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German III: 4.6-4.11

Vocab:

das Drucktop, -s

printed top

die Kette, -n

necklace

das Langarmshirt, -s

long sleeved shirt

der Schal, -e

scarf

die Ledertasche, -n

leather purse

die Weste, -n

vest

der Spagettiträger, -

spaghetti strap

das Spitzentop, -s

lace top

die Strickjacke, -n

knit jacket/sweater

die Cordhose, -n

corduroy pants

die Kapuzensweatjacke, -n

hooded sweatshirt, jacket

der Pullover, -s

sweater

die Cargohose,-n

cargo pants

die Cargohose, die ich gern zur Schule trage,

das Strickkleid, -er

knit dress

der Hosenanzug, -¨e

pant suit

der Ledergürtel, -

leather belt

der Ohrhänger, -

dangling earring

die Ohrhänger, die ich ihr zum Geburtstag gegeben habe,

der Hosenrock, ¨e

pant skirt

das Streifenhemd, -en

striped shirt

der Streifenpullover, -s

striped sweater

der Streifenpullover, in dem du mich hier siehst,

das Armband, ¨er

bracelet

der Rollkragenpullover, -s

turtleneck sweater

der Ledermantel, -¨

leather coat

die Sporthose, -n

athletic pants

die Strickmütze, -n

knit cap

der Samtsakko, -s

silk sportcoat

die Baumwolle

cotton

der Stacheldraht

barbed wire

der Wachtturm, -¨e

watch tower

der Wachtturm, der am Checkpoint Charlie stand,

das Niemandsland

no-mans-land

die Grenze, -n

border

der Grenzpfahl, -¨er

pole marking the border

der Grenzübergang, -¨e

border crossing

der Grenzübergang, den wir immer benutzt haben,

der Soldat, -en

soldier

to divide

die Teilung, -en

division

der Weltkrieg, -e

world war

die Besatzungszone, -n

occupation zone

plötzlich

suddenly

aufgeben. gibt auf, a, e

to give up

die Luftbrücke

airlift

das Luftbrückendenkmal, das die drei Luftkorridore zeigt,

die Heizung

heating

sogar

even

das Denkmal, -¨er

monument

verlieren, o, o

to lose

errichten

to set up, build

der Beton

concrete

der Ehemann, -¨er

husband

die Ehefrau, -en

wife

zensieren

to censor

schießen, o, o

to shoot

das Maschinengewehr, -e

machine gun

der Vopo, -s (Volkspolizist, -en)

East German policeman

die Passkontrolle, -n

passport check

das Visum, Visen

visa

What do you wear...:

When it’s cloudy and cool

Wenn das Wetter bewölkt und kühl ist, trage ich eine Jeans und ein Sweatshirt.

When it’s hot and sunny

Wenn das Wetter heiß und sonnig ist, trage ich Shorts und einen Top mit Spaghettiträgern. Ich trage auch einen Hut.

When it’s cool and windy

Wenn das Wetter kühl und windig ist, trage ich eine Cargohose, einen Streifenpullover und eine Strickmütze.

When it’s a cold winter

Wenn es im Winter kalt ist, trage ich eine Cordhose, eine Kapuzensweatjacke und Stiefel.

When it’s hot

Wenn es 32 Grad ist, trage ich Shorts und ein Kurzarmshirt.

When it’s freezing

Wenn es friert, trage ich eine Jeans, einen Rollkragenpullover und einen Ledermantel.

On an island

Wenn ich auf der Insel bin, trage ich Shorts und ein T-shirt.

In a forest

Wenn ich im Wald bin, trage ich einen Schal, eine Weste und eine Jeans.

In the city

Wenn ich in der Stadt bin, trage ich einen Sakko, ein Polohemd und eine Hose.

On a mountain

Wenn ich in den Bergen bin, trage ich eine Sporthose, ein T-shirt und eine Kapuzensweatjacke.

In the country

Wenn ich auf dem Land bin, trage ich eine Stretchjeans und einen Pullover.

On the beach

Wenn ich am Strand bin, trage ich einen Hosenrock und ein Drucktop.

With your grandparents

Wenn ich bei den Großeltern bin, trage ich ein Streifenhemd, eine Jeans und einen Ledergürtel.

Relative Pronoun Practice:

A relative pronoun gets its gender from the antecedent and its case from its own use.

