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Olympic Games Legacy

The Olympic Games Legacy is a highly regarded legacy that represents the future of the city that hosts the games. The Olympic Legacy is a result of a vision, that encompasses all the tangible and intangible long-term benefits that come from hosting the Olympics/sport events for the people in the host city (IOC, 2017). The vison of the Legacy is to build a better world through sport. When the vison becomes implemented, the outcome becomes the Olympic Games Legacy. The legacy comes from vision, planning, coordinated action, monitoring and reporting. In the Youth Olympics the legacy focuses on youth engagement and youth empowerment. Helping to build the youth in the host city. Legacy has been a main reason for bidding for sporting events, as it helps the host city (Leopky & Parent, 2012). Helping cities to build a bright future.

The two benefits of legacy cam be tangible and intangible. Tangible legacy can be captured by pictures and can be seen by the public, such as new sports facilities and improvements on urban infrastructure. Intangible legacy is not as easy to notice or define and measure. Intangible legacy can be new cultural and heritage assets, changes in attitudes and behaviours of the those in the city, building professional skills or getting to gain better understanding of other countries. The benefits of legacy all bring a long-term impact to the host city.

The Olympic Legacy produced in the 2016 Rio Olympic games are the improvement of transportation through accelerated investments into poorer regions of the city. A new project on waste treatment was designed for the games. Improvement into the sustainability within in the city gained more attention as well. The 2012 London Olympics Legacy provided many benefits for the city with a new youth sport strategy being designed and gaining high levels of investment. Money was invested into a lasting legacy for East London residents, helping to live better lives. High sustainability efforts were put into place for the games and have lasted ever since in the city of London, with their being more legacies left as well. The Olympics provides a long term benefit to local, national and international sports, as well with economic benefit to the city and the country. Inspiring grass root participants to become elite athletes (Thomas et al., 2016). The Olympic Legacy provides lasting effects towards the city and nation, long after the closing ceremony.

   IOC. (2017, December). Legacy Strategic Approach Moving Forward. https://stillmed.olympics.com/media/Document%20Library/OlympicOrg/Documents/Olympic-Legacy/IOC_Legacy_Strategy_Full_version.pdf?la=en&hash=DEFC1FA693D515994113C6AAC9C7EB82DECB2722?la=en&hash=DEFC1FA693D515994113C6AAC9C7EB82DECB2722

Leopky, B., & Parent, M. (2012). Olympic Games Legacy: From General Benefits to Sustainable Long-Term Legacy. International Journal of the History of Sport, 29(6), 924-943, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254239870_Olympic_Games_Legacy_From_General_Benefits_to_Sustainable_Long-Term_Legacy

Thomas, J., Walker, T., Miller, S., Cobb, A., & Thomas, S. (2016). The Olympic legacy: Journal metrics in sports medicine and dentistry. Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry, 6(6)http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.holmesglen.edu.au/10.4103/2231-0762.195513

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eSports

eSports is area of sports that has grown massively in the past few years. With the presence of new technology and greater awareness for video games, eSports is on the rise. eSport is video game competitions that attract consumers, businesses and other stakeholders, which become involved through multiple interactions (Elasri-Ejjaberi et al., 2020). It can attract many fans that will attend events and watch the games, as well as businesses that will invest money and sponsor the event and the players. There’s team based games and individual based games, where people compete against each other to receive prizes, which can be big money. The most popular games that attract events are call of duty, FIFA and Fortnite. In 2019 there were prize pools for Dota 2 and the Fortnite world cup, that surpassed $40 million (Morton, 2020). Rewarding players with high amounts of money.

A major tournament that occurred was the 2019 Fortnite World Cup which played host to 200 of the qualifying players in the world. The event was held at the National tennis centre in New York that lasted three days and that had saw sold out crowds attend (Graham, 2019). It had a pro-am on the Friday, a duos competition on the Saturday and a solo championship on the Sunday. The event was also being broadcast to millions of viewers on line through streaming websites such as twitch and YouTube. These streams were included with commentary. The winner of the solos event Bugha came away with $3 million US as only being a 16-year-old. Each participant also went home with $50,000 each. The event even provided DJ’s and activations for fans to engage with. This eSports event has shown how much the sport has grown.

