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dailyanarchistposts · 5 months ago

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India witnessed the rise of two large protest movements in last 2 years which saw millions taking to streets against the oppressive laws passed by the government. These were the Anti-CAA protests against the discriminative Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), and the farmers protests against the 3 pro-corporate farm laws. During the Anti-CAA protests, the loudest voices of dissent have been the women, from housewives to grandmothers, lawyers to students, women across India have been at the forefront of this struggle. This female-driven political awakening has been most jubilantly epitomized by the sit-in protest at Shaheen Bagh, drawing a cross-generational, largely female crowd never seen in India before [1]. Then came the farmer protests, where millions of farmers took to streets to fight the anti-farmer legislation that was passed in the Indian parliament and to highlight the issues of agrarian crisis which has been growing in India for the last few decades. In these protests, there is an unprecedented solidarity being displayed in the daily rallies that draw out thousands of people all over Indian cities. There are no visible leaders calling out to people to protest in one mode or another, yet the country has found a way to speak truth to power [2].

The Shaheen Bagh protest was led mostly by Muslim women, in response to the passage of the discriminative and unconstitutional CAA passed by Parliament of India and the police attack on students of Jamia Millia Islamia University. Protesters agitated not only against the citizenship issues of the CAA, National Register of Citizens (NRC) and National Population Register (NPR), but also against economic crisis, rising inequality, police brutality, unemployment, poverty and for women’s safety. The protesters also supported farmer unions, unions opposing the government’s anti-labour policies and protested against attacks on academic institutions. The protest started with 10–15 local women, mostly hijab wearing Muslim housewives, but within days drew crowds of up to a hundred thousand, making it one of the longest sit-in protests of this magnitude in modern India. The Shaheen Bagh protest also inspired similar style protests across the country, such as those in Gaya, Kolkata, Prayagraj, Mumbai, Chennai and Bengaluru. The protesters at Shaheen Bagh, since 14 December 2019, continued their sit-in protest in New Delhi using non-violent resistance for 101 days until 24 March 2020 when it ended due to COVID-19 pandemic outbreak.

Most of the women who came to Shaheen Bagh protest were first-time protesters, mostly homemakers, who were standing up to the government [3]. This was the first time they came out on a national issue which cut across religious lines. Some came with their newborns and children and some were grandparents. The women were center of protests and men supported them from the sidelines. They were creative and strategic. They governed their worlds quietly from the background and knew when a crisis needed them to cross invisible boundaries and step into the foreground. They emerged into the public space to collectively confront a looming crisis [2]. Armed with thick blankets, warm cups of tea and songs of resistance, these women have braved one of the coldest winters Delhi faced in the last 118 years [4]. These women were drivers of this protest, joining in irrespective of caste and religion, taking turns to sit-in at the site. They broke down the historically prevailing gender binary of patriarchy and took control. They also destroyed the popular imagination claiming Muslim women as powerless and lacking agency.

Shaheen Bagh in many ways typifies the protest movement that erupted across India as it was leaderless. No political party or organization could claim to be leading the protest. Instead, it was fueled primarily by these women who were residents of working-class neighborhoods of Shaheen Bagh. Since it was a leaderless protest, it could not be terminated by a few prominent organizers [5]. When they tried to “called off” the protest citing interference of political parties and security threats, the women of Shaheen Bagh rejected it and decided to continue the protests. The movement had no formal organizers and thrived on a roving group of volunteers and the local women’s tenacity alone. The lack of leaders also confused the police who are clueless on whom to approach to make these women vacate the site.

The protesters were supported and coordinated by a diverse group of more than hundred volunteers, including local residents, students and professionals. These volunteers organized themselves around different tasks such as setting up makeshift stages, shelters and bedding; providing food, water, medicine, and access to toilet facilities; installing CCTV cameras, bringing in electric heaters, outside speakers and collecting donations [6]. Donations includes mattresses, an assortment of tables that form the foundation of the stage and endless cups of steaming tea that provide warmth on cold winter days. Local residents formed informal groups which coordinated security, speakers, songs, and cultural programs that happened on these makeshift stages. People distributed tea, snacks, biryani, sweets and other eatables at the protest site. Some donated wood logs to keep the protesters warm. Collection drives for blankets and other essentials were organized through social media. A health camp was also set up beside the camped protesters which provided medicines for them. Doctors and nurses along with medical students from different medical institutes and hospitals voluntarily joined for the purpose [7]. A group of Sikh farmers from Punjab came and set up a langer (free community kitchen) in the area.

The space was decorated with art and installations [8]. Stairways leading to the closed shops in the vicinity of the protest circle were transformed into a public library and art centre by student volunteers from Jamia along with the young children of Shaheen Bagh. Protest art became the voice of resistance and dissent during the event, and the area was covered in murals, graffiti, posters and banners [9]. A reading area called “Read for Revolution” had been set up with hundreds of crowd-sourced books as well as writing materials [10]. A nearby bus stop was converted into the Fatima Sheikh-Savitribai Phule library, which provided material on the country’s constitution, revolution, racism, fascism, oppression and various social issues [11]. Public reading spaces were created for the cause of dissent and to amplify the idea of education amongst the protesters of Shaheen Bagh. Since a majority of women of Shaheen Bagh have stepped out of their homes for the first time, this was an attempt to bring these women closer so that they read and facilitate the social change they exemplify. Besides young children, senior citizens, working people, domestic workers and many from Shaheen Bagh and nearby areas were occupying the area, choosing books or picking up colors and chart paper, while some also come to donate their old books and stationery.

लड़ो पढ़ाई करने को, पढ़ो समाज बदलने को (Fight To Read, Read To Change)

The children who were present alongside parents also participated in the protest. Most of these children would visit school in the morning before joining their parents at the protest site, which became an art space for many children [12]. They would express their thoughts and join in the protest through storytelling, poetry, puppetry, singing and painting. Student volunteers engaged the local children in reading, painting and singing, and held informal reading lessons.

Speeches, lectures, rap and shayari poetry readings were held every day [13]. Activists, artists and social workers came and gave talks on various issues faced by Muslims, Dalits, Adivasis, the disabled, LGBTQ people, and all those who are oppressed. The stage is democratic and hosts poets and professors, housewives and elders, civil society groups and civic leaders, actors and celebrities and of course students – from Jamia, JNU to the local government schools. A large number of women participate in open-mics to express their thoughts, many speaking in public for the first time. The protestors read the Preamble of the Constitution which reminds them of their rights of Liberty, Equality and Justice. If the Shaheen Bagh stage had a bias, it is towards women and those, from academia and elsewhere, who can educate them not just on CAA-NRC-NPR, but also the freedom struggle, Ambedkar, Gandhi and the ideas that animate the preamble to the constitution [13]. The chants of “inquilab zindabad (long live the revolution!)”and “save the Constitution” filled the site. At night people would watch films and documentaries which were screened on the site, about refugee crisis, anti-fascist struggles and revolution. Musical and cultural events were also conducted in solidarity with anti-CAA protests. This occupy protest provided an example of how to create a community without government support by voluntary association and mutual aid, make decisions in a democratic way where everyone takes part and decentralize power by having no organizers or leaders who control everything. These elements of anarchist organizing is also visible in the farmers’ protest.

Small and marginal farmers with less than two hectares of land account for 86.2% of all farmers in India, but own just 47.3% of the crop area. A total of 2,96,438 farmers have committed suicide in India from 1995–2015 [14]. 28 people dependent on farming die by suicide in India every day [15]. India is already facing a huge agrarian crisis and the 3 new laws have opened up door for corporatization of agriculture by dismantling the Minimum Support Price (MSP) leaving the farmers at the mercy of the big capitalist businesses.

The farmers protest began with farmers unions holding local protests against the farmer bills mostly in Punjab. After two months of protests, farmers from Punjab and Haryana began a movement named Dilli Chalo (Go to Delhi), in which tens of thousands of farmers marched towards the nation’s capital [16]. The Indian government used police to attack the protesters using water cannons, batons, and tear gas to stop them from entering Delhi. On 26 November 2020, the largest general strike in the world with over 250 million people, took place in support of the farmers [17]. A crowd of 200,000 to 300,000 farmers converged at various border points on the way to Delhi. As protest, farmers blocked the highways surrounding Delhi by sitting on the roads [18]. Transport unions representing 14 million truck drivers also came out in support of the farmers. The farmers have told the Supreme court of India that they won’t listen to courts if asked to back off. They organized a tractor rally with over 200,000 tractors on the Republic day and stormed the historic Red Fort [19]. The government barricaded the capital roads with cemented nails and trenches to stop farmers and electricity, Internet, and water supply were cut off from the protest sites.