Cases-

Masculine

der -N

den -A

dem -D

dessen -G

Feminine

die

der

deren

Neuter

das

dem

dessen

Plural

die

denen

deren

Practice-

Die Frau, mit der meine Mutter arbeitet, trägt gern rot und lila.

Fem, dative

Die Mutter und Tochter, die ins Restaurant gehen, tragen beide Kleider.

Plural, nominative

Die Schuhe, die ich meiner Nichte geschenkt habe, sind rosa.

Plural, accusative

Meine Lieblingsjeans, auf der ich einen Fleck habe, haben mir meine Eltern geschenkt.

Fem, dative

Der Junge, dessen Pulli zu groß ist, heißt Jochen.

Masc, genitive

Der Schal, den ich im Winter trage, ist gestreift.

Masc, accusative

Der Pool, in dem ich diese Badehose trage, ist nicht weit von meinem Haus.

Masc, dative

Der Junge, der diese Baseballmütze trägt, ist mein Bruder.

Masc, nominative

Mein Bruder, dem ich dieses T-shirt gekauft habe, heißt Max.

Masc, dative

Der Sakko, den mein Vater fast jeden Tag trägt, ist grau

Masc, accusative

Der Hut, den die Frau trägt, ist rot und lila.

Masc, accusative

Das Restaurant, in dem wir essen, ist nicht sehr teuer.

Neut, dative

Die Schuhe, die meine Nichte trägt, sind rosa.

Plural, accusative

Meine Lieblingsjeans, die mir meine Eltern geschenkt haben, hat einen Fleck.

Fem, accusative

Die Mädchen, mit denen die Jungen getanzt haben, sind Schwestern.

Plural, dative

Die Bluse, deren Ärmel zu lang sind, ist auch zu teuer.

Fem, genitive

Das Haus, das er kaufte, war ziemlich weit weg.

Neut, accusative

Der Junge, dessen Baseballmütze das ist, ist mein Bruder.

Masc, genitive

Mein Bruder, für den ich dieses T-shirt gekauft habe, ist 2 Jahre jünger als ich.

Masc, accusative

Mein Vater trägt fast jeden Tag einen Sakko, der grau ist.

Masc, nominative

Imperfect Tense:

Endings-

ich --> none

durfte

konnte

mochte

musste

sollte

wollte

du --> -st

durftest

konntest

mochtest

musstest

solltest

wolltest

er, sie, es --> none

durfte

konnte

mochte

musste

sollte

wollte

wir --> -en

durften

konnten

mochten

mussten

sollten

wollten

ihr --> -t

durftet

konntet

mochtet

musstet

solltet

wolltet

sie/Sie --> -en

durften

konnten

mochten

mussten

sollten

wollten

Interview:

Interviewer: I'm talking to Mr. Jung from Berlin. He lives in Berlin since his childhood and tells us something about his experiences. ° Thank you very much, Mr. Jung, for talking to us. Mr. Jung: Please. I think American students should learn more about our history. I: So you have been living in Berlin since childhood? HJ: Yes. I: Where were you on the night of August 13, 1961? HJ: I was in my dorm room. I studied math at Humboldt University. I: That was East Berlin at the time. Was the dormitory also in East Berlin? HJ: Yes. But my parents lived in West Berlin. I: Your parents were in West Berlin? HJ: Yes. I wanted to visit her, but I was not allowed to. I: How often have you been allowed to visit them throughout the GDR? HJ: Never, but they were allowed to visit me a few times. That was certainly worse for her than it was for me. I was young and started a new life slowly.

I: How was life in the GDR? There was so much propaganda at the time, and we in America heard only bad things about the GDR. HJ: Yes, that was the Cold War. We also heard only bad things about the USA. But there were good things about life in the GDR. There was no unemployment °; Everyone had work and life was not expensive. Food and clothes were very cheap, and the rent for a flat or room was not expensive either. Also, there was almost no crime. I: That sounds good. Was life really that good? HJ: Well, everyone had a job, but often there was nothing to do because we did not have the materials. The food and clothes were cheap, but the quality was not good and there was almost no choice. ° You just had to buy what was in the shop and that was mostly just stuff from other communist countries. If there was something special (oranges, for example), you had to queue for 2-3 hours and hope that they were not all ° when it was your turn. I: Excuse me, Mr. Jung, but what does "queue" mean? HJ: Wait. I think Americans say "stood in line."