                                     (Fortnite World Cup, 2017)

eSports and their events also attract major businesses to sponsor them. eSports generated a revenue of 14.5 million euros in Spain in 2017, with about 5.5 million coming from fans and spectators leaving about 9.5 million coming from sponsors. With the growth of eSports large companies have become sponsors of these events such as Microsoft, Samsung, and Red Bull (Pizzo et al., 2018). These big companies decide to become sponsor as the millions of views that eSports events generate from around the world. eSports is still growing and will only get bigger with the new technology that is being made, eSport events will become bigger and bigger.

    Elasri-Ejjaberi, A., Rodriguez-Rodriguez, S., & Aparicio-Chueca, P. (2020). Effect of eSport sponsorship on brands: an empirical study applied to youth. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(2), 852-861. http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.holmesglen.edu.au/10.7752/jpes.2020.02122

Fortnite World Cup [Photograph]. (2017). https://www.dw.com/en/fortnite-world-cup-16-year-old-bugha-wins-top-prize/a-49772226

Graham, B. (2019, July 31). Fortnite World Cup: the $30m tournament shows esports’ future is already here. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/jul/30/fortnite-world-cup-esports

Morton, J. (2020). The Rise of esports events and what its future holds. https://www.jackmorton.com/pov/future-of-esports-events/

Pizzo, A. D., Baker, B. J., Na, S., Lee, M. A., Kim, D., & Funk, D. C. (2018). eSport vs. Sport: A Comparison of Spectator Motives. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 27(2), 108-123. https://login.ezproxy.holmesglen.edu.au/login?url=https://www-proquest-com.ezproxy.holmesglen.edu.au/scholarly-journals/esport-vs-sport-comparison-spectator-motives/docview/2131137258/se-2?accountid=132066

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Exploration of a negative situation of a sports venue

A negative exploration of a sports venue is the construction of stadiums for the 2022 soccer world cup in Qatar. Qatar had won the big to host the soccer world cup in 2010, but the country did not have enough stadiums developed to host the event. Therefore, they have had to build stadiums for the soccer games. But during the construction of the venue’s workers have not been treated fairly and there has been many deaths that have come from building these stadiums. Many of these workers are foreigners from south east and middle eastern countries. Between the time of 2010 and 2013 over 1,200 migrant workers working on the stadiums had died, with more than 4,000 projected to die before the start of the soccer world cup (Ganji, 2016). The workers are also being exploited while being subjected to forced labour.  

                                (Qatar Stadium construction, 2020)

Workers on the stadium have been exploited in many ways including paying recruitment fees, bad living conditions, false salaries, delayed pay, not being able to leave the camp, can’t leave the country and job and being threatened. The migrant workers that come to Qatar to escape poverty have had to pay fees to be able to be recruited into the construction (amnesty International, 2020). Leaving them without much money. The workers live in small, dirty and unsafe rooms. That can include eight people in the room. The agencies that recruit the workers have lied about the salary they would receive while working. An example was that a worker was told he would receive US$300 a month and only received US$190. Some workers have also not been paid for several months, which has then led them to be without food and not being able to send money back to their home. Workers have been unable to leave the area of where they stay. To leave the country or job the workers need permission from the company, but they get threaten instead. It has been a very salve-based construction in Qatar.

Through the infringements of human rights such as limitations to freedom of movement for the workers, the unsafe and dangerous work conditions, discrimination of nationality and restrictions to access justice, the construction of the stadiums still continue (Regueiro, 2020). FIFA and other countries need to take more part in stopping the exploitation of these workers. As world class stadiums ae being built, the construction of them is being done in negative way that is affecting peoples lives and is being done in an unsafe way. More needs to be done to change the way these stadiums are being built.