Scores of langars, i.e. free community kitchens have been set up by farmer’s organizations and NGOs to meet the food needs of the hundreds of thousands of farmers in the farmers-camps that have sprung up on the borders of Delhi [20]. The farmers came fully equipped to prepare mass meals in these community kitchens with supplies coming from their villages daily. Tractors and trucks with sacks of vegetables and flour as well as cans of oil and milk arrive daily from villages and towns where pooling resources for community meals is a way of life. These langars work round the clock and provide free food without distinction of caste, class, or religion. Supporters of the farm protest often bring almonds, apples, sweets, and packaged water. They even supplied a machine that rolls out a thousand “rotis” every hour. Social media is used to collect blankets and other essentials for these protests who are braving the harsh winter. Many protestors camp on the roadside in the cold Delhi winter and spending nights curled up in tractor trailers. Volunteers have set up solar-powered mobile charging points, laundry stalls with washing machines, medical stalls for medicines, arranged doctors and nurses, dental camps and brought foot massage chairs for elderly protesters [21].

A makeshift school has been set up at the camp, called “Sanjhi Sathh” (a common place) to recreate a village tradition of holding discussions on important issues. Children from underprivileged families who are unable to attend school due to financial issues and the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic come to this tent. It has library, which displays biographies of Indian freedom fighter Bhagat Singh, revolutionary Che Guevara, and other books of various genres and newspapers in English, Hindi and Punjabi languages. Dozens of posters with slogans written on them cover every inch of the tarpaulin tents [22]. Farmers also installed CCTV cameras to keep a watch on the protest site and keep a record of what is happening and counter any narrative to discredit their protest. Farmers protest also saw participation of women coming out to protest in large numbers. Women farmers and agricultural workers were riding tractors from their villages and rallying to the protest sites, unfazed by the gruesome winter.

Just like Shaheen Bagh protest, this is a decentralized leaderless protest by hundreds of farmer unions. Even though the negotiations with the government are being attended by representatives of 32 farmer unions, they act as spoke persons who present the collective demand of all farmers. Whenever Government introduces a new proposal, the representatives come back to the unions where they sit together, discuss, debate and decide the future course of action together in a democratic way. Farmers are conducting Kisan Mahapanchayats (public meetings) which are attended by hundreds of thousands of people in villages around Delhi, UP, Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana to discuss strategies and ways to put pressure on the government. It was this decentralization that made the protest robust and overcome the condemnation around violence during Republic day Truck Rally. Even though many farm union leaders called for ending the protest, the farmers remained steadfast in their decision to not go back till the laws were repelled.

The sites of the two protests mentioned above can be compared to the Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone (CHAZ) that was set up in Capitol Hill neighborhood of Seattle, Washington by Black Lives Matter (BLM) protesters during the aftermath of the murder of George Floyd by Police [23]. CHAZ was a nascent commune, built through mutual aid where no police was allowed and almost everything was free.

CHAZ, Shaheen Bagh and Farmers’ protests were occupation protests where the protestors set up a community themselves and created an autonomous zone. If one was against racism and police brutality, others were against religious discrimination and agrarian crisis. The protests were mostly self-organized and without an official leadership. The sites were filled with protest art, paintings, film screenings and musical performances [24]. Just like the mutual aid cooperative in CHAZ, free food, water, snacks and other supplies were provided to everyone. Areas were set up for assemblies and to facilitate discourse [25].

CHAZ was a leaderless zone, where the occupants favored consensus decision-making in the form of a general assembly, with daily meetings and discussion [26]. They slept in tents, cars and surrounding buildings, relying on donations from local store owners and activists. They collected donations for the homeless and created community gardens [27]. Medical stations were established to provide basic health care.

Anarchism tries to create institutions of a new society “within the shell of the old,” to expose, subvert, and undermine structures of domination but always, while doing so, proceeding in a democratic fashion, a manner which itself demonstrates those structures are unnecessary [28]. Anarchists observe what people are already doing in their communities, and then tries to tease out the hidden symbolic, moral, or pragmatic logic that underlie their actions and tries to make sense of it in ways that they are not themselves completely aware of. They look at those who are creating viable alternatives, try to figure out what might be the larger implications of what they are already doing, and then offer those ideas back, not as prescriptions, but as contributions [28]. They understand that people are already forming self-organized communities when the state has failed them and we can learn a lot about direct action and mutual aid from these communities.

Direct democratic decision making, decentralization of power, solidarity, mutual aid and voluntary association are the core principles of anarchist organizing. Anarchists employ direct action, disrupting and protesting against unjust hierarchy, and self-managing their lives through the creation of counter-institutions such as communes and non-hierarchical collectives. Decision-making is handled in an anti-authoritarian way, with everyone having equal say in each decision. They participate in all discussions in order to build a rough consensus among members of the group without the need of a leader or a leading group. Anarchists organize themselves to occupy and reclaim public spaces where art, poetry and music are blended to display the anarchist ideals. Squatting is a way to regain public space from the capitalist market or an authoritarian state and also being an example of direct action. We can find elements of these in all these protests and that is the reason for their robustness and success. It bursts the myth that you need a centralized chain of command with small group of leaders on top who decide the strategies and a very large group of followers who blindly obey those decisions for the sustenance and success of large scale organizing. All these protests were leaderless protests where people themselves decided and came to a consensus on the course of action to be followed in a democratic way. When people decide to take decisions themselves and coordinate with each other in small communities by providing aid to each other, it creates the strongest form of democracy and solidarity.

The fact that these protests happened, with so many people collectively organizing and cooperating, for such a long duration, shows us that we can self-organize and create communities without external institutions and it can be civilized and more democratic than the autocratic bureaucracy and authoritarian governments which concentrate all power and oppress people. These protests were driven by mostly by uneducated women, poor farmers and people from other marginalized communities, who showed that they can create communities which are more moral and egalitarian, than those that exist in hierarchical societies with the affluent and highly educated. They showed that people who are oppressed and underprivileged can organize themselves into communities of mutual aid and direct democracy which eliminates a need for coercive hierarchical systems of governance which exist only to exploit them.

What these occupy protests show us is that we can form communities and collectively organize various forms of democratic decision making simultaneously providing everyone their basic needs. There protests show us models of community organizing in large scales comprising hundreds of thousands of people. Even though they are not perfect we can learn the ideas these protests emulate – of solidarity, mutual aid, direct democracy, decentralization of power and try to recreate these in our lives and communities.

References

[1]

H. E. Petersen and S. Azizur Rahman, “‘Modi is afraid’: women take lead in India’s citizenship protests,” The Guardian, 21 January 2020.

[2]

N. Badwar, “Speaking truth to power, in Shaheen Bagh and beyond,” Livemint, 17 January 2020.

[3]

B. Kuchay, “Shaheen Bagh protesters pledge to fight, seek rollback of CAA law,” Al Jazeera, 15 January 2020.

[4]

“Shaheen Bagh: The women occupying Delhi street against citizenship law — ‘I don’t want to die proving I am Indian’,” BBC, 4 January 2020.

[5]

K. Sarfaraz, “Shaheen Bagh protest organiser calls it off, can’t get people to vacate,” The Hindustan Times, 2 January 2020.

[6]

“The volunteers of Shaheen Bagh,” The Telegraph (Culcutta), 24 December 2019.

[7]

“Behind Shaheen Bagh’s Women, An Army of Students, Doctors & Locals,” The Quint, 14 January 2020.

[8]

R. Venkataramakrishnan, “The Art of Resistance: Ringing in the new year with CAA protesters at Delhi’s Shaheen Bagh,” Scroll.in, 6 January 2020.

[9]

A. Bakshi, “Portraits of resilience: the new year in Shaheen Bagh,” 2 January 2020.

[10]

J. Thakur, “Shaheen Bagh Kids and Jamia Students Make Space for Art, Reading and Revolution,” The Citizen, 11 January 2020.

[11]

F. Ameen, “The Library at Shaheen Bagh,” The Telegraph (Culcutta), 20 January 2020.

[12]

A. Purkait, “In Shaheen Bagh, Children Paint Their Protest while Mothers Hold Dharna,” Makers India, 22 January 2020.

[13]

S. Chakrabarti, “Shaheen Bagh Heralds a New Year With Songs of Azaadi,” The Wire, 31 December 2019.

[14]

P. Sainath, “Maharashtra crosses 60,000 farm suicides,” People’s Archive of Rural India (PARI), 21 July 2014.

[15]

R. Sengupta, “Every day, 28 people dependent on farming die by suicide in India,” Down to Earth, 3 September 2020.

[16]

“Dilli Chalo | Farmers’ protest enters fifth day,” The Hindu, 30 November 2020.

[17]

S. Joy, “At least 25 crore workers participated in general strike; some states saw complete shutdown: Trade unions,” Deccan Herald, 26 November 2020.

[18]

“Farmers’ Protest Highlights: Protesting farmers refuse to budge, say ‘demands are non-negotiable,” The Indian Express, 1 December 2020.

[19]

G. Bhatia, “Tractors to Delhi,” Reuters, 29 January 2021.

[20]

“Langar Tradition Plays Out in Farmers Protest, Students Use Social Media To Organise Essentials,” India Today, 2 December 2020.

[21]

J. Sinha, “Protest site draws ‘Sewa’ – medicine stalls, laundry service, temple & library come up,” Indian Express, 11 December 2020.

