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I am transcendental, beyond both the fallible and the infallible, and I am the greatest, I am celebrated both in the world and in the Vedas as that Supreme Person.

— Bhagvad Gita

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“O Indra, in this glorious and arduous conflict, you roar, guard us and our gains.

(In this battle) the Ray-cows are recovered.

The luminous weapons fall on every-side,

upon the fierce fighters and overpower them.”

(10.38.1)

Ref.,Rig Veda translations by Dr. R. L. Kashyap.

Sri Aurobindo Kapali Sastry Institute of Vedic Culture, 2006-2007, ‘Sakshi’, Bangalore.

— RigVeda

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“May we know the supreme person. For that, we meditate upon lambodara (pot-bellied) and mahodara (corpulent).

May dantin (one who has the tusk) impel us towards it.”

— Agni Purana

The Brahmavaivarta Purana which professes to glorify Krsna relates in its Ganesa-khanda to the legends of the elephant-headed deity. Ganesa has been represented here as an incarnation of Krsna. The Garuda and Agni Puranas prescribe rules for the worship of Ganesa.

Among the other Puranas which refer to Ganesa and his legends are the Skanda, Matsya, Vamana, Linga, Siva and Varaha. A later Ganesa Purana is devoted to the glorification of Ganesa. It also deals with the theology and worship of the sect and enumerates the thousand names of the deity.

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—This image of Ganesa has a speciality with serpent hood over his head. A single serpent is used usually as his yajñopavita, here their number is much more. A mouse is associated with him as his vahana. But here instead there are animals like swan, tortoise and golden fox.

Three of the four of his hands uphold one animal or the other. He does not have any weapon known to associate with him. In place of lotus, his base is made of a panel of swans under him.

Circa 1500, (79.210)National Museum, Delhi.

—Ganesha with NavGraha, Kolkata.

— Shiva, Ganesha and Mother Shakti c 1740-50 CE

— Dancing Ganesha, Archaeological Museum, Gwalior Fort.

— Seated Ganesha, 11th Century CE, Bronze, Western India. National Museum, Delhi.

-Ref.,Mythology and Iconography of Ganesha.

Dr. Madhumita Datta.

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Know me to be Wrath Incarnate.

Know me to be The Devourer.

I’m the Dance of Death, Destruction and Creation.

[ Musings, Personal, August 24th, 2024. ]

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Krishna

“I am the Supersoul, O Arjuna, seated in the hearts of all living entities. I am the beginning, the middle and the end of all beings.”

(10.20)

“Of the adityas I am Visnu, of lights I am the radiant sun, of the Maruts I am Marici, and among the stars I am the moon.”

(10.21)

“Of the descendants of Vrsni I am Vasudeva, and of the Pandavas I am Arjuna. Of the sages I am Vysa, and among great thinkers I am Usana.”

(10.37)

“Furthermore, O Arjuna, I am the generating seed of all existences.

There is no being-moving or nonmoving-that can exist without Me.”

(10.39)

“O mighty conqueror of enemies, there is no end to My divine manifestations. What I have spoken to you is but a mere indication of My infinite opulences.”

(10.40)

“Know that all opulent, beautiful and glorious creations spring from but a spark of My splendor.”

(10.41)

“But what need is there, Arjuna, for all this detailed knowledge?

With a single fragment of Myself I pervade and support this entire universe.”

(10.42)

— Bhagavad Gita

Image source: Pinterest.

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"The hill named Govardhana is the king of all mountains. It was born from Lord Hari's chest. It has come here by the power of Pulastya Muni. By seeing it, one becomes freed from having to accept birth again in this material world. First worship the cows, brahmanas, and demigods and then make a great offering to Govardhana Hill. That offering is the king of yajñas and it is very dear to Me.”

— Garga Samhita

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Vishnu

Indra, one with great luminous might, chief of leaders and the fierce one, and the showerer, casts the four-sided thunderbolt (against the Vrtra) to release the energies.

Desirous of the glories of the wide river Parushni, out of friendship he pervades the river in its various levels (or regions).

