company, and stressed company wind-up. Also, the responsibility has expanded from supporting tasks to managing corporate governance. The company secretary's career warrants a key eye for the details. The company secretary should have effective communication to make sure the company's practices must be acceptable.
In India, the average salary of a Company Secretary is 8.2 lakh per annum.
Cost Accountant:
In this competitive market, many organizations are focusing on maintaining profitability. Such type of business environment results in management accountancy. That's why the demand for Cost Accountants is increasing. ICWAI (Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India) conducts the exams for Cost Accountants. Another name for cost accountant is a management accountant & his role plays an essential part in corporate strategy.
In India, the average salary of a Cost Accountant is 5 lakh per annum.
Financial Analyst:
The financial analysts need to be good at mathematics and critical thinking. Also, they should have a good understanding of economics, business and accounting along with excellent communication skills. The job profile of "Financial Analyst" is divided into two categories: credit analyst and investments analyst. Their role is to analyze the credit records & to develop a skill set to assess investment risks.
In India, the average salary of a Financial Analyst is 4 lakh per annum.
Conclusion:
So, by now, you've learned Accounting careers in India. If you want to become a financial analyst, you must have good analytical and communication skills. These accounting qualifications will open a doorway to resolve the problems in the financial accounts of the company. Hope this article is helpful for you. Happy Learning!
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Role of IRDA
This article is written by Ayushma Sharma of Faculty of Law, Aligarh Muslim University in which she has discussed the Role of Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDA).
Introduction
IRDA Full Form
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India, commonly known as, IRDA, is the supreme authority that authorizes the insurance business in India. It was established by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India Act, 1999 after the declaration made by the former President of India, Pranab Mukherjee, on Insurance Laws (Amendment) Ordinance of 2014.
Establishment of IRDA
The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India was established on the recommendations made by the Malhotra Committee in its report. This committee was headed by Mr. R.N. Malhotra (retired Governor of the Reserve Bank of India). It was finally set up at New Delhi on April 2000, but later on, it was shifted to Hyderabad, Telangana in 2001. The main recommendation made by this committee was to allow the entrance of private sector companies and foreign promoters and independent regulatory authority for the Insurance sector in India.
Objectives of IRDA
Following are the objectives of the IRDA:
To carry forward the interests of the policyholders.
To uphold the development of the Insurance industry.
To ensure speedy resolution of claims.
To prevent frauds and malpractices.
To ensure fair conduct on the part of the financial market and transparency when dealing with insurance.
Composition of IRDA
According to Section 4 of the Insurance Regulatory and Development of Authority Act, 1999, the members of the Authority will consist of the following :
a chairman
not more than five full-time members
not more than four-part time members
And together they are supposed to work as a team, work cooperatively and not individually.
These members are to be appointed by the Government of India from amongst the persons exhibiting qualities that would be useful to the Authority like, exceptional knowledge in the field of life insurance, financial markets, economics, law, accountancy, general insurance. They should have good experience in these fields, too. Though, the chairman and each of the five full-time members are expected to have knowledge and experience in life insurance, general insurance, or actuarial science respectively. The current chairman of the Authority is Subhash Chandra Khuntia. He was appointed in 2018.
It has the right to sue the other party on its name. It can also be sued in its name. Also, if any of the members dies or resigns, the Authority will continue to work.
Powers of IRDA / IRDA Functions
As per Section 14 of the Insurance Regulatory and Development of Authority Act, 1999 the Authority has to ensure the regulation, development and promotion of the insurance business and reinsurance business. Following are the other powers, duties and functions of the Authority:
To avail the applicant a certificate of registration, renewal, modification, withdrawal, suspension or cancellation of such registration.
To protect the interests of the policy holders in cases related to assigning and nomination of policy holders, understanding of insurance claims, insurable interests, surrendering of the value of the policy and other terms and conditions of the insurance contract.
To specify the necessary qualifications, code of conduct and practical training for intermediary or insurance intermediaries and agents.
Explaining the required code of conduct to the surveyors and loss assessors.