[22]

B. Kuchay, “A school for the underprivileged at Indian farmers’ protest site,” AlJazeera, 24 January 2021.

[23]

D. Silva and M. Moschella, “Seattle protesters set up ‘autonomous zone’ after police evacuate precinct,” NBC News, 11 June 2020.

[24]

C. Burns, “The Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone Renames, Expands, and Adds Film Programming,” The Stranger, 10 June 2020.

[25]

H. Allam, “‘Remember Who We’re Fighting For’: The Uneasy Existence Of Seattle’s Protest Camp,” NPR, 18 June 2020.

[26]

K. Burns, “Seattle’s newly police-free neighborhood, explained,” Vox, 16 June 2020.

[27]

h. Weinberger, “In Seattle’s CHAZ, a community garden takes root | Crosscut,” Crosscut, 15 June 2020.

[28]

D. Graeber, Fragments of an Anarchist Anthropology, 2004.

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cult-of-the-eye · 1 year ago

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What experience I would give as a statement to Jonathan Sims, Head Archivist of the Magnus Institute, London? Statement fucking begins...

Summer after GCSEs, whole fam picks up and goes to India for 3 weeks

Listen we are hubristic. We literally go from Britain to Turkey to Delhi airport, to a different airport, to Banaras in a taxi, to Siliguri in a sleeper train, to Kalimpong in a car, back to Siliguri in a van, then to Kolkata in a sleeper bus, to Dhakha, Bangladesh by plane, to my grandparents place in Sylhet by car, then back to Dhakha, then back to Delhi, then back to Turkey and then back to Britain.

Tell me we didn't have at least one entity on our side.

None of us got ill. We had a 6 yr old with us. She didn't complain one bit. I'm 100% sure I blacked out for the majority of it. No other explanation than paranormal.

Those sales assistants in shops have to be fucking avatars of the web or something the way they fucking smile and you until you've blinked and you've bought 3 lehengas and she's like very good ma'am

I met my grandma's sister who looks exactly like my grandma, speaks the exact same way, acts the exact same way. It was so uncanny I could've sworn she just was her. Probably very normal explanation (genetics) but we can never be sure.

I made friends with a hand sized spider in a bathroom by singing "Mr spider, please don't kill me" in the tune of Mr sandman to it every day. It disappeared on the last day. (giving spiral)

I got myself an Indian accent. I am not Indian. (Most of my family is from Bangladesh, I was born there) I am not good at accents. I'm not sure how this transpired (could be some elaborate sociolinguistics explanation but I'm gonna go with paranormal)

We went on a massive family day out with cousins to a river near the mountains and we all had a great time until this little menace of a cousin literally got carried away by a current and we were terrified until one of my uncles literally grabbed him by the leg and yanked him out right before he would've gotten completely carried away. I don't think that's pure luck, personally.

My aunts staged an intervention for me about my posture (Not supernatural, Im just salty)

My dad successfully convinced some strangers who sat next to him on the plane that the reason me and my siblings spoke such good English was that we went to an English medium school. When pressed, he came up with the most elaborate story ever. He gave them a random school we went to, told them we were his boss' kids and he was taking us home, bullshitted a company and then when one of them went oh my dad is a higher up in that company, he says oh didn't he retire recently and the guy goes yeah he did! We are completely oblivious of this story, until he leans over and tells us not to call him dad for the rest of the plane journey. If that's not fucking Stranger behaviour then what is.

We get home, exhausted out of our minds and we realise we can't find our fucking front door key. We pile into the back garden and proceed to search through the entirety of our bags, trouser pockets, pockets within bags, we're all on the verge of tears, I'm catatonic, my little sister has picked up a stick and is slowly peeling it, my other sister is the only one actually looking and my dad is staring at the luggage, as if it had grown legs and was doing a little dance right before his eyes. We do find the keys after 20 minutes. We never mention this again. That's fucking paranormal shit right there don't even try to convince me otherwise. Michael the distortion was fucking with us.

Statement ends... (Although that's definitely not even half the shit that happened)

Watch Jonathan "Jarchivist" Sims crumble beneath my experiences. Hes so bamboozled that he forgets to try and discredit me. I bring him a packet of laddoos and some aachar.

#tma #the magnus archives #jonathan sims #jarchivist #rambles #statement begins #statement ends #indian jonathan sims #it wasnt scary per se #but it would be one of those statements you come out of afterwards like what the fuck #what the fuck just happened

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mariacallous · 1 year ago

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The world is embarking on a critical year for the future of democracy. Elections in India, Indonesia, South Africa, and the United States—to name just a few prominent countries headed to the polls in 2024—would normally be routine affairs. But many of these democracies are at an inflection point. Can the strengthening tides of polarization, institutional degradation, and authoritarianism be reversed? Or will democracy reach a breaking point?

Every democracy has its own particular set of characteristics. In each country holding elections this year, voters will judge incumbent governments on familiar issues such as inflation, employment, personal security, and a sense of confidence about their future prospects. But the foreboding that accompanies the world’s elections in 2024 stems from one singular fact: The uneasy accommodation between nationalism and democracy is coming under severe stress.

The crisis in democracy is in part a crisis in nationalism, which today seems to revolve around four issues: how nations define membership; how they popularize a version of historical memory; how they locate a sovereign identity; and how they contend with the forces of globalization. In each of these, nationalism and liberalism are often in tension. Democracies tend to navigate this tension rather than resolve it. Yet, around the world, nationalism is slowly strangling liberalism—a trend that could accelerate in a damaging way this year. As more citizens cast their ballots in 2024 than in any other year in the history of the world, they will be voting not only for a particular leader or party but for the very future of their civil liberties.

Let’s first discuss how societies set parameters for membership. If a political community is sovereign, it has a right to make decisions on whom to exclude from or include in membership. Liberal democracies have historically opted for a variety of criteria for membership. Some have privileged ethnic and cultural factors, while others have picked civic criteria that merely demand allegiance to a common set of constitutional values.

In practice, a range of considerations have guided the immigration policies of liberal democracies, including the economic advantages of immigration, historical ties to particular groups of people, and humanitarian considerations. Most liberal societies have dealt with the membership question not on a principled basis but through various arrangements, some more open than others.

The question of membership is increasing in political salience. The causes may vary. In the United States, a surge of migrants at the southern border has politically foregrounded the issue, forcing even the Biden administration to reverse some of its promised liberal policies. To be sure, immigration has always been an important political issue in the United States. But since the political arrival of Donald Trump, it has acquired a new edge. Trump’s so-called Muslim ban—even though it was eventually repealed—raised the specter of new forms of overt or covert discrimination forming the basis of a possible future U.S. immigration regime.

Europe’s refugee crisis—induced by global conflicts and economic and climate distress—is inflecting the politics of every country. Sweden has grown deep concerns about its model of integrating immigrants, ushering in a right-wing government in 2022. In the United Kingdom, Brexit hinged in part on concerns over immigration. And in India, the government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi will implement the 2019 Citizenship Amendment Act, which excludes Muslim refugees from certain neighboring countries from a pathway to seeking citizenship. For New Delhi, membership concerns are driven by the need to prioritize a large ethnic majority. Similarly, the status of migrants in South Africa is being increasingly contested.

The increasing salience of membership is worrying for the future of liberalism. Since liberal values have historically been compatible with a variety of immigration and membership regimes, a liberal membership regime may not be a necessary condition for creating a liberal society. One could argue that not having a well-controlled membership policy is more likely to undermine liberalism by upsetting the social cohesion on which liberalism relies. But it is a remarkable fact that many of the world’s political leaders who endorse closed or discriminatory membership regimes, from Hungary’s Viktor Orban to the Netherlands’s Geert Wilders, also happen to oppose liberal values. That makes it harder to create a distinction between being anti-immigration and anti-liberal.

The second dimension of nationalism is the contest over historical memory. All nations need something of a usable past—a story that binds its peoples together—that can be the basis of a collective identity and self-esteem. The distinction between history and memory can be overdrawn, but it is important. As the French historian Pierre Nora put it, memory looks for facts, especially ones that suit the veneration of the main object of recollection. Memory has an affective quality: It is supposed to move you and constitute your identity. It draws the boundaries of communities. History is more detached; the facts will always complicate both identity and community.

History is not a morality tale as much as it is a very difficult form of hard-won knowledge, always aware of its selectivity.

Memory is easiest to hold on to as a morality tale. It is not just about the past. Memory is a kind of eternal truth about one’s collective identity, to keep and carry forward.

Memories are increasingly being emphasized in the political arena. In India, to take the most obvious case, historical memory is central to the consolidation of Hindu nationalism. In January, Modi will open a temple to the god Ram in Ayodhya, built on the site where Hindu nationalists demolished a mosque in 1992. It is an important religious symbol. But it is also central to the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party’s narrative that the most salient historical memory for Indians should not be colonial rule by the British but a thousand-year history of subjugation by Islam. Modi declared Aug. 5, the day the foundation stone of the temple was laid in 2020, as being as important a national milestone as Aug. 15, the day of India’s independence from the British in 1947.