I: And how about freedom °? We always heard there was almost no freedom. HJ: Yes, that's right. The worst thing was that you could not talk freely. We were also not allowed to travel to the West and read books or newspapers from the West. You could not always block West TV, but the programs had so much criminality that they simply told us, "That's typical in the West." Also, there was no post at the beginning with the West and almost nobody was allowed to have a phone , We had to wait seven years to buy a Trabi. (That was a DDR car.)

I: Well, Mr. Jung, do you miss anything from the GDR era? HJ: Yes, yes, I miss the little crime. Also, life was actually much easier. Everything is so hectic now. I: Would you like to have the GDR again? HJ: Oh, no. No way! I: Thank you very much, Mr. Jung. We are taking a break now. But later I would like to talk to you about your life after the fall of the Wall. HJ: Please. With pleasure.

Fun Facts:

Top supermodel Claudia Schiffer is a native German. She was born in the city of Rheinberg and reached her supermodel status in the 1990s. Her career started in 1987 when she was spotted at a night club in the city of Düsseldorf. Within weeks of that encounter, she appeared in Elle magazine. Since then, she has also modeled for many other magazines, as well as Chanel and Guess jeans. She has also appeared in about 10 motion pictures.

When World War II ended in 1945, Germany was divided into four zones of occupation, and its capital Berlin was also divided into 4 Sectors. The USA occupied most of Southern Germany, which may be why so many Americans equate Bavaria with Germany, something non-Bavarians resent. The three Western Allies wanted to rebuild their zones as fast as possible and thus eliminate the temptation for oppressed people to fall prey to another dictatorial government of any kind. With tremendous aid from the Marshall Plan, they accomplished this. The Soviets, on the other hand, could not (and probably would not) provide this kind of aid, so an ever-increasing difference in the standard of living arose between the two parts.

The Bundesrepublik Deutschland (BRD, "Westdeutschland") developed its own constitution (Grundgesetz) and currency (Deutschmark or D-Mark), and in 1955 became politically independent, although closely tied economically to the West. The Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR, "Ostdeutschland") was part of the Communist Bloc, which allowed very little independence politically or economically. The East German currency (Mark, but commonly called "Ostmark") and most of its products had little value outside its own borders. Some quality items were produced for export only, because the country needed "hard" currency from the West.

The increasing disparity in the standard of living lead quite naturally to a drain in workers from East to West, most of whom used the city of West Berlin as their route. The Soviets did not like this little enclave of western prosperity in their midst and set up a blockade of all land and water routes to West Berlin. They hoped to force the West Berliners to accept only their leadership.

The Western Allies, however, were not willing to give up this chance to show the marked difference in lifestyles between Communist and non-Communist countries. An airlift was organized that brought in everything West Berlin needed for survival, from food, clothing, and medicine to the building materials for runways, so more and bigger planes could land.

Some of the pilots felt they should also do something to help lift the children´s spirits as well as feed them. They started making little parachutes (out of handkerchiefs that could then be used) and attaching things to them: little boxes of raisins, chocolates, etc. These planes became know as the Rosinenbomber ("raisin bombers"). The most famous of the pilots was Gail Halvorsen. He knew the children couldn´t tell one plane from another, so he told them he would wiggle his wings before dropping the parachutes. As the planes came in for a landing, the children were ready, and when they saw "Uncle Wiggly Wings" they ran to get the gifts. Children and groups across the U.S. made up these parachutes, some of which also contained nylon stockings for the women.

At the height of the blockade, planes were landing and taking off at the rate of more than one a minute! The Soviets finally gave in, and goods could once again reach West Berlin by land and water. (Fortsetzung folgt)

The end of the blockade did not stop the exodus of people from East to West, so the Soviets resorted to the only measure left: a wall around all of West Berlin to shut off this route of emigration. What started out early on a Sunday morning (August 13, 1961) as rolls of barbed wire became a concrete wall with more and more specialized methods of preventing "flight," which was considered treason. Those attempting it were to be shot. Statistics vary as to how many victims there were. The most famous one was Peter Fechter, who was shot and left to bleed to death, almost within arms´ reach of Western soldiers, who could do nothing but watch. Any attempt to "mingle in the affairs of another state" could have been an excuse for war. East/West tensions were very high, and the fear of a nuclear holocaust was extremely real.

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