To ensure that the proficiency and efficiency of the conduct of the business of insurance.
To encourage and regulate the relationship between the professional organisations and the insurance and reinsurance businesses.
To levy charge to carry out the purpose of the Act.
To call for the information, undertaking an inspection of, conducting enquiries and investigations including the audit of insurers, intermediaries, insurance intermediaries and other organisations connected with the insurance business.
To control and regulate the rates, benefits, terms and conditions which are offered to the insurer in respect of general insurance business that is not controlled and regulated by the Tariff Advisory Committee under Section 64U of the Insurance Act of 1938 (4 of 1938).
To specify the manner in which the books are to be maintained and the way in which the statement of accounts shall be rendered by insurers and other insurance companies.
To maintain the investment funds by the insurance companies.
To regulate the maintenance of margin solvency.
Deciding the disputes between the insurers and the intermediaries of insurance intermediaries.
Administering the functioning of the Tariff Advisory Committee.
To set down the percentage premium income of the insurer of finance schemes for promoting and regulating the professional organisations.
To protect the interests of the policyholders in cases related to assigning and nomination of policyholders.
To set out the percentage of life insurance business and general insurance business to be taken forward by the insurer in the rural or social sector.
Exercising other powers as may be prescribed.
Chairman of IRDA
The Chairman of the Insurance Regulatory and Development of Authority of India is appointed by the collegium (consisting of three members) in consultation with the President of India. The present (as of August 2019) Chairman of the Insurance Regulatory and Development of Authority of India is Subhash Chandra Khuntia. He was appointed in 2018. The Government had short-listed eight candidates for the appointment.
As per the Insurance Regulatory and Development of Authority Act, 1999, the salary of a Chairman of the Insurance Regulatory and Development of Authority of India is Rs. 4.5 lakh per month. He holds office for a term of five years, according to Section 5 Insurance Regulatory and Development of Authority Act, 1999.
Role of IRDA
The role of IRDA includes:
To ensure interests and fair treatment to the insurance policy holders.
To ensure the development of the insurance industry or sector and to impart benefits to people and long-term funds to increase the growth of the economy.
To promote and apply high standards of integrity, fair dealing, the ability of all those companies that it administers.
To ensure clarity and accuracy while contracting with the insurance policyholders. The Authority has to ensure that true information has been rendered regarding products and services. Also, to make policyholders aware of the different plans and policies that are being implemented by the Insurance sector.
To provide speedy trials in case of disputes and to prevent fraud or any other misconduct.
To initiate new standards where they are needed or where there is lack of such standards.
To promote self-regulation in daily activities with the necessary regulations
IRDA Effect
Effects of Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority are as follows:
Effects over-regulation of Insurance Sector
IRDA has a huge impact on the Insurance sector of India. The Authority has to keep a close check on the Insurance sector to ensure that the interests of the policyholders remain intact. It regulates every activity of the insurance sector.
Effects over Policyholders Interests Protection
The main purpose of this Authority is to protect the interests of the policyholders and it has kept up with its purpose.
Effects over Awareness to Insurance
The IRDA, in order to ensure that the interests of the policyholders are protected, has to make sure that policyholders are aware of all the latest policies and plans of the Authority that would benefit them.
Effects over Insurance Market
There is a great transformation in the market due to the effects of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority be it with respect to marketing, insurance products, competitions and customer awareness.
Effects over Development of Insurance Product
In order to ensure the growth of the insurance market, IRDA has to introduce new methods that would help in increasing its efficiency. The development of Unit-Linked Insurance Plans is the result of privatization of the insurance sector, a step taken by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India.
Effects over Competition in the Insurance Sector
Initially, when there was no privatisation there was no competition. The different companies in the Insurance sector had to compete amongst themselves. But, after the advent of privatization of the Insurance sector the competition has increased, now it means international competition. It has increased the level of competition.
Effects over Government Responsibility
It is because of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) that the government is doing everything possible to ensure uniformity, accountability and responsibility in the Insurance sector.