In South Africa, questions of memory may seem less pronounced. But the compromise of the Nelson Mandela years, which some now see as sacrificing economic justice for the cause of social solidarity, is increasingly being interrogated. Faced with continuing inequality, economic worries, and declining social mobility, many South Africans are questioning the legacy of Mandela and whether he did enough to empower Black people in the country. This reflects some disillusionment with the ruling African National Congress. But this reconsideration could also potentially redefine the memory in terms of which modern South Africa has understood itself.

In the United States, the contest over how to tell the national story goes back to the Founding Fathers. But debates around this are more politically visible than ever, with politicians from Trump to Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis basing their candidacies in part on what it means to be American and how to “make America great again.” Florida, for example, created dubious standards for the teaching of Black history, seeking to regulate what students learn about race and slavery. This is not just a contest over the politics of pedagogy; behind it is a larger, anxious political debate about how the United States remembers its past—and therefore how it will build its future.

The third dimension in the surge of nationalism is the contest over popular sovereignty, or the will of the people. There has always been a close connection between popular sovereignty and nationalism, as the former required the formation of the concept of a people with a distinct identity and special solidarity toward one another. During the French Revolution, inspired by the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the popular sovereign was supposed to have a singular will. But if the will of the people is unitary, what explains differences? Furthermore, if there are differences among people, as there naturally are, then how is one to ascertain the will of the people? One way out of this puzzle is to see who can effectively perform the will of the able—and in doing so represent the other side as betraying that will, rather than as merely carrying an alternative interpretation of it. In order for such a performance to take place, one has to castigate anyone who represents an alternative viewpoint as an enemy of the people. In that sense, rhetorical invocations of “the people”—understood as a unitary entity—always run the risk of being anti-pluralist. Even when democracies around the world have embraced a pluralist and representative conception of democracy, there is a residual trace of unity that gets transposed to the nation. The nation is not a nation, or cannot acquire a will, unless it is united.

People rally around a unitary will by benchmarking their national identity: We are Indian by virtue of X or American by virtue of Y. Sometimes, this kind of benchmarking of identity can be quite productive; it is a reminder to citizens of what gives their particular community a distinct identity. Yet one of nationalism’s features is that it struggles to make room for its own contestation. The opposition is delegitimized or stigmatized not because it has a different point of view on policy matters but because its views are represented as anti-national. It is not an accident that the rhetoric of national populists is often directed against forces that are seen to challenge their version of the national identity or their benchmarking of nationalism. As national identities become more contested, there are increasing chances that unity can be achieved only by being imposed.

As a political style, national populism thrives not so much by finding enemies of the people but enemies of the nation, who are often measured by certain taboos. Almost all modern populists—from Turkey’s Recep Tayyip Erdogan to Modi, Orban, and Trump—draw the distinction between people and elites not in terms of class but in terms of who authentically represents the nation. Who gets benchmarked as the true nationalist? The cultural contempt for the elite gets its strength not just from the fact that they are elites but that they can be represented as elites who are no longer part of the nation, as it were. This kind of rhetoric increasingly sees difference as seditious rather than merely a disagreement. In India, for example, national security charges are deployed against students who question the government’s stance on Kashmir. This is seen not just as a contestation—or possibly a misguided view—but an anti-national act than needs to be criminalized.

The fourth dimension of the crisis of nationalism relates to globalization. Even in the era of hyperglobalization, national interest never faded away. Countries embraced globalization or greater integration into the world economy because they thought it served their interests. But a critical question in this year’s elections in all democracies is a reconsideration of the terms on which they engage the international system.

Globalization created winners but also losers. The loss of manufacturing jobs in the United States or premature de-industrialization in India was bound to prompt a reconsideration of globalization—and all of this was happening even before the COVID-19 pandemic, which accentuated a fear of dependency on global supply chains.

Countries are increasingly convinced that the assertion of political control over the economy—their ability to create a legitimate social contract—requires rethinking the terms of globalization. The trend is to feel more skeptical about globalization and to seek out greater self-sufficiency for national security or economic reasons. “America First” and “India First” are to a certain extent understandable, particularly in a context where China has emerged as an authoritarian competitor.

But the current moment seems like a much larger pivot in the politics of nationalism. Globalization, while seeking to advance national interests, also mitigated nationalism. It presented the global order as something other than a zero-sum game in which all countries could mutually benefit by greater integration. It was not suspicious of cosmopolitan solidarity. Increasingly, democracies are abandoning this assumption, with profound consequences for the world. Less globalization and more protectionism will inevitably translate to more nationalism—a trend that will also hurt global trade, especially for smaller countries that need the rising tide of open borders and commerce.

Each of the four features of nationalism described here—membership, memory, sovereign identity, and openness to the world—has shadowed democracy since its inception. All democracies are also facing their own profound economic challenges: inequality and wage stagnation in the United States, the crisis of employment in India, and corruption in South Africa. There is no necessary binary between economic issues and the politics of nationalism. Successful nationalist politicians such as Modi see their economic success as a means of consolidating their nationalist visions. And in times of stress, nationalism is the language through which grievance can be articulated. It is the means by which politicians give a sense of belonging and participation to the people.

Nationalism is the most potent form of identity politics. It views individuals and the rights they have through the prism of the compulsory identity to which nationalism confines them. Nationalism and liberalism have long been competing forces. It is easier to navigate the tension between them if the stakes around nationalism are lowered, not raised. Yet it is increasingly likely that in many elections in 2024, the nature of the national identities of these countries will be at stake along the four dimensions listed above. These contests could invigorate democracy. But if the recent past is any guide, the salience of nationalism in politics is more likely to pose a threat to liberal values.

Advancing forms of nationalism that do not allow their own meaning to be contested or that seek to preserve the privilege of particular groups generally produces a more divisive and polarized society. India, Israel, France, and the United States each face a version of this challenge. Issues of memory and membership are the least amenable to being resolved by simple policy deliberation. The truths they trade on are not about facts that could be a basis for a common ground. It is notorious, for example, that we often choose our histories because of our identity rather than the other way around.

Perhaps most importantly, assaults on liberal freedoms are often justified in the name of nationalism. For example, freedom of expression is most likely to discover its limits if it is seen to target a deeply cherished national myth. Every emerging populist or authoritarian leader who is willing to abridge civil liberties or pay short shrift to institutional integrity wears the mantle of nationalism. It allows such leaders to crack down on dissent by using the canard “anti-national.” In many ways, this year’s elections may well decide whether democracy can successfully negotiate the dilemmas of nationalism—or whether it will be degraded or crushed.

George L. Mosse, the great 20th-century historian of fascism, described this challenge in his inaugural lecture at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1979: “If we do not succeed in giving nationalism a human face, a future historian might write about our civilization what Edward Gibbon wrote about the fall of the Roman Empire: that at its height moderation prevailed and citizens had respect for each other’s beliefs, but that it fell through intolerant zeal and military despotism.”

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ukrainenews · 2 years ago

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Daily Wrap Up March 2, 2023

Under the cut:

Russian forces continue to press their offensive in the Bakhmut area as Ukrainian forces try to repel ongoing attacks near the key eastern town and nearby areas in the Donetsk region, the Ukrainian military’s General Staff said in an evening update on Thursday.

The US is announcing three new partnerships Thursday in an effort to boost Ukraine’s agricultural sector and help supply the country’s grain to the world

A network of at least 20 torture chambers in the recently liberated southern Ukrainian region of Kherson was "planned and directly financed by the Russian State," war crimes investigators said on Thursday, citing new evidence. The Mobile Justice Team, funded by Britain, the EU and the United States, has been working with Ukrainian war crimes prosecutors across Ukraine and in Kherson since it was reclaimed from Russian forces in November after more than eight months of occupation.

The US secretary of state, Antony Blinken, and Russia’s foreign minister, Sergei Lavrov, spoke for less than 10 minutes on the margins of the G20 meeting in New Delhi today, according to a US state department official. Blinken reiterated to Lavrov that Washington was prepared to support Ukraine’s defence for as long as it takes, the official said, in what is believed to be their first one-on-one conversation in person since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.

Russian attacks were reported in Donetsk, Kherson, Poltava, Kharkiv, Sumy, Mykolaiv, Chernihiv, Zaporizhzhia, Dnipropetrovsk, and Luhansk oblasts in the east, south, center, and north of Ukraine. According to local authorities, five people were killed, and 24 were wounded in the past 24 hours. Russia conducted an air strike on Zaporizhzhia overnight on March 2, heavily damaging a residential building, Acting Mayor of Zaporizhzhia Anatoly Kurtev wrote on Telegram.

“Russian forces continue to press their offensive in the Bakhmut area as Ukrainian forces try to repel ongoing attacks near the key eastern town and nearby areas in the Donetsk region, the Ukrainian military’s General Staff said in an evening update on Thursday.

“They are assaulting the town of Bakhmut,” the General Staff said, echoing an earlier update suggesting Russian presence within the city and not just on the outskirts. CNN reported earlier Thursday that an assessment by the Institute for the Study of War (ISW) also says Russian forces “advanced within Bakhmut and continued ground attacks around the city.”

Over the last 24 hours, Russian forces launched rocket attacks on the cities of Chasiv Yar in the Donetsk region, located just five kilometers (about three miles) west of Bakhmut, and Zaporizhzhia, the General Staff said.