(4.22.2)

O Indra, violent overthrower (of foes), upholder (of the worlds), you killed (demon) Ahi with your might using the forceful thunderbolt. O great Indra, all these (tä) great deeds of yours (te) are proclaimed promptly (tu) at all the Soma - sacrifices.

(4.22.5)

— RigVeda

Image source: Pinterest.

[ Note : Rivers lowering down, rivers allowing passage, many such references are in Vedas that relate with Indra, birth of Krishna had many similarities and one of the first wonders he did was to overpower all the gods, then in Mahabharata we again find the relationship of Krishna and Arjuna where only his support and guidance is enough for Indra(Arjuna) to defeat armies of Asura Heroes. ]

[ Note : Indra himself did not believe Vishnu had incarnated on earth as Krishna, and the story and battle of egos continued for 7 days straight and Indra and many other gods came and bowed down to Lord Vishnu in form of child of 7-8 years. ]

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Krishna

Indra, the ancient one is forceful, born to conquer (the hostiles),

He is mighty, his self-strengths are like that of a mountain.

He wields the dense vajra and is fierce. He is overflowing with riches like water rushing out of a sheath.

(4.20.6)

By birth, there is none who can oppose him. There is no destroyer for the riches and the achievement (of plenitudes) given by you. You are fierce, strong and shower all the desirables (to your devotees);

O one called by many, may you bestow the felicities on us.

(4.20.7)

You are He, Varuna, O Will (Agni), when you are born (Oceans).

You become the Lord of Love when you are entirely kindled.

In you are all the gods, O son of Force.

You are Indra for the mortal who gives the offering.

(5.3.1)

— RigVeda

[ Note : Krishna did humble Indra, by lifting the mountain, we do have references in Purana where this gets inter-dimensional in certain stories, like shiva holding 100s of Indras, very different…however, when we inquire uniquely into mainstream happenings, Vedic seers are continuously doing rituals, maintaining balance, their experiences are intimate, personal experiences, symbolic for the most part and literal at times, not everything has been noted down, these are a very specific collection of poetic elements that have existed since 7-8 thousand years, only accessible to ‘seer-mind’, and then in Mahabharata we find the story connecting again when Krishna and Arjuna are in the War against Asuras. ]

[ Note : Puranas are not like Vedas, they’re gods in action, and do connect to Vedas in ancestry, at times, when gods manifested, continued the lineage, though, a very important aspect to remember is, Vedas followed a certain way to write, doing rituals, preserving knowledge and that is peculiar to Vedas only, they do build the foundation to all other scriptures but there’s something underneath it all which is not exposed. ]

— RigVeda

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Vishnu

O Indra, in the rapture, Vitra (vyamsa) wounded you in, and smote away your jaws. When they were wounded, you rose more high, and did crush the head of the Dasa-foe (Vtra) with your weapon.

(4.18.9)

The cow bore, Indra, the firm, the forceful, the inviolate and mighty bull. The mother sent forth her unhurt child to the journeying, since he desired a path for his body.

(4.18.10)

The mother coaxed the mighty one, "O my son, beloved, the gods abandon you', Then said Indra, for he meant to slay the coverer (Vrtra). O Vishnu, O my comrade, pace all the width of your steps.

(4.18.11)

— RigVeda

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[ Note : The mother here is Aditi, the infinite, mother of gods, the war between has become extreme. ]

[ Note : The relationship between Indra and Vishnu is found in Vedas as well. ]

[ Note : Here the reference is to Vamana avatar of Vishnu, interestingly enough, we do know the timeline of Rama and Krishna’s birth, about 7000 and 5000 years back respectively, they’re very celebrated incarnations and widely traced in scriptures, but, other avatars such as Vamana, Narsimha and even Venkateshwara popularly known as the God of Kali Age are harder to trace because, perhaps much older in incarnations, this always gets very interlinked as Divine years of gods, Yugas, Mahayugas, and human years vary, Vedic civilisation does go back many thousands of years. ]

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Krishna.