Effects over Banks and Post Offices
Insurance has resulted in giving security against any kind of uncertainties or risks, so the Insurance sector has become a popular medium for savings and investments. Thus, the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority has helped in diverting the flow of funds from banks and post offices to the insurance industry.
Effects over individual Life’s
Now, because of the awareness created by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority and the policies introduced by it has resulted in a great impact on the life of an individual.
Effects over Share Market
Since the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority has introduced Unit-Linked Insurance plans (an insurance plan in which the policyholders get investment and insurance in a single plan) more and more people are trying out the plan. Therefore, with the help of insurance products can now be raised more easily for the companies and has attached many persons indirectly with the activities of the share market.
Effects over the Economy of India
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority effects over the economic development of the country because money invested by the investors or the individuals in various types of insurance products has channelized the funds of a country for a non-economic activity to economic activity and has made available to the government of a country in order to implement the various developmental activities in the country.
IRDA Complaint
In case the insurer is not happy with the workings of the insurance, then he can seek redressal by following the steps mentioned below:
Step 1 – file your complaint in writing and attach the required documents
Step 2 – take a written acknowledgement of your complaint with the date
The insurance company is supposed to resolve the problem of the applicant within 15 days from the date of filing the complaint. In case, the applicant is not satisfied with the redressal, then, in that case, he can approach the Grievance Redressal Officer of its branch or any other office that he can deal with.
Send an email to [email protected] to approach the Grievance Redressal Cell of the Consumer Affairs Department of IRDA.
By using an Integrated Grievance Management System the applicant can register and track the complaint at www.igms.irda.gov.in.
The applicant can then send a letter or fax to the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority with the complaint.
IRDA Guidelines
Click Above
IRDA Guideline and Rules for Health and Mediclaim Insurance
India has seen a high rise in the growth of the health insurance sector for the past few years. The reason behind this growth can be considered as an increase in the awareness amongst the people regarding the importance of health and insurance and also, rise in the disposable income of the people. The main purpose of the insurance of the health industry is not only to sell health insurance policies but also to effective and speedy remedy in case of any necessity. But some complaints have been made by the customers about denial by the insurance companies on perky grounds. Therefore, the Authority decided to introduce reforms that would help people in making successful claims and getting the appropriate remedies.
New Rules to standardize Health Insurance Sector by IRDA
The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India aims at increasing the efficiency and protecting the interests of the policyholders. To avoid any kind of misunderstanding the Authority has decided to introduce guidelines. This also helped in standardizing the health insurance policies. The guidelines include some provisions that are necessary to be fulfilled by every health insurance policy and the policyholders.
The guidelines introduced by the IRDA aims to reduce fraudulent cases and provide contentment to the policyholders. Normally, the policyholders don’t trust the insurance policies, so the Authority tried to work on this aspect, too. It has tried to increase the level of trust between the policyholder and the insurer. Through this the policy seekers will be able to understand different clauses which in turn help them in investing in only those policies which will satisfy their requirements.
Below mentioned is the link that will provide you with all the guidelines of the issued by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India.
https://www.irdai.gov.in/ADMINCMS/cms/frmG
IRDA Regulations
According to section 26 of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India Act, 1999, the Authority after consulting the Insurance Advisory Committee can introduce some new regulations under the Act which will help in achieving the objectives of the Act. The Authority make regulations in the following matters:
The time and place of the meetings and the manner in which they are to be held.
In the provisions mentioned in section 10(4) of the Act.
The conditions of service of officers and other employees.
The powers entrusted in the hands of the committees of the members under section 23(2).
In any other matter that requires new rules.
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDA) Act, 1999
Some of the important provisions of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India Act, 1999 are as follows:
Section 5 – Tenure of office of chairperson and the other members.
The Chairperson and all the whole- time members shall remain in office for a term of five years from the date on which they first entered their office. Also, they will be eligible for re-appointment. The Chairperson can not remain in the office after they have attained the age of sixty-five years and the whole-time members shall not hold the office once they have the age of sixty-two years. The part-time members can hold their position for a term not more than five years from the date on which he entered his office.