“The threat of further missile strikes remains high throughout Ukraine,” the Ukrainian military said.

There were unsuccessful Russian offensive attempts in the Kupyansk and Lyman directions, it added.

In the Zaporizhzhia and Kherson directions, Russian forces continue “to try to create conditions for an offensive” and have fired artillery at more than 40 settlement areas, it said.

Ukraine also responded with 13 strikes over the past day in areas where Russia has personnel and military equipment, the General Staff said, adding that the missile and artillery units hit one Russian ammunition depot.”-via CNN

“The US is announcing three new partnerships Thursday in an effort to boost Ukraine’s agricultural sector and help supply the country’s grain to the world, USAID officials told CNN.

The announcement is part of a deliberate effort by the Biden administration to build up Ukraine’s economy and alleviate the global food security crisis which has been exacerbated following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

Ukraine is regarded as a key bread-basket for much of the world, and the country relies on agriculture to generates more than 40% of total export revenues. The country’s economy shrank by more than 30% in 2022 after Russia’s brutal invasion destroyed infrastructure, hurt businesses and disrupted daily life, according to Kyiv’s economic ministry.

USAID’s new partnerships with Grain Alliance, Kernel, and Nibulon are projected to increase Ukraine’s grain shipping capacity by more than 3 million tons annually, the officials said. Each company has a long history of working in Ukraine.

Working together USAID and these organizations are planning to invest $44 million to support storage and infrastructure expansion in Ukraine’s agriculture sector.

This comes after USAID has announced multiple different initiatives to support Ukraine’s agriculture sector, including programs to specifically target Ukrainian farmers.

A Black Sea Grain deal has also enabled the passage of Ukrainian ships carrying the agriculture products to depart the country, which was a challenge in the early days of the war with Russia preventing the ships from leaving.

The new investments that USAID and its partners are announcing this week will target multiple terminals — Izmail and Reni in Ukraine, both on the Danube, and Čierna nad Tisou in Slovakia— where they expect to see an increase in grain exports. The operations will involve construction to renovate the areas where vessels are loaded.”-via CNN

WARNING: Discussion and description of torture.

“A network of at least 20 torture chambers in the recently liberated southern Ukrainian region of Kherson was "planned and directly financed by the Russian State," war crimes investigators said on Thursday, citing new evidence.

The Mobile Justice Team, funded by Britain, the EU and the United States, has been working with Ukrainian war crimes prosecutors across Ukraine and in Kherson since it was reclaimed from Russian forces in November after more than eight months of occupation.

The Kremlin press office did not respond to a request for comment.

Reuters reported on the scale of torture chambers in Kherson in January, when Ukrainian authorities said around 200 people had allegedly been tortured at 10 locations. Survivors told Reuters about being tortured, including electric shocks and suffocation techniques.

Moscow, which has said it is conducting a "special military operation" in Ukraine, has denied committing war crimes or targeting civilians.

The mobile team, established in May 2022 by the Global Rights Compliance humanitarian law firm and backed by international experts, is supporting Ukraine's Office of the Prosecutor General as it reviews more than 71,000 reports of war crimes nationwide since the Feb. 24, 2022, invasion.

"New evidence collected from recently liberated Kherson reveals torture chambers were planned and directly financed by the Russian State," the team, established by British attorney Wayne Jordash, said in a statement.

Witnesses described the use of electric shock torture and waterboarding by Russian forces. At least 1,000 torture chamber survivors have submitted evidence to investigators and more than 400 people had been reported as missing from Kherson, it said.

Funding a network of torture facilities was part of a Russian state plan to "subjugate, re-educate or kill Ukrainian civic leaders and ordinary dissenters," the team said.

Torture centres were operated by different Russian security agencies, including the Russian Federal Security Services (FSB), local Kherson FSB and the Russian Prison Service, it said.

Reuters was unable to verify the allegations.

An investigation is also underway by the International Criminal Court, part of a both domestic and international efforts to hold those responsible for war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide across Ukraine to account.”-via Reuters

Here’s an article from CNN as well, with first hand accounts from people who were captured and put in the torture chambers.

“The US secretary of state, Antony Blinken, and Russia’s foreign minister, Sergei Lavrov, spoke for less than 10 minutes on the margins of the G20 meeting in New Delhi today, according to a US state department official.

Blinken reiterated to Lavrov that Washington was prepared to support Ukraine’s defence for as long as it takes, the official said, in what is believed to be their first one-on-one conversation in person since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.

Blinken also called for Moscow to reverse its decision to suspend participation in the New Start nuclear treaty and to release detained US citizen, Paul Whelan.

The official said:

The secretary saw the purpose of this was to deliver these three direct messages, which we see as advancing our interests.

We always remain hopeful that the Russians will reverse their decision and be prepared to engage in a diplomatic process that can lead to a just and durable peace, but I wouldn’t say that coming out of this encounter there was any expectation that things will change in the near term.

Lavrov did not mention the meeting during a news conference he gave after Thursday’s G20 foreign ministers’ meeting.

Russia’s foreign ministry spokesperson, Maria Zakharova, confirmed the meeting took place, telling CNN:

“Blinken asked for contact with Lavrov. On the go, as part of the second session of the [G20], Sergey Viktorovich [Lavrov] talked. There were no negotiations, meetings, etc.”-via The Guardian

“Russian attacks were reported in Donetsk, Kherson, Poltava, Kharkiv, Sumy, Mykolaiv, Chernihiv, Zaporizhzhia, Dnipropetrovsk, and Luhansk oblasts in the east, south, center, and north of Ukraine.

According to local authorities, five people were killed, and 24 were wounded in the past 24 hours.

Russia conducted an air strike on Zaporizhzhia overnight on March 2, heavily damaging a residential building, Acting Mayor of Zaporizhzhia Anatoly Kurtev wrote on Telegram.

Four people were killed in the attack, and at least eight were injured, according to Prosecutor General's Office. The rescue operation is still ongoing.

Zaporizhzhia regional state administration reported that civilian infrastructure in 14 settlements in Zaporizhzhia Oblast was under Russian fire. Local authorities received 27 reports about damage to citizens' households and infrastructure sites due to Russian attacks.

Russian attacks killed one civilian in Bakhmut and injured five more in Donetsk Oblast, said Governor Pavlo Kyrylenko.

Russia hit 18 settlements and two communities in the region, damaging houses, an administrative building, a shop, and a church, according to Kyrylenko.

Russian troops fired almost 500 projectiles on Kherson Oblast using multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS), mortars, tanks, drones, and artillery, according to Kherson Oblast Military Administration.

The attacks wounded 11 civilians in the region, including a 1-year-old child, and damaged houses and apartment buildings in the city of Kherson, the administration wrote.

A Russian missile strike hit civilian areas, including critical infrastructure, in the city of Kremenchuk, Ukraine's central Poltava Oblast, on March 1, the oblast governor Dmytro Lunin reported. There were no casualties, he confirmed later.

Russian troops hit more than seven settlements in Kharkiv Oblast with artillery, MLRS, mortars, and drones, said Oleh Syniehubov, the oblast governor. The attacks damaged houses, outbuildings, and an administrative building, but there were no casualties.

In Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Russian forces attacked the communities of Nikopol and Chervonohryhorivka overnight, damaging power lines, private enterprises, eight high-rises, a few shops, and other infrastructure. No casualties were reported, according to Governor Serhii Lysak.

Russian troops shelled the Kutsurub community on the Black Sea coast in Mykolaiv Oblast with MLRS on March 1, said Vitalii Kim, the oblast governor. No casualties were reported.

Overnight and earlier on March 1, Russian troops used artillery and mortars to strike nine communities in Sumy Oblast bordering Russia, the regional military administration reported. The attacks damaged a residential building and a power line, according to the administration.

Russia struck eight settlements in Luhansk Oblast with artillery over the past 24 hours, the regional state administration wrote. It didn't provide information on casualties or damage.

In Chernihiv Oblast, Russian troops hit the settlements of Yeline and Berylivka close to the Russsia-Ukraine border, according to the General Staff of Ukraine's Armed Forces. It didn't provide information on casualties or damage.”-via Kyiv Independent

#Daily Update #Ukraine #Russia #War in Ukraine #Bakhmut #Dnipropetrovsk #US #Kherson

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rishikul-123 · 1 year ago

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Top boarding schools near Delhi

Top Boarding Schools Near Delhi and Why Rishikul Vidyapeeth Shines Choosing the right boarding school for your child is a momentous decision. It's about entrusting their education and well-being to a nurturing environment that fosters academic excellence, personal growth, and a lifelong love of learning. If you're searching for top boarding schools near Delhi, your quest might just lead you to the idyllic haven of Rishikul Vidyapeeth. Nestled amidst the vibrant tapestry of Delhi NCR, Rishikul Vidyapeeth stands tall as a beacon of holistic education. Founded in 1930 with a noble vision of value-based learning, the school has blossomed into a premier institution, consistently ranking among the top boarding schools in the region. But what makes Rishikul Vidyapeeth truly special? Here are just a few reasons why it deserves a place at the top of your list:

An Unwavering Commitment to Academic Excellence: Rishikul Vidyapeeth boasts a rigorous academic curriculum that goes beyond rote memorization. The school's dedicated faculty, passionate about their subjects, employ innovative teaching methods that ignite curiosity, nurture critical thinking, and empower students to become independent learners. Stellar academic results and a consistent track record of high achievers in prestigious universities are testaments to the school's commitment to academic rigor.