Vasudeva prayed, "Although You are one, the modes of material nature make You appear to be many. You are the creator, maintainer, and destroyer of the worlds. As crystal is colorless, You are untouched by material qualities. O master of the worlds; I bow down before You."

"You are inside, like fire in fuel. You are outside, like the sky.

You are the maintainer, like the earth. You see everything. You are present everywhere, like the air. My obeisances unto You!"

"You are the original Supreme Personality of Godhead, the protector of the cows, demigods, brahmanas, and Your own children (associates), who have appeared in my dynasty to remove the great armies that now burden the earth. O master of the worlds, please protect me from sinful Kamsa."

Sri Narada said, "Understanding handsome and dark Sri Krsna to be the original Supreme Personality of Godhead, Devaki, who was equal to the demigods, bowed before Him and spoke."

Sri Devaki said, "O Krsna, O master of countless universes, O Supreme Lord, O flag of Goloka-dhama, O original Lord, O master of the perfect, O perfect one, O most perfect original Supreme Personality of Godhead, O Supreme Controller, please protect me from Kamsa's atrocities!"

— Garga Samhita

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Krishna.

"O king of Mithila, at the time of Lord Hari's appearance, the sky and the ten directions became very pure. The stars were very bright, the earth appeared happy, and the rivers, streams, oceans, and lakes were filled with pure water. The breezes spread the fragrant pollen of thousand-petal hundred-leaf lotuses that were seen blooming everywhere. Bees hummed, colorful birds sang, and fragrant cooling breezes gently blew."

"The kingdoms appeared most opulent, the towns and villages auspicious, and the demigods, brahmanas, trees, and cows were happy. The demigods beat their drums as if to announce victory.

Everywhere there was great auspiciousness. The Vidyadharas, Gandharvas, Siddhas, Kinnaras, and Caranas sang, and the chief demigods offered prayers to the Supreme Personality of Godhead."

"The Gandharvas and Vidyadharas happily danced in heaven, the demigods threw many parijata, mandara, malati, and sumanah flowers, and the clouds thundered and sprinkled water.

Then, in the month of Bhadra (August-September), during the eighth tithi of the dark fortnight, when Mercury, Taurus, and the star, Rohini, were on the horizon, and the planets were in harsana-yoga, in the middle of the night, when everything was covered with darkness and the moon was rising, in Vasudeva's palace, Lord Hari appeared from Devaki as in a yajña, fire appears from arani wood."

— Garga Samhita

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Krishna

The constellations of the ecliptic are described as the ventral and dorsal parts of the body of Lord Visnu. The first nine constellations from Aries to Cancer are described as the iravata vithi, the second nine constellations from Leo to Scorpio are described as the jaradgavi vithi and the last nine constellations from Sagittarius to Pisces as visavanara vithi. Each of the three streets is again subdivided into three streets totalling to nine.

Sometimes the twenty-seven constellations are worshipped as Lord Vasudeva in Naksatra Purusa Puja (Matsya Purana 54.1.32) starting with Mula constellation as his feet and Mrgasira as his eyes, Citrà and Satabhisa as his face, forehead and so on. The planets of our solar system are described as the different parts of Simsumara.

The southern constellation Canopus is described as his upper jaw and Mensa as his lower jaw. The entire cosmos from northern Polaris to southern Mensa are inversely indicating the vertically downward evolution of Para-Brahman as indicated in Gitagovinda.

— Ref., Manuscript History on Astronomy

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( Also, see the image for source)

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Krishna

All the mythological stories linked to River Ganges are exclusively linked to Akasa Gangà (Milky Way). The Milky Way was supposed to be originated from the toe of Lord Krsna during a divine musical concert by Lord Sankara, at the constellations Aquila which is adjacent to Sagittarius. So the Sagittarius (Lord Visnu) is supposed to be the base of feminine part of the jyotirlinga and the Gemini (Lord Siva) as the apical masculine part which correspond to their natural south-west and north-eastern positions in the sky. When the Milky Way is described along with its associated constellations as a single unit, it is either Lord Sankara or Lord Visnu or as Lord Ananta Bhutesa - is supposed as occupying most of the lower seven and upper seven worlds - the Lord being in the middle of the Milky Way wearing it as a garland. In philosophical discussions the initial deity is called as Hiranyagarbha (cosmic egg) or Prajapati who represents the cosmos and year as his two halves.