Section 6 – Removal from office.
Any member of the Authority can be removed from his office if:
He has been declared as insolvent.
He has lost his ability to work mentally or physically.
He has committed any offence which in Central Government’s opinion involves moral turpitude.
He has developed any financial interest which in turn will jeopardize his position in the office.
He has used his position in such a way that it is no longer in the interest of the public.
Though the removal of a member under the 4th and 5th point mentioned above cannot be done unless the accused person has been given an opportunity to explain his conduct.
Section 9 – Administrative powers of the Chairperson.
The Chairperson will have the powers related to general superintendence and direction in respect of all the administrative matters of the Authority.
Section 13 – Transfer of assets, liabilities, etc., of Interim Insurance Regulatory Authority
On the appointed day:
All the assets and the liabilities of the Insurance Regulatory Authority will be transferred to the Authority. The assets of the Interim Insurance Regulatory Authority will include assets like movable and immovable property, rights and powers, cash balances, deposits, interests that arises out of the property possessed by the Interim Insurance Regulatory Authority, and all the books and documents. The liabilities in such cases will include all kinds of debts and any kind of liability.
Irrespective of the fact mentioned in the above point, all the activities that involved the participation of the Interim Insurance Regulatory Authority and were related to the Insurance Authority will be deemed as having been constituted and engaged by the Authority.
All the amount of money that was due to the Interim Insurance Regulatory Authority exactly before such an appointed day will be presumed to be due to the Authority.
All those legal proceedings (either by or against the Interim Insurance Regulatory Authority) that were supposed to be constituted before that day will be continued or constituted by or against the Authority.
Section 16 – Constitution of Funds.
According to this provision, a fund will be constituted which will be known as ‘the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India Fund’. This fund will be credited to:
All the government grants, fees that the Authority receives.
The amount received by the Authority from the sources agreed by the Government.
The percentage of the minimum premium income that the insurers receive.
The fund constituted will be used for meeting the salaries, allowances, and remuneration of all the members of the Authority and also, to meet the expenses incurred by the Authority to fulfil its daily functions.
Section 17 – Accounts and Audit.
The Authority will have to maintain accounts and annual statements in accordance with the guidelines prescribed by the Government.
The accounts and the annual statements of the Authority will be maintained by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India. If any expense is incurred by the Comptroller and Auditor General in maintaining such accounts then, the Authority will have to pay the Comptroller and Auditor General.
Any person appointed by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India concerning the maintenance of the accounts and annual statements of the Authority will have the same rights and privileges as that of the Comptroller and Auditor General. These rights include the right to demand the production of books of accounts, connected vouchers, and other relevant documents and papers.
The audit report prepared by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India and the other person appointed by him will be forwarded annually to the Central Government. The Government, in turn, will present it before each House of the Parliament.
Section 18 – Powers of the Central Government to issue Directions.
The Central Government can issue directions to the Insurance Regulatory Authority on matters related to questions of policy. Such directions will bind the Authority to act according to the Government’s directions. But, all this will happen only when the Authority will also be given the chance to present its views before the Government before the directions are issued.
Whether a question is one of the policies or not, will be decided by the Central Government.
Section 19 – Powers of Central Government to supersede the Authority.
In case of any fault on the part of the Authority, the Government has the right to intervene in the matter. If not satisfied by the functioning of the Authority the Government will appoint a person to act as the Controller of Insurance under section 2B of the Insurance Act, 1938 (Act 4 of 1938). But before appointing Controller of Insurance the government will have a reasonable amount of time to the Authority to make corrections in its functioning.
But first, the Government will issue a notification of superseding the Authority. Though the Government can only supersede for a period specified in the notification and this period shall not be more than six months.
If the Central Government realises that the Authority is not able to discharge its functions properly like it was supposed to perform.
If because of the functioning of the Authority the financial condition or the administration of the Authority has suffered.
If the circumstances are such that it becomes necessary for the Government to intervene to ensure public interest.
Section 20 – Furnishing of Returns, etc. to the Central government.