Holistic Development: Nurturing Minds, Bodies, and Souls: At Rishikul Vidyapeeth, education extends far beyond the confines of textbooks. The school recognizes the importance of holistic development, offering a plethora of co-curricular activities and sports that cater to diverse interests and talents. From music and dance to sports and adventure clubs, students have the opportunity to explore their passions, hone their skills, and build self-confidence. Moreover, the school's emphasis on value education instills strong moral principles and ethical grounding, shaping well-rounded individuals who are not only academically strong but also responsible citizens of the world.

A State-of-the-Art Infrastructure: Rishikul Vidyapeeth provides its students with a modern and stimulating learning environment. Spacious classrooms equipped with cutting-edge technology, well-stocked libraries, and advanced science labs foster a spirit of inquiry and hands-on learning. Lush green playing fields, indoor and outdoor sporting facilities, and dedicated spaces for creative pursuits like art and music studios complete the picture, ensuring that every student's needs are met.

A Nurturing and Supportive Community: Rishikul Vidyapeeth fosters a warm and inclusive community where students feel valued and supported. Small class sizes allow for personalized attention and guidance from experienced teachers who act as mentors and role models. The school's diverse student body exposes children to different cultures and perspectives, promoting tolerance, empathy, and a sense of global citizenship.

A Legacy of Excellence: With over 90 years of experience in shaping young minds, Rishikul Vidyapeeth has a proven track record of success. Its alumni network boasts of accomplished individuals who have excelled in various fields, making significant contributions to society. This rich legacy speaks volumes about the school's dedication to its students and its unwavering commitment to providing them with the tools and experiences needed to thrive in a competitive world. Choosing the right boarding school is a deeply personal decision, and every child's needs are unique. However, if you're seeking a top-notch boarding school near Delhi that offers an exceptional academic program, fosters holistic development, and provides a nurturing and supportive environment, Rishikul Vidyapeeth deserves your earnest consideration. Ready to embark on a journey of learning and growth for your child?

Visit the Rishikul Vidyapeeth website or schedule a campus visit to experience firsthand the magic of this remarkable school. Remember, choosing the right school is an investment in your child's future. Choose wisely, and choose Rishikul Vidyapeeth. We hope this blog has been informative and helpful in your search for the perfect boarding school near Delhi. Rishikul Vidyapeeth, with its unwavering commitment to excellence, might just be the ideal haven for your child to unlock their full potential and embark on a journey of lifelong success. Do you have any questions about Rishikul Vidyapeeth or the top boarding schools near Delhi? Feel free to leave a comment below, and we'll be happy to help.

#day boarding schools in india #best primary school in delhi ncr #boys residential school #girls boarding schools

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livewiresthemediainstitute123 · 1 year ago

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Best Acting Institute in Delhi

Livewires The Media Institute provides Best Acting Course an Extensive Selection of Educational workshops, Seminars, and Training for both the adult young performer. Instruction for motion pictures, Television, Radio, Theatre, Commercials, Industrial , print, and variety Entertainment. Livewires Provides Highly Trained Faculties for Acting, Script Writing, Direction, and Film Making.The Result of Which is Well Known is The Industry as Livewires is The first Choice of All Production Houses in The Industry. The Hardwork and Dedication Through Which The Student are Motivated, is Self Speaks About The placements of Livewires Some of Our Students Who Have Performed at Different Platforms viz, are Feature Films, Webseries, Documentries, TV Serials Advertising Films, and other places are Listed Below

CLICK NOW:-https://act.livewiresdelhi.com/

#:-#Gkftii #tseries #moonlightstudio #aaft #balajiacademy #krishnaactingacademy #nationalschoolofdarama #rkfilms #barryjhnactingstudio #shriramcentre #bharatiyavidyabhavan

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medical-education-career · 2 years ago

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What is the process of counselling for the NEET PG?

The NEET PG is a common entrance exam for medical post-graduation admission in India. The admission counselling is conducted for MD/ MS/ DNB courses for around 65,000 seats in different clinical, para-clinical and non-clinical seats after MBBS. Every year around 1.6 - 1.7 lakh (160k - 170k) MBBS graduates appear for the NEET PG examination. The exam is soon going to be replaced with the NExT examination from 2024 onwards (as per the recent announcement by the National Medical Commission).

The NEET PG admission counselling is conducted by two types of government agencies: Medical Counselling Committee (MCC) and State Medical Counselling Authority (as defined by the respected state government).

What is Medical Counselling Committee (MCC)?

The MCC is a central government agency which conducts medical pg admissions on MD/ MS/ DNB seats across India. The students need to register online through its official website, www.mcc.nic.in. The MCC is governed by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India.

What type of PG Seats are included in MCC PG Counselling? What seat distribution is in MCC PG?

100% All India Quota (AIQ)

100% DNB Quota (NBES Degree & Diploma) seats

100% Management/ Paid Quota (Deemed University) seats

100% Non-Resident Indian (NRI) Quota (Deemed University)

AMU (Aligarh Muslim University) Quota

BHU (Banaras Hindu University) Quota

DU (Delhi University) Quota

IP (Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University) Quota

What is included in MCC PG AIQ Quota?

50% seats of State Government Medical Colleges across India

50% seats of BHU (Banaras Hindu University)

50% seats of AMU (Aligarh Muslim University)

50% seats of Delhi University (DU), Central Institutes, IP University

What seat reservation is in NEET PG AIQ Quota?

15% Schedule Caste (SC)

7.5% Schedule Tribe (ST)

27% OBC- (Non-Creamy Layer) as per the Central OBC list

10% Economic Weaker Section (EWS)

5% Physical Handicap (PwD): 21 Benchmark Disabilities under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016

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What are MCC PG Counselling Rules?

MCC announce the SCHEDULE for different rounds, choice filling deadlines, Institute reporting deadlines

MCC conduct 4 ROUNDS of allotment

Pattern: After every MCC-PG allotment round, the consequent schedule of the State Counselling round

Only Round-1 has allowed candidates for FREE EXIT.

Round-2 onwards NO FREE EXIT: If do not join the allotted seat, the Registration Fee will be forfeited

Candidate Can not hold 2 seats at a time: MCC & State Counselling

Opting Upgradation: Your existing Reported Seat will be as allotted if you do not get a new seat in the Next round.

Allotment Letter: After each allotment round, if you have been allotted any seat, you can download this letter from your MCC-PG Online Account.

Admission Letter: After allotment, you need to go to the allotted institute for Document Verification then only your seat admission has been confirmed & will be issued an Admission Letter.

NOTE: The above details are as per MCC PG Information Bulletin 2022.

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What are different State PG Medical Counselling Committees?

GUJARAT: Admission Committee for Professional Post-Graduate Medical Courses (ACPPGMEC)

MAHARASHTRA: Directorate of Medical Education & Research, Maharashtra

RAJASTHAN: Rajasthan Medical PG Counselling Committee 2022

KERALA: Commissioner for Entrance Examination (CEE), Govt. of Kerala

TELANGANA: Kaloji Narayana Rao University of Health Sciences (KNRUHS)

ANDHRA PRADESH: NTRUHS Medical PG Admission committee

TAMIL NADU: Directorate of Medical Education, Govt. of Tamilnadu

DELHI: Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi

BIHAR: Bihar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination Board (BCECEB)

UTTAR PRADESH: Directorate of Medical Education and Training, Govt. of Uttar Pradesh

WEST BENGAL: West Bengal Medical Counselling Committee (WBMCC)

MADHYA PRADESH: Department of Medical Education, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh

KARNATAKA: Karnataka Examination Authority (KEA)

PUNJAB: Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot

HARYANA: Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak

HIMACHAL PRADESH: Directorate of Medical Education & Research, Simla, Govt. of HP

JHARKHAND: Jharkhand Combined Entrance Competitive Examination Board (JCECEB)

ODISHA: Directorate of Medical Education & Training, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha

CHHATTISGARH: Directorate of Medical Education, Raipur, Chhattisgarh

UTTARAKHAND: Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Medical University

PUDUCHERRY: Department of Higher and Technical Education, Govt. of Puducherry

JAMMU & KASHMIR: Jammu & Kashmir Board of Professional Entrance Examination

ASSAM: Directorate of Medical Education, Assam

TRIPURA: Directorate of Medical Education, Govt. of Tripura

MANIPUR: Manipur Health Directorate, Govt. of Manipur

SIKKIM: Education Department, Govt. of Sikkim

NAGALAND: Department of Technical Education, Nagaland

MIZORAM: Department of Higher and Technical Education, Mizoram

ARUNACHAL PRADESH: Directorate of Higher & Technical Education, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh

If I can’t secure my admission for residency then what other options I can go for?