— Ref., Manuscript History on Astronomy

Image source: Pinterest.

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Vasudevá Krishna

In Vedic mythology the constellations and planets are supposed to be the residences of deities and due to personification, the worship goes on the names of deities and constellations.

“The entire cosmos is worshipped as the physical body or visvarupam of Lord Mahavisnu vertically, starting at the northern apical equinox along with Polaris as his face and southern lowest Mesa as his feet or as simsumara kundali inversely. Most of the southern constellations are described as personified initial incarnations of Lord Mahavisnu such as Matsya, Kúrma, Varaha and god's of southern temples such as Lord Jagannätha and Lord Venkatesvara. The northern constellations around Scorpio and Sagittarius are described as Lord Visnu, the upper northern constellation as Lord Brahma with his associated sages and the eastern constellations around Gemini and Taurus as Lord Sankara. Our Milky Way passes through all these important constellations.”

The two halves of the cosmos are visualized as the day and night, Ksara and Aksara Purusa of the physical body of the Uttama Purusa or Lord Mahavisnu, appearing and disappearing along with the fourth dimensional time, during evolution and involution of the cosmos. This has been the astronomically correlated, composite, monistic unitary scientific concept of Vedic times that was recorded and described by Veda Vyasa in the four Vedas and eighteen eighteen Mahapuranas and eighteen Uupapuranas.

— Ref., Manuscript History on Astronomy

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Indra.

O Indra, you are mighty. The earth holds in its mind your gift of hero-force; so also heaven. You have killed Vrtra by your strength. You have set free the rivers which were seized by (the demon) Ahi.

(4.17.1)

O Flaming Energy, at your birth, the heaven trembled, so also earth (trembled), through the fear of wrath.

But the dwellers on the hills (of existence), perfect in their being, stand firm

The waters spread over the desert-like regions cooling them.

(4.17.2)

The conqueror manifested his vigour, and shattered the hill (of Vrtra) by his strength and by hurling the Vajra-weapon.

Rapturous, he killed Vrtra with the Vajra. With their obstructer destroyed, the waters rushed forth swiftly.

(4.17.3)

(Your) father Heaven deemed you as a mighty hero. The maker of Indra was the accomplisher of a most excellent work.

He gave birth to you (Indra), who belongs to the svar (Sun-world, endowed with the perfect weapon vajra. You cannot be disturbed from your home which is like a vast field.)

(4.17.4)

— RigVeda

Image source: Pinterest.

(Also see the image)

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Indra.

Your protecting Vajra, has slain Vrtra who covers the waters, and the earth clings to you. O impetuous hero, you became the master, and released by your might, the waters from the ocean of midworld.

(4.16.7)

O one called by many, you did tear the waters out of the hill, when the ancient Sarama became manifest before you.

So may you as our leader tear out much riches for us, breaking the pens (of ray-cows), being hymned by the Angirasa seers.

[Sarama is the goddess of intuition who locates the cave of ignorance where the knowledge (Ray-cow) is hidden by Pani. She is also known as the hound of heaven. ]

(4.16.8)

O Indra, god-mind, you came to the presence of the praying seer, who was desirous of obtaining both Ray-cows and the light of svar- world, (You gave him) the will-power and protection.

The dasyu foes, who are without the word and have the harming knowledge were destroyed in the battles.

(4.16.9)

— RigVeda

Ref.,Rig Veda translations by Dr. R. L. Kashyap.

Sri Aurobindo Kapali Sastry Institute of Vedic Culture, 2008-2009, ‘Sakshi’, Bangalore.

Image source: Pinterest.

(Also see the image above)