The Authority will have to furnish all those documents, returns, statements and other particulars that the Government demands from the Authority.
The Authority will provide the Government a report consisting of all the activities it performs, expenses incurred, assets formed, cash generated, promotion and development of the insurance business during the previous financial year. The accounts should be correct. This report is to be submitted within nine months after the close of every financial year.
The copies of the report submitted by the Authority to the Government will have to present before each House of the Parliament by the Government.
Section 22 – Protection of Action taken in Good Faith.
If any action is taken by the Authority or the Central Government in good faith under the provisions of the Act, then, no suit can be filed against them. But if any step is taken which is not in accordance with the provisions of the Act, and is against some person, then, the person has the right to file a suit against the Authority or the Central Government.
Section 24 – Power to make rules.
This provision entitles the Central government to make rules regarding the provisions of the Act. These provisions include salaries and allowances payable to the members of the Authority, the format of the annual statements accounts prepared by the Authority, powers that may be exercised by the Authority in accordance with Section 7(2) of the Act, etc.
IRDA List
Click here to check the list of life insurers.
https://www.irdai.gov.in/ADMINCMS/cms/NormalData_Layout.aspx?page=PageNo129&mid=3.1.9
Conclusion
Insurance is an important aspect of the economy which requires changes from time to time according to the needs of the people. An individual should be aware of the opportunities that are available to him in the form of health and life insurances. The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India plays a significant role in ensuring that the interests of the policyholders remain secured. Though competition has increased with necessary changes, the objectives of the insurers and policyholders can be achieved.
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Dying To Be Free
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Growing economy has opened entrepreneurial & job opportunities across various verticals of Finance & Commerce Industry. Avinash College of Commerce best degree colleges in hyderabad offers B.Com General/Taxation courses that help the students choose between a myriad of career options based on their interest and competence. Students of B.Com (General) opt for various professional courses viz., Chartered Accountancy (CA), Company Secretary ship (CS), Cost & Management Accountancy (CMA) while pursuing their graduation. Avinash College of Commerce is the top 10 degree colleges in hyderabad With the introduction of GST, a plethora of Career options in Taxation Domain (Direct & Indirect) have opened up thereby encouraging students to pick up B.Com (Taxation) as a specialized course in graduation. While developing these academic & soft skills the top degree colleges in hyderabad also improves the employability of the students through well-crafted placement training. As the best degree college in hyderabad most of the classes are taught with real world examples using innovative pedagogy the students will find it easy to adjust to the corporate world. B.Com (General) & B.Com (Taxation) programmes offer a wide range of job opportunities as Tax Consultants, Auditors, Actuaries, Accountants, Business Consultants, Stock Brokers, Financial& Investment Analysts.
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Banking on the LIC lifeline
IDBI Bank joins the likes of PNB and Canara Bank, among other PSBs, in the insurance behemoth's portfolio. Will this collective stress hurt policyholders?
When the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (Irdai) met on June 30 at its headquarters in Hyderabad to discuss a possible move by the Life Insurance of India (LIC) to raise its stake in one of the country’s weakest banks, IDBI Bank, the contours of the meeting and its decisions, were quite evident from beforehand. Under its recently appointed chairman Subhash Chandra Khuntia, Irdai allowed LIC to hold more than 15 percent stake in a particular company, granting an exemption in the regulatory rules for insurance companies. (An approval from the LIC and IDBI Bank boards is awaited.)
This paved the way for LIC to bail out yet another public sector company, adding to a long list of disinvestments that include Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd, General Insurance Company, New India Assurance and Indian Oil Corporation in 2017 and 2018, besides buying stakes in Bhel, ONGC and NTPC earlier. Although these investments have been officially announced, LIC has not disclosed their rationale or impact.
LIC may now decide to infuse capital of nearly ₹13,000 crore into IDBI Bank for a 40 percent stake, with the government’s stake decreasing proportionately. Currently, LIC holds 10.82 percent stake in the bank, while the government holds 80.96 percent; other institutions and the public hold the rest. LIC’s total assets are ₹25 lakh crore (about $385 billion), with a life fund of about ₹23 lakh crore, as of FY17.