If you fail to secure a seat for your residency and still wish to go for a clinical practice then you can go for a fellowship. Fellowship provides you an opportunity to practice in your choice of options without going for NEET PG entrance exam. You can find the list of all the available fellowships here.

FAQs

How do I proceed with NEET PG Counselling? The NEET PG is conducted by The National Board of Examination (NBE), you need to register yourself along with all the required details to proceed with NEET PG counselling.

How many Counselling rounds are there in NEET PG? In total there are 4 rounds of NEET PG counselling.

What happens in the NEET Counselling process? The Medical Counselling Committee (MCC) and The State Medical Counselling Authority (as defined by the respected state government) provide admissions to the candidates based on their merit, choice filling, quota etc.

What happens in PG Counselling? During PG Counselling medical students try to secure their admission for residency, there are in total 4 rounds and multiple factors decide if you can secure your admission.

What happens when you get Counselling? Depending on what stage you are during your counselling you can decide your step ahead, if you have already secured your admission in the first round then you need to proceed with the medical institute for your document verification and admission process, if you’ve not secured a seat after first round then you need to follow the upcoming rounds and make choices accordingly.

#neetcounselling #neet #mbbs #medicalcounselling #neetpgcounselling #docthub

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crazynewsindia · 2 years ago

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2023 CM press on for early Forest approvals

SHIMLA 27th February, 2023 Discusses State's issues with Union E&F Minister Chief Minister, Thakur Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu in a meeting with Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Bhupender Yadav in New Delhi today advocated for early forest clearances for escalating various ongoing development projects in Himachal Pradesh. Sh. Sukhu urged the Union Minister to ensure early forest approvals in a time bound manner for construction of heliports, green corridors as mandated by the State Government for making Himachal as 'Green Energy State' by the year 2025 and other major ongoing projects. The tough geological conditions of Himachal Pradesh, necessitate to construct heliports, not only to facilitate the tourists visiting the State, but also cater to the emergency needs during natural calamities or otherwise. A decision should be taken without delay regarding the necessary forest clearances pending for the construction of the heliports, he urged the Union Minister. The state government is promoting e-vehicles in Himachal Pradesh and developing necessary infrastructure for the same by constructing adequate number of e-charging stations for electrical vehicles. Besides, green corridors would also be constructed on both sides of all National and state highways in the state. In order to speed up the process, various approvals regarding forest land should be accorded in time to achieve the target, said the Chief Minister. Delay in forest clearances creates unnecessary delay in the construction of development projects, especially educational institutions, roads and bridges and ropeways etc. He urged that these approvals should be given as soon as possible. The Chief Minister advocated that the State forest officers of the state should work in unison with the central level forest officers and should take up the cases pending with the Ministry so that approvals can be received in time. Detailed discussions were also held regarding the state's water reservoirs, wild life sanctuaries and eco-tourism guidelines and other important topics including Parivesh Portal, National Transit Pass System, School Nursery Scheme, City Forest Scheme, Davanal (Forest fires) during the summer season in the state. The Chief Minister invited Union Forest, Environment and Climate Change Minister Bhupender Yadav to visit Himachal. The Union Minister assured all possible help to the state. Central Forest Secretary, Leena Nandan, other senior officers of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Political Advisor to Chief Minister Sunil Sharma, Principal Resident Commissioner, Sushil Kumar Singla, Resident Commissioner, Meera Mohanty, Principal Chief Conservator of Forests V.K. Tiwari, Chief Conservator Wildlife, Rajeev Kumar, Nodal Officer for Forest Conservation Act, Harshvardhan Kathuria and other senior officers were present in the meeting. Read the full article

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alishajoy059 · 7 hours ago

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Quick & Easy Company Registration in Gurgaon – Get Started Now

Gurgaon, now officially known as Gurugram, is a thriving business hub in India. Its proximity to Delhi, coupled with a vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystem, makes it a popular destination for startups and established companies alike. Whether you're planning to launch a tech startup, a consultancy, or any other business, company registration in Gurgaon is a straightforward process if done right. This guide walks you through the essentials of registering a company in Gurgaon quickly and easily.

Why Gurgaon?

Gurgaon is more than just a corporate city; it's a land of opportunities. With its state-of-the-art infrastructure, numerous coworking spaces, and a robust support system for businesses, the city is an ideal location for entrepreneurs. Key benefits include:

Access to Talent: Gurgaon is home to numerous prestigious educational institutions and a large pool of skilled professionals.

Proximity to the Capital: Being close to Delhi ensures seamless connectivity, making it easier to network and collaborate.

Supportive Ecosystem: Gurgaon boasts incubators, accelerators, and networking platforms that help businesses thrive.

Favorable Policies: Haryana’s government offers several incentives and schemes for startups and new businesses.

Types of Companies You Can Register

Depending on your business needs, you can register various types of entities in Gurgaon. These include:

Private Limited Company: Ideal for startups and small businesses, it offers limited liability and easy access to funding.

Public Limited Company: Suitable for large-scale businesses that aim to raise capital from the public.

Limited Liability Partnership (LLP): Combines the benefits of a partnership and a company.

One Person Company (OPC): Perfect for solo entrepreneurs looking for limited liability.

Sole Proprietorship: Best for small-scale businesses with a single owner.

Partnership Firm: Ideal for businesses with two or more partners sharing profits and liabilities.

Steps to Register a Company in Gurgaon

Follow these simple steps to ensure a quick and hassle-free company registration process:

Step 1: Choose a Business Structure

Selecting the right business structure is crucial. Consider factors like liability, taxation, funding, and operational flexibility before making a decision.

Step 2: Obtain a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)

A DSC is mandatory for filing electronic forms on the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) portal. You can obtain it from authorized agencies.

Step 3: Reserve Your Company Name

Check the availability of your desired company name on the MCA portal. Ensure it aligns with the naming guidelines prescribed under the Companies Act, 2013.

Step 4: File the Incorporation Documents

Submit the required forms, such as SPICe+ (Simplified Proforma for Incorporating a Company Electronically Plus), along with necessary documents, including:

Memorandum of Association (MOA)

Articles of Association (AOA)

Proof of registered office address

ID and address proof of directors and shareholders

Step 5: Obtain a Certificate of Incorporation (COI)

Once the MCA approves your application, you’ll receive a Certificate of Incorporation. This document confirms the legal existence of your company.

Step 6: Apply for PAN and TAN

Permanent Account Number (PAN) and Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number (TAN) are essential for tax compliance. These are usually issued along with the incorporation certificate.

Step 7: Register for GST

If your turnover exceeds the threshold limit or you plan to conduct inter-state business, GST registration is mandatory.

Step 8: Open a Bank Account

Set up a current account in your company’s name for business transactions. Most banks require the COI, PAN, and other documents for account opening.

Documents Required for Company Registration

To ensure a smooth process, keep the following documents ready:

For Directors and Shareholders:

PAN card

Aadhar card or passport

Passport-sized photographs

Proof of address (bank statement, utility bill, etc.)

For Registered Office:

Utility bill (electricity, water, or gas bill)

Rent agreement (if the office is rented)

No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the property owner

Benefits of Registering a Company in Gurgaon

Legal Recognition: A registered company enjoys legal status, enhancing credibility among customers and investors.

Limited Liability: Protects the personal assets of shareholders in case of financial distress.

Tax Benefits: Registered entities can avail various tax exemptions and benefits under government schemes.

Ease of Raising Capital: Banks, investors, and financial institutions prefer dealing with registered entities.

Perpetual Succession: The company’s existence isn’t affected by the death or departure of its members.

Common Challenges and How to Overcome Them

While the process is straightforward, some common challenges include:

Name Approval Issues: Ensure your proposed name is unique and complies with MCA guidelines.

Incomplete Documentation: Double-check all documents to avoid delays.

Technical Glitches: Use a reliable internet connection and seek professional help if needed.

Regulatory Changes: Stay updated on the latest rules and regulations to ensure compliance.

Why Seek Professional Help?

Company registration involves intricate legal and procedural steps. Hiring experts can save time, ensure accuracy, and help you focus on your core business activities. Professional consultants provide end-to-end assistance, from documentation to post-incorporation compliance.

Post-Incorporation Compliance

Registering your company is just the beginning. Ensure you adhere to the following compliance requirements:

Annual Filing: File annual returns and financial statements with the MCA.

Income Tax Filing: File income tax returns annually.

GST Returns: File monthly or quarterly GST returns as applicable.

Board Meetings: Conduct regular board meetings and maintain minutes.

Statutory Audit: Get your accounts audited by a qualified Chartered Accountant.

Why Choose Gurgaon for Your Business?

Gurgaon offers an unbeatable combination of location, infrastructure, and opportunities. From startups to multinational corporations, the city caters to diverse business needs. By registering your company in Gurgaon, you position yourself in a dynamic and growth-oriented environment.