     Amnesty International. (2020). Qatar World Cup Of Shame. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2016/03/qatar-world-cup-of-shame/

Ganji, S. (2016). Leveraging the World Cup: Mega Sporting Events, Human Rights Risk, and Worker Welfare Reform in Qatar. Journal on Migration and Human Security, 4(4), 221-259. https://login.ezproxy.holmesglen.edu.au/login?url=https://www-proquest-com.ezproxy.holmesglen.edu.au/scholarly-journals/leveraging-world-cup-mega-sporting-events-human/docview/1931567336/se-2?accountid=132066

Regueiro, R. (2020). Shared Responsibility and Human Rights Abuse: The 2022 World Cup in Qatar. Tilburg Law Review, 25(1), 27-39. http://doi.org/10.5334/tilr.191

Qatar Stadium construction [Photograph]. (2020). https://middle-east-online.com/en/qatar%E2%80%99s-world-cup-construction-sites-continue-operate-expense-workers%E2%80%99-health

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Sustainability practice for a sports venue

A sports venue that practices sustainability is the Mercedes Benz Stadium in Atlanta, America. It is a world leading stadium when it comes to sustainability. The stadium is designed to save 29% in energy usage comparted to a normal stadium. It has 4,000 solar panels which generates around 1.6 million kilowatt hours of renewable energy per year. It has electric car charging stations and a 1 million gallon cooling tower (Mercedes-Benz Stadium, 2021). Being a world leader in sustainability.

(Mercedes-Benz Stadium, 2017)

Sustainability can be broken into three sections environmental protection, economic development and social equity (ten Have & Gordijin, 2020). The Mercedes Benz Stadium takes part in all three sections. As members of the community receive benefits from the stadium, the stadium saves money with its practices and helps to protect the environment. Sustainability can known as where positive outcomes for health benefits, activity or workforce capacity are maintained (Lennox et al., 2018). It also means that to make sure there is enough resources for future generations without decreasing the quality of life. Sustainability is important as if we do not be sustainable we may run out of fossil fuels, animals will be extinct and people may not live a clean life.

Environmental sustainability is the mostly used within the Stadium. As the Mercedes Benz Stadium is focused on reducing carbon footprint, water usage and waste. The stadium is the most sustainable sports stadium in the world and the first professional sports stadium to achieve LEED Platinum in the U.S. The stadium has four major categories of how they are sustainable these being efficient lighting, water conservation, alternative transportation and community. The Stadium has efficient lighting as it features 82,500 square feet of LED lighting, this will last 10 times longer than normal lights and helps to reduce usage of power by 60%. It helps with water efficiency by using 47% less water than normal standards, as it has water efficient fixtures and conservation infrastructures. The alternative transportation that is provided is the bike valet program which promotes riding bikes on game day not cars and the Atlanta Falcons lead the highest amount of NFL fans using public transport to attend games. It has help the community by producing jobs around the urban landscaping of the stadium to locals and has a mission to recycle 3 million aluminium bottles and donate the money to local charity. Mercedes Benz Stadium is world leading in Sustainability and practices a high standard of sustainability.

 Lennox, L. Maher, L. Reed, J. (2018). Navigating the sustainability landscape: a systematic review of sustainability approaches in healthcare. Implementation Science, 13(27), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-017-0707-4

Mercedes-Benz Stadium [Photograph]. (2017). https://www.burohappold.com/projects/mercedes-benz-stadium/#

Mercedes-Benz Stadium. (2021). Sustainability at Mercedes-Benz Stadium. https://mercedesbenzstadium.com/mbs-sustain/

ten, Have. H., & Bert, G. (2020). Sustainability. Medicine, Health Care, and Philosophy, 23(2), 153-154.

http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.holmesglen.edu.au/10.1007/s11019-020-09946-3