Just nine days before the June 30 meeting, the government, through officials in the ministry of finance, had suggested that a decision from LIC to pick up additional stake in IDBI Bank would lie “with independent boards” of both organisations. So, what then was the tearing hurry for LIC to hike its stake in a loss-making bank?
In a family of capital-guzzling public sector banks (PSBs), IDBI Bank received the highest recapitalisation from the government, of ₹12,471 crore, in FY18. What is worrying are its gross non-performing assets (NPAs) of ₹55,588 crore, which form 28 percent of its total advances as on FY18. The bank has reported a net loss for the last three years—widening with each year—to touch ₹8,238 crore on March 31, 2018. LIC’s increased stake in it could mean the government will not need to provide additional recapitalisation, at least for this year.
LIC and IDBI Bank declined to speak to me for this article.
Appealing against the move that might make LIC the promoter of IDBI Bank, the All India LIC Employees Federation has written to its chairman VK Sharma. “It [IDBI Bank] will need significant amount of capital to clean up its books and maintain minimum levels of regulatory capital. Given the precarious situation of NPA in IDBI Bank and the intention of LIC to substantially raise its stake in the said bank, there is contagion risk on the policyholders’ precious savings, which will grossly impact the capability of LIC to serve its policyholders,” the letter says.
“Dumping IDBI Bank on LIC will not be of help to anyone. It is just going to postpone a problem. LIC will have to pay for this in the long term,” says Rajesh Kumar, general secretary of the federation. He argues that investment decisions gone wrong will finally impact the books of the corporation and, in this case, the valuation surplus for LIC. The insurer’s valuation surplus—the money available for distribution to policyholders (as a bonus) after paying expenses and taxes—has fallen by 11.87 percent to ₹44,006.67 crore in FY17, compared to the previous year.
To ensure proper governance, if a bank or an investor is keen to buy another company, it is usual practice to draw up a proposal and present it to the company’s board, regulators and shareholders. However, it did not happen in this case. “A proposal could have been made to the policyholders. They provide the funds, and the investments are made out of life funds managed by LIC,” says a financial advisor on condition of anonymity. “We have a peculiar situation, where the shareholder has only subscribed ₹200 crore by way of capital, and all the reserves that are a part of net worth belong to the policyholders.”
Insurance companies make investments to generate returns and increase its actuarial surplus every year. This ensures that their liabilities—claims made by policyholders—are always met. However, in the case of LIC, which was formed in 1956 by nationalising around 245 companies and consolidated into a single entity by an Act of Parliament, its policies are sovereign guaranteed.
Following the collapse of state-run mutual fund US-64 in 2001, policyholders were worried that LIC would go the same way. “Concerns regarding the solvency of LIC were being raised since it focussed largely on selling products that guaranteed [assured] returns,” the financial advisor says. In 2003, the LIC board appointed Deloitte India to conduct a management audit, focusing on assessing financial viability, investment management and capital requirement for the organisation. While solvency fears of the LIC were dispelled, it was found to be needing capital.
It remains imperative for LIC to invest prudently and manage returns well. But “the benchmark performance of its investment portfolio is not publicly available and therefore there is no basis available to examine the robustness of its investment decisions. Very often LIC has made its funds available for federal and state government projects and public-sector entities,” the advisor adds.
IDBI Bank’s genesis was in 1964 as a development financial institution called IDBI, whose ownership was transferred from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to the government in 1976. In 1992, when new banks were created, IDBI applied to diversify into commercial banking, and, between 2003 and 2008, became a corporate entity operating under the Companies Act.
What has hurt IDBI Bank the most in recent years is its institutional book, which was largely focussed on infrastructure. “If it was a bank in the first place, the proportion of lending towards infrastructure would have been smaller. The other benefits of becoming a bank—building deposits, a branch network, a retail franchise or becoming a diversified lender—came later,” says Udit Kariwala, associate director (financial institutions), India Ratings & Research, part of the Fitch Group. He believes that in the new set-up, IDBI Bank’s management may not be from LIC; the insurer could, instead, place a nominee on the bank’s board and not directly manage daily operations.