Conclusion

Company registration in Gurgaon is a straightforward process if approached systematically. By choosing the right business structure, ensuring proper documentation, and staying compliant, you can establish your business efficiently. Whether you’re a first-time entrepreneur or an experienced businessperson, Gurgaon’s vibrant ecosystem provides the perfect platform for growth.

For professional assistance with company registration in Gurgaon, reach out to CompaniesNext for expert guidance and support. Start your entrepreneurial journey today in one of India’s most dynamic business hubs!

#Company registration

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garudairambulanceservices · 1 day ago

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news365timesindia · 1 day ago

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[ad_1] GG News Bureau New Delhi, 10th Jan. As the Delhi Assembly elections approach, AAP convenor and former Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal accused the BJP-led Central government on Thursday of failing to fulfill its promises to provide OBC reservation to Delhi’s Jat community. Addressing a press conference, Kejriwal revealed he had written to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, urging the inclusion of Delhi’s Jat community in the Central OBC list. He claimed the Centre has misled the community for over a decade without delivering on its commitments. “In 2015, the BJP assured Jat leaders at the Prime Minister’s residence that Delhi’s Jats would be included in the Central OBC list. Similar promises were made by Union Home Minister Amit Shah in 2019. However, these remain unfulfilled,” Kejriwal alleged. Highlighting discrepancies, he questioned why Jat students from Rajasthan benefit from OBC reservations at Delhi University (DU) while those from Delhi are excluded. “Thousands of Delhi’s Jat children miss out on DU admissions because they are not part of the Central OBC list,” he said. Kejriwal emphasized that while Delhi’s Jat community is recognized under the OBC category at the state level, they are denied similar benefits by the Centre. He called it an act of betrayal and demanded immediate inclusion in the Central OBC list to ensure access to reservations in Central government jobs and institutions. He further stated that the inclusion of Jats in the OBC list would unlock opportunities in Central agencies like the MCD, DDA, and PWD, which operate extensively in Delhi. Kejriwal assured the community of AAP’s continued support until their demands are met. The Delhi Assembly elections are scheduled for February 5, with results to be announced on February 8. The post Kejriwal Accuses Centre of Betraying Delhi’s Jat Community Over OBC Reservation appeared first on Global Governance News- Asia's First Bilingual News portal for Global News and Updates. [ad_2] Source link

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news365times · 1 day ago

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mariacallous · 3 months ago

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A long-simmering diplomatic spat between India and Canada escalated dramatically on Monday as Ottawa expelled six Indian officials, including the country’s top diplomat, implicating them in the killing of a Sikh separatist who was fatally shot outside a temple in British Columbia last year.

India, which has rejected the allegations, responded in kind by ejecting six Canadian diplomats, including the country’s acting high commissioner.

An ongoing Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) investigation into the 2023 killing of Hardeep Singh Nijjar, an Indian-born citizen of Canada, found links to the six Indian officials, the Canadian government said. After India refused to waive their diplomatic immunity so that they could cooperate with the probe, Ottawa moved to expel the officials.

“The decision to expel these individuals was made with great consideration and only after the RCMP gathered ample, clear and concrete evidence which identified six individuals as persons of interest in the Nijjar case,” Canadian Foreign Minister Mélanie Joly said in a statement.

The Indian officials are alleged by the RCMP to have been directly involved in the gathering of intelligence on Sikh separatists in Canada, which is home to the largest Sikh population outside of India, according to Canadian government statistics.

Canada has previously accused India’s government of involvement in the killing of Nijjar, who was designated a terrorist by New Delhi in 2020 for his leadership of an organization called the Khalistan Tiger Force. The Indian government pointed to Nijjar’s social media posts, saying that that they contained “seditionary and insurrectionary imputations” that were “attempting to create disharmony among different communities in India.”

India has consistently denied involvement in Nijjar’s death, and in a lengthy statement published on Monday, New Delhi accused Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau of “smearing India for political gains,” adding that Trudeau’s government had “not shared a shred of evidence” with India and has ignored multiple extradition requests of “terrorists and organized crime leaders living in Canada.”

The diplomatic dust-up has been decades in the making. Scores of Sikhs fled India in the 1980s and 1990s amid a violent crackdown on the Khalistan movement, which called for a separate nation-state for Sikhs in the Indian state of Punjab.

Canada was among the most popular destinations at the time, and the country’s Sikh population now numbers nearly 800,000, according to the 2021 census. And while supporters of Khalistan are believed to make up only a small proportion of that population, the blurring of domestic and foreign policy in Canada—coupled with an increasingly belligerent Indian foreign policy under Prime Minister Narendra Modi—has set the stage for a breakdown in bilateral relations.

“Of all the countries [where the Sikh diaspora fled in the 1980s], Canada is the only one where the population is large enough to sway constituencies in domestic politics,” said Aparna Pande, the director of the India Initiative at the Hudson Institute, a think tank based in Washington, D.C. “India as a 77-year-old modern state was created by the breakup of the country, and it has dealt with several separatist movements since then. So for the Indian state, any individual who talks about separatism is an anathema, and anyone who supports this is seen to be supporting the breakup of the country,” she added.

The long-standing nature of the tensions was also highlighted by the RCMP alleging the involvement of Indian government agents in “serious criminal activity” more broadly, saying it had “successfully investigated and charged a significant number of individuals for their direct involvement in homicides, extortions and other criminal acts of violence” over the past few years.

The diplomatic rupture comes at a time when India has increasingly been accused of practicing “transnational repression,” a term used to describe efforts by governments to reach across borders to harass, silence, and even kill critics abroad.

Transnational repression is a growing phenomenon that is mostly commonly associated with authoritarian states such as China and Russia, the latter of which has made headlines in recent years over its brazen attempts to poison and assassinate its critics in Europe.

Governments have long sought to keep tabs on—and at times silence—their critics abroad, but the rising tide of authoritarianism around the world and the advent of the internet have fueled a recent surge. “Everything shows that these trends are on the rise,” said Dana Moss, a professor at the University of Notre Dame who studies the phenomenon.

Last week, Ken McCallum—the head of MI-5, Britain’s domestic intelligence agency—said in rare public remarks that the country was facing a “staggering rise” in assassination and sabotage attempts from Russia and Iran. Both countries have sought to recruit criminals to carry out the attacks, with 20 potentially lethal Iranian-backed plots uncovered since the beginning of 2022.

Populist democracies such as Turkey and India are also becoming increasingly aggressive in pursuit of their political foes. In November 2023, the U.S. Justice Department accused an Indian official of directing a plot to assassinate a U.S.-based Sikh activist. And Ankara has dramatically stepped up efforts to forcibly return its perceived enemies from overseas since an attempted coup in 2016.

Yet these same countries’ geopolitical importance often complicates Western efforts to respond forcefully to their actions. Turkey is a NATO ally, for instance, and India plays a crucial role in Western efforts to balance China in the Indo-Pacific.

This balancing act was thrown in stark relief by the 2018 killing of Saudi Washington Post columnist Jamal Khashoggi by Saudi operatives in the country’s consulate in Turkey. U.S. President Joe Biden vowed on the campaign trail in 2019 to turn Riyadh into a “pariah” state over the killing, yet his administration has instead courted the country, viewing it as a pivotal player in U.S. efforts to redraw the contours of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

India’s linchpin role in Western efforts against major adversaries such as China and Russia has similarly complicated the United States’ own allegations against the Modi government of assassination attempts against a Sikh separatist on U.S. soil. In its own indictment, unsealed in November, the Justice Department accused an Indian citizen named Nikhil Gupta of colluding with an unnamed Indian government official to try to assassinate Gurpatwant Singh Pannun, a pro-Khalistan activist and U.S. citizen based in New York. Gupta was arrested in the Czech Republic and extradited to the United States earlier this year.

Pande, the expert from the Hudson Institute, said that the United States’ relatively by-the-book approach to the Pannun case has stood in stark contrast to Canada’s approach to Nijjar’s case. In the latter, Trudeau and Joly have been at the forefront of publicly leveling accusations against India. Biden, on the other hand, has allowed himself a degree of diplomatic wiggle room by letting the Justice Department and intelligence agencies take the lead without weighing in publicly himself.

“The U.S. didn’t stand on a bully pulpit,” Pande added.

India has also treated the U.S. allegations far more delicately, pledging cooperation from the outset. Even as Canada’s and India’s mutual diplomatic expulsions were confirmed on Tuesday, an Indian investigative team arrived in Washington, D.C., to discuss the attempted Pannun assassination with U.S. officials.

According to a report in the Hindustan Times, New Delhi also informed the Biden administration that the government official referenced in the November indictment—known only as “CC-1”—is no longer in the government and has been placed under arrest. (The Indian Embassy in Washington declined to comment).

Those developments reflect the degree of realpolitik between India and the United States, whose bilateral relationship has grown markedly closer under the Biden administration. And while the broader fallout of the India-Canada breakdown remains to be seen (further complicated by the fact that the number of Indians emigrating to Canada has more than quadrupled over the past decade), Washington will likely face limited collateral damage.

“There’s a huge difference between the India-Canada relationship and the India-U.S. relationship in every sense,” Pande said. “The U.S. has a remarkable ability to engage with countries that don’t get along with each other.”

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