Kapil Mehta, co-founder of insurance broker SecureNow, believes that the deal could emerge as a sound bet. “Across the world, larger insurers have started small and then grown and built on their investments. In this case, the challenge will be to turn IDBI Bank around. LIC will have to play a more active role in its management.”
The first step would be to start cleaning up the bank’s books, which, analysts say, could take more than six to seven quarters. “The bank will need to clean up its balance sheet further by writing off a few more large bad loans accounts,” says Asutosh Mishra, senior research analyst, Reliance Securities. “One option could be to transfer these loans into an asset reconstruction company or alternate investment funds.
However, LIC’s concerns go well beyond IDBI Bank: It owns stakes in 21 PSBs, most of which are listed under prompt corrective action, which is a monitoring and control mechanism introduced by the RBI to take remedial action against weak banks. Some of these banks have shown a sharp drop in their stocThe bad news is that for PSBs, slippages towards bad loans are nowhere close to an end. Kariwala of India Ratings says the total expected corporate slippages over the next four quarters (July 2018 onwards) could be in the range of ₹1.2 to 1.4 lakh crore, that too only relating to the corporate book. Some more slippages could come from the small and medium enterprises and retail books.
An independent Fitch study shows that nearly half of India’s PSBs are at a risk of breaching their minimum capital triggers, indicating the need for further recapitalisation.
LIC has a 12.24 percent stake in Punjab National Bank (PNB), which is reeling from a ₹14,357-crore fraud. Analysts say that a sharp rise in stressed assets and impending provisions (on gratuity, investment depreciation) will be concerns going ahead in FY19. “PNB could take some more time to come out of its troubles. The government will attempt to do its best to turn things around,” says Mishra of Reliance Securities.
In the case of Canara Bank, where LIC has a 9.47 percent stake, it will need to make changes in their business strategies. In FY18, it reported a loss of ₹4,222 crore, against a profit of ₹1,122 crore in FY17, hurt by higher provisions for bad loans. The bank’s gross NPAs were not too far behind IDBI Bank’s, at ₹47,468 crore by March-end. Canara Bank has now approved a fund raising plan for ₹7,000 crore for the current financial year, to fund credit growth.
According to a Motilal Oswal post-Q4FY14 earnings report, the net stress on the books remains high, and the bank will face high credit costs that would keep returns subdued. “Given weak operating profitability, we would wait and watch developments in asset quality,” wrote Anirvan Sarkar of Motilal Oswal, in a note to clients in May.
But even while other banks struggle, the attention for now will be on IDBI Bank. Ashvin Parekh, managing partner of Ashvin Parekh Advisory Services, says, “Time will tell whether the investment made by LIC is a good one. The answer lies in the price that LIC will be required to pay for the equity.”
As of now, LIC has not disclosed the valuations, or the assumptions made, towards the price. The requirement is for an independent body or a judicial system, like the Comptroller and Auditor General, to examine the investments made by LIC, or where blatant exceptions have been provided. This would make the LIC board and, in turn, the government, more accountable for their decisions. Till then, one can only hope that LIC takes on the role of an active fund manager for its investments.k prices in the past four years, thereby affecting LIC’s profitability in these investments.
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Explore Your Study Abroad Career with Actuarial Sciences
Top universities for pursuing a career in actuarial sciences
Actuaries are an integral part of any industry and play a vital role in commercial enterprises. The primary job of an actuary is to determine the potential risk of a targeted investment and analyze the extent of reward that can be accrued with that investment and the risk thereof. Actuaries are typically expected to know the risk profile of their clients in case of life insurance and can also work in other areas of insurance such as flood insurance,corporate insurance and home-owners insurance.
Actuarial science is an extremely lucrative and satisfying career path in which the actuaries are expected to put their knowledge of advanced Mathematical and Statistical tools to good use. Their work is of crucial importance to Governments as well as private companies and their clients. As a result actuaries are much in demand in the current job market and demand for them is expected to increase by double digit percentages in the next few years. The profession also promises good earning potential with actuaries earning a median salary of around 1, 00,000 USD per annum.
We take a look at the top actuarial science programs in the USA currently as a part of Overseas Education.
Purdue University offers study abroad program in Actuarial Science
Purdue University offers a joint interdisciplinary program in actuarial science that is administered by the Department of Statistics and Department of Mathematics. Students who study abroad at Purdue can pursue a joint major in Actuarial Science, which is nationally reputed for its research, resources and low cost of the program. The major allows students who study overseas to prepare comprehensively for the first five examinations that are set by the Society of Actuaries as well as the Casualty Actuarial Society. Students who plan overseas education in this university are offered the course at the undergraduate level only.
Milwaukee School of Engineering offers Masters in Actuarial Science for those interested for education in USA
Students who study abroad at the Milwaukee School of Engineering in actuarial science can rest assured that they are pursuing their major in one of the most reputed educational institutions in USA for actuarial science as well as statistics, computer science and mathematics. The institute trains students who start their education in its premises, skills applying to a wide range of actuarial tools such as risk management and prevention, data analysis, probability, forecasting, human behavior and business management. Students who study at MSOEand graduate from this program find employment in mid to senior positions in both private and public institutions. The study abroad program provides the students with in-depth knowledge in computer applications, computer programming, statistical analysis, business principles, database management and professional ethics.
Carnegie Mellon University for pursuing foreign education
Students, who study abroad at the Carnegie Mellon University get the opportunity to study at one of the most reputed departments for mathematics in the country. The students who are pursuing a career in actuarial Science at CMU get comprehensive training in a wide variety of skills that includes data analysis, data modelling and prediction as well as other applications that are related to the science of actuaries in financial domain during their overseas education program.
Ohio State University excelling in providing foreign education programs
Students, who study abroad at the Ohio State University, get an opportunity to be trained in the field of actuarial science. Students can start off with an actuarial science per-major to effectively demonstrate their competence in the subjects of statistics and mathematics before they can go to pursue a major in actuarial science. The program for actuarial science at Ohio State University helps the students who study abroad at the university to successfully pass their major exams set by the Society of Actuaries and Casualty Actuarial Society. The program’s rigorous standards ensure that students who successfully complete it are able to find employment immediately upon graduation. The university also boasts of an Actuarial Science Club for students who study abroad, can join along with the other students of the university.
Temple University
Students who study at Temple University at the undergraduate level can pursue a B.B.A in actuarial science. The course trains them in skills pertaining to probability, calculus, statistics and actuarial modeling. The program not unlike many other programs in actuarial sciences, prepares the students who study abroad in the course to sail through the major examinations set by the Casualty Actuarial Society as well as the Society of Actuaries.
To know more about the best universities in Abroad for pursuing a course in actuarial science contact Global Tree Overseas Education and immigration Consultants at Begumpet, Hyderabad, the most trusted overseas education consultant in India.
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There are actuarial companies spread across the length and breadth of the country. Just like, one can find actuaries and companies dealing with measurement of risks and uncertainties of businesses in the financial capital of the country, Mumbai, similarly, there are Actuarial companies in Bangalore as well. Numerica is one of the very well known actuarial company in Bangalore.
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The actuarial companies in Pune provide segment wise systematic solutions such as- risk-management, actuarial services, statistical, etc. There are many companies providing similar solutions both in India and overseas it is important or a big decision to select the ones as per your work requirements or the one suiting your work assignment at a requested price or an affordable one.
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The actuarial companies in India or Overseas provide segment wise systematic solutions such as- risk-management, actuarial services, statistical,etc.
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Taking into consideration the leave schemes that go through a process of valuation, actuarial companies in India resort to sundry methods in evaluating and executing the accounting of leaves according to their prudence and assessment. The methods which these companies put to use diverge in the ways these leaves are categorized, valued and revealed.
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